10
THE 3IORXING OREGOXIAX, TUESDAY, . NOVEMBER 25, 1919.
'KSTABIJSHKD BY HENRY I,. P1TTOCK.
Published by The Oregonian Publishing; Co..
135 Sixth street, Portland, Oregon.
C A. MORDKK, E. B. PIPER.
Manager. Editor.
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Eastern Business Officer Verree & Conk
lln, lirunswlck building, New York: Verree
& Conklln, Steger buiiding. Chicago; Ver-
rea & Conklin, Free Proas building. De-
" troit, Mich. San i-'ranclsco representative.
' R. J. Bidwell.
could speak several languages, not
only well enough to be understood
in them, but fluently. He was a
major in the old Second Oregon
when it was sent to the Philip
pines in 1598. Shortly before the
regiment embarked, he borrowed a
Spanish grammar and when it ar
rived at Manila bay about a month
later he had so mastered the tongue
that he could converse - in it with
ease. He had great powers of application.
WITH WHOM SHOULD PROFITEERS
J DIVIDE?
- This matter of importance is ig-
1" nored by Mr. Green in his letter,
,,: today, defending the coal strikers:
; Condemnation of the strike does not
Z rest wholly upon the nature of the
wage and hour demands but upon the
manner of their presentation and
'.. other circumstances as well. Doubt-
. less the mine workers would gain
public sympathy for betterment of
their wage and working conditions
1 if the demands were reasonable and
presented in the proper spirit. But
- Secretary of Labor Wilson, a coal
miner himself, declares the present
- demands to be unreasonable and
T that they cannot be granted by the
. operators.
Yet . these unreasonable demands
- were presented together with the
. strike threat and with the strike
date set and with the'avowed deter
mination to accept nothing less.
They were made at a time of
- world famine in coal and at a .sea-
son when stoppage of 'production
." would cause nation-wide suffering
and unemployment.
The miners refused to negotiate
- the wage and hours issues without
stopping production at this most
-'. critical time, although the operators
" were ready to negotiate.
- All this was done by the mine
. workers' leaders without a vote of
. the workers themselves and despite
unexpired contracts entered into by
them with the operators and the
government.
It was these acts that caused Presi
" dent Wilson to pronounce the coal
" strike a moral and legal wrong. It
was these acts that caused . both
houses of, congress unanimously to
pledge the resources of the govern
ment to enforce the law. And it
was thse acts, rather than "Bolely
the unreasonableness of the workers'
demands that turned the public gen
erally against the strike. No com
pilation of statistics can excuse them.
As already stated the mine work
ers would doubtless gain public
sympathy for reasonable demands if
properly presented. Government
statistics show that wage increases
among mine workers kept pace with
those granted in other employments
up to the beginning of 1917. There
after other employments paid more
to wage earners than coal mining.
Here is a sound basis for asking a
reasonable increase in pay, yet Mr.
Green seems to take the ground that
operators have been profiteering and
therefore the workers should be
given a part of the ill-gotten gains.
It is a familiar argument as re
gards other labor controversies, yet
nothing can be plainer than that
undue profits of the employer, after
,, . labor is paid an equitable wage, be
long neither to employer nor to em
ploye but to the public from whom
they were exacted. It is a peculiarly
unsound argument as regards the
coal industry of the recent past-
Curing the war the selling price of
. coal at the mine was fixed by the
fuel administrator. The intent of
this price fixing was to encourage
maximum production, yet give the
- operator only a fair return. If it
gave him exorbitant returns then th
public has just complaint against
the fuel administrator. After sus
pension of the fuel administration.
operators who charged excessive
prices were still subject to the Lever
act and to fine and imprisonmen
for profiteering. Wage demands
ought to stand on their own bottom
in this industry above all others.
It is doubtless true that some
operators made large profits at th
prices fixed by the fuel adminis
trator. This was true because maxi
-- mum production was the prime Bes-
scntial and to insure operation of all
mines at capacity it was necessary
to fix a price at the mine that would
' '" give a reasonable profit to those I
mines that are expensive to operate.
The favorably situated mine made
more money than the unfavorably
situated mine, but to equalize that
difference congress imposed a heavy
excess profits tax and a large pro
portion of the undue profits was thus
returned to the public.
Mr. Green's citation of what a
senator said in the debate on the
I-ever bill as to how the department
of justice would construe the act
if passed, is of small moment In lt-
self and of lesser moment In the
light of suDsequent events. As a
lawyer, Mr. Green knows that the
court, not the attorney general, ft
nally construes the law. What Sen
ator Hustings said was to gain votes
' for the bill. If he misrepresented, or
if the department of justice was mis
represented to him. only those sen-
; ators who were thereby induced to
vote for the measure have a right to
complain. Tet the senate and the-,
house were of one mind as regards
applying the Lever law to the coal
, . . strike when the coal strike occurred.
; As a further light upon the admin
istration's construction of the meas
ure it may be mentioned that one
of the early acts of the fuel admin
istrator was to adopt a. regulation
penalizing striking coal miners one
' dollar a day, and penalizing opera
tors one dollar a day for every miner
locked out- The law from the be
ginning of its operations was used to
combat strikes in this essential war
Industry.
.FAILURE.
. The Oregonian has received -from
an esteemed woman reader a letter i
in which it is. said: I
Why blame President Wilson for every
thing? You have no word to say against
"the back-ward-looking senators." It is
well known that Senator Lodge is a real
fossil, and yet he presumes to hold back
this great nation. Bear in mind that the
league is a non-partisan Issue, and try to
forget that Wilson is a democrat. He is
not. In this instance. The league la his
child. Why should he consent to ita mu
tilation and nullification?
