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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 17, 1919)
S THE.. MORNING OKEGONIAN, SATURDAY, MAY .17, 1919. Jitornhtg (Bnegmm ESTABLISH ID BT HKNBY L. PITTOCK. Published by The Orcgonian Publishing Co., loo &i:ah Street. i.-oiiiar.d. ortsun. C. A. MOKDE.V. U. li. PIPKR. Manager. - bailor. The OregonUn is a member of the' Asso ciated Proso. The Aesociated ITeu la ex , ciusively entitled to ttio ut,u for repuolica lion of all new dispatches credited to it or tint otherwise credited in this paper, and also tlii!, local news published herein. All iiAnts of republication ot fiyectal Uiatchcs herein are also reserved. Subscription rates Invariably In advance: (By Mall.) Tfuliy, Sunday included, one year pally, Sunday included, six months 4.23 jJa-liy. Sunday included, three months. . . . li.-O Uaiiy, b'ureday Included, one month ?5 Dally, without Sunday, one year 6 00 JJtt'y, without Sunday, six months. . .-" Iaiiy, without Sunday, one month. ...... Weekly, one year l.Otf Sunday, one ytar. ... . 2..M1 Sunday and weekly ii.iu (By Carrier.) lai!y. Sunday Included, one year Iai:y. Sunday include.!. o:ij moot'i Daily, Sunday included, three mouths. . . . 2 -S Daily, without Sunday, one year 7.80 Daily, without tiunday, three months ... Iajly. without Sunday, one month How to Kemit Send postoff ico money or der, express oi- personal check on your local bank, trtamps. coin or currency are at own er's risk. Give pnstorfice address in full, in cluding; county and state. footage Kateft 12 to IB pases. 1 cent: 18 to xtZ p.ics. 2 cents: o4 to 4-S pages. 3 cents to ti'j pages; 4 cents; 02 to 76i pases. 5 cents: 78 to pases, 6 cents. Foreign post as". double rates. r-oHrrn Bunin-s Orfire Verree & Conk Im, Brunswick buildins. Xew York; Verree & t onkiin. steger building. Chicago; Verree & ronklin. Free Press buiidlns. Detroit. Mich.; Han Francisco representative. Ft. J. Bidwell. EXML BURGER, Victor L. Berger, representative-elect from the fifth Wisconsin district, who is under sentence to twenty years in the penitentiary for violation of the espionage act, has published an "open letter" to "his colleagues in congress," purporting to give reasons why Tie should not be expelled because of his disloyalty. His letter is an additional and a conclusively convincing reason why he should be expelled. The whole burden of his plea is the Fame old pro-German propaganda stuff which was seen everywhere before and after the United States declared war that the war was an imperialist war by the allies, instigated by capitalists and plutocrats, to decide rivalry for world trade between Germany and Britain; that the United States joined the allies in order to save them from defeat and in order to protect the allied securities in which American capitalists had invested; that Bcrger is a socialist, and that as a socialist he opposes such wars; that he was in dicted and convicted for being a so cialist and for exercising the right of free speech and free press to oppose the war. Mr. Berger neglects to explain why, if the socialist party is opposed to an 'imperialist, capitalist" war, the so cialist party of Germany supported the war from the beginning and did not begin to oppose it until there was imminent danger of Germany's defeat, lie docs not explain why he and other American socialists, almost all of Ger man birth, supported the cause of Ger many from the beginning of the war. If, as he says, "free speech and a free press have been abolished," he fails to explain how he is able to publish his open letter and to send It through the mails. That is only a sample of the false statements with which his letter abounds, every one of which is abundantly disproved by well-known facts. Mr. Berger was not convicted of be ing a socialist. He was convicted of conspiring tith others to obstruct pros ecution of the war. He did so by writing and publishing articles which encouraged men to refuse service in the army, to resist the draft, to dis obey orders after they were drafted, to obstruct production of munitions and raising of funds for the war. He admits that, but for American inter vention, Germany would probably have won; then it follows that all his ef forts to obstruct American military effort tended toward American defeat and German victory. It is for this that he is to be punished, not for being a socialist. Many men of that political faith in this and the allied countries supported the war against Germany with all their energies. So could Mr. Berger have done if he had been loj'al, but he tries to use socialism as a cloak to hide pro-Germanism. If for no other reason, congress should expel Mr. Berger for making this threat, which he says is a "warn ing, not a threat": The capitalists - by tyrannical legislation and force may retard socialism, but then they will surely get anarchism. They will invite a cataclysm such as tbe world has never seen before a cataclysm In which their class will be simply wiped out In the end. Loyalty was a leading issue in the election of the congress which is to " organize next Monday. On that issue many former members of the house were rejected and many of the mem bers who are to take their seats were elected. A good beginning of their work will be to purge the house of tli is man who, if he could have had his way. would have hailed the victory of -the kaiser with joy. THE FERVEKTED FOURTEEN' POLNTS. President Ebert's comment on the Versailles peace terms demonstrates the danger of las-ins down lofty gen eral principles in fine but vague phrases. He now appeals to President Wilson's fourteen points against the treaty which is designed to