TIIE 3IOBXIXG OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, MAY 22, 1919. NEAR EAST ISSUE 13 BATTLE OF CHARTS Paris Misled by Many Kinds of Propaganda. TEUTONIC IMPRINTS SHOWN Attempt 3rade to Prove That Armen ians Robbed and Massacred Turks. BY WILLIAM T. ELLIS. Copyright by the New York Herald Com pany. Published by Arrangement.) CONSTANTINOPLE. "Figures can riot lie, but liars can figure," is a cyn icism perhaps too bald to apply to the diplomatic use of statistics in the near east, but anything less definite would not state the facts which confront an investigator. Bedrock to any permanent settle ment of the near eastern question is the determination of what races and re ligions occupy a given area and their relative proportions. If Greeks predom inate in Thrace and Western Anatolia, they have a basis of claim to be award ed sovereisnty there. So the Greek official figures show in great detail the numerical .superiority of Hellenic pop ulation. No room is left for doubt or discussion. The case is closed, settled "Feenish Johnny," as they say in Salonica. Along come the Turkish claims, of ficial also, mark you, and supported by various disinterested authorities. At once one wonders at the mendacity of the Greeks, who would dare to make tuch false and unfounded claims. At least, one might wonder if this were his first experience with near eastern statistics. For the Turks demonstrate utterly that the Ureeks are so small a minority as to be insignificant. Be it remembered, these are not the idle figurines of irresponsible zealots. They are prepared by responsible gov ernments for presentation to the Paris commission. Yet each discredits the other. And the traveler himself who goes 1 over the ground in question is likely to discredit both. For a population claimed as Greek or Turkish may real ly be Bulgarian. So a district which Armenians and Turks each call theirs may be Georgian, Kurdish, Greek or Syrian. A lover of euphemisms could safely say that the orient is the re gion of the inexactitude. When the Turks put forth their printed-in-Germany tables they affect a fine show of impartiality by proving that the population of two or three islands including Cyprus, which be longs to Great Britain is predomi nantly Greek. Did Armenians Mauacre Turks? Credulity is taxed, however, when the official memorial addressed to the powers by the Ottoman government undertakes to show by statistics that the Armenians have within five years massacred more than 1,000,000 innocent Moslem men, women and children! In private conversation with me Turkish officials freely translate this Into "mil lions." When I flatly told Rustim Bey, the one-time ambassador to Washing ton, that I did not believe these figures he was apparently astonished and took on such an air of affronted dignity that a challenge to a duel would have been quite in atmosphere. As an aside upon this matter It is to be said that most Turks cither deny or minimize the reports of the Armenian atrocities. Their attitude i3 of injured innocence, victims of propaganda and of their own lack of opportunity to be heard abroad. It is the complaint of adolescence, "Nobody understands me." If the truth were known, runs the rea soning, the Turks would be seen in the light of long-suffering victims of oppressive minorities! "No Turk ever massacred an unarmed man or a wom an or child," declared an English speaking Turk to me, with the fire of conviction in his eye. as we sat at lunch in the Cercle d'Orient. On my table at the moment as I write are two albums and a big, thick book showing by text and photographs all evidently prepared somewhere near the northern terminus of the Berlin- Bagdad railway that the Armenians plotted, conspired, robbed, raped and massacred, and there are the portraits of the slain to prove it. The text at tached to the pictures in the albums is in four languages, a bit of propagan da done with characteristic Teutonic thoroughness, although stamped with a Turkish seal. Practically all these atrocities charged against the Armenians are located in the Caucasus and in regions where I myself have traveled since the date of their alleged perpetration. A few other Americans, consuls and relief workers, have been in the same region. and by a coincidence these men during the last few days have been in Con stantinople; and I have talked with them about the charges made by the Turkish government. Likewise, I have inquired of the British experts. There are always one or more British experts upon every hit or the earth s surface if one may only get at them. In this case the extreme figures to be debited against the Armenians are unofficially British; namely, that not more than 25,0.00 Moslems have been massacred by Armenians within the last five years. Even that is rather an appalling total, but it must be set over against the provocation and the fact that nearly a million Armenians were slain, and perhaps as many more survive, starving, In exile, by the fiend ish cruelty of the Turkish government. Y ou re another is a poor answer for the Turco-Teutonic cabal to make to the Armenians. Some day an inde pendent international commission will give us the facts, in balance and pro portion. To return to the theme of statistics! One of the cruel and inhuman weapons that has come into general use in this war is the ethnographic chart. This is meant to show who's who and where