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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 23, 1919)
THIS MOIIMXG OREGOXIAN. ritlDAY, MAY 23, 1910. ' 4 It I ! , I il : i t t ti ? ! i t i : i ! i Jt i I ESTABLISHED BY HENRY L. PITTOC'K. Published by The Oregoman Publishing Co., 135 Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon. C. A. MORDENT, E. B. VIPER. lanagsr. Editor, The' OreKonian is a member of the Aaso eia.ted Press. The Associated. Pres is ex clusively entitled to tle use for publica tion of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper, and a Iso the local news published herein. AH rights of republication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Subscription rates Invariably In advance: (By Mall.) IaHy, Sunday Included, one year...... XJelly, Sunday included, six months. . . taily, Sunday Included, three months. "J.aily, Sunday included, one month.... Ia.ly. without Sunday, one year jiaily, without Sunday, six months. .. . !Daily. without Sunday, one month . . . "Weekly, one year Sunday, one year Sunday and weekly (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday Included, one year. . . . . Daily, Sunday Included, one month.... Daily. Sunday included, tl-.reo months. Daily, without Sunday, on year Daily, without Sunday, three months Daily, without Sunday, one month ... ..$8.00 .. 4.23 . . 2.25 .75 . . 6.011 . . 3.2.1 . . .) . . 1 'XI .. 2.r,0 .. 3.00 . .0.on 2'2S . . 7. SO .. l.5 . . .65 How to Remit Send postoftice money or der, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at own er's rink. Give postofflce address In lull, in cluding county and state. fontage Kates 12 to 16 pases. 1 cent: 18 to 311 pagas. -1 cents; 34 to 48 paKes. 3 cents: fiO to 60 pages: 4 cents: fiJ to 76 pages, o cents: 78 to !2 pages, 6 cents. Foreign post- age, double rates. Eastern Business Of fire Verree & Conk lln, Brunswick building. New York; Verree ft Conklin. Steger building, Chicago; Verree & C'onklln. Free Press building. Detroit. Mich.; San Francisco representative, R. J. Bldwell. HO CASE .FOB MUCKRAKING. An adventure in sensational journal Ism is made by the June Century ma gazine through publication of an ar ticle by Herbert Adams Gibbons which purports to reveal the secrets of, and literally muckrakes, the peace confer ence. The secrets are either no secrets at all or are unimportant, and the muckraking is in disregard of the her culean taslt which the peace confer ence hau to perform and of the im perative necessity of agreement among the allies, even at the cost of an occa sional compromise on principle. There is good ground for the very' prevalent opinion that the conference erred in first undertaking to organize a league of nations and in following that act by formulating peace terms, but there is something to be said on the other side. In the absence of a league, the way would have been open for irreconcilable differences among the allies and for Germany to form a new combination and to renew the war. The league scheme bound the allies together at the outset and con stituted a convenient place to deposit all knotty questions like those of the German colonies, waterways and fron tiers. Probably a general agreement to hold another conference in the near future and organize a league might have served the same purpose and ex pedited peace. Then there is a sweeping charge by the Century writer that the confer ence quickly forgot idealism and that all the nations put forward "pro grammes of territorial aggrandizement and economic advantages and sub mitted enormous indemnity bills," and that the annexations claimed were mostly at the expense of one another and ignored the principle of national ity. When nations have mingled on one another's frontiers or under for eign rule, there are naturally conflict ing claims, some of them founded on events in ancient times. Each nation would naturally claim the most to which it could show a shadow of title. knowing that it must in the end be satisfied with much less. It is a nice Question, for example, whether Italy or Jugo-Slavia has the better equit able right to Dalmatia. In such a case there must be compromise, with some regard to practical politics. The conference is accused of sacri ficing its ideals because it did not "champion the cause of Jugo-Slavs against Italy, of Irish against Great Britain, of Chinese and Coreans against Japan, ' of Germans and Ukranians against Poland." Mr. Gibbons overlooks the fact that the allies met to dispose of the territory of their enemies, not of each other, and to do so as far as practicable in accordance with their ideals. If questions like those to which Mr. Gibbons refers were to be considered, a plausible case might be made for handing over government of the United States to the Indians. The compromise reached is far from perfect, but it is a vast improvement on the condition which produced the war. A contrast is attempted between the treatment accorded to the Arabs of the Hedjaz. who were "received with open arms," and the Arabs of Egypt, who "were regarded as rebels to be shot down."- The Arabs of Hedjaz were subjects of Turkey, with which the allies were at war. and they re "belled and joined the allies. The Arabs of Egypt were the ruling race which oppressed the fellaheen before the British conquered them, and they started an insurrection against the British at the instigation of German and Turkish propagandists. If there should be any self-determination, the fellaheen, not the Arabs, should exer cise it, but they do not care who gov orns them so long as they are left at peace to cultivate their farms and are not overtaxed. To hand over Egypt to the Arabs would be to hand over the country to Germans and Turks, and the fellaheen to the grinding tax ation which prevailed under Mehemet AH. Whether the results of the peace conference so far have been good or bad depends on the mental viewpoint. 