10
THE 3IORXIXG OKEGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 21, 1920
1 KSTABLISMEO BY HENRY L. PITTOCK.
Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.,
lui sixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
C A. UORDE.V, EL B. PIPER. .
Alanaffer. Kditor.
The Oreonian is a member of the Asso-
elated Praas. The Astiociated Press is
- exclusively entitled to the use tor publica-.-'
tlon of all news dispatches credited to It
or not otherwise credited in this paper and
,3 n also the iocai news published herein. Ail
rights of republication of special dispatches
herein are also reserved.
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t-unday and weekly 3.50
(By Carrier.)
' Pally. Sunday Included, one year $9.00
tional use, and follow It with
"whom." So "whom" it is.
Some of these days, when the
league of nations is settled and the
world is at peace, and nobody has
much to worry about, we purpose to
make life a little more worth living
for those pedants who think words
are more important than anything
else, opening a symposium on the
following sentence:
He gave his money freely to whomso
ever asked for It.
It looks easy and sounds easy, and
doubtless it is easy for the tinkering
technicians. But they will not agree
on it, nevertheless.
A D. 8. M. FOB OWEJ.
Voters who are so fortunate as to
receive the pamphlet issued by the
Owen-for-Presidenti club will be
gratified to learn therein that the
controversy as to who won the war
Ually. Sunday Included, three montha. . 2.25 1 has finally been settled. It was not
l)aily. Sunday included, one month 7.1 . Hic nor Tench, nor Pershiner. nor
Dally, without Sunday, one year ...... 7.S'J
-Dally, without Sunday, three montha... 1.95
Daily, without Sunday, one month .... .65
-N How to Remit Send postofflce money
order, express or personal check on your
local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are
a l owner's rink. CJIve postoffice address
in full, including county and stats.
Postage Itatrw 12 to 1ft pages, 1 cent:
IS to pases. 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, 3
cents; 5U to 60 pages. 4 cents; t2 to 74
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Foreign postage, double rates.
Kantern Business Office Verree ft Conk
lln. Brunswick building. New York; Verree
-& Conklin, Rtegsr building, Chicago; Ver
ree & Conklin, Free Press building, De
troit, Mich. San Francisco representative,
it. J. indwell.
Haig, nor Foch, nor Pershing, nor
Sims, nor Daniels, nor Hoover, nor
Woodrow Wilson, and of course
suspicion long ago ceased to rest
upon the fighting gobs, doughboys,
tommies and poilus. It was Senator
Owen of Oklahoma. We read in the
pamphlet:
"He was the master builder of .the
federal reserve act. . . . The whole
world recognizes that this measure
contributed in a gigantic way to the
winning of the wan It enabled
America to finance the world war,
made democracy and civilization vic
torious in the greatest crisis, of his-
WIND-jammeng AJTD bill-jamming, tory, and opened an era of unbound-
The choice between the wind- I ing prosperity for the United States.
Jammers and the bill-jammers is not conducted mrougn tne
easy to make; but the public weal is . f"1? a " u"llze ae sller ul"
probably in less danger from the InQia from flnanclal panlc and thu3
wind-jammers. By which we mean I protected the allies from a commer-
tnat tne legislative naon oi taiKing cj,i trae-p-dv "
too much is an abuse; but the legis- In COmnarlson with the foretroinsr
.-.-ative practice of shoving- bills following achievements of the
tnrougn at tne last nour wimout ois- senator, also enumerated in the pam
cussion, or any real consideration, is phlet, seem trivial:
a positive danger, an outright evil. "It was due to his very aggressive
The public is likely to complain of fiprnt that tne senate finall passed
the talkers In a legislature, or in the constitutional amendment pro-
congress. Tet discussion is vital to vlding for direct election of sen
the proper consideration of any I ators "
measurer- It is the universal safety . ..It was due to his nersistent fieht
valve. The republic, or the state, is that cioture was adopted and senate
sate wnen it Knows wnat is going processes made more democratic."
was organized with minute attention
to detail. The "connoisseurs" were
assigned to learn the play by heart
and to call attention of the audience
about them to its fine points; the
"rigolards" laughed at every jest; the
"pleureurs," or weepers, nearly al
ways women, manifested visible emo
tion at every moving passage and
were the original sob-sisters of their
day. These and other refinements
of the profession and the com
plaisance of an amusement-loving
public gave to the claque its power.
The claque is founded on the well
known principle that both tears and
laughter are infectious. The closest
approach to it in the United States
Is the organization of demonstrations
in political conventions, but in these
it 13 adapted to democratic, institu
tions by being converted into a kind
of contest, into which the partici
pants enter with some of the spirit
of sportsmanship which Is character
istic of us. It would speedily re
bound on the heads of any who made
tyrannical use of it Indeed, it often
does so, when overdone and there
is little or no danger that it will ever
gain a foothold in our theaters. Cam
panini was right when he told his
artists that they were wasting their
money by paying for misleading
American audiences with manufac
tured applause.
on. It is m grave peril wnen sup
pression is the rule.
It may be well to ask whether or
not another constitutional amend
ment Is not In order. The recent
"The passage of the farm loan act
was due largely to his activities."
Whether the Oklahoma statesman
kept the United States and the whole
world off the rocks by merely wind-
special legislative session called by iag tho other ninety-five senators
the governor to consider certain spe- around his little finger or lashed
c.ific subjects, covered a wide range, them into a sense of duty with the
Under the general ' demand for a power of, his oratory we stre left to
short session, the bill-jammers had surmise. But there is the recorti.
their way, and made a record. They jje aj,j jt.
should be curbed. It is Impossible, But rather than eneouratre the
under present practices, or under democratic party to give the Okla-
the constitution.