press all of those points into the German hide. He quotes Mr. Wiison's "peace with out victory" speech against the treaty wrucn is intended to deprive Germany of the fruits of former victories. He misquotes Mr. Wilson's denunciation of "political or economic restrictions' against those provisions of the treaty which give free play to the emanci pated nations and which cut off the tentacles of German economic penc tration of other countries. Mr- Kbert's remarks arc both an ex ample of German mental and moral obliquity, which twists the utterances of an enemy" to Germany's purpose and of the danger of phrasemaking withoue due consideration of the man ner in which one's phrases may be perverted to the uses of the enemy ."o doubt it did not occur to Mr: Wil son when he said "peace without vie toiy" that those words could be in terpreted in Germany to mean peace' with all the essentials of victory for Germany in the hour of defeat, but that would be the effect if the eco nomic and reparation clauses should be struckfroni the treaty. There is no danger that the Ebert construction of the fourteen points or of "peace without victory" will pre vail, for there are men at Paris rep resenting the allies who have put their own construction on the president's language and who are determined that it shall be accepted by Germany. They know that the fourteen point were intended to work to the advan tage of other nations, not of Ger many, and they do not relent when howls of rage and pain come from east of the Khine. Nor does the furor Tcutonicus alarm them, for the beast has been rendered toothless and is therefore harmless. Still, as the various wrangling na tions of central Kurope learn the dif ference between "what Mr. Wilson meant by his "fourteen points and what they thought he meant, his popularity waxes in one quarter to wane in another. These ups and downs of fickle popular favor may remind him that a diplomat rar.ely spcaks in public and, when he does, he rarely says anything he cannot re tract or explain away. YANKEE DOODLE AND TACOMA. I The Tacoma News-Tribune, always alert for the protection of Tacoma's own revered mountain, prints on the first page of a recent issue the follow ing interesting article from Henry T. Finck in the New York Evening Post: For years I have been wag-ins a bitter war against "Yankee Doodle." the most abomin ably vulgar tune that ever evoked patriotism as the last retuKe of a scoundrel. Jt is not an American tune at all; it wax. In fact, set at first as a sons In derision of Americans. There is only one thins 'n the world that furaces me as much as this detestable, skipoy. flea-like tune, and that In the nam ing of our grandest mountain after a man who. fought Oeorse Washington Admiral Kainier instead of the Krand and musical old Indian name for it Mount Tacoma. Nearly everybody in the state of Washinit ton resents the grotesque absurdity of re taining Mount Rainier on our niaps; but the unpatriotic. un-American misnomer is forced on them by that amazinc; body in Washing ton. D. C, known as the board of Reo srapbic names, in spite of the fact that botk nouves oi tne legislature of Washington state have asked it by a large majority to make -Mount Tacoma" the official name. -louni lacoma is coming, I am sure of that, and "Yankee Doodle," thank heaven, is going. I think I am safe in saying so: for. since the war began I have not heard it played a sincle time- - ; The association of the mvthical Mount Tacoma with the real and very' live "Yankee Doodle" might seem sur prising until it is explained that Mr. I'inck was once, we believe, a resident of Oregon, where he first beheld Mount Kainier, and from the classic environ ment of Aurora started the career in musical criticism, which later gave him distinction. But when a musical writer enters the domain of geographical nomenclature, he is likely, alas! to stumble sadly. We prefer Mr. Finck's ideas on art and esthetics to his preju dices on mountains. What has become of "Yankee Doodle"? Mr. Finck is right when he says its vogue is passing or gone. It can hardly be that the reason for its dis appearance is a general knowledge of ma origin its application in derision by. the English to the continental sol diers for it was sung and played at times when America was both friendly and unfriendly to Great Britain. Its lack of musical merit is apparently the chief reason of Mr. Finck's dislike, if not oi me public neglect. Yet musical merit is no vital neces sity to a popular tune. "Yankee Doodle" was for years familiarly known in England, with other words, before it was known in America. Here is a verse: T.ucy I.oeket lost her pocket. l.ydia Fisher found it; Not a bit of moncv it it. Only blndins round it. It was even then the fashion to mnk the air a vehicle of contempt, for a loyal poet wrote of Cromwell: Nankey Doodle came to town Kidinu on a pony. With a feather in his hat. Upon a macaroni. Kainier may pass on to oblivion with "Yankee Doodle" when the amazing national geographical board ehans-es its decision, and calls it Mount Roose velt. A TW rEANTTNCr CALENDAR. . Efforts of the United States weather bureau to tabulate the phenomena of plant growth promise to yield material results provided they are. fully carried out. The common understanding that there is no such thing as a "science" of rarniing is based largely on present inability to take into account the va riation of seasons in different localities. ro tnc extent that this deficiency can bo corrected, farming will be made mora exact, and, consequently, will approach more nearly requirements of science. ' In the work now being undertaken the co-operation of a large number