p'-.T-:-'---.r::.?rA :-' --'.V1-' - i-'.i : .- .'.-- '-J 1. -x r. VOL. LIX. NO. 18,498 Entered at Portland (Oregon) Poytofflcp ay Srcond-Clasw Matter. PORTLAND OREGON, TUESDAY, MARCH 9, 1920 PRICE FIVE CENTS ARTIGLE 10 VIM, W. H. SAVAGE HEADS STATE ATTACKS INQUIRY ORDERED , DANIELS INDORSES ASTORIA NAVAL BASE GOV. HART DEFIED By SCHOOL HEAD OREGON WELCOMES ' RAIN; MORE COMING REMARKABLE WINTER DRY 'REDS' IN OREGON LIIEO TO SOVIET Trial of Communist Lead ers Is Opened. STATE FAIR BOARD AT HOFF'S REQUEST LIVESTOCK AREXA AXD ROADS COXDCCT OF STATE TREAS IMMEDIATE ACTIOX FAVORED . BY SECRETARY OF XAVY. TO BE BUILT. URER GOES TO GRAXD JURY. SPELL AT LAST BR OR EX. W i DEFEHS 1 " . -I , - NT-. vi Lodge Reservations Held Fatal to Treaty. OBLIGATION DECLARED CLEAR Idea of Recreant America Un thinkable, Says Chief. ISSUES HELD BECLOUDED President, In Letter to Senator Hitchcock, Restates Opposition to -XuIIifying Reservations." WASHINGTON. March 8. President Wilson restated for democratic sen ators today his opposition to any peace treaty reservations which would , weaken the full force ot article 10 or materially impair provisions of the league covenant. Without saying specifically what qualification he would or would not accept, he wrote to Senator Hitchcock, administration leader, that almost all reservations he had heard suggested were "in effect virtual nullifications of the treaty articles to which they applied. "I hear of reservationists and mild reservationists," the letter added, birt I cannot understand the difference be tween a nullifjer and a mild nulli ficr." Moral Ohllicatiou Clear. Discussing article 10, the president wrote that there was "no escaping the moral obligations expressed in positive terms in this article," though there could be no objection to ex plaining in an interpretation the con stitutional methods by which such an obligation would have to be fulfilled. J The "very heart" of the covenant, he reiterated, would be imperilled by weakening article 10. The letter, written in response to request that he confer with Sen ator Simmons of North Carolina, in " charge for.the democratic side of the senate in current negotiations for a compromise, follows: laaues Declared Clouded. My dear Senator Hitchcock: "I understand one or two of your colleagues do me the honor of desir ing to know what my views are with reference to article 10 of the league C nations an-J the effect upon the league ot the adoption of certain pro posed reservations to that article. 1 w elcome the opportunity to throw any light I can upon a subject which has become so singularly beclouded by misapprehension and misinterpreta tions of every Klna. There is no escaping the moral obligations which are expressed in positive terms in this article of the covenant. We won a moral victory over Germany far greater even than the military victory won on the field of battle, because the opinion of the world swung to our support and the support of the nations associated with tus in the great struggle. It did so because of our common profession and promise that we meant to establish an organization of peace which should make it certain that the com bined power of free nations would check every invasion of right and serve to make peace and justice the more secure by affording- a definite tribunal of opinion to which all must aubmit and by which every interna tional readjustment that cannot be amicably agreed upon by the people directly concerned shall be sanc tioned.' Pro ml sea Clear to AIL "This promise and assurance were written into the preliminaries of the armistice and into the preliminaries of the peace itself and constitute one cf the most sacred obligations ever assumed by any nation or body of na tions. It is unthinkable that America should set the example of ignoring such a solemn moral engagement. "J. feel that I could not look sol diers of our gallant armies in the face again if 1 did not do everything in my power to remove every obstacle in the way of the adoption of this particular article of the covenant because we made these pledges to them as well as to the rest of the world and it was to 'this cause that they deemed them selves devoted in the spirit of cru saders. "1 should be forever unfaithful to them if 1 did not do my utmost to ful fill the high purpose for which they fought. Methods Not ia Question. "I think we can dismiss from our minds the idea that it is necessary to stipulate in connection with article 10 the constitutional methods we should use in fulfilling our obliga tions under it. We gain