8 THE 3IORNIXG OREGOXIAX, MONDAY, 3IAY o, 1019.
ESTABLISHED BI HEBI I PITTOCK.
Published by The Oregonlan Publishing- Co.
135 Sixth Street, 1'ortland. Oresron.
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MR. WILSON AND A THIRD TERM.
The rumor-finders of the newspapers
and the gossip-peddlers of the poli
ticians are ones more busy with specu
lation as to whether President Wilson
may not be a candidate for a third
term. It is an interesting and more or
less fruitful subject. The president
makers may, indeed, have what they
regard as inside information they al
ways have or they may be seeking
merely to make conversation. Or they
may be doing both. It is a part Of tha
great art of saying something interest
ing about a question which .has an
appeal for the whole American people.
Everybody has his idea about it, and
everybody knows that it Is as good an
idea as any other's idea.
Unquestionably the democratic party
will make Mr. Wilson its candidate if
he desires. There is no serious debate
anywhere about that one phase of the
situation. It becomes important, then,
for the party and its managers to
know whether he will stand for a third
term or whether he would accept if
tendered the nomination, say, unani
mously. Probably it will be known
before long if the former contingency
an outright candidacy is contem
plated. It will be necessary to grease
the skids for the smooth and success
ful launching of the third Wilson ship.
If It shall develop within the next few
months that the nomination of any
other than Mr. Wilson is a hopeless
enterprise, and particularly if the re
publican party should fall into the un
pardonable error of making the league
of nations the great Wilson achieve
ment a campaign issue, it is likely
enough that the demand upon Presi
dent Wilson to run again will be well
nigh irresistible, and he may consent.
So it is well enough to consider the
situation as it will probably present
itself at the White House and with the
political advisors of the president, if
he has any whom he still trusts.
Does Mr. Wilson desire to be presi
dent again?
Could Mr. Wilson be re-elected?
Is it wise to risk the danger of a
defeat, thus ending in disaster his re
markable career?
Has the no - third - term precedent
validity and should it receive consid
eration by the president without refer
ence to its effect on any contemplated
candidacy?
The inquiry as to whether President
Wilson might regard favorably another
term, from the standpoint of his per
sonal wishes, may pt-operly be raised
in view of the fact that the burdens of
the office will be little less onerous in
the final four years than in the pre
vious eight. The strain upon him has
been very great, especially since the
European war began In 1814; and it is
inconceivable that the great decisions
he was called upon to make, and the
enormous responsibilities to assume,
for himself, for one hundred million
people and for the world, should not
have weighed heavily upon him at all
times. Some signs have appeared that
the tension has been telling on him
and considerations - of his health are
not to be lightly cast aside, either by
him or by his friends. He has himself
given a hint that he "looked forward
to the time when he. could cast aside
the presidency, with its perplexities,
anxieties, difficulties, gravities and
above all, its trusteeship for practically
all humanity, and devote himself to
the writing of history, rather than the
making of it an intellectual occupa
tion entirely congenial to his tastes
and his capacities, and a dignified and
worthy service besides to his genera
tion.
But if the assumption is to be ac
cepted that the-president vmight yield
to the importunities of his party or
respond to tne call or his country, as
you will and consent to a third can
ciiaacy it remains to be canvassed
whether or not he can be elected. It
appears to be taken for granted that
the justification for his unprecedented
action will lie in the opposition the
republican party is expected to orfer
to the league of nations, making It
inevitable that Mr. Wilson defend his
own labors and their results. Even
casual study of the field will disclose
that the republican party has no ores
ent intention of making war on the
league of nations; but it is more likely
to seek credit for a great international
enterprise made . acceptable to the
American reople through republican
insistence on certain vital changes
Would the Monroe doctrine have been
recognized in the covenant except for
the republican senators and other
leaders?
Would the clause for withdrawal
have been inserted except for them?'
Would domestic questions, such as
immigration and the tariff, have been
explicitly reserved to determination by
the member nations?
Unquestionably republican statesmen
have stood sponsor for these amend
ments, and it will be difficult to ex
clude them from large credit for them.
A likely development is that the repub
lican party will insist that the league
is a non-partisan project the democ
racy has already so declared it and
claim with the president an equal
share in its formulation and adoption.
But whatever the developments as to
partisan color behind the league propa
ganda, it is becoming clear that its
ratification and its assignment to the
realm of things accomplished are prob
able in the present year; and it will
be out of the way for the campaign of
1920, except as the two great political
parties may "point with pride" to what
has been gloriously done.
With the league not ratified, and
f peace not secured, and with Mr. Wil-'
son a candidate, the historic American
! attitude against a third term, growing
out of Washington's example, must be
seriously considered. Will the-overwhelming
purpose of America to enter
the league, and the enthusiasm for its
principal sponsor, override all other
considerations? Somehow we are in
clined to wonder if, a year hence, when
the duties America will have assumed
through the league will be more ap
parent than now, and when the diffi
culties of performance will present
themselves on many sides, the popu
larity of the new policy for America
in undertaking to be trustee and
guardian for all the world will be so
great? Whether it is or not, who will
say that opposition to a third term for
any president will not influence thou
sands and even millions of votes?
