8 THE 3IORNIXG OREGOXIAX, MONDAY, 3IAY o, 1019. ESTABLISHED BI HEBI I PITTOCK. Published by The Oregonlan Publishing- Co. 135 Sixth Street, 1'ortland. Oresron. C. A. MOKDEN, E. B. WPKB, Manager. - Editor. The Oregonian is a member of the Asso ciated Presj. The Associated Press ia ex clusively entitled to the uae for republica tion of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper, and also the local news published herein. All rights of republication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Subscription rates Invariably in advance: (By Mail.) Paliy, Sunday Included, one year. ?S.uO Ially, Sunday Included, nix months 4.25 lally, Sunday Included, three months. . . . -.- I.aily. Sunday included, one month ?" Lally, without Sunday, one year. ........ 6.00 Iaily. without Sunday, six months. ..... . Daily, without Sunday, one month .no "Weekly, one year. ................ 1 O" Sunday, one year. ...................... Sunday and weekly. (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday Included, one year f,3.00 Dally, Sunday included, one mont'i. ..... . Dally, Sunday included, three months. .. . 22j Daily, without Sunday, one year .80 Dally, without Sunday, three months . . . Dally, without Sunday, one month 05 How to Kemit Send postoffico money or der, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at own er's risk. Give postoffico address in full. In cluding county and state. Postage Rate 12 to 16 pages, 1 cent: 18 to 3ii pagBS. . cents; 34 to 48 pages. 3 cents: 60 to 60 pages; 4 cents: 62 to 76 pages, 0 centa; 78 to 82 pages, 6 cents. Foreigntpost age. double rates. Eastern Business Office Verree Conk lin, Brunswick building. New York: Verree & Conklln. Steger building. Chicago; Verree & Conklln. Free Press building. Detroit. Mich.; San Francisco representative. R. J. Bldwell. MR. WILSON AND A THIRD TERM. The rumor-finders of the newspapers and the gossip-peddlers of the poli ticians are ones more busy with specu lation as to whether President Wilson may not be a candidate for a third term. It is an interesting and more or less fruitful subject. The president makers may, indeed, have what they regard as inside information they al ways have or they may be seeking merely to make conversation. Or they may be doing both. It is a part Of tha great art of saying something interest ing about a question which .has an appeal for the whole American people. Everybody has his idea about it, and everybody knows that it Is as good an idea as any other's idea. Unquestionably the democratic party will make Mr. Wilson its candidate if he desires. There is no serious debate anywhere about that one phase of the situation. It becomes important, then, for the party and its managers to know whether he will stand for a third term or whether he would accept if tendered the nomination, say, unani mously. Probably it will be known before long if the former contingency an outright candidacy is contem plated. It will be necessary to grease the skids for the smooth and success ful launching of the third Wilson ship. If It shall develop within the next few months that the nomination of any other than Mr. Wilson is a hopeless enterprise, and particularly if the re publican party should fall into the un pardonable error of making the league of nations the great Wilson achieve ment a campaign issue, it is likely enough that the demand upon Presi dent Wilson to run again will be well nigh irresistible, and he may consent. So it is well enough to consider the situation as it will probably present itself at the White House and with the political advisors of the president, if he has any whom he still trusts. Does Mr. Wilson desire to be presi dent again? Could Mr. Wilson be re-elected? Is it wise to risk the danger of a defeat, thus ending in disaster his re markable career? Has the no - third - term precedent validity and should it receive consid eration by the president without refer ence to its effect on any contemplated candidacy? The inquiry as to whether President Wilson might regard favorably another term, from the standpoint of his per sonal wishes, may pt-operly be raised in view of the fact that the burdens of the office will be little less onerous in the final four years than in the pre vious eight. The strain upon him has been very great, especially since the European war began In 1814; and it is inconceivable that the great decisions he was called upon to make, and the enormous responsibilities to assume, for himself, for one hundred million people and for the world, should not have weighed heavily upon him at all times. Some signs have appeared that the tension has been telling on him and considerations - of his health are not to be lightly cast aside, either by him or by his friends. He has himself given a hint that he "looked forward to the time when he. could cast aside the presidency, with its perplexities, anxieties, difficulties, gravities and above all, its trusteeship for practically all humanity, and devote himself to the writing of history, rather than the making of it an intellectual occupa tion entirely congenial to his tastes and his capacities, and a dignified and worthy service besides to his genera tion. But if the assumption is to be ac cepted that the-president vmight yield to the importunities of his party or respond to tne call or his country, as you will and consent to a third can ciiaacy it remains to be canvassed whether or not he can be elected. It appears to be taken for granted that the justification for his unprecedented action will lie in the opposition the republican party is expected to orfer to the league of nations, making It inevitable that Mr. Wilson defend his own labors and their results. Even casual study of the field will disclose that the