3f one approaches them with a jaun iiced eye, looking only for evil and all forms of greed behind a veil of lofty professions, he will find just that. If he approaches in cloud-walking expee tation that all nations have suddenly become scrupulously respectful of the rights of nationality, have become free from all greed for territory, power and indemnity, he will be sadly disen chanted. But if he goes expecting to find a body of well-meaning but fallible statesmen and diplomats who are trying to inject some idealism into international affairs, where idealism lias hitherto been conspicuously lack ing, and to settle numerous conflict ing claims as nearly as possible in con. formity with their ideal, at the same time to cage a beast which is the enemy of all ideals, he may think a few things might have been handled better Russia for example but he will admit that on the whole a hard job has so far been fairly well done. The world was not made in a day, and it will not be entirely re-made at this peace conference, but it will be materially improved. If the men who can see no good in anything and the men who refuse to believe there is any evil in anything, because they fondly imagine there is none in themselves and because evil is distasteful to them, will get back to earth, they will rec ognize the work of the conference for what it is. That is, like everything human, it is a compound of good and " evil. If then they will compare it with former treaties, they will realize how much good thera is in it, and they will give thanks that the world has made that much progress. PERSCADING A PRESIDENT. In the halcyon days of pitiless pub licity at the White House along about 1914 President Wilson graciously re ceived a delegation of earnest and be lieving women and discussed with them the interesting question of suf frage. Abstractly and academically, the president was sympathetic; but what could a mere president do when the platform on which he had been, elected had not even mentioned the women and the ballot? Obviously, the leader of his party, in the absence- of instructions, was helpless. The women were unkind enough to suspect that the president was adopt ing the vulgar expedient of dodging. One of them at the time, in the august presence, started in a most feminine way to speak her mind, and was sol emnly rebuked by the president. The democratic party boldly seized the knotty problem in 1916, and after weighty and fruitful consideration de cided that it was not a federal ques tion and deftly referred it to the re spective states. All the women would need to do was to get their rights from the states. Easy, quite easy in some states. Strange!)-, the women were not satis fied. Some of them began to picket the White House, and to banner con gress; and a few of them were thrown in dirty jails. But they' persevered. They even cbmmitted the awful sacri lege of publicly burning a speech by the president. It was a sin aganist literature. ' Somehow the president was per suaded to forgive them. There are some flippant and irreverentsouls who think and say that he was overawed by the truculent women who can prevail in a row with the ladies? and finally ran up the white flag. Of course, there must be some other rea son. It was doubtless that the presi dent had stood by his guns the plat form long enough to vindicate him self. Should a man, even a president. be forever of the same mind on any subject? He had seen the light. It may have been furnished by the little bonfire of his speeches. ' The president passed the word along to the recent congress to pass the suf frage amendment. It failed by a vote or two. The captain of the demo cratic team was doubtless much an noyed by so poor a display of team work. Now he sends a message to the new congress to ratify the amend ment. It is a republican congress, and the president is no republican. But the house promptly passes the bill by a large majority. The vote was 200 republicans and 102 demo crats for it; and 19 republicans and 70 democrats against it. The measure will now doubtless pass the senate. You may draw your own moral as to the effect of suffragette rough- house at the White House. A SUBJECT FOB MUTUAL REFLECTION. The members of the Portland Grade Teachers' association who, in no spirit of hostility toward the principle of trade unionism, hold that the question of affiliation with the .federation is one that calls for careful considera tion, indicate by their attitude that they apprehend the complications into which an affirmative decision might lead them. There is also, indeed, grave doubt whether the trade unions themselves would profit from the additional bur den which would thus be thrust upon them, or whether they would. experi ence any benefits from a movement so clearly destined to inject politics into an organization of workers now exist ing to obtain adequate wages and suit able conditions of employment from private employers. Existing for such a purpose, the federation undoubtedly may be beneficial. It has, however, in the past held rather closely to the line of the trades, skilled and un skilled, as distinguished from the pro fessions, and it has dealt with em ployers in their private, as distin guished from a public, capacity. An illustration of the difficulties which might arise will be furnished by a hypothetical instance in which the recognized weapon of the strike might be employed. The employer of the teachers being the public, and mem bers of the federation