THE MOKXIXG OirEGOKIAX, TTJEST3AT, STTSTC 33, '1918.
G
! STORY OF SALDNIGA
IVIOST ROMAWTIC ON
E
Much History Stranger Than
Fiction Made There.-
CITY DOMINATED BY JEWS
Present Population Largely Repre
sents Migration From Spain in
Fifteenth Centnrjr.
Ceprrtht tT the New Turk Herald Com-pur-
Published bv Arrangement.)
BY WILLIAM T. ELUS.
SALONICA. This l the East of ro
mance. Proud Olympus hoary head
yonder has looked upon stranger
scenes ami events than ever J-iomer
sans;. Beneath his brow have inarched
most of the conquering hosts of all
history, from the days of the young
Macedonian creamer. Alexander the
Great, to the present encampment of
the allied hosts here. The changes
have been no more wonderful than the
persistencies.
Fiction has few stories stranger than
that of the Salonica Jews and their
cult. There hare been Jews here since
before the Christian era. The Apostle
Paul found them here, as well ae the
Greeks. His chronicler. Dr. Luke, tells
how "The Jews which believed not.
moved with envy, took unto them cer
tain lewd fellows of the baser sort and
gathered a company, and set all the
city In an uproar" which has been a
continuing characteristic of Salonica
throughout the centuries. It was these
same Thessalonica Jews who followed
Paul to Berea and stirred up tbe peo
ple, thus causing the great apostle to
go to Athens.
Salonlca'a present Jewish population
represents a migration from Spain. At
the time when Columbus was discover
ing America, his royal patrons, Fer
dinand and Isabella, were driving out
the Jews of the nation. We do not
commonly associate this king and
queen, whose names are forever linked
with the voyage of Columbus, with the
Spanish Inquisition and Its cruelties:
but history cannot be unwritten. The
ravages or the Inquisition msde Spain
unendurable for the Jews; and it was
In the vers year 1493 that a large num
ber came to this beautiful harbor to
find a haven for themselves and to Im
part new vitality to the old city.
Kxilea Fiad Opportunity.
These Jewish exiles were rich and
educated, and commercially efficient.
They spread the tidings of tolerance
and opportunity for the Turk has ever
been more tolerant of the Jew than
have certain Christian nations. Scarce
ly a ship anchored in the sheltered
waters of Salonica harbor for the next
240 years that did not bring Jewish
Immigrants from Spain and elsewhere.
As a result Salonica la and long has
been a predominantly Jewish city.
Jews have constituted a majority of
the population. Not only have they
done the business of the place, but they
have furnished the artisans and labor
era. Among the eighty or ninety thou
sand Jews now In Salonica there axe
thousands who bend their backs to I
the burdens of stevedores and coolies.
Nowhere else on earth have I seen
Jews doing heavy manual labor. Here,
like the Turkish or Kurdish hamals.
they wear reed saddles on their backs
and carry two or three hundred pounds.
There is no kind of heavy and hard
work that they do not do. Doubtless
the stranger Is first impressed with
the stately rabbis, in their fur-lined
gaberdines: and with the women,
whose hair hangs down their backs,
enclosed in a green embroidered bag,
usually decorated near the end with a
large, square design In sewn pearls.
But the real sight of sights, the wonder
of wonders, is the poor, patient, indus
trious Jewish workingman. He Is tbe
answer to the common criticism of
Zionism that Jews will not work ae
laborers, farmers and mechanics.
Other Kleaveate Sahaaerfced.
Therein Is the explanation of how thj
Jews oame to submerge all the other
cosmopolitan elements of the city
Greeks, Turks, Bulgers. Italians and
the general Levantine assortment of
peoples. The Jews followed all callings,
and hence were dependent upon no
other group or race. To this day there
are some so.000 Jews in Salonica, more
than half the civilian population. Some
are rich and cultured, but many are
very poor. A representative of the
American joint committee for Jewish
relief, htin Goldman. Is now here seek
ing the amelioration of the lot of these
poor. Many of them will emigrate as
soon as possible, and to America if that
is permitted.
