8 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, MARCH 16, 1020 ESTABLISHED BY HEXKY I- PITTOi K. Published bv The Oregonlsn Publishing Co., 135 Hlxlh Street, i'orlland. urton. C A. MOKDEN. B. B. UPER. Manager. Editor. The Oregonian is a member of the Asso ciated l'reaa. The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the ue for publica tion of ail news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper and ZJmo the local news published herein. All nehts of republication of special dispatches hrln are aUo reserved. Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance. (By Mall.) JOally. Sunday Included, one year IS 00 l'A.iy, Sunday included, six months ... 4.25 Daily, Sunday Included, three months.. 2.25 I'aily. rfjnday included, one month ... .75 Iaily. without Sunday, one year S.00 Daily, without Sunday, six months .... 3.25 I !!-. without 8unday. one month ft Weekly, one year 1-00 Sunday, one year ( By Carrier.) Tally, Sunday included, one year 9 00 raily. 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They withheld aid from Serbia, both In order to gratify Italy's jealousy and to coerce Serbia into concessions to Bulgaria with the result that Bulgaria turned against them and that their help to Serbia came too late. By coldly calculating to win a big ally by neglect c-t a little one. they much prolonged the war and ran grave risk of final defeat. If Serbia, now expanded into Jugo slavia, should get Its deserts, Italy would profit in the end by removal or a probable cause of war. - - with authority, is destined to be the scene of intense commercial rivalry and of the next naval war. In calculating where lies economy as to expenditures on army and navy. congress should set against the total out sacrificing such organization as it will . be conceded is necessary in the conduct of large affairs. Many teachers ought to be in other call ings, not necessarily because they are unfitted to teach, but because WHO IS SAFE? The sober and painful truth about the Montesano trial 13 that it is a grotesque miscarriage of justice. The seven convicted men were either guilty of wicked and wanton mur der of other men who had offended them not in the least, or committed any provocative act at the time of the tragedy or at any other time, or they slew in self-defense, and are guiltless and should have been set free. There is no denial of the act itself; only a vital dispute as to the motive. It was either outright assassina tlon or it was a justifiable act of self-protection. The jury seeks an impossible middle-ground and in ef feet denies that it was either mur der or self-defense. Sow already the over-eager prop agandists of leniency for murderers are saying that the jury did not con vict of murder in the first degree because it could not endure the thought of hanging fellow-beings. The explanation is not only disin penuous; it is false. The law in "Washington authorizes a Jury to fix the penalty for first-degree murder cither at execution or at life impris onment. But the Montesano jury by its verdict stipulated that the convicted I. W. W. should neither bo hanged nor soiit to-prison for the remainder of their years. True, a judge may sentence for life, but any one sent up for second-degree mur der is eligible for parole after the period of the minimum sentence ten years has expired. The travesty of the Montesano mistrial consists in the fact that it is a judicial compromise with crime In its blackest form. If not that, it is conviction of innocent men. Who pretends that the seven were innocent men? It is not at all a question as to whether or not murderers shall be hanged, or imprisoned for life. It is a question of right or wrong, jus tice or the failure of justice, law or the breakdown of law. Who is safe if the supremacy of law is not to be maintained, if the machinery of justice breaks down or even slows down? . SHINGLES. WORK AND MONET. "Sawed shingles," chronicles the authentic Twenty - Five - Tears - Ago department of The Oregonian, "the test in the market, are now to be purchased for $1.10 a thousand. A few years ago they sold for $2.75." Shingles are symbolic of the times. In those halcyon days everybody had shingles, but nobody, alas! had any money. That is the reason they were cheap. Nowadays everybody has money, but not everybody has shingles. That is the reason the price has gone ballooning until it is $6.50 per thousand. Kven laths, made out of lumber waste are around $15 per thousand. Lumber has increased four-fold in value, and all building materials have gone up in similar scale. Nobody would go back to the times when nobody could sell anything because nobody else had the where with to buy. But everybody knows that the sky is not the limit and that sooner or later there must be a better balance between production and consumption between the abil ity and willingness to produce and the wherewith to buy. The sovereign remedy of economic disorder Is work. Too many men and women have been trying to find a substitute, but there is none. When the world settles down to work, full time, other problems which plague mankind now will tend to solve themselves." for a term of years the sum which j they have potential capacity for lead would be spent in a war brought ership. Private industry is more on by unpreparedness. If half the : likely to take the trouble to place cost of the war had been expended tits employes in positions where they In the twenty . preceding years on can do their best work and to pay training the young men, providing equipment for them and building a navy superior to that of Germany, it is highly probable that there would have been no war and that the other half of our war bill would not have been incurred. 