TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, JANUARY 1, 1920.
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MILLION ACRES OF OREGON LAND TO HAVE BENEFIT OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM!
State Now Has 44 Full-Fledged Regulation Districts and Bonds in the Sum of $13J800,Q00 Have Already Been Authorized Special Laws Declared to Enhance Development of Various Projects Under New Plan t
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A rdzzi c2 a &fi jgeclamati'ozi Service Pn?Jcc
engineer, It appears to the best Inter
est of the state and the district.
The same commission also examines
Hie projects in connection with the
certification of bonds, which certifica
tion makes the bonds legal Invest- which have not as
ments for trust funds and other slmi
lar investments..
Good Reanlta Obtained.
Results count, and Oregon has cer
the remainder have been used or are In Union county, however, a large
available for construction, work. 'drainage district has been organized
Bonds have been issued by 18 dls- which contemplates the regulation of
trlcts, leaving 28 districts, the most of the flow of water to a large area in
wmcn are more recently organized, the Grand Rondo valley, and In the
duelng period of the- year. Durintf.
June July and August there is on aa
average less rainfall In the Willan-"
ette valley than there is during the
same period in Santa Fe. N. M., or
Denver. These conditions, coupletf
with a readily accessible water rap
ply. Insures 4he irrigation of a con
siderable area of "Willamette valley
lands at some future time.
Conservation la Necmary.
Unquestionably the water is a van
able for only a small per cent of the"
lands in the state to which the ap
plication of water would be bene
ficial. However, careful study and:
conservation of our resources will xe-"
suit In the irrigation of thousands of
acres which would otherwise remain
arid. Unfortunately for reclamation
development in the popular mind, the
city of Portland has not been je.'
garded as directly Interested in anS!.
reclamation programme that- might;
be considered. - -
Not infrequently has the argument
been advanced that while Portland.?
has no land in her immediate vicing
ity. which would be affected by ajiy
reclamation programme that might be
undertaken, yet she would be "in
terested in the general developments
of the state. However, unless i'
are misinformed, one of the largest
bodies of unimproved or partially in--proved
land subject to reclamation -and
Intensive cultivation lies almost
at Fin-tland's city limits. 50.000 acres
of land, it is estimated lying along
the Columbia river and generally,
designated as Sativles" island, and;
other lands of similar character, com
prising a body of land the soil of
yet authorized
bonds. The state under the interest
payment amendment adopted at the
laat election, has agreed to pay the
Interest accruing on two issues ag
gregating 12,600,000 for the ensuing
denced by the large number of per
mits Issued by the state engineer for
uch development. These small de- which must from the very nature of
velopments are not confined to any things be fertile In character, and
particular section, but are located in which by the construction of proper
every county of the state, not ex- dyking system and perhaps the ap-
cludina- the coast counties. '"UUB -l B"me waier curing ine
It Is safe to say that irrigation n ..., , .
other counties Irrigation is extensive
ly practiced.
While irrigation development un
der the irrigation district plan has
held attention for the past three would Increase production on 75 per i hinr i tt,i -i.i -.
Islnlv rotten , lit rinrlnir ho " V.' ... . - . . . . .... ... ... ..
" two years, u will De noted that tnere years, some progress nas Deen maae cent oi tno tanas in uregan. xnis lanas in tne vicinity of Portland as
inreo years, we now nave irriga- are now bonds In the amount of by. the United states reclamation brings forcibly to mind the Import- several drainage districts have bee
tidn districts in the state. Including SS. 800. 000 n t h nrivA hut tint anlri service, and on Droiecta oneratlncr . v A &n..nvt.- i. i organized nnd thin will imHnnhtnllv
approximately 1,000,000 acres of lr-' This Is not due to the fact that these under the Carey act. . On the Kla- ment ( th6 8tate stimulate larger developments. "
rigable land Of this area anDroxi- b(nds are unmarketable, but largely math project a. district has been-or- T . h - Under the Irrigation district plan,
mftely 160 000 acres are ow Irrigated. to th8 fact that th Projects have not gani.ed to take over Its operation and " w" bo som8 fruit 8ec- or Its supplementary statute, the
Worka hZ hI onBtrnrTert reached the stage of organization or the reclamation service Is encourag- that Irrigation was unnecces- drainage district law. exploitation has
ZtHif M Thirh m Li,, the perfection of its plans, which per- ing the organization of other districts sary. In fact the soil water supply been largely, if not entirely, elimi-
--?.T iL -wi mits the sale of the bonds. in that vlcrnity which may enter into was sufficient to sunnlv the treps nated and one of the nromlxintr f.
