r 6 I DAIRY INDUSTRY IS HELD ONE OF GREATEST AND BEST-PAYING IN - - i . Faithful Cow and Business V -V A : U:4 -4 . y 0 Qfrz: '-.J ft I .,- . ' "1 ' ViL-4 Oregon Thorouglzre JfQJsfeJzzDazz-y Conr. w J m . m. . :; ); : ;; , m, ;;;,;. ;;. 'ma y m : Bj J. D. Mickle, State Dairy and Food Coniuiltmioner. 6i P LANT more wheat." "Raise have become elogans of the past. The dairy- cow and the industry founded upon the rock of her produc tion remains as steadfast as ever. It is true that certain war activities brought about conditions that tended toward reducing- the number of dairy animals In. the country; consequently a decrease in production and some dairymen, tempted by the high prices offered for grains, took up grain raisin? as an expedient, but the real laayman was not sidetracked by the offer of excessive prices for other farm products, and it appears now that he 1 beginning- to reap his re ward for patiently waiting for better returns for his labor. Never In the history of the country have price paid for dairy products MESSAGE OF RIGHT FEEDING GIVEN MOTHERS f lOregon Dairy Council Emphasizes Importance of Careful Attention to Milk Diet and Its Exhibits Have At i traded State-Wide Attention Valuable Surveys Are Made. KlimimiuiiHiaiiiwiuiiiraHuiiiiiiiiiHiHiimHMiwiiia By K tilth. Knight Hill. Secretary Oregon Ialry Council. GETTING the message of right feeding and the importance of -oilk In the diet to tho house wife and mother has been one of the Important missions of the Oregon Dairy council. The organization is ' recognized throughout the country as one of the live-wire councils and its work has been commended by the national dairy council and by men and women whose word bespeaks authorities on the subject. P. M. Brandt, Oregon Agricultural college, is president; and associated with him on the board are men representing the public and the industry. The Oregon Dairy council was or ganized at first as a temporary patriotic organization with the back- lng of the state dairy and) food com- mission, the Oregon Agricultural col lege, the Portland bureau of health and the federal food administration of Oregon. It was a war-time measure to encourage the dairymen and to spread knowledge regarding the food value of milk and the Importance of dairy products in the diet. Feed was scarce, labor scarcer and to dairymen were discouraged. The davry council stood ready to help them and did a good service. Families were cutting down on the milk orders and as a result the health of the children was menaced. The coun cil stirred up interest in the vital food values of milk and pure butter and got the indorsement of the state superintendent, of education, the gov ernor, the large state organizations and many other persons of Influence. As the work progressed it was shown that it should not be allowed to dis continue, and so by persistent effort on the part of a few loyal workers the council was organized on a, per- manent basis. Its headquarter are in the Broad- way building where anyone wishing to refer to dairy literature or to sub mit dairy problems, may do so. Its literature and posters are indorsed and used by the parents' educational bureau, the Oregon parent-teacher association and the children's bureau. The secretary of the council has secured a vast amount of help and co-operation from the newspapers and the parent-teacher and other im portant associations throughout the state. The council has put on several ex. 7 v 7 - , Founded Upon Rock of Her Production Remain Steadfast Climatic and Other aWSiigMeJ :;a3IUVajJv::ira lllhJ'I'MI I n I 11 'I - 1 ' j m JL Jersey -.of t7ie JligZzest Type. been so high as they are now. Still they are not too high when we figure the cost of .production. With, milk quoted by a prominent condensing firm at $4.25 per hundredweight and butterfat at 67 much larger returns will be made to dairy farmers than ever before. Notwithstanding the fact that we have passed through a most trying period, dairy cowa of Oregon have continued holding the state .in the limelight in the matter of high pro duction and the breaking of world's records. The work of such cows as Viva la France will probably hold this state In the lead of all others for some time to come. While the Jersey breed predominate in pure bred cattle, Hol stelns and Guernseys are multiplying rapidly, four carloads of eastern Guernseys being brought into Ore hibits that have attracted attention from the public and the dairy farmers and educators interested in the prop er feeding of children. At Cre&ham at the county fair and manufacturers' and land products show and at Salem at the state fair the council had edu cational exhibits, which created a great deal of interest. The council also had charge of the programme dairy day at the state fair. At the food show in Portalnd the council amount of ,250 and their exhiblt showing the ingredients of milk was quite a sensation. Milk Survey Made. The milk survey made through- out the entire state is a means of calling to the attention of children and parents the fact that milk is an es sential in the diet and that there are no substitutes for dairy products. The children of the schools are asked how many get no milk in their diet and how many get a cup or a pint. The answers are noted on a card and results sent