Morning Oregonian., October 29, 1919, Page 10, Image 10

THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1919.
lO
Jftormuc, (Drspmmt
ESTABLISHED BI HENRY I-. I'lTTOCK.
Published by The Oregonlan Publishing Co.
13." Sixth Street, Portland. Oregon.
C. A. MOKOEN, H. H. P1PBR.
Manager. Editor.
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It. J. Btde-el1.
FATE OF TILE JOHNSON AMENDMENT.
The Johnson amendment to the
league covenant giving the United
States six votes in the assembly to
match the six votes of the British
empire met the same fate as all radi
cal amendments and reservations
which have so far been brought to
a vote. The small majority against
it was evidently due to an attempt
of its supporters to take snap judg
ment, while many opponents were
absent, and is therefore not a true
reflection of the opinion of the
senate.
If the Johnson amendment had
been adopted, the undue voting
power now given to the British em
pire would have been transferred to
the United States., for the six Ameri
can votes would surely have been
cast as a block, while those of the
British commonwealths would prob
ably have scattered, especially on im
migration. The McCumber reserva
tion providing that the vote of no
part of the British empire should
count in a dispute in which any one
part is involved would more nearly
place the empire on an equality with
other members of the league. The
president so interprets the covenant
now, but some clarification such as
the McCumber reservation is needed.
On questions in which no part of the
British empire is interested, their in
terests would be so diverse that they
would be as likely to divide as would
other nations.
The vote on the several amend
ments and reservations is no guide
to the ultimate fate of the treaty as
a whole. That hinges on the dispo
sition of some senators to vote
against ratification because some one
cr more reservations have been re
jected, and on that of other senators
to vote against ratification because
some reservations to which they
strenuously object have been adopted
If all the senators who have failed
to get what they want in the shape
of adoption or rejection of reserva
tions were to vote against the treaty,
it would "be doomed, but there is no
human probability that they will so
vote. After all reservations and
amendments have been disposed of,
each senator will be called upon to
decide whether he shall vofe to ratify
the treaty or reject it. He must then
consider the consequences of either
course to the interests of the nation
and to his own political future.
No doubt can exist in the mind of
any senator whose mind is open to
the influence of public opinion that'
the vast majority of the American
people want a league of nations and
an early peace with Germany. Criti
cism of the league does not imply
desire for its rejection. The senators
must see that rejection of the treaty
and reopening of the conference or
of negotiations would indefinitely
prolong the present period of neither
war nor peace, and would make the
prevailing confusion worse con
founded. Though many senators may
see grave imperfections in the treaty,
most of them will . realize that a
worse evil would result from rejec
tion than from ratification of it as it
stands, and that the way will be open
to amendment of defects in the cov
pnant and to redress of wrong3 done
by the treaty, for which the league
will be an effective Instrument.
THE CLAIM OF GREECE TO THRACE.
Those Greco-Americans who met
in Portland to uphold the claim of
their native country to Thrace have
no cause to be ashamed of their hy-
I-.''"., w- - - . - - . - ' - i .... v . .j
they fought in the American army
for the freedom of both their new
country and their old. The associa
tion of the names of America and
Greece is most appropriate, for the
former is the birthplace of modern,
the latter of ancient democracy, and
it is most fitting that they should
both be represented by the sons of
new Greece.
That they have become true Amer
icans is proved by the fact that their
meeting was conducted in the lan
guage of this country, as Mayor
Baker observed. But that does not
forbid deep interest in the struggles,
sufferings and triumphs of their na
tive land, with which the last few
years have been filled. Their claim
to Thrace is founded in history and
the racial make-up of the population
before the Bulgars and Turks with
deliberate deviltry set to work to re
duce the Greeks to a minority by
massacre, deportation and famine
From the earliest dawn of history
the whole southern part of the Bal
kan peninsula from the Adriatic to
the Black sea has been Greek, and
" either the inroads of the barbarou
-iiulgars from the north and Turks
from the east, nor the centuries of
plunder from the Turks have been
able to change the character of the
people. Greek they remain. The
Bulgars have rivaled the Hunnish
deeds of the Germans by their treat
went of eastern Macedonia during
their three years' occupation, and
have thereby forfeited all claim to
special consideration. They should
be driven back to the interior, with
only the right to use the port of
Dedeagatch and the connecting rail
road. In view of the known facts, it is
' not easy to understand President
Wilson's reputed opposition to grant-
ing the claims of Greece to Thrace.
The Turks have no rights there
which anybody should respect, for
they have not, like other conquering
races, sought to amalgamate with
the conquered, to establish decent
government in the common interest
and to take both races into partner
ship in administration. Throughout
their centuries of supremacy they
have acted as alien ravagers who
rule by force, not by justice, and
their defeat should be followed by
their total expulsion. That would
leave the Greeks in the majority in
territory that is theirs by every
known right. By strict applicatipn
of the same principle they should
have Constantinople and the straits
also, but sound policy may require
in their own interest that some
strong, disinterested power assume
control of that region.
THE DISLOYAL BERGEH.
. Agreement of all except one mem
ber of a committee of the house of
representatives that Victor Berger's
conviction of violating the espionage
act proves him unfit to sit in the
house expresses the opinion of all
patriotic Americans. The fact that
an appeal is pending should not in
fluence the judgment of the house.