in the disputed regions of the earth, like Alsace-Lorraine, the Balkans and Tur key: By colored dots, squares, stars and circle, it purports to tell the loca tion and size of each racial group. The first of these vivid charts one encount ers is most impressive. The fairness of it carries one away. Here is the truth at a glance. Alas, that is only a first impression! For the very next ethnographic chart that is poked under one's nose by some zealous partisan proves diametrically the opposite of the first. There even may be a third, to make clear that the two others were entirely wrong. Ap parently it is all merely a matter of access to a color press. As new and elaborate and beautiful ethnographic charts are flashed before me they leave me stone cold. I attach more weight to the opinion of an honest man who has visited the regions in question than to all the ethnographic charts ever published. Charts, tables, maps and observers all unite in making clear one basic con dition in the Near East. This must be understood before a student can get anywhere with a solution of the prob lem. It is that races and religions are inextricably intermingled. A few square miles may contain distinctive villages of four or five contending rfations or groups. A snake would break its back trying to mark a boundary between them. Much more is it impossible simply impossible for the Paris commission or any other body to erect a line of di vision that will respect the racial and religious claims which are paramount here. Where the nations impinge there are no solid blocks of population that can be treated as unities. Except by vast migrations, it is out of the question to enable each man or village to dwell under the sovereignty of its choice. Some strong overlordship will have to be interposed to give everybody justice where he now is, ir respective of his past or hi3 predilec tions. That suzerain, or mandatory, will have as an important part of its work the difficult task of teaching peo ple how to get along amicably one with the other. For the old state of affairs breeds only suspicion, fear, antipathy, disorder and statistics! POLES WHIP UKRAINIANS ARMY IX GAIilCIA REPORTED TO BE IX FCLIi FLIGHT. Ckraine Premier Scores Allies for Supporting Poles YVhenIjattcr Break Agreement and right. WARSAW, May 20. By the Associ ated Press.) Drohobycz, Boryslaw and Mikolajow have been captured by the Poles in their campaign in Galicia, says an official statement issued today. The Poles have crossed the Dneister river ear Rozwadow, according to the state ment, which adds: The prisoners taken have not yet been counted. The enemy is fleeing n a panic. VIENNA, May 20. (By the Associ ated Press.) Fighting of the most Be vere character is in progress between the Poles and Ukranians in Eastern Ga icia, according to reports received ere. M. Holubowicz, premier of West Ukraine, in a statement telegraphed ere says: The insane policy of the allies in upporting the Poles is responsible for the situation. The allies etipulated that General Haller's army should not be used against us, but it is being done. Premier Paderewski is making comedy threat of resigning because of being unable to keep his promises. "May the blood of thousands of Poles n the Ukraine be upon the heads of those who are directing or permitting the attacks and the destruction of the Ukraine's hopes to be free." Spring Medicine &fOOCTS?ar?a Purifies the Blood ANC LEARN HOW I POSITIVELY (ilARANTEE TO TKACH YOU IX A Ilrj-MARRABIiY SHORT TIME. GENTLEMEN $5.00 LADIES $3.00 Come dance with ou many expert lady an gent lemen instructors. Private lessons daily VFW ClASSKS THIS WEEK REKIXER$, MONDAY AND THIRS lY EVENING Si ADVANCED TIES DAY AND FRIDAY EVENINGS. RINGLER'S DANCING ACADEMY Cotillion Hall Mth St. at Washington. Bdwy. 3380. TRADITIONAL LOCK OF I IVY AIDS VI Science Solves Weather Prob lems in Way Denied British. EVERY SAFEGUARD TAKEN Xaval Experts Spend Months Dig ging XJp Data on Aerial Con ditions Before Start. Pub- t1i it 1 i le : 1111 si j i WEEK MORE GIVEN B0CHES 'Continued From First Page.) the former Government as the party which was solely or chiefly to blame for the war. The draft of the treaty contains no facts in support of this ew; no proof on the subject is furn- shed therein. The German delegates therefore beg you to be so good as to communicate to them the report of the commission set up by the allied and as sociated governments for the purpose of establishing the responsibility of the war." The reply of Premier Cleraenceau says: "In your note you etate that Germany while 'accepting,' in November, 1918. "the obligation to make reparation,' did not understand such an acceptance to mean that her responsibility was in volved either for the war or for the acts of the former German government and that it is only possible to con ceive ot such an obligation if its origin and cause is the responsibility of the author of the damage. You add that the German people would never have undertaken a war of aggression. Own Statement Cited. Yet, in the note from Secretary of State Lansing of November 5, 1918, which you approve of and advise in favor of your contention, it is said that the obligation to make reparation arises out of 'Germanys aggression by land. sea and air. As the German government did not at the time make any protest against this allegation, it thereby recognized it as we'll