8
THE 3IORXIXG OREGOXIAX,-. MONDAY, JULT 21, 1919.
ESTABLISHED BY HESBT I PITTOtK.
Published by The Oregonlan Publishing Co..
135 Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon.
C. A. XOKDEX, . E. B. PIPER.
Manager. Editor.
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THE COLrMBIA BASIN'S CASE.
That the people of Portland and of
the entire Columbia river basin should
clearly understand what is at issue in
the Columbia basin rate case is of
vital importance. The hearing which
begins today may and probably will
be only the opening of a long contro
versy. In order that the. people of this
community may be prepared" to go j
through to the end, there must be no
confusion of thought aa to what thej
contend for, or that their contention
is inherently just and is well worth
the fight.
The term "rate case," which is com
monly applied to the pending suit be
fore the interstate commerce com- i
mission, tends to mislead by creating
the impression that it merely involves
a reduction of rates from one group
of towns to another group. It brings
before the mind a vision of tomes of
railroad tariffs filled with bewildering
columns of figures, and the average
citizen is disposed to say that he can
not get excited about such a complex
affair; that it is a matter for traffic
experts, not for him, to puzzle out.
That is precisely the frame of mind
which the men opposed to the claim
of the Columbia river basin wish to
cultivate, simply because it obscures
and hides the deep, sound, underlying
principles upon which that claim is
founded. .
An effort is made by the ports of
Portland and Vancouver, the commu
nities of the inland empire and the
Oregon public service commission to
establish a system of rate-making
founded on just principles of public
policy in place of the practices of
railroad policy which are founded on
no principle except profit to each par
ticular railroad, and which are only
modified, not abrogated, by rulings of
the interstate commerce commission.
It is only necessary to define the
workings of this railroad policy in
order to condemn it in the opinion of
open-minded men. In order to main
lain competition without rate-cutting,
the railroads which cross the moun
tains to Fuget sound agreed with
those which follow the Columbia river
upon equality of rates between the
J'uget sound ports and Portland, it
did not matter to them that the dis
tance to Portland was shorter and on
a water grade, while that to the
sound was longer and over the
mountains. They based the rates on
tiie cost of the mountain haul, and
charged them also on the water-grade
railroad. The latter road was thus
rewarded for its complaisance by an
extra profit equivalent to the extra
cost of the haul over mountains which
were not there and over miles which
iid not exist. It was even able tc
iiaul traffic an additional ISO miles
past Portland to the sound at the samo
r.ites as to Portland.
Thus it is that Pendleton pays the
same rate for a haul of 2 1 S miles over
the O.-W. rt. Ss X down the river to
Portland as for a haul of 306 milcr
over the Northern Pacific to Seattle;
YValla Walla pays the same rate for
-M miles over the O.-W. It. t .M. to
Portland as for 2!)S miles over the
O.-W. 11. & N. and the Northern Pacific
ia North Yakima to Seattle; I.ewiston
tays the same rate lor 35G miles ovei
the O.-W. It. & N. to Portland as foi
H'.'O miles over the Northern Pacific
to Seattle. In each case the cost ol
the mountain grade is added to that
of the longer haul to Seattle, and is
paid for the haul to Portland as well
as for that to Seattle. Finding this
practice established, the interstate
commerce commission went a long step
tanner and ordered that traffi-j
hauled through Portland to Astoria,
10 0 miles beyond, at the same rates:
as to Portland. That practice was in
accord with the general practice b
which a longer, inferior line was per
mitted to charge in some cases a lowei
rate than the shorter, superior line?
between points at which they compete
These practices can be defended on
no principle -of justice, and they con
form to no system. Tliry survive from
the time when the railroads were re
garded as private property to be oper
ated by their owners as they pleased
for their own profit. The duty of
public service was almost forgotten,
ileuce it was that the advantages of
Portland by reason of its shorter dis
tance and water grade from the in
terior were ignored in rate-making,
while Puget sound retained all the
alleged advantages of a superior en
trance from the sea. Government
regulation was established for the pur
pose of bringing railroad practice into
conformity with the principles of jus
tice. Those principles dictate that
e ery community shall enjoy all the
advantages of its natural location, but
shall not be freed from any of the
disadvantages. That end can be at
tained by basing rates on the cost ol
service by the most direct and eco
nomical route, without regard to the
effect on some other route and some
other city. Those principles underlie
the present pica for a readjustment of
rates by the entire community of the
Columbia river basin, for the entire
population using the Columbia river
route to the sea constitutes a single
community commercially.
When the government undertook
operation of the railroads at the begin
ning of 191. it adopted lite very prin
ciple, for which tlus community con
tends. Congress ordered that the
railroads be operated as one system,
nd the first order of Hirector-Oeneral
MrAiioo required that, in compliance
with that law, traffic be hauled over
the shortest and easiest lines. In testi
fying before'the senate committee on
January 3, 1918, he said:
One of the most wasteful practice In rail
road operation in the past has been th use
of circuitous . routes " in the handling of
freight traffic, often for competitive reasons.