A jury found him guilty of the act
alleged. That proves hts disloyalty
and justifies his exclusion from the
supreme legislative body of the na
tion. In the open letter published after
his conviction Berger repeated that
the socialist party was opposed on
principle to "imperialistic and capi
talistic wars" and that the war of
the United States against Germany
was such a war. He said that the
socialists of Germany, Austria and
of the allied countries opposed the
war. The socialists of Germany and
Austria supported the war at the be
ginning, and did not begin to oppose
it until they lost hope of victory and
feared defeat. Evidence is also
strong that in the international so
cialist congresses for years before
the war the German delegates did
their utmost to commit the delegates
from Germany's future enemies to
nti-militarism, but refused to pledge
themselves to that policy lest they
be imprisoned. Berger is more Ger
man than American, and he must
share with other German socialists
responsibility for having aided the
mperialist and capitalist govern
ment of Germany by inciting the
socialists of other countries to ob
struct measures of military defense
with the effect, and presumably with
the purpose, of making German con
quest easier.
Even conceding Berger s sincerity
n his opposition to th war if he
was a loyal citizen or the United
States, his opposition should have
ceased when war was declared. The
first principle of American govern
ment is that the majority shall rule
and that when the will of the major
ity has been expressed, the minority
shall submit to the decision. This
is especially true of war with another
nation, for the preservation of the
nation requires that it act as a unit
and that all internal controversies be
suspended in the face of the enemy.
By continuing his opposition to the
war after the war had been declared,
Berger proved that he had .not
learned this first lesson of American
ism. By opposing war measures, he
gave aid to the enemy and thereby
proved himself an enemy of this
country. Those who fought against
the United States with arms in their
hands took all the risks of battle.
Berger fought against the United
States with his tongue and his pen,
yet has the audacity to claim the
protection of our laws from the pun-
hment which he earned. Such &
man is unfit to have any part in
making laws for Americans.
. CRIME WAVES.
Crime waves recur from time to
time. They precipitate first the
problem of how to catch the crim
inals and, second, the question of
what to do with them. Since it can
be demonstrated to a reasonable cer
tainty, by the '. records, that every
criminal sooner or later gets caught,
the lesser issue merges into- the
greater. The police and the sheriffs
of. Portland may or may not round
up the men who right now are defy
ing the law to the terror of the peo
ple, but if they do not, some other
officers will. Then what?
The wrong done to the victim is
soon forgotten; the present draws
few lessons from the past; the caught
criminal cries like a kaiser and begs
for another chance. He denies re
sponsibility, of course, and he finds
a kind of so-called criminologist or
psychologist ready to testify that he
is of an "abnormal type," not to be
dealt with as an ordinary man, but
to be coddled and charted and
studied and paroled and reformed,
ad nauseum ad infinitum, and then
some. But he proves that he is in
some respects exceedingly human and
exceedingly normal by -operating in
localities most noted for their len
iency toward criminals, and by
evincing a quite ordinary distaste for
paying the penalty of his crime,
It. is refreshing to take up the
views of Assistant Police Commis
sioner Weeks of New York, who said
recently at a convention of sociolog
ists and others that while it is trua
that defectives form a special prob
lem, the greater part of the work of
the police consists of dealing with
quite, ordinary human beings, made
criminals by quite ordinary desires
and temptations, and consequently
quite amenable to the ordinary in
hibitions. He added:
I want to say. from the experience of
one who, as a magistrate, has seen more
than 100.000 criminals, and who has cat In
judgment on 4O00 out of the 10.000 police
men of New York, that it is time for us to
drop talk about abnormal types and per
centages and get down to fundamentals ot
human nature. y
The cut-throat,- the highwayman,
the yegg and a goodly proportion of
professional automobile thieves (ex
cluding a small percentage of mis
guided youths Whose parents exer
cise no control over them and who
may not apprehend the gravity of
their offenses) may, as the psychol
ogists are fond of saying, be abnor
mal in-the sense that they are in
capable of comprehending that an
upright life offers more durable re
wards than a career of crime, but
they are quite as' other men in hold
ing a healthy distaste for prison re
straint, and they quite commonly
balance the chances of success in
crime against the prospect of being
caught and punished for it. The
ever-repeated experience of light
sentences or no sentences, of pardons
and paroles, nullifies the statistics
presented by reformers to show that
a certain number of offenders ac
tually make good.
The highwayman is the natural
product of desire to have the good
things of life without working for
them; his reasoning powers are little
impaired, as is shown by the care
with which he plans his crimes, and
it Is as good as a oertalnty that he
would hunt other fields if he knew
that if captured he would be sen
tenced to a stiff term in prison and
that he would serve it to the very
end.
The "fundamentals of human na
ture" to which Commissioner Weeks
alludes include dread of punishment.
There are exceptional criminals who
take no thought of consequences, but
these are in the minority. There is
another group so hopelessly "abnor
mal" that society in justice to the
law-abiding -cannot afford to waste
time coddling them. The notion that
criminality is a disease, lacking a
remedy for the disease, operates al
ways to the disadvantage of plain,
everyday, and also normal citizens
whose lives and security are worth
more than those of all the gun-carrying
outlaws in the land.
LEWIS' LOVE FOR THE "TOILERS."
The line of argument by which
the leaders of the coal miners justify
their demands is instructive as to the
degree of humanity which governs
the action of men who talk as glibly
as does' Lenine of "the toiling
masses." Their president, John L.