Let the governor have constitu
tional authority to limit in his call
homa senator the presidential nomi
nation for his unparalleled service, it
is a painful duty to quote again from
the topics to be considered at any I the pamphlet:
extraordinary legislative session. . in senator Owen has always received the
.case of emergency a new subject support of thousands of republican voters
might be Introduced by unanimous because he has always treated them fairly
' . - ... , i , and generously, assuming that they, too.
yuiiotsui oi tne icSia.d.Luic, ui m r good Americana, desirous of having
uy inree-iourms vote, approved uy
the governor. Such a measure would
hold down any legislature.
-WHO" AND "WHOM."
New Tork grammarians are all fussed
op over the correctness of this sentence;
"Alfred, than whom a greater king never
reigned, deserves to be held up as a model
to all future sovereigns." Grammar sharks
Kav "whom" is wrone. It should be "who"
and others state for the sake of euphony I tion that virtue and patriotism may
It should be wnom. others too say exist outside of the democratic nartt
Inlr irrn m m a w Hb. .
I is heresy, nothing less.
a government faithfully and honestly ad
ministered.
This is condescending indeed, but
badly out of tune with the appeal of
another illustrious democrat for the
election of a democratic congress
that the war might be carried to a
successful conclusion; In view of
the unanimous party endorsement of
that appeal, the senator's assump--
"vhom" Is correct. I think grammar de
pends upon surroundings. I know a man
who broke up a pool game Faying "whom
do I follow?" He was too go&h-awful
educated for pool.
A Salem reader, seeking distrac
tion from the commotion of words
created by the recent legislative ses
sion, submits the foregoing interest
ing paragraph from the Indianapolis
Star, and asks The Oregonian to as-
So we shall recommend him for
one of those distinguished service
medals that are going begging, and
let it go agthat.
Ulli CLAQUE TS CHICAGO.
The late Cleofonte Campanlnl
probably was not the kind of artist
rist in restoring the general equllib- I who would employ a claque to create
rium by resuming Its discussion of the fictitious impression of success
grammar and Its abuses. We have for hfthself, but he may have yielded
little hope that further attempts on to a European custom as old as Nero
our part will shed any ray of light In furnishing, as has recently been
on certain editorial minds we wot of, charged by two singers of the Chi-
' but nevertheless we desire always toicago irrand Opera company, a con-
oblige, and we will give the gram-1 siderable number of free tickets to
marians another morsel to digest. I men designated by the assistant stage
"Who" is a little word, but it is manager, who appears to have been
the most elusive, puzzling and exas- I tho official claque leader. It may
peratlng combination of three letters I have been possible for these men to
in the English language. It declines I levy a species of artistic blackmail.
to be fastened to strict usage, and " the singers have said that
it has been more variously nsed by they did. But. not if the public had
great writers than any other word. I been aware of what was going on.
-.. Kven the experts stumble over It. I The spirit of fair play is too deeply
Vor example. Fowler, tn his Eng- imbedded in Americans to warrant
lish grammar, wrote: "Whom do I belief that an attempt by any claque
. they say it Is?" Milne, la his Greek I to ruin the career of an artist would
' grammar, gives this gem: "He knew I not have been defeated instantly by
; not whom they were." Priestlys I publicity.
grammar has: "Who do you think I This apparently, Charles Kontalne,
me to be?" There are staggering the French tenor, and AUesandro
" Illustrations of the ease with which I Dolci, Italian tenor, did not know.
.1 authorities err. Or are we to as-1 tor they say that members of the
; Bume that they are indifferent to the! company. Including themselves, paid
requirements of construction and for I r applause at the rate of from $50
the sake of euphony, or in response 'week to J 20 a performance. Cam-
to the demands of analogy, or what- I panini seems to have had a better ap-
jiot, have deliberately substituted Ispreciation of the American way of
"who" for "whom," or vice versa. I doing things, for he is said to have
The observant reader of the scrip- I told them that they need not heed
tures has often wondered why the I either the demands for money or the
eminent scholars who gave us the I tnreats. jvevertneless a profoundly
King James version permitted this foreign atmosphere surrounds pro-
.' sentene to slip by: "Whom do men duction of opera, even in this coun-
say that I, the Son of Man, am?" "v. and rather than risk their artis-
(Matthew 16:13). The same use of tic reputations, the singers continued
"whom" occurs again: "And bv the I to pay.
way he asked his disciples, saying I There has been preserved in his-
unto them, whom do men say that I t(ry an interesting letter that illus-
am?" (Mark 8:27). Again: "And I trates the seriousness with which the
he asked them, saying, whom say the I members of the old French claque
people that I am?" Luke9:lS). in viewed tnelr singular profession.
every instance, so your purist will
say, "who" should have been em
ployed.
Frank Vizetelly, editor of the Stand
HOWE AS A PLUMB FLAXXEK
Frederick C. Howe, whose useful
ness to the cause of bolshevism as,
immigration commissioner at Ellis
island was suspended when he was
removed from that position and was
no longer able to prevent the depor
tation of his red friends, is now serv
ing the cause in another capacity
that of director of the conference on
democmuc control of the railroads.
That is a parlor bolshevist name for
soviet control of the railroads.
The accuracy of Mr. Howe's
knowledge about railroads may be
measured by his statement that
American railroad charges are the
highest in the world. When his cor
rectness was challenged, he offered
this explanation.
(1) That the per capita cost of rail
roads in European countries is verv much
below what it is in this country; (2) that
we cannot compare our rates, and that if
we could compare Bervlce rendered and
individual commodities we would prob
ably find that the rate was lower in some
European countries than it Is here, and
that so far as service to the consuming
public Is concerned, the passenger rates
are lower in many countries than they
are In this country.
By "cost of railroads" he apparently
means "cost of railroad service" and
the obvious answer is that the Amer
ican people use railroads more per
capita than any other people. They
have almost as many miles of rail
roads as all the rest of the world
combined, they use more goods car
ried by rail and they travel more
than any other people, therefore they
spend more on railroad service.