If such considerations enter the dem
ocratic mind as they must they will
make a third term. In any circum
stances a venture of doubtful expe
diency; and in some circumstances
such as failure to find or, create any
division between parties over the
league a rash and desperate scheme.
But whatever the politicians may do,
the decision, of course, will be with
the president. That he will desire to
retire, without reference to any politi
cal exigency or probability, would be
natural conclusion; and that he could
or would be inveigled into any foolish
or dangerous experiment with his own
prestige and . his place in history, is
another natural conclusion.
OREGON FIRST ONCE MORE. J
By exceeding its quota of the victory
loan by popular subscription a week
before, the date set for closing the cam
paign Oregon has firmly established its
claim to the title of the patriot state
and the volunteer slate. . Portland by
a splendid run to the finish has fixed
its place as the leader among cities in
patriotic endeavor.
While Iowa and Michigan have re
ported completion of their quotas be
fore Oregon, it Is well understood that
the banks underwrote their totals be
fore the people at large had subscribed
them. Therefore Oregon claims first
place among states which raised their
quota by direct subscription. Oregon's
success is an unquestioned expression
of ' the patriotism of the men and
women who worked for the loan and
of the people who answered their call.
This is the crowning victory of Ore
gon's and Portland's unblemished rec
ord for 100 per cent Americanism. It
proves the state's patriotism to be a
steadily burning flame, as strong and
clear after victory has been won in the
field as while the result still trembled
in the balance. Although the impulse
of daily" news oil physical combat no
longer drives them, the people are as
ready to pay the price after the. goal is
won as while the nations were still
striving toward it.
The victory loan is a debt of honor
owed by the nation to the men who
went through the fastnesses of the
Argonne, through the Hindenburg line
and the Flanders mud, and Oregon
promptly steps forward and pays its
share. -No dishonored notes will re
main from the war, so far as Oregon
can prevent.
WHO STARTED THE FICME DEMAND f
Italy's claim to Fiume dates no far
ther back than last December, a month
or six weeks after the armistice with
Austria. -Up to that time Italy had
claimed no more Austrian territory
than was conceded by the treaty of
London, which did not give it Fiume
On December 18 the Italian-American
news bureau, which says it is "under
the auspices of the Italian govern
ment," sent out a map showing in
black the areas which the London
treaty proposed to take from Austria
and give to Italy. Those areas do not
include 'Fiume and they leave to the
Jugo-Slavs about sixty miles of coast
near that port, and southern Dalmatia
from Spalato downward. With the
map the following printed matter was
sent out;
Studying the map attentively It will be
seen at once that contrary to the untruths
asserted -by the industrious propagandists.
Italy does not deny access to the sea to any
people living east of the Dlnario Alps.
. Contrary to what Italy is represent
ed by its enemies, that country has neve
opposed the policy of nationalities and the
free determination of peoples. The policy
enunciatea ny resiuent Wilson wag th
policy followed by the Italian govemmen
beiore America entered the struggle.
But in )ecember, correspondents
write from Italy, propaganda broke
out all over the country proclaiming
that Italy won the war and that Italy
should have the entire coast ."of the
Adriatic sea. Gabrielle d'Annunzlo took
the. lead, as in the pro-war agitation
in 1815, but it 'broke out in the old
familiar centers of pro-German propa
ganda and it was accompanied by
slanders on and abuse of the Amerl
cans and British. Extreme demands
on the part, of an ambitious nation
which has won a sweeping victory are
not surprising, but it is cause for won
der that the statesmen' should have
been carried away and should not
have seen the danger.
Is it not possible that the Germten
have inflamed Italian ambition and
have incitt'd suspicion of Italy as to
theallies? Their propaganda machinery
is Complete. Their best hope of escap'
ing punishment is division among the
allies. ' What better means could be
found than to assist the chauvinists in
stirring up the people to make impos
sible demands and, when they were
rejected, to arouse hatred of the allies
Of course,-the Germans do not care
which of their enemies gets Fiume,
since they cannot have it, but the next
best thing to getting it is to sot thci
enemies to quarreling over it.
ONE RILE FOR itai.y, another FoiiiWances steps toward citizenship am
JAPAe, T active interest In the welfare of th
The secret treaty of London awards,
Dalmatia tq Italy,' but President Wil
son .protests against the annexation as
a' violation of the rights of the Jugo
slavs and of the principle of self
determination. Britain and France
approve his position, though" they were
the chier parties to the treaty and
though it was the -consideration prom
ised for Italy's help in the war.
By the secret treaty of Pekin, signed
1n.l9l5 and forced on China by Japan's
threat of war, China granted to Japan
rights In Kiau-Chou which were equiv
alent to ownership and sovereignty.