republican party has no ores ent intention of making war on the league of nations; but it is more likely to seek credit for a great international enterprise made . acceptable to the American reople through republican insistence on certain vital changes Would the Monroe doctrine have been recognized in the covenant except for the republican senators and other leaders? Would the clause for withdrawal have been inserted except for them?' Would domestic questions, such as immigration and the tariff, have been explicitly reserved to determination by the member nations? Unquestionably republican statesmen have stood sponsor for these amend ments, and it will be difficult to ex clude them from large credit for them. A likely development is that the repub lican party will insist that the league is a non-partisan project the democ racy has already so declared it and claim with the president an equal share in its formulation and adoption. But whatever the developments as to partisan color behind the league propa ganda, it is becoming clear that its ratification and its assignment to the realm of things accomplished are prob able in the present year; and it will be out of the way for the campaign of 1920, except as the two great political parties may "point with pride" to what has been gloriously done. With the league not ratified, and f peace not secured, and with Mr. Wil-' son a candidate, the historic American ! attitude against a third term, growing out of Washington's example, must be seriously considered. Will the-overwhelming purpose of America to enter the league, and the enthusiasm for its principal sponsor, override all other considerations? Somehow we are in clined to wonder if, a year hence, when the duties America will have assumed through the league will be more ap parent than now, and when the diffi culties of performance will present themselves on many sides, the popu larity of the new policy for America in undertaking to be trustee and guardian for all the world will be so great? Whether it is or not, who will say that opposition to a third term for any president will not influence thou sands and even millions of votes? If such considerations enter the dem ocratic mind as they must they will make a third term. In any circum stances a venture of doubtful expe diency; and in some circumstances such as failure to find or, create any division between parties over the league a rash and desperate scheme. But whatever the politicians may do, the decision, of course, will be with the president. That he will desire to retire, without reference to any politi cal exigency or probability, would be natural conclusion; and that he could or would be inveigled into any foolish or dangerous experiment with his own prestige and . his place in history, is another natural conclusion. OREGON FIRST ONCE MORE. J By exceeding its quota of the victory loan by popular subscription a week before, the date set for closing the cam paign Oregon has firmly established its claim to the title of the patriot state and the volunteer slate. . Portland by a splendid run to the finish has fixed its place as the leader among cities in patriotic endeavor. While Iowa and Michigan have re ported completion of their quotas be fore Oregon, it Is well understood that the banks underwrote their totals be fore the people at large had subscribed them. Therefore Oregon claims first place among states which raised their quota by direct subscription. Oregon's success is an unquestioned expression of ' the patriotism of the men and women who worked for the loan and of the people who answered their call. This is the crowning victory of Ore gon's and Portland's unblemished rec ord for 100 per cent Americanism. It proves the state's patriotism to be a steadily burning flame, as strong and clear after victory has been won in the field as while the result still trembled in the balance. Although the impulse of daily" news oil physical combat no longer drives them, the people are as ready to pay the price after the. goal is won as while the nations were still striving toward it. The victory loan is a debt of honor owed by the nation to the men who went through the fastnesses of the Argonne, through the Hindenburg line and the Flanders mud, and Oregon promptly steps forward and pays its share. -No dishonored notes will re main from the war, so far as Oregon can prevent. WHO STARTED THE FICME DEMAND f Italy's claim to Fiume dates no far ther back than last December, a month or six weeks after the armistice with Austria. -Up to that time Italy had claimed no more Austrian territory than was conceded by the treaty of London, which did not give it Fiume On December 18 the Italian-American news bureau, which says it is "under the auspices of the Italian govern ment," sent out a map showing in black the areas which the London treaty proposed to take from Austria and give to Italy. Those areas do not include 'Fiume and they leave to the Jugo-Slavs about sixty miles of coast near that port, and southern Dalmatia from Spalato downward. With the map the following printed matter was sent out; Studying the map attentively It will be seen at once that contrary to the untruths asserted -by the industrious propagandists. Italy does not deny access to the sea to any people living east of the Dlnario Alps. . Contrary to what Italy is represent ed by its enemies, that country has neve opposed the policy of nationalities and the free determination of peoples. The policy enunciatea ny resiuent Wilson wag th policy followed by the Italian govemmen beiore America entered the struggle. But in )ecember, correspondents write from Italy, propaganda broke out all over the country proclaiming that Italy won the war and that Italy should have the entire coast ."of