Lewis, is quoted as saying:
It is estimated that the deman'd for the
next year will be about 550.0oo.000 tons, ,
or 135.000,000 lett than for 1018. . . .
There ls.no reason why the miners should
work for more- than six hours a day be
cause they can dig in' a six-hour day all
the coal that can possibly be used. . . .
Therefore, why should they be required to
work eight hours?
That is the old, fallacious argu
ment that there is only so much coal
mining to do, and that the work
should be divided among all who
wish to do it in order that all may
be employed. But the miners are
determined to be paid more for six
hours than they have been paid for
eight hours, hence the demand for a
60 per cent advance in wages. They
fail to see that higher wages for
less work mean higher prices, which
will cause resort to other fuel ot
other means of generating power.
The result would be in another year
that they would want a five-hour
day at the same or higher wages,
which would send prices higher still
and again reduce consumption. If
followed to its logical conclusion.
this policy would end in the mining
of no coal, except perhaps for the
miners' own use, and they would be
out of a job, though perhaps they
might demand that the operators
pay them a minimum wage for
'sticking around."
But Mr. Lewis' estimate of reduced
demand is not borne out by those of
authorities who are at least as well
informed. The shipping board esti
mates that the world is short 81.-
C00.000 tons of coal, which can only
be obtained in the United States, and
that we must ship in the next few
months 62,463,000 tons in excess of
pre-war exports. That coal is needed
to keep the "toiling mass" of Europe
from freezing, but little do Mr.
Lewis' followers care about that.
They are so well paid that they have
already restricted production by tak
ing a day or more off whenever their
earnings become more than they can
spend from week to week. Their
earnings must be increased 60 per
cent and their work day decreased
25 per cent in order that they may
have more money to spend in more
leisure.
These demands are to be enforced
with as callous indifference to the
sufferings of the American people as
to those of the people of Europe, for
Mr. Lewis says:
We are told the railroads have nnlv
ten-day supply on hand. We will tie up
the railroads. We will tie up all the in
dustries. For a match to the callous cruelty
of this threat we must look to
Lenine's analysis of the methods by
which bolshevism is to be imposed
on the world.
A SHIPPING POLICY NEEDED.
There are scores of ships waiting
for cargoes, and cargoes, probably as
numerous, are waiting for ships, but
the shipping board has not yet
worked out a policy to bring them
together, and congress has not yet
attempted a decision. The board is
evidently trying to sell steel ships
without loss to the government and
offering wood ships at a loss, but
generally unfinished 'and without
machinery. If the wood ships were
finished, they could be doing as good
service as those already at sea are
doing, notwithstanding the croak
ers, but scores of them lie idle at
Portland and Seattle.
.Ships can be built at the present
time at much lower cost than during
the war, but the shipping board still
asks war prices. For steel vessels
it asks prices ' ranging from $200 a
deadweight ton for those of 3000 to
4200 tons deadweight up to $225 for
those of 9600 tons. According to ex
Chairman Hurley, offers have been
made to build as cheap as $149 a
ton on the Atlantic coast, and the
Pacific coast can certainly match
anything the Atlantic coast can do if
the present exorbitant freight rates
cn steel are reduced. There is no
cause for surprise that private cor
porations are letting contracts for
new ships instead of buying from the
government at the price quoted.
Ships are now built not only cheaper
but better than during the war, for
workmen have acquired more skill
and 'there are not the haste and
waste which accompany war work.
But Senator Edge of New Jersey
became alarmed at news that a cor
poration had let a contract for eight
tank ships, and moved a resolution
suggesting that taxation might be re
duced by selling ships and asking the
shipping board what was being done
in that direction. Senator Fletcher
objected that, "if the government
should dispose of the ships and put
the money in the treasury, we would
hav; that much money in the treas
ury, but we would have no ships."
He declared what is doubtless demo
cratic policy by saying:
I am not in favor of disposing of any of
these ships at this time, except such as
are not efficient and might reasonably
be disposed of In order to balance the
fleet. If It was left with me. I would not
sell a rowboat, especially not to any other
country.
He read a letter from Chairman
Payne, of the shipping board, which
shows the course of the board to be
in harmony with his policy, for it
says that the board charters only
wood and composite vessels with few
exceptions, and allocates steel ves
sels to particular routes, operating
them through agents, thus keeping
them under its absolute control. It has
sold only 26 steel, 20 wood and com
posite vessels, five tugs and one barge
a total of 217,207 deadweight tons, for
$31,989,665, and names prices and
terms for sale of steel ships under
which nobody will buy. Prices and
terms for wood ships are more mod
erate, but there seem to be few buy
ers. The shipping board has given
the wood ship a bad name by unfair
comparison with steel vessels, but
more- particularly by forcing on
builders designs which art not
adapted to the lumber traffic, for
which wood vessels are most used.
The administration and its sup
porters in congress, among whom
Senator Fletcher is a leader, are un
willing to dispose of the emergency
fleet after the emergency has passed.
They want the government to owr,
and operate the merchant marine,
while republicans generally want the
government to get out of the ship
ping business by selling its ships to
private operators. In support of the
administration policy it is said that,
if the ships were sold, they would
soon pass into the hands of foreign
ers and the United States would
again be without a merchant marine.
There is but one valid reason for that
prediction that the cost of opera
tion under the American flag would
be prohibitive. That is a new indict
ment of the navigation and seamen's
laws, which have been proved the
chief cause of higher cost of opera
tion under the American flag. Mr.