China protested then and protested
again at the peace conference. China
declared war on Germany in 1917, and
thereby acquired the same claim to
considerationof its rights as the Jugo
slavs had. ,
The allies have taken away what is
China's and given it to Japan, thus
confirming a claim- .founded on force
threatened by Japan in 1915 and exer
cised by Germany in 1898. Thin is an
award not between an enemy and an
ally, but between two allies, or be
tween an ally and an associate, to use
the technical distinction adopted at
Paris. .
-Fiume was not awarded to Italy by
the treaty of London and was not
claimed by Italy until after the armis
tice with Austria was signed. The
claim was founded on an , alleged
popular' vote, by which the, majority
of the people declared for annexation
to Italy. ' This was a show of com
pliance with the- principle of self-.
determination, though the - suburbs,
which are overwhelmingly Slav, were
not permitted to vote, and though
many Slavs had fled before the Italian
ccupation. '
The Chinese population of Kiau-
Chou has had no . opportunity to say
whether It prefers Japanese to Chinese
rule. It has been given' no right of
self-determination, but is handed as a
pawn to Japan, after the manner of
the congress of Vienna-
Why is the rule so loudly proclaimed
as applying to Italy's claims on Flume
and Dalmatia not applied equally to
Japan's claim on Kiau-Chou? Why is
the sympathy so liberally and Justly
extended to the Jugo-Slavs not also
extended to the Chinese?
One by one the fourteen points are
broken or blunted by political expe
diency. "
LOADS WHICH NATIONS CARRY.
Figures are commonly considered dry
and uninteresting, but big figures have
certain fascination even for those
who shy at statistics. That is more
particularly true of the big figures by
which alone the outstanding facts of
the great war can be expressed. They
have been put In easily intelligible
form by Harvey E. Fisk of the Bankers'
Trust company of New York in a book
entitled "The Public Debt," and deal
ing with that phase of the war's results.
They show that, when all settlements
have been made, the debt of the United
States may reach 130,000,000,000, but
will be reduced by what the allies owe
us to about $20,000,000,000. This com
pares with about $36,000,000,000 for
Great Britain, from which f 5,000,000,
000 must be deducted as due from
allies and dominions: $36. 000.000. 000
for France, $12,600,000,000 for Italy
and $39,000,000,000 for Germany.
The weight of the load carried by
each nation .can only be conveyed by
comparing the amount of the debt pet
capita and the national wealth per
capita, also by comparing the Interest
per capita to be paid each year with
the average income per capita. This
shows that each American owes $224
of his country's debt, each Briton $782
each Frenchman $900, each Italian
$350 and each German $600. The per
centage of debt to national wealth in
each case is: United States, 8; Great
Britain, 30; France, 40; Italy, 31.60;
Germany, 48.75.
The amount of wealth per capita is
still more striking, for it shows the
means of payment in the hands of
each citizen of each country. This is:
United States, $2803; Great Britain,
$2608; France, $2250; Italy, $1111;
Germany, $1231. The American with
the most means has the smallest debt.
The combined national wealth of all
the other four nations exceeds that of
the United States alone by only 10 per
cent, being $380,000,000,000 against
$300,000,000,000.
The comparison of interest payable
annually per capita and of income per
capita leads to the same conclusion
It shows that out of $560 the Ameri
can must pay $9.34, the Briton $34.24
out of $387. the Frenchman $45 out of
$300, the Italian $15.22 out of $208
and the German $30 out of $154.
The nations are starting on a race
for industrial and commercial suprem
acy. . It is as though a number of run
ners started on a Marathon race, each
with a pack on his back. One man's
pack weighs 10 pounds', another's 30
pounds and others' varying weights per
haps up to 100 pounds. We can imagine
how long the 100-pound man would
last against the 10-pound man. Uncle
Sam is the 10-pound man.
AMERICA TOR AMERICANS.
It would be prpfitless to search for
an economic reason why the natural
products of water should be adminis
tered differently from the natural
products of land. - There is no funda
mental reason why the public should
permit a method of exploiting the fish
in the public's waters that is denied
exploitation of timber on the public's
lands. In an article published recently
Fish Commissioner Darwin of the state
of Washington contrasted fisheries
and land grants in that state in mat
ters of the administration required or
permitted by law in each' instance. No
one would countenance a gift of the
timber on state lands to citizens or
aliens, yet in one year Washington will
permit the giving away of $12,000,000
worth of fish from state waters.
Seventy-five per cent of this fisheries
gift will go to persons not citizens and
40 per cent to alien enemies.
A similar contrast might be made
in Oregon, were figures and estimates
immediately available. Fishing goes
forward under a licensing system and
thus pays some moneys into the public
treasury, but the public puts back this
income into hatcheries and adminis
tration, in order to collect licenses
another year for keeping up the supply
the succeeding year, and so on indetV
nitely. The public's net return is a
food supply, for which it pays hand
somely to those engaged in the busi
ness of taking and selling and preserv
ing fish.
