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TITE ZtfOIlXIXG OHEfiOXIAX, FRIDAY. OCTOBER 31, 1019.
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ESTABLISHED BV IIKNRV L. PITTOCK.
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L W VS. FORCE.
The case of the people of . the
United States against the striking
coal miners is to be submitted to the
final test of physical endurance and
perhaps of physical force. If the
strikers are superior to law and to
right, they will win; or if the gov
ernment is weak in its assertion jof
its plain duty, the strikers will also
win.
It is high time to ascertain who is
running the United States and whose
interest is paramount the strikers'
or the people's. If the strikers can
succeed with wrong on " their side,
and with right and public Opinion
against them, control of. the coal
mining industry.' will have been de
livered to them, and later of all in
dustry to others like them; and ul
timately they will be the dominant
power in the nation itself. It is no
use to minimize the gravity and im
portance of the contest, which is
but another phase of the great issue
which has been obtruding itself more
and more clearly into the public un
derstanding and it is as to whether
law or force is. to be supreme.
The demands of the miners are as
unreasonable and impossible as their
methods are bold and indefensible.
They pretend that the operators will
not negotiate with them; but the
outstanding facts are that the owners
offered to submit to arbitration all
questions, including wages and con
ditions, making only the proper stip
ulation that the strike call be
rescinded. The operators" position
was supported by Secretary of Labor
Wilson, a former officer of the min
ers union, but they were deaf to the
counsels of moderation and reason,
as uttered by him. their friend and
wellwisher, and they again refused.
Then the president of the United
States, on his responsibility as leader
of all the American people, solicited
of them a reconsideration of their
action, because it was both unlawful
and against the public welfare: and
again they had the astounding ef
frontery to offer a peremptory nega- Y
tive. They made no excuses for their
wrong-headed and reckless blunder,
except that they had a right to
strike, and that the employers would
not treat with them. The one state
ment was deplorably wrong, and the
other demonstrably untrue. They
may have a fight to strike against
their employment, but not against
the public. It is immoral to resort
to the strike against all the people in
time of peace, and it is immoral and
illegal in time of war.
It needs but a statement of the
miners' demands to see that they are
not made in good faith, nor with
due regard to the welfare of the in
dustry. In the last anatysis no in
dustry can support itself if ' it shall
not be prosperous.
The strikers, through their leaders,
who may or may not represent them,
are demanding:
(1) A flat increase of 60 per cent
in wages.
(2) A reduction of from eight
hours to six hours per day.
(3) A reduction from six days to
five days per week.
4 ) No mine to work more dan
one shift per day.
The first result of concessions to
sweh extraordinary demands would
be an enormous decrease of produc
tion, with a resultant large Increase
of prices to the consumer. Not the
least of the measures to restrict out
put is the one-shift proposal, which
means that coal shall not be dug in
any mine for more than six hours' in
my twenty-four. . Many mines now
.operate on a two-shift basis..
The state of Washington has many
. coal mines." employing about 6000
men, with a. payroll aggregating
about J15, 000,000 per annum. The
.miners are members of the union,
"and they are affected by the strike
order. The Washington coal opera
tors have issued a statement which
The Oregonian has nowhere seen
denied, if we except the preposterous
assertion of President Lewis that $75
" per month is tfce average miner's
pay that contract men who dig
most of the Washington coal are
making from $5.89 to as high as $16
and $18 per day of eight hours. The
. . average is said to be conservatively
, about $7.75 per day, and In some of
the principal mines most of the men
get from $8.50 to over $9, and the
more skilled seldom fall below $10.
Moreover, if the miners' demands
are to be granted, the double-shift
mines will drop from 96 to 2 5 pro
ducing hours per week, and the
single-shift from 48 to 25 hours per
week. The disastrous effect upon
output in one state is thus obvious;
and other states will be similarly af
fected. The price of coal, already
"high, will be doubled.
There is a necessary corollary to
any demand for higher wages, and it
' is that an equivalent in work shall
be rendered. The miners do not
propose to give it. They openly
insist on more pay and the right to
. give less service. The two things are
economically incompatible and Im
possible, and there can be no result
but ruin. That is what it may in fair
ness be said that the strike leaders
; intend. They scarcely disguise their
ultimate object to sovletize the coal
industry. How better can that great
desideratum of industrial revolution
be achieved than by wrecking it first
and seizing it afterward by the exer
cise of some species of eminent do
main? It the coal industry, then
will follow other major industries,
including the railroads.
The public views the coal strike
with uneasy apprehension, but with
out purpose to yield under coercion,
which takes the form of a threat of
freezing and of universal industrial
stagnation, through excessive and
ruinous demands. It might as well
be understood by -the people it is
beginning to be . understood that
they have .a vital stake in the strike
and Its outcome, and that their wel
fare is jeopardized and will be vastly
and even irretrievably hurt if it is
not settled right. It is needless to
say that the right of the miners to a
good wage and comfortable living
conditions is conceded; but the right
of the miners to enhance the living
costs of all others by restriction of
output, through their failure or re
fusal to do a fair day's work or a
fair week's work, is not conceded.
The miners may not say how much
or how little coal shall be produced;
nor may they say that they alone are
concerned in the welfare of the coal
ndustry or any other Industry.
The public should be, as we be
lieve it is, nerved to a great test. It
would better be faced now.
' A REMINDER.