being as much a part of the public as any other citizens, a strike of teachers, if the weapon of last resort were utilized, would resolve itself into a strike of part of the members of the trade union body against themselves, which would be an absurdity. For it will be conceded that union workers in com mon with all other citizens have a stake in the public schools. -that they are concerned in the education of their children, that whatever else may be fall they do not want the opportunities for education diminished, and that in the final analysis they also are deeply interested in a system of government which we have founded on the prin ciple of equal rights for all, without recognition of class. It is the public interest which is af fected when the schools arg concerned. The public, and no private concern, is the employer of the teacher. It is a question worthy of the serious atten tion which the teachers seem to be disposed to give to it, whether, either from their own point of view, or that of trade unionism or that of the public- as a whole, any of the parties to the transaction would be helped by the suggested affiliation of this body of professional men and women in the public employ with the organization which now concerns itself with ques tions of wages and working conditions and is succeeding so well because it is as a rule keeping away from dan gerous ground. A question of ethics, too, is raised. which is absent from the issue of craft organization. Shall a part of the public be organized as a class, as against the public as a whole? ' Are the established methods applicable to enforcement of demands against private-employers suitable also to the set tlement of public questions? If the teachers organize as ' a trade union, shall the issue of the "closed shop" be raised in the schools? Shall it be decreed that the public shall, employ teachers only who are members of a designated organization? It will hardly be maintained that this would be in keeping- with the spirit pf our government, which is a government for all. And, finally, there is the ques tion whether the citizen, whether union worker or merchant, or profes sional man, or otherwise, will look with equanimity upon the opening of a door which leads who knows where? Certainly, the issue of teach ers" pay lies between the teachers and their employers, -and. Jieir employers are all the people, and there is now a remedy which a recent school ielec tion in Portland has indicated is an effective one. It ias been suggested, that our po- litical system is founded upon the principle that there are no classes, so far as the public is concerned. A few individuals at either extreme may think they feel the sense of class consciousness, but the principle never theless holds good.'. No- movement which tends to foster division will seem wise now. Trade unionism has established and justified itself as an agency intthe handling of issues be tween labor and the private employer, but recognition by teachers, or by other public employes, of the differ ence betweejjr the two situations im plies no commitment as to the prin ciple of unionism. One may believe, as did a speaker before the teachers' organization, that unions "have broken the back of industrial arrogance," and still differentiate between employ ment by a private industry and that by a public who admit the existence of no class. A LAW AIMED AT FRAUD. No legitimate realty broker should have any serious objection to' the bill passed by the legislature requiring him to pay $5 a year for a license, to give bond of $1000 that he will make no fraudulent representation, and to ob tain the recommendation of ten free holders in his county in order to ob tain a license. In fact, every honest real estate man should welcome the protection against fraud which this law will throw about his business. It is difficult to understand why there should be a move for a referendum. . One- of the serious obstacles to de velopment of Oregon has been the fraud and misrepresentation practiced by dishonest brokers and promoters. They have published broadcast exag geratedly glowing reports about the state, as a means of selling orchard land where a tree could not grow, orchards which had not been planted, and farms on barren, rocky sidehills. They are of the migratory kind, hav ing no regard for the good of the state; their one idea is to separate a man from his money and then move on. They gave the state a bad name among the ill-informed, which it has had to live down. They are the fell lows whom house bill 425 will drive out of business. Reliable real estate men are heartily in favor of the law. It is indorsed by the Portland Realty Board and by realty men, bankers and commercial bodies in all parts of Oregon, as shown by a careful canvass made by the Oregon Chamber of Commerce. The bill affords honest dealers protection against the injury which swindling op erators do to their whole business, and it protects investors from fraud. None need fear its effects except those at whom it is aimed. Their protests are the strongest argument in its favor. SOT SO MUCH ECONOMY AFTER ALU Although W. G. McAdoo announced when he took charge of the railroads that the government would pay no such princely salaries to managers of railroads as had been paid by the com panies to their presidents and general managers, he seems to have taken second thought. In a report presented to the senate committee on commerce it appears that regional directors re ceive $50,000 a year in all except two cases, where the salary is $40,000, and they have assistants at salaries rang ing from $10,000 to $35,000. The assistant director-general receives $25, 000 and the several heads