1 THE ADRIATIC AND THE LEAGCE. By refusing his consent to with drawal of the Adriatic agreement of December 9 except to be replaced by an agreement directly negotiated by Italy and Jugo-Slavla. President Wil son sets up that document in oppo sition to the treaty of London. F 'ranee, Britain and Italy offered the treaty to Jugo-Slavia as the sole al ternative to the plan upon which they agreed on January 14 without the co-operation of the United States, but they are now called upon to stand by their agreement of Decem ber 9, which is now acceptable to neither Italy nor Jugo-Slavia. With the possibility that he may withdraw the Versailles treaty from the sen ate if his terms are not acceded to, Mr. Wilson holds a strong hand as against the allies. But his position toward the senate and the American people becomes weaker. The Adriatic controversy puts a new argument in the hands of those senators who object to binding this country to armed intervention under article 10 without express authority of congress, for it is a de batable question whether this country would wish to take either side in the quarrel, if it should lead to war. Yet there is clearly atwo-thirds majority in the senate in favor of American membership in the league, though 'those who compose the two-thirds disagree as to reservations. They arc supported by much more than two-thirds of the people. A prac tical declaration by the president that the United States would have nothing to do with the league unless he could have his way about the Adriatic disriute would show a dis-' LET THE STATES BCILD THE ROADS, The Townsend road bill is a typical move for centralization on the part of men from states which have the most votes and which would there fore get the largest share of the benefits. The majority of a national commisison of five would surely be chosen from the thickly populated states east of the Rocky mountains. which have the most votes in con gress, and the west would be lucky to get one member. Road-building would be distributed in the same manner. The strongest equitable claim to government aid In road-building is that of the west. In the west the government holds 'ast areas of land exempt from taxation and, while congress was making up its mind what to do with the most valuable of these lands, it has kept the west in a state of arrested development. In order to connect cities and set tlements the states have had to build roads across these broad tracts, which contribute nothing to the cost. Not till Jhe Shackleford bill was passed did the government begin to pay its fair share. Unless the Town- send bill contained mandatory pro vision for recognition of these equi ties, the west would still have to bear the whole or a disproportionate share of the cost. Highways are not a fit subject for direct, federal control. In their de velopment the state is the proper unit, for their main use is for com munication within areas no larger than a western state, between the chief centers and from all directions to the state capital. The chief, in terest of the nation is in having main highways connect at state lines, and this can be insured by the self-inter est of the statesconcerned. The only section where a well planned system of local roads needs to cross state lines is in the vest-pocket states of New Kngland, but they can be trusted to link up their roads. Broad national policy dictates that the government stimulate develop ment of the west, both by encourag ing use of the public domain -and by extension of the highways system. One of the chief causes of delay in meeting the war emergency was con centration of industry and congestion of traffice in the country east of the Mississippi river. A network of highways through the west would go far to remedy this condition. It can best be built by the states with fed eral aid. Power to withhold govern ment funds is an ample preventive of unwise schemes. HELP FOR BRAVE POLAND. The call for a fund to relieve Po land should meet with a liberal re sponse, first as a summons of hu manity and second as aid to a nation which Is making a valiant fight for democracy under circumstances which would appal a less dauntless. When the Poles regained posses sion of their country from the beaten Germans and Austrians, two-thirds of its rich agricultural land had been laid waste, .its factories had been gutted of machinery and material, little rolling stock. For a year its railroads were in bad repair with little rolling stock. For ayear its people have lived on very limited ra tions, largely derived from the relief. rund entrusted by congress to Her bert Hoover, who has supplied milk to keep a million babies alive. They are so short of clothes that only one fifth of the soldiers on the Russian front have enough to withstand the rigors of winter. An epidemic of typhus has been brought in by Rus sian refugees and has swept off whole villages, the country having few doctors and nurses and being al most devoid of hospitals and medi cines. . With all these troubles to contend against, Poland maintains an army of 500.000 men on the Russian front, has driven back the bolshevists 250 miles and still holds them at bay, though the whole red army Is now gathering against it It stands as a barrier to prevent red Russia from joining hands with militarist Ger many in spreading its horrors over western Europe and extinguishing a thousand years of civilization. Against almost insuperable obstacles it is establishing a genuinely demo cratic state in a land rescued from the grip of three autocracies. Sucih a nation should arouse the sympathy and admiration of all Americans. them accordingly. It seems to be agreed by both these education ex perts that rfo profession can compete with business in the mere matter of remuneration, where that is the end sought. There is for women, who largely constitute the teaching force, a wider choice than there used to be both with reference to salary and congeniality of employment. The outlook would seem to be therefore that the old type who taught because there was nothing else to do will be eliminated gradually, but it is not so easy to solve the problem of re placing them. All agree that sal aries must obey the tre-nd of the cost of living, but other adjustments suggested are much harder to reduce (to a formula. The appeal to women to fit themselves as teachers on the ground that child psychology and teaching ought