Mention of a resolution adopted by
the Missouri Bar Association is
worh while as a reminder of the en
actment of an important law by the
last Oregon legislature. The bar as
sociation's resolution calls upon the
several states and congress to pro
vide by law, in substance, as follows:
That any parson wh shall privately or
publicly advocate, either verbally or ia
writing, or attempt to bring about by in
dividual action or by combining with oth
ers any changes in or nullification of our
laws, constitutional or statutory, state or
national, by means of physical force or
violence, shall be punished by imprison
ment at hard labor, or, in the case- of
aliens, by deportation.
The Oregon law defining and pen
alizing criminal syndicalism not only
carries the substance of the forego
ing but declares it unlawful to ad
vocate physical force or violence for
purpose of profit, or to attempt to
justify it by word or mouth or writ
ing with intent to spread, exemplify,
teach or affirmatively suggest po
litical or industrial evolution by such
means.
It is well to remind officers of the
law. and to inform agitators generally
that this statute exists.
ELLA WHEELER WttCOX.
Perhaps the secret of the vogue
of Ella Wheeler Wilcox in a day not
far gone is revealed in her autobi
ography, in which she says that early
in life she adopted the motto: "If
you haven't what you like, try liking
what you have." Itself a platitude,
it nevertheless struck an old chord
anew; there are people who do not
examine platitudes very closely for
vague interior evidence of their ori
gin. And to a large class Mrs. Wil
cox appealed through the art which
is no negligible art of presenting
to them their own thoughts in an
attractive outward form. Her out
put of some thirty books, mostly col
lections of verse, revealed her as an
indefatigable worker. If she never
ascended to lofty heights, or showed
great skill in literary craftsmanship,
she fulfilled a mission a little above
that of a mere public entertainer by
making verse popular among a clien
tele who would not, at least at first,
have been won by any poet who
consciously wrote "over their heads."
Mrs. Wilcox began publishing
poems forty-seven years ago. She
was then not quite nineteen years
old. Attention was drawn to her
about thirty-five years ago by her
"Poems of Passion," but these were
evanescent by comparison with her
later "Poems of Pleasure" and
"Poems of Power." She occasionally
betrayed am inclination toward sen
sationalism by which people were
led to misjudge her. In most of
her writings she kept on the safer
ground of her own life and experi
ence. Her best-known verse was
entitled "Solitude," and began:
Laugh and the world laughs with yeu;
Weep and you weep alone:
For the sad -old earth
Must borrow Its mirth.
It has trouble enough of its own.
There was another, in favor with
the reciters about a quarter of a
century ago, which concluded:
I tell you the future can hold no terrors
For any sad soul while the stars revolve.
If he will stand firm on the grave of his
errors.
And instead of regretting" resolve, re
solve! It is never too late to begin rebuilding.
Though into ruins' your life seems
hurled ;
For aee! how the light of the new year ia
gilding
Toe wan. worn face of tn bruised old
world.
The "sad old world" note occurs
frequently in her writing, but she
was on the whole amazingly cheerful
about it. She did a good deal to in
culcate optimism. Her poems prob
ably will not outlast her generation,
but they will have served a purpose.
She was one of the most widely read
American writers of verse.
THE ARMY'S EDUCATIONAL PLANS.
The war department's announce
ment that the regular army is about
10 per cent below the number au
thorized for the fiscal year may in
dicate that not a sufficient number
of young men have been impressed
by the new educational plans of
the department. It was hoped that
these plans would stimulate recruit
ing among a class, who need educa
tion, both fundamental and voca
tional. But the new policy has not
"automatically taken care of the re
cruiting problem" as at least one of
its opponents predicted that it would,
and the department is at a loss what
to do about it.
It is not wholly the fault of the
department that there has been a
considerable degree of skepticism re
garding its ability to fulfill its rosy
promises. Many of the old line of
ficers have themselves lent color to
this skepticism. They have held
strongly to the old traditions, which
Viewed the work of the soldier as an
exclusive profession, and have not
been willing to admit that a school
could be conducted successfully in
connection with an army post. The
efforts of officers of a newer school
have been measurably, handicapped
by lack of enthusiasm which the de
fiers of tradition have put into the
new policy. So radical a change as
has been comtemplated could hope
for success only through united ac
tion. Nevertheless, it will be hoped that
the scheme will go forward to suc
cess. In its perfection it would be a
nearly ideal solution of the problem
of maintaining an army in time of
peace with the least possible econ
omic waste. If the soldier can serve
his country at the same time that
he is increasing his power as a
civilian, he is spending his time to
good Advantage. It must have been
made- clear to a good many young
men by this time that lack of edu
cation is a serious handicap. And
the opportunity to learn the trade
of a skilled artisan while being fed.
clothed, sheltered and paid for their
time ought not to be overlooked. Of
course, there are other ways open
to ambitious young men to obtain
an education, but the army offers
one tljat is worth considering. The
short term of enlistment removes
one of the chief objections formerly
made to the service, and the large
number of re-enlistments reported
seem to show that where the scheme
has had a trial it has made good.
6UJSNT ASSENT IS GOOD ENOUGH.
Reservations to the league of na
tions covenant may be needed in or
der to define American rights and
obligations more explicitly than is
done by the text, but the senate
leaders seem not to be satisfied with
that. They attach a condition which
gains nothing bat which may prove
an. obstacle to acceptance by other
powers of the reservations offered.
They attach to their latest cata
logue of reservations a preamble re
quiring acceptance by three of the
great powers before the American
ratification may become effective.
This is unnecessary. Reservations
have been attached to signatures and
ratifications of former treaties by
individual nations and have been
tacitly accepted by the other parties.
In those cases silence gave consent.
