10
THE MORNING OEEGONIAN, SATURDAY, MAT 10, 1919.
ill Amine (Bwgamatt
ESTABLISHED BI HEXBT L. riTTOCa.
Published bv Tr, rrp-nntnn Pnhlinhinir Co.
135 Sixth Street, Portland, Oregon.
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WHAT IS EVTOXICATIO'T
From the affidavits filed in connec
tion with the suit instituted in New
York to determine the right of brewers
to manufacture beer containing 2.75
per cent of alcohol may be obtained
satisfying: information as to exactly
liow much alcohol is required to in
toxicate. The affidavits are from, an imposing
array of scientists, at least two of
whom rely upon investigations made
by the central control board of Great
Britain to determine the physiological
effect of alcohol.
The central control board finds that
to produce "mild intoxication" a man
must have in his blood 15 hundredths
of 1 per cent of alcohol. The average
amount of blood in the body of the
average man- has been scientifically
established; From this basis it has
been calculated that to produce a state
of "mild intoxication" the man of
stverage weight would have to take at
once nearly a gallon of 2.75 beer, a
quantity in excess of the capacity of
the stomach. It is also asserted that
when taken in such diluted form the
body has opportunity to deal with or
oxidize alcohol as it is absorbed, so
continued drinking to the stomach's
capacity will not intoxicate when such
a mild beer is taken.
ft might be hastily concluded that
this ought to be a very satisfactory
scientific finding for all interested. If
mild beer will not produce mild in
toxication why should one wish to
drink it and why should the brewers
insist on manufacturing it? The manu
facturer of beer containing no alcohol
and the retailer of the beverage will
solemnly assure the doubtful customer
that as to taste one cannot detect the
difference between near-bear and real
beer. All that near-beer lacks, as the
hoary joke goes, is "authority." So,
again, if 2.75 beer is just like near
beer in effect, why the insistence upon
its manufacture?
The answer is implied in other affi
davits. That of a Brooklyn beer gar
den proprietor is illustrative. In the
past year his sales of 2.75 beer ap
proximated 1,881,500 glasses. Others
make oath ' to having witnessed per
sons at their meals, rlrink ast matnr ass
ten or twelve glasses of this beer with
out becoming intoxicated. One of the
nuMeea ot a cjuo swears: "i am a
drinker of this beer and frequently
consume as many as from ten to
twelve glasses a day.- It has never in
any way intoxicated me, nor has it
impaired my. faculties."
Nothing like this testimony could be
produced in behalf of beer containing
no alcohol. A glass or two of that
beverage does not give a roseate tinge
to dull existence or inspire on to
.-in w i l, wme on, uuys; let s nave
another." He who would habitually
or frequently drink twelve glasses of
near-beer a day or during a mea!
would in most cases be considered
mentally defective. The mere admis
sion that one frequently drinks twelve
glasses of real beer In a day or at a
sitting is evidence in itself that his
faculties are impaired. It is not the
taste, it is the "authority" that gratifies
or exhilarates.
There you have it. If beer contains
no alcohol the drinker is satisfied with
a glass or two. If it contains alcohol
he wants ten or twelve. In consuming
mild beer he is ever in pursuit of in
toxication, but is always left just short
of accomplishment.
The war prohibition act prohibits
manufacture of intoxicating liquors.
Just what the British learned society,
which discovered the exact quantity of
alcohol required to intoxicate, means
by "mild intoxication" is nowhere dis
closed in the data at hand. It may
or it may not fit our own legal defini
tion, if there is such a thing. In any
event, there is obviously something
wrong with a man's mentality or his
appetite when he habitually drinks ten
or twelve glasses of liquid at a meal
or even in the course of a day. No one
has yet produced a beverage contain
ing no alcohol on deleterious drug
which promotes such a craving. The
brewer can, as already stated, make
a beverage which has all the tongue
taste of real beer but it does not pro
duce the progressive appetite. With
alcohol in it he can sell ten or twelve
times as much. But it does not in
toxicate. Dear, no. It only robs a
man of his common sense and makes
a hog of him.
BELA KIN AND OTHERS.
The power of Eela Kun is waning
in Hungary, and the most humiliat
ing fact about the situation for the
Magyar nobles must be that he ha
caused their country to be overrun
and their capital threatened by the
nations which they have long de;
ispised and oppressed as inferior peo
pie the Czechs, Slovenes and Rou
raanians. These nations not only have
had the audacity to rebel against the
superior race and to trim its territory
to the dimensions of a petty state, but
they now close in on its particular
domain and menace its capital.
Thus Bela Kun bids fair to be added
to the list of short-lived celebrities,
which includes "Wat Tyler and Jack
Cade in English history, Eugene V.