of additional land next season. Some ln order tnat we may b comparison contracts with the service for the de- during the growing period, but proved tures of irrigation In Oregon today
wnen me ireea oegan to "mi m practically every case tne
Then It was found that land owners themselves carry out the
which have been constructed for some 1"1UWI, 10 irvm iut rtxon gi w onanao mo umiimi project, tno aaaea water was requirea to size up reclamation programme. We have
time and tha lands thereunder not 1 engineer, uccemoer i. ui: oniy omer reclamation service pro- tne iruit. inn provea to De tne case learnea Dy past experience that there
of nildlf Innal laj nrt aeasnn nm 1,1 u" mat wo may oj comparison cinnra.,i wiui ti'c oervico lor mo iw- curing tne gr
of these ' lands which T will be subject b86rv Progress made in the past few livery of water through Its canals. Inadequate w
to irrigation in 1920 r in years In irrigation development, the The Initial steps have also been taken bear fruit. '
which hive bn cnSt?unti? f, .1. following Is quoted from the report of to organize the UmatUia project, the added water
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t. p--. f r.. . K.rr. -C , n v. . .v. - nr.na r t,. 11 tna irrigation district law In Oregon, triot-
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ROSPECTS for Irrigation develop- having the best irrigation district, fice and all Important steps. Includ- oUotl. Tcts" VgtnizeT Vovering " .pprSk": Carey .Vt pw'ect th. cfntrh &eVon
ment in Oregon were never laws on the statute, books of any .state. Ing the plan of reclamation is subject " iTndlMluded in mately 416,375 acres, that bonds ag- project, have organized a district with
brighter. In order to fully ap- Its enapttnent marked a new epoch In to the supervision of this office. It frlcts tho majority of which will be "regatlng J7.511.000 have been author- a view of taking over the manage-
In summing up the operations of Ject ln the state, as an Irrigation dis-
me raooa river ana .rtogue river is no room ior exploitation oetween
valleys, as well as in many other sec- the cost the irrigator can afford to
tfnna tha ntat. tinv Q n I . , ...1 . 1 t .
PROSPECTS for Irrigation develop- having the best Irrigation dtrlct fice and all Important steps. Includ- trlcts organized covering approxi- Carey act project, the cSnirh Oregon The wiliameUe valley with Its mere Tu any leeway, the irriga or in
ment in Oregon were never laws on the statute, books of any .state. Ing the plan of reclamation is subject- "?edllnd lauded in project, have organized a district with wonderful agricultural possibilities entitled to the advantage. We must
hrlrhlsr Tn nrdef to fllllv an- T Anontncn rr,.-lr. -r .nnnt. I. to th sunervlsinn ftf this offlca. It .LOa na nciuaea. in. irrigation CIS- ..in .7 B1i 000 hv hn mithrtr. . nt t,l,l. . ,. . .. i. . j..i i , , . ." T
iiusb ivd uiuiiiaia wo v i j tinc i, i. i . k tienviuu mr me irrigator ana
predate this fact we have but to re- irrigation in Oregon. may o said in general tnat practical- irrigated within the next few years ''BU """ - approximately ment ot tne project irom tne irriga- adopt the development twins, "irrl- ty the irrigator. This is what the
call the years that followed the burst- It may be said ln passing that an IT all reclamation development, both about equals the total Irrigated area .7 L . , . .i . company. Two other Carey act gatlon and drainage." With 40 inches irrigation district plan provides and
Ing of the bubble In 1910, which closed Irrigation district is a munlcpal or- drainage and irrigation, ln the future in Oregon as shown by the last United - 7, .' projects are now unaer construction, ot annual precipitation, it is not oir- tnis is why it is proving a success,
forever, it is hopedTthe exploitation ganzation of land owners, with the will be under the district plan. - States census. st"c" a,p-pnrn , "vy-J. li-i.-!; thB-Walkor a.aIr, J"lBtIon ?roJ?ct ficult to see that drainage would be It has reduced irrigation ln Oregon
power-of taxation and the authority The district law was supplemented -
of which have "Pective districts ln which they are ect in Malheur county, with . 30.000 ity of Irrigation.