nothing by sucb stipulations and secure nothing not already secured. It was under stood as a matter of course at the conference in Paris that whatever ob ligations any government assumed of whatever duties it undertook under the treaty would have to be fulfilled by its usual and established constitu tional methods of action. "Once or twice in meetings of the conference, when the treaty was un der consideration, 'reservations' were nade to that effect by the representa tives of individual powers and these 'reservations' wera Invariably re- ived in the way in which men who have met for business and not for talk always receive acts of scrupu lous supererogation listened to with Horse Show and Americanization Day to Be Features of 192 0 Show at Salem. SALEM, Or., March S. (Specia.) W. H. Savage of Corvallis was elected president of the state fair board here today to succeed M. L. Jones, who will retire from the board at expira tion of his term on April 1. A. C. Marsters of IJoseburg was named vice-president. The board approved plans for im proving the fair grounds through the construction of a system of macadam driveways and cement sidewalks at a cost estimated at between J 10,000 and J 15,000. An arena for the judging of livestock also was approved by the board and will be installed at a cost of IS000. The horse show will be among the features of this year's fair, according to a decision reached by the board, as will Americanization day which will fall on Friday. For this occasion there will be speakers of nation-wide prominence, and all persons natural ized during the year preceding the opening of the fair will be admitted to the grounds without charge. The premium list, which has been extended to include many classes of exhibits not exhibited heretofore, will represent funds 10 per . cent greater than posted at previous fairs. Another meeting of the board will be held next month, when additional plans for this year's fair will be com pleted, i Although James Linn of Salem, who will succeed Mr. Jones on the board, will not assume his duties until next month, he was seated at today'smeet- ing in orBer that he might get in touch with the plans being made for this year's event. Rebuttal Moves Swiftly With Sharp Thrusts. RAID ON HALL IS DENIED Vanderveer Makes but Little Headway in Quiz. LEGION MEN TAKE STAND Records of Hotel in Portland Used to Disprove Charge That Hub bard Instigated Attack. PRESIDENT OUT FOR RIDE Photographers Prohibited, Though He Looked Picture of Health. WASHINGTON, March S. President Wilson went riding today In an open automobile. He was accompanied by Mrs. Wilson, Rear-Admiral Grayson and Wilmer Boiling, Mrs. Wilson's brother. The president wore a heavy cloth overcoat and a golf cap. He looked the picture of health. It was his second public appearance since he took to his bed last October after his western tour. The police again prohibited photog raphers from taking pictures of the president A bright snn was shining, but some of the snow from last week's blizzard still was on the ground and a sharp wind was blowing. The president was out just an hour, driving through Rock Creek park. RICH GOLD JSTRIKES MADE Grant County Lead Yields Ore As saying $35,500 to Ton.. CANYON CITY, Or., March 8. (Special.) Several rich' strikes of gold quartz have been made lately in Grant county, the last being that made by Ralph Curl on Canyon mountain. about three miles east of Canyon City. Yesterday a report of assay was returned to Mr. Curl on an average sample from a five foot lead that he has been following. The assay report was $35,500 per ton. The lead is free milling ore. Franklyn Jensen, who has been working in the vicinity of BT BEN HUR LAMPMAN. MONTESANO, Wash., March 8. (Special.) Not until the paraders were under fire, with the whiz of bullets in their eaas, and with the windows of the 1. W. W. hall bursting to the blast of rifle, did legionnaires break ranks in Centralia's .Armistice day pageant. More than a score of youthful vet erans, participants in the parade and eyewitnesses of the tragedy testi fied to this effect today when called by the state in rebuttal," as wit nesses in the trial of the 10 Centralia radicals who are charged with the murder of Warren O. Grimm. Under cross-examination their testimony re mained practically unshaken. Rash After Fire Admitted. Of those who testified, two were service stripers who admit that they did race toward the hall with hostile intent but only after they realized that the ranks were under fire and heard shots from the hall Itself, whence