the Adriatic sea. Gabrielle d'Annunzlo took the. lead, as in the pro-war agitation in 1815, but it 'broke out in the old familiar centers of pro-German propa ganda and it was accompanied by slanders on and abuse of the Amerl cans and British. Extreme demands on the part, of an ambitious nation which has won a sweeping victory are not surprising, but it is cause for won der that the statesmen' should have been carried away and should not have seen the danger. Is it not possible that the Germten have inflamed Italian ambition and have incitt'd suspicion of Italy as to theallies? Their propaganda machinery is Complete. Their best hope of escap' ing punishment is division among the allies. ' What better means could be found than to assist the chauvinists in stirring up the people to make impos sible demands and, when they were rejected, to arouse hatred of the allies Of course,-the Germans do not care which of their enemies gets Fiume, since they cannot have it, but the next best thing to getting it is to sot thci enemies to quarreling over it. ONE RILE FOR itai.y, another FoiiiWances steps toward citizenship am JAPAe, T active interest In the welfare of th The secret treaty of London awards, Dalmatia tq Italy,' but President Wil son .protests against the annexation as a' violation of the rights of the Jugo slavs and of the principle of self determination. Britain and France approve his position, though" they were the chier parties to the treaty and though it was the -consideration prom ised for Italy's help in the war. By the secret treaty of Pekin, signed 1n.l9l5 and forced on China by Japan's threat of war, China granted to Japan rights In Kiau-Chou which were equiv alent to ownership and sovereignty. China protested then and protested again at the peace conference. China declared war on Germany in 1917, and thereby acquired the same claim to considerationof its rights as the Jugo slavs had. , The allies have taken away what is China's and given it to Japan, thus confirming a claim- .founded on force threatened by Japan in 1915 and exer cised by Germany in 1898. Thin is an award not between an enemy and an ally, but between two allies, or be tween an ally and an associate, to use the technical distinction adopted at Paris. . -Fiume was not awarded to Italy by the treaty of London and was not claimed by Italy until after the armis tice with Austria was signed. The claim was founded on an , alleged popular' vote, by which the, majority of the people declared for annexation to Italy. ' This was a show of com pliance with the- principle of self-. determination, though the - suburbs, which are overwhelmingly Slav, were not permitted to vote, and though many Slavs had fled before the Italian ccupation. ' The Chinese population of Kiau- Chou has had no . opportunity to say whether It prefers Japanese to Chinese rule. It has been given' no right of self-determination, but is handed as a pawn to Japan, after the manner of the congress of Vienna- Why is the rule so loudly proclaimed as applying to Italy's claims on Flume and Dalmatia not applied equally to Japan's claim on Kiau-Chou? Why is the sympathy so liberally and Justly extended to the Jugo-Slavs not also extended to the Chinese? One by one the fourteen points are broken or blunted by political expe diency. " LOADS WHICH NATIONS CARRY. Figures are commonly considered dry and uninteresting, but big figures have certain fascination even for those who shy at statistics. That is more particularly true of the big figures by which alone the outstanding facts of the great war can be expressed. They have been put In easily intelligible form by Harvey E. Fisk of the Bankers' Trust company of New York in a book entitled "The Public Debt," and deal ing with that phase of the war's results. They show that, when all settlements have been made, the debt of the United States may reach 130,000,000,000, but will be reduced by what the allies owe us to about $20,000,000,000. This com pares with about $36,000,000,000 for Great Britain, from which f 5,000,000, 000 must be deducted as due from allies and dominions: $36. 000.000. 000 for France, $12,600,000,000 for Italy and $39,000,000,000 for Germany. The weight of the load carried by each nation .can only be conveyed by comparing the amount of the debt pet capita and the national wealth per capita, also by comparing the Interest per capita to be paid each year with the average income per capita. This shows that each American owes $224 of his country's debt, each Briton $782 each Frenchman $900, each Italian $350 and each German $600. The per centage of debt to national wealth in each case is: United States, 8; Great Britain, 30; France, 40; Italy, 31.60; Germany, 48.75. The amount of wealth per capita is still more striking, for it shows the means of payment in the hands of each citizen of each country. This is: United States, $2803; Great Britain, $2608; France, $2250; Italy, $1111; Germany, $1231. The American with the most means has the smallest debt. The combined national wealth of all the other four nations exceeds that of the United States alone by only 10 per cent, being $380,000,000,000 against $300,000,000,000. The comparison of interest payable annually per capita and of income per capita leads to the same conclusion It shows that out of $560 the Ameri can must pay $9.34, the Briton $34.24 out of $387. the Frenchman $45 out of $300, the Italian $15.22 out of $208 and the German $30 out of $154. The nations are starting on a race for industrial and commercial suprem acy. . It is as though a number of run ners started on a Marathon race, each with a pack on his back. One man's pack weighs 10 pounds', another's 30 pounds and others' varying weights per haps up to 100 pounds. We can imagine how