strict bonds' In the . wh'cn 23.000 acres were irrigated at La Pine, with 27.000 acres of Irrig- of some advantage. At the same time to a sound business basis and we may
- -.-v. " " - -. HiiMiuul i .. prior to mo urKanizatlon OI tno ro- nhllanrl and thA Jnrdan Vg n nr . It hrlniroi lnt nnsatlnn tho HffQirnhll. one-t l a i .;
T 4., - .t trt tcntiA tnni4a .1 - - ..J it th, lflct alftptlnn h- fli dAntlftn rtf w. ' u H iof a I ,V,l-, tV.a- --A -. . . . ... Z - . . . . . ... . . - a....
period in Irrigation development.
standstill ln this state for a number through the levy and collection, of a, constitutional amendment .under y,een BOa, have either received certlfi- now located
If this preclplta- line to go forward with unprecedented
acres of Irrigable land. tion were distributed with some de- rapidity.
Of years. In fact, it was not until the taxes and are disbursed through coun- which the state may pay Interest on cation of the Irrigation securities Projects Are Developed. In-considering irrigation develop- gree of uniformity throughout the Oregon's wonderful natural re
new irrigation district law was en- ty officials in the same -manner as Irrigation district bonds for any one commission or sold subject to certlfi- Irrigation districts have been or- ment we must not overlook the smalt year, no additional water would be sources, coupled with the fact that
acted by the 1917 legislature that a county funds An election Is neces- or mre of the first five years after cation, except one small issue which ganlzed a ln Josephine and Jackson private developments. A very large required. However. 94 degrees of It development along this line has been
tai vkanin; in ihu .,t.rii'ri nr. r tn nrfm'b. di.itiM t thelr isn. provided that upon was sold prior to the enactment of counties west of the Cascade moun- per cent of the total Irrigable area of occurs during nine months and only retarded in the past, gives us as
real awakening in tnis enterpnseoc- sary to organize a district and also to carefuJ investigation by a commission the certificate statute. While small tains, a.nd in all counties east of the the state has been irrigated through per cent during the remaining three surance of great progress, now that
inis pian or reclamation aumori-e tne issuance or Donds. Most composed of the attorney-general, su- issues of these bonds aggregating Cascade mountains except Wasco, individual effort and this class of de- months, which are June, July and we are in a position to take advan-
perlntendent of banks and the state S490.000 have been refunding bonds. Wheeler, union, Sherman ana orant. veiopment is still in progress as evl- August, comprising tho best crop-pro- tage of our opportunity.
curred.
placed lrrlgatlon'on a sound business irrigation' districts act In close CO
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OREGON ASSISTS SERVICE MEN IN LOCATIONS!
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State Takes Lead, Through Settlement Commission, to Make Farming and Kindred Pursuits More At-
tractive and Pleasant Unit No. 1 Is Established, With Returned Soldier as Buyer. 1
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By W. H. 'Crawford, Manager, Oregon mission is a duly incorporated state
Land Settlement Omixiilon. body with the following board of
MANY of the states as well as the directors: Whitney I Boise, chair
federal government have been man, Portland; Emery Olmstead,
struggling for years with the Portland; Charles Hall, Marshf ield;
problem of land settlement. The . H. Baker, Bend,, and Robert N.
world war introduced the factor of tanfield, Ontario,
the returned soldier. Very little has. . Legislature Takes Action,
ever been accomplished in a practical The thirtieth legislative assembly
way because of the magnitude of the of Oregon, in January, 1919. appropri-
problem and the Inability of those In- ated $50,000 to cover the two-year tract period,
terestea to outline a goou penou untu tne next session of ther The Investor is not encouraged to
programme. legislature in order to place. Into assume obligations . which he might
The federal government through practical operation a plan of financing have -difficulty ln paying.' On the
the investigations of a commission farm homes suggested to the legisla- other hand, there must be a sufficient
endeavored to ascertain why people ture by a small group of citizens who 1nve8tment of capital to insure suc-
- -a -Kannnlniy tha l.tlll anrt nnnCAn- hflfl haatl f-talrf . - 1 , . . t v. . l . v. ...