General order No. 1 directed that every
thing possible be done to alter this con
dition. In order to economize in rolling
stock and motive, power, comprehensive
studies were undertaken for the purpose of
developing new routes which would not only
be shorter.- but more economical and ef
ficient. That is on of the reforms whicm.
lie said, "should prove of permanent
value and should continue, if possible,
whatever form of control is decided
on for the railroads." That reform
would not permit freight from the
inland empire to be hauled the longer
distance over the mountains to the
sound in preferenceTto. the shorter dis
tance to Portland, for the former haul
would use more motive power, fuel
and labor. It would, not permit goods
from Lewiston. for example, destined
for San Francisco to be hauled over
the longer, more costly route to Seattle
and then to make a sea voyage longer
by several hundred miles than that
from Portland.
When the railroad administration
has adopted, a policy directly in line
with' the .contention of the Columbia
river basin, it would not be consistent
for 'its officials to appear in force at
the hearing- to support by their testi
mony and arguments the past prac
tices of the railroads and the present
adjustment of rates. That course can
only be dictated by expectation thai
they will again be employed by the
railroads when restored to their owners
and that the old, uneconomic practices
which the government has condemned
and abandoned will be resumed.
It should be plain from the facts
and principles which have been ex
plained and from the forces arrayed
in opposition that the people of Port
land and of the Columbia river basin
are contending for what Is justly theirs.
and that it is well worth the struggle
or such strenuous efforts would not be
made to withhold it.
FTBST OF THE FLOCK.
The contract for four steel steamers
which has been given by the Scandi
navian party of business men to the
Albina yard is the first to be closed
in Portland since the -shipping board
lifted the embargo on foreign con
tracts. It is the substantial fruit of
the journey which J. Fred Larson
made to Scandinavia, as are the large
purchases of Oregon products which
are being made, ahd as will be the
regular steamship line to be estab
lished. There is no reason to doubt that
this contract will prove the first of
many. British shipbuilders and ship
owners, who at first thought the
American shipbuilding industry and
merchant marine to be artificial prod
ucts of the war, have revised their
opinions and now view the United
States as a serious competitor. They
are unable to produce steel as cheaply
as Americans do, and their workmen
have become more exacting and Jess
efficient than Americans, resuming
their pre-war practices.
The real demand for ships will begin
to be felt when trade is resumed with
out restriction, which must be pre
ceded by reorganization of interna
tional finance. Then cargoes will
demand space In daily increasing total,
and the extent of the deficiency of
tonnage will be realized.
UXrOODED COMPLAINT.
After passing through Portland look o'tt
for the small towns. Most of them a.-e
speed traps. Oregon has no law which gov
erns them. The towns make their own
laws, and in some the rate of speed Is set
as low as eight miles. A Justice of the
peace and motorcycle cop do the rest. If
you can manage to make your trip during
haying time you may get through these
towns without paying a fine. Kirst you come
to towns whre the spvfd limit is twelve
miles, and the chances are that you are
hooked. Then you come to towns where the
limit is eight miles, "and the signs hid in
the brush. Naturally you think that twelve
miies is the limit and you crawl through
the eight-mile town at that rate, only to
be hooked again.
If the state of Oregon does not want to
continue to be a party of this petty graft it
will pass a law, as have nearly all stares,
setting the Fpeed limits for incorporated
towns. Seattle Argus.
Possibly the conditions recited pre
vailed in the past, . and possibly, too,
some! village officials, in pride of au
thority, now go beyond legal bounds.
So it is well that the traveler be again
informed of his rights and liabilities
under the law of Oregon.
The state law permits in general a
maximum speed on highways of thirty
miles an hour. - Municipalities may
further limit this maximum within
their confines, but not to less than ten
miles an hour.
But municipalities may thus fix a
speed limitation only on condition that
conspicuous signs stating the maximum
rate are posted on each 'main street,
road or highway where the boundary
of the municipality crosses the same.
The posting of conspicuous speed
signs at town and city boundaries is
not a directory provision of the law,
but a condition upon which munici
palities may regulate the speed of
vehicles. Speed ordinances cannot be
legally enforced unless the condition
is complied with, and there are no
eight-mile towns in Oregon.
SIMMER WEATHER.
Kverybody, said Mark Twain, com
plains of the weather but nobody ever
does anything about it. It is the com
mon failing of humanity thoughtlessly
to consider its personal comfort first,
in disregard of the benefits which may
result from a warm spell which ripens
the crops, or a rainy season which fills
the natural reservoirs or a cold snap
which is supposed to make away with
next season's orchard and garden
pests. And there is also on the side
of the occasional weather excess the
testimony of Dr. Kllswortb. Huntington
of Yale that monotony of temperature
and humidity are not good for civiliza
tion, that man progresses most where
there is a variety of climate. Has it
not been disclosed that because of this
very fact the Pacific coast is destined
to become the craale of a new and
vastly superior race?