Because the salmon matures In four
years, while a fir tree hardly grows to
merchantable size within the human
generation, the, public's management
of Its fisheries eould. perhaps, be coun
tenanced if only citizens were engaged
in commercial fishing. But in the
past in Oregon a declaration of inten
tion to become a citizen has been
qualification for the privilege of en
tering that occupation. In most in-
d
e
country have stopped with the decla
ration. Such fishermen have been indiffer
ent to conservation- and permanence
of the industry. Although fees are ex
pended plainly for the benefit of the
fisherman who intends to remain in
the iridustry, an earlier day saw alien
fishermen constantly seeking evasion
through the conflicts and differences
in laws affecting the Columbia river.
The sole motive seems to have been
to make as much as possible In as
short a time as possible.
About two years ago there were
many renewals of first citizenship
papers by fishermen. Inasmuch as
,a declaration of intent to become
a citizen is . not a legal basis for
final citizenship papers after seven
years, it was ruled that first papers
more than 'seven years old did not
qualify an alien for fishing license or
location. The declaration thus became,
again, a mere matter of convenience
and personal profit.- - It meant nothing
to the man who subscribed to its obli
gations. It was not in his eyes a decla
ration of intent to attach himself to
the Ideals and government of America,
but only a formality that would
enable him to engage in a profitable
occupation, so it happened when' off!
cials and legislators of Oregon" and
Washington attempted to agree last
winter on legislation that would make
full citizenship a requisite to fishing.
it was discovered, or at least contended.
that fishing was so fully in the hands
of aliens that the industry would fail
if alien fishermen were immediately
shorn of their rights. The legislation
was defeated in Washington. In Ore
gon it was adopted, but sufficient time
was given aliens operating most of the
gear to complete the citizenship osten
sibly begun when they filed their
declaration.
The war, with Its attendant Inquiry
into every man's status and capabili
ties, opened the country's eyes to two
outstanding deficiencies. It revealed
an unsuspected high percentage of
illiteracy, confined mostly to persons
of foreign birth or descent, yet citizens
of America; it revealed wide exploita
tion of natural and other resources
and business itself by aliens. Both are
conditions that must be overcome if
this is to continue a nation "of people
with one elemental Idea of government.
a people confirmed in national pride.
loyal to .America's Institutions and In
terested in its progress stnd prosperity
Illiteracy is a money loss to the
nation, for experts calculate that a
person who can apply mind as well as
body to his work can earn at least $5
a week more than an illiterate. If
10,000,000 illiterates - were educated.
this would mean an increase in
earning power of $2,600,000 a year.
To meet this situation the Smith-
Bankhead bill was introduced in the
last congress. It provides a federal
fund to be allotted among the states
in proportion to their Illiterate and
non-English-speaking population, to be
expended by the states under federal
supervision and on a plan approved
by the federal bureau of education.
It is the Lane Americanization bill,
designed to make the population of
the United States 100 per cent Ameri
can, and It is indorsed by the news
papers of both parties and all sections.
It is doubtless disapproved by the
bolshevtsts, which is an additional
recommendation.
Seattle's biggest show begins today.
The plot Is simple and more or less
thrilling. A girl allows herself to win
the fickle love of another woman's
husband, and in his absence kills the
wife with poison. The state steps in
and charges her with murder, and
would administer penalty. Ruth Gar
rison in the leading role. All but the
back rows reserved for the morbid
minded. Time of run indefinite. Weeps,
snickers, laughs, ad lib., ad nauseum.
If the Russians ehoud finally exter
minate the bolshevists, small thanks
will be due to the allies, and the new
government may be expected to greet
their envoys with an expression which
would say, ""Why were you not on
hand when ve needed you?" Russia
has no cause for affection for Ger
many, but that fact may be forgotten
in the new resentment of the allies'
neglect.
Any allusion by Czar Burleson's
critics to his tyranny over the wires
calls forth a loud retort about second-
class mail, which lawyers would pro
nounce irrelevant and immaterial.
though Mr. Burleson has been sending
telegrams by mail. The czar is under
such a hot and accurate cross-fire
that he is sure to be brought down.
Determination of soldiers who' for
merly lived In the cities to migrate
to the west for "bigger opportunities"
Is promising, and may be needed'as an
offset to the country boys who, having
tasted of community life in scamp, are
reluctant to return to the comparative
solitude of the farm.
Orlando and Wilson are now trying
to get together In such a way that each
can say the other made the first ad
vances. They are very particular about
their dignity, but the rest of the world
does not care a rap about that. It
wants to get that treaty out of the way
and go back to work.
Chairman Hurley tells us if we will
only wait he will let us build the per
fect ship and lots of it. We're waiting;
there s nothing else to do. But we
should much rather be building ships
that are not quite perfect.
The idealism is being squeezed out
of the peace treaty by national selfish
ness and the hard facts of each na
tion's necessity. The treaty will soon
be as Insipid as a bottle of seltzer
when the cork leaks.
Why the insect is called the lady bug
Is not understandable, considering her
mission is to devour smaller bugs.
That is not a ladylike way of living.
A "lady" who bites "another lady" Is
no "lady" at all.