to be the part of every woman's education in domes ticity, made by some educators, seems somehow futile. Such a re organization of the school system as would offer larger opportunities for advancement, even if entrance salaries were not much increased, has possibilities of sorts, but would need careful consideration by ex perienced and far-sighted adminis trators. It is clear only that the salary issue is not the whole of the teacher famine problem. .It is prob ably true, as Dr. Davis suggests, that the latter will never be solved until it is studied from the point of view of science and statesmanship, and not as an exercise in local politics. FALSE ECONOMY ON THE NAVTf. As usual after war, difficulty is experienced in enlisting men in the navy and in securing repairs for con struction and repair of warships. Advances in naval pay have not kept pace with those in the merchant service, and- life on merchant ships is more varied and under less dis cipline than that in the navy. Con sequently young men turn from the navy to ships of trade. Secretary Daniels has asked for higher pay, but runs counter to the striving for economy in congress, The same difficulty is encountered in obtaining money for repairs. As CLERGYMEN SCIENTISTS. The discovery by a New England clergyman of two comets is a re minder that it was also a clergyman. Jeremiah Horrocks, who first ob served the transit of Venus, and the circumstances under which the ob servation was made also suggest that times have changed greatly since the seventeenth century, in which Horrocks lived. He almost aban doned his attempt to verify what he believed to be a scientific truth be cause he found that it would require him to use his telescope on a Sunday, but 'at length compromised with his conscience by working at his astron omical task between church serv ices, and science was enriched ac cordingly. He was only 23 when he died. j Other ministers have from time to time refuted the often - made assertion that scientific research is not compatible with a spiritual call ing. Father George Mendel, the Austrian monk, who- developed the Mendelian theory of heredity in plants and animals, was another con spicuous example. A good many others have inspired scientific work ers, as Henslow did Darwin. Scien tific research in modern days is both a vocation and an avocation in which all may engage. regard of public opinion which 1 the navy grows, expenditures on this would be without precedent even in , account necessarily increase unless his administration. The president is on firmer ground in refusing to be bound by the treaty of London, to which this country was the money spent on building new ships is to be wasted, yet congress cut the regular appropriation from $75,000,000 to $30,000,000 and with not a party and of which he was not, reluctance voted an additional $3, Xormally informed until the peace 000,000 to "keep work going for the conference met. If the allies wanted the United States to recognize that treaty, they should have asked for American endorsement of it at the time when the United States declared war on Germany, for from that date our efforts contributed to defeat of Austria, though we did not declare war on that country till later. But it was incumbent on Mr. Wilson before ha led this country into partnership with the allies to Inquire what con tracts they had made among them selves and to give adhesion to or de clare his dissent from them. He might easily have inferred from the circumstances under which Italy joined the allies that its part in the ultimate settlement was arranged at that time. Unwilling as Americans would be to takea hand in a war for Adriatic territory in which they have no in terest, those who have looked into the merits of the case will be more inclined to sympathize with Jugo-; Slavia than with Italy.' In making the treaty of London, the allies sacri ficed Serbia to win Italy. They might have saved Serbia from in vasion by sending an army to help -it In holding the line of the Danube and Save rivers, but they sent it to Gallipoli, in order to please both rest of this fiscal year. Half the ships on the Atlantic coast were tied up and were depreciating at the rate of 5 per cent a month, and the organization of skilled workmen at the navy-yards was breaking up. With half of the enlarged navy on the Pacific coast, additional bases and repair facilities are needed, for the power 'of a fleet is limited by the capacity of facilities to supply and repair it The additions to the Mare Island, Bremerton and Pearl Harbor yards and the proposed new bases at Astoria. Port Angeles and San Diego -for which Mr. Daniels asks, will not exceed the navy's needs, but his recent experience in dicates that he will have difficulty in getting the money. In its effort at ecdnomy, congress should study what is economy. To leave ships, on which ens of millions have been spent, rusting in yards for lack of repairs or crews is not econ omy: it is waste. To maintain a fleet on the Pacific ocean which has not sufficient bases and repair plants in easy reach is not economy; it is waste of a large proportion of' the original expenditure. It is worse than that; it is risking our safety on the ocean which, by common con sent of men of all nations who speak ! A TRAP SET FOR FARMERS' VOTES. Members of the house from the granger states, with an eye to the farmer vote, are trying to get loans for farmers from the federal farm loan board without expense to the farmer, and for that reason have voted down the conference report on an amendment of the rural credit law. The conferees accepted an amendment by the senate requiring farm loan associations, when re quired by the farm loan board, to charge up to 1 per cent to appli cants for loans, in order to provide funds for the association's expenses. This provision was attacked by the granger members as a scheme to cinch the borrower in order to pay high salaries to the secretary-treasurer and to make the way of private loan agents easier. If these members win, the rural credit system is not likely to ex