We never get enough really hot
weather to become accustomed to it
The high record for the district is only
10- degrees, and this has been attained
only twice since weather records have
been made. We do not have man
days in the upper nineties, and these
do not come in long series: Ever)
three or four deiys the weather changes
Grateful breezes blow from the sea
and ameliorate our condition. We can
always sleep at night. We know noth
ing of the comparative miseries of ou
Mississippi valley friends who are
forced to suffer long weeks of dread
ful day-and-night humidity in order
that a bumper corn crop may be
"made."
Ou the exceptional warm day in
Oregon the perspiring citizen is apt to
believe himself singled out among
mortals for especial physical and
spiritual discipline. But it is not so.
In all the wide country over there i
ho better climate than he enjoys, tak
lng one day with another. The records
prove it. and there is ample confirma
tory testimony from those who have
dwelt in many places and would not
leave Oregon to go back to them even
if they could.
There are, meanwhile, a few rules
to observe which will make hot weather
more tolerable. Light clothing sug
gests itself, and moderate eating is de
sirable, as well as economical. But the
greatest panacea of them all is calm
ness of the spirit. It is the season
when the Don't Worry clubs can do
their perfect work. For those who
refuse to fuss about the weather the
battle is already more than half won.
sPEcruinos on vmxrES.
If The Oregonian were not men
tioned so kindly In the Oregon Voter's
summing up of the reasons for Ore
gon's rank as the first volunteer state
it would not feel free to point out a
fact or two overlooked by the Voter
in giving so much credit to newspaper
patriotism.
The Voter's observations are given
in full in another column. Briefly, it
holds that the record was not due to
our small percentage of aliens, for
some states with large proportions of
foreign-born residents were close com
petitors. It was not due to our high
percentage of literacy because two
states with higher percentages were
far down the list. It was not due to
climate and beautiful natural sur
roundings because two bleak states
were next to Oregon. Rather, Oregon's
rush to the colors was due to an ab
sence of Hearstism, to a patriotic
press, a well-organized national guard
and the inspiring leadership of Gov
ernor Withycombe.
As regards the press, it may be
added that Rhode Island, which stands
third, is the home of the Providence
Journal, a newspaper that gained nation-wide
attention by its flaming
patriotism and its exposure of German
intrigues. But alas for speculation,
Massachusetts, standing second, has a
Hearst paper in Boston, while Cali
fornia, fourth from the top, has two
of them.
But exceptions are sometimes unim
portant. One might argue that cour
age never gets a soldier a commission
because countless brave boys never
rose from the .ranks. Similarly, one
might argue that resourcefulness never
obtained advancement for him because
many resourceful men returned plain
doughboys. Or that qualities of lead
ership were no advantage because
many around whom their fellows
flocked never got into leather leggings.
But the soldier who displayed courage
and resourcefulness and qualities of
leadership and application and moral
character not one, but all of them
did not stay plain private as a rule.
May not Oregon's place have been
attained because it possessed many,
if not all, of the factors that create
virile citizenship, including a patriotic
press.
THE SPRUCE FRODCCTIOX INQUIRY.
When the congressional committee
comes to the Pacific coast to investi
gate spruce production, it will see on
the ground what was done and why it
was done, and will be able to form its
conclusions as to what proportion of
the waste was the inevitable conse
quence of the haste of war and what
proportion was due to incompetence
and downright graft. That there were
some of each of these evils It would be
useless to deny, and it will devolve on
the committee to discover how much
and to place the resr onsibllity.
But no just conclusion can bo reached
on the Atlantic coast, among men the
majority of whom never saw a spruce
tree or a sawmill nor can understand
why things are done as they are. Hav
ing heard of logs eighty or ninety feet
ong, they do not realize that an air
plane spruce mill need be built only
for twenty-six-foot logs. Building a
railroad which is offered for sale be
fore it is ever used sounds like prodi
gal waste, but everybody, including
the president, expected the war to last
a year longer. If it had, that railroad
would have paid for itself in the serv-
ce it would have done by bringing out
spruce for those airplanes which were
to have finished the German array and
terrified Berlin this year. The fact that
neither it nor the sawmill were used
is one of the wastes for which we
found abundant compensation in the
saving of life and of other expenditures.
There are many things in connection
with airplane spruce which can be in
vestigated on the Atlantic coast to ad
vantage. Why did the administration
permit the whole summer of 1917 to
pass without doing anything to cope
with the seditious strike of the I. W. W-.
which paralyzed the lumber industry?
Why did it do nothing to speed up
production until we had been at war
six months, though allied airmen were
coming here and begging us to get out
the spruce? Why were not the ex
perienced lumbermen of the Pacific
northwest kept at home to get out
spruce instead of being sent to France
in the first months of the war, to be
replaced by men from all parts of the
country, many of whom knew nothing
about lumber? While the committee
is looking for wrongdoing on the
Pacific coast, let it not overlook evi
dence of rank stupidity in the war
department, especially at its head.
Oregon and Washington are proud
of the record which they made in
producing spruce for the war. If any
man has smirched that record in any
way, they are anxious to have him
sought out and punished.
EXTENSION EDUCATION.