long the 100-pound man would last against the 10-pound man. Uncle Sam is the 10-pound man. AMERICA TOR AMERICANS. It would be prpfitless to search for an economic reason why the natural products of water should be adminis tered differently from the natural products of land. - There is no funda mental reason why the public should permit a method of exploiting the fish in the public's waters that is denied exploitation of timber on the public's lands. In an article published recently Fish Commissioner Darwin of the state of Washington contrasted fisheries and land grants in that state in mat ters of the administration required or permitted by law in each' instance. No one would countenance a gift of the timber on state lands to citizens or aliens, yet in one year Washington will permit the giving away of $12,000,000 worth of fish from state waters. Seventy-five per cent of this fisheries gift will go to persons not citizens and 40 per cent to alien enemies. A similar contrast might be made in Oregon, were figures and estimates immediately available. Fishing goes forward under a licensing system and thus pays some moneys into the public treasury, but the public puts back this income into hatcheries and adminis tration, in order to collect licenses another year for keeping up the supply the succeeding year, and so on indetV nitely. The public's net return is a food supply, for which it pays hand somely to those engaged in the busi ness of taking and selling and preserv ing fish. Because the salmon matures In four years, while a fir tree hardly grows to merchantable size within the human generation, the, public's management of Its fisheries eould. perhaps, be coun tenanced if only citizens were engaged in commercial fishing. But in the past in Oregon a declaration of inten tion to become a citizen has been qualification for the privilege of en tering that occupation. In most in- d e country have stopped with the decla ration. Such fishermen have been indiffer ent to conservation- and permanence of the industry. Although fees are ex pended plainly for the benefit of the fisherman who intends to remain in the iridustry, an earlier day saw alien fishermen constantly seeking evasion through the conflicts and differences in laws affecting the Columbia river. The sole motive seems to have been to make as much as possible In as short a time as possible. About two years ago there were many renewals of first citizenship papers by fishermen. Inasmuch as ,a declaration of intent to become a citizen is . not a legal basis for final citizenship papers after seven years, it was ruled that first papers more than 'seven years old did not qualify an alien for fishing license or location. The declaration thus became, again, a mere matter of convenience and personal profit.- - It meant nothing to the man who subscribed to its obli gations. It was not in his eyes a decla ration of intent to attach himself to the Ideals and government of America, but only a formality that would enable him to engage in a profitable occupation, so it happened when' off! cials and legislators of Oregon" and Washington attempted to agree last winter on legislation that would make full citizenship a requisite to fishing. it was discovered, or at least contended. that fishing was so fully in the hands of aliens that the industry would fail if alien fishermen were immediately shorn of their rights. The legislation was defeated in Washington. In Ore gon it was adopted, but sufficient time was given aliens operating most of the gear to complete the citizenship osten sibly begun when they filed their declaration. The war, with Its attendant Inquiry into every man's status and capabili ties, opened the country's eyes to two outstanding deficiencies. It revealed an unsuspected high percentage of illiteracy, confined mostly to persons of foreign birth or descent, yet citizens of America; it revealed wide exploita tion of natural and other resources and business itself by aliens. Both are conditions that must be overcome if this is to continue a nation "of people with one elemental Idea of government. a people confirmed in national pride. loyal to .America's Institutions and In terested in its progress stnd prosperity Illiteracy is a money loss to the nation, for experts calculate that a person who can apply mind as well as body to his work can earn at least $5 a week more than an illiterate. If 10,000,000 illiterates - were educated. this would mean an increase in earning power of $2,600,000 a year. To meet this situation the Smith- Bankhead bill was introduced in the last congress. It provides a federal fund to be allotted among the states in proportion to their Illiterate and non-English-speaking population, to be expended by the states under federal supervision and on a plan approved by the federal bureau of education. It is the Lane Americanization bill, designed to make the population of the United States 100 per cent Ameri can, and It is indorsed by the news papers of both parties and all sections. It is doubtless disapproved by the bolshevtsts, which is an additional recommendation. Seattle's biggest show begins today. The plot Is simple and more or less thrilling. A girl allows herself to win the fickle love of another woman's husband, and in his absence kills the wife with poison. The state steps in and charges her with murder, and would administer penalty. Ruth Gar rison in the leading role. All but the back rows reserved for the morbid minded. Time of run indefinite. Weeps, snickers, laughs, ad lib., ad nauseum. If the Russians ehoud finally exter minate the bolshevists, small thanks will be due to the allies, and the new government may be expected to greet their envoys with an expression which would say, ""Why were you not on