pand, and its pretended champions will be responsible. A farmer ap plies for membership in a farm loan association for the purpose of getting a loan, which the associa tion must guarantee. Before ac cepting him as a member, it must therefore examine his farm to de termine whether the security is good. That involves some expense, which somebody must pay. As the new member wants the loan, he should pay. If the association had to pay, it would want no new members and would become a close corporation. If the full 1 per cent were charged which is not contemplated, it would not be a burden for a loan to run for thirty-six years. Private loan agents charge at least as -much commission plus expenses for a five-year loan and charge it again every time th loah is renewed. Having no induce ment to accept new members and a strong inducement not to accept them, farm loan associations may block granting of new loans. Once more the vociferous friends of the farmer seem to have done him an injury and to have improved th field for the private loan agent. That is usually the way with politicians who set a trap for votes by a speclou: pretense of defending the cause of some class or of swatting its en emies. We have seen the game played time and again with regard to railroads, other public utilities, taxes and other things. They lead their' dupes to forget the rule that no man can get something for noth ing and that if he does not pay the full value, he will get just as much as he pays for, and no more. BY-PRODI CTS OK THE TIMES World Famous Beverage Starred1 la Movie, "The Gift of Heaven. "Strong as death, hot as h 1 and sweet as the love of a woman" that was the great Duke of Talleyrand's idea of the right kind of coffee as he expressed it after one of the Napol eonic battles. Charles Dickens' ids of American coffee, expressed after his memorable visit was "A mess of slops." But since the days of Dick ens and Napoleon the world, includ ing statesmen, war heroes and au thors, has learned more about coffee, good coffee, and how to make and drink it. "Coffee week" in the United States, by mandate of the National Coffee Roasters' association, the- joint cof fee trade publicity committees, gro cery associations and the general public, has been fixed for the week of March 29-April 4, when there will be great doings. One of the prin cipal features of the celebration will be the exhibition tn the motion pic ture theaters of the country of a. mo tion picture entitled. "The Gift o Heaven." Months were spent by a corps o directors and camera men In eecur ing the proper scenes in South Amer ica, and weeks were consumed In the studio at Fort Lee. N. J.; the Balti more hotel, old coffee houses through out the country and other locations in securing omer scenes lor ttie pit; tures. Interwoven throughout the picture is a romance in which Ruth Dwyer plays the feminine lead. The Hotel Baltimore's coffee room and some of the oldest and quaintest cof fee houses that could be found in various parts of the country, as well as other locations, figure in the pic ture. Those Who Come and Go. To find four men for work on his ranch, K. Gordon Shown of Twicken ham has come to Portland and Is at the Imperial. Mr. Shown is a large land owner and has men on his plant, but he needs four more, one of whom must be a gardner, for Mr. Shown wants six acres put into garden truck for his family and staff This gives some idea of the extent of his opera tions. He is not the biggest sheep I rJ u ,ower jn the army than , clviI ana lana owner in . but there are not many who exceed JIOItK COVl.(Ii THAS KSSAVSl Kiperlence ia Training Camps More j Reliable Tkaa Baeon and Kmeraoa. . PORTLAND, March 13. (To the B:ditor.) I have t confess that the most of "Father's" letter in regard to universal training ia over my head. I do not understand it alk but I have endeavored to get at the meat of it. and I believe he puts forth the fol lowing premises: -(1) That the army medical reports of all the armies In the world show that the moral stand- More Truth Than Poetry. By James J. Moatacae. An interesting problem would be to determine at what age a woman ceases to be sane. In the Boise valley last week a wife with grpwn children desired to attend a pie social. The husband, plowing all day, was too tired to go; so the woman took strychnine with fatal effect. There fore arises the problem. Byran will have a birthday Friday and he's "going like sixty" for the next few weeks. Portland is not on his itinerary, but It looks like Hon Milton A. Miller might entice him this way. The Bavarian monarchy, reported re-established, was the best and most decent of the bunch before the un pleasantness. It was thoroughly German, but not Prussian. MORE FUNDAMENTAL THAN WAGES. Dr. George S. Davis, president of Hunter's college, most of the gradu ates from which become teachers in the schools of New York city, has reached the conclusion that the teacher shortage that exists through out the country is due only in part to inadequate salaries, although un derpayment is a factor that must be considered. The real reason for present conditions, he holds, is much more fundamental. It consists of a number of elements, one being that women are no longer compelled to adopt teaching as a profession be cause it is the .only thing they are permitted to do. Even if salaries were increased the drift into other employments would continue, he believes, so long as teaching re mained otherwise as it now is. He seems to believe that the public must be aroused to realization that some of its notions, such as that teaching in itself is fascinating, are erroneous. For example: The claim that teaching ts more re fined, has shorter hours, involves less strain than office work is pretty well' ex ploded. The mental strain of teaching consists in adapting one's self to the minds of the younR. preparing lessons., presenting a fresh subject every day. doing' work that Is never finished. "With the present conditions of some of our city schools, teaching can hardly be called refined or pleasant. Another reason for