Growth of the university extension
movement, which does not include
purely correspondence classes, or Sum
mer schools, and which is in addition
to the many activities of the Chau
tauquas at this season of year, is indi
cated by a recent bulletin issued by
the University Extension association,
in which it is shown that 119.000 per
sons are now reached by means of
these classes. The number is not
large by comparison with the popula
tion, but it represents a beginning.
Extension work is comparatively new.
It has been defined as "an effort to
give to the 99 per cent of the people
not in college some of the advantages
enjoyed by the one-half of 1 per cent
who are able to attend the campus
classes." If, it says in effect, you
cannot come to the university, the
university will go to you. The policy.
would seem to be vindicated by ex
perience in the case of agricultural
extension courses, which undoubtedly
have made better farmers, by the re
sults of greater liberality of policy on
the part of public librarians, and by
the unprecedented growth of private
correspondence schools within a gen
eration. Inevitably the college extension will
be more widely employed as it be
comes better known. Higher educa
tion has so insinuated itself into the
desires of the people that it is not
likely much longer to be denies to
any. It is no mere college propa
ganda, for example, that has pointed
out the relatively greater success 'of
college-trained men in attaining pro
motion during the war. The Univer
sity of Oregon extension Monitor
quotes with reserve the statement
that 85 per cent of all the officers in
the new American army were univer
sity men, but certain confirmatory de
tails are not lacking. It has been
determined, for example, that in tho
first cantonment at Camp Taylor there
were 25,000 men, of whom 23.600 had
taken no college training, while 1500
had done so. At the end of the first
three months' period,' men who had
shown especial aptitude were recom
mended for officers. -Of the 2 3.600
who had had no college experience,
800 qualified: of the 1500 who had
attended, 1200 met the requirements.
The showing in Javor of college edu
cation it being conceded that no
undue influence was at work was
Impressive enough to create general
desire for education. Our demobilized
army will be more insistent than ever
on educational opportunities.
The Monitor describes extension
class teaching as a cross between the
usual college classroom instruction
and correspondence study, with a pre
ponderance of characteristics in favor
of the college class. There is no spe
cial type of person making up the
enrollment' in such classes, "unless a
common characteristic is to be found
in the earnestness with which the
students work." They do, indeed, rep
resent almost every vocation. "There
may be a few chronic lecture goers
who attend the classes because they
have acquired the habit of attending
everything that comes along," but
these no more impair the general
principle than a few reading room
loafers vitiate the good of the public
library. It is not commonly known,
for example, that it is now possible
in states such as Oregon for tho stu
dent to obtain by extension work,
which need not interfere with his
everyday duties, half of the credits
necessary to a university degree.
Granting of residence credits in itself
proves the efficacy of extension class
work. Its importance will be realized
especially by those who have been
thereby enabled to complete college
courses that have been interrupted for
many years. It is likely to come more
and more Into play wlth'the return of
college men from the front. It helps
to answer the problem of the soldier
who is divided between tho necessity
of earning his living and the desire to
finish the education he had begun
when he was called to war.
The nation-wide college campus is
an ambitious scheme. Yet it is the
one satisfying answer, perhaps, to the
increasing question whether there Is
a definite limitation upon the ago
when it Is profitable to go to school.
The university extension movement
was inaugurated in its present form
only about fifteen years ago. It has
been said that it is now reaching nearly
120,000 students. But In its various
phases it Is accomplishing a much
greater work. The number reached
last year through semi-popular lec
tures is estimated at 2.026,330, with
an addition of 5, 653.31 who received
greater or less benefit from educa
tional motion pictures and stereoptl
con lantern slides, 93G.55J through
outlines, bibliographies and pamphlets
used in debates and discussions, 30S.
606 through Institutions and confer
ences and 1,265.265 through bulletins
and circulars. Making duo allowance
for duplications in the foregoing and
for persons who may have felt only a
passing interest In the deeper pur
poses of education. It will be seen that
the work as a whole has been con
siderable. The slogan, "Learn more, earn
more," is not as materialistic as It
sounds. The desire to train for better
positions at increased salaries Is worth
fostering. It does rin deny the cul
tural value of education, but Indicates
a tendency to obtain greater emolu
ment by giving better service In return
which is the reverse of bolshevism.
If studies are largely vocational, this
Is due to the source from which de
mands are made. There Is, in fact, a
wide range of choice. Promise that
the federal board for vocational edu
cation will utilize to the fullest pos
sible extent the resources of the uni
versities of the country in the rehabili
tation and re-education of soldiers,
sailors and marines is filled with pos
sibilities. Tho most significant phase
nf the movement, however, is its
growth among adults who have taken
advantage of its benefits practically
without solicitation. Once the appetite
for education has been created, a way
will be found for appeasing it.
One evidence that President Wilson
wants something which ho cannot
easily get is that he is willing to hear
other men talk. Hitherto the common
counsel has been very one-sided, con
sisting of his telling the other man
what to do.
There is just enough "kick" in silage
to make the stock enjoy it, and. per
haps, in the dim future, some scientist
may discover a way of putting a human
side to it for relief of man grown wary
of drinks soft and sweet.
As prohibition has surely caused
depreciation of the Pabst brewery
stock held by Germans, they may set
up a counter claim for damage due to
the ruthlessness of the drys.