Of all the phases and lncHents of the
life of the Salonica Jews, the most in
teresting Is represented by the presence
of from 15.000 to 0.000 Deunmehs. or
Jewish Moslems. Kver since the year
lift these people have been a com
munity apart, living their own life,
never Irrter-marrying with other religi
ons, and looked upon with suspicion by
Jew. Moslem and Christian. They have
wielded power out of all proportion to
their numbers, and amid them was born
the Turkish revolution that overthrew
Adbul llamld.
In all the history of religious move
ments there Is no parallel for this story,
with the loyalty of the followers de
spite tbe disloyalty of the founder. The
sect bad Its beginning In l5i. when a
Smyrna rabbi, a certain Sabbatai Cert,
arose and proclaimed himself to be the
long expected Mesatah of the Jews. A
man of force and leadership, as well as
mystical visionary. Sabbatai soon set
his world astir. He added to his Jew
la beliefs and claims a strain of mysti
cism and of asceticism, such as has al
ways made a strong appeal to the pro
pine of the Mediterranean region. He
espoused the Cabbala cult and imparted
the mysteries thereof to his disciples.
" leuUk" Wakes Coaverra.
Everywhere he went and he toured
the region which had been the whole
world of the Bible Sabbatai made con
verts, especially among the Jews.
Greeks and others, especially a group
of mystics in Poland, were added to the
rapidly growing religion. This "les
atah" trained a corns of able dlclples
S. Genuine tf
w ,"-j'VV)BuUer M
' .ftL-n i ui mm i "
who carried his claim afar. "Wherever
Sabbatai himself went there were out'
breaks of religious frensy, and the Sa
lonica Jews in particular went wild
over him not the rabble only, but the
educated and highly placed.
For an ascetic and mystic Sabbatai
had the most sweeping wordly ambi
tions. He claimed earthly dominions
and called himself "King of Kings."
He distributed fiefs and baronies and
kingdoms among his followers like a
sovereign of the middle ages. He even
spoke openly of the dethronement of
the sultan a feat which his followers
actually accomplished more than two
centuries later.
Naturally, the sultan would not brook
this and Sabbatai was thrown into
nrisnn. after more than a decade of
Increasingly successful propoganda. The
xeal of his followers was oniy nun.--cned
by the persecution. So formidable
had the movement become that the
leader was summoned before the sultan
personally and examined. There he
was given the choice between recanta
tion and death. Except he should
Abandon all his claims and -adopt the
Mohammedan faith he would lose his
Sabbatai was not of martyr stuff. He
Dreferred to wear his head, even with
a turban on It. So he made the profes
sion that 'There is no god but allah,
and Mohammed Is his prophet." This.
however, did not disrupt the body of
believers. So complete and lanaticai
was their faith in Sabbatai that they
assumed he had some tfbcp laid design
in his recantation, so they followed him
In this also and became, outwardly,
Moslems.
5ee1s Loyalty I hakes.
No outsider really knows the real be
liefs of the "Maminlm." or "true be
lievers." as they call themselves; or
-Deunmeha." or converts," as they are
designated by the--Turks. Outwardly
they conform to Mohammedan rites.
Secretly they hold the Jewish faith
and practice cabalistic rites and the
asceticism of Sabbatai. For 250 years
they have kept aloof from the rest of
the world- and remained loyal to the
Messiah" who betrayed them.
Out of the ranks of these Moslem
Jews have come men of power in the
commercial and political world. They
are a prosperous, progressive people.
The men have widely adopted Free
Masonry and out of their lodges and
other secret meetings grew the Turk
ish revolution which overthrew Sultan
Abdul Haraid in 1908. As is generally
understood, the committee of union and
progress is a secret organixation, whose
real leaders have ever remained In
the background, hidden and unknown.
This is a direct Inheritance from the
secret sect of the Deunmeha. for the
union and progress leaders were mem
bers of this mysterious cult. Salonica
Jews led the Turkish revolution. Now
that Enver and Talaat and Djemal and
the other Turkish leaders are in exile
the real power behind them remains
safe and unpunished, because unknown
to the public.