Hurley has expressed confidence that
by use of modern dock facilities and
by practice of the same efficiency as
is the rule on the great lakes, Ameri
can ships can compete with those of
any other nation. With revised ship
ping laws, we should at least make
the attempt.
Before the present congress ex
pires the question should be fought
out between the democratic policy
of a government-owned merchant
marine and one that is owned and
operated by private enterprise. We
have seen enough of the wastefulness
incident to government in business to
satisfy the people that private enter
prise is more economical. The only
reason which can be offered for gov
ernment operation is that monopoly
and excessive charges may spring up
under private operation, but this can
be met by the same degree of regula
tion as is applied to railroads, with
the fact always in mind that Ameri
can ship-owners must compete with
foreigners who would not be subject
to American law.
Government ships sell slowly, not
only because the shipping board asks
prices too high for present conditions
tut because of prevailing doubt as to
the future shipping policy. At pres
ent ships can be obtained at reason
able prices only by building them,
and then the contracts must be ap
proved by the shipping board, which
discourages new building in order to
unload those of its own fleet that it
does not want to hold for the great
government-owned merchant marine.
Early and right decision on a ship
ping policy is necessary firmly to
establish an American merchant ma
rine and the shipbulding industry.
Dr. Francis Burgett Short's sug
gestion of a subsidy to the traction
company to enable it to pay in
creased wages does his heart credit
at the expense of his good sense.
Still, general taxation to keep a pub
lic utility going is about the sum and
substance of municipal ownership.
Dr. Short's method is more direct
and leaves no chance for conceal
ment of the tax by bookkeeping de
vices. President O'Connor, of the long
shoremen's union at New York, is
making a brave fight against great
odds to induce the members of his
union to live up to their bargain. If
more men in like position had made
a stalwart resistance to the insanity
which has seized workingmen the
proposal for collective bargaining
would have met with a favorable re
ception at the industrial conference.
Portland has, approximately, two
policemen to the square mile for ac
tive duty in three shifts. Concen
tration necessary in the congested
district thins this down to the almost
negligible. As the offender never
leaves notice of his intention, it is
no wonder there are burglaries and
hold-ups In dark places. It is no use
to ask the impossible of a harassed
force. Much better, double it.
The reds win in Russia by the
same strategy as was practiced by
the Germans swinging their main
force from the center to the point
where the danger is greatest. Hence
their present success at Petrograd.
But each attacking army constantly
draws nearer the heart of bolshev
ism, and that heart steadily grows
weaker.
The efforts of the British to de
velop air routes show Britannia's de
termination to rule the air as well as
the waves. America should be active
in competition for the honor, for
commercial supremacy may go with
control of the air lines of communi
cation. A "better feeling" In the egg mar
ket means rising prices. Probably a
dollar a dozen would be described
as "best." The worst of it is there is
no substitute for the egg, the sole
article of food that way.
A New York man has been charged
with illegal possession of more than
a million pounds of bacon. With a
falling hog market, his punishment
might seem certain without arrest.
If there are sixty million gallons
of whisky "waiting for something,"
perhaps Wilson hoped to make up
the deficiency the way it is some
times done here when it rains.
Much of the news of the day is of
crime, because the tendency of the
time is that way. It tells of an after-
war condition of unrest and relief
will be slow.
A verbatim report of the exper
ience meeting between the sultan of
Turkey and the ex-shah of Persia
wjhould be highly entertaining.
Among the anomalies of the vote
to override the prohibition veto were
Chamberlain for and Borah against
turning down the president.
New York having forbidden Ger
man opera in German, the next thing
is to taboo English opera with a Ger
man accent.
"General" Sammons' Red Cross
campaign will be too delightfully
easy. "Red Cross" is religion for
most of us.
The would-be Hallowe'en prowler
would better beware Friday night. A
ride in the wagon to jail is no Joke.
Michigan must get back to the
simple life and dispense with olives
if it would live at all.
Wonder if Mr. Bryan, old-time
prohibition-democrat, is shocked by
Wilson s latest.
That Frenchman who looped 624
times in a single trip is some w ha
flighty.
BY PRODUCTS OP THE PRESS
How Soaaa Identified Himself to
Doubting Bank Cashier.
The other night in Cleveland, ac
cording to the Plain Dealer, John
Philip Soma told this little story:
While in an eastern city with hit
band he closed a business deal with a
New York man and gave him a check
for a considerable amount. The man
took John Philip with him to the
bank. The cashier looked at the check
and he looked at the man who pre
sented it.
"I don't recognize the signature,
be said.
"Here is Mr. Sousa," said the man.
"He'll identify it."
"But I . don't recognize Mr. Sousa."
said the cashier.
By that time the employes had
gathered around and were enjoying
the situation. Then John Philip slow
ly turned around with his famous
back to the cashier and for a half
dozen seconds conducted an imaginary
band. The bank employes roared
with delight, and the cashier there
upon remarked:
"The indorsement on the back is
accepted!"
The finding, of a passage in th
Bible led Frank E. Harris of Denvei
and Jesse F. Blake of Pike Springs,
Ark., to abandon a "prison strike' at
the United States disciplinary bar
racks on Alcatraz Island. San Fran
cisco bay.- They were leaders among
a group of "conscientious objectors"
who had refused to work, but dropped
their trouble-making tactics when
they noted this passage in Romans
XIII, verses 1 and 2:
Let every soul be subject unto the
higher powers. For there Is no powei
but of God; the powers that be are
ordained of God.