The Oregonian has more than
once endeavored to forget that Presi
dent Wilson, is a democrat, as its
columns through many months will
abundantly testify. But he has not
permitted the country to forget it.
The senators have been too much
moved by-rartisanship, undoubtedly;
but the duty of leadership, in the
movement for the national, and not
the party view of all great ques
tions affecting all the country, was
and is with . President Wilson; and
he has fallen short both of his duty
and his opportunity.
..History must say that in a great
national crisis the country was non
partisan, but the president and his
administration were not. The re
sults are that the mighty movement
for a league of nations has developed
into a miserable fiasco. The world
Is disappointed and disheartered. So
is America. So are all newspapers
and tall citizens that sought earnestly
and without partisan bias to promote
an alliance between the nations for
world peace.
Now there is failure. It is obvious
now that the enterprise was doomed
to failure from the first. President
Wilson saw fit to ignore, conspicu
ously and even contemptuously, the
fact that the senate is his constitu
tional adviser In the making of
treaties. Our aggrieved correspond
ent does the same. The league was
indeed his child, or he thought it
was.' There was the inspiration for
all the trouble. Will our fair critic
point out anywhere in the constitu
tion. or in diplomatic practice or in
sound conscience and morals, any
requirement that tre .United States
senate must accept a treaty exactly
as it is written, especially when it
is framed without any pretense of
consultation with the senate?
commissions to return with prope
pomp and ceremonial to his Britannic
majesty the skull of the sultan of
Mkwawa, nor to return to the king
of the Hedjaz the Koran of the caliph
Othman,"nor the return of the leaves
of the triptych of the mystic lamb."
But there are some compensations.
The work of commissions, to fix
boundaries,', conduct plebiscites and
value property should .be finished
within, a year, and the staff of the
reparation commission should b
gradually reduced. The cost of the
work will be divided among a num
ber of nations. If the cost of the
league should reach $1,000,000,000
a year, which is extremely doubtful.
prevention of war for only ten years
and reduction of armament by one-
half would make it worth the price.
where workmen, though producing!
more, received no more money than
under the time system, and competi
tion forced their competitors to fol
low their example. The opinion.
based on the time-work system, that
so much a week was enough for a
workingman, persisted among' em
ployers. The result has been hos
tility of workmen to the piece work
system and to all efforts to speed
up production by paying a bonus
for large output. In some trades this
opposition has been overcome by
agreement on permanent sliding
scales, whereby, above a certain mini
mum, wages rise and fall in propor
tion to the selling price of the prod
uct, but in these cases there have
been strikes for higher scales.
Out of this situation has grown a
JUDGE McCOCRT.
The fact that John McCourt was
not an applicant for a judgeship did
not make him any the less eligible
as a successor for Judge Gantenbein.
Governor Olcott has made an- ex
cellent appointment. The general
approval Which has followed the an
nouncement is a testimonial of the
high esteem in which . Mr. McCourt
is held both as a citizen and a lawyer.
There is no time when a com
monwealth can or should tolerate
poor material on the bench. Just
now it would be a particularly haz
ardous thing to snake experiments
Too often the public assigns office
to an aspirant merely because he
wants it and asks for it with per
sistence' and an., entire absence of
self-effacement. No great harm Is
done, perhaps. In many such cases.
but no such risks can be taken with
a judgeship.
The qualities required for a good
judge are impartiality, char
acter, courage, industry, knowledge
of law, and a compelling sense of
justice. We think Mr. McCourt
measures up well to the standard.
CRUEl, HOAXES.
The perpetrator of the hoax at
Atlanta, Ga., on Sunday, which took
the form of a report that President
Wilson had died, was the same type
of individual as those who from time
to time have busied themselves with
harrowing the feelings of relatives
of the men who went down on the
collier Cyclops somewhere In the At
lantic ocean, more than a year and
a half ago.
The most that can be done with
these evilly-disposed practical jokers
is to place them where they will
constitute an object lesson to their
fellows, since it Is Improbable that
they are capable of experiencing
anything like remorse. Fortunately,
the Atlanta rumor was overtaken
before it had gone far. though it
must have caused & good deal of
profound grief. The various rumors
in connection with the Cyclops,
however, wrought upon the feelings
of the surviving relatives of some
293 men of the crew and raised hopes
which only recently have finally
been dispelled.
The Cyclops sailed from Barbadoes
In March, 1918, for an Atlantic port
and thereafter was never heard from
more. Not a single clew ever was
discovered; not a body or a lifeboat
or a bit of wreckage ever was washed
ashore. But for months afterward
the mongerers of the hoax were
busy. A few weeks ago the mother
of one of the seamen received a let
ter saying that he was safe in a Ger
man port, and that notwithstanding
the-armistice the fact was being kept
a secret. Previously a bottle con
taining a purported message was
picked up off Baltimore. Various
other pretended messages were given
circulation, all bearing evidence, on
close scrutiny, of their bogus char
acter.
The perverted sense of humor la
far worse than no sense of humor
at all. Most so-called practical
jokes are only silly, but those which
depend for their success on playing
on the sacred emotions are not far
short of criminal. It will be worth
the $100 which the. mayor of At
lanta has offered for the apprehen
sion of the latest joker if for nothing
else than the interesting discussion
that it -will precipitate as to what
ought to be done with him.
XOT WORRlIG ABOUT DRESS '
Man's Only Interest In Woman's At
tire la That It Be Attractive.