of accurate observers will be required. That accuracy of observation is not very common is already evident in the mass of weather and crop lore which so frequently leads growers astray. The point is illustrated by the attempt of the government to establish a rule for the planting of winter wheat in regions infested by the Hessian fly. This is explained by Andrew Delmar Hopkins in "Guides to Agricultural Research," issued by the weather bureau. The aim of farmers where danger from this pest exists should be to sow late enough to avoid damage by the insect, yet early enough so that the grain may become established against probability of loss in a severe winter. Variability of sea sons has operated against setting a hard-and-fast date. But it has been discovered by experiment that the time when the tall, late goldenrod is in full bloom and. the flowers are nearly fallen from the ornamental clematis i3 simul taneous with the calendar date for beginning the saving of wheat in a given locality, and that the timo when the flowers on the goldenrod are nearly gone is coincident with the end of the best period for planting. The writer concludes, therefore, that one or both ofthese plants will serve as a good guide for any other farm in the winter wheat belt where the goldenrod grows naturally or the clematis can be trans planted. It is not, however, assumed farmers who do not possess goldenrod or clematis will forever be without planting guides. The purpose of mak ing a nation-wide investigation is to set down all of the similar coincidences of nature which are likely to prove informative, not only to wheat farmers but to growers of other crops. Primitive men were better observers of natural events than those of modern times. The shadbush, as Mr. Hopkins points out by way of illustration, de rived its name from early recognition by settlers that when it was in bloom along the coast it was time to fish for shad. It was the Indians who dis covered that corn-planting was indi cated when the white oak leaves were the size of squirrels' ears or the dog wood began to Ehow white in the woods, but the rule as to dogwood blossoms has been found unreliable in some regions. The groundhog and the bluebird are less reliable guides tha.n some of the plants, but the latter require precision of interpretation. The farm calendar of the future may consist of a garden of flowers. "If," says Mr. Hopkins, "such guide plants do not occur on the farm they can be found among the ornamental trees and shrubs and hardy flowering plants of other localities." The periodical fall ing of the catkin of the Carolina poplar has been found to be an ex cellent guide to the general character of tbe season as compared to the aver age, while the unfolding of the leaves serves as a reliable indication of the progress of spring. But all of the ornamental . sriraeas, deu'zias, dier villas and clematis are . more or less constant in their response, and the dogwood, service berry, redwood and oak furnish other examples. Their especial value consists, in the index which they supply to 'variations of seasonal influences in each locality. That it is possible to plant most staple crops too early, or too late for best results is well known. The pre cision with which the farmer can judge his planting time often determines the issue of profit or loss. Tabulation by trained observers, covering the whole country and a sufficient period of time, will do much to eliminate uncertainty from agriculture. But it must not be assumed that we are near the goal. Some 40,000 reports have Been col lected as to winter wheat alone, and a great number of other crops have not yet been touched. Farmers will derive both pleasure and profit from co operation with the government in an undertaking so clearly in the interest of a great industry. I WHAT GERMANY l.OSES. Discussing the territorial losses which Germany will suffer under the peace terms, the New York Tribune belittles them by saying: This reduction looks more serious than IT is. In an economic and military sense Ger many is only eliehily crippled by her ter ritorial losses. The parts amputated are on the outer fringes of the German state. Ex cepting the small area of .the fcaar valley and the Briev mineral region in Lorraine, no Important industrial districts are alienated. On the contrary. Germany will be seriously crippled in an economic sense and, consequently, in a military sense. The Briey iron mines were not in Ger many, but in-France; and were one of the most precious pieces of plunder f6r which Germany fought. The Lor raine iron mines will be lost, also those of Silesia, which together produce 70 per cent of Germany's domestic supply of iron ore. Germany will also lose the coal mines of both of those prov inces as well as the Saar valley, pro ducing probably half or the empire's fuel. Other losses wil! be the beet sugar fields and factories of Posen and west Prussia, which are the chief source of German supply and exports, and the grain and livestock output of those provinces, which is larger in pro portion to area than that of the rest of Prussia. . Other losses will be the zinc and lead mines of Silesia. Without an abundant supply of steel and coal a nation cannot fight long, and the loss of the territory containing tnese materials practically disarms Germany. With the provinces west of the Rhine in allied occupation, the Krupp steel works '.at Essen will be within thirty or forty miles of the allied lines, and a French army would have little farther to go in order to reach them than the Germans had to go from the frontier in order to reach Liege. The absolute loss of area by Ger many will be 34,437 