of divisions at the general office are paid from $10,000 to $25,000. There is a plentiful sprinkling of men at $5000 upward. The total number of men in the gen eral offices and in the offices of tbe several director-generals is 2496. The total expense of federal administration as distinguished from operation and maintenance. In the year 1918 was $3,647,143, but in December it was at the rate of $6,390,00.0 a year. It seems that Mr. McAdoo's promise was rash and incapable of fulfillment. The work of a railroad president or regional director is worth so much, and if the men qualified to do it can not get that amount they go where they can get it They have no difficulty, for there is a larger demand, in pro portion to the supply, for $50,000 men than for any other class of labor. For the work of a railroad president is simply labor brain labor of the sever est kind. He must apply the knowl edge and experience of years to the direction of a big machine and decide quickly by a sort of cultivated instinct questions which may make the differ ence .between a dividend and a re ceivership. The cost of federal administration is added to the usual expense' of railroad operation, to some extent but not en tirely supplanting the general office expense. It may be less than the aggregate of the latter expense for all the railroads, but the large increase in December suggests that it may soon overtake the overhead of private oper ation. In such circumstances the pressure of jobs always overcomes the resistance of economy. TAKE OFF THE HANDICAP. The first step taken by congress In regard to the merchant marine will necessarily be to provide for comple tion of the shipping board's shipbuild ing programme and to set the ship yards free to take foreign contracts. It will then be necessary to dispose of the ships already built and to be built, to decide whether they shall be operated by the shipping board or leased to private operators or sold, and,., on what terms. But the work will be incomplete, and in the end may go for naught, unless there should be a wholesale revision of the laws governing operation of ships. Existing shipping laws seem to have been devised deliberately to discrim inate against sailing of ships under the American flag. As detailed by Captain Robert Dollar in the New York Evening Post, at every point they impose expense on an American ship which is not borne by vessels of any other nation. The effect of the provisions which he dissects is not to put money in the treasury or to in crease seamen s wages, comfort or safety, but to add to the cost of op eration and to drive American ship owners to put their vessels under for eign flags. Before the war 2,250,000 gross tons were ".hus operated by Americans, . -who but ; .for our laws might and probably would have placed their vessels under the American flag. Requirements of American law as to the manning of a certain ship made the pre-war .wage cost per month $3270, as compared with $1308 under the British flag and $777 under the Japanese flag for ships of the same tonnage and type. Some persons say that wages are a comparatively small part of the total cost of operation, but Captain Dollar shows by a typical case that it is 30 per cent. Amirican rules of measurement make the tonnage ot snips zs per cent more than British rules, thereby increasing the port and pilotage dues to be paid in jnany ports where Lae are based on tonnage. That Is the case with eleven ships built for the shipping board." which are of the same tonnage as a. vessel operated by him under the British flag. The only ports where this practice does not discrim inate against American ships are those which charge dues according to draft. Comparing two sister ships, one American, the other British, General Goethals said that the former paid $500 mor canal tolls at Panama. The American method of inspecting a boiler racks it,, causes many leaks, takes more time and interferes more with the working of the ship than British. and other foreign methods. - The seamen's act was not enforced during the war because, "if it had been enforced to the letter, it would have paralyzed the commerce of our country," but "on the Pacific ocean it was partly enforced, sufficiently to drive the American, ships off the ocean and turn practically the entire car rying trade over to the Japanese." The drawbaks created by law are said by some people to be offset by American ability to use oil instead of coal, but other nations use oil also, and that fuel cannot be generally adopted until oil stations have been established at convenient points all over the world. It Is said that Diesel engines will give us an advantage, but the Dutch, Danes, Norwegian and British have been ahead of us in this respect and therefore have more ex perience. Our ports will have facili ties to handle cargo rapidly,, but for eign vessels as well as our own will use them, And similar facilities will be built at foreign ports. Foreigners al ready have banks and business organ izations In ports all over the world, while the United States is just start ing. In none of his strictures on the laws does Captain Dollar attack those parts of the seamen's law which protect the seamen from injustice and assure them good food and dean, healthy quarters, reasonable hours and as good conditions as prevail on land. He condemns only those things which injure the ship-owner without benefit tothe seamen or the government or the public. Referring to thesothings he says: . Put the American ship-owner and operator on an equal footing with those of other na tions we ask no advantage or preference and we will prove to our country that we will hold our own with all comers. To do this should