Debs in American history, the leaders
of the Jacquerie rebellion in France
of the peasants" revolt in Germany
and of the Paris commune of 1871
But for the backing of Germany the
weakness of Kerensky and the inac
tion of the allies, Lenine and Trotzky
would long ago have been added to
the same list, dui tneir days, too, are
numbered.
It often has happened in times of
great distress, of world-wide disturb
ance or of weak or vicious govern
ment that such hideously grotesque
characters as Bela Kun acquire a
great following and suddenly rise to
great power, but their reign is brief.
Their theories are usually so false
that they either provoke the instinc
tive opposition of the great mass of
sober-thinking people, or their fallacy
is proved by experience and brings
about revolt. One consoling thought
about the sad plight of Russia is that
ts people were so densely ignorant of
the essence of democracy and were
so intoxicated by the sudden acquisi
tion of freedom from autocracy that
ucn an experience may have been
necessary to put them in the frame of
mind to organize a decent government.
So also the rule of Bela Kun mav
prove a stage in the evolution of Hun
gary into a real republic.
GC1XT.
The doctrine of mental irresponsi
bility, advanced plausibly for Ruth
Garrison, is not new. Nothing is new
to ingenious ahd resourceful lawyers.
A woman, a tender-hearted Jury, tear
ful relatives in court, a maudlin pub
lic, all are the staple stage accessories
of a trial for murder where the facts
are troublesome, and the law and its
processes are inexact. The alienists.
too, are in full bloom. They are there
with their fine-spun theories, their
learned diagnoses, and their polysylla
bic terminology. It .is all most im
pressive. One of the scientists in the Garrison
trial, who had evolved a great idea
about the Garrison girl's incapacity to
know right from wrong, was confronted
by a matter-of-fact lawyer who asked
this question:
Do you mean to say that you could show
us four or five girls there (insane asylum)
who could deliberately plan for an hour and
a nan ana make all detailed preparation for
poisoning, arrange the meeting, pour the
poison on the food, ask the victim after
ward what the matter was when convul
sions began, then calmly telephone her aunt
and attempt to conceal her act by disposing
of the poison In the toilet bowl, and deny
knowledge of the act until evidence In
criminating her was produced?
Such questions, evolved from the
sordid record of a great crime, tend
to destroy all the palliative pleas in
the world. Can there be intelligent
premeditation for crime without con
sciousness that the planned- deed is
wrong, and that the perpetrator must
be held accountable? What Is guilt?
n is a tavorite dogma of the alienists
that nobody is quite sane. Probably
it Is true, if the standard of sanity is
that every conscious act must be 100
per cent normal. Probably it is true,
too, that most criminals are in some
degree defective In mind as they are
in morals. But there are few, precious
few, who do not know that there are
certain rules of personal behavior
which must be obeyed, under certain
clear penalties. Society is lax when it
does not, for its own protection, insist
that its laws are to be respected by
all alike.
A doctor asked Ruth Garrison "what
are three differences between a presi
dent and a king?" and because, after
some reflection, she gave the childish
answer "they dress differently," the
expert verdict was that she had the
mentality of a child. An older person,
of undoubted intelligence, might have
been puzzled to give three satisfactory
answers to such a test. The same
interrogation, asked of 100 persons on
the street, would surely develop a
great and astonishing diversity of in
formation. A hundred differences,
perhaps, exist. One of them is that
they dress differently.
But, however foolish the Garrison
girl's answer to such a question, she
would clearly not have gone far'astray
if, before her crime was committed.
she had been asked to give a definition
of a deed where one woman through
jealousy sets a trap for another woman
and wickedly kills her. It is murder.
THE FIRST PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Fifty years ago today, on May 10.
1869, the first transcontinental rail
way In the United States was com
pleted. The date is a momentous one,
even to Oregonlans, because, although
the Pacific northwest did not reap the
full benefit immediately, the great
venture undoubtedly paved the. -way
for other ventures which connected us
with the world east of us. Our own
pioneers, who had begun railroad
building on a small scale as early as
1868, needed the stimulus of the
greater enterprise. It is a mistake to
assume that Oregon is concerned only
with 188 3 as its railway landmark.
It was on that date that we obtained
railway connection with the older
states, but this would hardly have been
probable if it had not been for the
earlier efforts of pioneer builders and
financiers.
Growth of population of Oregon was
immensely stimulated by the driving
of the golden spike in Wyoming half
a century ago. There were 90,923 in
habitants in the state In 1870; the
population by 1880 had increased to
174,768. We were beginning to feel
the effects of an overflow from Cali
fornia. The gold rush to the latter
tate had attracted two classes of
people those who in the spirit of ad
venture sought only the sudden wealth
to be acquired from the mines, and
another and more substantial sort-
moved by desire to found homes in a
new country. Oregon drew from both,
but more largely from the latter class.