square miles. If the popular vote in the Saar valley, Schleswig and east Prussia should go against it, there would be a further loss of 0S10 square miles, making the total one-fifth. But the real test is the quality of the square miles that are lost. That which Germany and Austria lose will build up France, Czecho-Slovakia and Poland into great steel-producing states, which may use, to curb Germany in the next war, the materials on which that country relied to win world power. POLAND'S ABJIt AGAINbT BOLSHEVISM. When the final campaign against Russian bolshevism is fought, the Polislf army of General Halter, which has been transported from 'the west front across Germany to Poland, may play as important a part as the Siberian army ot Admiral Kolchak. It will be interesting to Americans to know that, a great rart .13 composed of American Poles. The first unit consisted of men who volunteered to aid France in 1915 and who have fought in the west ever since. After the United States entered the war their numbers were swelled by Poles from America, who compose -the greater part of the first two divisions. Other divisions have been formed of American Poles and of German pris oners of Polish blood and sentiment, and of the very large number of Poles who were taken prisoners when the Austrian army broke up in Italy, who may form three more divisions. There are two divisions comprising 16.000 to 18,000 men in Siberia, about 3000 at Odessa and a battalion at Archangel, to which many of the Poles scattered through Russia rallied. These troops organized on the west front have been equipped and offi cered mainly by the French, and Gen eral Haller acknowledges Marshal Foch as his commander in Poland as in France. They will compose the main strength of the new republic's army and will complete an unbreken front opposing the bolshevtsts from the gulf of Finland in the north to the Black sea on the south, other sections being held by the Esthonians and Lithuanians on their left and the Ukrainians and Roumanians on their right. v The bolshevists are thus under at tack on all four sides. Though thev have the advantage of interior lines of communication which was pos sessed by the Germans, it will profit them little. They have no horse or motor transport, and the railroads are dilapidated, so that swift movement from one front to another is impos sible. THE REWARDS OF AUTHORSHIP. An ingenious automobile salesman has made a brief, for the automobile as a stimulative influence upon the cultural arts, particularly literature It had been asserted by someone that the automobile was a time-destroyer, that it induced love of ease, militated against sustained hard work and in vited procrastination. But' the sales man points out that, even if these things are true, the automobile also has enormously increased the profits of authorship. How? By so greatly increasing the incomes of magazines through their advertising departments that they can afford to pay authors sums which in a less prosperous era would have been impossible. And since the author who cannot sell his manuscript for a good price can hard ly hope to own an automobile, and owning no. automobile is not subject to the temptations which follow in its train, there, is an even chance that he will acquire the work habit before he becomes too prosperous. In any event, the output of some of our best known authors would seem to show that, whether they own their own cars or not, they manage to devote at least a reasonable time to labor. It probably is true that the average rewards of authorship are greater now than they have been at any previous time in history. We are unwilling to give the automobile advertisement all the credit for this. The habit of read ing is more widespread than it ever has been, though it pernors is less dis criminating. But long before the au tomobile was perfected, authorship occasionally was well paid. Byron was a money maker. Thomas Moore is generally credited with having ' re ceived 3000 guineas for "Lalla. Rookh," which was a good-sized sum in that day, even for a poem as long as the pending peace treaty. Milton's sale of "Paradise Lost" for $24, and Dr. Johnson's begging search for a patroii for his dictionary, are only one side of the shield. Sir Walter Scott and Mark Twain digging out of moun tains of debt by the writing route, even the $200,000 estate left by James Whltcomb Riley, who was not much helped by automobile advertising, are needed to give a fair balance to the account. Forty thousand dollars paid to Scott for "Woodstock" will com pare favorably with most of the prices paid for literature today. O. Henry, who is said to have commanded 22 cents a word hardly did better than that, quantity considered. It seems that authorship has been unevenly, rather than poorly, paid, taking one year with another. By the exclusive standard of merit, of course, William Shakespeare would head the list of authors receiving large in comes. A writer in "Studies in Phil ology," published by the University of North Carolina, . has looked into the earning power of the svm of Avon. He finds that as manager, Shakes peare probably received about 90 a year, with an additional 30 for the use or his dramas, and another 150 a year for his share of the profits of the Globe and Blackfriars theaters. Miscellaneous .income, is .set down as 75, making. a total of 325, which in American, money amounts to about $1625. But it is reckoned also that the purchasing power of moncv in h. time of Queen Elizabeth was just about ",e times as great as It was before the European war began. On this basis, his income was equal to that- of an author who In 1914 was receiving $8125; and if we accept the estimate that the present dollar is worth only 47 cents by the pre-war standard, Shakespeare's income would be equal in round figures to about $17,300 to day. It will be borne in mind, of course, that not all of the sum he re ceived should be credited to author ship; yet there are not, after all, many modern authors who are in receipt of compensation from ail sources greatly in excess of that. The only phase with which sticklers for exact justice will quarrel will be the circumstance that, merit considered, the gap is very wide I1IUCCU. There probably never will be dis covered a way to insure for authors the money rewards to which the ap preciation of posterity would entitlo them. The only way ever devised to induce the present generation to pay is to. please the present generation. Tennyson was ideally popular in his own lifetime. The story, moreover, that his publishers on engaging to pay him f20.000 a year for all the prod ucts of his pen complained frequent ly that they were not getting their money's worth, is believable enough. There have been other geniuses who slackened the pace when the spur was taken away. We suspect that O. Henry might have written nothing at all worth mentioning if he had been guaranteed $100,000 a year. Long fellow, and Hawthorne, and J. G. Hol land, and other Americans who were popular in their own generation, lived "comfortably." but without ostenta tion. The author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin," the greatest American best seller, was fairly but not extravagant ly rewarded. It is possible that in the era of automobile advertising they might have fared better. But it also must be remembered that along with the automobile hps come the motion Picture, and that the additional "rights" which attend it are valuable. It is easy to believe that the screon directors would have come down handsomely in royalties for ".The Scarlet Letter" or "Uncle Tom's Cab in" if there had been film dramas in the early fifties.- No one will doubt that any develop ment which makes money more acces sible to writers would bo altogether pleasant from the writers' standpoint. Yet association of financial uneru barrassment with quality production remains undemonstrated. Poe, who always was hard up, still stands near the very top of the line of creators of distinctively American literature. Ste phen Phillips, whose poems in 1917 won the prize of the London Academy for the best verse of the year, and who left an estate of $25. in all likelihood would have produced nothing to sur pass his "Christ in Hades," and Milton would unlikely have done better than he did if "Paradise Lost" had been quoted at $2 a word, which was paid a noted ex-president and naturalist for the account of his adventures in Africa. The mysterious donor'of $750,000 half his fortune to the Methodist cen tennial f.und is said to be a western man, and his request that his name be withheld rather confirms tha belief, for the western man is as modest as ha is generous. When Henry Ford's libel suit against the Chicago Tribune is finished, we shall know all about the workings ot Uncle Henry's mind from the sending of the peace ship to the slackerism of son Edsel. The Rickrcall boy. who "went in" last week and died of pneumonia was the first of the season and, it is to be hoped, the last. The penalty takes away all the glory of an early swim. If Germany is depending on the American people for modification, she will find nothing doing. The Amer ican people are remembering the Lusi tania, Tuscania and other boats. Deposits in Portland banks are more than $130,000,000 and loans and dis counts equal two-thirds. Portland, is still on the prosperity high-road. Holland may not have been asked to surrender the kaiser, but may have received a hint to say to him: "Here's your hat; what's your hurry?" The American troops are expected to be out of Germany by July 1 unless something happens, though Foch is able to handle the situation. When Uncle Sam goes forth with the stars and stripes in one hand and a loaf of pure wheat bread in the other, the world is his. - Pretty much all labor in Winnipeg is on strike except those who cook tho food and "pack" the water. If tho Hun starts fighting there will bo no more of Germany when ho stops. A dirigible- is a balloon that "goes,' and she does. At least C-5 has rr-.ne. r5 has e-.ne Those Who Come and Go. "After shipping talmon to the Ha waiian islands and to Australia for six yours. 1 went to the Frascr river and wound up building boats and operating a cannery down in Lincoln county." says Captain Henry Nice of Waldport. "After selling my ship on the Atlantic coast I came west and landed in ban Francisco with $6. In ten months I accumulated $1400, and came to Port land in 1S70. For half a dozen years T fished, and with my traps near St. Helens It was a common thins; to take out from 10OO to 1500 fish a day. These I salted and shipped to Australia and the Sandwich islands." Between fish ing and building boats the captain kept busy and accumulated a bank acount. "I was offered 150 acres this side of Mount Tabor for $1200, but I didn't want to go ranching." continued the captain. "Had I invested, it would have made me a millionaire." How ever, Captain Nice still has a chance of beinir a Rockefeller, for they are borlns lor oil near Alsea, and one drill Is down 1500 feet. "Klcven and a quarter cent a pound for fii-h makes it awkward fiBuring." rsys E. I. Ballash of St. Helens. "This is the same price that the fishermen were paid last year. The price was figured oat by a college professor. I wish he had wnnde it II cents flat or ll'i cents. The fishlr.tr