be within the capacity of the present congress. All that Chairman Hurley has said of the superioV ability of Americans in han dling ships may be true, but it should be added to. not substituted for, the relief from useless burdens which Cap tain Dollar proposes. If any doubt existed that the com munist government of Hungary was an enemy of the allies and was acting in full co-operation with the bolshe vists of Russia, it would be removed by recent events in that quarter. Soon after the Roumanians began their ad vance through Hungary on Budapest, the bolshevists sent an ultimatum de manding that Roumania evacuate Bessarabia and sent an army to en force it. The effect would be to check hostilities against Hungary. The al lies by calling on Roumania to stop the advance on Budapest appear to have been less desirous of snuffling out hostile communism in Hungary than of opposing farther gains by bolshevism toward the Black sea. Lack of strong policy against bol shevism explains this vacillation. Recently on trains from Klamath Falls to Weed and back to Medford, there were two fellows and a girl. They paid her fare across the state line both ways. There also was aboard a woman officer of Portland, which the fellows did not know. They were arrested at Medford and are here for trial for violating a federal law. One cannot call a woman "Johnny on the spot," but she's a good sister of his. One of the first numbers on the programme " qf the prune-growers when they organize will be to adver tise that Oregon prunes are grown in Oregon, not in California. It used to be and probably still is true that one can find in foreign markets any quan tity of California prunes which ac tually grew in Oregon, but few deaf ers know that Oregon grows the fruit. Those foreign-born citizens who pro test against force in attempting to make citizens of immigrants need have no anxiety on that score. There is no intention to force -citizenship on any person; on the other hand, none should be admitted to citizenship until ttfiey have been Americanized, which In cludes acquiring knowledge of the lan guage of this country. Somebody might bid on a million pounds of those government prunes in local warehouses, get them and start a "sale." Has anybody in this prune country had enough at any time this past year? Time was when people affected to despise this fruit but no more. Since President Wilson proposed that prohibition be lifted from beer and wine, the breach betweeu him and W. J. Bryan has been widened. But who knows whether the peerless one would have been faithful to grapejulce if. he had lived in Paris all these months? For a century the nations of Europe have regarded Constantinople as a sweet, juicy orange, but they no sooner get it In their power than they wish to hand it to Uncle Sam, as though it were a lemon. The tinplate king discovers that the charms of $50,000,000 pale before those of a stoop-shouldered Serbian artist-hero. If this goes on, the rich but unromantlc husbands will wish that Germany had won. In that vast cemetery in France where will lie the remains of 25,000 Americans there should be set out to beautify it the Oregon fir, typical in its color of the life everlasting. Chairman Hays is disposed to make collection of the republican campaign fund resemble a Red Cxoss drive about 20,000,000 people putting up a dollar apiece. Arkansas burns a negro alive. To which civilized state shall the league give a mandate for this backward state ? "Wilson will retire if league wins out," says a Washington dispatch. Is this a promise or a threat? "Why. by the way, is Germany to be telling what she will do or not do? Proceed, General Foch! A white man robbed by a negro woman shows brazen nerve in telling 0l it Stars and Starmakers. by Leone Cms Baer. HEADLINE 6ys "New York theatri cal manager returns from Europe laden with manuscripts, weighing DO pounds." English Jokes, I reckon. Walter C. Kelly, the Virginia judge, has gone to London to play in vaude ville until next fall. When "American Ace," which head lines at the Orpheum next week, played Canadian territory On Its way out here it was rechristened "The Royal Ace." Now that it's back In American terri tory its old title is resumed. . Alexandra Carlisle has closed her season in "The Country Cousin" and has opened a school of voice culture and elocution in Boston. Miss Carlisle lives on a farm a few miles out of Bos ton and her husband, a physician, has a practice In Boston. Robert Edeson's present wife, Mary Newcombe Edeson, is to have a place in musical stock at Haverhill, Mass., this summer. ' Sometimes - you-pick-a-wlnner-note : San Francisco papers carried a story last week about Louis Moscenl, who recently played the Orpheum here, win ning a $2800 prize in a Chinese lottery. According to a theatrical agent, one Professor Beach, attached to a college in Emporia, Kan., recently stopped the mayor of the town on the street and began talking about Otis Skinner, whose engagement he was directing there on behalf of his school. "Vou're not going to miss Otis Skin ner, are you?" he asked the mayor. "Well," replied the mayor, reflecting for a moment, "I'll try not to. Is Skin ner a member of this year's graduating class?" Speaking of Otis Skinner, his 18-year-old daughter. Cornelia Otis Skinner, Is to have a bit In a production of reper toire to be made foon by George C. Tyler in Washington. D. C. Laurette Taylor's sister, Bessie Owens, is in the cast and bo is Lillian Russell's sister. Mrs. Susan' Westford. When Gcraldlne Dare was in the motion picture world, before she came to be ingenue with the Baker stock, among the roles she played was one of a Salvation Army lass, in the pic turesque uniform