the I, W. W. poured out a volley. These witnesses were Eugene "Dutch" Pfitzer of Chehalis and Lawrence Stevens of Centralia. Rebuttal testimony for the state moved swiftly 30 witnesses having undergone direct and cross-examination when court adjourned this after noon. In each instance, the testimony of the witness was directed by the state against some major contention of the defense and in several In stances toward the impeachment of testimony hitherto given by witnesses for the defense. "Rope" Ia Frayed Clothesline. The grisly significance of the "two coils of rope" carried by two civilians in the parade, according to witnesses who testified for the defense, was dissipated by rebuttal testimony to the effect that two paraders picked up a frayed piece of clothesline from the street and jested with it, and with one another, as the line moved for ward. Against the contention of the de fense that F. B. Hubbard, prominent Centralia business man, who has been charged by the I. W. W. with having sponsored a hostile conspiracy against Probe Likely to Consume Several Says Owing to Xature of Evi- "' dence to Be Heard. (Concluded on Page 5, Column S.) SALEM, Or., March 8. (Special.) Charges that O. P. Hoff, state treas urer, purchased for the state securi ties for which he paid exorbitant commissions to the brokers and that part of these securities were bought at a figure above the market quota tions are to undergo grand Jury in vestigation, according to a letter pre pared by Governor Olcott today and sent to Attorney-General Brown. Upon receipt of the governor's let ter Mr. Brown said that the main in vestigation probably would be con ducted by the Marion county grand jury, although other inquisitorial bodies misrht be summoned in the event of this being deemed necessary to make the probe of such scope as urged by the executive. The Marion county grand jury meets in Salem March 15 and it is not improbable, according to officials, that the persons making the charges against Mr. Hoff will be summoned to present their evi. dence on that day. Because of the nature of the evidence to be Intro duced, which will include the books and records of the treasurer, it is the opirfion cf officials that the inquiry will consume several days. Governor Olcott called the invest! gation upon the receipt of a letter from Mr. Hoff asking for a complete nquiry of the charges made against him bv a Portland newspaper. Mr. Hoff's letter to the governor reads In view of the recent articles pub lished in a Portland newspaper con cerning the purchase of securities by this department for the benefit of the industrial accident commission trust funds, wherein the method of han dling such trust funds has been ques tioned and the public led to assume that this trust is not -being properly safeguarded, I most respectfully re quest that you take steps looking to a thorough investigation of all matters concerning the conduct of this depart ment which, in your judgment, would best satisfy whatever interest the general public may have in the mat ter. The records of this department are. and always have been, subject to scrutiny by any and all who have felt an interest in the matter, but in light of the above, an investigation is es pecially desired at this time." In his letter to the attorney-general Governor Olcott said: 'Acting under the authority vested in me by section 2, chapter 196, of the general laws of Oregon of 1915, I am calling upon you to appear be fore the grand jury of competent jurisdiction for the purpose of man aging and conducting an inquiry and investigation into the matter of the purchase of securities by. the state treasurer's office. I desire the scope of this investigation to be sufficiently wide to cover all transactions' having to do with the purchase of securities by the state treasurer or his assist ants, and more particularly the trans actions covering purchases of bonds of the city of Warrenton, city of Reedsport, citjr of Monmouth, Port of Bay City, city of Oakland, city of Yamhill and city of Rainier, with the end in view that, the grand jury take such action, make such report or such Development of Pacific Held Es sential by Chief in Commit tee 3Iceting. WASHINGTON, March 8. Immedi ate and extensive enlargement of na val docking and basing facilities on the Pacific and legislation to provide a naval reserve force of at least 200, 000 were advocated today before the house naval committee by Secretary Daniels. The secretary asked authority to start construction of a new naval base on San Francisco bay below