It
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1919.
undan(Drmmrinn
ESTlBLtSHEl BY H15BI U riTTOCK.
Fb;:si4 by The Oregonlen Publishing Co..
lii Sixth. EUHI, Porl-and. Onion.
C A. HORDES. E. B. IPER.
Meaager. Editor.
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INVEST.
Thla day begins the victory liberty
loan drive. It is the fifth and it Is to
be- the last of the great -war loans In
this country. The drive begins under
the partial handicap of some uncer-
tainty as to the time and manner of
the rehabilitation of the Industries of
' peace. This handicap should be more
than offset by the tuperior attractive
ness of the securities. They are short-
term notes; the interest Is higher than
It has been: the terms of payment are
easier. The interest rate and the fact
that it is the final war loan should be
sufficient to maintain the notes at par
and within a short period to put them
at a premium.
Because of Its attractive character
probably the entire issue could be
claced without difficulty with the
financial Institutions of the country.
But it Is not to the larger Interest of
the public that that be done. If sav.
ings are brought out of hiding and
future savings anticipated by the pee
pie in general the fanincial institu
tions will be better able to aid private
enterprise and bring about the indus
trial rehabilitation and labor readjust
merit that are so much desired.
The main problem appears not to be
the possibility of raising the money
but the possibility of securing a wide
spread, general subscription.
It has been emphasized that this is
av pay-up campaign. The arduous, the
sacrificing: work has been done. All
that we sought when we engaged in
war has been won. And having been
won it must be paid for. There is the
further Inducement to the common
citizen that this Investment Is at once
av thrifty disposition of his surplus
earnings and an aid to restoration of
industry upon a permanent footing. No
safer or more promising lnvestmen
was ever presented to the people.
EMIGRATION AS WILL AS IMMIGRATION
If Dr. Dion MolJovan. editor of
Bomanul, the oldest Roumanian news
paper in the United States, is right,
we have been barking up the wrong
tree when we called for laws to pre
vent a flood of immigration after the
war. lie Is alarmed at the prospect
that millions of aliens will return to
Kurope, and he has issued an appeal
to them to remain in America, to be
come citizens and make a permanent
home here.
In talking to the New Tork Herald
Dr. Moldovan said that SO per cent of
the aliens in this country have families
In Europe, whom they have not seen
for four years, and they desire to visit
their relatives and to see the effect
of the war on their old homes. He
estimates the number who will emi
grate at 7.000.000 to 8,000.000. and
suggests that the government check
the exodns by providing means to
bring their families to America.
The Herald backs up his statements
by saying that more aliens are leaving
this country than are coming in. esti
mating the departures at a thousand
a day. Every steamship Is crowded,
chiefly with Italians, though steerage
fare has been raised to $S0. Bankers
bewail the exodus, as the emigrants
take away from $2000 to $15,000 each
savings of high war wages. Wages
are so high in Europe as to be near
a parity with those ruling in this
country, and there is as great dearth
of labor there as there wns in this
country during the war. This situa
tion leaves small inducement for the
emigrants to return after a visit to
their families, as they did formerly.
There will probably be a tide in
each direction. Many German soldiers
have said when taken prisoner that
they would come to America after the
rar. and many Russians have said the
same thing. Tho tame sentiment
doubtless prevails In other belligerent
countries. Men will want to escape
the painful scenes and memories of
war and come to a new country, fleeing
from the disturbances which follow
war and from the crushing taxes which
it entails. America's part in the war
has made It seem more than ever the
promised land to them, and it will
draw most of them. That has been
true of the periods following other
great wars, for they have been periods
of migration.
The time of great Increase In our
population by immigration seems to
have ended, owing to the exodus which
has begun, to the high wages now pre
vailing in Europe and to the "more
tolerable conditions of life which will
be established when that continent has
settled down. The more care needs to
be taken that the immigrants whom
we accept are of the right kind and
that this country does not become a
refuge for all the International revolu
tionists of the old world.
THE CZECH PREMIER SEES CXEARLT.
One of the paradoxes of the war is
that the most effective fighting against
the bolshevtxts has been done by
Cza'cho-Slovaks. a people who were
Just escaping from subjection which
had lasted for centuries, and that the
clearest Judgment on Russian affairs
has been shown by their statesmen.