Assistant Secretary Roosevelt is an
Indian giver in his. dealings with the
battleship Oregon. He should know
the volunteer state better than to sus
pect that it would neglect the old ship
after getting it.
China now experiences the sensa
tions of the man whose house is on
fire and who sees his neighbor save
his furniture only to carry it away to
the neighbor's house. The man nat
urally thinks he might as well have let
it burn.
As college fraternities must pay the
war tax on clubs, it wilt not be pos
sible to find a defender for the luxury
tax at college debates. The "frat"
luxury, indeed! It is the first necessary
of college life.
A colored man caught with colored
water alleged to be liquor is too much
an off-color scheme to get on the
blotter as anything but vagrancy.
While Portland has much interest in
all games played by the Beavers, the
real "pep" will break out at the
Seattle-Portland contests.
One thing that gives people respect
for a federal court is the Impartial
manner In which wealthy men arte
fined for violation of law.
And because Oregon closed Us quota
Saturday all the elements united in a
regular summer day, with all its
glories of field and air.-
A new, modern hotel is a county
seat's-best- asset, and that is what
Heppner is soon to getT
Clean-up week comes easy in Oregon
following cleaning up the victory quota-
Continue that saving habit. There'
another loan in sight dim. yet visible.
All the drives now will be little ones
and easy.
The "old spinster" hurdled it.
Those Who Come and Go.
The tendency to disregard the hoary
traditions of the past and the well
proven practices of another day is de
plored by Elliott P. Scroggins of Will-
lamsburg. Mass. Mr. Scroggins was
deeply pained yesterday to note that
Portland victory gardeners were "ab
solutely inviting, sir, disaster," by not
remembering that maxim of all good
gardeners: "Plant in the light and the
dark of the moon." Planting: in the
dark of the moon, the Massachusetts
visitor declared, at the Imperial hotel,
was inviting disaster so far as concerns
corn, tomatoes, peas and beans and
other above-ground products of the soil.
They should be planted while old Luna
was visible, he asserted. "And yet, sir.
in this day and age when It behooves
us all to get the best possible from the
soil, it seems nothing short of fatal to
observe, as I did today, gardeners calm
ly planting potatoes, which, with a
moment's thought, they could have
deferred until moonless nights appear."
That wound stripe fairly shouted:
"Tea. bo, in the Argonne." It was even
so. Corporal David Smith, on a three
day pass from the base hospital at
Camp Lewis, was at the Imperial yes
terday. He was gassed and wounded
with shrapnel when his outfit relieved
Whittlesey's "lost battalion" in Ar
gonne woods. In which was Private
Woodson Scoggln, also of Fossil, who
was a pal of the Smith lad. Corporal
Smith expects the Camp Lewis doctors
to "turn mm, loose" In a lew weens
and maintains in the meantime. "Don't
print anything that" will make my
mother worry." So. Mother Smith of
Fossil, your boy is looking in the best
of health and weighs more than he
ever did in his life. He'll be back at
Fossil before you know It.
The villain who intimated that on
the famous Sunday stock train which,
bye tha bye. carries stock to Portland,
with one passenger car. at a greater
speed than the passengers of the limit
ed enjoy there was a more or less gen
tle poker game "enjoyed." had better
eware. It seems that eastern Oregon
wives have been somewhat curious as
to what happened to the contents of
undry stockmen's pocketbooks. Hence.
formal denial is hereby submitted oy
Sol Dlckerson. Welser. Idaho; "Jim"
Toner, Walla Walla; J. M. Mitchell. Jo-
eph, and J. H. Luck. Pendleton. Be It
nderstood. in the future, that poKer is
not played on the stock train er that
is. you know, no far as the general
public Is concerned. The quartet of
stockraisers were at the Imperial.
Captain E. R. Budd can carol to him
self: ."I am monarch of all I survey."
Captain Budd is superintendent of a
division of the. railroad track now being
nerated by Uncle Sam. It used to be
the llwaco division of the Union Pa-
iflc. Three engines, seven passenger
cars., a few freight cars, ii miles oi
traclrand a few employes are at Cap
tain Budd'a beck and call. He came
to the Imperial for a few days' exhil
aration after the restful winter weeks
on the North Beach peninsula. Cap-
ain Budd also "superintends" the
learner Nahcotta, which plies across
the Columbia. Hence his title.
It gives W. A. McKenzle great pleas
ure. Indeed, to proclaim that at Golden
dale, whence he hails, there are mora
miles of paving than in any other city
of the same size in the united States.
Not so very long ago. Mr. McKenzle
was forced to do business almost in
the style of a Kansas bootlegger. The
flu closed up the city. Stores were
closed to customers. A discreet knock
at the door and the storekeeper brought
the desired goods to the half-opened
door. Mr. McKenzle does not allude to
those times as the "good old days."
There is grave danger that 6-year-
old Edward Jackson of Seattle may de
velop into as successful a financier as
his father, Frank C. Jackson, an in
vestment broker of the Puget sound
metropolis. Edward was visiting his
father at the Portland hotel yesterday.