the shortage of teachers is that there is a short age of every other kind of labor. Education heretofore has always de pended on women to qualify as teachers, no matter what other pro fessions called away the men. But now women have been economically as well as politically emancipated, and see visions of service in which individuality can count. It is per haps significant that of the large numbers who have resigned in the past year from positions in the New York schools, the greater proportion had had experience of from four to fifteen years. They were neither the novices nor those who might be supposed to have given up in despair, but were in the period of their greatest usefulness and prob ably of greatest hopefulness. It would be illuminating to ascertain how many of them were attracted by the prospect of greater recognition of ability, or of better chances for ad vancement, regardless of initial salary. Howard W. Nudd, director of the Public Education association of New York, also thinks that if wages were immediately advanced all around there would not be a much greater supply of new teachers than there now appears to be. He is in clined to blame, - among other things, the fact that members of the profession "are tied down to a system as rigid as a steel frame for the methods of their teaching." It will be an interesting problem so to arrange matters that teachers may have room to express Individ- Germany's-new chancellor may be uality and to employ initiative, with-! said to Kapp the climax The thief who stole 100 baby chicks from an east side 'chicken house steered away from the old danger of counting his chickens be fore they were hatched. Twenty-seven Princeton seniors have confessed that they never kissed a girl. Evidently they stand in need of something more than a college education. And now Mr. Hearst may run for president. We hope he is in good training, for he will have to run a long distance. The ex-katser, when he heard the news, grabbed his hat (metaphor ically speaking) 'and ran to and fro in nervous tension. Sic 'em, Kaise! Hoover still is talking food, but better would talk politics if he would know "where he is at "This has been notoriously the town for quick returns lately," writes Her bert Corey from New York. "Ever since the stock market began to boil the streets have been so full of new made millionaires that the traffic cops had to make rules .bout their crossing tne streets, brokers usea to compare notes on the millionaire population In their front offices. At night the hotel corridors were filled with men swapping tips. The odd part was that almost any tip at all made good. "But the players remained players. None, so far as I have heard, de veloped into real operators. Conse quently they overstayed their mar ket, and consequently the millionaire colony has been squeezed 4ike a lemon. There are men downtown who still wear the fur coats they bought in their days of opulence, but who nowadays panhandle their friends for dinner money. One man moved hiB family of 12 from upper east side flat to a house he had purchased, completely furnished, on the upper west side. Now he has sold nis house and moved back again to the flat. 'He made the complete circuit in just 0 days." Lord Fisher writes even more letters than Admiral SimB. An issue of the London Times is incomplete without a few snappy words from him. His latest comments deal with bolshe vism. Do they truly explain the phenomenon? "Newton saw an apple fall and de duced gravitation. You and I might have seen millions of apples fall and only deduced pig-feeding. It's the same story about bolshevism. We want some Newtonian Cromwell to enunciate that bolshevism ts the re action from repressed Freedom. Ar menian end Georgian republics are going to be suppressed, and thus bol shevism propagated by perpetuating Turkish misrule in Asia. Englan herself is not free, so bolshevism rears its head. A threat to dissolv parliament makes its recalcitran members feed out of the prime min isters' hand. Did not some hundreds of them send a telegram "to Faris They can't save Armenia and Georgi If they want to. They don't repre sent the masses of this nation. It' the baldest, richest, effetest lious of commons we ever had. Look at th untrammeled, unparalleled, wanton waste everywhere In every depart ment. And business men fettered by unbusiness fools. Innumerable tons of shipping now in our harbors wait ing to be unloaded. Who loaded them?" him. He arrived in Wheeler county With his pack on his back and made good by hard work, the same as scores of others have in that country. Mr. Shown is another of the fellows who came from Mountain City. Tenn., Wheeler and adjacent counties being well sprinkled with them. Mr. Shown has 4000 sheep, the government regu lations on range limiting his activi ties as well as others. Four hundred acres he irrigates with a 12-inch pump from the John Day river, rais ing alfalfa, mostly, for his sheep. The sheepman says he intends remaining In Portland .until he gets the four men he'needs so badly. He has been a member of the leg islature, the mayor of Newport and now he is a councilman there. Such is the record of Sam '5. Irvln. who is taking a look-see in Portland at present. Mr. Irvln says the Port of NewDort and the government may come to terms by which the govern ment will dispose of the spruce rail road, north from there. The road cost about $1,500,000 and. it is said, the government might agree to take $400,000 from the'port commission. It was in the vicinity of Newport that government geologists, last summer, thought they we're about to find ideal conditions for oil. They found the oil-making shale in the cliffs but the strata, or whatever they call it, dipped out toward the sea, and, con sequently. It was impossible to ascer tain whether the oil making shale had the necessary sandstone above it with an impervious skin of other formation above It. The geologists admitted that there may be a splendid oil field about ten miles off the coast at that spot, but If so, It isn't likely to do anyone much