Ir. Karel Kramarzh. premier of the
Cxecno-Slovak republic, recently said
to the London Times:
The first task of tha allies la to aamve
ftaeala. or rather to help patrlotl" Russians
to save her. Otherwtsa Rus-la wlU be i l-r-rtar.i,el
la ona form or another. If bol
sieiuni t-e not overcome It will bey taken In
rani and organized by Germans for the
Dri-flt of Germany. It patriotic Russians
ov er.-ome baVehevt-ro wlrhout allied help their
recline acainst the a.ll.a will so so strong
tnat sooner or later a Rttaso-German alliance
watll be Inevitable Attd what could a league
nations do acalnat a territory stretrhinc
f"tm the Rhine to Vladivostok. Inhabited
r- more than -00 Ou. people, economically
n!f-sipr-ortlng and militarily oigantxed by
tile (jatmaoi 7
Dr, Kruniinb'i opinion coincide
with Maximilian Harden'a that Ger
many has not renounced militarism.
though outwardly democratized, and is
in a good position to undertake the
reorganization of Russia for Germany's
benefit. Germany under the cloak of
Bolshevism supreme from the Rhine
to the Pacific ocean Is a vision which
would appeal as powerfully to the Pan-
German Imagination as did the evapo
rated vision of an empire stretching
from the North sea to the Persian gulf,
and it would form as broad a founda
tion for world-empire.
But the best that the allies can do
to combat bolshevism is to distribute
food among the starving Russians,
notwithstanding- the fact that control
of food is one of the main Instruments
by which the bolshevists hold the peo
ple in submission. We may expect
the red army to take the food away
from the people as fast as Dr. Nan-
sen's committee distributes it, and then
to use It as a bait for recruits. The
scheme would have more to commend
it if each sack of flour were accom
panled by the gift of a rifle and a belt
of cartridges wherewith to defend it.
The condition that hostilities cease
before food distribution begins is ap
parently Intended to prevent the bol
shevists from stealing the allies' bounty,
but that condition works both ways.
It would stop the offensive of Admiral
Kolchak just as his Siberian army has
got the reds going on the Ural front.
and It would condemn General Denikln
In the Don region and the Letts and
Lithuanians on the Baltic to Inaction
If food were accompanied by arms and
munitions in western Russia, and
if
Kolchak were similarly supplied in th
east, the food would save the people
from famine and would also be
weapon against the common enemy.
The action of the allies toward Rus
sia continues to be marked by the
same shrinking timidity as has helped
to build up Lenine's power. The onlj
way to dispose of a monster like bol
shevism Is to grasp it firmly and
throttle It.
A J.-ECTRAL CLASS.
The facts which Mayor Baker has
pointed out to the police fores with
regard to unionizing: and affiliating
with other unions are stern facts and
Important facts. The police hare no
class duty and no proper class affilia
tion. They are the employes of the
public. They are just as much the
servants of the workman as of the
employer. They have no reason for
tying up their personal interests with
the employers' association- and they
have no more reason for tying them up
with the Central Labor council.
In matters of collective bargaining
for improvement of their pay and
working conditions the police force
has not been unsuccessful. By appeal
ing to the people's representatives or
direct to the people themselves it
has secured the eight-hour day. In
creased pay and retirement and dis
ability pensions. The publio is not
a parsimonious or selfish employer.
It does not employ the police for direct
financial profit. There is no conflict
of interest. Repressive conditions of
employment are a source of loss to
the public, while such efficiency as
may be promoted by good pay and
favorable working conditions Is a pub
lic asset.
Unionizing In the restricted sense
of the word is not permitted In federal
employment by an administration that
has exerted itself to grant favors to
union labor. Independent social and
betterment organizations are permitted.
but there, as in Portland, it is insisted
that blndingties with any one element
of the public is inimical to the Interests
of the whole public.
Mayor Baker's position Is unassail
able. The police force must remain an
impartial embodiment of law enforce
ment.
ANOTHER MARE'S NEST.