A nation may be willing to consent in
that manner which would not be
willing to give written consent. It
may not object strongly, enough to
record its objection formally in writ
ing, but it may draw back from a
formal, written endorsement. Yet if
the American ratification with reser
vations attached should be accepted
and if the United States should be
received as a party to the treaty, the
silence of the other powers and the
lapse of time would debar them from
later protest.' By common consent
the American reservations would
then have been acknowledged as
conditions of our participation.
If the men who offer th,e preamble
to the new reservations wish to pre
vent the United States from taking a
hand in the general settlement with
Germany, they should say so. They
should not attempt to bring about
that result indirectly by making ac
ceptance of their -conditions as dis
tasteful as possiti
as possible to the other
powers.
, A RED INFLUX THREATENS.
The need of continued restriction
on immigration, for which provision
was made when the house of repre
sentatives passed the bill continuing
the passport requirement, was shown
by Representative Albert Johnson.
He told of reports from diplomatic
and consular agents of the United
States on the prospective exodus
from various countries to America.
In shrunken Austria . 2,400,000 of
the 6,000,000 people are crowded in
Vienna, and many persons, both
skilled workmen and military offi
cers, are out of employment. "The
great bulk of this dissatisfied popu
lation," he said, "looks toward the
United States with hopefulness." The
report reads:
Much of the human material available
for immigration is of the most promising
kind, but some of it is permeated with
bolshevism, with radical. revolutionary
ideas that will not graft on American
civilization, and some are otherwise un
snited to become settlers.'
Emigration of 10.000,000 Germans
is predicted, the Swedish consuls at
Hamburg and Lubeck having re
fused to vise passports for 60,000
leads of families in one month. Some
of these want to go to Peru, Argen
tina and Chile, and the two former
countries have pase, laws to check
immigration. Lack ot steamship ac
commodation is the chief obstacle at
present, but most of the Germans
will come through Holland. So
many Italians have applied for pass
ports to emigrate that- there will be
no room for. Germans; on Italian
ships.
The bolshevist rulers of Russia are
acquiring genuine American pass
ports for use in sending their agents
abroad. Kuropean countries will try
to get rid of bolshevist agitators and,
says Mr. Johnson, "will go to the
country to which the entry is easiest
and where there is the least to ex
plain. .
Several thousand aliens have as
sembled at Yokohama from all
parts of the world Russians, evad
ers of military service in this and
other countries, men wh have lived
in the Uifited States without becom
ing citizens and await opportunity
to come to the United States. Japan
Is used as headquarters for bolshev
ist propaganda, and refugees pour in
from Siberia. Spain also is a gath
ering point for "bolshevlsts, other
agitators, Germans and other unde
sirables." Many Germans and- Aus
trians are becoming Swiss citizens to
facilitate their entrance into Amer
ica. The United States already has its
full quota of reds, and should put up
the bars against more. Arrangements
must be made to digest the alien ma
terial that is already in this country,
and the passport law should be used
to exclude more until plans have
been adopted to sift all future immi
grants at the port of embarkation.
There is no desire to exclude those
who are willing to work and to be
come good citizens, but this country
must not be the bappy hunting
ground of all the reds of the world.
BOLSHEVIST THEORY AND PRACTICE,
At last the real doctrines of bol
shevism have come to light in the
booklet which was published for the
guidance of the secret council of the
boviet. This Is not the propaganda
which is spread throughout the
world, depicting the Utopia that bol
shevism builds and designed to win
converts; it is the guiding principles
of bolshevism in practice as distin
guished from bolshevism in theory.
These "protocols" excel Machia
velll's prince in cynical ' .duplicityj
they surpass the writings of Bern-
hardl for frank justification of might
as the highest right. They are Prus
sianism worked out to the nth de
gree. They teach that evil predomi
nates over good, that violence is the
one unanswerable argument, that
ideas are only bait to catch converts
for a cause which sets up evil as its
highest aim. Here are a few ex
amples: People with bad instincts are more nu
merous than those with good ones, so the
best result in governing them is obtained
by intimidation and violence and not by
academic arguments.
Few would not sacrifice the good of oth
ers for the attainment of their own ends.
Right !s might.
Political freedom Is an Idea and not a
fact. It is necessary to know bow to ap
ply this idea when there is need of intel
lectual bait to gain the support of the
people for a party.
Bolshevism has autocracy's con
tempt for the people, for It describes
them as:
Guided by exceptionally shallow passions,
beliefs, customs, traditions and sentiment
al theories.
In justification of forcible seizure
of power it Is said:
The blind force of the people cannot be
tolerated to remain without a leader for
even a day.
The word "right" means nothing more
than "give me that which I want that I
may have proof of my super-strength over
you."
Our pass-word la power and hypocrisy.
There; 4s nothing more dangerous than
private initiative.
We must foment dissensions and ani
mosities through Europe, and with their
kelp in other countries.
We will come to parleys and negotia
tions armed with cunning and evasiveness.
That Is the theory by which bol
shevism is guided in winning supre
macy. Now for the practice by
which that theory is put In effect.
Quoting Paul Dukes, an Englishman
who escaped from Petrograd on Sep
tember 2, the London Times corre
spondent at Helsingfors says of the
proceedings of the extraordinary
commission:
Suspects are cross-questioned, perhaps
20 times running, by different inquisition
era, the same questions being repeated till
the wretches drop fainting. Then they
are pricked with bayonets, and. if still
obdurate, are subjected to the well-known
medieval torture called Little Ease, starved,
given salt herring without water, or have
needles driven under their nails. In the
end barely any escaped death. Mr. Dukes,
disguised as a bolshevist, with" smazlsg
intrepldy. was present at the execution of
three officers in a cellar of the Goroho
vaya. The victims were first stripped,
then beaten and mocked. Their clothes
and other possessions were distributed
among the executioners, who received, be
sides these perquisites. 100 roubles per
head, a bottle of spirits, two pounds ot
bread and a pound of lard.