season has opened well, although the run of sal mon are principally small. The big ones come in July or thereabouts, and last year I received seven salmon each weighing more than 70 pounds. Tho biggest salmon I have seen this sea son was 45 pounds. There are fisher men who have taken three tons of fish since the season opened the first of the month, which Klves an idea of the run."" Two of the charter members of Mult nomah engine company attended the 63d anniversary of the organization at its dinner in the Imperial Thursday ntght. One was J. J. Ootthardt and the other Charles H. Dodd, and the latter was master of ceremonies. Multnomah company was on Second street, between Oak and Pine, next to the police ela tion, and it saw service in the hand pump days before thex new-fangled coffee-pot engines were imported and before anyone thought of such a thing as a chemical or a motor-driven engine. Three hundred thousand dollars' worth of umbrellas aro sold annually in Portland, according to ' umbrella salesmen who make this territory. Aus tin McNamara. one of the four big raln stick drummers who come here, is at the Kenson. On this babls. it costs every man, woman and child in Port land about $1 a year for umbrellas, but the figures are deceiving, inasmuch as a large proportion of the $300,000 worth are disposed -of to jobbers, who sell them throughout the state and In parts of Washington and Idaho, where there Is more than a trace of precipitation. Boss of the billboards. George W. Klei.-er arrived in town yesterday morning, registered at the Benson and left out for San I'rancieco last night. Onco upon a time he claimed Portland as his home, but In recent years he has established his headquarters In San Francisco. Mr. Kleiscr Is returning from a business trip to the east. He says that the billboard business was not the best In the world durinsr the war. but the signs show Improvement. Incidentally, he Is an ardent believer in signs. Cranberry growers intend telling the world that they have something to of fer. E. S. Ben of Aberdeen. Wash president of the South Beach Cranberry company, is at the Hotel Portland, where he has been meeting representa tives from the various cranberry grow ing sections, of the Pacific coast rela tive to an "advertising policy for the coming season. The industry is as suming large proportions. Percy A. Cupper, superintendent of one of the water divisions. Is at the Imperial. This is an elective office which the electorate votes on every so often and probably not one voter in a thousand knows what the duties of a water superintendent are. or what the qualifications of a candidate should be. or what salary he gets or how the slate is divided into water districts. Capturing tho sheriff of Malheur county, a bunch of doughboys had a lot of fun with H. Lee Noe yesterday. Sheriff Noe. who Is registered at the Imperial, ran into a crowd of soldier boys from his county and they wanted news about everyone In Vale and On tario and Jordan Valley and the rest of the centers of population. For years Noe was town marshal at Ontario. Ben M. Collins, an auto dealer of Grants Pass, is at the Imperial, where he met his sister, Mrs. Lillian Williams of Springfield, III., and .Mrs. Anna Bald win of St. Louis. After takmc the visitors over the Columbia highway and showing them the sights of Port land. Mr. Collins will pilot his guests to the metropolis of Josephine county. "Roosevelt Hichway, Tillamook," is the address written by H. II. Rosen berg, who came to town yesterday. Mr. Rosenberg is the chairman of Tilla mook county for the highway propa ganda and he has sent out a letter to every taxpayer in Tillamook, and to non-resident taxpayers as well. . George M. Cohan placed New Rochellc on the map when he wrote "Forty-Five Minutes from Broadway." J. R. Stokes, who Is at the Multnomah, comes from that suburb of Broadway. It might be remarked in passing that the residents of New Rochelle never wcro enthusi astic over the way their town was de picted by G. Michael Cohan. W. E. Schimpff of Astoria is at the Hotel Portland with his wife. Mr. Schimpff is interested In cranberries and has been secretary of the Oregon Cranberry Growers' association since it was organized and this week he was re-elected to the post. lie used to gather the big- squashes and pumpkins and other vegetables and have a corking big county fair at Klamath Falls, did H. Roland Glalsyer. who Is at the Imperial. Mr. Glalsyer is no longer agricultural county apent in Klamath, but he made thlugs hum while he was on the job. Horatio Weatherford of Hamilton, is at the Imperial. Hamilton is an old settlement in the northern part of Grant 'county, which has a popula tion of 100 when ereryone is at home, which isn't often, as there is a daily stage to Heppner. O. Nettleton checked out of the Perkins and sailed op the Cokesct as an operator yesterday. The .Cokeset Is one of the government-built boats just finished in Portland harbor. One of the rock-ribbed democrats of the state Is John II. Smith of As toria. Mr. Smith, who is registered at the Multnomah, is In town on business. M. H. Church of Kennewlck. Wash., interested tn the grape juice industry, is at the Perkins. Tariff Change Since 1913. OAKLAND. Or., May 14. (To the Ed itor.) Please explain the laws of the protective tariff for the United States the principal events from 1913 to pres ent time. 1 D. R. P. The general revenue law of 1916 put crude coal tar and certain distillates on the free littt and added a number of chemicals and dyesturTs to the dutiable list, altered the tariff on printing pa per and created a tariff commission of six members to investigate and report