TIIE MORNING OREGOXIAX, THURSDAY, AUGUST 7, 1919.
ESTABLISHED OT HE.VBT L- PITTOCK- .
Published by The Oresonian Publishing Co.,
135 Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon.
C. A. ilORDEN, E. B. PIPER.
Manager. Editor.
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LIBERTY OR DICTATION".
Demand of the railroad brother
hoods for what they call elimination
of private capital from railroad own
ership has such grave import that it
is an imperative summons to all the
American people to pause and think
what it means. Having adopted gov-
eminent operation as a temporary ex
pedient for war, we have let things
drift since hostilities ceased. There
has been lamentable lack of leader
ship in the quarter whence the peo
ple had the best right to expect lead
ership namely, the president. Mr.
Wilson has wavered between the two
courses indicated by sound judgment
and political expediency. The na
tional interest pointed to one course,
his political alliance with the labor
unions pointed to the other. At least
90 per cent of the people oppose gov
ernment ownership, but they are un
organized and therefore unable to
make their influence tell with full
effect against the small but well or
ganized minority which assumes to
dictate to congress. The brother
hoods' demand is a summons to the
great majority to consider whither
they are drifting, and to indicate in
unmistakable terms in which direc
tion they wish their hesitating lead
ers to lead.
It is folly to blink the fact that the
railroad men attempt dictation. That
is plainly intimated in the statement
of B. M. Jewell that, if congress
should pass the bill of Director-General
Hines establishing a committee
on wage increases, "we'll tie the rail
roads up so that they will never run."
It is implied by the first sentence of
the railroad men's manifesto that "the
innuendo that the railroad. men are
holding up congress and the govern
ment may as well cease." The two
statements, taken together, indicate
that that is precisely what is being
attempted. The question is not
whether railroad men's wages shall be
increased, or whether they shall share
profits. The question was well stated
by Senator Thomas when he said:
A segment of the American people has
pointed its finger at the American con
gws and said: "You must legislate thus
and so or we w-ill strike and tie up all
transportation and Industry."
That is what the American people
face. It is "direct action," such as
has produced industrial chaos in
almost every -country of Europe. It
is might, contemptuous of right, dif
ferent only in degree, not in principle,
from the might by which Germany
sought to enslave the world and by
which bolshevism has made Russia a
charnel-house. It matters not whether
this might is wielded by one despot
or many, by one class or another,
such might is one kind and effect. It
is destructive of freedom, and there
fore is repugnant to American de
mocracy, for the principles upon
.which this government was founded
recognize special rights of no class,
do not even recognize that there are
such things as classes. They deal
only with individual citizens and with
the1 civil units into which the gov
ernment organizes citizens. By the
unhindered operation of those prin
ciples the American nation has grown
to its supreme position of beneficient
power and prosperity and has become
the. hope of salvation for a suffering
world.
The idea that there is an inevitable
conflict between capital and labor.
between class and class, which can be
settled only by establishing supremacy
of the working class, is not only un
American but anti-American. It is; an
importation from Europe, where rule
of the aristocracy and plutocracy sug
gested to the gloomy mind of Karl
Marx rule of the proletariat as the
only alternative. It has no place here,
because the conditions do not exist
which suggest that alternative.
Although the brotherhoods propose
what they call tripartite control of the
railroads by the public, the managers
and the employes, let there be no delu
sion as to where control would really
lie. If the brotherhoods should suc
ceed in coercing congress to adopt
their policy that fact would make them
the ruling power in operation of the
: railroads and the other two would be
mere ciphers. There might be nine
directors, but labor s three would out
vote the other six. Xor would that be
the end. The spectacle of labor ruling
the railroads would incite all the radi
cals, theorists, Utopians to agitate for
socialization of other industries and
all the self-seeking politicians, pseudo
economists and fishers in troubled
waters would join their ranks. The
men of sound, practical judgment and
knowledge, who have built up our in
dustries, would retire or be pushed
into the background and would be re
placed by men of the tvpe of Debs.
Haywood. Berger. La Follette. whose
constructive ability is small, though l
tnej nave shone as destroyers of what
others have built and as builders of
airy castles.
It is an occasion for all to pause
and think both of the effect on Ameri
can democracy and of the practical
effect on their own well being. The
farmer has been accustomed to give
ready sympathy to anything offered
in the name of labor, but he must now
think of the result to himself. Rates
would certainly be raised still further
in order to satisfy the demands of the
dominant partner in control of rail
roads. The farmer's staple products
are sold in the world's markets at the
world's price, regardless of the cost of
getting them there, and the higher
rates would come out of the farmer's
pocket. As the world settles down to
work, food production will increase
and prices will fall. Then cost of
transportation may decide whether
there shall be any profit.