The editor of the Seattle Argus,
returned from the grand tour, says
Washington did not change much dur
ing. Wilson's absence. Of courso.no'..
Kept the chanc-e. as' usual,
a
It would bo interesting to learn 11
those officers alleged to have beaten
brutally enlisted men In France were
West Pointers, national guard or na
tional army men.
Pabst brewery stock owned by
enemy aliens cannot have much value,
but bonds and like securities may
bring fair prices when sold at auction
ty the custodian.
Tho old Adam perhaps It would be
tetter to say Noah iu man arouses
perceptibly when the car runs by a
vinegar factory in the scenty mora.
This must be the time of year best
to buy diamonds, though nobody
knows why except that possibly he
has more money on hand.
Do you realize the cool drink you
sweeten with much sugar has a heat
kick in it?
Bryan's tour of Oregon Is not trium
phal in any sense, but the welcome is
hearty.
Somebody will make brer or 1-ane
county hops would not bring 50 cents.
The Rev. Billy must bo included in
the hot Sundays.
Hello, girls! How's work?
Those Who Come and Go.
By the time the new Haynes car that
Harry Bennett. Salt Lake auto dealer,
is driving ovfr the roughest, roads in
the west, completes Its 36n0-mlle cir
cuit. Its producers are quite sure thev'll
be able to Judge how much wear and
tear It win stand. Mr. Bennett.- who
breezed into the Perkins yesterday.
ays the worst feature of the test is
that the car Is standing it better than
he is. "You can Just bet this Is no
pleasure trie for me," he declared. "Be
tween tho hot weather and bad roads
it s anything but that. A stranger who
don't know- southern Oregon routes Is
taking hlg chances if he Insists on
driving; fast. I had several close shaves
with fellows like that on the edc of
canyons." Mr. Bennett drove through
Nevada, where he says crops are look
ing unusually good for that state. He
came up through California and left
last nlirht for Tacoma, Spokane and
Missoula. The worst stretch of road
he has struck so far Is between Weed.
Cal., and Portland.
''Hands up." whispered the burglar
and Kdward W. Coles of Haines, who Is
not very tall, looked so earnestly Into
the mouth of a revolver that he stood
on his tiptoes and elevated his arms to
such a height that the highway man
had to stop him with. "Here. here, not
so high or people will see your hands
rom the afreet." That happened not
so very many weeks ago in the bank
"r In the Eastern Oregon town. Mr.
Coles is at the Imperial with J. W.
.Maxwell and D. B. Warnaek. All of
tnem raise cattle and have brought In
a quantity of stock which they eipert
to dispose or this morning and carry
ujik a young tortune.
IVllhops at the Benson yesterday
feafted their eyes upon a procession of
would-be motion picture oueen. who
at about 10-mlnute Intervals came In
to deposit their photographs with Wal
lace iceid s publicity man. C M. Hill
All day a stack of carefully wrapped
Pictures fif every type of feminine
beauty Imaginable stood at a corner of
the desk, gradually increasing? In pro
portions until several hundred had
come In. Down at the Multnomah
where the star himself was enjoying
life, the clerks acted aa heralds for
those who desired to give him a first
nana glimpse or their charms.
i i unnno not, - is me ad
monition of W. H. Norton. Portland
"""""" man wno makes the Multno
mah hi headnu.rtsr. Vr - -v- , ...J.
rerurned from a month's tour In Cll-
i-rnia ami when he left Red Bluffs the
thermometer at(tot -r i.a w -
o clock In the morning. While In Kan
i-rancisco he saw the former proprietor
Of the IlirhtAn I i , V. i .
city that bear the sameisme. who he
" na ifn or the Odeon, a fa
mous restaurant and cafe.
People on the Pnclf(r roast who
never heard nf Frank Waterhouse of
rc generally considered by ho
f"l cUrks as lacking In education. Mr
Waterhouse la a capitalist and among
me iew lines or business he la n
gaared in are bnnklng. shlpbuiMlnar and
general Insurance. Likewise he is the
father Of M. Waterhouse of the same
cny. wno dropped into the Multnomah
y esicruay on a Drier visit.
Anout 2n years ago rr. R. F.-Newell
neBan practicing medicine In Kpokan
...... -iT-n m n ever since. ne
has Just stolen a few days away.from
his patients and visited Portland on
Ms way to the coast. Dr. Newell Is at
the ImnaH.I
Mnupln Is a town out In the middle
or tne ucsrhtites valley where the pop.
illation consists chleflv of stockmen
It Is also the town that Sir. and Mra.
V. D. Ptuart, who are staying at the
imperial, came irom.
The Multnomah will be without Its
manager. A. B. Campbell, for the next
two weeks Mr. and Mr. Camnhei
left Paturdny night for Seattle and
Lake Washington, where they will pass
iticir vacation.