. Whosoever therefore reslsteth the power,
reslsteth the ordinance of God; and they
that resist shall receive to themselves dam-
A looker-on in Minneapolis tells
this story in the Tribune of that city.
He was a stranger to Arvid A.
Erickson, the mayor's secretary. He
strolled leisurely into the mayor's of
fice, switching a light cane, garbed
ultra-fashrionably, his face bronzed
seemingly by much outdoor life. Mr.
Erickson hastened to greet him.
"My name is KIck-a-Hole-ln-the-Bky."
said the stranger.
Mr. Erickson. in spite of his official
duties, is somewhat of a sensitive soul
and, not being accustomed to persi
flage of such a nature from total
strangers, blushed a deep blush.
"Again, please," he managed to say.
"My name," repeated the stranger,
"is Kick-a-Hole-in-the-Sky."
"Yes, yes, go on," said Erickson,
faintly.'
"And I am looking for the Indians'
convention which I understand is be
ing held here."
"Are you an Indian?" asked the sec
retary, forgetful for the moment of
the proprieties.
"Certainly," said Mr. Kick-a-Hole,
"I might say also that Carlisle grad
uates aren't in the habit of running
about in war paint and feathers, much
as it seems to surprise you. Can you
tell me where the convention is to be
held?"
And Mr.- Erickson gave the required
information.
Descendants of 100 distinct North
American tribes attended the eighth
annual convention of the Society of
American Indians.
e
Nowadays the short story novel Is
in vogue as well as the short story.
Occasionally a novel runs to 100,000
words, and sometimes a little over,
but 80,000 is about the limit as a rule.
Martin Chuzzlewit" and "Dombey
and Son" probably run to 400,00
words. The longest npvel in the Eng
lish language is Richardson's "Cla
rissa Harlow." published in 1749. It
was originally Issued in eight vol
umes. It runs to over 800,000 words.
But even this is far surpassed by
Mile, de Saudery's famous novel of
the seventeenth century, "Le Grand
Cyrus." This ran to ten volume and
was translated Into English and ap
peared in five folioe of 500 pages
each. Yet it was read widely. Then
there was La Calprenade, who wrote
Cleopatra." This novel which found
host nf reader actually ran to 23
volumes.
see
Something was said about an hon
orary dinner in New York for Gen
eral Pershing with a twenty-tive
dollar-a-plate service; and the young
housekeeper observed that this was
bringing a week's rations on the table
at one meal. But Aunt Mary says it
would have been nothing much out
of the ordinary.
Lumberjacks who have eaten In
Minnesota woods camps on a flve-meal-a-day
schedule, remember bills
of fare that would give a twenty-five-dollar
dinner of today a fair run
for its money:
Pot roast beef, chicken stew, cold
sliced ham, all set out in large stew
pans and help yourself; potatoes,
plain, boiled and mashed, with two
kinds of gravy; three kinds of
pickles; raised bread, hot biscuits
with butter: sugar In open pans and
a big spoon; stewed prunes, dried ap
pie sauce; soda crackers, sugar cook
lea, gingersnaps, raised cake; apple
and peach pie; coffee and tea strong
enough to float an egg. And even
at this, some of the lumberjacks quit
the Job and went to the next camp
where they served hot griddle cakes
and str up three times a day.-
Almost anyone would leave a mod
ern twenty-five-dollar dinner for old
fashioned fare like that. Minneapolis
Journal.
Soon we may have doctors prescrib
ing air voyages for Insomnia. A
transportation company recently or
e-anized to run air liners between
New York and San Francisco has been
blazing the trail with one of its 26-
passenger planes. It landed one day
recently with half its passengers fast
asleep. It might be supposed that
there would be little incentive to
sleep on an airplane, especially on
one' first trip. But the passengers
on these planes say the contrary Is
true. The cabins are big and com
fortable. The machines ride more
smoothly than a Pullman car. - The
novice soon comes to feel a sense o
security. The scenery, beautiful as
it may be, becomes rather monoton
ou- in time. The groaning and whir
ring of the propellers tend to make
one drowsy.
Still more overpowering is the
soporific effect of the air. Fresh air
always tends to make one sleepy, as
any automobile rider or oceatt travel
er can testify. It seems to operate
more strongly in the higher levels,
where the air is purer.
Those Who Come and Go.
"Portland will never be a port until
it has steamship lines' running out of
here and bringing back business," de
clared F. Schafer of the San Francisco
& Portland Steamship company at the
Imperial. "Los Angeles is just like
Portland in this respect. You have
wheat and flour and lumber, but you
should gather freight from all parts
of the country and send It through
here; then your ships should get car
goes and bring them back here. When
a ship is sent out the ship owner
b.as to hustle to get cargoes, and no
man works as hard as a ship owner.
Several ships operated out of here
will mean that much more hustling.
There is plenty of business to be had,
but it must be gone after. Also,
Portland people will have to put their
own money into it- "Shore are big,
sure returns In ships, but they call
for a lot of money. If Portlanders
own a ship they can go to men in
Salem or Pendleton and say, 'We've
got a good thing; come in with us,'
and they will get help, but Port
landers must first put in their own
coin. The whole idea is to go out
and get the business."