So it must be with the manufacturers
and their millions of workmen. Their
capacity has so far outgrown domestic
consumption that they must rely chiefly
on loreign markets in order to main
tain full operation. In those markets
they will compete with other nations
which will struggle fiercely to recover
their lost trade and to earn money
with which to pay their huge dejts.
Cost of transportation may be decisive
as to our ability to compete. If it
should be too high, we "may be ex
cluded from some .markets by freight
rates which would have all the effect
of a prohibitive tariff imposed by those
countries. Europe and Asia will gain
material advantages in trade by the
peace treaty. International waterways
and railroads will be thrown open to
through traffic, and obstructions to
free transit will be removed from
straits and ship canals. Old countries
which have lain fallow for centuries
will become productive and enter into
active competition. Ability to place
goods in distant cities will often de
cide whether workmen in American
factories shall work full or half-time,
and cost of transportation will be the
important factor.
It is useless' to pretend that the
government can operate the railroads
at as low cost as private enterprise.
The experience of every country which
has tried it proves the contrary. More
men than necessary are employed,
management is wasteful, service is bad
and improvement is slow or stops en
tirely. The tendency is to fall into a
bureaucratic rut and to wear it deeper
until the people are unable to jolt
the hug machine out of it. Although
American railroads before the war
were far from perfect, they were far
superior to those of any other country
in low cost of transportation, in service
to the public, in inTprovement and ex
tension of lines, and most of all to
those of countries where the govern
ments own and operate the roads.
Many states, especially in the. west,
need new railroads, but under the
proposed plan all new construction
would have to run the gauntlet of
congress under the same conditions as
govern river and harbor and public
building appropriations. Voting power
is decisive, and the states which most
need new railroads have the fewest
votes. Oregon and other half-developed
states would have to grab at a
railroad pork barrel. They would get
few new roads, and these at excessive
cost.
Every motive of principle, patriotism
and interest dictates reistance to trie
dictatorial demands of the uailroad
men. If the worst should come, we
might better let them carry out their
threat to tie up the railroads than
yield. That was tried by Debs in 1894.
and the attempt failed. There are
means of transport in this day which
did not exist then, and they would
enable us to live on until the would
be dictators acknowledged defeat. We
should better do without railroads for
a brief period than surrender our
liberties to any body of dictators.
HOW TO ACHIEVE THE MILLENNirSL
When the happy and useful thought
strikes the American mind that work,
hard work, will solve most economic
problems, and all social problems, we
shall hear but little of the high cost
of living.
There are too many-people who are
riding and idling, and too few walking
or plowing.
It is the age of gasoline and the
rubber tire, high speed and short hours.
the moving picture and the farm
tractor. In the old days of honest
sweat by man &nd beast, not much
was heard about some things that
nowadays worry the world. There was
plenty to eat and plenty to wear; and
the simple life was the rule.
Man was made to toil. . When he
quits and goes to fighting, as he did
in 1914, there will be a scarcity of food
and of everything else; and it takes
time, even after he goes back to work,
to restore the equilibrium. When he
settles down to work, in real earnest,
there will be peace and order, content
ment and prosperity. "
THE BIYER ON THE OFFENSIVE.
After all due allowance has been
made for economic conditions which
cause prices to rise, the mental atti
tude of the people plays an important
part. While war was on, sellers readily
excused an advance in price by say
ing. "It is the war," and buyers as
readily accepted the exctise. Having
succeeded the first time, the seller was
tempted to try it again, and then .again.
That has been the case in other coun
tries as well as this one.
There comes a time when the con
sumer's power of endurance reaches
exhaustion. He turns and strikes back.
That time came in Italy, when the
people stormed the stores and put the
merchants' goods on sale at half price.
That it has come to this country is
indicated by the protest of the railroad
men against the race between wages
and prices. To use military terms, the
seller has been on the offensive, and
the consumer has made little, if any,
defense. The time for a counter offen
sive has come, and the seller is called
upon to defend the rise in prices. The
spur of patriotism no longer is ap
plied to the buyer, and the seller is
required to give a good reason.
-While no reasonable man expects an
immediate return to pre-war prices,
certain facts of the situation raise
doubt whether further advances are
justified; in fact, we may doubt whether
a decline should not begin. Xearly all of
the men who were withdrawn from
production by the war have returned
and are at work, and the abnormal
demand for supply of the army has
ceased. There is unlimited demand in
other countries for everything that the
United States can supply, but they lack
means of transportation and the finan
cial organization to procure whatthey
want. It may be that, when these
deficiencies are supplied, excess of de
mand over supply will warrant further
advances, but a close watch should be
kept over the course of prices. The
profiteer is tempted, when an 'advance
of three cents is made to him. to make
it five cents and thus the original three
cents grows like a snowball. Often
no combination is needed to make this
action general throughout any trade
for it is instinctive. But combination
has been given the powerful sanction
of the administration by being used
for war purposes,- and the-attorney-
general may be embarrassed by finding
that he is called upon to attack com
binations which have received the
official blessing of the war industries
board.