PORTLAND, Nov. 24. (To the Edi
tor.) Usually I keep out of discus
sions, but I do feel a desire to mix
in on this question of women's dress,
after having read the story In The
Sunday Oregonian. entitled "Women's
Clothes an Invitation to Insult,"
which was published In some eastern
paper and so Impressed some Port
land club woman that she secured
the copyright release in order that
It might be published here.
In regard to the article itself, while
It makes a good sensational story, it
does sound overdrawn tp me and sus
piciously dressed up for publication.
I can not for the life of me under
stand how a casual passerby could
get so close to the situation as the
. MIXERS' SIDE OV CONTRI
Thoa Who Come and Go. I I . . .
Pay Demands. Defended as
iTBOVERSV
Proper
Division of Kxeesalve Profits.
PORTLAND, Nov. 24. (To the Kdi-
State Senator I. l Patterson of Polk
(' (1 1 1 Tl , V wan a PnptlinH i'i uitnr ...As,.,-
day. Senator Patterson would not be ! tor.) I have read with interest many
averse to beinK elected president o 1 of The Orejonian's editorials in which
state of chronic warfare, in which, author of that story evidently did. to
AX OUTBURST FROM GERMANY. "
An impression prevails that Ger
man propaganda ceased with the sig
nature of the armistice; on the con
trary, it only changed its tone and
its aim. For a time its agents were
stunned, but they no sooner recov
ered from the first blow, than they
resumed their- work. A sample is a
thick pamphlet by Ferdinand Han
sen, entitled: "An Open Letter to an
English Officer." The writer de
scribes himself as a German' of Dan
ish descent who has spent two-thirds
of his life in the United States but
has traveled all over the world. and
who went to Germany in 1915 to
serve the empire. After Armistice
day his duty required him to spend
twelve hours in the company of
Major White, the English, officer to
whom he refers; During t'nose twelve
hours he could not fully express hi
feelings; therefore he gave vent to
them in- a letter of 72 pages.
If Mr. Hansen talked to the majo
throughout those twelve hours In th
same strain In which he writes, th
major's power of endurance and self-
restraint must be superhuman
Though English is not Mr. Hansen
native tongue, he is complete maste
of all the : terms of vituperation
which it contains, and he uses them
without stint. He professes a desire
to clear the air for a future friend
ship between Germany and Great
Britain, but he expends his ens-gy
'on expressions of hatred for the Brit
ish, all their qualities and their
deeds, thus filling the air with poison
gas Instead Of clearing it. His evident
purpose is to promote enmity be
tween the United States and Britain,
but he goes far to defeat that pur
pose by abusing Americans only less
virulently than he has abused the
British. The most probable expla
nation of his outburst is that he
boiled over in this effusion, thereby
showing himself to be a poor loser.
Such publications as this but more
cunningly framed still emanate from
Germany, and through all of them
runs the puVpose to foment dissension
among- the allies. They prove the
merit of the treaty of. Versailles ,by
venting their fury on it, as Mr. Han
sen does in a postscript, in which he
renounces all hope of reconciliation
and announces his Intention to lift
the banner of socialism, which con
firms all that has been said of social
Ism as a tool of German militarism.
Having failed to defeat the allies in
war, Germany hopes to use this tool
for their internal disintegration.
labor tries to get more by striking
or threats to strike, and pays con
stantly less attention to the question
whether it demands more or less
than It actually earns. Organization
of labor unions has developed into
a business, in which an official's suc
cess is measured by what he can
get for the members and by the
membership which he can enroll.
The officials have a constant induce
ment to make new demands and to
cause strikes. A union at peace
comes to be regarded as inactive,
doing nothing for. its members, and
loses strength, or its officers lose
their jobs.
Employers have been seeking ways
to satisfy labor and. to induce it to
work for the success of - industry,
especially to remove the causa for
strikes and slacking- that -is, pro
gressive employers have. Some have
offered easy terms for workmen to
buy stock In the companies for which
they work, but that does not give
the men more wages, at either time
work or piece work, therefore gives
them no assurance that they get all
that they earn. It is also opposed by
union officials because It weakens
men's allegiance to the unions. Other
employers have gone farther by pay
ing men a bonus at regular intervals.
Others go still farther and share
profits remaining after payment of
all cost of production, including
wages, salaries and current Interest
on capital, but they often attach
"conditions that such payments must
be invested In stock of the company
or in some other way. This raises
objection on the ground that it is
paternalism. Infringing on a work
man's right to do as ha will with
his own.
A proposal which more closely ap
proaches equity is made by Mortimer
L. Schlff, of New Tork. It Is that
"after all operating and fixed
charges, including adequate salaries
and wages, have been met, after
provision has been made for statu
tory and extraordinary reserves and
after a fair return has reen paid to
the stockholders on their investment,
the surplus should -be divided in an
agreed, definite percentage between
the officers and employes and the
stockholders." He would give "a
larger percentage to those controlling
smaller- salaries and' wages and . to
those longer in the service." But' he
proposes that "the distribution
should not be in cash, as this is al
most certain to be of no permanent
advantage to the employe and does
not assist him In securing a perma
nent interest in the property," but
that "it should be In the form of
some security which it is to his in
terest to hoUi."
There paternalism creeps In. The
plan assumes that thg workman's
dividend is a gift, and that his em
ployer is a guardian who takes care
that he shall not waste it. The
average independent American work
man resents and rejects that view.
He would consider the. dividend -as
so much money honestly earned by
him, the amount of which was com
puted and paid half-yearly or yearly.