'I had a pup which had fleas." he told
a reporter. "Mamma said I had to give
the pup away. So I took it to a neigh
bor and sold it for 50 cents and 14 eggs,
and mamma gave me 60 cents for the
eggs. But I didn't tell them that Bus
ter had fleas. Perhaps they might not
have wanted to buy him."
While the presumption that they
were hiding away in Portland until
any anarchists' bombs had been duly
tested at Salem, was in the circum
stances, quite a natural one. Supreme
Court Justices Lawrence T. Harris, H.
L. Benson and George H. Burnett wish
it distinctly understood that they are
merely passing a pleasant week-end In
Portland at the Imperial. Any theories,
ideas or suggestions that bombs have
anything to do with their visit is im
material, irrelevant and has no bear
ing thereto.
While hop yards are being plowed up
and hop raising seems to be on its last
legs in Oregon, here comes Major w.
Lewis Rose, late of the British army
Whether Major Rose has an inside tip
that prohibition is not due in England,
he did not say, but It transpired that
the major has purchased a large hop
yard at Independence and Intends to ko
into the business in quite extensive
fashion. Major Lewis was at the
Portland hotel yesterday.
Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Wlgan, of Glf-
ford, England, have been compelled to
forego that good old English breakfast
bacon recently In "Blighty." for "don't
you know. It really is not fit to eat
now." So, when Mr. and Mrs. Wigan
arrived in Portland yesterday and reg
istered at the Portland hotel, you arc
permitted Just one prucss as to what
Mr. wigan ordej-ed for breakfast
Right, first time.
Loaded up with letters of introduc
tion to the great and near-great of the
Pacific coast, Mr. and Mrs. J. A D.
McCready, extensive landowners of To
ronto, Canada, arrived In Portland yes
terday in the course of an extensive
tour of the northwest. They were reg
istered at the Portland.
CUBBOOM DOING GOOD SERVICE
Portland Woman Flnda New Tork Head
quarter Appreciated by Soldiers.
PORTLAND, May 3. (To the EdI
tor.) Have Just returned home alter
several wee4ta spent In New York. Phil
adelphia, Washington and Chicago.
While in New York I visited Oregon
headquarters for soldiers .m. sailors
number of times, and always found
some familiar faces of boys just re
turned from overseas.
I want to tell the people of Oregon
that it Is the next best thing to a real
home-coming for these boys. Tne club
room is nicely furnished wltn chairs.
tables, piano und desks. You will also
find the late magazines, piners and
games. All Oregon visitors try to do
something for the boys that will add
to their happiness You need only to
tell them that you are from Oregon
and their faces arc wreathed with
smiles.
If friends of the boys wish to send
something to the club. I wou!d suggest
loganberry jam, salmon, minted ham
in fact, anything that will mske
sandwiches. CofCee, sandwiches, cake,
fruit, candy and nuts are served from
12 M. until 11 P. M. I know it would
be very much appreciated if our whole
sale houses anl candy manufacturers
would remember them. It is quite a
tusk to serve-from 73 to 209 boys a day.
but there are always willing hxuds
from home eager to do their part.
Now if every Orejronian. visitinir New
York wants a real welcome from K
bunch of the finest boys in the United
Slates, let him rail at 425 Seventh ave
nue. New York.
MRS. EDWIN J. HALL.
705 Davis eireet.
The Genius Friend.
Dt Grace K. Hall. '
That friend who pleases most is he
whose tact
Makes us to. feel we have what he has
lacked:
Who has an intuition kind and keen.
By which ho seems to pierce our
mental screen.
And liking what he sees, himself draws
there, ,
As with a maaric pencil, sketches rare-
Some new device that pleases us im
mensely,
And leaves us liking what he drew, in
tensely! That friend who fits our mood-
its few
friends do
Is he who disappears from out
the
view.
Blending his thoughts with ours until
we glow.
And filled with rapture tell him all we
know!
Trusting, howe'er, when he has gone
away
He'll quite forget the foolish things we
say;
His genius lies in bemg just a friend.
And genius so we figure cannot end!
MODERN BUILDINGS IV DEMAND
Stagnation of Three Years Developing
late Acute A ced.
PORTLAND. May 1. (To the Ed
itor.) Now comes to pass, from re
ports from all quarters, a condition
that was predicted by close observers
Immediately following the govern
ment's declaring the building construe
tion business as nonessential to the
winning of the war.
It simply stood to reason that a busi
ness that was essential In times of
peace to tho extent of $1,800,000,000
taxable property per annum could not
be cut down in one swoop to 10 per
cent of that amount and not result a
the close of the war in a condition of
acute need.
While it is true that not many are
as yet going ahead with needed work,
not having assiralllated the new basil
of costs for labor and' material, yet it
is safe to say that if all the figuring
that is going on right now on the quiet
resulted in the work going ahead we
would be unable to find workmen to
handle It. Somehow it does not seem
possible It cannot bo possible that
contractors who . up till now have all
and always been perfectly happy In
doing work for nothing should now
be actually and openly adding into
their bids and estimates a little item
of profit after including cost of bonds,
liability insurance, overhead, etc
Isn't it true that up-to-date hotels are
overcrowded? Are modern apartments
not filled? In it not a fact that a great
number of offerings in homes and other
buildings are old style, out of repair,
etc.?