Oilr mining boom never reached the
proportions of that in California, but
our agriculture and our more substan
tial industries developed more rapidly
than those of our neighboring state.
We gained a definite if a reflected
benefit from the great travel toward
California -which followed completion
of the enterprise of Oakes Ames and
his associates in the. first transcontl
nental railroad.
Choice of the . route of the first
Pacific road may have been largely
determined by the buffalo. When the
project was first broached there was
an influential party which favored the
southern route, and it was Thomas H.
Benton who pointed out that the wise
location engineer would not ignore the
lesson taught by the early denizens of
the great -plains. The central route,
he said, had been designated by the
buffaloes in prehistoric times'. "It is,"
he added, "the choice of free men and
buffaloes, and is good for all sorts of
roads and in all seasons." The south
ern route, on the other hand, he de
clared, was traveled only by persons
bound on government errands and at
government expense. It was a route
over which "no buffalo could be made
to go, even by the power of the gov
ernment." He added:
That sensible old animal would die before
he would be made such a fool of as to be
conducted to the Sacramento, or the San
Joaquin, -or San Francisco, via the hyper
borean region of upper Canada or New Cale
donia, or via the burning deserts of Sonora
and Chihuahua. People now travel the cen
tral route and praise it; buffalo travel it
and repeat their travel, which Is their
praise.
The buffalo won the day, with what
effect upon the permanent direction
of travel It will not require a seer to
realize. A great deal depended for the
entire Pacific coast upon demontra-
tion of the practicability of the first
enterprise. There were only 30,626
miles of railroad in the entire United
States in 1860. This had been In
creased in 1880 to 93,262 miles, and
the era of steam railway construction
had fairly begun.
The half century of development
which has followed the driving of the
last spike on the Union Pacific railroad
is familiar enough to those who now
enjoy its benefits, but who do not al
ways appreciate their blessings. It has
reduced the time of the journey from
a few months to as many days, has
eliminated every hardship and has lit
erally transformed a land which east
erners looked upon as a desert into a
community capable of supplying food
stuffs to the world.
TODAY'S ELXCIIOJT.
The school board has to a great ex
tent clarified the issue over the pro
posal for the taxpayers to vote the
teachers a bonus of $531,000 for the
year 1920. The teachers are entitled
to have the question fairly understood
and fairly determined. So are the
taxpayers.
The plan is now for a horizontal
raise of all salaries for 1920 princi
pals and teachers alike in the sum of
$400 fof each. The Committee of One
Hundred, impressed by the merit of
the plea that teachers' pay was inade
quate, had recommended- $200 each.
But the board found no way to modify
the resolution which the voters are to
adopt, or reject. The board will con
strue it to mean $400 or nothing. So
$400 or nothing it will be.
A teacher now paid $800 will get
$1200; a $1000 teacher will get $1400;
a $1200 teacher will get $1600; a $1300
teacher will get $1700; a $1600 teacher
will get $2000; a $3500 principal will
get $3900. The present idea that the
smaller-paid teachers have the great
est trouble in meeting the advanced
cost of living is thus carried out.
The public schools have 1262 teach
ers. Under the present scheme 235 of
them get less than $1200 each per
year; 1027 of them get $1200 per year
or more.
Under the new plan 235 teachers
will receive salaries ranging from
$1200 to $1550 per year; 1027 teachers
will receive $1600 or more.
Of the public school teachers 185
are men; 967 are women. The men
are doubtless mostly heads of families;
of the women it is probable that less
than one-half may -be regarded as
heads of families. The others have
themselves only to support. A public
school teacher is not subject to. the
federal income tax.
It is not probable that the average
voter will be greatly impressed by the
comparison of wage scales with Seattle,
which one authority says pays more
than Portland, and another authority
says pays less than Portland. If there
is to be had, however, reliable infor
mation as to the standard wage in the
larger cities of the United States, it
would have a proper bearing on the
question here. It has not been forth
coming, so far as The Oregonian has
seen. The circumstances that surround
community life in a single city, such as
Seattle, are no fair criterion for Port
land, whether they are more advanta
geous, or less advantageous, to a par
ticular employment.
It is a question for the taxpayers.
GERMAN ARROGANCE.
There is nothing in the speech of
Count von Brockdorff-Rantzau or in
the general attitude of the German
peace delegates which betokens either
repentance of wrong done or renun
ciation of the doctrines which led Ger
many to begin the war. Far from
assuming the attitude of penitent of
fenders who have come to make con
fession and amends, the delegates
adopt the pose of men who have come
to negotiate settlement of a fair quar
rel, growing out of a vicious system
for which one party was as respon
sible as the other. The barbarities
perpetrated by Germany are repre
sented as a fair set-off to the German
lives lost in consequence of the block
ade, and complaint is made that the
blockade was not lifted as soon as
Germany asked for an armistice. The
infamous deeds committed by the Ger
man army and navy by order of the
government and in defiance of treaties
which Germany had signed are placed
In the same category as the sufferings
inflicted on Germany by the blockade
in conformity with those treaties.