He would claim the right to use it
as he pleased, and to spend it wisely
or foolishly. Mr. Schiff shows de
cided progress toward solution of
the problem of satisfying the work
man that he gets all that he earns.
which is what he means by "justice
and fair dealing." When that Is
proved to the average honest work-
ng man a foundation will have been
laid for industrial peace, and we may
expect a great increase in efficiency
and output.
The late Judge Calvin U. Ganten
bein was a remarkable linguist. He
COST OF THE lCAGFE.
Amid all the discussion of the
league of nations, little attention has
been given to the cost of its opera
tion. It seems to have been assumed
that there would be at Geneva the
secretary general with a few clerks,
and that a few distinguished diplo
mats and their suites would journey
yearly to that city to attend meet
ings of the council and assembly.
But Fred A. Dolph of Washington,
for whom Senator Spencer vouches
as an accountant of standing, takes
a very different view. The league
has many functions to perform in
executing the treaty with Germany,
and will put no less than 170 trib
unals and commissions In the field.
Mr. Dolph has made estimates of
the number of persons who' will be
employed, of the salaries which they
will receive and of the expenses they
will incur. He calculates on 6505
persons of the "first class" at $10,000
a year each, 12,352 of the "second
class" at $5000. 166.310 of the "third
class" at $2000, aggregating $459,-
430,000; traveling expenses, $185,
167,000; office rent, heat and light.
$31.-478.390: wear and tear of furni
ture and office equipment, $1S,516,
700; printing, plant, furniture, office
equipment, attendance of witnesses,
$500,000,000; grand total $1,194,-
592.090. :
That total Is imposing., but it is
hot the worst. Mr. Dolph's figures
are based on the cost in the United
States, "directed by sensible and
efficient business men," but. he says,
"there are those . who believe that
the work will not be so directed, and
such persons will no doubt add from
100 to 200 per cent to my estimates
to cover the added expense of ordi
nary inefficiency and red tape." Not
Is he able to estimate "the cost of
HOW TO SATISFY UABOR.
Not discouraged by the failure of
the industrial conference which met
in October, President Wilson has ap
pointed new members to a new con
ference which Is to represent only
the public interest, not the special
interests of capital and labor. His
letter of appointment contains the
same old phrase, "justice and fair
dealing," which has figured in former
discussions of the labor question
though the cause of all the strife
has been disagreement as to what
constitutes justice and fair dealing.
unless the conference can agree on
a definition of these terrras and on a
means of arriving at what they signi
fy which will prove acceptable to both
employers and employed, it will
make little or no progress toward
industrial peace.
The real question in dispute is:
What proportion of the value of an
article is produced by use of the
capital and the managing ability of
the employer, and what proportion
by the workmen and not only by
them collectively but by each in
dividual workman who have con
tributed to its production? It marks
a revolution in the relation of em
ployer and workmen. Formerly the
employer hired men for as Bmall
wages as they would accept, and
their wages had no relation to the
selling valye of the article produced
or to the profit which the manu
facturer received. From the demand
for higher wages there grew in the
mind of the workmen the idea that
they had contributed a certain pro-
portion of the value of the goods,
and that that share should be their
wages. They lacked opportunity and
ability to determine what it was,
but the Idea has become rooted in
their minds that they are paid less
than they earn and they strive fo
it by demanding more wages or by
doing less work "ca' canny" or loaf
ing on the job. Thus the wage sys
tem has been called wage slavery,
production is diminished, many
workmen are sullen or inefficient,
and the cost of production and con
sequently the cost of living is In
creased. Friction is costly both to
labor and capital.
The first effort to overcome this
difficulty was . adoption of piece
work, by which the workman was
paid for what he produced, not for
his time. It much increased earn
ings, but some avaricious manufac
turers reduced the scale to the point
In his patriotic address to a large
number of deaf people Saturday
night, no doubt Mayor Baker was
stimulated to especial endeavor when
his telling points brought forth
shouts of "Hear! Hear!" on the
hands of his "hearers." It takes
much more than many things to
f eaza the mayor.
hear all the remarks and observations
of the two men, the girls reply, etc..
without taking on some ethereal
form. Tou know, incidents in real
lire do not fall in line Quite so ac
curately and at exactly the right mo
ment, as tney do on paper. I never
have and never expect to see on the
street a waist low enough to expos
me oacK below the shoulder blades.
tnereoy permitting unobstructed
counting of the ribs and vertebrae,
as well as observation of the tonsorial
accomplishment as described by ths
author.
I think it will be agreed. In the
event that. this all happened as stated,
that It is an extreme case, in fact a
very extreme case. I see no reason
why it should be used to try to point
a moral with the average woman any
more than we should refer to the
man in the gutter as a standard for
all men. Another thing, this particu
lar girl's reply when she was ap
proached was not consistent with her
line of work.
I wish tp go on record right here
as saying I do not approve of im
modesty in dress, or undue exposure,
as 1 will admit is sometimes Drac-
ticed; but neither do I think it fair
that women should be held responst-
Die ror men s morals. In this life it
Is character that makes us what w
are. We either are or aren't that's
all. We can not all live in caces. and
It Is character that enables us to
meet the conditions and circum
stances that surround us. If a man
feels called upon to insult a woman
because he might see a bit of stock
ing above her Bhoe top, or her arms
a,nd shoulders through a transparent
waist, then that man is fundamentally
wrong and not just a proper subject
to be walking around our streets.