"The British have gone to the hide
markets of South America and they
have bought extensively of the fin
ished leather in the United States, so
that our own sources of supply have
decreased." states P. L. Caldwell of
Manchester, K. H. "If the British
use this leather themselves Instead
of reselling it to Europe we will soon
return to a pre-war condition In
leather.. The consumer, however, has
not reached the apex of prices for
shoes. That will come next spring.
The manufacturers, I believe, have
reached this peak, but the manufac
urer Is always a season ahead of
the consumer." Mr. Caldwell says
that the labor organizations In his
shoe manufacturing town fell Into
the hands of the radicals last sum
mer and a strike and lockout resulted.
One workman turned out such poor
goods that the factory could not sell
his work, and after remonstrating
with the workman for three weeks
he was discharged, and then the walk
Ing delegate called a strike to rein
state the Inefficient workman. The
strike was tost. Mr. Caldwell states
hat the strike of the policemen In
Boston has turned public sentiment in
New England against all strikes.
When the elder Mr. Halferty came
to Portland and tried to get orders
for the clams which he minced and
put In cans, the dealers laughed at
such a commodity and called minced
clams ridiculous. The clams were
cauarht by George Halferty. who r
rived at the Imperial yesterday.
Now." says George Halferty, "Instead
of begging a dealer to take minced
clams, the dealer is Informed that If
he wants any he will have to pay so
much." After the Halfertys caught
and minced about all the clams be
tween Astoria, and the Jetty they
moved over to Aberdeen, where the
clamming was good, and they have
been .catching and chopping them
there ever since. Minced clams are
now found In the stock of every gro
cer and there are many people can
ning- them, but the Halfertys did the
pioneering.
Coming from the frozen north te
pass the winter In Portland are E. A.
Sweet and S. O. Uasier oi v aides,
Alaska, who registered at the Mult
nomah yesterday. The past season has
been a prosperous one in the mining
business, they announce, the output
being large. "The boat which brought
us to Seattle," says Mr. Caaler, "also
brought $2,000,000 In bullion and that
is, of course, only one of a number
of such shipments this season. I guess
most of the men up nortn like to get
into more modern civilization for the
winter, as it breaks the monotony and
fits us for another period, and. be
lieve me. we all love to get back up
north again."
Owner of one of the largest ranches
in California, James Irvine of San
Francisco is at the Benson. Mr. Ir
vine's holdings are In southern Cali
fornia, where he controls something
like 100.000 acres. There are ranches
In Oregon vastly larger than this, but
they are ranch ranches and not gen
erally cultivated, as are his acres. He
has thousands of- acres planted to
beans, and the market quotations on
this humble vegetable are always In
teresting reading for him.
E. H. McDanlels, who has been su
pervisor of the Chelan forest for sev
eral years, is In Portland on his way
to Grants Pass to become superintend
ent of the Siskiyou forest, filling a
vacancy caused by N. F. MacDuffa
transfer to the Cascade forest. Once
upon a time Mr. McDanlels worked
out of the forestry office in Portland.
Held as a federal witness, Roy A.
Klein, secretary of the state highway
commission, has been in Portland sev
eral days. He has come from Salem
to give testimony In tne cement trial
now being conducted by the govern
ment. The highway commission had
a tilt or two with cement companies,
and this is. presumably, the reason
the government desires Mr. Klein's
testimony.
"Zion City isn't as well advertised
as when Dowie was alive and op
erating there." reports B. G. Hess of
Los Angeles, who arrived at the Im
perial yesterday. "It is still a lively
place and prosperous, but there is a
lack of the spectacular element which
at one time kept that community
very much In the public eye." Mr.
Hess has been acting as a "Y" sec
retary at Zion City.
George W. Cheese of Jefferson
raises eggs and chickens and prunes
for himself and when he has a sur
plus he disposes of It so the non-producers
of the cities will not starve,
and then he comes to town and
spends the money of the city men
with the city men. With Mrs. Cheese
he came to the Imperial yesterday.
The fact that one. can come to Port
land for three cents less than it costs
to go to Seattle from Chehalis is not
the main reason why Mr. and Mrs.
Millard Wilson and George Taylor of
Chehalis are registered at the Hotel
Oregon.
Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Brown of Wal
nut Grove, Cal., arrived at the Im
perial yesterday. Mrs. Brown is a
member of the Kindred family, one
of the earliest families settling where
Fort Stevens is located.
Tom Thompson, a wheat raiser
known all over eastern Oregon,
passed through' the city yesterday on
his way to Klamath Falls. His head
quarters are at Pendleton.
R. Hill Stewart of Edinburgh, Scot
land, and C H. Post of New York ar
rived at the Benson yesterday. They
are head officials of a fire insurance
company.
George Dunn of Port Orford, In
Curry county, which hasn't incor
porated town nor a motion picture
shop in its entire area. Is at the Per
kins. . Alfred Battle of Seattle, with his
wife. Is visiting friends in Portland
and Is registered at the Multnomah.
Mr. Battle Is an attorney.
W. H. Hollis, formerly a member
of the legislature, representing
Washington county, was In Portland
yesterday. ITe lives at Forest Grove.
-R. R. Westbrook, a hotel man of
Albany, was a visitor at the Hotel
Oregon yesterday.
'
MANY CITY SALARIES BEGGARLY j
Retlrlag Employe L'rs;re Adoption of
Higher Tax Levy. i
PORTLAND. Oct, 28. (To the
lor I A f k- .rnnlnvo. ut th.