Senators who are fulminating
against the league of nations covenant
on the ground that it would be con
trolled by the British empire to the
point where the United States would
have a small voice in its affairs, have
evidently not studied the covenant
thoroughly. The council is to bei com
posed of "representatives of the United
States, the British empire, France,
Italy and Japan, together with repre-
sentatives of four other states" to be
selected by the body of delegates.
The British empire includes tha do
minions and would have only one
member on the council like the United
States, whether he came from the
mother country or one of the domin
ions. The four members elected by
the body of delegates would represent
the smaller nations, Russia, Germany
and countries carved out of the former
central powers. The British dominions
would have an equal vote in the body
of delegates with all other countries
and would add strength to the British
empire as a whole. But the United
States controls the foreign relations
of Cuba. Panama, ' Haiti. Santo Do
mingo, thus matching the four British
dominions, and if the Philippines
hould be granted independence they.
too, would have a vote and probably
this country would control their for
eign relations.
The senators have found another
mare's nest when they talk of a league
of nations packed by Britain against
the United States. This country can
swing at least as many votes as Britain.
If any nation has cause to complain, it
Is France. Italy or Japan, for neither
has self-governing colonies or depend
ent republics to swell its voting power.
AMERICAN EXPORTERS ALERT.
While American manufacturers are
on the alert for keen competition with
Britain in foreign trade, the 'British
are alarmed by the activity of Ameri
cans in opening direct trade relations
with countries to which sales were
formerly made by the British or by
Americans through the British. The
London Times says that British resi
dents abroad are exasperated at seeing
American business houses rent prem
ises In the Scandinavian countries with
view to business with large firms
there and ultimately with Russia, and
that "in all parts of the world the
American manufacturer is very much
to the fore, while nothing is seen of
his British competitor."
The British manufacturer is depicted
as being loaded with handicaps result
ing from the war, while the American
has new plants largely paid for with
ar profits, is unhindered by finan
cial difficulties with no excess profits
tax to think of." Apparently the Times
has not heard of the new war revenue
law. British foreign trade is still con
ducted tinder license and the govern
ment has been asked by Lancashire
cotton manufacturers to aid by grant
ing licenses and by sending a trade
mission to China. The cotton men are
in a difficult position, for they have
nlarged their plants during the war
and their war orders have stopped.
while they have not been able to re
vive their peace trade, either through
lack of ships or through government
restrictions.
British manufacturers have had an
Immense advantage in foreign trade
by being long in possession and having
old connections. To a large degree
they retain this advantage, and the;
are free from the competition of their
most dangerous rival, Germany. Bu!
many of their old connections have
been broken, cost of production has
been raised by the demands of labor,
new burdens of taxation have to be
borne, and the United States enters
the field as a new rival enjoying the
same good will as the Britons. The
opportunity is open to Americans to
enter the field in friendly competition.
The United States government can
do much to aid, both by legislation
and through its agents abroad, and
action should be taken on some fea
tures of the work at the coming ses
sion of congress. This is especially
true of the tariff and shipping. Ex
tension of foreign trade requires that
it be the chief purpose of the tariff,
promoted by reciprocity. It also re
quires that at least half of our com
merce be carried by American ships.
That cannot be permanently assured
unless ships are in the hands of pri
vate operators, free from restrictions
and built in the United States at equal
cost with other countries. We should
appropriate the kaiser's slogan, "Our
future is on the sea."
BEACTTES NEAR BOMX.
Opportunities such as were recently
presented by the University of Oregon
extension service, to view the excellent
water color sketches by Mrs. Sweetser
and Mr. Horsfall's bird paintings, both
rarely faithful to nature as well as
appealing to the mere sense of the
beautiful, come too rarely, the thought
ful will think, for the good of the
people as a whole. The value of ex
hibits of this kind is two-fold. It
stimulates on the one hand apprecia
tion of the cultural for its own sake,
and starts the mind on the road to
Inquiry, and it also convinces us in the
best-possible way that we need not
roam far from home to find the beau
tiful. Emerson was right when he
said that in our quest we must carry
beauty with us or we shall find It not.
But the sense of beauty sometimes is
somnolent. Our engrossment with
other affairs leaves us too little oppor
tunity for its cultivation.