May we not justly conclude that It
requires mere effort to produce a sat
isfactory return now on an obsolete
building than ever before? Does it not
require the pinch of necessity to keep
such buildings occupied? Are not peo
ple who rent, whether house or apart
ment, more particular, more flnickal,
more desirous of up-to-date living con
ditions, more unwilling to be housed In
quarters rich in their heritage of ob
solescence than in any time past? Does
not the same apply to modern work
men and workwomen? If such is the
case, what shall we do? What shall the
building owner of the obsolete, unmod
ern building do? Is it too much to
ask of him to be a good Bible scholar
and a sport and "pull down and build
larger ?
The question is how far is it proper
for sanitary engineers, uplifters and
the building interests to go in their
great programme of propaganda
against obsolescent buildings and bad
conditions? May we not even under
present circumstances go too far In
urging new building operations, so
that just as the- property ownr has
surrendered and said, "I will tear down
and build larfrer." the tax-gatherer will
say to him, "Thou fool, next spring thy
soul shall be required of thee'r
It would appear to be safe to say that
old-type buildings will not fill the con
ditions of the present, for the world
at large has learned many things dur
ing and because of the war and one IS
the Importance of good buildings, well
lighted, sanitary workrooms and at
tractive surroundings, in their relation
to better work and increased output
It will be essential for many indus
tries to move into new and better quar
ters as soon as possible. Looking at the
building problems from the standpoint
of up-to-dateness, the stagnation of the
last three years has no doubt caused
a shortage that will show up very
shortly and develop into an acute need
in all lines.
A contributing factor to this condl
tion is the fact that owners are not as
prompt as formerly (with low wages
and material costs) to repair old build
Ings. There is no question but there
Is a decided slump this spring In up
keep work.
All of which goes to Indicate that
wages and material can climb to such
heights that high prices defeat their
own ends. At any rate present Indl
cations are that there will be little
Idleness thin year among the reliable
building contractors who are disposed
to do the fair thing by the employing
public. O. C5. HL'GHSON,
Manager Builders' Exchange,
SILTF.R CHEVRONS.
Yes. they are silver chevrons.
Now grin, damn you, grin:
'Tis not enough that we were left,.
Proceed to rub it in;
I enlisted early In the game.
With many thousands more.
Expecting sure to go across
And help to win the war;
I volunteered to do my part.
And thankful for the chance;
My one desire was over there
To do my bit in Frauce.
I drilled in mud and rain and snow.
In dust and scorching heat.
From early morning until night.
With tired and blistered feet.
And aching back and throbing brow.
Though I was well and stout.
And often ere retreat I was
Completely tuckered out.
I never missed a single drill
Nor kicked about the fare.
Because of my desire to pass
For service "over there."
And when the regiments were formed
For service overseas.
The Old Man always turned me down,
Nor listened to my pleas;
And I was always thus advised:
"Perhaps the next you may;
But other units must be trained.
And some of us must stay.
And so it ran from month to month.
My soul was sorely vexed:
For ever came the same reply,
"Not now, perhaps the next."
To add insult to injury.
Those measly Huns in France
Like sneaking cowards had to quit
Before we got our chance:
Then Uncle Sam-invented this.
Which we must wear, and so
We advertise to all the world
We did not get to go.
Yes, they are silver chevrons.
The fact I can't deny:
And many, many thousands more
Are just as sore as I.
J. A BUCHANAN.
Wben Insurance Beneficiary Dtea.
A BE RDF EX. Wash.. May 3. (To the
Editor.) If a soldier has his Insur
ance made out to his father, and Is
killed, then the father dies, will heirs
get remainder of insurnnce? Ff to,
how will it bo paid? SCBSCR13ER.
The remainder will be paid
hei.-s in monthly Installments.
to the
In Other Days.
Fifty Years A Co.
From The Oreronian of May K. 1S!!.
New York. The lawful money re
serve In the national banks of New
Tork City April 11 was nearly $54,000.
000, exclusive of the amount required
by law to be kept in reserve, IT,000,000.
We understand the experiment of a
high school in this city is likely to
prove a great success. It has been in
operation two weeks and the number
of scholars exceeds 50.
Washington. The constitutions ef
Virginia, Mississippi and Texas have
been framed, authorizing election of
state officers and members of congress
and now have the endorsement of the
president.
It is reported that the woolen fac
tory at Salam has suspended work
temporarily on account of ohaving ex
hausted the supply of wool.
Twenty-five Yean Age.
From The Oregonian ef May 0. 1894.
Washington. Arguments in the trial
of Coxey and his lieutenants. Browne
and Jones, were made in police court
today.