Mare island and urged that 810,000,000 be made available at once. He first estimated the cost at 875,000,000, but later said it might be done for J40, 000,000. Among the recommendations made by the secretary were: Establishment of submarine and de stroyer bases at Port Angeles, Wash., and Astoria, Or. Mr. Daniels requested permission to accept a tract of 115 acres of land from the city of Astoria free from incumbrance on which to build the proposed destroyer and submarine base. 1 Other recommendations were: Development of Pearl harbor, Ha waii, as a supply base for the fleet with facilities for repair and upkeep. Improvements at Guam.to permit of its serving as a fueling and repair station for ships en route to the far east and as a fueling base for United States merchant marine vessels. Enlargement of the naval base at Bremerton, Wash., to permit of caring for a larger quota of the fleet there. This yard should become one of the main repair and docking yards for capital ships," said Mr. Daniels. Development of San Diego, Cat, as the main base of the Pacific fleet while on the ' southern Pacific drill grounds. Ultimate establishment of a fueling and supply base in Alaska at a place to be determined later. Expressing the belief that in the next war as in the last the United States would send its troops into the enemy s country, Mr. Daniels said a large navy and strong naval reserve were "absolutely necessary." I Teachers to Meet During Special Session. OLYMPIA FACES CONGESTION Instructors Will Work for New Bills Is Belief. ' EXECUTIVE'S APPEALS VAIN Mrs. Josephine Corliss . Preston Fails to Comply With Requests for Postponed Meeting. BAN ALL TOBACCO IS AIM (Concluded on Page 2. Column 2.) Smokeless America by 1925 Is Dream of Anti-Cigarette League, CHICAGO, March 8. A smokeless America by 1925 Is the aim of the in ternational cigarette league, or ganized as successor to the anti-cigar ette league, it was announced here to day. N Save the girl," is one slogan, and an effort wiH"be made to enlist every girl in Chicago in the "clean life army of the league. "Bad habits are the beginning of criminal careers," explained Miss Lucy Page Gaston, executive superintcn- ent, telling why the cigarette habit should be squelched. A campaign for 8100,000 to carry on the league's work will begin soon, ac cording to Miss Gaston. Public schools and women's clubs will be enlisted in the cause as well as churches, if possible. ARE YOU GOING TO FEEL THIS WAY NEXT MAY? the Curl mine, also strike on his claim. reports a rich TENANTS PROTEST RENTS 1 1 San Francisco Hotel and Apart ment Men to Take Legal Action. SAN FRANCISCO, March 8. An-1 i nouncement that they will seek a writ I of mandate in the stats supreme court tomorrow directing the state railroad I commission to pass on high -partment I and hotel rates here was made by of ficials of the San Francisco Tenants' Protective association here today. This action was to be in addition to actions to be filed In the superior courts against alleged extortionate acts of certain landlords. An active campaign for new mem- I bers of the Tenants' Protective asso ciation was started today. GIRLS DEFY COLD RIVER Albany Young Folk Enjoy Swim in) Willamette Even if It Is Cold. ALBANY. Or., March 8. (Special.) Eight Albany young people went bathing in the Willamette here Sat urday and said they enjoyed their swim despite the fact that the water was, cold. It was a beautiful spring 4 The party of bathers was composed of Misses Glenna McDaniel, Orah Gil christ, Maude Miller, Olga Jackson and Ruth McDaniel and Kenneth Ross, Leonard Olene and Orville Smith. ' GOLD IMPORTS CONTINUE Shipment of I,250,000 on Way to C S. From England. NEW YORK, March 8. Gold val ued at $1,250,000 is being shipped from England today to this country, ac cording to announcement made here by Kuhn, Loeb & Co. This is the first large shipment in several months. Gold coin worth 83,000,000 also has been received from Canada at the sub treasury here. A large amount was received here from the same source : I ' I I feiNc Booths m . w - j yys vfMU T ' " t fegrrr,' -ursj 'VZA voutxrvAt j t InllMilll!l.lnilMlllllWll,ll,r.llll,,,Sl . Vfo OHrrWE. ook - ' ; 115: mmSTZ... TTPfeSS I I I -i ii . . . it I r II 1 I I , 1 k . i vwtn. - j - I i I A I W 111' L l I M I II 1 I I I I I I A IT I A A ,mf M I rK! I I I I I I I I I IT i a -sssta r-. i l l ii i 1 1 1 1 1 i i i - - ........ i OLYMPIA, Wash., March 8. (Spe cial.) Efforts to limit the work of the extraordinary session of the leg islature called by Governor, Louis F. Hart to convene March 22 to the mini mum required to ratify the federal suffrage amendment and, provide for continuing thestate educational in stitutions received a decided setback today when Mrs. Josephine Corliss Preston, state superintendent of pub lic instruction, refused to comply with the governor's telegraphic request that the state conference of county and city superintendents and city principals of public schools called to meet in Olympia on the opening day of the extra session to press legisla tive action to meet Imperative needs of the public schools of the state be deferred one week. Mrs. Preston Issued the call Satur day from Washington, D. C, and no. tices of the conference were being prepared at her office here today to be sent to public school superintend ents and teachers. Governor Hart, when advised th conference, which will bring several hundred school workers to the capi tal, had been called, addressed the following telegram to Mrs. Preston at Chicago, where she is today on her way to Olympia: "The legislature convenes In 'ex traordinary session March '22. This will test capacity of Olympia hotel accommodations to the lirnt. Would It be possible to defer the educational conference one week? If so, please wire Mrs. NageL" Superintendent Stands Tat. Mrs. Nagel is chief deputy in the office of the state superintendent of public instruction. Upon receipt of the reply to the governor's message, Mrs. Nagel declined to make pub lico the contents of the message, but announced that the notices would go forward for the conference on the date as first named by Mrs. Preston. It is understood the state superin tendent stands upon the declaration contained in the notices sent to the teachers, that."The people everywhere are interested in the people's greatest institution, the public school." Governor Hart at once sent a sec ond telegram to Mrs. Preston, whicn reads: 'You are evidently laboring under mistaken idea of work of extraordl nary session. Nothing is anticipated which can in any way affect public schools. Can you not defer state conference until 29th? "In the Interest of general public I beg you to assist us in holding the work of the legislature within rea sonable bounds." Noreply to the governor's second message had been received either at the executive offices, or at the office of the state superintendent at the closing hour and the notices for th conference were put in the mails this evening. Teacher Contemplate Bills. It is estimated the educational con ference will bring to the capital an array of educational talent several hundred strong prepared to give members unlimited argument on the merit of such legislation as may re sult from their deliberations upon programme outlined by the state su perintendents. Mrs. Preston has been quoted as favoring a special session when other state officials were ex ceedingly doubtful as to its expediency. She is known to have under con ideration a number of recommenda tions affecting the public school sys tem of the state which she will urge be enacted into law. Backed by the pressure possible with the large force of educators here from all countries In the state Mrs. Preston is appar ently not "laboring under a mistaken idea" as to what the legislature will do. Governor Hart today expressed con fidence that the work of the special session would be completed in two Precipitation Means Much to Farm ers Stor-tn Warnings Go Vp All Along Coast. After an unusual period of clear weather, almost without Interruption since the first of the year, yester day brought a rain storm which, ac cording to-weather reports, promises to be the curtain-raiser for a period of typical webfoot days. A drenching rain continued throughout most of the day, with now and then a brief respite, and the forecast last night was for more rain today. With the coming of the rain came a southeasterly wind which, on the coast, gave promise of developing into gales. Storm warnings went up all along the coast last night in anticipa tion of a period of slorm and gales, and the ocean, reported smooth at noon yesterday, was somewhat ruffled by evening. Measurement of the wind on the coast at 5 o'clock last night showed a movement of 48 miles per hour. With a deficiency in rainfall most unusual for this time of year, and recorded as 10.67 inches since Sep tember 1, the rainfall Is hailed with relief by farmers throughout this section. The total fall for the 21 hour period ended at 5 P. M. yes terday was .15 Inch. The forecast for today is for rain, with southerly winds, while