As to comparison of rates, there is
practically only one class of passen
ger service In the United States
first class while other countries
have second, third and fourth classes,
and the bulk of their traffic is of the
lower classes. In 1913 In Germany
less than 3 per cent of the traffic was
first, and 79 per cent was third and
fourth class, and in Britain 76 per
cent was third. class.
Americans spend more money per
capita on freight traffic because they
ehip more goods more miles per
capita than Europe does, - having
more miles of line per capita. For
each 10,000 of population in 1913 the
United States had twenty-six miles.
France less than seven, Britain five
and Germany less than six. The
number of tons carried one mile was
3101 in the United States, 447 in
France and 631 in Germany.
But the. charges per tdn per mile
were the lowest. The last compar
ative figures available are those for
1913. They show that the average
receipts per ton-mile were .729 cents
for the United States, 1.16 cents for
France, 1.24 cents for- Germany,
though the greater density of pop
ulation . and therefore of traffic In
Europe should make rates less than
in the far more sparsely populated
United states.'
The strongest argument for private
as against public operation of rail
roads' in the United States is that
American railroads give the bst
service- at the lowest cost in the
world. The best answer which the
Plumb planners can find 13 such
vague, general and false statements
as that of Mr. Howe.
British unions and employers. Be
fore the war British unions restricted-
production, preventing efficiency
and thereby preventing their mem
bers from getting good wages. In
order to increase production for the
war they suspended their restrictive
rules, with the result, as Mr. Fish
said, that "production per unit per
workman increased tremendously
and saved the situation." He does
not believe that the old rules can be
re-established and he thinks that "if
they are, England as a commercial
nation is doomed." He continues:
, I think the labor union and the labor
nnion leaders will have to see and recog
nize that fact in England and voluntarily
adopt new principles, and if they do it
over there, maybe they will do it In this
country, because in this country I think
the evidence is complete that the rules,
principles, of the labor union are such as
to reduce production, to limit efficiency
and to suppress development of the in
dustries. Under the old rules the British
workman produced not more than a
third to a half as much as an Amer-
lean workman, and was not getting
anytning like the compensation o
an American workman. If the bar
to efficiency should be removed, his
production would be Increased and
British competition with the United
States would become more formid
able. The way to meet this competi
tion is to increase industrial efficl
ency in this country by general re
sort to collective bargains, which
would likewise increase wages and
would develop the spirit of co-operation
or partnership by bringing em
ployers and workmen into friendly
contact, man to man. Employers
would then have constantly in mind
that they have to deal not with a
commodity called labor but with
men whose production will be in
creased by arousing their sense of
self-interest and of common interest
with the employer. A contract
which pays a man for all the value
which he produces, which convinces
him that it does, will lead him to in
crease his output and will soon con
vince him of the folly of the old Idea
that, if he works to his fair capacity,
he will work himself or some other
man out of a job or that his wages
will be reduced.
Probably the worst obstacle to col
lective bargaining is the difficulty of
holding some unions, or some of their
members, to fulfillment of a con
tract. The other two principal speak
ers to the audience which Mr. Fish
addressed were presidents of unions
who have made a successful fight to
hold their members to contracts
Major George L. Berry of the press
men, and T. V. O'Connor of the long
shoremen. Both testified to the suc
cess of the system. Major Berry
proudly said that in his trade there
had been only two unauthorized
strikes since the declaration of war,
and in both instances the interna
tional union joined with the em
ployer in spanking those unions that
called the strikes." As an example
f the success of collective bargain
ng with the longshoremen, Mr.
O'Connor said in reference to the
lumber-carriers on the great lakes
After a three-year agreement a commit
tee on grievances to hear grievances on
Dotn sides met In Detroit. Mr. Blatch
representing the lumber carriers, said to
me, J-fave you got any grievances?
said, "No. "Well, neither have we," and
we proceeded to make a new agreemen
lor the following year.
The strike of New Tork longshore
men was instigated by the reds In
violation of an arbitration agreemen
regarding which Mr. O'Connor said
I wasn't satisfied with the Increase I
pay and I voted against It. but we bad
agreed to abide by the majority.
He prevented the strike from
spreading from JCew Tork to an
other Atlantic port, and finally got
the men back-to work in New Tork.
Against this fine record of two
unions must be set that f the coal
miners, which was a plain breach of
contract, and was a severe blow to
the whole system. " It makes even
liberal, progressive employers reluc
tant to bargain with a union which
cannot be held legally and finan
ciallyi responsible for breach
contract.- General adoption of th
system must depend largely on the
readiness of the unions to become
responsible for breach of contract by
their members as fully as employers
would be. As both employers an
workmen see the benefits derive
from the system by trades which
make arid keep contract-?, they will
more generally resort to it, but action
by unions to make contracts binding
on themselves will hasten progress.
BY-PRODUCTS OF" TUB TIMES
Government Scientist TJrg-es Kew De
parture la Cemeteries.
Cemeteries ar not cheerful places.
Burial lots are cared for during two
three generations and then too
commonly are neglected. Weeds cover
the graves and fallen tombstones are
allowed to lie. The long-dead axe
forgotten.
Dr. David Fairchild, a distinguished
government scientist, urges & new
departure. He thinks that cemeteries
should be made attractive and that
the principal feature of a great city
urylng ground ought to be a beauti
ful building somewhat resembling a
library, with alcoves and quiet nooks.
Instead of bookstacks It would
have fireproof vaults containing per
sonal records of members of the fam
ilies whose lost ones are buried un-
er flat stones amid the charming
surroundings of a vast garden. These
records would include all kinds of
data relating to the dead accounts of
their most noteworthy doings, photo
graphs, etc.