While the engineer and fireman of a
motor on the Mount Scott and South
Mount Tabor railway were at dinner
an unknown maniac boarded the car
and ran It at top speed until it hit a
switch and jumped the track. The man
who was taken capitve only as "John
Doe" was unhurt.
George Morey. the convicted mur
derer of Judge Barry, will bo sentenced
to death for a second time on Monday.
The Columbia river transportation
company was incorporated yesterday
with a capitalization of $30,000 by C
H. Leadbetter, F. W. Leadbetter and
C. A. Bullon.
CASE OF TEACHERS OVERDRAWN
Writer Finds Fault with Claaa ef At-
Ksmeat In Favor of More Pay.
PORTLAND, May S. (To the Edi
tor.) I was present at a " woman's
meeting one day this week when a
lady, presumably delegated by the
teachers, presented their side of the
question of increased salaries.
I feci sure she harmed their cause
through misrepresentation and exag
geration. She took as an examplo some
little out-of-the-way place in the state
where a small salary was paid and by
dividing it by the full twelve months
made it appear that $65 was about the
average salary drawn by the teacher.
An ex-teacher who was present ex
plained the matter by using the actual
time of work (five days per week and
ten months per year) and showed that
the teacher had really drawn over $6
per day.
The speaker cited an Instance of a
teacher who had two small boys to
support and said she had to pay $10 per
pair for their shoes. A lady near me
whispered that she did not pay $10 for
her own shoes and had a son who wore
men's sizes and bought his siloes for
ta and $7.50 per pair: he wore tennis
shoes in the summer at $2.50 per pair.
The speaker referred several times
to the necessity of teachers attending
the opera and taking trips during the
summer time to fit them to be with the
children.
How many mothers (who happen to
be with their children a bit of the
time) afford trips to the opera or trips
in the summer? Who would put up
fruit, etc., if we all took two months
off?
Stenographers, clerks, bankers, get
buv two weeks' vacation. But. says the
speaker, they did not have to spend a
long and expensive period In prepara
tion. I believe investigation will prove
that all good workers spent some long'
hard months and years to become so.'
Pharmacy men who have to take a
long and expensive course of schooling
to fit themselves for the profession are
working 10 to 16 hours per day. Sun
days, Included, and few of them get
vacations, not more than two weeks at
best.-
There are two sides to a question
always, and the teachers will gain
more by sending representatives who
present the matter fairly and ones who
are prepared to answer all questions
on the matter in an Intelligent manner.
The speaker I refer to could not do so.
FAIR PLAY.
PAY SHOILD BE COMPENSATORY
Teaekers Entitled to aa Much as Com-
nierclal Workers, and More.
PORTLAND. Or.. May 4. (To the Ed
itor.) The increasing Interest now
prevalent in respect or tne salaries oi
teachers reminds ma of once wonder
ing why a profession which required so
vast an outlay of financial cost, time
and hard study to fit its members for
practical use. should, after all these
preparations, prove but mediocre as to
remuneration.
In considering the standard of sal
aries paid to teachers of the different
trades and the high schools, a fact to
De remembered always ia that they are
paid on a ten-month basis. When
transposed to a 12-month basis, the
a vera go salary. In most Instances, falls
considerably below the compensation
earned by women in other line3 ot
work, which have not required such
long and co.-tiy preparation. In addi
tion, a vacation of two or three week
on ful! f'iV is commonly granted. Aside
from holiday vacations, which do not
come at a time permitting outdoor rec
reation or rest, the teacher is denied
this enjoyment.
I know of present instances where
women working in offices or as head
waitress In restaurants, with but, com
mon school educations, are receiving
salaries ejual to or in excess of those
paid to hlsh school teachers, who were
compelled to have as requirements a
common school, high school, college
and. in manw instances, post-graduate
course, to be eligible.
I do not mean to belittle the profes
sion. We must have good teachers. Our
youth pass their formative years undet
the guidarce of members of this noble
profession, and no more financial re
muneration can entirely offset the al
truistic services rendered.
In order to remove the temptation
now appealing to many of our best
teachers to desert the field for more
lucrative positions In commercial work,
I think that the salary should not only
be egual to what can be obtained in
other lines, but should. In addition, pay
commens.ira te return on the lung
years of preparation.
I am not a teacher, and have no rela
tives who are, but am strongly in fa
vor of an equitable Increase being
given. A TAXPAYER.
TUB MEN WHO SITCEED.
This Is the wall of the many who -fall
"What if our courage forcake us?
What if we wander afar from the trail?
What If defeat overtake us?"
This is the creed of the men who suc
ceed
"Rise up at once and get started;
Plod right along over mountain and
mead.
And climb to the heights, strong
hearted." EVERETT EARLE STANARD.
Memorable Dates.
MOSIER. Or.. Mar 3. (To the Edi
tor.) Please prin the date of the sink
ing of the Lusttania, and also that of
the Titanic disaster.
Sl'RSPRTBPR
The Titanic was wrecked April H.
1912: the Lusitar.la was sunk May 7.
1915.
n