. ,7 " , , '" , .
to present a few facts relative to the
present financial condition of the
city as it pertains to the business of
which I have charge?
When Dr. T. L. Perkins was city
commissioner he prevailed upon me
to accept the position of stationery
clerk, the duties of which are to pur
chase the printing and stationery
supplies for the city. Having had
practical experience in this line I
concluded to accede to his request.
though with reluctance as the posi
tion was paying only 98 a month.
When Mr. Pier succeeded him as com
missioner I was requested to remain,
and several months ago the salaries
of most of the employes were raised
35 to 16 per month, my salary now
being 3113 per month, which accord
ing to the high cost of living is equal
to 350 a month three years ago.
During the time I have been con
ducting this branch of the city busi
ness I may conse'entiously state to
the public that, through my knowl
edge of the business, I have saved the
city more than double my salary by
buying right and according to busi
ness methods. Now what I want to
Impress upon the public mind Is that
my case is only one out of many
where the salary paid. Is not com
mensurate for the responsibility at
tached or for the required knowledge
necessary to fill the positions. 1
find that the salaries paid in the city
hall are beggarly.
Of course the people will naturally
say: "If you don't like it. quit.- in
my case, yes, I have already sent in
my resignation to take effect the
first of the year and will try nence
forth to earn more than a bare llv-
The taxpayers of the city snouia
know that their servants are worthy
of their hire and entitled to the same
remuneration as If working for
private business firms and further
more, when they see tne city is con
stantly increasing In population It
stands to reason that more revenue
must be required, especially at this
time, than five years ago. Every aoi
lar voted for the progress of the city
means a hundred fold in years to
come and when the measure comes up
for an increase of taxes from 9 to 11
mills on November 12 it behooves
every citizen to vote "Yes." If you
re wise and want to see your city
grow don't cheat yourself out of dol
lars to save pennies.
F. J. KTJPFER.
CLASS SAID TO ESCAPE TAXES
Writer Wli Ocrapatioai Tax Pat oa
Professional Men.
PORTLAND. Oct. 23. (To the Ed
itor.) The election called during the
coming month for the purpose of
authorizing an increased tax levy de
mands serious consideration. Have
the city officials carefully considered
whether there might not be another
source of income to the city without
again attacking the tax payer? When
ever any money Is needed the tax
payer is always the "goat." Attack
htm. bis property Is immovable, and
all you have to do Is to get the au
thority, generally voted by non-taxpayers,
and you have it. Not all the
money you need, however, for some
times, as In the case this fall, the
taxpayer is broke and can't pay. as
the statement recently made by the
chief deputy In the tax office proves,
when he says that the delinquent tax
this year was the largest ever experi
enced In this county. Ask the aver
age property owner how his property
is showing up lately, even with the
Increases In rents, which he is surely
entitled to, and figure for yourself
how he is coming out.
There are a lot of men and women
engaged In business in this city who,
although they receive all the benefits
of the taxpayers, pay no taxes whatso
ever. I refer to the professional men
who fill our large office buildings. I
mm sunt T am aafA in savlnir that half
of them pay no taxes whatsoever, al- J
though most of them receive a healthy
Income from their various professions.
Most of those that are prosperous buy
bonds and like securities, which they
carefully store away In a safe deposit
box out of reach of the tax collector.
Most of them own autos, use our
streets for riding and driving, as well
as our highways, bridges, parks, etc.,
which are maintained by the taxpay
ers. Would It be Illegal or unfair to
exact an occupation tax from this
class? Many of these professional
men have incomes from their prac
tice which would make the income
of a property owner look sick in com
parison. Still they pay absolutely
nothing. Some lines of business are
taxed, others escape entirely. This
Is not fair. Before attempting again
to saddle additional burdens on the
taxpayers, why not make a careful
survey and see whether or not there
are not amongst us citizens who en
Joy all the benefits the city has to
give them, without sharing any of the
costs or responsibilities. T. E.
Freedom of the Seas.
WHEELER. Or., Oct. 27. (To the
Editor.) Will you have the good
ness to tell me what Is meant by the
term "Freedom of the seas." as
it Is said that England has exclusive
freedom of the seas? Did President
Wilson refuse to recognize Huerta
as the president of Mexico?
L. S. JOHNSON.
1. Freedom of the seas originally
meant that the seas were common to
all and In that sense the principle
Is universally conceded in the doc
trine that the jurisdiction of a state
extends three miles beyond the coast
line and no farther. The doctrine has
been enlarged to include exemption
from capture by a belligerent of non
contraband goods carried in a neu
tral vessel, and by abolition of pri
vateering. President Wilson further
enlarged the doctrine In his declara
tion that every great people should
be assured a direct outlet to the
great highways of the sea. Refer
ence to England's "exclusive freedom
of the seas" has only to do with the
sense of safety and equality impaired
by the simple existence of a pre
ponderating naVal armament in the
control of one nation. 2. Huerta
was never officially recognized by
this country as president ot Mexico.
Kxajn laatlon af Ceaaaa Takers.
PORTLAND, Or.. Oct. 23. (To the
tor.) Please give me some idea of
what the examination for census enu
merator Is. In what subject would
one be examined? A READER.
