THE - MORNING OKEGOXIANr MOXDAT, DECEMBER 1, 1919. BAKER FOR CHANGE m .organization of War De apartment Also Advised. TRAINING PLAN FAVORED there was resolution and a clear- ig-hted knowledge of the size of the ask. It would have been idle to plan for a small American army. On the other hand, it required imag-ina- ion and daring to plan for a large ne to take a million American men to France, separate them from, home by 3,000 miles of ocean and subject them to the hazard of the uncertain nd diminishing food supplies of Eu rope. And there still remained the urtber question: If these difficul ties could be overcome, could they be overcome in time? 'General Pershine and . his asso- iates grave no room to doubt and ac cepted no counsel except that of de termination. When the critical hour came and the combined energies of Secretary Advocates System of .' Schools in Connection Willi V Military Instruction. ."WASHINGTON. Nov. 30. War ex perience plainly enows the necessity for fundamental reorganization of the army and of the war department it teif. Secretary Baker declared today in his auual report. He recommended that the emergency organization, re duced to the peace-time size, be made permanent, and approved the general Btaf bill for a regular establishment 'adequate in size to be the nucleus of any great military mobilization the country may be called upon to make," and backed up by a system of uni versal training. "In such a policy," Mr. Baker said, "the accent is upon the citizen and not the soldier; the officers becoming a permanent corps of experts and the men a body temporarily devoting a portion of their time to military train ing in order that they may enter civil life with a sense of national service and with superior equipment for suc cess." ' "It is difficult to believe," he said, denying any danger of militarism, "that an army could be formed of Americans, educated in our common schools, raised in the free and demo cratic atmosphere of our institutions, which would still be hostile to those institutions and liberties. The world war jias miuwn 1 1 u 1 1 . . . . j ...... - armies reflect the spirit of the people from whom they come, rather than create a spirit of their own, so that the size of the army is not so im portant from the point of view now under consideration, as the kind of an army." Educational Feature Argued. The selective service law was ac cepted as a fair means of assigning men to military service in time of war, Mr. Baker said, but compulsory service in time of peace would be "a poor substitute for the volunteer principal properly applied." Raising a. standing army by financial induce ment Is too costly to contemplate, he added, leaving only the method of "making enlistment in the army an educational opportunity" to furnish the troops. The recommendation for an in creased standing army, he declared, should not be taken to indicate a dis inclination toward the prospect of disarmament. -"Those who know the spirit of the American army," the secretary said, "will not ascribe to it any provocative temper. There is glory left in the career and the sacrifice of the soldier, but the mild and spectacular contests of an earlier age have become a stern and cruel business, and while there is cheerful willingness to encounter the privations and make the sacrifices which war demands, the men of the American army are abreast with' en lightened men everywhere in the hope that more humane and rational pro cesses of adjustment will supersede the waste and loss of armed conflict. They are, however, of the belief that so long as it is necessary forus to maintain an army at all we are not justified in having an inefficient army, and their recommendations are lo be viewed as setting them apart us men who, by reason of their exper ience, are qualified to speak upon the provision whicli should be made for the common good and the common protection should the test of war be come unavoidable." Plan Is Infolded. The plan recommended, Mr. Baker aid, looks to the establishment of systems of schools teaching the for- m;il branches of education and adding to them the skilled trades, "so that at the end of a term of enlistment, the young man entering in his nineteenth year will go back to civil life with the physical set-up which the ouen. athletic life of the army gives, and with tne education and training which will make him more valuable in civil pursuits than he could otherwise have been. Social and recreational oppor uinlties also must be supplied, he said, so that the graduate from the army "will bring back with him the social virtues which result from edu cation of mind and hand acquired in an environment made stimulating by the presence of a high purpose and nonse of service, and generous asso ciation with his fellows." "The military policy recommendc-d by the war department, therefore, in volves a new army created with a new spirit, having wide civic usefulness and of such size and origination as to be an adequate reliance in case of eed. the report said. Air. Baker said the operations in ranee would be dealt with in the special report being prepared bv Gen eral Pershing. Not even the allied war council, he said, had