Supremacy of might is practiced
by the railroad men who haul food
trains to-Jhe cit for they plunder
the train and sell the food in the
suburbs. The consequence of terror
Ism and starvation is that so many
have fled, died or been murdered
that the population has been re
duced to between 300,000 and 400,
000. It was 1,908,0.00 in 1910.
. T i m e 8 correspondent who
closely followed Denikine's army
Into Kieff says that on every one of
the 200 days of bolshevist occupa
tion of that city there were execu
tions, and he estimates the total at
2000 at least. In the anatomical
theater of the university the volun
teer army found about 200 corpses
"in a horrible state of putrefaction"
and "in a room In a private house
140 more were found, locked up and
left to rot." From another house
were taken "the bodies of 124 per
sons who were murdered a few days
before Kieff was captured one
night's work." He continues:
Many of the bodies were mutilated by
having pieces ot skin In the shape of
epaulettes cut from their shoulders and
strips from the thighs in Imitation of the
stripes on an officer's trousers.
- At one side ot the garden is a garage or
coachhouse. This was used as the place
of execution. The walls are pitted with
revolver bullets and splashed with red
tains; the floor is still glutinous; the
smell makes one turn away sickened after
a very short Inspection.
Testimony to the close alliance
between Russian bolshevism and
German militarism is borne by Gen
eral VaKsilkovsky, commander of the
Petrograd forces during the early
months of the revolution, who has
escaped from bolshevist territory
after working as a spy. and who has
been thrice condemned to die and
each time has escaped. He Is quoted
as saying:
You think you won the war. No. Ger
many won the war. In July, 1!17, a Ger
man officer serving in a .Russian guard
regiment told me that Germany had lost
her colonies but won Russia. I did not
believe it then. Now It is sn accomplished
fact.
The correspondent also says of the
general: ...
He Is full of fiery denunciation of the
Germans, whom he ao-uses of working
hand-ln-hand with the Bolshevists.
The -Germans, says the general, have
now taken Russia entirely into their own
hands. German shops In Petrograd are
open. German trade is protected, and It Is
proposed to remove Krupp's to the Volga.
According to General Vassilkovsky. Ger
man staff officers are now directing the
bolshevist army, and the Lithuanians who
took Dvinsk were in reality Germans act
ing in concert with Von der Goltx. The
bolshevist received enormous German sup
plies through Dvinsk. and the peace offers
In Evtbonia were made to give the pro
German elements In the Russian army an
opportunity, w-hen abandoned by their
Eathonian allies, to appeal to Von- der
Goltz for issistance. who will also take
Petrograd and restore'" . Ruasia according
to the German programme, combining with
the eastern enemies of England to obtair.
revenge on the allies.
The directors of the soviet have
followed out the course of argument
by which the Prussians support their
doctrine of world power founded on
ruthlessness. and have worked hand
in hand with them, but have out
done even them in the hideous thor
oughness of their execution of those
teachings. By their failure to sup
port the forces of democracy before
bolshevism became entrenched, ths
allies have delivered Russia into the
hands of Germany, and may prove
to have provided Germany with the
means for another bid for world em
pire in the next war.
It la not too late to say that Pa
trolman Pratt did what he was ex
pected to do when he tackled the
Piedmont hold-ups, armed as they
were; neither is it too late to say
there is "nothing the matter" with
Pratt. Wounds do not count with
him.
If it be fact that the railroads
have a month's supply, the coal
strike ia lost before it begins, for the
public will not stand for suffering,
and a way will be found. It is
doubtful ' if the miners themselves
have any big individual supply.
Crossing calamities never will be
eliminated until there is a law like
that advocated by a prairie-state
legislator long ago, whose bill pro
vided that neither shall pass until
the other has proceeded.
Government cannot say that a
man must work if he does not so
desire; but it does say that a man
shall work if he wishes so to do;
and government will see that he has
the opportunity.
What a fine Halloween prank it
will be to put in the wood of a
sick man or a widow. That would
make old John H. Hallow smile.
If that rolled down stocking fash
ion spreads, some people of 200 dis
placement will look shocking in
socks.
It may be another sign of the
times, but a look ahead reveals five
Sundays in February next year.
Last day of a long month and only
four paydays! The calendar needs
revision.
Judge Lovett finds his railway
pastures out this way flourishing.
Perhaps the miners intend it only
as a Halloween 'prank,
JAPAN'S SINCERITY IS DOUBTED
Mr. Allen Relieves We Should Not
Acquiesces as, to Shantung.
EUGENE, Or, Oct. 29. To the Edi
tor.) In an editorial The Oregonian
touches again upon a matter that Is
of grave concern to a good many of
us, viz., the propriety of America
approving the Shantung transfer.
You seem to agree with us as to the
wrong of the proposal, but you seem
to think that we are justified in ap
proving It because of some agreements
made in Paris and entered, as you say,
upon the minutes of the treaty-making
convention. Will you please give us
the wording of this agreement? IX
limitations are there imposed on an
otherwise absolute covenant, it is
highly Important to know the lan
guage used that we may judge
whether or not it constitutes a def
inite limitation.