. . . . ' unit no. x is
uatiua iii v-'""' . - matter tor some time-
have been advanced as the cause, but The plan tB one interj?ed to be
persons who have been brought close- copied or imitated In prilute trans-
ly ln touch with the subject are pret- actions, thereby influencing aa-ricul-
ty well agreed I that wner . comiorts tural development work far beyond glneers. He and his wife have had
and conveniences found in city homes tho umltatinS of any possible state fufflclent farming experief.ee to qual
are provided for Amines llvlns;ln the appropriation. ,fy them to take up .this important
j.ne commission nas built, equipped, work, and they realize the great op
ture activities of the state along these
lines will be determined.
Under the plan of- the commission
a farmer Is encouraged to Invest such
amount as will enable a man of aver
age ability to acquire sufficient land;
satisfactory buildings and equipment,
which, together with his labor, will
return him a good living plus an in
come sufficiently large to retire his
financial obligation within the con-
62-acre farm de
signed for Intensive and diversified
farming. It has been sold to a re
turned soldier who saw hard service
in France with the United States En
country the tide of population may
again be reversed.
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Tt lth thi. thntiP-ht in mind. " " t " " ". "oo portunity mat na3 umn siven mem.
, I ,w KrtT Yr. uua,nBH "n". wmcn is located in the to acquire an Ideal farm home busl-
.upled with the ambition to work heart of the wilamette valley 24 ness.
it systematic methods of farm man- mUe( outh of independence. Addl- They also realize the responsibility
co
out systematic nietiiouo i mUes south of Independence. Addl- They also realize the responsibility
X. . ' 1 " v...-! uonal units win be turned over as of helping- to make a success of the
o.. the same basis as any other bus!- rnniHl v nmcihia riihi. v. i.i. -hi.h ,,... i .
ness, that the Oregon land settlement tton8 of tna mone available. At the imitated ln private . transactions or
next session of the legislature a com- enlarged by the further appropria
plete financial statement will be sub- of state funds, will help many others
mitted on the basis of which the f u- on the road to success.'
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commission was created and started
upon Its work.
The idea has received approval
from those who have given most
study to the problems of how to
make farm life attractive, but the
highest commendation is that from
wives who love the great outdoors 3
drdgeryath 1 Oregon Industries of High Quality Finding Favor - in Many New
IMERIT OF GOODS IS WINNER
Places, Record Shows,
milMHIIDfllS
Bj A O, Clark. Manager Aiwociated Indni
tries oi uregoa.
o:
ity, service and price that Oregon
makes Its demand for an even break
REGON is rapidly assuming her - h factories.
i"1"" ot inaustriai Foods manufactured here now find
thought a necessary part of Its life.
To be housed as well as the city
dweller, with hot and cold water at
kitchen sink and in the bathroom;
electric lights, sanitary conveniences
in and about the building, is to make
the country alluring to the prospect
ive settler. To sell an established. states by actually producing eu- ready markets throughout the United
going business on the same basis that perior merchandise. , " - States and many lines have invaded
the city dweller can buy a home, Is There was a time when our mahu- the export field and are meeting with
to enable the young people just start- facturerB depended largely upon sen- splendid success.
Ing down tne pathway of family life Q . . . Jl. . Zl . . In securing recognition ln markets
to find their opportunity to be lAde- timent to secure support for their oul8,de tne Btate, Oregon manufac-
pendeut. products; but that day has passed turers have successfully met the
Ilit Oregoa land settlement com- and it 1- now upon the basis ot q.ual- competition, of. v other national dis
tributors. This could not have been
accomplished . except by merit.
If buyers ln national markets find
our goods measure up to national
standards, surely our Oregon mer
chants and consumers ought to be
willing to recognize and acknowl
edge It In the only practical way, and
that is by actual support through
purchase.
If liberal patronage is afforded ln
the natural territory of our factories
it has the effect of enabling our local
factories to expand more rapidly, cre
ating greater prosperity as the dis
tribution of the payroll dollar In
creases. Payroll money Is the fastest
moving money In the world.
Every line of business and pro
fessional life Is directly benefited.
The producer of raw material .trans
portation, taxes, merchants, landlords,
farmer, professional men all come ln
for a share of payroll money.
All Share Benefit.