"Cannot you imagine," says Dr.
Fairchild. "strolling into the hall of
the dead, to find there, In their proper
place, all of the personal records of
your family for generations back?
There are the photographs of your
grandparents, of departed uncles and
aunts or little ones who did not live
to grow up, all with stories of their
lives attached and letters and anec
dotes.
'With these might be preserved
phonographic records of the voices of
the dead, so that they could be heard
to talk; and rooms might be fitted up
Mademoiselle Rachel, perhaps the
greatest tragic actress of any period,
was compelled by custom of her time
to recognize the power of the claque
ard dictionary, and a lexicographer I to make or break artistic reputations.
of distinction, has an Interesting artl- I ino letter was written by a chef de
cle in the New Tork Tribune on the claque In answer to her complaint
that his men had not done their duty.
He said:
Mademoiselle: I cannot remain unaer
the obloquy of a reproach from such lips
pronoun, saying among other things
Tho pedagogue and ths purists may try
to restrict the language to grammatical
rules, even as simple speller would like to
simplify the spelling according to his dicta,
but the language will have none of it. Not
so many moons have passed since my good
friend Professor Lounsbury presented a
strong defense for "it is me." and, whife I
am no prophet. I feel In my bones that
whom" is going to kiok over the traces
of its grammatical harness and rejoice in
its violations of the canons of our soeech.
impelled thereby by the genius of the
language.
Mr. Vizetelly gives many examples
of the unorthodox use of "who" and
"whom" by the greatest writers. He
takes the following from Shake
. speare:
"Who should I swe.r byf Titus An
aronicus, act v, scene l.
"Run, O run!" "To w1o, my Vord
tv i n s i.ear. act v, scene o.
"What's the matter with my lord?"
"With who?" Othello, act lv. scene 2.
"Yield thee. thief!" "To who?"
Cymbeline. act tv, scene t.
And our dear old friend Charles Klngs
ley: "Who have you there?" Hypatla,
Mr. Vizetelly discusses also the pre
cise case given by the Salem corre
spondent, tracing it to Churchill's
grammar. He finds that Nutting, a
grammarian, rules that "after the
conjunction than, contrary to anal
ogy, whom Is used instead of "who."
"i'et some, probably, nearly all, of the
best writers give "that," a pregosi-
as yours. The following is an authentic
statement of what really took place. At
tne II rat presentation 1 led the attack in
person not less than thirty-three times.
We had three acclamations, four hilarities.
two thrilling movements, four renewals of
applause and two indefinite explosions.
In fact, to such an extent did we carry our
applause that the occupants of the stalls
were scandalized and cried out; "A la
porter' My men were positively exhausted
with fatigue and even intimated to me
that they could not again go through such
an evening. Seeing such to he the case, I
applied for the manuscript, and after hav
ing profoundly studied the piece, I was
ooliged to make up my mind for tho sec
ond performance to certain curtailments
in the services of my men. I applied them,
however, only to MM. , and If op
portunity offers. I will make them ample
amends. In such a situation as that which
I have Just depicted, I have only to re
quest you to believe firmly in my pro
found admiration and respectful seal; and
I venture to entreat you to have some
respect for tho difficulties which environ
me.
We doubt that any claque picked
up in Chicago can have given the
singers who employed them "their
money's worth, by the standard of
the French. That always painstak
ing and artistic people elevated to
the dignity of a high calling the vo
cation which would be frowned on in
this country. Th French claque
OBSTACLES TO COTXECTTTB
BARGAINS.
Discussion of collective bargaining
by representative employers and
labor leaders at ths Economic club
of New Tork city goes to show that
the real solution of the- labor ques
tion consists in straightforward deal
ing between employers and workers.
in the making of contracts between
them and in faithful observance o
those contracts by both parties. The
strongest and most successful unions
are those which have made and have
I faithfully observed bargains and
have enforced them on insubordinate
members and local unions. Opposi
tion among employers to unionism is
in large measure due to neglect, re
fusal or incapacity of workmen in
certain trades to make bargains, and
to breach of contract by some unions.
Probably in equal measure it is due
to employers' objection to dealing
with all the men of a certain trade
collectively by all employers in that
trade as a body. The motive of these
employers was partly a reactionary
clinging to the old idea of "master
and man," which is un-American
and. obsolete; partly to what they call
union interference with the manage
ment of their business, but chiefly
to inability to hold unions, responsi
ble for breach of contract, and to
the disposition of many workmen to
break a bargain when temptation
arises to exact better terms by
striking.
ine view - or a progressive em
ployer was given by Frederick P.
Fish, president of the National In
dustry Conference board and head of
that body's committee to the presi
dent's National Industrial conference.
He called attention to the contrast
between Great Britain, where nearly
all workmen are in unions and where
collective bargains between these
unions and associations of employers
are the rule, and the United States,
where the controversy between the
open shop and . collective bargains
continues. As a result, less than 10
per cent of American workmen have
been unionized, as compared with
what Mr. Fish calls "a very much
greater percentage in England,"
which some authorities place at 8 5
to 90 per cent.
A most forcible argument tited by
Mr. Fish in favor of united action by
employers and workmen in America
to increase efficiency and to induce
continuous operation was the effect
of the war. on the probatlt ioiicj of
Those Who Come and Go.
J ONLY
TERRORISTS FED TO FEAR
John H. Tilley of Service Creek.
Hr. Gompfm Alarm Over An tl-Rrd
Uw Raises Doubt of loyalty.
SALEM. Or., Jan. 19. (To the Edi-
wno is at tne ferains, is one or tne smllei nrsirient of
h!s section.'..
best-known residents in
People up that way call it "Sarvice"
Creek, but the right name Is "Serv
ice." There is considerable road work
going on, the highway commission
having let considerable mileage
around Service Creek last year. They
tell a story- on Mr. Tilley that as a
deputy game warden he once dis
covered that one of his neighbors had
violated the law by killing a deer.