While too much should not be ex
pected from legal proceedings against
profiteers, the moral effect may be
great. The people in general may be
provoked to demand a good reason for
higher prices, to oppose them actively
and to seize every opportunity to es
cape them. A good weapon of defense
is to produce more, even in one's own
back garden, and to consume less of
any except absolute necessaries. Those
whose wages have been raised during
the war need to realize that the in
crease is more apparent than real.
WJien purchasing power of money is
considered, two .dollars does not now
represent much mOre han one dollar
did five years ago, but the larger num
ber of dollars tempts a man to indulge
in luxuries with which he formerly
dispensed. If a man regards a dollar
as only 50 cents in purchasing power.
he will.be more apt to keep within his
income and he wilW go ' a . Jong way
toward beating the profiteer.
TRIFLING BCSIXKSS.
The great "project of calling an extra
session of the legislature goes bump
ing along its more or less tranquil
course. Its main impulse indeed, its
sole impulse is the desire of a. small
group of women of the professional
type of suffragist to have the equality
amendment ratified. It is a project
with which The Oregonian has moder
ate sympathy with due reservations.
Xot long ago The Oregonian sug
gested that Governor Olcott might be
justified in convoking the legislature
if the members should pay their own
way, and if there was reasonable
assurance that enough "other states
would take similar action, so that the
effort would not be wasted, and all
qualified women would thus get to
vote in 1920 as they desire. The assur
ance has not been forthcoming, for
the reason, doubtless, that nobody and
no organization is authorized to give it.
The Oregonian is inclined to repent
even of its qualified recommendation.
What it sees now is that the legisla
ture, if it meets, will hold a full
bloomed session. The Multnomah dele
gation, fry example, will not charge
the state anything for its indispensable
services, but it proposes to reserve to
itself its constitutional right to legis
late. Here is one member who. pro
poses to launch the movement to move
the state capital, which should be of
interest at Salem, where it doesn't cost
anybody anything much to gj to the
legislature and stay there in regular
or special session: and somebody else
wants to do something or other about
somebody's bloodhounds. Thus the
prospects of a good old-fashioned sky-is-the-limit
session is good, if the gov
ernor yields and gets the thing started.
The plain duty of Governor Olcott
is to call an extraordinary session of
the legislature when a real emergency
exists. It is the state's equally plain
duty to pay the legislators their per
diem and their mileage for their serv
ices. It is but trifling with a formal
and solemn prerogative of the gov
ernorship and with the constitutional
duty and obligation of the legislature
to call together a session for aught but
the most imperative reasons. There
is no real emergency now justifying
such action.
WHO CONTROLS T
Thoy rthe striking shopmen) admit that
the strike was called in defiance of the
grand lodge officers of the unions involved,
but say that it was In compliance with the
wishes of the rank and file of thfc federa
tion. From an Associated Press dispatch
(Chicago) on the strike situation.
From many parts of the country today
came reports that striking shopmen refused
to return to work. despit3 the fact that their
action was denounced as illegal by the ex
ecutive council of the six shop crafts. From
an Associated Press dispatch (Washington)
on the strike.
Who speaks for organized labor?
A common feature of the Seattle
strike was repudiation by several sub
ordinate unions of the right of the
central or national organization to
control their action. It was the same
at Winnipeg. In San Francisco an
upset by the telephone strikers of a
settlement reached by the telephone
representatives and the operators was
narrowly averted.
It may in all candor and fairness be
asked of organized labor what they
mean by the right of collective bar
gaining, which is the essence of union
organization. Who bargains? With
whom? Representing whom? What
contract is undertaken or fairly im
plied when the right to bargain col
lectively is recognized by the em
ployer? Is it or is it not that the rep
resentatives of labor who make the
bargain for the unions shall be au
thorized by labor to see that its terms
are kept?
It will be said, we suppose, that the
railroad shopmen have not agreed
with the railroad operators to keep at
work when it suits them to strike
Then they reserve the right, to strike
whenever as individuals or as local
organizations it pleases them, no mat
ter what their leaders say, or what
the provisions of their respective
charters, or what the contractual re
lations if any or if none, between the
central organization and the em
ployers may be.