With this corner of the earth again
in a ferment and awaiting new and
better leadership, one wonders whether
the virile Jews of Salonica will again
have tbe man for the hour.
-SLAV PACT REPORTED
GERMANS AXD BOLSHKVIKI DE
CLARED IX HARMONY.
Hard-and-Fast Offensive and De
fensive Alliunce Said to Have
Just Been Concluded.
(Xew York World Service. Published by
Arrangement. )
LONDON. April 21. (Special cable.)
"I learn from well-informed
sources that a formal treaty was
signed between Germany and the Rus
sion bolshevik! last week," says the
Warsaw correspondent of the Daily
Telegraph. "The actual agreement is
not yet known in public circles, but
from private and well-informed sources
I know it Includes the following main
points:
"1. The boisnevig government snaii
apply a milder policy toward Russian
industry, toward munitions and arms
factories in particular.
(The second clause Is missing).
"3. The Germans shall set in order
the Russian railway system.
"4. The Germans will send military
instructors to the Russian army.
"5. Russia undertakes to send every
year an agreed amount of provisions
to Germany.
"t. Russia binds herself not to en
ter into any negotiations with the en
tente.
"7. In case of need, for the next !0
years, that is. until 1940, Russia will
provide Germany with military assistance.
The last paragraph deals witn guar
antees that the treaty shall remain in
force even in the event or the bolsne-
vlkl being replaced by some other gov
ernment. It is said that this last clause
is very satisfactory to Lermany.
RECLAMATIONJEN SHIFTED
Oregon Engineer Becomes Manager
of Idaho Irrigation Project.
BOISE. Idaho. April 21. (Special.)
Important changes have taken place in
the reclamation service headquarters in
Boise. l. W. Cole, maanger of the
Boise project, the largest Irrigation
project In the United States, has been
succeeded by J. B. Bond of Klamath
Kails. Or., who was In charge of the
Malheur project in Oregon and is a
prominent reclamation service engineer.
C. C. Fisher, assistant manager, has
been assigned work on a new project
and has severed his connection with
the Boise project. C. E. MacClain. for
mer watermaster. has been made su
perintendent of irrigation.
DRAFT EVADED 19 MONTHS.
California Vonth I Arrested Work
ing in Lumber- Mill.
EUREKA. Cal.. April 11. Trailed for
19 months through the fastnesses of
northern California by officers who
sought him for alleged draft eva
sion. Louis Jackson. 23 .of Bayslde, near
here, was captured at a lumber mill
in Crescent City. Del Norte county, Sat
urday and la in jail here today.
Jackson's father is accused by the
sheriffs officers here of having secret
ly supplied his son with food while
he was dodging the officers.
Court Upholds Forest Protection.
WASHINGTON. April II. Constitu
tionality of the North Carolina act of
1913, designed to protect watersheds
from fire by requiring the burning or
removal of remains of trees cut for
commercial purposes within 400 feet of
watersheds, was upheld today by the
supreme court.
California to Spend $40,000,000.
SACRAMENTO. Cal.. April 21. The
assembly of the California legislature
today adopted. 60 to 1. a proposed con
stitutional amendment providing for a
third Issue of California state highway
bonds in the sum of t40.000.000. It had
already passed the senate.
Brlti.-h Censorship Modified.
WASHINGTON. April 21. Modifica
tion of British censorship regulations
to permit the use of private codes in
cablegrams passing through London
from tbe United States to South
America was announced today by the
navy department
I?
Monarchistic Party Said to Be
Secretly Active.
SOCIALIST SCENTS DANGER
'Monster of Militarism in Coarse of
Creation In Form of Volunteer
Army" Causes Apprehension.
BT CYRIL BROWN.
(Copyright by the New York World. Pub
lished by Arrangement.)