and bonnet. From Los Angeles comes news that the pic ture of Miss Dare, Just the portion showing her as the quaint little Salva tion girl, has been utilized as a screen flash in propaganda for the big Salva tion Army drive. Colored posters, using Miss Dare's interesting face and figure, are to be used in the publicity campaign. While Miss Dare was in picture work she posed for a series of posters by Madame Tmal Tsuda. a Jap anese artist of note. A reproduction of one of these portraits was published in the Green Book. Nellie Nichols was to have played here this spring on the Orpheum cir cuit, but she canceled her bookings In the middle west a few days ago and hurried to Los Angeles to be with her mother, who is gravely I1L Sophie Tucker Is going to celebrate her 150th performance at the Sophie Tucker room of Reisenweber's May 21. During the Chicago engagement of John Kellard. who Is the worst Shake spearean actor In the world, the elec tric light sign In front of the theater where he played read as follows: "Shake Speare ' Plays." Numberless people took the tip and shook them. Robert Hllliard has started two suits against George M. Cohan, ono for $50. 000, which he alleges is due him be cause Cohan failed to write a play for him after he bought "A Prince There Was," and a second suit for an ac counting of tho profits earned by the piece. When Cohan bought the "Prince There Was" the piece had opened with Billiard in the principal role and was a failure, with tho receipts tafctween $200 and $300 a performance. Cohan paid $25,000 outright for the produc tion and declared Billiard in for a third of the profits. This In itself was about as nervy a piece of business as the theater has seen In many seasons. Cohan then walked into the role that was created by Billiard and put the show over to a success. Hllliard mean time got statements of the business the attraction was doing and according to reports showed them generally about the Lambs club, with remarks to the effect that he didn't have to work. These remarks were evidently re layed to Cohan, who did not write a new play for Hllliard. Cohan is reported as having said that rather than write a play for Hll liard he would give him $50,000. Under pressure he added, he wouldn't and couldn't write a play for him for $1,000,000. It has been said of Adelina Patti, the most successful soprano of her day, that she was also the most cosmopolitan of the great operatic song birds. She cer tainly was; Born in Spain of Italian parentage, she studied music In Mexico, made her first appearance in New York, attained her greatest success in Rus sia, where she received the "Order of Merit" fronvCzar Alexander, and made her home In Wales. Her first husband vala Frenchman; her last husband was a Swede, and her last, final formal fare well to the stage was taken recently In London. CAJTADIAX CHEVRONS DIFFERENT, Cold Ban Indicate Woondii Service Stripes Blue and Red. PORTLAND. May 22. T the Ed itor.) Owing to the fact that most everyone takes the gold bars which the Canadian soldiers wear on the left sleeve to be service stripes, I hope you will make the following explanation: The number of gold bars worn on the left sleeve denotes the number of times w-ounded in battle. For example, if you tee a man who is wearing three straight gold bars on the left sleeve, he has been wounded in battle three separate times. The Canadian eervlce chevrons are blue and are worn on the right sleeve. The man who enlisted in 1914 Is enti tled to wear a red chevron in addition to the blue ones. Each chevron means one year's service overseas, and not six months as it does in the American army., " . rr- I am an American who went to France In 1914 with the-Canadians. SOLDLLU. Those Who Come and Go. J While scores failed to get into the auditorium to hear McCormack sing. George Rodgers of Astoria was not to be left -on the cold outside by the mere fact that the house was Fold out. "I telephoned to McSweeney, McCormack's manager," explained the Astorian and ex-Salemite. "and told him I had trav eled 100 miles to hear John and that I was building ships to help the govern ment win the war. McSweeney replied that McCormack himself had got down on his knees and begged for a couple of tickets to give to friends a few hours before, but that If I would go around to the stage door he'd see that I got in. I I did. You've got to have nerve to g.'t anywhere in this world." smiled Mr. I Rodgers. Going to the stage door was no novelty to the shipbuilder, for once upon a time, when he was a boy in 1 Portland, he Joined a minstrel troupe and traveled over the country with it. Oakland, Or., was well represented in Portland yesterday. George Steam?, stockman and member of K. G. Young & Co., was among those present, and his boy Roy brought a double-deck car load of sheep, and Bill Leenor brouirh a mixed car of -hogs and hiieep ami! Louis Kruse. who runs the flouring mill there, was in Portland to attend to re pairs for the mill. Oakland is one of the biggest shipping points in the southern part of the state and is the source of most of Portland's turkey supply at Thanksgiving time. In ad dltm to which Oakland ships turkeys to California and Washington by the ton. Another advocate of. the- irrigation measure, the Roosevelt highway and the reconstruction measure arrived in town yesterday in the person of A. A. Smith of Baker. Mr. Smith is a demo crat and was elected as representative for Raker county In the recent letris- ature. Having voted to have there neasures placed on the ballot at the special election in June, he contends that he should prove his belief in them by making speeches for them, and a.i an orator Smith of Baker carried off the