' With greater factories, there fol
lows more homes to maintain, more
schools, churches, libraries, property
values are increased, charl.y needs
and taxes are lessened.
Oregon manufacturers should have
a very large percentage of the home
market to be successful. We are lo
cated ln a far-away district with
rates much against us and, tn com
parison with thickly-populated east
ern centers, greatly handicapped in
covering the territory economically, t
The Associated Industries of Ore
gon, as an organization, has no con
cern with the labor problems that la
something for each factory to solve
for itself; neither does it undertake
to smooth out the financial difficul
ties of the various concerns. The
work it does undertake to do, and all
Its energies are devoted to It is that
of impressing the public with the
worth of the Oregon product and urge
the support' of the factories that turn
them out.
The Associated Industries of Oregon
is supported by 250 manufacturers of
Portland and Oregon and also secures
financial aid from the Chamber of
Commerce. It is officered and directed
by the following manufacturers:
H. C. Huntington, ' Portland Rubber
mllla, president; H. J. Frank. Blaumautr
Frank Drug- company, first vlce-prealdent :
W. J. Ball, W. J. Ball Waist company,
secoad vice.presideni; R. B. Bain Jr.,
ClosBet . Pevers, secretary; B. C. Darnall,
Swift &. Co.; R. M. Irvine, Fle'Uchner.
Mayer It Co.; K. N. Strong, Oregon Lire
Ineurance company; J. W. Vogan, Vostn'
Candy company; J, A. Zehntbauer. Jantzen
Knitting mills; A J. Bale, Pacific Coast
Biscuit company, and H, S, Gile, fhta com
pany, Salem, QSm
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IMAKING LIFE SAFE IS HEALTH BOARD'S AIM I
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I Conditions Making for Sturdier Citizenship Being Fostered Collection of Vital Statistics, Tuberculosis I
Work and County Nurse Systems Receive Attention Modern Crusade Introduced. 1
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maintains constant supervision over
the health officers of all the cities
and counties of the state. By ade
quate rules and regulations, all mat
ters concerning health are enforced
in the remotest regions. Dangerous
diseases are regularly reported to the
office, where charts are made to
graphically record their locations.
Thus epidemics are checked In their
incipiency by constant vigilance on
the part of the office and control
measures set Into effect. Epidemics
alone do not come, under this scope,
but all agencies which affect public
health.
Oregon Tuberculosis Association.
This association was organized in
1915 and Is financed entirely by
means of annnal Christmas sales of
Red Cross seals.' While the sole ob
ject of the association has been the
suppression of tuberculosis, it has at
all times had a keen recognition of
all other activities for the bettering
of physical welfare and the reduc
tion of disease and death rates.
A noteworthy accomplishment of
the association Is tho establishment
of the county public health nurse,
the modern health crusade and ef
fective legislation for the control of
tuberculosis.
Six counties now have secured
nurses made possible by legislation
Initiated in 1917 by the association.
The association enters an agreement
with the prospective county and
finances a three months' demonstra
tion of public .health nursing, after
which the county court takes over
the work at public expense. Five ad
ditional counties are pledged to un
dertake this work.
The county nurse is active in both
the home and the school. In the
home she administers bedside care
and gives Instructions on health and
prevention of disease, and through
her school Inspections makes known
the occurrence of physical defects and
contagious diseases. At all times
the nurses are Instructed to co-operate
with physicians and public offi
oials. Inasmuch as the activities of the
tuberculosis association i Ju lino
By David A. Robert, State Health Officer.
WITH this annual publication of
The Oregonlan, the state board
of health Is commencing Its
17th year of activities. From a meager
beginning, the board of health now
finds Itself operating under health
statates of a far-reaching and com
prehensive scope. Although at all
times ineagerly appropriated, it has
kept astride with national and stand
ard methods for better sanitation,
conservation of human life, and in the
bookkeeping of those agencies af
fecting individuals and communities
known as vital statistics.
The object of the state board of
health may be concretely stated as
that agency which makes life safe
under the present mode of existence
whereby pernicious habits and condi
tions ' are attendant to the modern
form, ot civilization, . such as com
merce. Industry, congested cities and
post-war Influences. .