upon the effect of customs laws upon Industry anu labor. Hop By Grnce TZ. Hall. Some days seem very rich and full. with joy quite bulMing o'er. Were we to gain a wish 'twere vain to even ask for more; No cloud to mar. no word to rear the heart with rapture sings. We thrill with life until some strife darts in on poisoned wings. Some days seem very dark and gray, with ne'er a gleam in sight. Each leaden hour but add its power to put our joys to flight; We turn our gar.e towards fon and haze there is no safety zone. Until a voice bids tis rejoice Hope leaves us not alone! DEPOT BRIGADE? WAMS riKI-KASR Civilian Replacement la but Matter of JuHtice, Smju Soldier. CAMP LEWIS. Wash., May 15. (To the Editor.) There are, at the present time, about 150 men enlisted for the period of the emergency, as are all others, on duty in the 166th depot brigade, which is the demobilization center of this camp. The hope is held out that approximately 5" of these men will-be discharged within tho near fu ture. The prospect before those that do remain Is that they will undoubtedly be kept in the service until four months after the proclamation of peace. Before the close of four monthi, it is expected that congress will be able to remedy the .situation. How will congress remedy-it? By empowering the war de partment to hold" us longer? If that is not to be the remedy, why cannot some remedy of replacement be souKht now? We 250 men are employed as clerks, stenographers and typists, cooks and waiters, janitors, messengers, helpers In the canteen, etc. Why cannot we be replaced by civilians and be permitted to (to back to our professions or busi ness enterprises or to cookinir or typ ing, as the case may be, and as freo men? ,4 Civilians are being introduced in other departments of the army service but are being dented to the depot brigade. A telegram sent out by the war department April 23. authorized the replacement of enlisted men by civilians in camp headquarters, the labor battalion, camp utilities. fire truck and hose company, motor trans port corps, camp sanitary detachment and the ordnance depot. But it express ly stated that such replacement was not authorized in the depot brigade. Why cannot we be replaced also? I susnect three arguments: The argument of economy, the argument of efficiency ana tne argument that we are not suf fering: loss by being kept here. Economy! It is estimated that it would cost approximately $125 a month tor the replacement of each of us. and If the demobilization process should be slowed up, expenses would be increased. But it is inconceivable that the govern ment would deliberately choose to Save money by takiner it out of tho Dockets 'of 250 young men who are not rich, and who already have given from 8 months to 14 months to the service. It is admitted that the demobilization center is most efficient, discharging all men in less then 48 hours from the time ot their arrival most of thetn in leM than 24 hours; but the achievement is an achievement of organization and not of individual effort. For a few months ago. with four times the force, -the discharge process cov ered a week. Each man is now dotnc some small routine piece of work, which he could quickly teach to an other, and which is strictly non-military in its nature. As to the loss we suffer; married men and men with other dependency claims already have been discharged, it is true, but how about the man w ith a position to go to, or a business of his own to manage? Or the man who wants to marry? Or with ambitions for n career? Or who simply desires his liberty? Not all losses are pecuniary. We men laid down our liberties vol untarily for the sake of the liberties of the world. The assumption was that those liberties -would be restored to us as quickly as possible. We laid down our liberties voluntarily, I say. though we are drafted men. for the draft Idea was so skillfully and admirably kept in the background that we all came into tlu service in the volunteer spirit. But these dragging months are taking that volunteer spirit from us. and that is one of our greatest losses: such loss is Injurious to our citizenship, and detri mental to the-country. SOLDIER. Mail for Prisoners. COTTAGE GROVE, Or.. May 14. (To the Editor.) Can a friend writo to a friend in the Washington state prison? Where is It and the address ot such prison? Can one send any presents to help cheer the lonely hours ami are they sure to reach the prisoner? D. D. For regulations governing mail of in mates of Washington penitentiary write to warden State Penitentiary, Walla Walla, Wash. "Do You Want This Man or His Job?" Such is the question that Anna Steese Richardson presents to American girls, through the medium of a special article in the maga zine section of The Sunday Orcgonian. "Behind the arguments of the hour concerning equal pay for men and women, and the right of women to hold the man's job, secured under the war conditions, lies ther big, vital question of every woman's happiness," asserts Miss Richardson. In treating of this modern problem, part and rarcel of the recon struction era, the writer deals with a huge issue with rare discern ment. Read it. It is Portland's problem. It is the problem of all American cities. UNDER THE OCEAN BED FROM ENGLAND TO FRANCE Eorn of the world war, there is strong sentiment in England for the establishment of a tunnel beneath the channel, connecting the Eng lish coast with the continent by rail. A project long dreamed of, heretofore thrust aside by the English as a menace in case of war, it now seems near realization. Had there been such a tunnel when Germany first threatened Belgium, British troops could have