Bdward P. Tucker, who h K
looking af:er the northwestern busi
ness for a San Francisco house the
past three years, with headquarters at
the Portlind hotel, has joined the Wur-
litier people of Chicago as genera
manager of their branch office at Se
attle. The Benson's chef. Henry Thiele. Is
cisiminjt some or the credit for the re
covery of Miss Ruth Hnndley of As
toria from a serious operation. All of
the time she was In the hospital the
cner aaiiy sent her a trav of dainties
Miss Handley has just teturned to her
nome.
B. C. Cnrrlngton. who has a store
Astoria where he sells gas engines to
iiriiriinrii inpjr can pro out over
the bar. retrlstored at the Imnerial
yesterdny. Mrs. Carrincton made the
trip to Portland with him.
With two of his children. Alberta and
Robert. R. MeMurphey made a trip
from Eugene yesterday and registered
at the Imperial. Mrs. MeMurphey has
been active in state Eastern Star circles
for many years.
Two visitors from the cattle country
et the Multnomah are Mr. and Mrs.
E. L. Ashhv of Prlnevllle. The latter
Is a dr.uehter of Ex-Congressman J. N.
Williamson.
Mrs. S. M. Woodward and Miss Eliza
beth Woodward, who passed the nlarht
at the Benson, are from Hamburg
Hamburg. Jows. They are making a
tour of the west
R. B. Porter and John r. Porter of
Spokane are staying at the Multnomah
while looking over their shipbuilding
and hotel Interests In this city. Thev
are Interested In the Grant Smith
Porter company.
Boyd Mendenhal. manaser of Hal -tom's
dry goods store at Tillamook. Is
at the Oregon. He has Just returned
from a trip to San Francisco.
Mr. and Mrs. D. A. Rice of Seattle
passed . yesterday at the Imperial. Mr.
Klce engages In the hardware business.
George H. Sharp, wool buyer for a
Boston firm, who has been at the Port
lard recently, returned yesterday from
a trip to Hood River.
Three men who braved rough roads
from Colfax. Wash., drove up to the
Perkins yesterday. They were L. E.
Greer, M. 1. Greer and M. Greer.
c. n. Southwlrk is a Yacolt tirrber
man to be found at t h Perkins. He Is
connected with the Murphy Lumber
company.
P. 1C Thomas, auditor of one of the
C&iifornia state departments. Is at the
Multnomah while here from San Fran
cisco on business.
Albert O. Peer of Seattle was at the
Benson yesterday. He brought his ma
chine along with him from Pugct
bound.
Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Lilly- of Atchison.
Kan., registered at the Seward Satur
day. They passed the week-end on the
Columbia highway.
C. H. Welder of Albany spent yeater
day in Portland, stopping at the Se
ward. W. K. Purdy, Salem real estate
dealer, was at the Oregon over the
week-end.
A Kelso. Wah., visitor at the Ore
gon Is F. I j- Stewart, who runs a bank
in that town.
C. W. McKean. proprietor of a men's
furnlshlnsrs establishment in Walla
Walla, is at the Oregon.
j More Truth Than Poetry. I
J By Jaaaea J. Moatasrme- 1 1
THE FIRST CRADLE.
When little babies lived in caves, their
toys were bits of bone
And all the cradles that they had were
solid blocks of stone.
And oftentimes the stone was hard, and
people passing by
Would hear the babies move about, and
bump their heads and cry.
But when their mothers scolded them
and told them to be good
The babies Just put up with it the very
best they could.
One day a wise cave mother, with her
baby on her knees:
Sat watching two bright orioles that
flashed about the trees.
She saw them rushing to and to and
oarting nere and there
With bits of sticks and wisps of straw
and pterj dactyl hair.
And presently beneath a branch she
saw a swinging nest
Where soon the little orioles would
sway and rockand rest!
For days she thought about the birds.
and how with tender care
They made their babies soft and snug.
up yonder In the air.
And then she made long ropes of yarn
the way she'd seen them do.
And presently she had a nest to hold
her baby, too
A nest all lined with gosling down, and
warm, and sort, and deep.
And that same right her baby had his
first sweet, dreamless sleep.
You'll often see the orioles that pass on
whirrlnic winir
And If you'll follow them you'll find
Just where the cradles swing, i
Way up upon the topmost boughs'
where everv wind that Mows 1
Will lull the baby orioles to beautiful
repose.
And when you hear their evening song;
that a like a sliver bell
Tou ought to thank them very much,
because you sleep so well!
Bulla and Bulla.
A South African bull recently brought
IU.600. The Irish variety are sold to
the comic papers t about 10 cents a
line.
Off t.ronlnx Imitortaaee.
One swallow doesn't make a spring,
but nowadays It constitutes a danrer-
ous offense against the statutes in such
cases made and provided.
WT Be Kxcluslref
It Is our belief that the allies onpht
to accept the offera of all the hlehly
placed Germans who want to be tried
Instead of the kaiser and try them
immediately after the kaiser's convic
tion. CAl'E OF ENMs-TMFNT RF.CORO
Trees aad t.orrrnor Chief Factors la
Pntttas; Oregon First.
Oregon Voter.
"Are Oregonla ns fundamentally more
patriotic than others?" asks the Ore
gonlan in seeking an explanation of
Oregon's matchless war record In con
tributing proportionately more volun
teers than any other state. It would
be unfair to assume that such Is the
case, although the record might Justify
the assumption.