Upon application for a position as
census taker you will be provided
with a copy of the blank on which
the data is to be taken. It is In
tended that you study this and be
examined upon your ability to fill
out a blank correctly. The speed
with which you accomplish this, the
legibility of your handwriting and
your general knowledge of the ques
tions taken up on the blank will form
the basis for the grading of it.
Child Wisdom Exhibited.
London Bllgnty. '
Mother "What's the matter, dar
ling?" Child "P-p-pa hit his finger with
the hammer."
Mother "Don't cry about that; you
should laugh."
Child ;'I-I d-did."
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. MonUKUC
Edi-!Wh. A,JJ:
':."'." iuuueu iikmuuiv.
wnicn frequently he did.
A Genie, nebulous and damp.
itepnea, "lour servant, kid."
And when Aladdin's lightest wish
was modestly exriressed.
The Genie, with a foggy swish
went out and did the rest.
But when the Genie chanced to speak
w nn otner Genles. who
Had all their evenings off each vsuek
And half the work to do.
He soon became a sullen shirk
A lazy, idling wretch
Who wouldn't do a tap of work
For fortnights at a stretch.
And by and by the little that
He did began to pall.
He left hla mortal master flat
And did no work at alL
So, If you find Aladdin's lamp
(As maybe you will do)
And rub and rub, the slacking scamp
Will never answer you.
The moral of this little lay
Which Is not in the books
Is this, "Just keep your cooks away
From other people's cooks!"
S3
Poets Moat Express Themselves.
Let D'Annunzio alone. If he couldn't
fight he'd probably be writing vers
libre.
ovr It Can't Be Done.
Just as we were about to have our
swords beaten into ploughshares the
steel workers went out on a strike.
A o (food.
Mexico is a great exporter of patent
medicines from America, but what is
troubling Mexico can only be cured by
a capital operation.
(Copyright, 1919. by the Bell Syndi
cate. Inc.)
A Bit of Cheer.
By Grace E. Hall.
flunk pleasant things! If you are
blue and sad
You radiate an Influence for 111:
Another life which is not over-glad.
May be subjected to a blighting
chill
By touch from you. It is not fair to
throw
One feather's weight against the
tide of joy;
Too many struggle now with under
tow. Which you increase by moods that
oft annoy.
Say pleasant things! The world is
weary now
Of discord, wrangle, cries that
never cease;
There is unrest enough: on each
man's brow
Are furrows that were never plowed
by peace!
We each might calm a fret If we
would try.
Each one miRht hush a wail or
soothe a moan.
It is so easy oft to change a siffh
Into a laugh, by mirth-provokins
tone.
Believe in life! Think kindly every
hour.
Though you may set about it as a
task ;
Say something cheerful, though by
actual power
You force the utterance from your
frigid mask!
Get tightened grip and never loosen
hold
On kindly feelings towards the
world about.
Your heart will thaw in time from
morbid cold.
And let a ray of warmth come
creeping out.
It costs so little for a pleasant word
Yet earth is richer far for each one
heard.
In Other' Days.
Titeaty-flit Years Abo.
From The Oreiconlan of October 20. 1!!M.
Frank Klein and Otis lavage were
arrested Saturday for the express
robbery at The Dalles in which 314.
000 was taken and all but 3200 of the
money was recovered.
Buenos Aires. The earthquakes
which were felt throughout Argen
tina yesterday were much more
serious than reported, as whole towns
have been destroyed and several hun
dred persons were killed.
Something like 200 cars of grain, it
Is reported, arrive at The Dalles
every day on the way down the river.
The Multnomah republican club
held an Interesting session in the
Lambert block Saturday night, with
Senator Dolph as the principal
speaker.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oreironlan of October 29. 1S;:.
The firm of Corbett & McLeay are
sending to Liverpool on their steamer
Adeline Elwood, 100 kegs of Colum
bia river salmon by way of Introduc
ing this article In England and Scot
land. It Is rumored that a San Francisco
firm has leased the brick building.
corner Washington and Front streets.
and will open a banking Institution
The hammer with which Mr. Par
rish drove the first spike on the east
side railway is to be preserved bv
the company, along with the shovel
with which the first earth was turned
last year.
The Boston Advertiser carries
account of a lecture on Oregon arid
the Pacific coast, delivered at Tre
mont temple by W. L. Adams of As
toria.
Normal Cat of l.amhrr.
ALBANY. Or., Oct. 27. (To th
Editor.) In several recent reports or
lumber production in Oregon, state
ments are made that the cut is now
within S or 10 or some other percent
age of "normal." I have made In
quiry of those who might be suppose,
to be informed, and am curious t
know the basis on which normal pro
duction is determined. One woul
naturally presume. In view of presen
activity, that the output exceerlei
that of any previous period. E.
The monthly statistics on lumbe:
operations to which you refer an
furnished by and credited to th
West Coast Lumbermen's association
which has its headquarters at 425-3 3
Henry building, Seattle. Obviously
the reports cover only data turned li
by members of this association an
the comparisons as to cut are wit)
reference to the association's averag
through previous years. By writing
to the. association you may ascertaii
the percentage of mills of the north
west which are represented In th'
association.
20-to-l Shot Discussed.
Washington, D. C, Star.
"Charley, dear," said young Mr.
Torkins, "you were talking about i
20-to-l shot when I came into you
office today." "Was 1?" "Yes. Ant
I was very much pleased. I hope yoi
will cultivate enough Interest ii
marksmanship to take your mind ol
horse racing."