palm in the 1D19 session. The man who is supposed to have closed the Cow Creek canyon to tour ists is at the Hotel Portland. He is John Hampshire and has the contract for civilizing that miserable section of the Pacific highway, which has caused more wrecks and profanity than anv similar mileage in Oregon. The Cow Creek canyon isn't closed completely, as It Is possible to get through at specified hours. Attending the dairy and milk confer ence here yesterday were the following residents of Seattle, who registered at the Hotel Portland: A. F. Bird. G. O. Wallace, M. S. Young and C. H. Peter son. Mr. Bird, who Is accompanied by his wire, ts manager of one of the big milk distributing concerns on Puget sound. Joseph H. Ralston was in Portland yesterday attending the electrical con vention, he being in the electrical busi ness at Albany. Mr. Ralston is a mem ber of the Albany city council and is son-in-law of C. H. Stewart, the post master there. He is also a member of the Ralston family of pioneers and his rather owned immense chunks of the town of Lebanon. When Macaulay wrote of "the trav eler from New Zealand" he thought he was picturing an almost impossible tourist, for New Zealand was not pro ducing much more of a tourist crop in i nose ciays tnan 1'alapronia is now. Three travelers from New Zealand are registered at the Benson. They are Mrs. R. H. Rhodes and daughter and Miss Leschomaker. Of all the people who write their names on the registers of Portland, the medal of merit for penmanship goes to Henry L. Bents, of Aurora. Mr. Bents, whose chirography emblazons the cur rent page at the Hotel Washington, slings a pen like one of these profes sionals who write cards. Aurora, his home town. Is of ancient vintage and once upon a time when the Oreiron California trains were about as speedy as a farm tractor, the trains stopped 0 minutes at Aurora for meals. F. E. Smith and daughter, of Aloha. are at the Hotel Washineton. Aloha Is not In the Hawaiian islands, despite Its name. Probably not one-tenth of the people In Portland know where Aloha Is situated and yet It is only 10 miles from the Rose City. Thomas Bennett of Marshfleld. who sold his banking interests to Charles Hall, is at the Imperial. He Is the eon of the late Mr. Bennett of Flanagan .- Bennett, nanxers, which was doing business in the Coos bay country years ago. town by the travelers from Nippon. I. Nishi. registered at the Imperial from Tokio, being the latest. Gentlemen from Japan are not registering from Naga- ediw iiur any oiner port or town. W. H. Gore of Medford. banker, poli tician, good roads booster and ardent believer in the supremacy of Medford fruit over all other fruits, was a visitor in Portland yesterday. Dr. H. F. Parsons, dentist, who for two years has been looking after the molars and incisors and eye teeth of t!:o Yanks in the United States and France, will return homo Monday and resume his practice. Miss Blanche Hammel, credited with having one of the best voices in the Willamette valley. Is in Portland. Her father built the Albany hotel and late.' conducted a hotel at Corvallis. F. N. Whitman, hotel man and banker a rare combination of As toria, is in the city and is registered at the Imperial. C. S. Hudson, one of the barkers of Bend, which expects to have a popula tion of 50,000 within a few years, is at the 'Benson. XOT ALL GIRLS AFTER MOSEY Some ETta Willing to Spend Their Own on Boys In Service. PORTLAND, May 22. (To the Ed itor.) I think Sergeant Brown, whose letter you published, should lry rights be in France instead of here.1 If Ser geant Brown has been unfortunate in finding only American girls who want him to spend his money on them. I think Sergeant Brown has used mighty poor judgment in selecting his friends. There are plenty of nice girls who ap preciate a good friend and are even willing to spend their money on the boys (if such boys are in military ser vice). Some of us girls know a few things about France, too. My forefathers left France and came to this country, where they could bring up their families sur rounded by higher ideals than was pos sible in France. It has been those ideals that have made the American boy, who was so popular in France. If America is to preserve those Ideals that our forefathers fought and struggled for, it will depend upon the girls ami future mothers of this country, and take it from one who knows. Uptakes considerable backbone and "indepen dence" on the part of the girls in deal ing with such boys as Sergeant Brown, who seems to think the earth and all its fullness belongs to them and is to be disposed of at their pleasure. I think if Sergeant Brown were lucky enough to meet the real Amer ican girl and Portland is full of them he would surely take off his hat and forget his theories about French girls. Of course, there are girls who are poor examples of the American girl, .and I also think there are a few such bos-s. OLD-FASHIONED AMERICAN GIRL. In Other Days. Tcnty-flve Years Ago. From The OreRonian of May 23. 