realized the ef fect upon Germany of the accelerated movement of troops and supplies from the United States, and all plans had Deen prepared for a vigorous cam paign in the spring of 1919. , Savins 1m Cited. naa not tne great troop move ment of the summer of 1918 been carried out," he said, "the practically continuous battle on the west fron nom Aiarcn to November would not nave oeen possible. The saving to the world in thus shortening the w was incalculable alike in life and treasure. The text of the initial order to Gen eral Tershiiig, which is quoted, show he was instructed to keep the Amei lean army "a separate and distint component of the combined forces, th Identity of which must be preserved he method -of co-operation with th Miles was left to his discretion and, Mr. Baker added, that the authorit thus conferred "was never in any par tictilar modified or diminished." "There were elements in the prob nviii which might well have cause crave apprehension," the report said "I he armies of France, Great Britai and Italy had borne for three years the furious and deadly assaults of the great German military machine, the loll levied by battle upon the man power of these nations had been ap palling, and it was becoming in creasingly difficult for them to main tain their divisions at full strength. The submarine peril menaced the supply of munitions of war and of foodstuffs to great civil populations. "Meanwhile the German armies had crushed long-planned offensives by the allied armies with apparent ease and by the collapse of Russia were daJly being strengthened by divisions of trained soldiers brought from the eastern front until the menace of su perior numbers and apparently inex haustible supplies of the munitions of war haunted the councils of the allied powers. Small Army I'aeltrtiM. "But those who visited General Pershing's headquarters during the war ktiuw lUtil i.oiu the beg'uuiug CALIFORNIA SENATOR WHO FRAHKD AlTOMOBaK LAWS OF" THAT STATE. U $ H ll 1 ?l h ' W' ' i M P r. H ' '" I? k ""H-" ; Jjf If ; r... .v7-r.rf.1j riff - Safe Si'ir: : Zi ! I lol- Lfirri - s i ,. x - i ! " 8 For Rent 'I I i'lj )' 1 Call and inspect this K j ' s-x ' v 't A l modern equipment re- , J i. " V . cently installed - " t $ I V'tVi i Trust Department . , i I ' f , Saings Department I " i 'Tl M H i Foreign Department ;r , , :j ' A " ,J A :5 1 A General Banking tl v, , - v::V ' : V United States . - V. li. Efcaward. I i sa 4i$ se4 ' t i ' :: ; ,.;f. Bank "'v :: " j' Sixth and Stark Streets ' fl H :: V, hit - it U 'f ?! H i ( 2fue. .:;:: . -.-2 , i ...... .. . 4 ; is. Senator F. L. Eksward of the California legislature, father of the California automobile law, will address the members' fo rum of the Chamber of Com merce December 8 on "Uniform ity of Automobile Laws in Pa cific Coast States." Senator Eksward has com pleted a tour of Washington state, where he addressed civic bodies in Seattle, Spokane, Ta coma and other centers. He has toured Arizona and was in Salem the past week. Discussing his theory, Senator Eksward said: "It has been my thought in advocating uniformity in motor vehicle laws for the Pacific coast states that with such a system the motorist who com plied with the law of his home state would know that in other states the law is substantially the same and therefore he would find greater pleasure in touring. Every man is supposed to know the law and ignorance of it is no excuse. Much damage, finan cial loss and even the taking of human life would largely be avoided if automobile owners and drivers were better in formed as to the laws and acted in accordance with them." He pointed out wide variance in headlight laws of the Pacific coast states, necessitating changes in lighting systems on cars used en tour. He also cited the lack of standard rules of the road and explained laws designed to prevent auto theft and other matters concerning which he holds the Pacific coast ' states should get together. the United States and Great Britain did surpass all previous estimates and landed 2,000,000 men in France, the arrangements made for their recep- on and their maintenance were found adequate: and had the war gone on and the 80-division program been carried out, the imagination and dar ing of these early plans would still have been adequate. "It is a wonderful story and ex hibits at its best the confidence in their institutions which Americans may justly have." Separate Air Force Oppoied. Mr. Baker opposes creation of a de partment of the air because of the undeveloped state of the industry, necessitating federal regulation, as well as because of military consid erations. It would be oust as fatal to separate forces from the army, he maintained. Since June 30, 1918. the report shows, it has been found necessary to use federal troops on 16 separate occasions to preserve law and order. The incidents listed range from In dustrial "Workers of fne World activ' ISM RED CROSS CC'JoHCI Famous 30 Years This delicious hard candy quickly relieves coughs and hoarseness. Speakers and smokers depend upon it for throat corafort. Red Cross Cough Drops are also fine for eating. Children love them. They are made of chemically pure ingredients. Red