to the prtneipal who com piles them and sends them to the council. The fact that about one third of the children are getting no milk in their daily diet awakens the parents to look into the food value of milk and to realize that even at the present price it is the cheapest food in the nourishing value for the money. The parent-teacher circles and clubs are using the council's litera ture and are giving special attention to the food value of dairy products. The parent-teachers .and federated clubs are helping loyally and If the parents of Oregon do not awaken to che importance of the value of milk. it will not be for want of interest IjiHiitwinnimiiiiHUHimiiimtiiiiuiiiitiiHiWHiitiiumHiiHiHiimiiuniniiiiiitifiiuimwiiHiiimiiiHuiiniunititm ! FINANCIAL SITUATION IS SOUND I 1 Oregon Banks Experience Splendid, . T Factor In uiwniiiiiuifiMiiiiniMinmntumuiiiMii!mijiwimiK.j By Will H. Bennett, State Superintendent of Banks. THE general prosperity of the with a atrong demand at high prices, country is reflected strongly In A1I of this weaUh and prosperity is the prosperity and development quickly noted in the financial state in the state of Oregon. Irrigation dls- ments of the banks in Oregon. The tricts are transforming raw sagebrush deposits have increased, the banks lands into alfalfa fields and there is are prosperous and in excellent condi- a strong: demand for the large crops of hay at high prices. The wheat districts produced an enormous .crop, which has brought millions of dollars to the farmers. The uine conditions I i III n illl i I h III n ill '11U1M11I I I j m gon during the past year just past. The work being done by cow-testing associations is a good indication of the progress being made in the in dustry, in that this work means better care will be given to profitable cows, while the unprofitable ones will be culled out and replaced by others. Oregon now has seven cow-testing associations, with a total of about 6000 cows. The work is under the supervision of Professor E. L. West over, dairy husbandman, extension department, Oregon Agricultural col lege. There are also a large number of herds doing official testing. Professor S. Fine of Oregon Agricultural col lege, in his latest report, says: "Dur ing the last year the number of herds on test were doubled, and by the first of the new year we should have close to 100 herds on official test." 13airy organizations have been un iiimnuumtnHnitMmmiiiiiHiinuiimtinmimiiiwtiiiiiuMilnnKinimm.'Mii'? on the part of these splendid or ganizations. The dairymen, creamery men, cheese men and others in terested should know that there is a great campaign going on to arouse appreciation for their wares. A great help is tho backing of the Oregon Agricultural college and the home economics teachers of the state. Miss Ava Milam of Oregon Agricultural college. Miss Lilian Tingle of Uni versity of Oregon and Miss Edna Groves of Portland, are among the strong supporters of the dairy coun cil's educational work. A particularly helpful demonstra tion that cost the council several hundred dollars was the dairy herd exhibit and demonstration- at the Pacific-International Livestock expo sition. Dr. D. W. Mack, L. B.' Ziemer and E. L. Westover. representing the city bureau of health, the dairy and food commission and Oregon Agricultural college were Instrumental in putting on the splendid educational displays at the various fairs and the live stock show and were rewarded only by the fact that thousands of persons who stopped to study the exhibits got a new vision of the importance of milk in the diet. On the board of the dairy council are Professor Brandt, head of the dairy department of Oregon Agricul tural college; R. L. Sabin, vic-presi-dent; F. L. Shull, treasurer W. K. Newell, A. Jensen. Carl inaberlach of Tillamook, F. G. Deckebach of Salem, W. K. Taylor, a prominent dairyman of Corvallls; J. D. Mickle, state dairy and food commissioner; Ira Steigerwald, Carl Schallinger. J 12. Dunne, P. O. Powell, a farmer of Monmouth; A. M. Work and Dr. MS.ck. e Consistent Growth and Are Strong I Progress. prevail in the districts which raised fruits and berries enormous crops tion Figures taken from the report of condition called for the close of busi ness September 12. 1919, by the state banking department, show 267 banks. yjaiiiLii? " j TOE MORNING OREGONIAN, ,y;:r - -.A" , ilv VP ) -iV rirA K I j f - iv' ' : . v. x;. . . .w .... s'lyy-wt:; .i ? . H, . TPsTw 5niiM4 - - - ' x- ? ! i - ii. . usually active during the past two years. The State Dairy association has adopted the plan of holding meet ings quarterly in various sections of the sta'te instead of confining its ef forts to one annual meeting. Under its auspices meetings have been held this year at Marshf ield, Bandon, Myrtle Point. Hermiston and Eugene. The Oregon Dairy council has car ried on a persistent campaign of education, showing the food value of dairy products. Mrs. Edith Knight Hill has kept this information con tinually before the public through the press of the city and country.. Edu cational exhibits have been made at the Multnomah county fair, state fair and the Pacific International. The various breed organizations have also been active in encouraging the breeding of more pure-bred dairy cattle. Jersey breeders, Kolstein breeders and Guernsey breeders are well organized and are looking after both state and national banks in this state, with total resources of $337,-' 662,332.75, an increase of J92, 492.698.97 over the report of August 31. 