But this only brings us to the
weightier Inquiry: Can any promise
made by the representatives of Japan
in Paris and entered upon the min
utes of the treaty-making; conven
tion be in any sense a limitation on
the treaty as actually ratified by the
governments through their proper
parliaments and legislatures? It seems
to me that you are asking us to rely
on a manifestly inadequate remedy
for what you seem to admit to be a
grave wrong. Did not Japan refuse
to be a party to the league of na
tions and peace treaty unless she
got this Shantung concession? And
did she, not insist in having it in
absolute form?
Are we to believe that she thus
affronted the world's highest ideals
for a mere formal, temporary gain?
Or that she has departed from that
policy of scheming aggression that
has characterized her for years?
By treaty made with Corea In
August. 194, she stipulated: "The ob
ject of this alliance is to maintain
the Independence of Corea on a firm
footing."
In April. 1S98, ia a treaty with Rus
sia she stipulated: "The two gov
ernments recognize fully the sov
ereignty and independence of Corea,
and pledge themselves to abstain from
all direct interference in the internal
affairs of that country."
In 1902 in a treaty with Great
Britain she stipulated:
"The high contracting parties, hav
ing mutually recognized the inde
pendence of Corea and China, declare
themselves entirely uninfluenced by
any aggressive tendencies In either
country."
In 1904 In another treaty; with Cores
she stipulated:
"The Imperial government of Japan
definitely guarantees the independ
ence of Cores."
Notwithstanding all these definite
pledges Japan shortly took over Corea
and has been ruling It and Its Chris
tian Inhabitants in a manner that
has shocked the world.
As late as August 1. 1915, our own
government addressed this language
to Japan:
"The government of the United
States cannot recognize any under
standing between China 'and Japan
Impairing the territorial Integrity of
the republic of China.'
In view of our traditional attitude
to China, in view of the known ag
gressive character of Japan. I am un
able' to understand how you can ad
vise that we formally assent to the
Shantung grab, in the most solemn
form of international agreement, ex
pecting to break its force by some In
formal agreement, if there be such,
that can have no really binding force
Can we serve world democracy bet
ter than to stand resolutely to that
clause in the old declaration "'gov
ernments derive their just powers
from the consent of the governed"?
S. D. ALLEN.
The Japanese programme regarding
Shantung as announced by the Japa
nese peace envoys is In substance to
restore Kiaochow; to operate the
Tslngtao-Tsinanfu railroad as a joint
Singo-Japanese enterprise without any
discrimination against other na
tionals. Chinese policing the road; to
establish in Tsingtao a general for
eign settlement, instead of an ex
clusive Japanese settlement: com
pletely to withdraw the Japanese
troops now guarding: the territory
upon completion of these arrange
ments with China. Since assurance
of this programme was given at the
peace conference it has been affirmed
by the Japanese foreign minister.
In view of the correspondent's own
citations of disregard for written stip
ulations in the past by Japan, we fail
to see how a more formal understand
ing would be more binding. Japan is
in actual possession of the former
German leasehold In China. It re
fused at the peace conference to re
linquish any part of its control ex
oept on the terms herein related. We
can accomplish nothing by refusing
assent to the Shantung portion of the
treaty, but by ratifying the treaty,
together with the league of nations
covenant, we acquire a position in
which we can see that the terms of
the supplementary understanding are
carried out.
Our benevolent attitude toward
China, la protecting It from foreign
encroachment is not so clear as the
correspondent makes out. The
Portsmouth treaty was concluded
through the good offices of
our own president. Instead of
protesting Us terms we took consid
erable pride in the achievement- Yet
that treaty transferred to Japan the
Russian leasehold of Kwantung, in
cluding Port Arthur; actual exeroi.se
of sovereignty over that region; con
trol and management of the South
Manchurian railway, and the right of
Japanese troops to police the line.
WAITING.
He Is goi-e;
"The hours of waiting grow ever
longer.
The memory of what he was to me
grows ever stronger.
He never will return, 1 know It now.
He Is gone;
I pass him room a hundred times a
day.
The things he valued moat have all
been laid away.
I know he'll never use them any more.
Yet there they'll wait and wait.
He is gone;
Here is his desk, and here his big arm
chair.
I used to sit upon the arm. and there
Is where his slippers hung, he loved
the fireplace so!
He gave it up. he felt that he must go.
Now he is gone.
He Is gone;
I'll never see his face by firelight
glow,
Somewhere he rests, it must be damp
and low.
But seas and dreary lands lie all be
tween And no one knows the place.
Yes. he Is gone.
I couid not bear to wait his lost foot
fall. To think I heard, yet know It was
not he.
But' there are thousands more who
wait their all
Like me, where empty sounds alone
will be
With them I wait.
.RAYilOSD Ji BAKER.
Those Who Come and Go.
"With the modern methods now em
ployed, any precious metal that es
capes will be awful tired trying It,"
declared Hal J. Slsty, at the Hotel
Portland. Mr. Slsty is operating a
mining property 14 miles belpw
Grants Pass, which he bought last
spring. Next year he will have a
six-Inch stream of water, with S30
pounds head to squirt at the ground
and this will make the dirt fly. He
Is also Interested In a clnnlbar prop
erty In southern Oregon. The man
from whom Mr. Sisty bought the gold
mine used an old hand cradle along
the creek for six weeks last sum
mer and took out $400 in gold and
$70 In platinum. For a generation
the -miners along the Rogue river
dumped platinum-bearing sandB into
the stream and probably thus threw
away more of this metal than they
recovered gold. Mr. Sisty's property
is supposed to be an extension of
the same formation as the celebrated
Greenback, which has produced many
millions of dollars in gold. While
Mr. Sisty says he doesn't expect any
thing remarkable, he looks for a good
revenue from his enterprise.