Many unions, perhaps most great
labor unions, reserve to the national
or international organization the right
to sanction a strike. Many of them
have agreements" with employers to
seek, adjustment of any d i s p u t1
through arbitration before resort to a
strike. Control of the action of the
subordinate unions is the main asset
of the unions in their negotiations for
arbitration. Clearly, if there is no
such control and any union maystrike
when it wills, confusion and disor
ganization will result, and unionism
will break down. The unions recog
nize it and admit it, and seek to avoid
the dangers of independent action by
stipulations among themselves, and
actually or inferentially, with em
ployers, that control Is with the na
tionals, or internationals. But what
is to happen to industry, to employ
ers, to workmen, and to the public
if there is in practice -to be no such
control ?
What does collective bargaining
mean?
SYSTEM IN NATIONAL FINANCE
One of the first fruits of Senator
McCormick's activity in the senate, is
a pair of budget bills which bear much
resemblance to those of Representa
tive Frear. though the latter, carries
his plans much farther. Both would
establish a budget bureau in the treas
ury department, which would prepare
the departmental estimates for con
gress. and--both would establish an
auditor-general, who would take the
place, of the auditors of the several
departments, would be appointed by
congress alone and would audit all
expenditures to insure that money was
spent for the purpose for which it was
appropriated. Mr. Frear would go
rfarther by establishing a joint budget
committee, composed of the senate
finance committee and the house ways
and means committee, which would
prepare all appropriation and revenue
bills.
Foreign statesmen are astonished at
the fact that the government expends
billions yearly without any check by
an authority independent of the Spend
ing departments. Senate and house
each has a committee on expenditures
in each department, but they do prac
tically nothing, and when any special
occasion for investigation arises a spe
cial committee is usually appointed.
Although appropriations are made in
great detail, they in effect go into a
common fund for each .department or
bureau, the head of which has many:
millions at his disposal.
Within a year, when the war will
have ceased to serve as an excuse, the
people will demand relief from taxa
tion. That demand will run counter
to the loss of three quarters of a billion
in internal revenue taxes on liquor,
which must be replaced from some
other source. - A large part of that
sum could probably be made good by
introducing system into appropriations
and a rigid check on expenditures by
an auditor who is responsible only to
congress, which is responsible to the
people for the public revenue. Both
Senator McCormick and Mr. Frear are
on the right track, and congress will
neglect an Important part of the recon
struction legislation on which it is
engaged if it should fail to pass laws
on the lines which they have indicated
for reconstruction of the nations!
finances.
IX CONGENIAL SI RROUNDINGS.
The directors of the United States
Chamber of Commerce, who arrive
here today to survey the merits of
Portland as the meeting place for the
annual convention of that body in
1920. will find a city which has the
resources to give the right Inspiration
to its deliberations. It is solid, sub
stantial and prosperous. It is progres
sive, but not radical, conservative but
not reactionary. Its activities are as
varied as the products of the broad
area which it serves, and its horizon
is not narrow, for it is reaching out
across the Pacific for trade with dis
tant lands. This should be a congenial
atmosphere for the representatives of
the nation's business.
No more appropriate section than
the Pacific coast could be selected for
the convention at this particular junc
ure in the country's affairs, for the
commercial, industrial and political
problems of the immediate future deal
with the countries bordering on the
Pacific ocean, and Portland is midway
along this coast. Meeting here at a
season when the temperature of the
east is torrid, the delegates would find
a mild, equable climate amid delight
ful scenes, which would well reward
them for the long trip across the
plains and mountains.
It goes without saying that the direc
tors will receive a hearty welcome.
irrespective of the object of their visit,
and will be given an opportunity to
see all that goes to make Portland a
great city and to make life enjoyable
to its citizens.
The next thing for the allies to do
s to give Rouraania a mandate for
suppression f bolshevism in Russia.
While they talked and temporized and
knuckled down to the bolshevists with
in their borders, the Roumanians
marched into Budapest and ended the
communist farce.
Election of a returned soldier to
congress on the republican ticket over
a member of the old Kentucky family
of Hardin shows which way the wind
blows in politics. The soldier has the
call, and he does not lean to the party
which mismanaged the war.
The-housing problem in the great
cities is not altogether a matter of
availability of conveniences. A recent
survey showed one tenement house
with only a single bathtub, but the
tuh was being used as a repository for
coal.
Riley chose the wrong country for
his counterfeitingoperations. He should
have gone to Russia, where the soviet
government has gone into the counter
feiting business, and imitates the
money of all "capitalist" governments.
Carranza is so anxious to . miss no
opportunity of jolting the United States
that he turns loose a submarine earth
quake under the Pacific fleet. Prob
ably if he were called to account, he
would lay the blame on Villa.
Gutzon Borglum, the sculptor who
muckraked the aircraft board, should
be given a job as secret service agent.
He might secure the evidence to con
vict the beef trust which nobody has
yet been able to find.