1918. Loans and Investments carried by the banks in Oregon, as reported Sep tember 12. amounted to $248,642,687.71. an Increase of 157,133,322.23 over the report of a year ago. Their invest ment in banking houses, furniture and fixtures totaled $5,815,846.56. being an Increase of $119,499.03 in the past year. This does not represent the full investment of the banks in their banking houses, furniture and fix tures, as reductions in the book value of these items are made annually by practically every bank. For the dally business on September 12 the banks had in cash on hand and due from other banks, including the federal reserve bank, the sum of $78, 763,286.88. an increase of $29,339. 265.95 over the 1918 report. This was an average reserve of 27 per cent upon the total deposits. The total deposits carried by the banks amounted to $288,470,494.58, which was made up of demand de posits, $219,645,896.79. and time and savings deposits, $68,824,597.79. This is an Increase in deposits of $91,498, 156.58 over the report of August 30, .1918. Capital la Large. The paid-in capital of the banks in Oregon was $20,023,750, with surplus and undivided profits of $13,352,500.28. The increase over the report for Aug ust 31. 1918. was $789,250 in capital and $1,656,478.55 for surplus and un divided profits. These figures indi cate the strength and stability of the banks of this state. Since the report of September 12 was filed five new banks have been opened for business. During the past year 14 new state banks and one national bank have been incorporated. Two state banks have joined the national banking sys tem. No bank failures in Oregon have occurred during the same period, a record to which the state can point with pride. With continued prosperity our state will show greater development in the future than during the past few years. The "back-to-the-farm" movement is easily accomplished with gratifying and profitable results to all who un dertake it. The state banking department calls for not less than five reports of con dition from the state banks and trust companies under its jurisdiction at the same time and for the same date on which reports are required from national banks by the controller of the currency. Complimentary reports are furnished the state banking de partment by the national banks, thus complete financial statistics for the state are made available and are pub lished by the state banking depart ment after each call report. The banking department is self-supporting, its income being derived from fees for examinations paid by the banks and from various other fees. THURSDAY, JANUARY 3 Conditions Are Ideal Cheese Is Important and Growing Feature Modern Means Generally Employed l .i . , the interests of their respective breeds very closely. Greater advancement has been made along the market end of the industry than during any preceding year. In this the Tillamook Cheese association stands out foremost. This associa tion now has its own county dairy inspector, a county veterinarian, a cheese factory inspector and a paid secretary, who receives a higher com pensation than the governor of the state of Oregon. The sale of the whole production of the association is handled through the office of the secretary, and the membership is made up of various directors of local cheese factories. There is not another such dairy organization In the coun try. The Oregon Dairymen's league has widened the extent of lta activities; its membership is increasing and its influence has become the predomi nating factor In the sale of market STRAWBERRY CULTURE EXTENDS THROUGH STATE ) 1 Oregon Growers Produced 5 Per Cent of Total Tonnage In America During 1919, for Which They Received .$1,000,000, Highest Returns Ever Recorded Here. I By W. H. Walton, Editor Better Fruit. OF THE bush fruits, the straw berry until the last year, was the largest income-producer in Oregon, but the heavy planting of loganber ries has now pushed it back into sec ond place. The fame of Oregon as a strawberry-producing state has large ly rested on the Clark seedling, pro duced so extensively in the Hood River valley and to some extent in other sections-of the state. This ber ry, which has no superior as a ship per, has been sold successfully all over the middle west when market ing conditions made it necessary and has widely advertised Oregon and its strawberries. From now on, however, the reputa tion of Oregon as a xtrawberry-pro-ducing state will not be confined to the limited area in the Hood River valley, as the erection of canning and processing plants throughout the state is causing extensive plantings in western Oregon and thousands of pounds of this fruit, canned, and put up in the form of Jams and jellies, will be shipped to all parts of the world. In 1919 Oregon produced about 5 per cent of the total tonnage of strawberries grown in the United States, for which the growers re ceived in the neighborhood of $1,000, 000. Of this amount the Hood River district which shipped over 100 cars received $300,000. In fact, the net returns to the growers