This is the attitude of a people which
Is defeated but unconverted. The only
reason why Germany is not now ravag
ing its neighbors, wrecking towns and
villages, killing civilians, carrying them
off to forced labor, sinking shiploads
of people, bombing hospitals, is that it
cannot, not that it would not if it could.
Such deeds are prevented, by the armies
and navies by which Germany is en
circled, not by a new purpose to live
at peace and to respect human rights
and human lives. The form of gov
ernment has changed, the men in con
trol have changed- somewhat, though
some of the old sinister figures are
still prominent, but the spirit of the
government is unchanged, and the mass
of the people still tamely follow, the
old leaders.
Recognition of this situation caused
France to insist on the guaranties of
security against further attack which
are included in the allies terms, caused
France to seek from the United States
and Great Britain a pledge that they
would instantly come to its aid in the
event of another attack and caused
Marshal Foch to plead for further se
curity than the treaty gives. The
French know by experience what Hun
invasion Is; our soldiers have seen, but
the vast majority of Americans have
only read about it and seen pictures
of it- None but the French can realize
how the manhood and material re
sources of their country have been de
pleted. When they see the hereditary
foe still more than 60,000,000 strong,
still sullen, impenitent and arrogant,
they have good reason to ask ample
guaranties against another invasion,
even at the cost of putting a few mil
lion Germans under French rule.
These are facts which should govern
the foreign policy of the United States,
especially with regard to the league of
nations. The war should have taught
us that an attack by Germany on
France Is an attack on the United
States; in fact, that any disturbance
of the peace of Europe, especially by
Germany, endangers us. The league
offers both a preventive and a cure.
Much is said of the imperfections of
the covenant, but it is the product of
the collective wisdom of the statesmen
of all the allied nations. When we
consider the diversity of their Interests
and ideals, it is a triumph to have
brought them to combine their moral
and physical forces to this extent. The
league is the chief assurance that,
however much Germany may desire
and plot to ravage the world again, it
shall never have the power and, if the
attempt should be made, it shall never
succeed. France holds the gate and,
s evert would receive the first blow.
It is but right that the other two big
nations, the United States and Great
Britain, should hasten to the side of
France as soon as the enemy breaks
loose, not awaiting the other forces of
the league.
These precautions should not be
taken as evidence of despair that Ger
many will ever change. They only
signify that nations do not change sud
denly, like converts at a camp meet
ing. A nation trained to make war its
chief industry, to dream of conquest,
to scorn other nations and to subordi
nate all thoughts of humanity, honor,
freedom, to military success can only
abandon such ideals by degrees. The
change may be helped by the conduct
of the league, in holding Germany to
close observance of obligations, in en
forcing restrictions of armament both
on Germany and its own members, in
as scrupulously respecting the rights
of Germany as of other nations, in
giving Germany every reasonable op
portunity to regain prosperity. Then
we may hope that, when a new genera
tion grows up which did not know the
kaiser and which was not taught from
childhood to worship world - power,
Germany will turn from the ideals of
vengeance and conquest to those of
peace and democracy. The great task
before the league is the gradual con
version of the German nation. If it
should succeed there. It would have
ground for confidence in Its ability to
extinguish among -all nations the de
sire to win greatness by war.
HOME A2l MOTHERS' DAT.
It is an appropriate coincidence
which makes Sunday, May 11, the
joint occasion for observance of
Mothers' day and of the own-your-own-home
movement. The time-worn
motto, "What is home without a
mother?" has its corollary in "What
is mother without a tiome?" The two
thoughts are inseparably 'associated.
Home-building does not flourish in
communities, such as pioneer mining
camps, exclusively populated by males.
It acquires its first headway when
mothers begin to come, and it prospers
so long as mothers have their way.
The substantial quality of a commun
ity may be gauged by the proportion
of its people who own their own homes.
Observance of a previous Sunday as
Mothers" day in some localities seems
now to have been due to an official
error. The day designated by the
Mothers' Day International association
Is May 11. The association, objecting
to any divided allegiance, now has
called for renewed and complete de
votion to the memorial features of the
day originally set apart. The Federal
Council of the Churches of Christ in
America has commended this observ
ance to 150,000 churches throughout
the land. TtTe day this year possesses
a new significance. A year ago the
service flags were freshly hung in the
churches and mothers of men who had
just been sent across the seas to fight
were guests of special honor in thou
sands of communities. This year the
great hosts are returning and hearts
are beating lighter. Joy and thanks
giving will be the dominant notes of
the day. Wearing of the white carna
tion will be no less appropriate than
before. One will not go amiss, even if
he has observed the earlier day, in
repeating the beautiful memorial prac
tice. Observance of an Own-your-home
day does not imply a divided allegiance
on an occasion like this. The economic
principle and the sentimental value of
home ownership both are sound. Fam
ily ties are cemented by it and a good
many social problems simplified. At
tachment for one's home, with a mother
as the central figure in it, cannot fail
to make for greater stability and better
citizenship.