good. City School Superintendent Hug of Mc.Minnville who was at the Im perial yesterday, broke the weight throwing record once. Ills rival was Dow V. Walker. Mr. Hug Is a small lsh man who would not be suspected as a weight tosscr, while Mr. Walker s about as big as the side or a Darn Mr. Walker had Just about cleaned up the contest when he turned to mi Hayward. his trainer, and said: "I've got the little fellow beat." Mr. Hug overheard the remark and it mado him mad. so determined to beat Mr. Walker at all costs, he threw tne weight with such mighty force that wnen it. lannea ne nau uioiw-u record. Mr. Hug is a familiar figure in the lobby at the legislature, for he takes a keen Interest in educa tional legislation and Just now he is putting in a few kind words for the millage amendment for the university, state college and state normal school. Free from the cares of office. Judge William D. Barnes of Bend was the Imperial yesterday. Judge Barnes is an exception to the rule of public officials, for he resigned office a fetv days ago. While In office, the judge nagged the state highway commission to do something in Deschutes county faster than the commission was moving, but this did not satisfy some of the. Deschutes people, even wnen the Judge had got action on location of The Dalles-California ntgnway from Bnd to the Jefferson county line; arranged for contract for grad ing and graveling the same; got a promise for a survey from Redmond to Sisters and some more cinder sur facing for The Dalles-California high way south. 'Anyway, the Judge wont have to appeal before the commls- ion when it meets next week. "Number eight" was the fastest eastbound train on one of the great trunk lines. Nothing is more annoy ing to the authorities of the road than to have this train delayed, even for five minutes, by inferior trains. But it happened that it was once de tained for fifteen minutes at Friend ship, New York, a little town on tin Allegheny division, by a westbound freight. The dolay was, of course, reported by the conductor of number eight to the superintendent at Horncllsville, and the superintendent telegraphed the guilty freight eonductor, asking for an explanation, as to why the flier' had been detained. The freight conductor, a man with a turn for rhyme. Bent back the following re ply: The wind was high; the pteam was low; The train was heavy and hard to tow; The coat was poor, 'twas mostly slate- Hence the detention of "Number Eight.' But the conductor's "poem" did not save him from doing penance, ten days off duty, without pay. The Montesano verdict reminds of the time Haywood and others were acquitted at Boise- Hoover and Hearst or Hearst and Hoover! Gadzooks! That would catch 'em! A Portland man the handsomest senior at Princeton! Oh, baby! When William Gibbs McAdoo ap peared recently before John Barton Payne, the new secretary of the in terior, to argue a shipping case, he referred several times to an opinion by a learned jurist which, he inti mated, was the view of Judge Payne apd himself. Finally, Mr. Payne in Mr. McAdoo, did you ever hearthe tory of Henry Watterson, Henry Grady and Chauncey Depew?" "No," Mr. McAdoo replied, some what nonplussed. It was this way," Mr. Payne ex plained. "Watterson was walking down Pennsylvania avenue one day with Mr. Depew and he chanced to remark that he, Depew and Henry Grady were the only living really great American orators." - "Why mention Grady, he's not here!" Depew Interrupted. A sad story reaches us from south west London. It appears that a girl of 20 attempted suicide because she Wallowa county isn't getting a square deal, contends S. L. Burnaush. representative from waiiowa ana Union counties in the legislature. He points out th.it Wallowa county is almost as rich as Washington county, but while Washington county has thfee representatives in the legisla ture. Wallowa county has only hr.lf a representative, since it has to Join forces with Union county. At the 1921 session the representation of the state will have to be reapportioned, based on new census figures, and if he is In the legislature, ns he hopes to be, for he is a candidate for re election, Mr. Burnaugh is going to make a holler to see that Wallowa Isn't overlooked. Mr. Burnaugh is a democrat and a druggist and his postoffice is at Enterprise, a town which lives up to its name. life; (2) that Emerson and Bacon say that we must have good com panions or our morals will suffer; (3) that If we have a trained civilian army the nations of Europe will seek a war with us and we will be "en gulfed In the vortex of European militarism"; (4) that If we continue In our chronic state of unprepared ness the nations of Europe will take pity on un and will not attack us. and (5) that I think that anyone who se lects his associates is a snob. I do not know what the army medical reports of all the armies In the world will show, but T do know that the medical reports of our army show that the number of our soldiers who entered our army during 1917 with venereal diseases was over Is per cant and that the number who had these diseases In France was only slightly over 1 per cent: 1 also know that a drunken soldier In our recent army was almost an unknown quan tity, and that gambling in our na tional army camps was very rare. I have taken this army training twice, and have helped to train hun dreds of young men under the same system, and in the face of this prac tical experience I decline to accept as an authority Emerson, Bacon or any other theorist of the' past cen tury or centuries. I also think so well of It that 1 am determined that my two boys shall take It if they have to serve an enlistment in the army to get it. I intend to give them such a good moral foundation before hand, however, that I shall have no fear that they will he contaminated by the few evil associates they w ill meet. I am unable to see that our state of preparedness will In any way affect the actions of the nations of Htirope. It is very evident that none of them take the league of nations seriously, and ail of them are even now