Should it become a custom for women
to cover themselves to the extent of
only the -eyes being visible, for ths
protection of our men, then to such
a mind the very fact of a woman's
being so dressed would suggest the
reason for so doing, with the same
result. It Is always the devil within
rather than without, that does the
harm
I am a married woman and con
sidered respectable by respectable
people. I still tell my age. 1 do not
dress In the very latent fashion for
two reasons. One is that I can not
afford to do so and the other is be
cause I think many of the constantly
changing styles are ridiculous
silly. However, I do like pretty
clothes and dress Just as well as my
husband's circumstances will permit
and try not to be so far behind ths
prevailing styles as to be conspicuous.
We might as well make this matter
personal, so there will be no misun
derstanding. - I wear what is called I
transparent waist, through which my
arms are more or less plainly visible.
likewise a portion of my shoulders
and my corset cover underneath, as
criticised in the above mentioned ar
ticle. In fact I wear very few clothes.
When I require extra warmth it is
supplied by outside clothing. I find
such dress comfortable and hygienic
I shalH continue to wear it. I have
never been treated disrespectfully by
any man on account of it.
Why- not let the women attend to
their own affairs and dress as they
please, as it is they who reap the
consequences, whether good or bad?
The average man is a mighty fine
sort. I believe he likes to see all
women stylishly and attractively
dressed, and personally I do not be
lieve he is worrying half as much
about us and our dress and morals
as we think be is. The other kind of
men well, they are just here as a
part of- the general scheme of things,
and in this respect, perhaps every
Jack has his Jill. Not long ago 1
read an article in this paper stating
that men were responsible for the
way women dressed, which gives the
matter an entirely different slant.
What are you going to do about it?
It is purely a matter of opinion ana
no two opinions alike. Let s talk
about something else for a while and
leave women and their dress alone.
A WOMAN.
the senate in tin: 1921 session, and it
is understood that he already has
backing for the place. Senator Pat
terson is an- enthusiastic advocate of
good roads and one is being built
right in front of his farm, which will
enable him to truck his peaches
across the Willamette to Salem with
out difficulty or delay next harvest.
'Last summer, disguised in a regular
hick costume, he sat -on the roadside
and sold peaches to the passing traf
fic at regular Portland prices.
Frank Snotf, White Salmon, Wash.,
is the way it appears on the Hotel Ore
gon register. This is the same Frank
Snow who for about 30 years has been
on the police force and- who retired
a few months ago. When Nels John
son resigned . as chief of . police re
cently there was a movement on foot
to urge Show as 'Johnson's successor.
No one who knows former Detective
Snow likes to shake--hands with him,
for he has a vise-like clutch-which
puts the other fellow's fingers out of
business for half an. hour--
To attend the funeral of . his friend.
George Peringer, murdered with J. N.
Burgess at Llnnton riday night. John
Alhelt of Walla Walla, Wash., arrived
at the Imperial yesterday morning.
Mr. Alheifs father was a pioneer
baker In Walla Walla, and he himself
wheat farmer. Walla waua.
says Mr. Alheit, is doing some build-
ng. the four-story Dunning oi ma
First National bank is being removed
to be reDlaced by a two-story bank
structure which will cost more than
some eight-story buildings. Also the
double-deck sidewalks, for which
Walla Walla is famous, are being re
duced to normal
"Thev've all been making money,"
..nmmonted Oeorae McKay, the retired
cattleman, discussing stockmen who
have been in portiana ounnj mc in
week. "There are men in town who
a coupls of years ago- thought $1000
as big as a house, because they didn't
v, nan These very men are now
talking of spending iu,uuu. .,u
and even $30.uuu wimoui umis "
Th., r-ertalnlv have been get
ting rich. Most of them will know
how to hold onto mo iuuuc?.
fimm. a dot out in the mid-Pa
cific, where in the pre-spamsn
days ships used to clear for when
they didn't want tneir rem uoiu-
known, la where Edgar F. Jack-
. son of Carl Jaclcson, win reom.
for the 'next three years. Ldgar Is a
Portland boy in the service oi unuo
Sam and will be with the radio sia
.. , rcnam Thp erovernmeiit 1
Hon on the island is now hananng
mntrriil messages and is kept very
K,iv Tli voune man leit lor ina
distant post of duty yesterday.
p-Rrmera In the Walla Walla coun
trv have more money now than they
dared dream oi having nvo
.nri thA hanks are ruled to oveniow-
i " at'utes w T. Gordon, who Is In
the foundry and mill machinery ous
-Walla Walla rates secona in
n-.aith tier caDita in the United
states." Mr. Gordon, who Is at th
Mnitnnmah. is returning from Astoria.
where he has been in the interest of
his firm. .
Three Parsons arrived at the Hotel
Oregon yesterday from three points
rtV thA r-nmnass. inet aie. i- ..
A and L. M. Parsons. Los Angele
.irihulM H. M. Parsons. Seattl
senrla K A. Parsons and Tacol
Wash., is where L. M. Parsons regis
r frnm. The Parsons are not
related and until they met in th
hotel lobby never saw one anothe
before.. - ,
Mark Holmes, an out-and-out demo
Mai. who has been out of the cit
for ths past six months, arrived on
tli scene yesterday morning an
tiee-an inaulrine how Doth wings
the party are getting along, ne nas
informed that one or tne wings nan
been somewhat shot to pieces during
his absence. Mr. Holmes is one of
the anti-Chamberlain democrats.
It is proper to notice, now that the
armistice is more than a year old,
that the Germans are already going
to work and that their purchases
from other countries consist almost
entirely of raw material. One may
learn a lesson even from one's enemies.
Harvard astronomers are searchr
ing through the milky way for stars
10,000 times too faint to be seen "by
the naked eye. May we rise to in
quire what good are such stars when
they do find therh?