The decision of Judge Hand in a
federal court in New York, that the
"war is still in progress," is a reminder
that a great war is not ended by a
phrase. The opponents of war-time
prohibition who invoked the words of
President Wilson, "the war is thus
brought to an end," are told that the
fighting phase of war is not its only
phase, and also that it is unsafe to
declare it over until the enemy has
submitted to the conditions imposed
by the peace conference. The decision
is in line with another, the subject of
which was an award of wages made
for the period of the war, in which It
was held that the war Is not over until
the peace treaty has been executed and
formal proclamation has been Issued.
Malheur farmers and owners voted
four to one for the additional issue on
the Warm Springs project, and it will
not be many moons before that district
is as prosperous as the region across
the Snake in Idaho, where one acre
pretty near keeps two cows a year.
If the man arrested at Cascade
Iocks with liquor valued, at $3000 in
his car establishes his claim of jour
neying from Wyoming to California,
he may get off under a recent ruling.
Funny how he got , across Oregon,
though.
The body of an unidentified woman,
a cripple and about 70, found in John
son creek, is the closing chapter of a
tragedy that might happen to any aged
woman not sheltered by husband or
child.
The special traffic officer at Oregon
City, who works on commission and
cannot make a' living, is faint hearted
and has resigned, though the season
is young and the job can stand nursing.
The womenfolk will today wind up
the Oregon campaign for the victory
loan to make it good measure, and
may their effort well be rewarded!
Boys' and girls' pig clubs are purelj
business affairs and money producers.
but there is much sentiment as well in
an orphan Iamb club.
Most of the changes in effect to
morrow make the trains start a bit
later for a wonder, and nobody will
get left.
The little city of Canby is putting
fine rhubarb into this market. Canby
is one of the Greater Oregon specialty
cities.
It seems eminently proper when a
widow sues for the death of her hus
band, but the other way 'round looks
odd.
Somehow, when you see a picture of
a murderer you wonder why he was
not sooner arrested on his looks.
Criticism of peace terms is result of
Hun propaganda. British labor circles
are honeycombed with it.
I Germany is not compelled to sign,
I but will. Invasion will teach her the
J real side of war,
Those Who Come and Go.
IF the citizens of this state want
to develop the resources of Ore
gon. Increase its productivity, yieia
more money for state taxes, give a liv
ing to more people and generally In
crease the prosperity of the state, then
the thing to do is to vote for the meas
ure In the June election which provides
for the state to guarantee interest for
five years on the Irrigation projects
which are approved by the state offi
cials," says Jay H- Upton, president of
the Oregon irrigation congress. "No
piece of pending legislation is more
Important to the state at large and
particularly to central .and eastern Ore
gon than this measure. And the peo
ple east of the mountains know that
the western section requires develop
ment, too, so we are supporting the
Koosevelt highway measure." Mr. Up
ton is at the Imperial.
Rudyard Kipling and Judge T. H.
Crawford of La. Grande, agree on one
thing: fishing at Orefron City. "Gentle
men of the Punjab, I have lived!" ex
claimed Kipling in his "American
Notes." Salmon fishing on the Clacka
mas was the only thing in America
that found praise in Kipling's book.
Judge Crawford came down from La
Grande to tease the fish near the Wil
lamette falls and he not only hooked
but landed an lS-pounder and now he
is ready to return home. The judge is
some sport, as anyone will attest who
has seen him at a baseball or a football
game.
Everyone knows what General Sher
man sale) about war. The general's son.
Father Thomas Ewing Sherman, is In
the city, a guest of Father William
Cronin. General Sherman visited Port
land many, many years ago, and had
a public reception in the Mechanics'
pavilion, which was built on the site
now occupied by the municipal audi
torium. About every man, woman and
child went to the pavilion that night
to shake hands with the civil war
hero.
Mrs.' J. E. Roman of Astoria, is in the
city to meet ..friends who are coming
from Minnesota. She is at the Im
perial. Mr. Roman was a member of
the Clatsop delegation in the recent
cession of the legislature. He was
then on the banking committee of the
house and a few days ago he was
elected cashier of a brand new bank
in Astoria.
People in eastern Oregon are not
waiting until next year for the high
way to be completed before motoring
to Portland. Charles Vaughn, W. a.
Thompson and Mr. and Mrs. George
Boyce chugged down from Heppner and
arrived at the Imperial yesterday.