Having sold $25,000 of apples from
his 40-a.cre orchard at Yakima this
year, J. O. Shadbolt. accompanied by
his wife, and Miss A Shively of Los
Angeles, are on a motor trip to the
south. They arrived at the Mult
nomah yesterday and intended driv
ing to San Francisco, but the road
construction on the Pacific highway
has Inducted them to alter the plan,
so they will ship their car and re
sume the gasoline route from the
Golden Gate city. In addition to the
Yakima orchard, the Shadbolts also
own an orange farm at Redlands. CaL
They spend each winter at Redlands.
The recent freeze did not hit the ap
ples In Yakima valley. "From Glen
dale to the Columbia river," says ths
tourist, "we came over two stretches
of country road which for a long dis
tance had no turn out. but fortu
nately we did not meet any rig or
car. It was a relief to get on the
pavement of the Columbia river high
way." Master of the State Grange Spence
is preparing to leave for the east
next week to attend the annual meet
ing of the national grange. Mr.
Spence says that he does not expect
any action to be taken relative to
a triple alliance meeting in Oregon
before his return. The triple alliance
is a plan proposed by the executive
board of the State Federation of I-a-bor
to include that organization, the
state frrange and the farmers' union.
Nothing has officially been presented
to the officers of the state --grange
on this matter, explains Mr. Spence.
although there have been rumors of
such a possible alliance for some time
past. Regarding the national grange
meeting. Mr. Spence says he does not
know of any special matter which is
to be taken up by that body.
"More houses are needed In Corval
1 is." says Sam Elliott, a merchant of
the college town. "Houses are at a
premium and there in a brisk demand
for real estate. The college has a
record attendance of students and all
the business men report conditions at
high tide. Corvallis always attracts
a large number of families, the par
ents wishing; to be in town while their
children are attending the agricul
tural college, and with the increased
enrollment there Is an increased num
ber of families seeking quarters.
Scores of people were unable to find
houses and had to return to their
home towns."
If anyone in Portland has a hollv
hedge that he would like to have
neatly trimmed. Fred Marcus of
Salem is willing: to do the Job. Mr.
Mangus arrived from Salem yesterday
to scout around and see if he could
...... .iw.ij . . . ' . o lu3uw. ms
object ia ulterior, for he is auixlous to
secure a large quantity ot noiiy cut
tings for commercial purposes. He
is shipping out carload lots and, hav-
able supply in Salem and vicinity he
ncaucu lur ruruano to aiscover new
sources.
What the people of Burns are very
much interested In at present is bet
ter mail service. C. A. Smith of
Burns, who is at the Imperial, wants
to see the time when the mall is
brought across country by auto from
Bend. When this Is accomplished
Burns mail will he only one day late,
instead of two as at present. The
Oregon state chamber of commerce is
now trying to brine this about.
"Tillamook Is doing very well, in
deed." nays p. J. Worrell, proprietor
of the Tillamook hotel, who is regis
tered at the Hotel Oregon. The hotel
business In the cheese county Is more
thriving now than ever before and In
this respect reflects conditions
throughout the state, and for thai
matter, throughout the United States.
At 4 A. M. yesterday the hotels had
unexpected guests. The train from
Astoria had something wrong with II
and Instead of arriving at 8 P. M.
Wednesday night it ambled in Thurs
day at dawn, unloading a very tired
and uncomfortable crowd of passen
gers. . Frank Wrightman, one of the best
known lodgers, or lodge men, in
Salem, is in the city. Mr. Wright
man had charge of the celebration
the day that the bridge across the
Willamette connecting Marion and
Polk counties was opened. ,
J. S. Hawthorne of Astoria, and
Alex Gilbert of Seaside, have been in
Portland attending the cement trial
In the federal court. They were sum
moned as witnesses by the govern
ment to testify as to the prices of
cement In their respective towns.
W. M Ryan, who served as an over
seas secretary for the Knights of Co
lumbus and had charge of the wel
fare work of this organisation in
Italy, will go to Mount Angel to
morrow to give a talk to the stu
dents at the college.
Mrs. G. W. Short of Wilbur.. Or.,
registered at the Multnomah, is one
of the most active wo'men in the re
publican party In this state. She Is a
member of the Douglas county com
mittee and has never failed to attend
its meetings since her appointment
Mrs. B. O. Shuckllng of Salem Is
registered at the Benson. Mrs. Shuck
ling was connected with the home
service department of the American
Red Cross during the war.
Herman Wobbler, general manager
of the Paramount pictures distribu
tion on the Pacific coast, was among
the Benson arrivals yesterday from
San Francisco.
Since he has commenced working
his mining property in eastern Ore
gon. Harry M. Qulnn no longer reg
istered at the Benson from Seattle,
but from Baker.
H. R. Hoe fie r, who is building a
new hotel In Astoria, is at the Ben
son. Also at the Benson is A. G.
Hoefler. his brother, from Buffalo,
New York.
Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Hudson of Bend,
are at the Benson. Mr. Hudson ia In
the banking business in the central
Oregon metropolis.
E. B. Lockhart of Salem, who has
been soldiering in France. Is on IS is
way home. He registered at the Per
kins yesterday.
TRAFFIC LAW AT ITEBSECTIOXS
Daty Is WHk Car sit Ieft Avaslel
Collisions 1st All Cases If Possible.