BERLIN. April 21. (Via Copenhagen,
special cable.) "A monarchists counter-revolution
Is Inevitably coming
and la coming soon," accroding to Emil
Barth. formerly people's commissioner
In the first revolutionary government
and brilliant Independent socialist lead
er. Herr Barth believes the new mon
ster of militarism in course of creation,
in the form of a volunteer army, under
the auspices of the Ebert-Scheidemann-Noske
government, will some day turn
on that government and rend it.
"The situation in Germany Is really
very simple." he said today. "There
la a small minority of monarchists
who hold the power, a government
which has the semblance of power, and
a great mass of suffering, starving
people. Ninety-five per cent of the
people are enduring privations. A
small majority has real power, because
It controls the army, which is a tool In
the hands of the monarchists. All the
officers are monarchists.
Social Democrats Sold."
"The monarchists are only biding a
favorable opportunity, after the sign
ing of peace, to start a counter-revolution
with the army and try to re
store the Hohensollerns. The so-called
social democratic party has sold itself
body and soul to the militarists and
capitalists. Soldiers In the volunteer
army get five to six times- the regular
rations of civilians.
"Counter-revolution is sure unless
the entente does two things. It must
forbid the feeding of Imported or do
mestic foodstuffs to the army in ex
cess of rations given to the people, and
it must prohibit all officers ot tne oio
army from getting jobs on the home
police force, or whatever otner armea
force the treaty will permit Germany
to maintain.
"So long as the "army can fill its
stomach with from five to six times the
civilian ration, volunteers will flock to
the colors, manipulation will continue
and the army will be loyal to Its mon
archistic officer!-.
Contmaalam Held laevitable
"This counter-revolution will prob
ably come before a further revolution
which will permanently establish com
munism. Communism will be the in
evitable consequence of a monarchistic
counter-revolution.
"Communism and real socialism alone
will enable us to pay our debts, to pay
the demands for reparation. I strongly
favor frank admission of Germany's
blame for the war; not admitting that
we were solely to blame, but mostly to
blame. I believe we should make a
quick peace, on the basis of full atone
ment and reparation for crimes com
mitted by the old militaristic caste.
"We cannot meet such charges under
the present system of government
Germany would need to raise 27.000.
000.000 marks annually before provid
ing for reparation payments, or three
times the total wages paid in Germany
In 1913. which was 9,000,000,000 marks,
not counting the wages of agricultural
labor. Obviously it cannot be done.
Way Oat Is Indicated.
"The only way Germany can con
tinue o exist and to pay France and
Belgium will be by the adoption of
thoroughgoing and drastic socialism
or communism, thereby, on the one
hand, reviving working enthusiasm
and the consequent productivity of our
now hungering and apathetic masses,
and. on the other hand, reducing the
war tax burden by the automatic wip
ing out of the war debt by the ex
propriation of all capital."
Herr Barth's counter - revolution
prophecy is peculiarly interesting in
view of the sensational reports that
have been secretly circulating in po
litical circles that monarchists and
militarists have .planned a coup for
the near future, which, at the start,
is to take the form of a grand scale
of military action against Russian bol
shevism. with the alleged approval and
possible support of English officers
close to General con Ludendorff. . .
Colonel Bauer of the great German
general etaff. General Ludendorfrs
former chief of operations. Is credited
with lively interest in the projected
enterprise, in which he may appear as
a principal actor.
Bauer's Acta Significant.
Such a report naturally cannot ba
confirmed, but Colonel Bauer was one
of the officers who went- to Cologne.
One of the unconfirmed reports is that
while there he conferred with Marshal
Haig on a plan of action against bol
shevism. Rumor, which is dealing free
ly with motives, attributes his activi
ties to the alleged preliminary plans in
a programme for the eventual restora
tion of monarchy.
From radical sources the World and
The Oregonian correspondent is in
formed that the new German volunteer
army, although ostensibly less than
300.000 strong, has already an enroll
ment of more than 7 50.000. The lure
of liberal ratlona has brought volun
teers so fast, it is said, that several of
the recruiting bureaus have been
swamped and have been forced to close
their doora temporarily In order to
catch up with their work.
Obituary.