1!M. Eugene. The most exciting day of the convention of the Cumberland Presbyterian church witnessed rejec tion of the proposal to sanction women preachers. President Isaac Heck and Secretary Frank L. Brow n of the Portland Trac tion company have returned from Cali fornia and reported condition of the cable Hue and power house to the bond holders, but have made no public state ment. The judiciary committee of the city council yesterday considered the mat ter of extending the First-street line franchise and will recommend to the council tociay that it be made for six months. John Wagner is back from a year's visit in Europe. He spent most of the time in Frankfort, but visited Berlin, Alsai-e and Paris. it seems we scarcely knew her in her many years on earth Nor realized till she had cone her ster ling woman s worth: Too much she gave, too freely toiled Too much we blindly let her give torgetting thanks or tmile. Now, looking back across the years, our hearts are wrung with pain, neinemberipg the prire she paid that we, her own. niicht gain: She placed no value on her deeds love prompted every one; We simnly knew she met our needs until lur work was done. Those toil-worn hands had never meant so luiii-ii in us MM11I Upon her quiet breast they lay so white and cold and still! What ser ice they hail done for us we never paused to say Until we missed their tender touch when she had gone away. The thin gray hair upon her brow was as a halo light. But we had never known It till she went away that night; We longed to tell our love at last, and how we held her dear. But oh. the hour had glided past our words she could not hear! Enriching years! Today we see with vision keen and bright The beauties of that noble soul who went away that night; With aching hearts we know too late there never was another So good and true the whole way through as she whom we called Mother! MOB LAW PHASK OK DEMOCRACY L,yneh!nga ecenmtrily Accompany Onr Form of Government. PORTLAND. May 22. (To the Edi tor.) Those foreigners who denounce lynching in our country often forget one or two highly significant facts about our national psychology. We are a high-spirited, energetic people, pos sessing the courage which our lofty ideals give us. We dislike, for instance, any public official who. though in a place of power, proceeds to swagger and strut as if he had some quality in him not derived from us. I am far from saying we have no regard for authority. That would be asserting a lack of law and order in our country, which we know has more real political, economic anil social security in it to day than any other in the world. We tend, however, as occasions show, not to regard authority as sacrosanct, to look upon it as not having an inherent essence which makes it inviolable. We feel that after all authority is human in its source the people not divine. 1 speak not of Individual violation of law but of group violation. The dif ference is vast. A mob is never punished in our country. Somo per sons wax morally indignant over this fact. But it is not a question of right or wrong. It is simply Impossible to punish a mob because of its very lack of individual responsibility. . When a large section or district or mass of people holds ardently, pas sionately certain convictions or beliefs, if there are those who flaurantly dis regard or what amounts to the same thing are thought to have flagrantly disregarded or can be made to appear to large numbers as having done so, the coniniuiiity arises in its might and smites the offenders, without waiting for what Is called "due process of law." The community acts thus in the spirit of a higher law. Since the peo ple are sovereign, they temporarily suspend the written law (which it must be remembered. Is their own creature) and resort to lynch law. The process is quite consistent and logical. Lynch law has oflen been denounced. but much ot this denunciation is known to be Insincere and merely conventional done for appearance's sake. Of course the partisans of the victim are serious enough, but they are in a minority and minorities are always complaining. The beneficiaries of lynching I mean those whose prejudices or interests are satis fied and served though often pretend ing to oppose the principle of it. never go farther, if they and their goods are unscathed, than virtuously to draw this wise conclusion and pompously announce it: 'The laws temporary breakdown is due to the failure of the law to correct the wrong that the lynrhers righted." The accuracy of my analysis Is dem onstrated scores of times a year in thin country. I could mention lynchings that even The Oregonian approves, if not in its columns, then in its heart It is doubtful if we can preserve the blessings of democracy and not hav occasional lynchings. We cannot abolish or materially reduce them and have the essentials of democracy left. Coun tries where lynching Is rare are all class-ruled countries, of w hich we. with our greater spirit of untrammeled liberty, are vastly the superiors. Let us not be afraid to admit tho fact that lynching and democracy go together. As long as we are a free people, under conditions of stress wc shall have lynchings and these will be condoned and justified by the great majority. The feelings of that majority must be right or the whole theory of democracy is grotesquely false. SOUTHRON. Searchins foraSearrhloK Investigation. Roseburg News. Douglas county people are wondering what has become of that "searching in vestigation" promised by the I'nited States marshal's office concerning the conduct of Deputy Berry, who i? alleged to have imbibed all too freely of bootleg whis-ky while en route to Portland from Roseburg with a couple of prisoners arrested here bv countv officials. With a whole handful ot affidavits In evidence from reputable citizens of Yoncalla who witnessed the condition of the Portland official, it appears that most any kind of a "searching investigation" would sub stantiate the facts. Why "whitewarh" the escapac? Marriage of Conlr-. SCIO, Or., May 21. (To the Editor ) Is it against the law of the state of Oregon to marry a second cousin? If it is against the law in Oregon, may the parties concerned procure a license in Washington and have the ceremony performed in Oregon! SUBSCRIBER. Marriage of first cousins is pro hibited in Oregon, but not of second cousins. I Mother. I iy i,rr I-., linn. j