Mr. Tilley, as the story goes, con
stituted himself judge and Jury, found
the neighbor guilty. Imposed a fine
of 25 and collected it, and then con
fiscated the deer, which he ami the
neighbor proceeded to enjor".
Samuel Hill, president of the Pacific
highway association, announced yes
terday that the highway will be dedi
cated September 30. The points of
dedication will be at Blaine, Wash.,
on the Interstate bridge, between
Portland and Vancouver, and at San
Francisco. At Blaine a portal will be
erected to commemorate the fact that
there has never been occasion to
mount a gun to protect the boundary
line between the United States and
Canada. Mr. Hill says that the high
way will be in good condition by
September from La Center, Wash., to
the Mexican line. He Is on his way
to Seattle to see if the link between
La Center and Olympla cannot be
finished this year.
William Ketchem is wondering
where he is going to get off at on his
cattle speculation. Mr. Ketchem. who
was a cattle buyer 30 years ago and
is now a cattle rancher in Wasco
county, bought some cattle and will
have to sell them for 13 cents a pound
before he can break even. The cur-
In Other Days.
rent Quotation is 11 cents. Mr.
for privately viewing moving pictures I Ketchem is at the Imperial
of the departed, who would thus be
made to 'come alive again.'
The dead could thus be made. In a
sense, to live on Indefinitely. Between
the living generations and the past
C A Sldler. who was oarticularly
Interested in the fishing controversy
on the Rogue river during the spe
cial session, is at the Hotel Oregon
with Mrs. Sidler. A representative of
would be established a definite and Josephine county, he registers from
permanent tie. Pittsburg Dispatch. Gjants Pass, and adds, as Js the habit
t.t. . . - . , . . t- l- na 1 it s tne climate
may do inaugurated irom LUKe neia, George W. Warren, of Warrenton
Ford island, soon, now that flare Is at the Hotel Portland with his fara
lights for lighting the field to guide Warrenton was laid out by his
father and the present population Is
determined to make it a regular sea
port and industrial center, and to that
end about a million dollars' worth of
bonds have been floated.
John Tassell, who is with the ship
ping ooara at -Marsnneld. Is amon
the airmen have been received here
by the army authorities, says the
Pacific Commercial Advertiser (Honolulu).
Up to the present time only day
flying could be carried on, night fly
ing being barred becatrse of lack of the arrivals at the Seward. During
the war Coos Bay put many ships
Into the water, but shipbuilding has
been an art as well as an industry at
I Coos Hay for a great many years.
Benton county was not suitable to
his operations in stock, so George
F. Brown moved away from Corvallis
and is now running a big ranch at
Oreacke. Idaho. At the Imperial, Mr.
Brown confined to Harry Hamilton
that the ranch Is on a paying basis.
Don Prultt. for several years the
private secretary of PL N. Stanfleld,
proper lighting facilities for marking
Luka field.
The flares were received on a trans
port which arrived here some time
ago. but have not yet been placed.
Inasmuch as the air defense of the
Islands will require night as well as
day flying and require a very large
amount of flights between sunset and
sunrise, depending on the manner of
the approach of a hostile fleet, night
flying work will become an Important
factor of training. The vital necessity
for such work Is a properly lighted is registered at the Seward from the
field, so well illuminated that it can
be seen from afar and give the re
turning airman a perfect knowledge
of the landing field.
The late Professor Haeckel put a
rather neat one over on Mr. Carnegie
a decade or so ago. It happened
thus: Auld Andrew was a great ad
mirer of Haeckel and he commis
sioned a young man who was about to
become a student at Jena to get for
him the professor's autograph. It ar
rived a few weeks later in this form:
"Ernest Haeckel acknowledges the
receipt from Andrew Carnegie of a
town of Stanfield. He Is credited
with being one of the best Informed
men in the northwest on the sheep
and wool industry.
Mrs. Carroll C. Seeley of Arlington
is at the Multnomah. Mrs. Seeley's
husband Is building the sections of
the Columbia highway between Bla
lock and Arlington. The work will
be completed sometime this year.
D. Z. Robinette, who specializes in
locating homesteaders in the Silver
Lake country. Is at the Imperial. Just
now Silver Lake is chiefly concerned
over the proposed Irrigation project.
Hay Creek. Or., doesn't get on the
hotel registers very often, but landed
the American Federation of Labor,
preliminary to his denunciation of
the anti-sedition bills now before
congress, says: "We yield to no man.
in public office or out, in our loy
alty to the constitution and institu
tipns of this republic; no self-respecting
man has or dare question that
loyalty."
At the risk of sacrificing a fully
average self-respect I will now dare
to say I do doubt his 100 per cent
American loyalty. I am willing to
admit, yes, I firmly believe, that the
Individual American laboringman is
loyal to the core, but as to their or
ganization leaders and a radical. Irre
sponsible minority thereof and their
conduct in the past, I must insist that
there-is good foundation upon which
to found a reasonable doubt at least
When a labor leader advises the vio
lation of law and is obeyed by a ma
jority of the organization, when there
is interference with the rights of
persons wishing to engage in honest
labor, resort to force, personal abuse,
assault and destruction of property
when men will obey the dictum of
their organization leaders rather
than the request and orders of the
president of the United States and
those representing him, they certainly
have no valid claim or right to be
considered thoroughly loyal, and one
cannot be blamed if he not only
doubts but disbelieves.
At the close of the same article in
which the above protest of loyaltv
for himself -and organization occurs
he says: "The inevitable result, if
this bill is enacted, would be to
spread a reign of terror over the
United States, fill the country with
spies and special agents of the de
partment of Justice, fill the land with
suspicion and heresy hunting would
become a national industry.