Britain may be willing to cade Its
West India islands to the United States
in payment of its war debt, but there
is some doubt whether they are worth
the price. Then how about self-deter
mination?
Depend upon a democratic admin
istration to go the limit either way
A quarter-century ago hogs rarely
brought 3 cents, and now a small
ham "busts" a five-dollar bill.
borne or these philanderers Who run
off with wives of other fellows would
better first study tnaps and locate
state lines. The Mann law gives no
body the benefit of a doubt.
Shantung is like a hot potato, and
Japan may be glad to drop it. If that
should be the outcome, it would be a
more remarkable victory for China
because it would be bloodless.
Indiana farmers of an organization
that sounds political advise farmers to
hold all their produce until the strike
ends. They will, never fear, because
they cannot heJp themselves.
The public service commission has
set August 27 for consideration of the
increase in phone rates. By the time
the matter is settled the consumer will
have forgotten his grievance.
The fruit inspector asks that indi
viduals destroy the webs of worms on
their trees, not waiting for official
notice, and that is a modest request
easy to comply with.
About everybody in England has
taken a turn at striking except the
statesmen. If their job becomes much
more strenuous, they may follow the
fashion.
Because this is a good time to buy
furs .is no reason women should wear
them in weather that about knocks
out sweltering mankind.
The prince of Wales has begun his
voyage that will start the agony on
this continent.
The iceman must be the most con
tented of mortals. You do not hear ol
his striking.
The weather folk ease it to us with
"fair and warmer," and enough i
plenty.
For genuine kicking, there is the
possible strike of the chorus girls.
Stars andStarmakers.
Br Leose Cass Bur.
Ruth St. Penis made her debut as a
tragic actress in the production.
'Miriam, Sister of Moses." at the
wona-ramous Greek theater of the
University of California on August 1.
Beneath the canopy of summer skies
the dancer, surrounded by a cast of
IS players, a chorus of 100 voices, a
ballet of 100 and an orchestra of 50
pieces, made her premier in a speaking
role.
Ruth St. Denis began her theatrical
career as a dancer under the direc
tion of David Belasco. and, although
she has gained world-wide prominence
as a dancer, it has always been her
ambition to appear some day in a great
spiritual drama, -which embodied a
wedding of the arts.
f "Miriam, Sister of Moses." was writ
ten especially for Miss St. Denis by
Constance Smedley Aijmfield. a London
playwright. It is a close approach to
pure synthetic drama. The play, music,
choruses, baliets. costumes and scenic
effects were all designed especially for
the production.
The music was wvitten by Professor
E. G. Stricklen of the university, who
several years ago wrote the score for
the Bohemian club jinks of San Fran
cisco. The costumes and stage effects
were designed by Maxwell Armfield. a
London artist, and Ted Shawn orig
inated and trained the ballets. Ruth
St. Denis created her own dances and
the solo parts of the ballets.
One certainly does learn things from
out of town papers. K'rinstaace. this
is gleaned from the correspondence de
partment of Variety last week:
"It is also, known that Portland's
chief executive. Mayor George L. Baker,
has received an offer from a large
eastern theatrical man, to which is at
tached a 10,000 yearly salary. This
offer, it is understood, would ink.
Mayor Baker to foreign lands, which
he would not like, preferring to remain
in Portland."
Ruth Chatterton and her company in
"The Merrie Month of May" arrived in
Portland on Tuesday, coming directly
from Los Angeles. They planned this
early arrival in Portland, so that thev
might go on the Columbia highway on
Wednesday. The entire company started
early and spent most of the day on
the beautiful highway. They open
their week-end engagement in "The
Merrie Month of May" tonight at the
Heilig. Miss Chatterton is under Henry
Miller's direction.
Henry Miller and Blanche Bates are
playing in San Francisco this week.
and are to appear at the HeiHo- ir.
'Moliere" one week from tonight.
Tommy Gray, actor and author of
vaudeville sketches, says for publica
tion that he has no brother borrowing
money on his name. Tommy heard
Someone in the west was representing
himself as a relative and making soft
touches from artists. Tommy does say
that, as this impostor was successful.
he would like to engage him as a col-
ector. Tommy adds he has several
bills against actors that he cannot get
any money on himself.
Helen Ferrers, a war nurse for three
years, has returned to the stage in
London.
Gertrude Atherton is aroma- to ' Los
Angeles to put some of her best-known
books info movie form. Her stories
will be staged at the Culver Citv
studios under the direction of Rex
Beach and Goldwyn. Upon leaving the
cuojjl Sne. win return to TTtah to
the atmosphere for a big motion pic
ture feature.
Maf Irwin is getting in the hav on
ner isu-acre farm near Clayton these
aays. ine stage won't see her much
before September 1, she says. Flo
Irwin, May's sister, is now at the Irwin
farm.