WASHINGTON, April 21. Dr. George
Ferdinand Becker, aged 72, prom
inent geologist and connected with the
United States geological survey since
1S7. la dead at his home here. He was
a member of mining and scientific so
cieties and for four years taught min
ing engineering at tne university oi
California.
clal.) Mrs. Celta Gurdane. pioneer
Pendleton resiaenu uica m ncr iivm?
. I .... . .l.h, after an i 1 1 ,1 P S 1 of
acre ii - -
several months. Mrs. Gurdane was 78
years old and naa Deen a resiueni ui
the county for the past 35 years. Her
v, .. Jnhn Gurdane." and
four chiidren survive her.
Newspaper Men In Army en Tour.
...-.t i - v-U' 1 nril 91 (Bv the Asso
ciated Press.') A party of 50 American
a n h isn enlisted men. all
former newspaper men who are now I
serving In tne American arnu. nnntu
here today by a special train. ini
... 4- tinrln varimtfl batlefields
and bridgeheads as the guests of the
American expeditionary iorces.
Secretary Daniels Sees Cologne.
COLOGNE. April 21. (By tne Asso
ciated Freti.) Secretary of the Navy
Li Hung
Chang
Li Hung Chang
declined to go to
the races be
cause he said it
was already
established that
one horse could
run faster than
another. Why
should a man
look at machine
made clothes
when he can be
hand - tailored
for the same
money ?
. Washington at Sixth
Daniels and his party arrived here to
day by boat from the Coblenz bridge
head, where the secretary had- been
the guest of Major-General Le Jeune,
commander of the American second
division. After several hours In Co
logne the party proceeded to Liege.
The secretary will spend a day in Brus.
sels before going on to England.
Soldier Visits Relatives.
After spending a 21-day furlough
visiting friends and relatives in Port
land, Private Moe Shulman will leave
tonight for Camp Lewis. He enlisted
In the engineers at Vancouver, Wash.,
in January, 1918, and was immediately
sent to Camp Humphreys, Va. Just be
fore he left Camp Humphreys on his
furlough he was transferred to Camp
Lewis.
A tri-weekly train service on the
Southern Pacific between Nogales and
Guaymas, Sonora, has recently been
converted into a daily, except Sunday.
Many
Eyes
go for years without the need of
glasses others, due to a refractive
error need giasse,s early in life. .
More- than twenty years' experU
ence. and the use of scientific In
struments, .enables me to determine
the exact refractive error of the
eyes and r e 1 1 e v e your Imperfect
vision with rerfect-Fitting Glasses.
EYESIGHT SPECIALIST.
SOT Morgan Building,
Washington at Broadway.
"WlaWH'Sl
rtf m ril I
Boy Cuticura Soap Whea
Yoa Buy A Safely Razor
And double razor efficiency. Ho mug.
no slimy soap, no germs, no waste, no
irritation even when shaved twice daily.
After shaving touch spots of dandruff or
irritation, if any. with Cuticura Ointment.
Then bathe and shampoo with same cake
of soap. One soap tor all uses. Rinse
with tepid or cold water, dry gently and
dust on a few grains of Cuticura Talcum
and note how soft and velvety your skin.
Absolutely nothing like the Cuticura Tno
for every-day toilet uses. Soap to cleanse
and punfy. Ointment to soothe and heal,
Talcum to powder and perfume. 2Sc each.
Sample each free by mail. Address: Cuti
cura. Dept. 5 F, Boston."
A Good Sound Iiivestmeiit
Liberty Bonds Are a Good Investment and Should Be Kept; Also
Advise You to Buy as Many as You Can of
The New Victory Bonds!
We do not accept Liberty Bonds or W. S. S. for our stock, as we
only "want to do business with those investors who can afford to
risk money. "
We do not want any answers from people who think that any in
vestment that pays more than 6 per cent is unsafe they
wouldn't buy gold dollars at 50 cents each!
The Man We Are Talking To
is the man who has $100 or more, and is willing to buy, and will
buy into a Real Opportunity that will pay Real Liberal. Returns
on his investment.