pre paring for the next war. It is my opinion that the greatest controlling factor of our entering the last war was our state of unpreparedness and Germany's consequent contempt for our ability to affect the flnnl result, and furthermore I firmly believe that if we had had an army of a million trained soldiers Germany would have treated us with far more respect. Whether we enter the league of na tions or not we shall always be In danger of war. and the, only fair and democratic way to prepare for such an emergency Is to see that all our potential soldiers have somo degree of training. There is no doubt that every hu man being in some manner chooses his sssoclates, and it Is human na ture to seek congenial companions and avoid uncongenial ones. Yet the fact remains that he who .adopts a "holler-than-thqu" attitude in making his choice Is usually a grand snob. "Father" very glibly cites the ex ample of "the purest life that ever lived" in choosing his companions, but seems to forget that he chose to associate with "publicans and sin ners" and lowly fishermen. A. BARNES. T II K.N AMI Mm. If all the good old tales are truo. the cave man. when he went to woo" Would grab a rail, ami club his frail I mil Khe learned to love him. The maiden, o the stories say. when t-ouried in this curious way Wna quite content to wed the gent. And thought the whole world of him. If we could woo In such s style, our courtships would be well worth while; We needn't slave and scrimp and save For candy, shows and flowers. It wouldn't need a ring or pin. a charming lady's heart to win. We'd take a rock and tap her block. And lo! She would be ours! But if we tried to win a maid as did the cave man. we're afraid She'd turn on u and fume and fuss And make thing-, unite unplciifant. This theory of courtship may lie suited to an elder day. But Just the same, li s not a same. That's safe to play at present. And we suspect. If truth were told. that ricti In the days of obi. When cave men tried tn win a bride. By bending saplings double Across her preny little head, that he Instead of (totting wed More often got an awful lot Of beating for his trouble. ftlaadln Pal. Meat Trices I rcltnlns I lea il line Declining to decline, apparently. After tar Itee.rd Mr. Colby has been secretary of stats for four weeks, which Is. In the present rahlnet. practically perma nent tenure. Merely a t-'la l.ealure. I'nless New J.-r-ey Intends to secede from the t'nion. it would seem thai that 3.60 per cent beer law was large ly rhetorical. (Copyright, 10?rt. T.y the Bell Syndi cate. Inc.) Our Boys. Ily (.race I- Hall O, some inarched away with a Jaunt t rend When the drums of the war were sounr' ig. And some marched, too. with hiRh I'lutiK head. And hearts thnt were llcht ami bounding: But the drum. drum, drum heal l' "I 'nine. Come. Come" fn I lie souls of a million brave. Who marched In step to the hep, hrp. hep. With a solemn nieln. and true COURT RILIXG IS QIESTIOXED J. H. Fenn comes from the town which is the worry of the rum run ners on the Pacific highway. Mr. Fenn is at the Imperial from Canyon vllle. At this town there Is a-bridge where all the north and southbound traffic must pass on California trips. On this bridge there Is a regular man-trap by which automobiles can be stopped and sea raited, and there have been more spectacular arrests and attempted "escapes of bootleggers at the Canyonville bridge in Douglas county than at any other point In the state. Officers there da not hesitate to shoot and a few people have been plugged, not to mention the perfora tions of tirs. Registered frorre. Powers at the Im perial is Mrs. Myrtle Bcstrel and child. Powers is unique In several re spects and one of the reasons Is that logging operations are conducted there 3000 feet above sea level, al though Powers ts in Coos county and is not many miles from the Pacific ocean. No other logging operations in Oregon are conducted at such an alti tude. It Is said, and certainly there are no others along the coast. The logs are railroaded down to the mills at Coos bay. W. C. Barber,. who Is an attorney at Culver, Or., Is registered at the Per kins. Yesterday his brother parked his machine at the entrance, walked in and inquired of Clerk Thompson If Mr. Barber was in. Then he walked out and found a card on his auto mobile announcing that he had vio lated the traffic ordinance and must report at police headquarters this morning. rne roruana xnr. uarDer. according to Mr. Thompson, couldn't have been absent from the machine two minutes. Tvgh valley was a hole In the ground when A. A. Bonney first ar rived there, but the valley loked good and he decided to remain. That was ears ago and he still ranches In the valley. Mr. Bonney came to the Per kins yesterday to see how Portland has grown since his former visit. In Tillamook county many of the natives get confused when they dis cuss Mr. Edmunds, for there are two him. One is G. A Edmunds of Tillamook city and the other is D. T. Edmunds of Pacific City. The Ed munds are registered at the Hotel Oregon. Major R. J. Vaughan of Heppner nd H.A. Cohn of the same place ar rived in town yesterday to look after little matter of particular Import ance to the town of Heppner. They registered at the Imperial. i E. Pederson manager of the Willapa Governor and Secretary of State Of fices Held la Mliup. SALEM, Or., March 12. To the Editor.) According to the opinion handed down by the Oregon supreme court, written by Justice Johns and concurred In by Justice Bennett, Bean and McBride, Mr. Olcott will be governor In fact for two years longer than the term for which he was elect ed as secretary of state, notwith standing the section quoted below. which plHlnly says. "In case of the removal of the governor from office, his death, reals-nation, 'or Inability to discharge the duties of the office, the same shall devolve on the secretary of state." Why, then, will not the duties of governor devolve upon -Mr. uicoua successor as secretary of state? Then there would be no more of a vacancy than at the present time. Why could not the