hand when ve needed you?" Russia has no cause for affection for Ger many, but that fact may be forgotten in the new resentment of the allies' neglect. Any allusion by Czar Burleson's critics to his tyranny over the wires calls forth a loud retort about second- class mail, which lawyers would pro nounce irrelevant and immaterial. though Mr. Burleson has been sending telegrams by mail. The czar is under such a hot and accurate cross-fire that he is sure to be brought down. Determination of soldiers who' for merly lived In the cities to migrate to the west for "bigger opportunities" Is promising, and may be needed'as an offset to the country boys who, having tasted of community life in scamp, are reluctant to return to the comparative solitude of the farm. Orlando and Wilson are now trying to get together In such a way that each can say the other made the first ad vances. They are very particular about their dignity, but the rest of the world does not care a rap about that. It wants to get that treaty out of the way and go back to work. Chairman Hurley tells us if we will only wait he will let us build the per fect ship and lots of it. We're waiting; there s nothing else to do. But we should much rather be building ships that are not quite perfect. The idealism is being squeezed out of the peace treaty by national selfish ness and the hard facts of each na tion's necessity. The treaty will soon be as Insipid as a bottle of seltzer when the cork leaks. Why the insect is called the lady bug Is not understandable, considering her mission is to devour smaller bugs. That is not a ladylike way of living. A "lady" who bites "another lady" Is no "lady" at all. Assistant Secretary Roosevelt is an Indian giver in his. dealings with the battleship Oregon. He should know the volunteer state better than to sus pect that it would neglect the old ship after getting it. China now experiences the sensa tions of the man whose house is on fire and who sees his neighbor save his furniture only to carry it away to the neighbor's house. The man nat urally thinks he might as well have let it burn. As college fraternities must pay the war tax on clubs, it wilt not be pos sible to find a defender for the luxury tax at college debates. The "frat" luxury, indeed! It is the first necessary of college life. A colored man caught with colored water alleged to be liquor is too much an off-color scheme to get on the blotter as anything but vagrancy. While Portland has much interest in all games played by the Beavers, the real "pep" will break out at the Seattle-Portland contests. One thing that gives people respect for a federal court is the Impartial manner In which wealthy men arte fined for violation of law. And because Oregon closed Us quota Saturday all the elements united in a regular summer day, with all its glories of field and air.- A new, modern hotel is a county seat's-best- asset, and that is what Heppner is soon to getT Clean-up week comes easy in Oregon following cleaning up the victory quota- Continue that saving habit. There' another loan in sight dim. yet visible. All the drives now will be little ones and easy. The "old spinster" hurdled it. Those Who Come and Go. The tendency to disregard the hoary traditions of the past and the well proven practices of another day is de plored by Elliott P. Scroggins of Will- lamsburg. Mass. Mr. Scroggins was deeply pained yesterday to note that Portland victory gardeners were "ab solutely inviting, sir, disaster," by not remembering that maxim of all good gardeners: "Plant in the light and the dark of the moon." Planting: in the dark of the moon, the Massachusetts visitor declared, at the Imperial hotel, was inviting disaster so far as concerns corn, tomatoes, peas and beans and other above-ground products of the soil. They should be planted while old Luna was visible, he asserted. "And yet, sir. in this day and age when It behooves us all to get the best possible from the soil, it seems nothing short of fatal to observe, as I did today, gardeners calm ly planting potatoes, which, with a moment's thought, they could have deferred until moonless nights appear." That wound stripe fairly shouted: "Tea. bo, in the Argonne." It was even so. Corporal David Smith, on a three day pass from the base hospital at Camp Lewis, was at the Imperial yes terday. He was gassed and wounded with shrapnel when his outfit relieved Whittlesey's "lost battalion" in Ar gonne woods. In which was Private Woodson Scoggln, also of Fossil, who was a pal of the Smith lad. Corporal Smith expects the Camp Lewis doctors to "turn mm, loose" In a lew weens and maintains in the meantime. "Don't print anything that" will make my mother worry." So. Mother Smith of Fossil, your boy is looking in the best of health and weighs more than he ever did in his life. He'll be back at Fossil before you know It. The villain who intimated that on the famous Sunday stock train which, bye tha bye. carries stock to Portland, with one passenger car. at a greater speed than the passengers of the limit ed enjoy there was a more or less gen tle poker game "enjoyed." had better eware. It seems that eastern Oregon wives have been somewhat curious as to what happened to the contents of undry stockmen's pocketbooks. Hence. formal denial is hereby submitted oy Sol Dlckerson. Welser. Idaho; "Jim" Toner, Walla Walla; J. M. Mitchell. Jo- eph, and J. H. Luck. Pendleton. Be It nderstood. in the future, that poKer is not played on the stock train er that is. you know, no far as the general public Is concerned. The quartet of stockraisers were at the Imperial. Captain E. R. Budd can carol to him self: ."I am monarch of all I survey." Captain Budd is superintendent of a division of the. railroad track now being nerated by Uncle Sam. It