From the shipping point of -the
Oregon turkey -Roseburg, of course
comes the news that turkeys are
not fat this Tear. That is small loss.
The price of the bird is fat enough
- However, coming down to it, we
can better afford to have the Jap
anese expand .into Shantung, Man
churia and Siberia than into Oregon
Washington and California. .
More Truth Than Poetry.
By Jasnes J. Montasno.
William Pollman of Baker, who
ay be the new state highway com
missioner, went to Roseburg yester
day but wiy return in time to ac
company the remains of J. X. Burgess
to Pendleton. Mr. Pollman is a stock
man, banker and operator of public
utilities, not to mention his interest
in mining properties.
it has condemned the coal miners and
the whole import of Its position acems
to be that there is only one side to
this coal miners' question.
First, relative to whether or not the
Lever act was intended to apply to
such a condition as arose when the
miners threatened a strike, let me
call your attention to the following
statement to be found in the Congres
sional Record. 65th congress, first ses-
lon, page 5904, this statement being
made by Senator Hustings of Wiscon.
in. who was spokesman for the ad
ministration relative to this bill. The
statement in congress was as follows:
I am authorized by the secretary of
labor, Mr. Wilson, to say that the ad
ministration does not construe this
bill as prohibiting strikes and peace
ful picketing and will not so construe
the bill, and that the department of
ustice does not so construe the bill
and will not so construe the bill."
A reading of the preamble of the
Lever act will disclose that it was
passed for the reason that the coun
try was at war and in order that the
my and navy might be fully supplied
with fuel and food. etc. It was never
intended to be made the basis for
such action as taken by the attorney-
general and should not have been
made the basis for such action. A
government must keep faith with its
citizens and maintain its promises
made through Its duly authorized
spokesman.
Relative to ths merits of the coal
miners demand. I call attention to
the fact that the miners are asking
the privilege of working 250 days out
of each year. This represents from
per cent to 21 per cent more days
per year than the miners have ever
worked In the history of the Amer
ican coal industry, the average work
ing day for the last six years being
as follows: 1913. 232; 4914, 195; 1915.
203; 191. 230: 1917. 243: 1918. 2423.
These statistics are taken from the
report of the department of the in
terior. Thus we find that under the
past system of coal mining the de
mands of the miners are that they be
permitted to work more actual days
than they have ever been permitted
to work in the history of the industry
Relative to the six-hour day, sta
tistics of the department chow that
an eight-hour day means an eight-
hour day at the face of the coal, and
that it usually takes a miner from 45
minutes to an hour to get from the
face of the coal to the top of the
shaft, so in reality a six-hour day
means eight hours on the job.
I call your attention, further, to
the fact that during the war. when the
ranks of the miners were depleted by
S0.000 going into the army and 35,000
going into other employment, with an
increase of only 5 per cent of under
ground labor and 21 per cent of over
ground labor and with the length of
the working day being reduced 4.8
per cent, the number of days being
Increased 5.6 per cent, the total out
put of the mines Increased 9.8 per
cent. In other words, the total coal
production for the country was ac
tually 12.000.000 tons In excess of
what it would have been if the in
dividual workers had produced no
more coal per hour than the more ex
perlenced force produced in 1916.
The miners want a 60 per cent raise
in wages. Before the war in the
fennsyivania Held labor got 66 per
cent of each dollar paid by the public
for coal; 28 per cent went for supplies
and general expenses; 6 per cent re
mained as the operators' margin of
profit. During the war, according
to the last statistics available, labor's
share shrank to 84.8 per cent of the
pre-war figure, general expenses de
creased, a trifle and the operators'
share increased 400 per cent. If the
operators would be content with only
double their pre-war margin they
oould make a '30 per cent raise In
wages without transferring one .cent
of this burden to the public in the
form of increased coal prices.
The above figures and percentages
are particularly important from the
miners' standpoint and from the
standpoint of the public in its spirit
of fairness toward the miners and
their demands when it is considered
that since the entry of the United
States into the war the cost of liv
ing has more than doubled. Taking
this fact in conjunction with the de
crease of the percentage of the dollar
received by labor it can easily be seen
that the miners' demands, in compari
son to the operators' profits, are not
BACK M M BURS.
Franklin was a wonder;
What he didn't know
Is known to few who hurry through
The regions here below.
He made both fame and fortune
He trusted not to luck.
But he couldn't have belonged to
the Electricians' local No. 41144 or the
Printing Trades council or the Amal
gamated Pressman's association or the
Protective Order of Bookbinders
Because he never struck.
Wasthington was noble
Washington was great.
He spent a life of trial and strife
To rear a. mighty state.
He freely gave his country
His all-surpassing powers.
But he would have been fired from ths
Surveyors' Helpers' union, the Allied
Kngineer' Apprentices and the Amal
gamated Cherry Tree Choppers' asso
ciation of Virginia, because
He worked non-union hours.
Shakespeare was a genius.
Shakespeare was a bear;
The play he wrote would parch your
throat
And simply curl your hair.
No man who can approach him
Has since come down the pike.
But ha wouldn't have lasted as a
member of the Stage Carpenters
guild, the Preachers' league or ths
Actors' Kquity association
Because he wouldn't strike.
Watch Cant Be Done.
The neople who are clamoring to
have the ex-kaiser reseated should
first find some means of having him
resoulcd.
Handsome of Them.
"We will obey the law," say ths
coal miners and appear to export
somebody to pin a medal on them for
doing so.
A reservation is merely a pre-di-gested
amendment.
(Copyright. 1!H9. by the Bell Syndicato.
ln- )
In Other Days.