From whence is this "spread of
terror" to come and who are to
spread it? I submit if the above lan
guage pf Mr. Gompers does not sound
line a tnreat tnat it is to come irom
the Interests he represents. No other
Interest than this class interest has
found fault with the bill. Then, if
this threatened spread of terror oc
curs will it not be the duty of the
government to "fill the country with
special agents of Justice" to spy out
and defeat the machinations of the
terrorists? And If such agents be
provided need any honest, law
abiding person fear for his liberty or
tor his personal safety? Only the
law breakers and terrorists will have
occasion to fear the execution of the
law. It was Hudibras, 1 believe, who
said, and it is as true now as when
first published:
"No thief feels the halter draw
With good opinion of the law.'
When Jlr. Gompers will publicly
announce for himself and that he will
earnestly advise his followers to
obey strictly the laws of the land, to
respect the mandates of the courts
to refrain from assaulting and insult
Ing persons in pursuit of legitimate
occupation; to respect property rights
and interests, and stand by said dec
laration he may consistently claim to
be 100 per cent loyal, otherwise not
Mr. Gompers must recognize the
fact that the ax-erage legislator i
fully as Intelligent as he. and is fully
as well qualified to judge what is be
for the general public including
the labor interests and that the con
gress composed of men representing
all interests is more likely to be risrht
than is one man representing a class,
no matter how numerous the class.
Incidentally I wish here to record my
approval and admiration of the vote
given by Congressman JIcArthur and
his reason therefor. He has shown
that he has an American backbone
and. furthermore, that he is not afraid
to show It when occasion reufres its
exhibition. DANIEL WEBSTER.
Twenty-live Years Ago.
From The OresonJan, January 21. lWfl.
Washington. Presidt-nt Cleveland
gave out a statement regarding the
Hawaiian situation. The order to
Rear-Admiral Beardslie to proceed to
Honolulu with the flagship Philadel
phia contained instruction to confine
his attention to protecting the per
sons and interests of American citi
zens. Louisville. The packet steamer
State of Missouri was sunk in the
Ohio river just below Alton, 111., night
before last and ten lives are believed
to have been lost.
"Shanghai. The Japanese fleet la
re-ported to be bombarding Teng
Chow.
San Francisco. Preparations are
actively in progress by the comniitteo
of eleven for investigation of munici
pal scandals.
Fifty Tears Asm.
From The Oregonian. January 2
New Tork. Arrangements
1S70.
haw
en made, under the action of courts
In three states, to place the operation
f the Atlantic & Great Western rail
road under control of the Erie com-
any, giving the latter au unbroken
line between Cleveland. Cincinnati
nd New York.
There are only 700 women in
Wyoming territory, but the passatre
t the woman suffrage bill is expect
ed to increase the number.
Wool raisers of the valley are agi
tating the question of forming an as
sociation for the purpose of securing
heap transportation of their product
to the eastern markets.
Zeiss microscope for the biological twlco ye8terday. Mr. and Mrs. c.
laboratory of the Jena university."
A microscope, needless to say, ar
rived with Mr. Carnegie's compli
ments at Jena university within
few weeks. Boston Transcript.
Browning's robust love of fun Is
familiar to every student of bis life;
he was, especially as he grew Into
Berkeley are at the Multnomah, and
C. C. bhelton la at the Perkins.
Business is so good in the hotel line
at Albany that R. B. Westbrook. ho
tel manager, came to Portland yes
terday and between trains bougbt a
new motor bus with which to meet
all trains.
E. P. Dodd, who runs a newspaper
maturity, one of the most social of I and lives at Hermiston and Is a rep-
men. In the last Scrlbners Sir Sid
ney Colvin, the biographer of Keats,
presents his reminiscences of Brown
ing, Ruskln, Roscttl, Burne-Jones and
Gladstone, and of the first-named ha
resentative in tho legislature- from
that section, is registered at the Hotel
Portland.
Mrs. J. B. Clrarman has arrived at
ho Hotel Washincton from San
John Barleycorn, by its best friend.
the state of Rhode. Island, will test
prohibition in the supreme court.
That state Is one of the few that re
fused to ratify and is not big enough
to fuss about.
Burglars ransacked a horn a few
nights ago and took nothing but
some whisky, which they drank.
With that much of a clew, the police
are on the scent of a hot trail.
There should not be friction be
tween the male and female sections
of the police system, and will not If
each recognizes the rights of the
other. Both are important.
In some respects it Is to be re
gretted that the world didn't end
December 17. That seems to be the
only way we can ever get rid of
Burleson.
te-lls a happy anecdote to Illustrate I Diego. CaL. to attend tho funeral of
'his partiality for any kind of fun or
foolery of which the notion tickled
him." In the later 70s Browning
breakfasted once with a party of an
dergrad nates and with Mr. Colvin at
Cambridge. The talk ran to Chris
tian names and their abbreviations
and Browning bethought himself of a
story of a registrar at an American
university. This official asked the
first of three brothers appearing In
line his name. "Sam," said the boy.
"That's no name," declared the regis?
trar severely; "give me your full
name Samuel." The second boy
asked the same question, nervously
replied: "My name is Lem, sir." "Non-
That's no name," declared) the regis
trar. "Say your real name In full.'
And the boy faltered "Lemuel." The
third brother was roughly asked the
identical question, lost his head and
tittered "Jimuel, sir." In sheer high
spirits. Browning was unable to let
the story end at this point. The
registrar, he averred, broke into fury,
declared that the boys had combined
to insult him and asked which was
Thoughts of a straight party ticket
for republicans distress, some demo
crats who never vote anything but
their straight party ticket when they
can. i
Secretary Daniels has had a stormy
career in the president's cabinet.
But then a secretary of the navy
ought to weather a few storms.