used to be the llwaco division of the Union Pa- iflc. Three engines, seven passenger cars., a few freight cars, ii miles oi traclrand a few employes are at Cap tain Budd'a beck and call. He came to the Imperial for a few days' exhil aration after the restful winter weeks on the North Beach peninsula. Cap- ain Budd also "superintends" the learner Nahcotta, which plies across the Columbia. Hence his title. It gives W. A. McKenzle great pleas ure. Indeed, to proclaim that at Golden dale, whence he hails, there are mora miles of paving than in any other city of the same size in the united States. Not so very long ago. Mr. McKenzle was forced to do business almost in the style of a Kansas bootlegger. The flu closed up the city. Stores were closed to customers. A discreet knock at the door and the storekeeper brought the desired goods to the half-opened door. Mr. McKenzle does not allude to those times as the "good old days." There is grave danger that 6-year- old Edward Jackson of Seattle may de velop into as successful a financier as his father, Frank C. Jackson, an in vestment broker of the Puget sound metropolis. Edward was visiting his father at the Portland hotel yesterday. 'I had a pup which had fleas." he told a reporter. "Mamma said I had to give the pup away. So I took it to a neigh bor and sold it for 50 cents and 14 eggs, and mamma gave me 60 cents for the eggs. But I didn't tell them that Bus ter had fleas. Perhaps they might not have wanted to buy him." While the presumption that they were hiding away in Portland until any anarchists' bombs had been duly tested at Salem, was in the circum stances, quite a natural one. Supreme Court Justices Lawrence T. Harris, H. L. Benson and George H. Burnett wish it distinctly understood that they are merely passing a pleasant week-end In Portland at the Imperial. Any theories, ideas or suggestions that bombs have anything to do with their visit is im material, irrelevant and has no bear ing thereto. While hop yards are being plowed up and hop raising seems to be on its last legs in Oregon, here comes Major w. Lewis Rose, late of the British army Whether Major Rose has an inside tip that prohibition is not due in England, he did not say, but It transpired that the major has purchased a large hop yard at Independence and Intends to ko into the business in quite extensive fashion. Major Lewis was at the Portland hotel yesterday. Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Wlgan, of Glf- ford, England, have been compelled to forego that good old English breakfast bacon recently In "Blighty." for "don't you know. It really is not fit to eat now." So, when Mr. and Mrs. Wigan arrived in Portland yesterday and reg istered at the Portland hotel, you arc permitted Just one prucss as to what Mr. wigan ordej-ed for breakfast Right, first time. Loaded up with letters of introduc tion to the great and near-great of the Pacific coast, Mr. and Mrs. J. A D. McCready, extensive landowners of To ronto, Canada, arrived In Portland yes terday in the course of an extensive tour of the northwest. They were reg istered at the Portland. CUBBOOM DOING GOOD SERVICE Portland Woman Flnda New Tork Head quarter Appreciated by Soldiers. PORTLAND, May 3. (To the EdI tor.) Have Just returned home alter several wee4ta spent In New York. Phil adelphia, Washington and Chicago. While in New York I visited Oregon headquarters for soldiers .m. sailors number of times, and always found some familiar faces of boys just re turned from overseas. I want to tell the people of Oregon that it Is the next best thing to a real home-coming for these boys. Tne club room is nicely furnished wltn chairs. tables, piano und desks. You will also find the late magazines, piners and games. All Oregon visitors try to do something for the boys that will add to their happiness You need only to tell them that you are from Oregon and their faces arc wreathed with smiles. If friends of the boys wish to send something to the club. I wou!d suggest loganberry jam, salmon, minted ham in fact, anything that will mske sandwiches. CofCee, sandwiches, cake, fruit, candy and nuts are served from 12 M. until 11 P. M. I know it would be very much appreciated if our whole sale houses anl candy manufacturers would remember them. It is quite a tusk to serve-from 73 to 209 boys a day. but there are always willing hxuds from home eager to do their part. Now if every Orejronian. visitinir New York wants a real welcome from K bunch of the finest boys in the United Slates, let him rail at 425 Seventh ave nue. New York. MRS. EDWIN J. HALL. 705 Davis eireet. The Genius Friend. Dt Grace K. Hall. ' That friend who pleases most is he whose tact Makes us to. feel we have what he has lacked: Who has an intuition kind and keen. By which ho seems to pierce our mental screen. And liking what he sees, himself draws there, , As with a maaric pencil, sketches rare- Some new device that pleases us im mensely, And leaves us liking what he drew, in tensely! That friend who fits our mood- its few friends do Is he who disappears from out the view. Blending his thoughts with ours until we glow. And filled with rapture tell him all we know! Trusting, howe'er, when he has gone away He'll quite forget the foolish things we say; His genius lies in bemg just a friend. And genius so we figure cannot end! MODERN BUILDINGS IV DEMAND Stagnation of Three Years Developing late Acute A ced. PORTLAND. May 1. (To the Ed itor.) Now comes to pass, from re ports from all quarters, a condition that was predicted by close observers Immediately following the govern ment's declaring the building construe tion business as nonessential to the winning of the war. It simply stood to reason that a busi ness that was essential In times of peace to tho