PORTLAND, Oct. 30. (To the Edi
tor.) It seems to me that the traffic
regulation regarding right of way at
street Intersections should be more
explicit. Just merely stating that the
car coming in from the right has the
right of way means, if understood as
stated, that the relative speed as well
as position of the cars must be taken
Into consideration by the respective
drivers.
Driving north on Sixth street, I en
tered the Burnside Intersection at ten
miles an hour. I saw a Hudson "speed
er" about half way down the block
coming west on Burnside at about 25
miles an hour. We met about even
on the north line of Burnside. Which
of us had the right of way? The fel
low on the Hudson abused me and
threatened to have me arrested.
My understanding of the regulation
is that If the machines enter the in
tersection at or about the same time
the right Is with the machine on the
right: but if the car on the left enters
the Intersection while the other car
Is still on the street, the car on the
left has the right of way. This Is an
Important point and a ruling on it
should be published broadcast.
P. J. HOLOHAN.
Municipal Jut ge Rossman, who has
studied this question at length and
has passed on innumerable cases In
volving intersections, says:
When two machines are so situated at
an Intersection that if both continued to
progress they would collide, it is the duty
of the machine to the left to allow the
machine to the right to pass through the
intersection In safety. It makes no dif
ference whether the one is In the Intersec
tion or not. If they are so situated that
they would collide If both kept on going
at a lawful speed the machine to the leit
must avoid the collision. Even If the ma
chine to the right is speeding, the machine
to the left of it hss sn opportunity to
avoid a collision, must do so.
Judfre Rossman said that there are
a great many instances where more
than two streets intersect at the same
place or where an extremely narrow
street intersects a wide one or where
there is a jog in one of the streets at
an intersection, and consequently the
strict letter of the law providing that
the machine entering the intersection
first has the right of way cannot be
adhered to.
Lieutenant Davis, head of the traf
fic department, said that !t Is cus
tomary for his officers to consider the
machine entering an Intersection first
to have the right of way. He said the
matter was one of the big questions
in traffic work, however, and there
were many cases where judges had
held against this.
In a damage case in the circuit
court the judgment was given against
the owner of a car who was inexpe
rienced and was driving rapidly, al
though he collided with a car which
he approached from the right. In that
Instance the collision was unavoidable
1 by the car to the left, which was driv
en with proper caution.
tiRKATKIt IK.X C'K IX SHUDUIKS
Oreacon (ireiter More llar,mel There
by Than by Foreign Wol.
I PORTLAND. Oct. 3'). (To the Edi
j lor. I In The' Oregonian 1 noted re
1 ' e -t'.y that the Suite Chamber of
inerce had wired to Washington
otent against the auction sale of
uuls announced by the British gov
I ernnient. The intent of this, of
; course, was .to protect the western
v ool grower againn competition.
Much an the sheep men of the Pa.
cilic coast would like to eliminate
competition with foreign-grown
wools. Hnd muc-h as he must aunrcci-
! ate the assljiiance the Slate Chamber
of Commerce is trying to uive him,
he would do well to ask this hedy to
snd its protest to Washington
against his greatest of all competi
tors, namely, shoddy being sold as
wool. This competitor i four times
greater than all the foreign wools, as
what is sold 'he world over as "'all
wool" Is only 20 per cent virgin wool.
The olher 80 per cent is shoddies
made principally from old. worn-out
clothing and rags often gathered from
the cutters and ash barrels.
The selling of these i-hoc dies for
wool is what has done so much harm
to the sheep and wool-growing in
dustry In the past, and is r.lso one
of the it-fat -auscs of profiteering
in the piesent hi;h prices of clout
ing, as the consumer is sold Rood
and clothing labeled "ll wool"
(which, of course, he takes to be
"vlrRin wool") that are often made
wholly or partly from thfse shoddies
that n.ay have been worked and
worked over again many '.tmes. Of
course, they have lost most of its vi
tality and wear resistance.
Ana yet the law allows these man
ufacturer! to make up this stuff and
sell it as all wool, and the wool
grower of Oregon I. as to meet this
competition. the consumer buying
this stuff at the hlsh prices, thinking
he Is getting virgin wool, and only
finrhs out he has been fleeced when
the garment do's not wear.
As there Is no known chemical test
that will tell shoddies from virgin
wocl, and as the State Chamber of
Commerce. 1 am sure, wishes to pro
tect one of Orison's greatest Indus
tries, and aluo wishes to protect the
consumers against this fraud and de
ception, and put them in a position
thut they can get cheaper clothing. I
think It would be well if we were to
ask that body to wire Washington
asking the goveti-ment to compel the
manufacturers of these fabric-, to
mark their goods, whether made from
virgin wools or shoddy, and if part
of each, state the quantity, as the
manufacturer is the only one who can
tell what the cloth Is muCe from.
This would protect the sheep indus
try, the honest manufacturer, the re
liable merchant, and the great mass
of consumers who would then oe nble
to buy the quality of gocds they
wished.
CHARLES COOKF.Y.
Chairman Merchandite Committee,
National Association of Merchant
Tailors.
Dealer 1st Rare Boska.
PORTLAND. Oct. 30. (To the Edi
tor.) I have nine volumes of the
works of William Shakespeare, with
the corrections and illustrations of
Dr. Johnson. G. Stevens and others,
revised by Isaac Reed. These were
taken from the fifth London edition
and printed In 1S10 at Boston.
Would you kindly advise what you
think these books are worth now.
and who one would want to see in
regard to selling them? P. N.
Send your Inquiry to Brentano's.
New York. The address given Is
sufficient. The Oregonian cannot
estimate the value of rare editions.