Sturdier citizenship, better living
conditions and a reduction ln disease
and death rates are purchasable. The
health laws passed by the 1919 legis
lture were based on an expected ap
propriation of J95.000, but received
only J34.000 for their enactment. This
means a reduction by two-thirds of a
good protection to life. It Is safe to
frankly make this statement of
meager appropriation oecause the
state of Oregon as a result of Its
health-giving climate and pure water
enjoys a death rate so low as to be
uncomprehended by eastern and south
ern ctatf s. '
Possibilities) Are Orear.
The state board of health, given
adequate appropriations, could take
advantage of the potential possibili
ties of ouf salubrious climate and so
reduce disease and death rates, and
further the physical welfare of our
people that Oregon would hold a
place supreme ln health matters and
be the envy of all states. To hold
such a place would be of intestimable
value to Oregon both financially and
industrially. Oregon is on. the eve of
Aa influx of tourist- 1 slow out
scenic wonders and to enjoy our
climate.
Although not subdivided Into bu
reaus as Is -the rule with standardly
organized boards, of health, tha Ore
gon board of health is equipped with
a modern laboratory and a well
trained office personnel.
Senators Chamberlain and Kahn
have secured federal legislation
whereby $14,629 Is available for two
years expenditures for the control of
venereal diseases, beginning July 1,
1918, and ending June 30, 1920. This
has made possible the lnstalftitlon of
a systematic effort in making ven
ereal diseases a public health meas
ure. The personnel secured through
this federal appropriation, together
with the facilities of the board of
health, the Oregon Social Hygiene so
ciety and the Cedars (a Portland mu
nicipal hospital for the isolation and
treatment of venereals), makes pos
sible the detection, treatment and
Isolation of venereally Infected wom
en. During the war It was estab
lished that to properly mobilize the
army It was first necessary to control
venereal diseases, and during the de
mobilization of the army, federal aid
became necessary to continue war
time control measures.
Collection of Vital Statistic.
' The board of health now operates
a system for the compilation of the
records of births and deaths' which is
recognized by the federal census bu
reau by having Oregon placed in the
federal registration area. Statistics
collected in registration states are
published as authentic in the govern
ment reports. Vital statistics bear
the same relationship to the board of
health that a bookkeeping and In
ventory system bears to a business
ln fact, vital statistics keep avail
able all the Information necessary to
properly Interpret all the changes to
which lifeMs subjected and serve as
the only guide ln directing health
control measures. Certified copies of
births and deaths are demanded reg
ularly for legal. Insurance and civil
service requirements. Citizenship and
property ownership are also estab
lished by certified copies of births and
deaths.
ilia office oj ja board ot icalta.
with those of the state board of
health, the latter, through Its bureau
of public health nursing supervises
the work of tho nurses.
The modorn health crusado has re
cently been Introduced and entirely
financed by the association. It has
proved a most valuable aid in better
ing 'he health of school children.
Oregon Is to be complimented in par
ticipating ln this new work, which Is
already Internatloral. To date there
are 60,000 piiDlia enrolled ln this
movement. These pupils approach
knighthood in the crusade for health
by the dally observance of tasks in
personal cleanliness and hygiene. Tha
furthering of this work in the public
schools will undoubtedly prove one of
the most valuable for the welfare of
school children.
'""""MiiHtiiwiiMiniiitnsnnisiiiiTiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuMiimriiiiMipiiii'j
State Library Is I
Reaching Farmers
Institution Una 600 Traveling!
Branches for Reloans, Making I
for Contentment. i
THE Oregon state library has the
largest mail order circulation of
any library in the United States. Dur
ing the biennium 135,000 books were
shipped out. 'There were 11,900 mall
order requests for general loans, aside
from requests for traveling library
fixed collections.
Books are deposited In 600 branch
traveling libraries for reloaning. They
are circulated through '5 public li
braries, hundreds of schools and
about 9000 readers who live too far
from any of these stations to get
books through them.
Through its traveling library sys
tem and loan collections books are
sent by mall, freight and express to
small public libraries, schools,
granges, clubs, debating teams, ag
ricultural agents and to people in
every isolated place ln the state.
Through this continuous distribu
tion of books the Oregon state li
brary has become a highly valued and
important institution and has served
to make more contented and enlight
ened citizens of those residing on
farms and in the sparsely settled dis
tricts and has placed the villages
and rural communities on a basis of
equality with cities in the matter ot
byok, supply,
1