extent of $1,800,000,000 taxable property per annum could not be cut down in one swoop to 10 per cent of that amount and not result a the close of the war in a condition of acute need. While it is true that not many are as yet going ahead with needed work, not having assiralllated the new basil of costs for labor and' material, yet it is safe to say that if all the figuring that is going on right now on the quiet resulted in the work going ahead we would be unable to find workmen to handle It. Somehow it does not seem possible It cannot bo possible that contractors who . up till now have all and always been perfectly happy In doing work for nothing should now be actually and openly adding into their bids and estimates a little item of profit after including cost of bonds, liability insurance, overhead, etc Isn't it true that up-to-date hotels are overcrowded? Are modern apartments not filled? In it not a fact that a great number of offerings in homes and other buildings are old style, out of repair, etc.? May we not justly conclude that It requires mere effort to produce a sat isfactory return now on an obsolete building than ever before? Does it not require the pinch of necessity to keep such buildings occupied? Are not peo ple who rent, whether house or apart ment, more particular, more flnickal, more desirous of up-to-date living con ditions, more unwilling to be housed In quarters rich in their heritage of ob solescence than in any time past? Does not the same apply to modern work men and workwomen? If such is the case, what shall we do? What shall the building owner of the obsolete, unmod ern building do? Is it too much to ask of him to be a good Bible scholar and a sport and "pull down and build larger ? The question is how far is it proper for sanitary engineers, uplifters and the building interests to go in their great programme of propaganda against obsolescent buildings and bad conditions? May we not even under present circumstances go too far In urging new building operations, so that just as the- property ownr has surrendered and said, "I will tear down and build larfrer." the tax-gatherer will say to him, "Thou fool, next spring thy soul shall be required of thee'r It would appear to be safe to say that old-type buildings will not fill the con ditions of the present, for the world at large has learned many things dur ing and because of the war and one IS the Importance of good buildings, well lighted, sanitary workrooms and at tractive surroundings, in their relation to better work and increased output It will be essential for many indus tries to move into new and better quar ters as soon as possible. Looking at the building problems from the standpoint of up-to-dateness, the stagnation of the last three years has no doubt caused a shortage that will show up very shortly and develop into an acute need in all lines. A contributing factor to this condl tion is the fact that owners are not as prompt as formerly (with low wages and material costs) to repair old build Ings. There is no question but there Is a decided slump this spring In up keep work. All of which goes to Indicate that wages and material can climb to such heights that high prices defeat their own ends. At any rate present Indl cations are that there will be little Idleness thin year among the reliable building contractors who are disposed to do the fair thing by the employing public. O. C5. HL'GHSON, Manager Builders' Exchange, SILTF.R CHEVRONS. Yes. they are silver chevrons. Now grin, damn you, grin: 'Tis not enough that we were left,. Proceed to rub it in; I enlisted early In the game. With many thousands more. Expecting sure to go across And help to win the war; I volunteered to do my part. And thankful for the chance; My one desire was over there To do my bit in Frauce. I drilled in mud and rain and snow. In dust and scorching heat. From early morning until night. With tired and blistered feet. And aching back and throbing brow. Though I was well and stout. And often ere retreat I was Completely tuckered out. I never missed a single drill Nor kicked about the fare. Because of my desire to pass For service "over there." And when the regiments were formed For service overseas. The Old Man always turned me down, Nor listened to my pleas; And I was always thus advised: "Perhaps the next you may; But other units must be trained. And some of us must stay. And so it ran from month to month. My soul was sorely vexed: For ever came the same reply, "Not now, perhaps the next." To add insult to injury. Those measly Huns in France Like sneaking cowards had to quit Before we got our chance: Then Uncle Sam-invented this. Which we must wear, and so We advertise to all the world We did not get to go. Yes, they are silver chevrons. The fact I can't deny: And many, many thousands more Are just as sore as I. J. A BUCHANAN. Wben Insurance Beneficiary Dtea. A BE RDF EX. Wash.. May 3. (To the Editor.) If a soldier has his Insur ance made out to his father, and Is killed, then the father dies, will heirs get remainder of insurnnce? Ff to, how will it bo paid? SCBSCR13ER. The remainder will be paid hei.-s in monthly Installments. to the In Other Days. Fifty Years A Co. From The Oreronian of May K. 1S!!. New York. The lawful money re serve In the national banks of New Tork City April 11 was nearly $54,000. 000, exclusive of the amount required by law to be kept in reserve, IT,000,000. We understand the experiment of a high school in this city is likely to prove a great success. It has been in operation two weeks and the number of scholars exceeds 50. Washington. The constitutions ef Virginia, Mississippi and Texas have been framed, authorizing election of state officers and members of congress and now have the endorsement of the president. It is reported that the woolen fac tory at Salam has suspended work temporarily on account of ohaving ex hausted the supply of wool. Twenty-five Yean Age. From The Oregonian ef May 0. 