"Crops will be abundant and the
prices good in our section," says Guy
W. Connor of Medford, who Is at the
Imperial. "We raise the finest Boso
pear In the world. The full name is
Beurre d' Bosc, meaning butter of Bosc,
and the Medford country can give cards
and spades and still beat the province
of Bosc in growing this fruit.
C. G. Rhoades, a business man of
Sheridan, is at the Perkins. The town
was named after Fighting Phil because
he was out that way In the good old
days when there was an open season
on redskins. Sheridan will soon be
better known, as the roads in that sec
tion are being improved and motor
lsts will be flying around there.
Shouting lustily, a quartet of Salem
ttes enjoyed themselves at the ball
game yesterday. They were C. B
Clancy, who Is a florist; P. E. Fuller-
ton, who knows all there is to know
about the Bing cherry; O. A. Hartmi
and William McGillcrlst. They are
registered at the Seward.
For several days an exceptionally
large man has been around the lobby
of the Imperial. He looks to be six
feet four and heavy in proportion. The
stranger is W. L. Lyme of Denver, who
is taking In the sights of the Rose
City with his wife.
L. Galbraith, who Is well known in
the stock world on account of the fine
horses he raises on his place near Inde
pendence, is at the Perkins, accom
panted by Mrs. Galbraith.
John D. Goss and J. H. Polhemus of
Coos Bay, whose main ambition In life
at present is to "put across" the
Roosevelt highway measure, arrived at
the Benson yesterday.
W. True Wilson of London, England,
nd E. A. Ingles of the same town, are
here to talk over matters with the Bal-
four-Uuthrie people and are at the
Benson.
Manager of the North Bend Lumber
company, H. W. Preston, is In Portland
on business and is among the arrives
at the Benson.
Fred W. Smythe, a young stockman
whose postoffice is Diamond, east oi
the mountains, is registered at the
Benson.
W. W. McCornack of Eugene, who
has been shooting clay pigeons at
Pendleton, passed through the city on
his way home.
R. J. Jenks, interested in the mining
Industry around Lewiston, Idaho, Is at
the Perkins.
Al St. John, wno conducts a hotel
at Chehalis, Wash., Is at the Benson.
PORTLAND IS MECCA OF TEACHERS
Conditions TVow Inspire Ambition of SO
per Cent of Them in Ore-son.
PORTLAND. May 9. (To the Editor.)
We are constantly being told of the
Innumerable wrongs that are being
done our teachers under present condi
tions. Yet any dealer in millinery or
high-class feminine apparel knows that
It is the school teacher who can pay
$75 for a suit, the school teacher who
can pay (75 for a coat and the school
teacher who can pay $20 for a hat. That
doesn't sound so very badly abused.
does it?
Then too, we are told that If teach
ers' salaries were forthcoming for 12
months instead of ten months out of
the year, everything would be very
satisfactory. Can anyone tell me of
another occupation or profession in
which an individual is paid a salary for
12 months who does not give 12 months
of service in return for it? If the
teacher is so capable of stepping Into
other lines of endeavor, there does not
appear to be anything to prevent him
or her from earning a very nice salary
addition by engaging In some other
occupation during the summer months,
We are also warned that if salaries
are not raiHed, our school teachers will
leave us to engage permanently in
other lines of work. It would give me
much eatlsfaction to know in what
other lines of work anything like the
present salaries could be earned, no
even taking into consideration the fact
that a teacher's work is for five days
a week, with the work day ending at 3
or 3:30 o'clock. It is very true that our
teachers, through loyalty, have tempo
rarily deserted their profession in large
numbers to answer the call of our gov
ernment, but that is true of all profes
sions and is now a thing of the past
No one whom I know objects to a
good, fair salary for the school teacher
or anyone else who gives conscientious
service, but it Is not fair to the tax
payer to attempt to get greater com
pensation through misrepresentation,
as it is quite a well-known fact that
Portland is the mecca toward which 90
per cent of Oregon teachers strive.
MKMBER Of A LESS FAVORED
PROFESSION. .
The Wanderlust.
By Grace E. Hall.
Seems as If there's rubbish, rubbish
every pesky place I turn.
Never saw such messes1 of it quanti
ties I long to burn:
Every closet's fairly bulging, oozes out
of bin and box.
Find It poked away in corners cast-
off shoes and even sox!
Shelves are Just, a crumpled mixture-
last years hat and this years
waist.
Found some hosiery In the glove box
nothing ever rightly placed.
Feel these days I'd like to sell out
take most anythinc for Day:
Want to tie a little bundle to a stick
and hike away:
Sick to death of work and duty, never
want to see a town;
Want to loiter 'ncath the teauty of the
Diue sky archin down:
Want to feel the so a-yleld!n' under
neath my flat-heeled shoe:
Want to be a roamin' hobo ever get
mat leeiin', too?
the Bible says it's blessed to have
nothing, and I know
It would be a wondrous blessing just
to go and go and go.