George McKey and his vaudeville
partner, Ottie Ardine, are engaged to
appear in "What's the Odds?" a re
written arrangement of "Checkers."
Ilka Marie Deel. a dramatic actress
here recently on Pantages circuit, has
Deen engaged by Rosalie Stewart to
play the leading role in "On the Tel
low Sand." a role created by Fania
Marionoff.
Lucy Weston, the English musical
comedy star. Is to return to the stage
in a musical production of the Siel
wyns. Miss Weston has been in re
tirement for several seasons.
The De Wolf Hopper company, pre
senting "The Better 'Ole," Is to reonen
August 22 at Newburg, X. Y., and after
playing Poughkeepsie and Utlca will
head for the big week stands.
The current Mrs. Jack Norworth.
Mary Johnson, is to appear with Ray
Royce in "Magic Glasses." written by
Francis Nordstrom, who did both words
and music.
Broadway Woks aoomed to be full
of the McN'aughton family the coming
season. Tom McNaughton. who lately
returned from England, has engaged
to appear in "See Saw," which Henry
W. Savage first produced a week ago
at Stamford. Conn. Others in the cast
are Charles Meakins and Frank Car
ter. The show goes to Boston for four
weeks.
Wheeler, with his pretty little part
ner, Gertrude Dolan. has appeared here
on the Orpheum. He and his partner
organized a company called the Wheel
er and Dolan All-Ameriean Vaudeville
company and opened in Calcutta on
July 11. 1918. Mr. Wheeler's Utter says
that the tropical heat affected many
o the artists so seriously that they
h id to have medical attention and Cap
tain Webb-Johnson was called in. From
that time on Johnson was a daily visi
tor back stage, and immediately start
ed to fcrce his attentions upon Ger
trude Dolan, Wheeler's dancing part
ner. Mr. Wheeler warned Miss Dolan
and the other worsen of the company
of Captain Webb-Johnson's reputation,
and , they . gave him a wide berth.
Finally he was forbidden by the man
agement to go behind the stage.
.According to Mr. Wheeler, from then
on Webb-Johnson did all in his power
to hurt the show and the reputations
of the players, both men and women.
The latttr's actions so incensed Mr.
Wheeler that on meeting Webb-Johnson
later in Bombay, where he con
tinued his persecution. Wheeler gave
him a sound thrashing. Mr. Wheeler
was later arre3tid. charged with as
saulting an officer in uniform, and sen
tenced to "five months' rigorous im
prisonment." Shortly after the trial and conviction
of Mr. Wheeler. Captain Webb-Johnson
left India.
Those Who Come and Go.
"Portland's prospect for beebming a
great woolen manufacturing center is
being .Jeopardised by th proposed
'change in rates." declares R. N. Stan
field, former speaker of the house, who
is the leading sheepman of the west.
"Portland is now the second largest
wool center In the United States. The
concentration of raw material is the
first essential toward the upbuilding
of textile Industries. The mills must
have available a depot of material from
which selections can be made. Without
the opportunity to make selection the
manufacturer is handicapped. It has
been my belief that the future Portland
would be a great woolen manufacturing
center, for the raw material is shipped
here and the water and climatic con
ditions are ideal. If. however. the
freight rates are. such as to force the
wool to the Atlantic coast instead of
coming naturally to Portland, this pros
pective idustry will be lost."
Mr. Stanfield is in Portland on the
rate matter, as he is materially affected
by it- x
Copper valued at $75,000,000 is a new
Idaho find which is controlled by four
men. George W. Densley of Weiser,
who is at the Imperial to confer with
his partners. R. N. Stanfield and J. R.
Adrian, feels that hisuture is assured
financially. Densley, by the way, is
nursing a fractured arm, for he was
trying to imitate Barney Oldfield on
an eastern Oregon road and had an
accident. The copper find is in the
Heath district. In the Seven Devils
country near the Iron Dike property. A
couple of young fellows took an option
on the Iron Dike, deposited $5000 and
in three months took from the mine
enough to pay the $650,000 purchase
price. According to the report made on
the new discovery, thera are about
16.000,000 tons of copper-bearing ore
M. R. Straight, the fourth owner, is
now in the east. There isn't a share of
stock for sale.
"California used a large number of
Qregon road maps," says State High
way Engineer Nunn. California re
quested a supply- of the maps which the
highway department issues. The de
pactment endeavored to have various
commercial bodies and advertising mer
chants to pay the cost of the maps, but
a general refueal was met. Finally
the department printed a few thousand
of the maps and shipped them .to Cali
fornia. with an explanation of the cir
cumstances. . The California people im
mediately sent a check covering the
cost, or the maps but it was a sarcasti
letter. It will be news to many Orego-
nlans to know that there is a steadily
increasing demand for road maps of
this state in California. It is a strong
indication that the tourist movement
is headed this way."