If "Pussyfoot" Johnson . really
means business, why doesn't he start
an antl-moonshinlng campaign in the
Kentucky mountains.
.-Moonshlnlng is on the increase in
the Kentucky mountains. Evidently
the mountaineers are not taking any
chances on wood alcohol.
How much easier to marry the
girl than to dig up thousands for
damages! And in these days of easy
divorce, too!
Where does a man get a snack of
corned beef and cabbage and the
like while being fed up at continuous
banquets?
If those scientists can send
camera to the moon, some genius
will follow with some kind of dir
igible.
Time for a revolution tn Nicaragua
That country has a surplus In its
treasury.
Sims is a regular old lion in Dan-
ifcl'g den.
her sister, Mrs. J. L. Bell of this city.
A couple of stockmen from Paisley,
Or J. D. and C M. Farra, brought a
shipment to the local yards yesterday
and are at the Imperial.
E. A Rotan. the man who knows
all about chickens, because he pub
lishes a poultry journal at Salem, is
registered at the Hotel Washington.
On their return from California. Mr.
and Mrs. Henry Kuck of The Dalles
are at the Nortonla. Mr. Kuck Is a
merchant.
Part owners m the Tacolt (Wash.)
Lumber company, J. Christy and D. G.
I'oppa. are at the Perkins on business
in Portland.
J. B- E. Bourne of Rainier, publisher
of a fraternal paper at that Columbia
county town, is at the Seward.
D. M Merrill, dealer in timber In
Lane county, with headquarters
Albany, is at the Multnomah.
WOMEX AT rr.KAIII.-VC HAMllEt
One Wonders What Crnrrsl Woo Id
Have Anld if None Had neen There.
PORTLAND. Jan. 20. (To the
Editor.) When the committee o
men were appointed to entertain
General Pershing they decided to give
a dinner la .honor of our distinguished
guest.
They first Invited men only, over
looking tho fact that women played
an important part in the world wa
and were just as patriotic as th
men.
When the hour for the banquet ap
preached and reservations were fow
they evidently held a hurried consul
tation and decided to Invite th
ladies, and sent an S. O. S. to th
various women's clubs of the city.
The writer receiving a call decide
not to accept so late an Invitation
but patriotism overcame prejudice
and she went to the dinner.
The general was seated off in a
corner entirely surrounded by men.
and when he was called upon to speak
he said, ha whs satisfied with all the
arrangements except one he could not
understand. Why he had only men
to the right and men to the left, men
he did not know and cared nothing
for and all the fine looking ladies
seated in the background.
What would General Pershing have
said if women had been excluded
from the dinner? A CLUB WOMAN.
Sweet Law and Clrlsenshlp.
EUGENE. Or., Jan. 19. (To the
Editor.) (1) Does the provision for
automatic Insurance for 120 dnv nfu.
the ringleader In the plot- Thereupon persons entered military service, as
they gasped In chorus, each pointing I provided In Sweet bill, mean that all
at his neighbor, "himuel. sir.?
Of course, Chicago may be depend
ed upon to furnish examples of the
most utterly "timely" and " "up-to-date"
specimens of the "up-to-date"
poets and poetry and who better
men who have government Insurance
will be granted free insurance for 120
days or four months, or does It mean
that if man was Injured or killed In
that time was ho insured?
(2) If man, a German citizen, mar
ries a woman, a native of Switzerland.
who took out complete naturalization
papers soon after residence require
than Vachel Lindsay, famous for hH LenH had been fulfilled and married
apotheosis of General Booth of the I above man ten years after she became
citizen, is she also now a German
citizen? If husband dies, is she
German citizen?
(S) Is there any institution In Ore-
gen which Is state supported which
takes care of aged deaf and dumb
E. G. L.
Salvation Army on the Con
though the general never touched the
Congo; with its ' refrain of . "Boom,
boom, boom," which Mr. Lindsay Is
said to recite after requesting his
fellow diners to pound'wlth him on 1 naturalized citizens?
the table to punctuate this refrain.
The newest Vachel Lindsay produc
tion is "The Trotzky Trlology." and
the following Is selected, as typical of
the whole and quite enough of it.
too:
Down with diplomacy and diploatanlaes!
ttown with the olaqnes!
Down with tho foemen. of tho proletarian.
Unitarian. Trinitarian.
Dovn with every mosnback who . flghta
against the soapsklboz!
Tho Trotsky. Hottentotsky, Enronotstry,
soapsfci box!
Tho Bolshevlkl. Menshevticl. WomsnshTfkl,
soapskl box!
Tho Socialist, Communist, Honry-flst,
soapskl box!
Symbol of tho Crcch -Slave, symfco! of rhe
Juyo-Slavs,
Loved by tho dead Mood, shed blood, red
blood.
Lioved by tho moujiks,
Ixved by the moujlks,
Lrfved. by tho moujlks
Who wear do mx!
(1) It means that any man In the
service who may have been killed
within 120 days after enlistment is
presumed to have been Insured.
(2) She becomes a German citizen
upon marrying. Her American citi
zenship is restored by his death.
(3) No.
STROG MAX NEEDED AT CAPTTAI,
Writer Cnll for Choice ny TVonlo
It atht-r Than by Tarty.
PHILOMATH, Or., Jan. 19 (To the
Editor.) Most if not all of our na
tional Interests of the present seems
to be centered about the men who.
either by personnel or party choice.
have declared themselves as candi
dates for the presidency. It is of ut
most importance for each and every
American to do his duty in voting for
the man whom he, not the party.
thinks best fitted for the place. T
do this properly he must think and
use judgment: he must reduce both
personnel and party interest to a
secondary place, and he must make
this change new and complete. Why
not prepare the soil for a good croi'.'