Cross Cough Drops have been famous for 30 years. Millions are sold every season. It's every body's favorite. Get Red Cross Cough Drops today in bandy boxes packed full six cents. AfJDrsf, Cnij mui Clgmr Start! Mute by Candy Bros. Mfg. Co. n St. Louis ities in Arizona to recent movements in the coal fields. Mr. Baker con cludes his report with an apprecia tion of the services of Oeneral Peyton C. March, chief of staff. "I would be wanting," he said, were I to fail to refer to the broad imagination, the unremitting energy. the firmness of purpose with which he has pressed forward the pro gramme. Without his strength and vision- much that was done could not have been done. As it is, I can only record the successful conclusion ot the great war, the splendid efficiency of Americas participation, and an enlightened treatment of post-war problems which has gone far to re store the industry and commerce of the country and to close up our finan cial and business relations in an har monious and satisfactory way." Plane Factory to Start Soon. CENTRALIA, Wash., Nov. 30. (Special.) F. Angeles, of the Angeles Aircraft corporation, which has been operating in Seattle, announced yes terday that the- company will begin manufacturing airplanes in- its new plant here about December 10. Most of the machinery is here and the balance is on -the way. Much new equipment has been purchased. The company's factory is located on East Main street and offices have been opened in the First Guaranty Bank building. Ethel Mill Gets Improvements. CHEHAXJS. Wash.. Nov. 80. (Spe cial.) The daily capacity of the saw mill formerly owned by Walter Flan igan of Ethel is being increased to 25,000 feet daily by the installation of improvements by the new manage ment. Recently this plant was taken over by the International Mill & Ex port company of Portland. Included in the improvement is a new engine and other equipment. The mill is lo cated at Ethel, 16 miles east of Che halis and ships by way of the Emery & Nelson logging road making a short haul by wagon. Will There Be a VICTROLA In Your Home This Christmas? There Is a Style For Every Purse Prices $25 U pward Convenient Terms Sherman JMay& Ga v ftivfli anil T17vrricwi fttc t Portland (Opposite Postoffice) Seattle, Tacoma, Spokane Go Tooight! See, hear, laugh at "FANTANA" you'll pronounce it a hit. It's worth-while the songs are great music fine principals wonderful and IT'S VERY, VERY FUNNY Jeff De Angeles starred in "Fantana." It never got to Portland, but we think you'll find it a rattling good, laughable, witty, beautiful production. Magnificent scenic effects, some remarkable lighting, Oriental and American costumes and, all in all. the kind of Alcazar show that makes you go away saying: "How on earth can they do it?" Come Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday we have the best seats those days. 2 BARGAIN MATINEES WEDNESDAY AND SATURDAY ALCAZA1R Phones: Broadway 37 and 535-43 11th and Morrison Lower Floor, 10 Rows, $1; 00 Seats 75 Centp Entire Balcony 50 Cents The Best in Musical Productions Every Night at 8:15 Wednesday and Saturday Matinees APortlainidlWomaE Write "How can the Alcazar present bigger, better, brighter and more tuneful shows than the road productions at the other theaters? And how can you give these better and more massive musical productions so much cheaper?" And Here's Our Answer Dear INI ad am: The answer is very easy. The Alcazar Players' success is due firstly to the caliber of our stars every whit as good as the "stars" that come to Portland in , road shows. Most of our players have themselves STARRED. We pay them just as much as the road players are paid. We have just as tuneful, just as pretty a chorus. And a bigger chorus, too, than the road productions usually have. We pay the chorus as much and more. And as our orchestra plays with our players all the time, it is al ways rehearsed, always ready and far better than an orchestra PICKED UP FOR THE OCCASION. Our costumes, you'll admit, are as good or better. Our stage set tings are new and clean, not time-worn and smashed and banged about by touring. So, how do we do it? The answer is absurdly simple. We can play at cheaper prices be cause our costs are less and in this way: WE HAVE NO TRAVELING EXPENSES. To move a company the size of ours MORE THAN 50 WONDERFUL MUSICAL PLAYERS to Seattle would cost $500 for fares alone. Hundreds of dollars more to transport wardrobe and scenery. The jump to San Francisco would cost $1500, with more hun dreds of dollars for scenery and wardrobe. AND THESE GREAT JUMPS FOR A TWO - DAY OR THREE - DAY SHOWING. That's why THEY have to charge $2, $2.50 and $3, while we can produce these fine, just as new, more tuneful productions with our fresh, untired people for $1, 75 cents (500 seats) and 50 cents (the entire balcony). So you may realize how GOOD a production we can give, we shall be glad to welcome you this week every day, with Wednesday and Saturday matinees to "FANTANA." Sincerely yours, THE ALCAZAR THEATER. P. S. To get the BEST seats, please visit us tonight, Tuesday or Wednesday. We often have no seats at all on Thursday, Friday and Saturday, because of the tremendous demand.