Ther"e are 4000 tons of hay. raised
on the desert in two years, awaiting
shipment from Boardman. which is 164
miles east of Portland. J. C. Ballenger
of Boardman, who is at the Imperial
says that the people are anxious to get
a aepot, an agent ana a sidetrack so
that the hay can be shipped out.
Boardman is on a government prbject
which has been unusually successful.
or in two years the settlers have, in
many instances, cleared themselves of
debt. Nine tons of hay to the acre,
with a ready market for the forage, is
making this new community prosper
ous. The people at Boardman are en
terprising, for they have a $12,000
school building, with five teachers and
100 pupils. Additions to the school
building are in contemplation.
Old-timers will recall the "rawhide
railroad" which was between Wallula
and Walla Walla, but the latter-day
citizen probably never heard of that
enterprise. W. S. Clark, one of the
men who built the rawhide railroad, is
a visitor in Portland, and with his fam
ily is at the Hotel Washington. The
railroad not only had wooden ties, but
it also had wooden rails and as there
were no nails available to use as spikes,
the rails were fastened to the ties by
strips of rawhide. It was a crude and
primitive piece of construction, but it
served Its purpose and did very well
for those days. Mr. Clark's home is at
Walla Walla and he has lived there
for a generation or more. -
Hie whole life has been a search for
grass and water, for that Is trie life of
the sheepman of eastern Oregon. J. B.
Adrian, representing Juntura. Or., at
the rate hearing, does not think that
the sheepman has an easy bed. For
instance, think of paying a 14-year-old
boy $100 and. found for lambing, or
herders $100 a month. -with found. The
old time sheep herders are now sheep
""'i" ana mere is a new crowd fol
lowing the flocks. And then along
comes the scheme to increase the rate
one cent a pound on wool.
"I'll admit the wind blew, some at
Arlington last week." confessed the
mayor of the town, Br. J. W. Donnelly,
"but if he had wind, there were parts
of the country that would have paid
good money for a breath of air. To
prevent the wind from disturbing the
grade of the Columbia river highway
between Arlington and Blalock, It is
proposed to squirt a film of oil. which
will serve as a blanket and hold it
down. The oiling will be for about 40
or 50 acres. The railroad has an oil
equipment which will be used for this
operation."
Vice-president 'and manager of the
Central Oregon bank at Bend is E P
Mahaffey. Yes. this is the same "Pat"
Mahaffey, who used to be deputv coun
ty clerk here in.Portland. Mr. Mahaf
fey is now ranging over central Oregon
with the same ease and familiarity that
formerly, browsed around Portland He
says that no one thinks anything of
driving 100 miles in that section of
the country. He. himself, does most
of his driving at night to avoid the
heat of the desert. From Bend to
Lakeview is just a little trip, according
to "Pat."
When Lincoln county was populated
by the Indians, the first three white
families to penetrate the forests of that
section and carve out homes were the
Grahams. Mackeys and Butlers. Mr.
and Mrs. R. A. m Arnold of Toledo, Lin
coln county, are at the Washington ho
tel, having motored over the rather
rough roads in Lincoln. Mrs. Arnold
is a descendant of the Grahams. Buy
ers' week is the motive for the Arnolds
being in Portland at this time.
Making money is a simple matter
when one goes after it like "Charles
Johnson of Fossil, who is in town.
Mr. Johnson is a stockman, and as
though that Isn't enough to keep him
busy, he is a dealer in automobiles, and
to occupy his spare time he has con
tracted to furnish the meat for the
construction cres working on the
John Day highway. Mr. Johnson
brought. two carloads of cattle to Port
land, sold them at1 a nice price, and
bought a high-powered, car to take
home.
Former prime minister of Mysore.
India, is Sir M. Visvesvaraya, who ar
rived at the Multnomah yesterday. The
visitor has been studying conditions In
Jkpan, and after tarrying a few days
in Seattle he came to Portland and
will gather data on municipal affairs
in this cily. Six months ago he retired
from his diplomatic post.
Young Mother Directs.
London Blighty.
"I think the baby has your hair,
ma'am," said the new nurse, looking
pleasantly at her mistress.
"Gracious!" exclaimed the young
mother, glancing up from the novel.
"Run into the nursery and take it away
from her. She will ruin it."
In Other Days.
Twrarr-lre Years Azo.
From The Oregonian of Auirust T. 194.
London. A Shanghai correspondent
telegraphs that he has seen several
Japanese transports, escorted by war-
snips, in the lellow sea. presumably
bound for Chemulpo.