the forecast for Oregon and Washington is for rain with southeasterly gales along the coast. That the rain Is widespread, ex tending practically throughout the northwest, is indicated by reports from the various weather stations I last night. From every observation point in the two states came mes sages of rain or of cloudy weather. Baker, Marshficld and noseburg in Oregon and Walla Walla, Tacoma and Seattle in Washington all reported rain, while Medford, North Yakima and Spokane reported cloudy weather. VIOLENT DOCTRINES' BARED Seizure of 'Government Is Openly Advocated. U'REN TAKES DEFENSE OMcr, llurt and Try Declared Only Dreamers Scrklng I topla In Quiet, Peaceful Mij. 2 MURDERERS EXECUTED Ohio Prison Guard Kills Self Be cause of Strain on Xerves. COLUMBUS, O.. March 9. A double electrocution took place at the Ohio penitentiary early this morning when Jacob Edinger and Edward Ness boih of Cincinnati, paid the death penalty for murder. Twenty minutes before the two men were marched to the death chamber, W. D. Shoemaker, a guard in the prison hospital, shot and killed himself. The double electro cution was said to have affected his nerves. 14 LOST ASJHIP SINKS Swedish Steamer Argo Is Fast In Baltic Sea. STOCKHOLM, March 8. Fourteen persons were drowned In the sink ing of the Swedish steamer Argo in the Baltic sea. INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS ilovi hut this view of the. nuesHnn of J j how long the lawmakers will be here t U not generally shared by other state 'officials. Reports coming to the capital indl- I . ...... : t . : , I cate inai vtw iuua vi a"izu.iiuiis .anu j interests will not overlook the oppor tunity presented by the fact that the special session is being held only a I few months In advante of primaries and general election and that legls I lative results will enter largely as a factor in both. That the state federation of labor will present a programme for legisla tive action was announced by Wil liam Short, president' of the federa tion, while here attending the mini mum wage conferenc last week. Sol- The Weather. YEfTK Ft HAY'S Maximum temperature. M dfffrt-rit; minimum, 47 drjtrrca. TODAY'S Itain; oulhmttrly uliiclt. lorrixn. TVorld'i biggest army In F.a?9ia'a. Page 2. National. Prohthltfnn amendment attakfe1 and d-fn1-d bt foro federal supreme court. Page 3. Prcffdrnt restates opposition to reserva tions that "would nullify treaty." Page 1. Stork dividends held untaxable Income by supreme court. Page 3. Secretary Daniels Indorses naval base at Astoria. Page 1. United States pay inadequate, says chief forester on resigning federal Job. Page 4. John.-on la California's first choice for president. Page 2. Wilson's letter kills every hops of treats ratification. Page 4. y. Senate In fight over treaty feta down to fundamentals. Page 6. Movement for organization of federal arbi tration board Is started. Page 4. Domestic. , Republican' leaders complete arrangements for national convention. page 7. Move started to exclude orficlal publlra- xions frum Christian Science churches. Page . Pacific Northwest. United Russia faces Japaneee aggression says returned merchant. Page 7. Washington school superintendent defies Governor Hart. Page 1. , Govornor Olcott orders investigation of of fice of State Treasurer Hoff. Page 1. I Rebuttal at Montessno moves swiftly with sharp attacks on I. . w. defense. Page 1. Chsrles Blum held for death of Walter Smith In Tillamook tragedy. Page 6. Story of Opal as bonafide diary Is doubted by some. Pge 7. W. H. Savage, Corvallis, elected president of state fair board. Page 1. Sports. Washington high swamps Commerce, to to 17. . Page 12. Figuring on fights funny proposition as show n by Roper's .record. Page 12. Vernon Tigers already In fine condition for IOL'0 league season. Page 12. Boss Walter playing major league aces up his sleeve. Page 12. Commerce and Marine. Livestock comes through winter satisfac torily In northwest. Page 21. Evening up has bullish effect In Chicago corn market. Page 21. Wide advances In stocks result from stock dividend decision. Page 21. Portland and Vicinity. Remarkable winter period of clear dry weather finally Is broken. Page 1. Dr. A. B. Rockey sees danger in "cure" by faith. Page 10. Communist doctrines of power by violence revealed at trial of party leaders In Oregon. Page 1. , City arrss forces to fight Berkshire apartment suit. Page 13. Stern necessity assures much Portland building in 1020 says Plummer. J'age 22. JudcQ Crawford rebukes Newton Mcl'nv f for trying to get Im-trucled