WE WANT MEN
who are willing to investigate and willing to take a chance.
We have 10 acres in old, proven oil fields, five miles west of Burk
buraett; 25 acres 4 miles southeast of Burkburnett; 20 acres 10
miles east of Burkburnett, in Clay county, and 360 acres 6 miles
southeast of Petrolia, in Clay county, close to two 4000-foot tests.
We contract to drill one deep well on each of these leases; and
believe we shall strike oil in either one of them.
Remember! This Is Not a One-Well Proposition
We are not depending on one well alone! We are bound to strike
oil; yet do not guarantee it.
Remember! Our leases are located in different, proven oilfields;
and that we are drilling four wells.
The Organizers of This Company
are well-known men of Wichita Falls, and each of them is a man
of unquestionable integrity.
Mr. W. M. Frank, cashier of the National Bank of Commerce, is our Trustee.
Mr. H. F. Wurtz, who is an experienced oil operator and is handling; the organization
of this Company, is our Secretary and Treasurer.
Mr. Overton McDowell, manager of the Grain Department of the Wichita Mill &
Elevator Company, is our President.
Drilling of Well No. 1 Will Start About May 15th
Fill in the coupon below! Come in with us!
The Burkburnett & Petrolia Co.
Room 11, No. 822 Scott Avenue, Wichita Falls, Texas.
References: National Bank of Commerce, Wichita Falls, Texas; or any bank or busi
ness house in Wichita Falls.
Make all checks payable
to W. M. Frank, Trustee.
National Bank of Com
merce, Witchita Falls,
Texas, Depositary. 1
Date
THE BURKBURNETT PETROLIA CO-
Room 11, No. 822 Scott Ave.
Wichita Falls, Texas.
GENTLEMEN: I hereby subscribe for shares of
Common Law Trust; capitalized at J300.000; par value J100, fully paid
and non-assessable, and enclose herewith $ payment in full.
non-assessable, and enclose herewith $ payment in full.
Name
City '
Street or Box .- State
Premature Grayness
Need Not Now Be
Feared
Co-Lo Hair Restorer will bring
back the original color of hair that
has turned gray.
Co-Lo Hair Restorer is a recent
scientific discovery of the well-known
bacteriologist, hair and scalp special
ist of Chicago, Prof. John H. Austin
It is the only lasting: satisfactory
method.for restoring the original color
to the hair in a mild, healthful manner.
. ...f.nllv harmbfiR nrpniiniMon.
clear as water, that is pleasing and
simple to appiy n
i.nri nor sulDhur. and has no sediment.
Will not wash or rub off.
Co-Lo Hair Restorer can be used
with equal satisfaction for all shades
of hail
AS for black and all dark shades
of brown.
A 7 extra strong, for jet black nalr
Ad ror ai meaium Druwii snauca.
a a fftp nil verv licrht brown, drab
and auburn shades.
Co-Lo Hair Restorer on sale at all ,
stores of The Owl Drug Co. j
The Time
To Save YouSHaif
IB now
The Thing
ToSava It With
hewbros Hcrpicide
itAf Buy A Trtet
Size bottle Todaj
Sold Everywhere
PtrPUcdtions fit Barber Shops
Forth
Throat
'J For ihe
yvose
THE SPHJE TONIC
For Nervous, Weak Men and
Women Is
CADOMENE TABLETS
Sold by All Druggists.
Stop Itching Eczema jj
Never mind ho w of ten you have tried
and failed, you can stop burning, itching
eczema quickly by applying Zemo fur
nished by any druggist for 35c. Extra
large bottle, $1.00. Healing begins the
moment Zemo is applied. In a short
time usually every trace of eczema,
tetter, pimples, rash, blackheads and
similar skin diseases will be removed.
For clearing the skin and making it
vigorously healthy, always use Zemo,
the penetrating, antiseptic liquid. It
is not greasy and does not stain. W nen
others fail it is the one dependablo
treatment for skintroubles of all kind.
The E. W. Rose Co.. Cleveland. U
V