Twenty-nve Tears Ago.
From The Oresonian. November 25, IRftl.
Springfield, Mass. Yale defeated
Harvard in annual football contest
with a final score of 12 to 4.
Washington. Bids on the $50,000.-
000 bond issue of ths government
were received yesterday from a total
of 1"J7 bidders, for various portions.
A syndicate of bankers made two
bids, one for the entire issue at a
price of 117.077 and one for all or any
part at 116.898.
Representative Miller of fish ladder
and soda springs fame, is a rising
candidate for mayor of Lebanon.
At the McMinnvtlle gathering of
Indian war veterans 36 names were
enrolled from Yamhill county.
Fifty Yearn Age.
From The Orfjronian. November 25. lr.t.
New York. It is stated that Sec
retary Boutwell denies having taken
any steps or even favored the idea of
the resumption .of specie payments at
York. The steamer Leipsie
has been detached to go to Panama
for the purpose of assisting In the
survey of the Darien ship canal. The
government has secured a treaty giv
ing it full control over the canaL
London. It is now absolutely cer
tain that the African traveler, Liv
ingstone, is safe.
Paris. The imperial, yacht. Aigle,
with the empress on board, left Sues
yesterday and reached the Mediter
ranean today.
P. R. Barnhouse, better known as. The above figures were compiled
Vic," a native of the Mitchell coun-1 from statistics of the department of
The high cost .of living has made
it-necessary for many Turkish gen
tlemen to reduce the size of their
harems. Case of harem scare 'em
so to speak.
Still, if plenty of snakebite were
supplied, -it wouldn't be so hard to
get volunteers foF the proposed rat
tlesnake census in Idaho.- .
Members of the old second Oregon
regiment will hardly be expected to
send a message of sympathy to
Aguinaldo.
FITXESS 0LY CONSIDERATION
Rhodes Scholarship Selections Made
In Utmost Fairness.
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON, Eugene,
Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) My atten
tion has been called to a letter signed
Student." aDPeariner in The Orego
nian recently, criticising the appoint
ment of the two new Rhodes scholars
from Oregon on the ground that they
both came from the same college. The
criticism 4s of no serious importance
except as it may affect the attitude
of studevits in the Oregon colleges and
universities as to their interest in be
coming, candidates for these scholar-
shlps.-
It is altogether desirable that tne
best men should enter into the compe
tition in order that the state may
have the best possible representation
at Oxford. For this reason I wish to
say. as chairman of the committee on
the selection, of Rhodes scholars, that
the recent appointments were made
with the utmost fairness, after two
days given to the careful examination
of all the candidates, and with no
thought in the mind of any one of
the five members of the committee
but to make Selections which would
most fully carry but the intent of
the Rhodes bequest. The committee
worked in the most perfect harmony,
and while there were naturally some
differences of opinion as to availabil
ity of candidates amongst so large a
number of unusually good men, there
was a unanimous agreement that fair
and just consideration had been given
to every candidate, an ad that the
final vote represented the conscien
tious and unseltlsn eiion oi eacn
member of the committee to make the
beBt oossible selection. No consldera
tion was given to any other factor
than that Of individual fitness to
meet most completely the conditions
of the bequest.
Those looking forward to becoming
candidates in the future may rest as
sured that the same fair treatment
will be accorded tnem. xnese scnoi
arahins are the richest in the world.
and should attract many of the
briehtest men in the Oregon school.
trv. is in the city. He is in tne cattle
business and his ranch is on Mountain
creek. About every cattleman on
Mountain creek has been to Portland
within the week to see the stock
show.
Victor Moses, the postmaster at
Corvallis, was In Portland yesterday
shaking hands with his fellow demo
crats. With the increased population,
the business of the postoffice at Cor
vallis is establishing a new record.
C. E. Brown of Pilot Rock arrived
at the Hotel Oregon yesterday. Pilot
Rock Is the place where J. N. Bur
gess, murdered Friday night by hold
up men. had his sheep headquarters.
The people at Pilot Rock are pros
trated over the tragedy. ,
Two ' handball experts from Los
Angeles. . who cams to Portland to
show their skill at the Multnomah
club, are G. B. KJawiter and W. F.
Ranft, who are registered at the
Hotel Oregon.
T. H. Foley of the commercial club
and the power company at Bend. Is at
the Imperial. Mr. Foley is - one of
the most active men in the very active
group which is pushing Bend to the
front.
William Slusher, one of Umatilla
county's best known residents, and
a wheat king, of course, is with the
eastern Oregon delegation In Portland.
George A. Byers. whose - father
helped put Pendleton on the map .by-
establishing a flouring mill there
years ago. Is at the Imperial.
Now rattlesnake oil has gone up
to $20 an ounce. Presume this was
done to keep the rattlesnakes from
striking.
Perhaps the explanation is that
President Wilson's doctors did - not
allow him to see the election, returns.
P. L. CAMPBELL.
Perhaps D'Annunzio excuses the
liberties he is taking with Walmatia
on the ground of poetic license.
Fine weather for "incidents",
Mexico.
the interior, bureau of mines. U. S,
geological survey and the federal
trade commission and were compiled
by Walter N. Polaliov. who is now
the consulting engineer for the board
of estimates of the city of New Tork
and was formerly consulting execu
tive of the New Tork. New Haven &
Hartford railroad, and during the war
was the power expert for the emer
gency fleet corporation of the United
States shipping board.
In Justice to the cause of labor and
n order that the public may have
these facts I ask for a publication of
this letter. B. A- GREEN.
Relative to the demand for 250
working days out of the year, Mr.