this year were the highest ever known in the his tory of the industry. The other large producing districts were western and southern Oregon and those parts of eastern Oregon where there is irri gation or the rainfall is not too light to prevent the fruit from maturing. While great ' success has been achieved in producing strawberries In the Hood River district, the brg de velopment in this Industry in the fu ture will be in the Willamette valley and other sections of western Ore gon, where the soli and climate are particularly adapted to the propaga tion of this berry and where fixed markets have been made for it by establishing canneries at most of the central points In this territory, such as Salem, Albany, Roseburg and Eu gene. Growing Area Extcnda. In fact the creation of co-operative marketing organizations and the erection of processing plants, coupled with profitable returns. Is stimu lating the buKh fruit industry to such an'exlent that Clatsop, Coos and other 1, 1920. Thoroughbred Oreqon JJolsMn Calves vr L , II jin Oreqoex JerJety j&ertZ milk In Portland and. the vicinity. The closing year nas brought its changes In the passing of a few weak creameries and cheese factories, while on the other hand, other creameries have been strengthened and the out put of many cheese factories has been increased. Condensed milk trade has been un usually good. Several condensers that were formerly in bad financial cir cumstances have been taken over by parties that, are financially sound. Some of them have been almost com pletely remodeled and are now doing business up to manufacturing capac ity. Three prominent condensed milk concerns have entered the state dur ing the year now closing. What of the future? It does not re quire a prophet to forecast the future of the dairy industry of Oregon, for when it comes to natural advantages. Oregon has much to offer that is not often found. When the man from counties in the western and southern part of the state that heretofore have grown a limited quantity of straw berries are now entering the industry and will be heavy producers in the near future. This year the demand for this popular fruit at the highest prices ever known was far greater than the supply and no shipment was too small to attract the buyer. Planted on the right kind of soil and given reasonable care, the straw- berry grows to a perfection in both quality and yield in Oregon not ex- celled elsewhere. There are many i acres 01 me oencn lanas of western Oregon that can be pur- chased at a reasonable figure that present fine opportunities for the prospective strawberry grower. Dis tance from market, which was for merly a bar to raising berries in many of these sections, is no longer much of a factor, having been over come by the introduction of motor trucks, many of which, are now op erated by the purchasers of the fruit and call daily at the growers' patch for the berries. The varieties of strawberries that have been the most widely raised in K xT M the eastern Oregon dlBtrlot are the limited capital necessary the careful Marshall and Wilson. The Marshall grower should get big returns. 2iwmliraiiuwiimiiwtMmiiiMiNMiuiimnmiuimuitiiiiwHMwiWH I FILBERTS PROVE GOOD VALUE ! Experience With This Choice Nut Reveals It Thrives in Oregon Soil 1 I - and Climate. uiuiiininiimiiini By A. M. Gray. THIS is a big subject and one about which all of us have much to learn, but we are far enough along to make the planting of a filbert grove a safe investment and a very profita ble one. More than that, we do not have to wait forever for returns. While filberts aeem to do well on poor soil, yet I want to say to those who contemplate planting a grove, that the better the soil and the bet ter tho care, the better the tree. The best grove I have seen is that of Ho mer A. Kruse, four miles east of Wll sonville. Or., on high bottom land along the Willamette river. This grove is on A 1 soil and has had ex cellent care. It is 14 years old and has been producing handsomely for nine or ten years. This year $500 was realized from not an unusual crop. There is slightly more than an acre and some of the trees are not of the bearing varieties. Before planting, it might be well 4i fr x j Minnesota or Wisconsin comes to us and desires to settle where climatic conditions are similar to those of states mentioned, we can place him in eastern Oregon anywhere between Ontario and The Dalles, and when he has become somewhat acclimated and Imbibed a little of the western spirit there is seldom found within him any longing for the eastern state. This Is not always the case, of course, for we have known of men who have come out here becoming dissatisfied, and they have gone back to Iowa, Kansas or Nebraska; but we have also known of some of those name men coming back to Oregon to remain here. If a man is somewhat particular and desires to get into a place where he can find some of the real dairy advantages he once knew in Holland," or a place where the pastures are al ways green, where the ground never freezes, where white clover grows wild, and where the greatest amount uitimiinHiiiUHiinjiintiuni; is a mid-season berry of fine quality, not a very good shipper and is there fore largely consumed in local mar kets. The Wilson, which should be grown on rich soils, is