Never needing to remember dishes
waiting in the sink.
Floors to sweep and rooms to tidy
never need to even think!
With a winding road before me, breezes
whlsperln' soft and low.
I would be a nature outlaw ever get
to feelin so?
KTO IXDCCEMEM TO LEAVE FIELD
Former Teacher Wants to Know of
Jobs That Are Robbing Schools.
PORTLAND, May 9. (To the Editor.)
There Is at present eo much discus
sion regarding the teachers' salary
raise that I want to have my say and.
it possiDie, gain some sadly needed in
formation. I, who have bten a teacher, clnrorolv
hope they get It. know insr well thai
they deserve It But as to the nrnhn-
billty of the women teachers deserting
that rield for other better paid work
I simply cannot see it. If any have
done so I do wish they would tell me
what they have found and how they
have found it.
I was a successful countrv nrhnnl
teacher, trained at the Oregon Normal
school. I gave my work up to be with
my lamuy, wno are living in Portland.
uurillK me war 1 nelrl down & ma n o
job. Though I did the work as well
as he had ever done it. I was not paii
as much as he had been paid. But I
was making a living.
I. who have youth, health, ambition
and a fair education and appearance,
am offered from $10 to $13 a week In
various lines of work office work,
clerking, elevator ODeratlnar nnH n
kinds of factory work. At present I
am waiting table because T
assured of three meals a day. which I
tear i might miss occasionally if I were
working for $10 or $12 per week, with
out board. In these times of the high
vuei ui living.
it some former teacher whn
found lucrative employment without
influential friends or a good-siied bank
account to tide hor over the period of
apprenticeship would only advise me I
would be forever most grateful.
RUTH McKEE.
COMPETENT O.XES MIST BE KEPT
Only Respectable Living; Waxes Wilt
Retain Dest Teachers.
PORTLAND. May 9. (To the Editor.)
Let real Americans not fail to get out
today and vote on the question of on
increase In teachers' salaries. It is an
issue with a vital bearing on the future
welfare of Oregon.
Teachers do not receive very larjr
compensation at any time. They have
naa out lime increase in pay nir.ee
the war began, although the cost of
living has increased tremendously, as
we all know. They cannot get a raise
unless the taxpayers have the vision
and kindness at this time to voto them
one.
Free public schools are vital to free
government as we have it and want ta
keep it. We cannot have good schools
without competent teachers; and we
cannot retain the better teachers unless
we pay them a respectable living wage.
At least one-half of the teachers sup
port dependents. Unless they are
granted some relief many will be com
pelled to secure more profitable em
ployment elsewhere, to our loss.
Let us not be petty and small about
this question, but let us look at it in
the light of true Americanism.
HENRY F. BLOOD.
454 Lexington ave.
"FOR TO EXPLORE THE WORLD SO WIDE" READ
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN
There may be the flash of a little revolution down in some simmer
ing South American republic. Obviously, you can't be there. Stand-ing-by
in a towering sea, some valiant friendly tramp steamer may
rescue the imperiled passengers of a foundering liner. Again the
cards of fate don't fall aright. But whether it's on sea or land, the
reader who scans The Sunday Oregonian keeps abreast of current news
and modern adventure authoritative, reliable, as fresh as cable and
wire can hurl it homeward. Romance the Sunday paper is full of it!
GENEVA, NEW CAPITAL OF THE WORLD Here's a story in the
Sunday issue th,at tells us all about Geneva, the new capital of the
world, the most significant site in all history, since Rome's glory
crumbled with the fallen Caesars. As the city where meetings of
the league of nations will be held, the headquarters of that inter
national brotherhood which strives to eliminate war and world suf
fering, Geneva is not a foreign town. It is ours it is in part
American. Hence the special Sunday article that brings it inti
mately near to the reader.
SHOP TALK OF THE B1RDMEN When Roscoe Fawcett thumped
his typewriter in The Oregonian local room, he was a sporting
editor a chronicler of athletic annals whos stories always
bobbed up in the pink of condition. Then he went overseas, donned
helmet'and goggles, and flew with the eagles of America. Just
now he is at Walter Reed hospital, in Washington, D. C, repairing
damages incurred when his plane made a forced landing: in an
English fog. But he has written an inside story of aviation for
The Oregonian a corking fine yarn of the boys themselves and
you'll find it in tomorrow's paper. .
EUROPE'S TROUBLED TITLES DRIVEN TO A5IERICA When
the war god came thundering down on Europe he proved to be no
respecter of lofty personages. With the glad abandon of a tough
little boy he booted kings and coronets all over the back lot. And
that's why this story has been written for The Sunday Ore
gonian. For America today is a haven of refuge for misfortunate
title-bearers, whose estates and dignity were sport of the whirl
wind of war.