Green overlooks ths facts that coal
mining is virtually a seasonal em
ployment, due to the greater demand
in winter for fuel and to impractica
bility of large advance storage; also
the fact that the yearly working pe
riod is shown to bs voluntarily cut
down by the average miner about 50
days. The other matters the corre
spondent discusses are treated at
greater length elsewhere on this
page.
When One Has Tried.
By Grace B. Ball,
Blame not the man who has done his
best
Tn the thing that he's tried to dr..
Who has spent his strength and has
jrone his length, - -However
it looks to you;
For his best is all that a' man cart
give
A fair mind holds this true.
Oh, hail not alone the men who win,
Ignoring the ones who lose.
For some gain a lap o'er a handicap
That no one would ever choose;
Then, if 'mid the rest he has done
his best
How dare we the praise refuse?
Though he crosses the line alas! too
late,
Oh. give him the plaudits loud.
Withhold your sneer he has earned
a cheer
By facing the scoffing crowd.
For it takes more nerve to stand de
feat Than to carry the laurels proud.
If he's done his best, then ths ones
who win
Have given no more than he.
For the best Is the limit of all men's
worth,
Whatever that limit be;
And the man who goes to hfs utmost
goal.
Wins too though the world won't
see.
pied.
AN AUTUMN SEQUEL.
Do you call to mind the piper,
Of Hamelin town?
How he piped and pillaged that quaint
old village.
Luring its children to drown?
And how there was only left just
. . one "
To grieve alone
For his friends and playmates, be-
wailing their sad fates.
'That nothing on earth could atone?
It brings to my mind the piping wind
Of autumn browned -
Whose tones- so- pow'rful are sending
by bow rsful.
Leaves, red and gold, to ths ground.
Till soon there'll be naught but the
evergreens left
The fir and the pine
To foil the advances of winter's sharp
lances, ,
Alons in the pale sunshine.
EDITH J. PERNOT.
Cause of Sunset Colors
Indianapolis News.
Very fine dust in the atmosphere is
thought to be the cause ot tne sun
rise and sunset colors in the sky.
Dust is blown up from the surface of
the earth by the wind, or it may
come from meteors in their swift
passaee through the air. or from vol
canoes in eruption. Dust from the
volcanic explosion of Krakatoa, be
tween Sumatra and Java, in 1S83,
was thrown into the air nearly 20
mites. According to scientists this
rtiist affected the sunset colors all
", in V over ths world for mors than three
;j -. ...-...'.'.. , .
Among the sheepmen in town 'is
Charles Burgess of Burgess &. Htl-
yon, who have their headquarters on
Pine creek, outside of Fossil.
J. S. Hurst, president of the Elec
trie Apparatus Manufacturing com
pany of Los Angeles, is at the Mult
nomah, accompanied by his wife.
William Donovan, president' of the
Donovan Lumber company at Aber
deen, Wash.. Is at the Multnomah.
Henry Vincent, one of the big
farmers of the Walla Walla. Wash
country, is here for the winter with
Mrs. Vincent.
W. B. Barratt, former president
of the Wool Growers' association, is
in town.
Leon Cohen, well-known business
man of Pendleton, la at the Hotel
J. Stone, a canneryman of
Astoria, is among the arrivals at the
Perkins.
An orchardist of Hood Riier. E. W.
Moller, is in town on business and
is at the Multnomah.
Dr. McNary. in charge of the Ore-.; minor cnuoren wnen loreign oorn, chjne out of consideration for myself,
gon "branch hospital at Pendleton, is but first papers do not. I my neighbors and the street railway
in ths city. J 2. Tes. , company. - AUTO.
Question of Citizenship.
LEBAM. Wash.. Nov. 23. (To the
Editor.) (l)My Italian section fore
man has been married in this coun
try. has first papers and insists his
children are naturalised American cit
isens and when of age can vote. Is
he correct? (2) Are children born in
the United States to unnaturalized
parents citizens at arriving at proper
age? ' T. L. R.
1. If the children were born in this
country they are citizens and can
vote when 21. Full naturalization
AUTO IS . NECESSITY TO MAJIY
lie to and From Work Also Relieves
Streetcar Congestion.
PORTLAND, Nov. 24. (To the Ed-
ltor.): Most automobile owners will
approve of the suggestion of Officer
Lewis as to the one-way streets, but
they will differ from him as to the
suggestion that all owners, of ma
chines should leave them at home if
they only use them to come to town
and return with. Their alternative.
of course, is to use the already much
overcrowded streetcars or walk.
Take, for example, a citisen wno
lives three or four miles off in Sunny-
side or Mount Tabor direction. It is
positively barbarous the way those
cars are crowded going east at any
hour between 5 and 6 o'clock at
night, and even during the busy hours
in the morning. If the autos now in
use In that locality are kept at home
the streetcars would be even still
more crowded. This would bs unfair
to those who must perforce use the
cars, and also for those who would
follow Captain Lewis' advice.
Last year Mayor Baker urged auto
mobile owners, in order to relieve the
pressure on the streetcars, to bring
to town In the morning and to take
home at night, as many of their neigh
bors as their cars would hold. That
order has not been rescinded, so far
as I have seen, and I am still carrying
out the suggestion. I do so partly
out of sympathy with my neighbors,
partly to give more room in the
streetcars to those whom I am un
able to carry, and partly to relieve
an overburdened public utility which
is hampered by inadequate revenues
to provide accommodations sufficient
for its patrons. - -
So. until I get more and better light
on the subject, I am afraid that I
of the father confers citizenship on, . ontlnue , use my niH.
Q