founded. Therefore, Ger many recognized in 1918, impliedly but clearly, both the aggression and her responsibility. It would be impossible, you state further, that the German people should be regarded as the accomplices of the faults committed by the 'former Ger man government." However, Germany has never claimed, and such a declara tion would have been contrary to all principles of international law, that a modification of its political regime or a change in the governing person alities would be sufficient to extin guish an obligation already undertak en by any nation. She did not act upon the principle she now contends for either in 1871 as regards France after the proclamation of the republic, nor in 1917 in regard to Russia after the revolution which abolished the" czarist regime. "Finally, you ask that the report of the commission on responsibility be communicated to you. In reply we beg to say that the allied and associated powers consider the reports of the com missions set up by the peace conference as documents of an internal character which cannot be transmitted to you." BY W. P. EEAZELU (Copyright by the New York World. jisnea Dy Arrangement. ; TREPASSEY, N. F., May 21. Trepas- sey bay is 18 miles wide, running rrom Cape Pine to Cape Race, the site of the great wireless station. The high land which ends in Cape Pine forms the western shore of the harbor as well as of the ba. About 300 years east of this land runs Powle's Peninsula, a nar row tongue of land which forms the western shore of Mutton bay. The excellence of the -weather that marked the stay here of the Nancies was phenomenal. To natives it was a source of actual astonishment, for they are entirely frank regarding the climate and agree that it is generallly bad in May. Since Friday they have pressed their luck and potato patches have been made, cod traps gone over and schooners repainted by the score. No better evidence of exceptional weather could be asked than this. Nature Kind to Expedition. Visitors have been told by the men in charge of the planes some advan tages have been taken of the compli ance of the elements. Except for a stiff breeze, when One was being moored and suffered in collision with launch, there has not been a single untoward moment. Not an hour's de lay attended the examination of the planes and making trivial repairs that were required, effecting readjustments that suggested themselves or refuel ing for the long voyage. It is not too much to say, indeed, that if the offi cers could have had the making of the weather during their stay they would have made just what they got. One might go to the fanciful length of imagining that nature had been awaiting the desires of the Americans and that when their programme called for the start on the trans-Atlantic flight she signed on with them for the duration of the exploit. When com parison is made with the heart-breaking difficulties that have stood in the way of the Sopwith and Martinsyde ex peditions at St. John's, it is hard to believe that the way could bo so smooth for the Americans. The long succession of fortunate de velopments will etand henceforth as evidence that there is standing luck in the American navy, as well as in the British army. But these same develop ments will bo still more eloquent of the infinite care, no less than of the extraordinary presciei.ee with which preparations for the flight were made. Some day the full story of that will be told. When it is, it will be found to be as amazing as dramatic. Every Available Record I'aed. The story of advance preparations for this flight will furnish a most important clfapter in tho study of weather conditions. There was no such taking things for granted as marked the coming of the Sopwith and Martin syde expeditions for a flight for the prize offered by the London Daily Mail. On the contrary the Americans con sulted every available record, and they found that with patience it was pos sible to get records covering a long period of years and covering them in detail, although all had not been kept officially or by scientists. From these observations it was es tablished that a break in the weather comes here around May 10. For this reason the full moon of May was chosen as the time when the flight should be made, as the records had promised Tuesday and Wednesday of last week brought bitter winds from the north west, which tore destroyers from their moorings in the harbor. Thursday did not bring much improvement, but on I Friday, May 9, fair weather set in, though with high winds that lasted all through Saturday. At sunset on Sat urday the wind was not too great for the planes to weather. Sunday and Monday were days as perfect as any that New York can boast and though Tuesday began with fog, the air had cleared by noon, and the afternoon was so fine that only the knowledge that conditions over the ocean would be bet ter by waiting another 24 hours made it possible for the voyagers to wait in patience. In gathering and collating the weather data, there was a union of aerographers, of naval experts, ot weather bureau officials and of the flyers, who all worked for months in digging "up the data. As has been said before, a. programme was laid out in February, and there has been surpris ing adherence to it. Date Set Approximately. The only official intimation of tTi achievement is contained in this single phrase of tho orders co-ordinating the