1894. Washington. Arguments in the trial of Coxey and his lieutenants. Browne and Jones, were made in police court today. While the engineer and fireman of a motor on the Mount Scott and South Mount Tabor railway were at dinner an unknown maniac boarded the car and ran It at top speed until it hit a switch and jumped the track. The man who was taken capitve only as "John Doe" was unhurt. George Morey. the convicted mur derer of Judge Barry, will bo sentenced to death for a second time on Monday. The Columbia river transportation company was incorporated yesterday with a capitalization of $30,000 by C H. Leadbetter, F. W. Leadbetter and C. A. Bullon. CASE OF TEACHERS OVERDRAWN Writer Finds Fault with Claaa ef At- Ksmeat In Favor of More Pay. PORTLAND, May S. (To the Edi tor.) I was present at a " woman's meeting one day this week when a lady, presumably delegated by the teachers, presented their side of the question of increased salaries. I feci sure she harmed their cause through misrepresentation and exag geration. She took as an examplo some little out-of-the-way place in the state where a small salary was paid and by dividing it by the full twelve months made it appear that $65 was about the average salary drawn by the teacher. An ex-teacher who was present ex plained the matter by using the actual time of work (five days per week and ten months per year) and showed that the teacher had really drawn over $6 per day. The speaker cited an Instance of a teacher who had two small boys to support and said she had to pay $10 per pair for their shoes. A lady near me whispered that she did not pay $10 for her own shoes and had a son who wore men's sizes and bought his siloes for ta and $7.50 per pair: he wore tennis shoes in the summer at $2.50 per pair. The speaker referred several times to the necessity of teachers attending the opera and taking trips during the summer time to fit them to be with the children. How many mothers (who happen to be with their children a bit of the time) afford trips to the opera or trips in the summer? Who would put up fruit, etc., if we all took two months off? Stenographers, clerks, bankers, get buv two weeks' vacation. But. says the speaker, they did not have to spend a long and expensive period In prepara tion. I believe investigation will prove that all good workers spent some long' hard months and years to become so.' Pharmacy men who have to take a long and expensive course of schooling to fit themselves for the profession are working 10 to 16 hours per day. Sun days, Included, and few of them get vacations, not more than two weeks at best.- There are two sides to a question always, and the teachers will gain more by sending representatives who present the matter fairly and ones who are prepared to answer all questions on the matter in an Intelligent manner. The speaker I refer to could not do so. FAIR PLAY. PAY SHOILD BE COMPENSATORY Teaekers Entitled to aa Much as Com- nierclal Workers, and More. PORTLAND. Or.. May 4. (To the Ed itor.) The increasing Interest now prevalent in respect or tne salaries oi teachers reminds ma of once wonder ing why a profession which required so vast an outlay of financial cost, time and hard study to fit its members for practical use. should, after all these preparations, prove but mediocre as to remuneration. In considering the standard of sal aries paid to teachers of the different trades and the high schools, a fact to De remembered always ia that they are paid on a ten-month basis. When transposed to a 12-month basis, the a vera go salary. In most Instances, falls considerably below the compensation earned by women in other line3 ot work, which have not required such long and co.-tiy preparation. In addi tion, a vacation of two or three week on ful! f'iV is commonly granted. Aside from holiday vacations, which do not come at a time permitting outdoor rec reation or rest, the teacher is denied this enjoyment. I know of present instances where women working in offices or as head waitress In restaurants, with but, com mon school educations, are receiving salaries ejual to or in excess of those paid to hlsh school teachers, who were compelled to have as requirements a common school, high school, college and. in manw instances, post-graduate course, to be eligible. I do not mean to belittle the profes sion. We must have good teachers. Our youth pass their formative years undet the guidarce of members of this noble profession, and no more financial re muneration can entirely offset the al truistic services rendered. In order to remove the temptation now appealing to many of our best teachers to desert the field for more lucrative positions In commercial work, I think that the salary should not only be egual to what can be obtained in other lines, but should. In addition, pay commens.ira te return on the lung years of preparation. I am not a teacher, and have no rela tives who are, but am strongly in fa vor of an equitable Increase being given. A TAXPAYER. TUB MEN WHO SITCEED. This Is the wall of the many who -fall "What if our courage forcake us? What if we wander afar from the trail? What If defeat overtake us?" This is the creed of the men who suc ceed "Rise up at once and get started; Plod right along over mountain and mead. And climb to the heights, strong hearted." EVERETT EARLE STANARD. Memorable Dates. MOSIER. Or.. Mar 3. (To the Edi tor.) Please prin the date of the sink ing of the Lusttania, and also that of the Titanic disaster. Sl'RSPRTBPR The Titanic was wrecked April H. 1912: the Lusitar.la was sunk May 7. 1915. n