Judge Jackson, associate Justice of
the United States supreme court, is a
visitor in Portland and an informal re
ception was tendered htm yesterday by
me rurudna .tiar association.
. .
Bids for the $500,000 water bonria of
the city were opened vestendav and
premiums offered ran 'as high as $49,-
350, or 9.89 ner cent.
Property of the Portland Cable Rail
way company is to be 'sold to satisfy
. . . . . . . s nutiues aggregating o 6 .-
500.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of August 7, 1S69.
San Francisco. The United States
branch mint will reopen for t trans
action of business August 14.
The ecMnse of the sun todav will nof
be total for Portland, h lit nenrlv o
The line of totality runs throua-h Da
kota, crosses the Mississippi near Bur
lington. Iowa, and enters the Atlantic
near Beaufort, N. C.
The dray firms of Holman & Cond
Taylor & Co. have consolidated and
will transact business under the name
of Taylor, Holman & Co.
C. B. Upton has resigned as deputy
sheriff and Byron Z. Holmes has been
appointed to the vacancy.
More Truth Than Poetry.
By James J. MoBtigae.
THE OLD AXD THE NEW METHODS.
Unluckily for Captain Kidd he lived In
simple times
When gold was only to be had by bad.
uniawfm crimes.
When wishful for a little change, a
galleon he sank. '
Frisked all the passengers and ' crew
and made them walk the plank.
A risky course of action which with
perils dark was fraught;
For well he knew that he would hang
in case that he was caught.
Today a pirate does not prey, as preys
the thieving eagle.
He corners all the food supply, which
makes his profits legal.
In Jesse James' lusty prime the way to
get rich quick
Was for a gang of thugs to wait along
a western crick.
And when the stage came rolling past,
to shoot all hands at sight.
Blow up the safe, abstract the cash and
take to rapid flight.
One had to be a nervy man to be a first
class crook.
Jess Willard never took the chance
that earlier Jesse took.
X bandit does not ply today a hazard
ous career.
It's safer and more lucrative to be a
profiteer.
You must hand it to the bandit, for he
had but little scope.
And the pirate had to gyrate very often
on a rope.
After looting came the shooting, and a
lively running fight.
They were certain to get hurt in. if the
sheriff got them right.
If they blundered as they plundered.
loud the lean six shooter banged.
Or they strung em up and swung 'era;
and it's painful to be hanged.
If James and Kidd were here today
they'd both find safe careers
And make ten times as much apiece
by being profiteers!
Interesting, Isn't Itf
"Beef and lamb are plentiful," says a
meat producer's advertisement. So are
diamonds.
Boom in the. Labor Supply.
With so many kings and princes in
England the watch and cheese factories
ought never again to be short handed.
Keep It Quirt.
Olive oil is becoming a popular bev
erage now, but the olive growers are
hoping the prohibitionists won't find it
out.
(Oonyriirhl. 1!M!. by Bell .Syndicate. Inc.)
The Anonymous Writer.
By Grace K. Hall.
They play the coward's role, the cra
ven's part.
Afraid to stand before men in the
light;
Like foul assassins striking at the
.heart.
When darkness hides their crime
, conceals their flight;
With small, pinched souls that no real
virtue know, '
They play a blackguard's trade Br
leave a sign.
To tell who struck the unexpected blor.
They do their dastard tricks
skilled and fine!
The blatant voice of gossip is less
. cursed
By honest men who champion fair
play.
Than1 those whose plans in secrecy are
nursed
And nurtured in the usual criminal
way; .
The gossip wags his way to obscure
level.
LTnheeded by the ones he would mo
lest. While those who write "incog" rouse
every devil
Of anger that may dwell in human
breast!
The hangman's noose.the guillotine or
rack
Should be the fate of those whose
mean, warped minds
Conceive the mode' of striking in the
back.
And through such course find pleas-
' ure undefined;
Like other perverts void of normal
brain.
They seek by stealth the object of
their spleen.
Attempt by putrid methods some small
gain.
Then cover every track lest they be
seen !
Requirements of Student Anrae.
ALBANY. Or.. Aug. 5. (To the Ed
itor.) Please state the requirements
of a girl wishing to go into training at
either of the two Portland graduating
hospitals. READER.
Minimum requirements for entering
Good Samaritan hospital training school
for nurses art high school education,
certificate of good moral character
from minister, health certificate from
physician and age of at least 21 years.
St. Vincent's training school requires
generally a high school education, al
though sometimes it accepts student
nurses with only two years' high school:
certificate of good moral character
from one's pastor or other worthy per
son not a physician or relative, and a
health certificate especially showing
that the candidate has been vaccinated
and has healthy tonsils.
Full particulars can be secured by
writing to the superintendent of the
nurses 'training schol at either hospital.