a fine canning berry and given caro is one of tho heaviest producers. The Magoon, Gold Dollar and Oregon are some of the other important varieties that are being successfully produced in the western section of the state. Some of the long fruiting varieties are now being recommended for this section where canneries are located ,nH a nnuiHr-ohi nimiinir n ik ever-bearing varieties is expected to take place next spring. East of the Cascades the Clark Seedling, which is both a superior shipping and can ning berry, is grown almost to the exclusion of any other strawberry. Here it thrives and brings rich re turns to the grower, although not such a heavy producer as some of the varlties grown in the western sec tion of the state. Like the other bush fruits, the strawberry at the present time offers a fine opportunity for an investment in fruit-raising in Oregon. With new markets, stabilized prices and only miiiniHiiiiaiiiiniiiiijunaiifuiinmHHilUHiuilunniinuiiiaiiiuitiiiiHinitMiA to know something of the market possibilities. Five years ago I de cided to look into this feature of the business. I took samples of filberts from here and went to Philadelphia to the big Importing nut houses to get tab on the market. The filberts were regularly sampled and pro nounced much better than tho im ported varieties. I told those buyers that I was there simply to size up the market. They told me to go back to Oregon and urge the planting and production to the limit, that the market was limited only by the production; that they were prepared to buy 25,000,000 pounds annually. At that time they were importing around 12,000,000 pounds. As is well known, the filbert sprouts around the base as does the wild hazel. This is hard on the tree and harder on the man to remove those sprouts. The filbert root proper does not sprout. The sprouting occurs at the OREGON l i .. .; tft Vxs. yrpr AJirmxtita of labor in connection with the oper ation of the dairy is the milking of the cows, we can set this man down, in either Columbia, Clatsop, Tilla mook. Coos or Curry county, and there lie will find his ideal. If the reader of these lines feels inclined to question the truth thereof, let him write Roy Jones, county agricultural am'ui of Tillamook county; J. L. Smith, ex-county agent for Coos coun ty. Coquille, Or., or to County Agent L.echner of Clatsop county, at Asto ria. 1 have traveled through parts of New York. Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois, through rich dairy com munities with splendid farm homes, Kiwu Ki-hoola and roads, where every thing indicated prosperity, but, after nil. I have come back to Oregon bet ter satisfied with what wc have here; more confident as to her future, and happy in the thought that it may bo my privilege to have a small part in the future upbuilding of eo great a slate. point of union of the tree bark and lie root bark. If this point of union be brought above the ground In transplanting to the grove, all the sprouting will bo above the ground and the sprouts may be rubbed off Trom time to time with the hand. Soon the sprouting will cease. Put the sprouts in the nursery for a year and when digging, save all of tho roots. Do not prune the roots. Krum tho point of union of tho tree bark and the root bark down for six: or eight inches, gather all the roota together and bind them with a piece of old cloth, making a stem of them. Plant with tho point of union of tho tree bark and root bark two inches above ground, and you will havo a tree that will sprout only above the ground. The filbert is native around the Mediterranean and up through France and England. It has been success fully grown in the Pacific northwest. jumiuiiimmiHninniuuiiiimumimiuHiniwiimiMimiiiiliiliiimmiiiauiia e State's Flax Crop 1 Yields Fair Returns I i Marlon County Growers Shown to Have Received SSOtlO for Rise of I Land. a uiuiiiiimttiniHiiiiiiiiiniilliuiiiiiiiiiNHiiuiuiiitiiiiniiimiiinHiiiiiiiiuHiiuti S)ME idea of the extent to which flax Is grown In Marlon county may be gained by figures made pub' lie by R. Lee Steiner, warden of the Oregon state penitentiary, which show that farmers on whose land this product was grown for the prison plant last year, returned to tho grow ers more than $7000. While the value of the year's crop cannot be estimated, the indication is that notwithstanding the yield was lighter than usual, there will be a big percentage of profit. Super visor Eshleman estimates that the value of the fiber, tow and seed will be about $23,500. The state board of control recently disposed ot one carload of last year's tow, which since December has been stored in a warehouse of the Belmont Packing & Rubber company In Phil adelphia. In the carload was 24.S20 pounds of water-retted tow and 5037 pounds of dew-retted tow. a total of 29.S50 pounds, and in addition two bales of scutched fiber, amounting to S70 pounds, sent as a memorandum shipment. The Belmont company had agreed to buy the shipment of tow at 25 cents a pound, but later claimed that the consignment did not come up to the samples and refused to accept it. Recently the Robert Andrews com pany, manufacturers of New York, made Inquiry about a carload of tow. and when the firm offered 2Z cents a pound, the deal was closed, tile sale price being. $.iiyi. lift J 4