"Was It because there Is a small per
centair of aliens In the stater' Hardly,
because 30 states have a smaller pro
portion of foreign-born population than
has Oregon, and some of the states with
heavy proportion of foreign-born popu
lation were close competitors of Oregon
in percentage of volunteers.
"Was it due to the high percentage of
literacy?" Hardly, for the two stales
with higher literacy perrentaEea than
Oregon were far down the list In con
tributing volunteers, while Oregon's
closest competitors were states with
considerable percentasrea of Illiteracy.
"Was it because the sheer charm of
existence In Oregon inspires a deeper
conviction that this Is a country worth
fighting for?" This really might explain
a lot, ns Washington with equal cli
matic blessinus, was near the top In the
volunteer I1.-.1 and sunny California
waa above W a s h I n a t o n . but bleak
Massachusetts and Rhode Island were
higher than either and next to Oregon.
We do not believe the reason for Ore
gon s record is to be found in climate,
scenery, parentage, blood, un Inborn
Americanism or school education, much
as Oregon has to be proud of in all
these. Rather, was It not in part due
to the daily- presentation of the great
issues of the day by an unusually pa
triotic press throughout the state? In
Its press, Oregon Is singularly fortunate
compared with other states. While in
Portland, the Journal waa alow to dls
cover or present the deep issues in
volved, it was never so bad as the
Hearst press, which covered California.
the Mississippi Valley and the Atlantic
seaboard with Its vile pro-Germanism
after as well as before the war. The
press of the south was partisan and
paciflttie because it was partisan.
Meanwhile the Oregonian was second to
no newspaper in the entire country in
sensing the possibilities even as soon as
the shot was fired In Serbia. Its out
standing, sturdy Americanism char
acterized by thoughtf ulness and a sense
of responsibility, was a powerful factor
In shuplns; public opinion and arousing
patriotism. The press of the outside
state was quick In Its perceptions and
with few exceptions showed early pa
triotic leadership.
Then Oregon had a well-organized
national guard, with traditions worthy
of honor. CJovernor James Withycombe
was an Inspiring leader In mobilizing
the national guard and stirring patri
otic sentiment- His robust American
Ism was a factor even though he was a
native of England. Memories of the
battleship Oregon probably had their
Influence In stimulating naval enlist
ments. THE LIGHT THAT NF.VF.R FAILS.
Wearied and tired and alone,
1 knelt in a pew one day.
The light of the candle shone.
The altar draped In gray.
I felt the weight of my sins.
That on my soul heavily lay.
When the lights elowly dimmed
And gradually died away.
I prayed looking up for release.
As a troubled one would pray.
That the anguish of mind would cease.
I was seeking the better way.
When suddenly, at the organ's pause.
Through the old church window pane
A glorious light from heaven falls.
Like sunbeams through the rain.
'Tw-as the heavenly light of God.
That shines. O! everywhere.
CIvltiK life and beauty to the pods
of flowers on the altar there.
When the cross Is heavy and wronrs
Bring the teardrops 10 me and mine.
And the clouds are dark end longr.
I know thit the light still shines.
The light of the world from above
Through the old church window pane
Brought Joy and peace and love.
As the choir sang softly Amen
SAM SIMMONS.
serv!c-e Huftoa Award.
PUAIR1K CITY. Or.. July 19. t To the
Kdltor.I Seeing the articles In The
oirgonlasf about the S. A. T. C. mem
bers not being given service buttons. I
would like to know Juet what they arc
and how obtained. Am 1 entitled to
one? I saw- service with the lth divi
sion but did not get overseas
MX -SOLDI KR.
All men who were actually In the
service receive a bronze service button,
and you may obtain one by applying to
the army recruiting office, Worcester
building, Portland.
In Other Day.
Twrnfy-nve Y ran iiw
From The. Oreaonlaa of July 21. 1S94
San Francisco. It la rumored here
that negotiations have been started
which are expected to end the South
ern Pacific strike by Moruiay.
Ex-Deputy Postmaster A. A. Frank
lin died at his residence on the east
side yesterday, aga 68.
P.ev. Henry M. Field of New York.
brother of the late Cyrus W. Field, ar
rived here yesterday from Alaska.
Of the 2S0 who started for the ascent
of Mount Hood today, about 160 reached
the summit. Pickwick, a young earner
pigeon, arrived- yesterday with a mes
sage from the Maxamas at Government
Camp.
Fifty Years A art.
From The Oreronlmn of July ri.
Mark Twain is expected to reach the
Pacific coast in about two weeks.
B. Herman is authority for the state
ment that the survey on the Rosehurff
Coos bay road is being pushed rapidl
ahead, but says no definite route ha -been
selected.
The state teachers association wr.! 1
hold its annual convention at Salem,
beginning July 27. and lasting four
day s.
The ladles of the First rresbyteria i
church will ho'd a fair and sociable
this evening in the basement of the
church.
"Even as You and I."
Kj t.rare K. Hall.