But in order to produce such an ef
fect we must first give our citizens
bona fide cause. We must place
before them our country as it is, hs
it should be and as it must be. Let
not the common but tho horse sense
of the people have a taste of it: have
them digest just a part of it. and then
ead them to the polls to choose tl:--
man who, being shorn of petty Inter
ests, will direct the capitalists :is
well as tho wage-earners, the selh-i-
as well as the buyer, the producer
well as the consumer.
Let our people choose a man wl"
knows his American history, who.--eye
penetrates the mysterious fore-:
of diplomacy, whose judgment is w 1!
bred and whose Americanism is ru.
white and blue forever.
This Is the man we must get in oi-
fice. It is true that the threatenii
roar of the cannons has ceased, but
alive and very active are agents an
fatal and destructive as any median
leal device every known. The prof
iteers are hoarding heaps which, li li ¬
the corals of the ocean, check th-
slow but steady plying ship of the
industries; the reds are sowing seed
which In astonishingly short time
will choke the tender growth of pa
triotism. and the rate of speed of our
present actions in any and all lines is
of such tremendous momentum that.
unless a pkilled and most cautious
hand guides the wheel at that in
evitable hour of reaction a most dis
astrous fate may easily become tho
common lot-
JULIUS SERVAT1US.
Sry!r-a In Capitalization.
PORTLAND, Jan. 20. (To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonian I have read
that President Wilson was the first
one to use "okeh."' Having in mind
his well-known propensity for self
rsversals. It seems reasonable to sup
pose that tomorrow he will be using
"O. K." and later on "okay."
Now as to capitalizing words. When
I was in school we were taught to
capitalize such words as "river" and
"street" when used In specific cases,
such as "Mississippi River" and
"Fourth Street" and "Montgomery
Drtve." Have noticed that the old
custom taught In schools some years
ago Is not now followed In newspaper
work. Please explain the change In
custom. READER.
There are many common nouns
which In specific instances may or
may not be capitalized, according to
he preference of the writer. As re
gards those words, newspaper styles
vary. Every newspaper promulgates
its own rules concerning them In or
der to have uniformity In Its columns.
HEART ACTCMX.
The heart which mourns its absent
mate
Can never be the same again;
Though wild the masking lips mis
sing As mated bulbul In the glen.
Tet echoing through the strain wi'l
be
A pensive somethinsr sad and lone,
A note that will unwanted say
That something darly loved i
gone.
'Twill be like night-wind in the
pines;
The mourning dove's depressing
note;
The hunger wail of packs that trail.
Or song of twilight bird remote.
A sound like softly breaking waves
Along a wan and lonely shore;
A sigh for that which thrilled us
once.
But shall delight the breast no
more.
What caravans of sadness cross
The spirit's desert waste and wid".
By paths deep-cut o'er poollcss plains
And cindered steeps on every enac.
Nor shade nor bloom save here or
there
A palm or myrtle spreads Its leaves.
Each but an accent of tho waste
O'er which like some gray ghost it
grieves.
And yet perchance the song will ba
The sweeter for its note of loss.
Else how should one divine the sweat
Of blood which washed Emmanuel's
cross?
The warrior takes tho most of pears
Who once uplifted eword and
shield:
And he a balm to others Is
Who onco was wounded and was
healed.
GUT FITCH THELPS.
Shorkn for Professors.
New York Review.
The action of the trustees of Co
lumbia university In declaring what
is apparently a 60 per cent increase
in salaries beginning July 1. 1920.
is remarkable In several particulars.
Whatever may be the disadvantages
of committing the educational des
tinies of a great university to a group
largely composed of business men.
Hysterics Over Straight Ticket Law.
PORTLAND. Jan- 20. (To the Edi
tor.) When Walter Pierce of Union
county Indulges in some of his char
acteristic vocal explosions and the
Portland Journal throws its custo
mary fit over- anything done by a
republican it Is a safe bet that the
democratic machine is getting some
kind of a jolt, but It Is difficult to
understand why any fair-minded man
should take -exceptions to the law
just passed that enables a man who
chooses to do so to vote a straight
party ticket by making a single cross
in the printed circle. If he does not
choose to do so he can mark his cross
opposite every Individual name Just
as he did under the old law. Of what
right is he deprived? Why should he
go through the whole ticket and mark
every name if he desires to vote the
straight ticket, and what Is to pre-
Ticne but business men would have
had the courage or the vision to take i vent him voting a mixed ticket if he
so lone a steo forward. No xrrouo of ' so desires? Can we not have some
professors, however underpaid and real explanation of all this display of
the reverse of humble, would havo I hysterics over the new law?
The Listener la the Boston Transcript thought of asking- for so much. INQUIRER.
Vest Fined for Christmjfsw
Detroit News.
It was in 1621 that Governor Brad
ford was called upon to administer a
rebuke to some of tho young men of
tho New England colony who had
just come over on the little ship For
tune, and who wanted to celebrate
the holiday. Puritanism brought over
with It in the Mayflower the anti
Christmas feeling, and when tho
group of lusty youngsters attempted
to observe the day they were sharply
criticised by tho colony.
The men were called out to work
that day as on other days, but the
newcomers declared It aeainst tlveir
consciences to work Christmas day.
The governor left them and led away
the rest of tho workers. Hut when
he returned at noon, the young men
were In the street at play soma
pitching the bar and some playing
stool ball. He took away their im
plements and told them it was against
his conscience that they should play
while others worked, and that they
could observe the day within doors,
but there should be no "reveling" in
the streets.
On the day in question a tree was
chopped down and dragged Into one
of the rough cabins, where it was
trimmed with cranberries and pop
corn, while the young people feasted
their eyes on its beauties. These
"revelries" were frowned upon by the
majority of the colonists, and in 16;iS
the general court of Massachusetts
enacted a Inw that made any person
observing Christmas day liable to a
fine of "5 shi'lings." The law wa
repealed in 1681.
9