Relative of S t onev n 11 Jarkaon.
ROSE BURG. Or.. Oct. 29. (To the
Kditor. ) Please tell me if any of
General Stonewall Jackson's relatives
are living and their addresses.
MRS. t. K. MAY.
The widow of "Stonewall" Jackson.
Mary Anna Jackson, died March 24.
1915. There was one daughter, but
available biographies do not give in
formation as to her whereabouts. You
may possibly obtain information by
writing to the Observfr. Charlotte.
N. C. that town having been the
home oX Mrs. Jackson.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. Msatajtar.
TAKE YOCR CHOICE.
Don't take all your trivial troubles
to bud
Don't let email annoyances fret you.
Don't think that some day you are
bound to be dead.
There is nothing that worry caul
get you!
Begin every day with a snatch of s
song
Whatever the load that you carry.
Have a smile, on your lips as you Jour
ney along.
Success always pomes to the) merry.
Nobody can gain either wealth, o re
nown Who travels through life with a groan
and a frown!
Don't take things too easy in this vale
of tears
No trial Is so light yon can flout
it.
Success will not come with the flight
of the years
Unless you get worried about it
Remember no great man has ever
been born
Who wasn't a martyr to sorrow.
The serious men are rhe. ones who'll
adorn
The roster of glory tomorrow.
Wherever you're placed you are cer
tain to need
Abundance of grief if you're coing
to succeed.
The opening stanza an optimist wrote
The second, and rather the worse
"un,
We have, taken the liberty freely to
quote
From the pen of a pessimist person.
You may get along if you follow the
plan
That's laid down by tbe optimist
brother
You may be a famous and prosperous
man
If you follow the rule of th other.
We're badly mixed up by the words?
of the two
And therefore, dear reader, we leave
It to you!
Ask Si, He Knows.
Since the prohibition law went into
effect the farmer's hops are wonder
ing what has become of all the apples
that used to be left under the trees.
Itonrness Genius. 1st Fart.
The 4-months-old calf which Is
worth $75,000 already must have been
singularly frugal and industrious.
Hardly W orts Considering.
The New London builder who offers
his carpenters beer and sandwiches
every afternoon at three will have to
go to terrapin and champagne if he
wants to get any help.
(Copyright. 1919. by the Bell Syndi
cate, Inc.)
Moods.
By (.race K. Hall.
Swift winged and fleet, with the
racing breese
And never a thought of fear.
The bird on his fragile pinions flees
Ahead of the gale's rough blast;
There's a swerve and a dip. now there,
now here.
As over the writhing trees
He circles wide in his aerial pride,
Eluding the storm at last.
Some hours go by in the eelf-eame
way.
With laughter and dance and song.
With never a fret the livelong day
And emileo at the danger flag:
The heart is a-wing with happiness.
Sheer joy is speeding along.
And we best the gale when we
blithely sail
With spirits that never lag.
Then again: in a dungeon dreary
With a hall to his ankle caught,
A prisoner sad and weary
Lives dismally through the hours.
And oft are our days as heavy.
With anguish and long-ire fraught.
As the chain and ball wits, their grue
some pall
That sap all his splendid powers.
In Other Days.
Twestj-flve lean Ago.
From The Oregonian of October 31. 14.
The final order of the court for the
sale of the-i)regoit Pacific road -December
SI at Corvallis has been given.
Tl Is rumored that Marcus Daly. Mon
tana millionaire, may purchase the
line.
The Oregon Railway & Navigation
company has launched a new boat
at Rlparia to take the place of the
Snake river boat Annie Faxon, which
was blown up a year ago.
K. B. Hardt. manager and financial
backer of the Portland Holiday ex
position, arrived yesterday from Ta
coma. - Markets of the city are full of
game, including venison. ducks,
grouse and quail.
Hewer of President.
PORTLAND. Oct. 30. (To the Kdi
tor.) Under the constitution of tie
United States has the presiderit the
power to employ the entire stand
ing army and navy any time, any
place, anywhere without the consent
and acquiesence of congress?
C. E. ROB EN SON.
Such power is not specifically given
to the president, but its exercise in
certain cases Is plainly implied in the
provision that "'the executive power
shall be vested In a president" in con
junction with the purposes of the con
stitution stated in the preamble.
Among these purposes are to "estab
lish Justice. Insure domestic tran
quillity, provide for the common de
fense, promote the general welfare."
These words imply that the presi
dent has authority to employ the
armed forces in enforcing the laws,
in suppressing rebellion and in re
pelling Invasion, relying upon con
gress to validate his acts and ex
penditures. If they exceeded his legal
authority but were obviously neces
sary to the purposes named.
As to the employment of the army
and navy abroad, the president may
lawfully .do so In fulfilment of the
terms of treaties. whi.Jt have the
force of law. This would cover the
many Interventions in Panama before
that republic became independent,
also the occupation of Santo Do
mingo. Troops were sent to Arch
angel nd Siberia for the purpose
of prosecuting the war on Germany,
which was declared by congress. In
case of war the president Is pre
sumed to have authority to attack
the enemy and his allies at any point,
and there Is no reasonable doubt that
the soviet government of Russia is
allied with Germany.
It stands to reason that the neces
sities of the case sometimes demand
action so prompt that it cannot await
a formal declaration of war by con
gress, as In the case of attack on the
American flag or American forces.
In such cases the president may act
first and obtain authority afterward,
subject to the restraint arising from
the knowledge that he would be
liable to impeachment for an arbi
trary exercise of power against a
country with which we had and ds
siccd no quarrel.