The world Is full of malcontents. t"
w-ant to cbarc the rls.ti
Of everybody, everything, in every w
they ca n ;
There's quite enough repair work. If .
Ilfcten to their plea.
To lufep mankind employed, high-sp-e-i.
throughout eternity;
But when they're closely questiored as
to chances they would brinr.
They really haven't reached thai po:n:
nor figured out a thing!
The world abounds In malcontents, wl-
voice the direful err
That In another "atmosphere" their
tears would quickly drv:
That, were their lot "cor. rental" they
would glow with loving pride.
And make an earthly heaven of their
humble fireside:
But though. In desperation, all their
mlhery they flaunt.
Not one I've met has ever yet knots n
what It is they want!
No use to charge to outsli!e facts your
mudiled mental state.
Tou own tl.e apparatus and its yours t"
operate ;
Another place perhaps might prove
more pleasant that is true.
But you'd cloud it Just as surely If the
same thourhta went with you!
I find no fault with those who c!imh.
and true ambitions vaunt.
But ere you start look In your heart
and know Just what you want:
OCTII EMI BRIDr.E tVOILD HKLI'
Coagestloa Promoted by I.ocatloa of
Preaeat River Spaaa.
PORTLAND. July 19. To ihe Edi
tor.) There are four sld"s to a nv.
generally. Original Manhattan. New
York, was a triancle and had only thrc,
sides, or more exactly speaking, tvo
sides and one end. Portland, however,
has two sides and two ends. The two
sides the east side and the west side
are uppermost In our minds. The tvn
ends the north end and the south enn.
especially the south end are frequently
overio-jked.
The heart of the west side business
district Is served directly by one hrldce.
on Morrison street. North of Morrison
street bridge are three brldires all c hi
necling the west side of the city with
the north end of the ewst side. South
of Morrison street, one bridge only
connects the west side with the laree
(territorially and populously) south end
of the east side. A new brlnse south of
the Hawthorne bridge would not. 10 any
extent be an obstruction to river navi
gation, neither would it be on obstruc
tion to street navigation, such as would
another bridge or tunnel leading di
rectly into an already congested dis
trict. Why this mania to crowd rverythinc
Into the center of town? Are we still in
the villase stage with a "Main street"
running through the center of te-own.
b'gosh? On the contrary, we have a
large and growing city with two ends
to serve, as well as two sides and one
middle. The east side is extended now
towards the north and the Fouth to the
very limits of Mul'.no'nah county. Any
auto driver ttruck, delivery flagon, or
pleasure carl wtil tell you, If you ask
him. that a few blocks one way or the
other, is much preferable to winding
and twisting and haltina: and backing
and filling through consisted streets.
Well then, it would set in wie. In con
sidering plans for future tuunels or
bridges to bear in mind the several
other problems besides obstructions to
river navigation. For one. there is u.
crowded center of the west side, already
congested nearly- to the breaking point;
and for another, there Is the large and
growing south end of the east side, t
be adequately served.
EX-VILLAGER.
METRIC SYSTEM MOST PRACTICAL
Volume of Air SubXaare- Ia Obtained
- Kaaily Mara It la Applied.
.NEW YORK. July 14. (To the Edi
tor.) Tho letter printed in The Ore
gonlan June i in regard to the metric
system, from Mr. Klink. Is interesting
but does not ring true to form. Metric
welshts snd measures are especially
desisrncd for practical use. They are
designed on the decimal basis and all
reiated decimally to each other. For
Instance, one cuuhlc centimeter of wa
ter weighs one gram. li'OO cubic centi
meters of water weighs 100 grams, and
one cubic meter weights 1 metric ton.
That is. If you know- the specific grav
ity of any substance you know th
weight of a clvcn volume with the least
possible effort. Such advantages can
not be employed with any other tjn
tems of welgMs and measures.
The troy system la preferable to tb
avotrdupoi-. In tho troy system t
grains equal one ounce, and 12 ouncci
make one pound. In the avoirdupois
system 4 3 7 :- grains equal one avou -dupois
oiame. and IS ounces make a
pound. Wt-.erevrr grains are used It
is very often reressary to turn rrains
into ounces. This process is done hy
dividlng by 41? S. Kverybody a inilts
that the. Ueclnikl system Is preferable.
These who do not know the facts say:
-Why can you not use the decimal
system with the old weights and nie-s-ures?"
Let such good people endeavor
10 work out a few of the problems that
have to b worked out In the grocery
store or machine shop and they will
see that tie International metric
weicrhts and measures are best.
We not only desire to do our part in
helping to bring In the metric weights
and measures, but to have them
brought In in the best way for all
concerned.
HOWARD RICHARPS, JR..
Secretary American Metric Asn.
Soldiers' Mileage.
MT. SOlA. Wash.. July ir. (To tl,.
Kdltor.l Please let me know when- I
am to send for niy additional 1 'i cent
mileage due me for railroad fare on m -discharge
from the army. reccivt :
3 1 cents and I now- hear soldiers re
ceive i cents. - A. Ri:.DKR.
Take up the matter with the nearest
army recruiting office.
A