"WITH THE HELP OF GOD AND A FEW MARINES" As the
sweaty, powder and blood-grimed marines rounded up their pris
oners at Chateau-Thierry, one humbled Hun asserted that the
Americans must have been drunk when they went into battle, for
"they fought like fiends," Says. Brigadier-General Catlin, com
mander of the 6th regiment of marines at Chateau-Thierry: "Well,
they weren't drunk, but they did fight like fiends, and so many
of them performed prodigious deeds of personal valor that the
. story of them is bewildering." It's a great yarn, anyhow, and the
general's latest installment of the epic fight is in tomorrow's issue.
FEATURES ENOUGH TO GO 'ROUND There's mil, with those
character sketches in crayon, "Among Us Mortals"; there are the
never-to-be-outgrown comics ; the women's section, the church page,
the columns of 6chool news, and special departments in profusion.
The pet particular fad of every member of the American home
finds its place in the big Sunday issue.
"You Can't Spend an Hour in Better Company"
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN
In Other Days.
Twenty-Five Yearn Ago.
From The Oreiconlan f Mar 10, 1SP4.
New York. Richard Croker definitely
announced last night that he has re
tired from leadership of Tammany Hall.
The ranks of the Portland Coxeyites
have gradually thinned as result of de
sertions until not more than 60 of the
original 507 are now In the city.
The citizens of Montavllla have pe
titioned the county court for permission
to incorporate their settlement as a
town.
The cornerstone of Good ' Shepherd
church of the Protestant Episcopal faith
was laid yesterday at the corner of
tellwood street and Vancouver avenue,
Rl. Rev. B. Wistar Morris officiating.
Fifty Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of May 10, 10.
Sun Francisco. Today the grand cel
ebration in honor of the completion of
the trans continental railroad. the
greatest event of the century, was a
great success, the procession being the
largest ever seen in the city.
As we had announced would be the
case, the last spike in the great Pacific
railroad was driven at 10 A. M. Satur.
day, the telegraph wires carrying the
precise blow of the hammer.
On Saturday evening a number of the
oldest firemen of the city held a gath
ering at the Cosmopolitan hotel and
presented a goldheaded cane to 8. S.
Slater, "father of the fire department."
The city council has appropriated
(1000 for a celebration on July 4 but to
make a success of the affair it Is neces
sary that citizens subscribe liberally
also.
SOME CLASSES LACK TEACHERS
Manual Training Instructors Hard to
Get at Salaries Paid.
PORTLAND. May 9. (To the Editor.)
In The Oresonian appears a short
letter signed by L. L Stephenson. In
which he states that he will not sup
port any measure to increase the sal
aries of teachers until the teachers'
tenure law has been repealed.
I thought it might be in order to say,
in this connection, that even with the
advantages that the civil service law.
known ns the tenure, offers, it is still
Impossible to secure sufficient teachers
to take cherge of all our classes.
In the school of which the writer has
charge our manual training shop has
been closed for three weeks at a time
because a man could not be secured
for the wages paid to take charge of
it. In a little over three years six dif
ferent men have had charge, at differ
ent times, of this same work. Of these
six men all but one left for better po
sitions. Does Mr. Stephenson think
that men will work for $4.17 a dajr
-.vlien they can get $6 and over else
where, because of the tenure?
In this same school, two of our reg
ular classes have been in charge of
pupils from the senior classes of the
high schools because properly qualified
teachers were not available.
Those who argue that civil service
protects Incompetents doubtless forget
that in the long preparation required
of teachers those who are unfit have
pretty well been sifted out. First, a
(rood standard must be maintain
through a four-year teaching course
the high school. Then three or for
years in the normal school; then two
yrrrs' experience elsewhere, and they
are ready to enter the probationary
ciass In Portland. After they have
strved two years, under at least two
iTinelpals, they are finally classed as
permanent teachers, and are permitted
to feel secure in the privilege of draw
ing, for several years, the sum of $2.56
a day, or $6.67 a month, and finally,
after ten years, the maximum of I3.S6
a tiay. B. E. HUGH SON.
Address of Senator rhantherlaln.
BATTLE GROUND. Wash.. May 7.
(To tho Editor.) Kindly tell me when
Senator Cnamborlain is likely to be In
Portland, and his address there.
M. LASH.
Senator Chamberlain Is not expected
in Portland until after the pending ses
sion of congress, if then. His Portland
address is Chamberlain. Thomas, Kra
mer & Humphreys, Chamber of Com
merce building.
TIearl of Aero Club.
LEBANON. Or.. May 7. (To the Edi
tor.) Kindly give me the name and ad
dress of the president of the Portland
Aero club D. A. REEVES.
Milton R. Klerper, Yeon building,
Portland, Or.