been landed without delay, the U-boat would have been powerless to prevent troop movements, and the Prussian menace would have hesitated ere it threw down the gauntlet for war. A special story in The Sunday Orcgonian, with illustrations. DANCE TO BE WELL Comes now the modern man of medicine and hygiene, not only inclined to view the dance with favor, but actually to prescribe it for the well being of his patients. In the Sunday issue appears a special article by Barbara Craydon, citing eminent authority to the effect that dancing is conducive to health and happiness.' It's a good yarn, and a convincing one, and it ought to prove an unanswerable argument against the Puritan-visaged as- sertion that to trip the light fantastic toe is most reprehensible. "WITH THE HELP OF GOD AND A FEW MARINES" Another in stallment of Brigadier-General Catlin's tensely dramatic and well told story of the fight at Chateau-Thierry, when his regiment, with others, stemmed the German advance toward Paris and definitely turned the tide of war against the Hun. Time will come when the Catlin record will stand as a splendid example of history as it should be written ckar, concise, authoritative, and filled with the actual vigor of the fight itself. In the Sunday issue. AMONG US MORTALS W. E. Hill, crayon artist extraordinary, has surpassed himself, if that were possible, in this Sunday's page of folks. It is entitled "Reconstruction," and it sets forth in whimsical fashion the various dilemmas and doctrines of the day, through the presentation of certain fellow citizens. There isn't a one of them that you won't recognize. Hill's page in the big Sunday issue is one of the stellar features of high-class illustrating in America, enhanced by his broad conception of men and matters. All the News of All the World THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN In Other Days. Twenty-Five Years Ago. From Tli" Orrgonlun of May 17. J?!4. Washington. All but the final step has been taken for the admission of Utah as a state. Pendleton. The National Bank of Pendleton closed its doors this morn Ins. Tho deposits are rate hut the stockholders will suffcj" heavily. The commencement season of the Portland university has opened aus piciously, pradtiatlon exercises of th Fhool of theology having been held Monday. A mcrtinc: of the Portland Free Kin dergarten iissocintion board which now has . four schools running, was held yesterday. Fifty irari Ace, From The OrrRonian of May 17. 1S:. Chicago. Tt is announced here that Bon Wade has been appointed one of tho Bovernment directors of the Union Pacific railroad, vice D. Webster, re signed. Cincinnati. The national encamp ment of the G. A. R. assembled today. General en spoke, congratulating the organization on its success. Because of unfavorable weather Sat urday the Turn Vereins postponed their annual picnic until next Sunday. A preliminary meeting to make ar rangements for celebration of th Fourth will be held this evening in tho council chamber. 0 WIDE DOOR FOR UHIGRATIO.V Trnnnfer Europeans Now In Oar Slums to the Land, Sy Correspondent. WOODBURX. Or.. May 14. (To the Editor.) In the daily papers and lead ing magazines the question of immi gration is being presented. So far I have seen no loyal support of the bill lately passed by congress nor do I know how the fathers of the bill define illiteracy, but to my mind there are other features which make for or against as desirable citizens. A family arriving in New York with little or no money, only clothes enouph for the im mediate present, no definite destina tion and no vocational knowledge ex cepting the crude agricultural knowl edge of Europe, is altogether a very undesirable acquisition. To such people wo owe tho slum conditions of our large cities. We are not a wise people if we in vite Germany, war crazed and vicious minded. The Germans have made room for themselves on their own foil by the slaughter of millions. They have their soil unsullied by war and God sends tho sunshine and rain as always. To Hoover 1 would say let them work out their own economic problems on their own soil by their own labor. And although we deeply grieve for and with the oppressed nations of Eu roops, the Fame conditions obtain with them. They have fewer citizens, more elbow room and "God is In hia heaven, all's rlcht with the world." Let us get bufv with tho back-to-the-soil move ment at home and relieve the congested condition of our laree cities by placins the former citizens of Europe in famil iar environs. We are not a wise people if we throw wide the doors of immi gration now. This is the opinion of a descendant of generations of American citiien. IDA BRENNEN. ItOBlX VERSUS ALARM CLOCK. Harsh and grating, loud, discordant. Clangs tho clock at break of day. Jars your liver, sends a shiver Up and down your vertebra. You can almost hato your parents. Gloomy thoughts come surging up. You could right 'cm, scratch and bite 'em. Like a measly poisoned pup. Now another note Is wafted On the early morning air. It is very glad and merry. Makes you cease Vo rave and tear. 'Tis the robin's cheery warble Not a hint of doom or fear. This brave fellow is not yellow. Dauntless sings hi sang of cheer. And you sink back for a. moment. Calm and peaceful, and you feci That you'd rather not bito mother. And the world seems bright and real. Yet you say he Is a robber Steals your cherries off tho tree; You'll feel bigger if you figure That is but his salarv. WILLIAM VAN GROCS. Not Lawful. ILWACO. Waih.. May 14. (To the Editor.) Is there a law In the state of Washington against using a previously recorded ear mark by persons on ad joining stock farms? J. G. Yes. t