democratic' delegation from Oregon. Page J 1. J : h ..l.'j t m0.1rea YL'fTl flic,' Innin aa ' r. . . hnm.etMri ntfv ri(.h, That the commimlft labor parly openly boasts of close alignment with the bolshevik government of ltU'Sla, adopting the hammer and firkin of the bdlhhfvik! as Its off ii-lx I rinhlem, and that It seeks to establish a "dic tatorship of the pr lelarlat" In Amer li'a. similar to the soviet system In Russia, through rnasa action, scorn ing the ballot as weak and Ineffect ive, were thlncs the prosecution sought to provo to a jury In the court of Circuit Judge Morrow yes terday through the medium of official literature of the communist labor party, and assertions In Its platform and, declaration "t principles. It was the first day in the trial of Karl W. Ostrr, state secretary of the communist labor party; Claude Hurst, local financial secretary, and Fred W. Fry, member, for violation of the state criminal syndicalism act In af filiating with an organisation said to advocate forcible overthrow tf gov ernment. Four days had been con sumed In the selection of a Jury. Outer Ufiii Med .Necktie. Ostrr, who has dally flaunted a brilliant red ne 'ktle In the courtroom, Hurst and Fry arc merely dreamers of a beautiful dream, W. H. U'Ken, their attorney, told the Jury ester day, seeking Utopia perhaps, but In a quiet, legal manner, through the ascendancy of a majority at tho polla. Walter H. Kvans, district attorney, held to the contrary that the men charged with criminal syndicalism were disciples of Lenlne and Trotsky, working for a revolution in America by means of blood and steel and a well-organised red guard. Chief basis for the Indictment of tho communist labor trio is the plat form and parly programme, pub lished In their official pnprr. On phrases and statements found there. District Attorney Kvans founded his contention that furcibln overthrow of government by mass action, Ignoring the rule of the majorlly through the ballot, was Intended by tho new party. latrrBatluaalr' I Indorse. The first plank In the platform an nounces that tne party "stands ny the principles of the Third Interna tionale formed at Moscow." Though concluding plunk reads, "To this end we e"k the workers to unite with the communist labor party for the conquest of political power to estab llsh a government adapted to the communist transformation," and ap pears to Substantiate the rontrntloa of the defense that the party seeks change through orderly procedure and the ballot, the district attorney main tains that eacrrpla from the party programme contradict thla. Backing up this viewpoint, he em phasised the following quotations In reading the programme to lha Jury: "The most Important means of rap turing state power for the worker is the action of the masses, proceed ing from the place where tho workers are gathered together. In the shops and factories. The use of the po litical machinery of the capitalist state for thla purpose Is only second ary." Kuccesa at Ballot I)oabrd. "Not one of the great teachers of scientific socialism has ever said that it Is possible to achieve the social revolution by the ballot." " It must be clearly emphasised that the chance of winning even ad vanced reforms of the present cap italist system at the polls Is e tremely remote; and even If It were nnsslblc. these reforms would nut weaken the capitalist system." the capitalists have gained a control over the political machinery which Is Impossible to break by re sorting to this machinery." there Is no opportunity what ever for the working class through the regular political machinery to oppose effectively the will of th capitalist class." Cordial indorsement of the I. W. W. In this programme may give the state a loophole through which to In troduce "Wobbly" doctrines advocat ing direct action. Labor Slrosgl -Tailed. Valiant." "In any mention of revolutionary Industrial unionism in this country," reads the plan, "there must be recog nised the Immense effect upon th American labor movement of the pro paganda and example of the Indus trial Workers of the World, whose long and valiant struggles and heroio sacrifices In the class war have earned the respect and affection of all workers, everywhere." Substitution of Industrial unions for so-called reactionary craft-unions of organized labor is advocated In the programme, which ays: " revolt of the rank ant' file must not be al- I . , t . r -' V a last week. . .iCuaUudcU ou I ss li, U.uua i.) jkCoawiudeu ou J.'a: J, Cuiuuio aj. t 1 i) ' ,"i,aaj til 1 tL ." r' f iConciuued on 1'ace 5, Cvlumo I.)