resources of the department: It is desired to start from Trepassey on May 14. but if the planes are ready and the weather favorable a start may be made on any day after May 10. It is possible now to say that the same antecedent preparations attended all other aspects of the flight. There was a section on operations headed by Bellinger and a section on navigation headed by Towers, with Lieutenant- Commander R. E. Bird Jr. as associate, the tenure of office. We don't want to protect Incompetency. Incompetent 1 teachers are expensive at the best. One 1 poor teacher in a building burdens all J the capable teachers. We are workin for the patrons of this city of Port land, not for any board of managers. If we want anything we have the bal lot, let us use that. That the teacher is employed by the taxpayers, by labor and capital alike, was the argument advanced by a Shat tuck school teacher. She said: "We went before the taxpayers and we received liberal support. Are we now going to lose the friends we made? Let us be cautious and keep all these friends. We teach the chil dren of the laborer and the capitalist and we must consider the children' best interests." Union Benefits Are Told. That the teachers would derive bene fits if they affiliate with the Amer ican Federation of Labor was the con tention of Miss Richardson. She de clared that the people must be edu cated to higher Ideals; that there is no reason why the public should expect charity from the teachers. "They havb had it long enough," she concluded. Miss Richardson was referring to teachers' salaries as "compared with the amount of work and skill given. The history of the Chicago federation as a successful undertaking was quoted in an article written by Dr. Dewey, pro fessor of philosophy at Columbia. This answered Miss Harriett Thayer who asked if there were concrete examples where teachers had been helped by unionizing. It is possible that another meeting will be held before the end of the school term, but it is not probable that any action will be taken until after the summer vacation. CUT COMPANY GETS SITE DAILEY PRODUCTS CONCERN' TO BUILD PLANT AT VANCOUVER. "Merchandise of cJ Merit Only" 60 Women's Highest D resses H ave Deen Regular Stocks They Are of Finest Tricolettes, Georgettes and Satin and Georgette Combinations, Etc. We have grouped sixty of the loveliest afternoon and calling gowns in our regular stocks and reduced them for wearing these wonderful spring days. From prices far. far higher they are reduced. Now $33.65 Up to $93.75 Type Afternoon Repriced From Agreement Is Reached With Rail- road Company for Lease of 2 7 Acres of Land. VANCOUVER. Wash., May 21. (Spe cial.) The price which the Vancouver port commission Is to pay for the land to be used by the Dailey Clay Products company has been agreed upon between the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Rail way company and the port commission and the actual construction of the plant now only awaits acceptance by the company of the lease which the com mission has to offer. A tentative agreement setting forth the terms of the lease acceptable to the port commission was prepared yes trday by A. L. Miller, attorney, for sub mission to the products company. Ac cording to Mr. Miller, the tentative agreement provides that the products company Is to have 27 acres of land for the building site for a term of 30 years. only upon the condition that they use the land for their factory and just at soon as they cease to use it for that purpose they forfeit all their rights. The lease provides that the work of actual construction shall commence within 30 days after the signing of the lease. The tentative agreement will be submitted to attorneys for the com pany for their approval. The proposed site lies east of Van couver barracks and arrangements have been made with the railroad company for a spur to oe run to it. At a recent meeting of the Commercial club, A. L. Haley, a representative of the com pany, stated that work would begin Just as soon as the site is secured. BAN ON BEER TO BE URGED National Leaders of Prohibition Forces Plan Concerted Protest. CHICAGO. May 21. National leaders of the prohibition forces will mako a concerted protest against congressional removal of the July 1 ban on beer and light wines, as recommended by Presl dent Wilson, here next Sunday. William J. Bryan, former Governor Malcolm R. Patterson of Tennessee Richmond learson Hobson and many others have been named on a long list of speakers. TUCK FUNERAL IS TODAY Doable Services to Be Held; Brother of Man Who Died in Jail, Here. Double funeral services for Eugene Tuck and wife will be held at 4 o'clock his afternoon at the chapel of J. P. Finley & Son. Mrs. Tuck was fataaly shot in her home on the night of May 10, and Tuck died May 14 at the county Jail while being held pending invest! gation of the death of his wife. It is understood that a brother, I. J. Tuck, has reached Portland and taken charge of the burial arrangements. UNION ACTION IS DELAYED fContlnurd Krom Firwt Page.) Coos Mud Source of Profit. MARSIIFIELD, Or., May 21. (Spe cial.) A shameless rancher profiteer, who refused to divulge his name, made J36 last Sunday pulling stalled auto mobiles from the mud at the eastern and western termini of the Coos City bridge, where the rains had created a mired condition not observable until the machines plunged in over the