supreme court have selected any qualified elector to perform the duties of governor? Why name Mr. Olcott. as he ceases to be secretary of state when Ins successor Is elected and qnaliiied? Why pass the election of governor over the regular election of and not fill the office by a vote of the people? If Mr. Olcott should resign the of fice of secretary of state before his term expires, could he continue to per form the duties as governor, under the section quoted, or would the president of the senate become gov ernor? ARTICLE V. Section 8. In Case of Vacancy or Disability "In cafe of the removal of the gov ernor from office, of his death, resig nation, or Inability to discharge the duties of the office, the same shall devolve on the secretary of state; and In case of the removal from office, death, resignation, or Inability, both of the governor and secretary of I state, the president of the senate shall act as governor, until the dis ability be removed, or a governor elected." In reading the above section of the constitution of the state of Ore gon, you will note this wording is used. "The duties of the office, the same shall devolve on the secretary of state." The definition of "devolve" as given by Webster: 1. To roll onward or downward, to pass on. 2. To transfer from one person to another. A passing or devolving upon a successor. 3. To pass by transmission or suc cession; to be handed over or down ward. - It Is to be understood by this, that the duties of the office not the of fice. Is handed down to the secretary of state. From the above you can see the secretary of state is not tor go up. but the duties of the governor to be performed by an officer below. Why Is It that the governor and secretary of state are not elected at the same time? It is owing to the dea'th of Secretary Benson, whom Ol cott succeeded. Previous to thst time both officers, governor and c- fetary, were elected at ths same time, now the .election of governor and secretary of state Is two years apart. O, anil thej they marched away fought as men When death and defeat seemed near. And the stories thrill with the strength of them -Great souls that were free from fear; O, the "Come, Come, Come" of the the rattling drum Has beat out the Klad refrain. As they marched In step to the hrp. hep. hep, While the whole world smiled again. Yea, smiled again for the lads re turned. But they march with their deed-, untold. Save as we note on the modest coat An emblem of hronse or gold; They pass today in the turgid sway Of the world's unresting marts. And the only boast from this loyal host la the emblems nbovc their hearts. In Other Days. Twealy-r'lte Ti ears s. Fro-n Tbe Oeeironisn. Mnr h M. tti'5. Washington. Secretary of Hate fin-sham has demanded an apolocv from the Spanih-h government because a gunboat fired on Ihe I'nited Stale" mall ship Alliance while it was pass ing Cuba in the Windward l'a-ace that is the regular route for steamers. Washington. Secretary Smith h overruled the commissioner of th' general land office In granting lam! selections made hy the state of Idaho where tracts are less than liio acres In area, but adjacent to other pultlic land that is Included to comprise that or greater area. Arguments In the Short Line re ceivership c.i e hi fore Jmlces Hcll- Inccr and Gilbert were finished yes terday and the decision will be mada by the court In a few days. An exciting game of basketball wa played last nluht In the gymnasium of the Young Men's Christian associa tion. This Is a new- game that ha Just been introduced here. realized she was too old to write Harbor Fish company at South Bend, either a popular novel or a dook or I wash- is registered at tne Muitnoman poems. -London Puncbi. with Mrs. Pederson. - If the same rule In election of gov ernor is followed, a new governor would be elected In 1920. otherwise, following strictly, should not ths duties of governor devolve upon the secretary of state elected in 1920, the same provisions obtained in th election of both officers? Why pass a general election when a vacancy in the office of governor exists? Would It not be wise to follow the recommendations of the special session of the legislature and amend section 8, article S, of the constitu tion? It might aleo be proper for all legislative candidates at the coming election to announce their position upon this question. COLONEL A, FARM Eft. . Klft.T tears Ago. Tem Tli Orrgonlsn, March lit. IfTiO. Washington. The supreme nujit today decided that the proxl; ions I courts r isi a hi isln d hy I'rceidctii firsnl in Louisiana and clt-rwhcr wereli-Kal t rllinna Is. Judge Stronc look the oath of office ntid was Installed a" associate Just ice. Madrid. The funeral of Prince Henri de Bourbon occurred today. Il l was killed InMantly In a duel wlt:i tbe fluke de PenMer. In which each of the duelists fired three shots. Ws.ihlns.ton. General Buller's hill to remove political disabilities. Juft passed by both housi s of congress, has been signed hy the president and re stores about 3000 porsona to full citi zenship. March 12 the members and officers of Multnomah "Engine company No 2 celebrated the 13th anniversary of It organization. , Kl I.FII.I.Mi:T. I can forgive forgUe When comes my hour to live; When from the dregs the new wine flows And hopes defeat attainment knows, I con forgive. I can forget forget When ail the past Is set Beneath my feet, a stepping stotie By which I rise and stand alone, I can forget. Forgive forget rejnlca When promise of a voire That urges ever be fulfilled. Then, every anguished moment stillel f can rejoice. JANKTTE MARTIN PLKASK f'LOKK THK DOOR. I'd never want to versify. For my best friend might testify 'Twas Just because I'm good for noth ing mora. But when the thoughts that crowd the most Are rushing ip, an eager host. What can I do, but pasa them through that door? Good. ' bad. Indifferent, they come! Welcomed few, many wearisome: So, kind Fate, w hen metres, measuies. Taking wing, like earthly treasure--. Shall leave me stranded ni the short, I'm btaded for I'll clin-e that dm . 1ALCULM.