hubs. The rancher said his team could have made twice as much had the necessary number of tourists happened along. Marriage License Issued. TACOMA. Wash., May 21. A. A. Lin der and Alice A. Howard, both of Aber deen, obtained a marriage license in Tacoma today. wonders in some places. Eight locals are in force in California, and the 79th charter for a teachers' union has just been granted at Atlanta, Ga. Ilan'y Action Is Opposed. Miss Madge Hill asked. "Is there any immediate need for our joining union? It is easy to get in, but hard to get out. I am not for or against the proposition, but I want to know more about it." The matter of a probable or possible strike was discussed and Miss Jean Richardson declared that the charters carried a no-strike clause. Miss Julia Spooner argued that if the unions sup ported the teachers tney would expect sometning in return. "If we are going to be fair and square, three months isn t too long for us to consider this matter," said Miss Spooner. "There are more than 608 of us. One hundred may know all about it. The other 500 may be like me and need information." She cautioned them against haste. .miss jMary iiarper asKed: "md you ever realize that the teachers are gov ernment officials, a part of the gov ernment? We are exempt from income tax. If we should take the weapon of the strike we would be officials strik ing at our government. I sympathize with the unions and know they do good. But we should be careful about tying ourselves hastily with too many organizations. "We are well organized now. Our problem now should be to strengthen Bangor to Bangkok To gain an idea of the im mensity of an edition of The Delineator, take a single copy and measure the length of it. It is 16 inches. In 122 pages and covers there are 63 sheets each 16 inches long. Put end to end the paper in one copy of The Delineator would therefore stretch 99 feet. But an edi tion of The Delineator con sists of a million copies, and the paper placed end to end would reach 15,909 miles, or from Bangor, Maine, around the world to Bangkok, Siam and then on to Tokio. This huge fqree among the housewives of America goes out each month. Does carry your message? The Delineator The Magazine in One Million Homes There are frocks of all types in this group; that is, of all lovely, somewhat dressy style. The most artistic models are to be found among these; frocks on unusual lines. Embroidered and simple, plain mod els Georgette with printed Georgette tunics and Georg' ettes with satin un derskirt. All the fa vored colors and models are included. The new slim silhouette mode, the draped over skirt, the graceful tunic; all are represented in the most popular and beautiful colors. In most instances just one frock of a kind. Third Floor Lipman. Wolfe & Co. Tailored Hats for the Car, for the Turf, the Street A Spring Grouping at $5 Hats for every out-of-doors occa sion, where one wants to be com fortably yet smartly hatted. These are of pineapple or fancy rough straws in black or black with natural or burnt straw facings. The shapes are regular straight sailors or drooping brimmed styles that are most becoming. Excellent variety at five dollars. Third Fir. Lipman, W olfe Sr Co. iiiPi- liifi$ Pi i i i The Comfort of a "C. B. a La Spirite" Corset is too well known to need additional emphasis. They are built scientifically to give support to the figure yet allow freedom to move and walk in perfect comfort. All the newest models required to give the fashionable spring and summer silhouette are here for all types of figures. Our expert corsetieres will find the one to suit your own individual needs. Fourth Floor Lipman. IVolfc Gr Co. 99 ON TERMS TO SUIT The "Maytag' Washing Machine will do the family washing in an amazingly short time without wear and tear of the daintiest garments. Suitable terms will be ar ranged pay for it as you do the laundress. Household Kff iciency Section, Sixth K1ot. Lipman, Wolfe & Co. OH Funeral dervlces will be conducted by Rev. H. T. Cash, pastor of Grace Bap tist church. Interment will be in Rose City cemetery. Denver Elects Xcw Major. DENVER. May 21. D.5wey C. Bailey, commissioner of safety and excise, was elected mayor of Denver today by a majority of between 4000 and 5000 over all candidates in yesterday's non-partisan municipal election, according to returns received from more than half the precincts in the city late last night. These returns pave Bailey a lead of 2202 over his principal opponent, Cass K. Herrinarton. an attorney. of the three negligible. other candidates were Irs. If. J. Porter of Leon. Kan., no ticed an old wolf around a tree stump, and when she investigated she found eight young wolves. Sho killed them The votes all and received a bounty of 32. ROSE FESTIVAL 0REG0NIANS will be the most interesting and complete issues ever published, these copies to your friends. You will want to send Five Complete Issues, Including Postage, 15c (Wednesday, June 11, to Sunday, June 15, inclusive) FILL OUT BLANK FORM AND SEND TO THE OREGONIAN. PORTLAND. OR. NAME. STREET. TOWN. STATE. 1 . ; 2 I 3 j . " I 4 . ) f 5 . 1 t j 6 7 8 . ' 9 10 I ' 11 12 The Oregonian. Portland, Or. Gentlemen: Inclosed find Wednesday. June 1 1 . to Sunday, June 1 5. (Inclose 1 5c for each name.) , . . for which mail The Rose Festival Oregonian from inclusive, to each of the above. Phone Your Want Ads to The Oregonian. Main 7070 A 6095