But we need not travel far afield.
as has been suggested, and as will be
realized after a visit to such an exhibit
as the one mentioned, to discover that
we are singularly blessed. The botanist
knows that there are some 8000 spe
cies of wild plants indigenous to the
state; the ordinary citizen knows that
there are a good many plants which
he regards miscellaneously as "weeds'
and a few that he is willing to classify
as flowers. That we In Oregon are
rather better situated wit'i regard to
variety of flora does not occur to
him. But there are. Indeed, botanic
ally speaking, four states within the
state of Oregon. We have our north
and south, and our east and west. So
prosaic a plant as the lamb's tongue
illustrates the point. In the vicinity
of Portland and in the lower reaches
of the Willamette valley its petals are
a delicate cream yellow. In eastern
Oregon it is changed to a lemon yel
low. In southern Oregon a purple
shading takes the place of .the yellow
tinge. On the western slopes of the
Coast range the form undergoes
striking change. It becomes deep
purple, and its petals droop. A kind
Of biological romance breathes in the
story, which we may only hazily recon
struct, of the struggle for existence
which has given It its various out
ward foams. The familiar red bell,
or mission bell, of the western part
of the state similarly undergoes a sin
gular change of form, as the fritlllarla
lanceolata which is so common up and
down the valley and almost as far
south as Grants Pass becomes the
fritlllaria recurva of the Rogue river
valley and the ranges farther south.
It will add to the pleasure of con
templation of the trilllum, or wake-
robin, our own local harbinger of
spring, to know that it exists in two
distinct forms, the trilllum ovatum.
which has a long and definite flower
stem, and the trillium chioropetalum
(the latter, by the way, a misnomer).
with its flower squat among the leaves.
The trilllum of eastern Oregon, tril
lium petiolatum, undergoes a singular
change, its three leaves having long
stalks and appearing to spring from
the ground, while its purple flower is
stemless and nears a strange, snaky
characteristic.
Even the buttercups vary with their
habitat. The fight for survival con
stantly goes on. The common field
morning glory makes its brave strug
gle for existence. A flower like the
sand verbena, which at one stage of
its existence exudes a gummy snb-
stance, therewith gathering and hold
ing the sand which is blown by the
wind and thus retards transpiration of
moisture which it needs fn order to
live, would seem to have some purpose
in the universal scheme. Our manza-
nita, which is found on the western
slopes of both the great mountain
ranges but not in the region between
them, calls for study by a philosopher.
One may, however, apprehend the
great natural struggle which has been
in progress for countless ages by ob
serving the phenomenon. We are, as
has been said, fortunate in the variety
of our wild flora, and we, too, little
appreciate it. Larkspur, iris and
camas, ocean spray, fox glove and
thimbleberry, meadowsweet, gentian.
valerian and sneeze weed, the Johnny-
jump-up, wild vetch and stone crop,
baby eyes and spring beauty, the mal
lows, the singular pitcher plant and
the assertive skunk cabbage have their
beauties. The violet family is particu
larly prolific in Oregon. The wild
Iilys well represented. Rosaceae are
particularly abundant. The many
forms of 'nearly every family of plants
give ample testimony to the inex
haustible quality of nature's box of
tricks.
It has been made plain that the
northwest is a pleasant haven for bird
life. That 595 species should have
been identified here is interesting, but
not so much so as that more than 400
are rightfully claimed as belonging to
us, and not merely visitors. To those.
such as the nuthatches and the chicka
dee, which remain with us in and out
of season, we ought to be deeply grate
ful, but the vast migratory tribe know
Oregon for what it is and return year
after year.
These are among the beauties and
the delights of outdoor life in Oregon
which are too lightly regarded and
which have not yet been capitalized.
The trilllum and the lamb's tongue,
among the commoner flowers, illus
trate a form of changing plant life
which add to the interest, for example,
of a trip along the Columbia highway.
The broad reaches of river and the
mountain vistas are not the only nat
ural beauties of that great thorough
fare. Exploiters of coast resorts would
add a deft touch to their appeal, we
think, if they, too, would study their
flowers and birds. It is to be regretted,
from the point of view of both utility
and the arts, that exhibits of the type
here referred to should be ephemeral.
They should be duplicated over and
over again, and be accessible per
petually. We even dare to fancy that
they would give a delightful tone to
the literature of tourist and resort
advertising and that they might even
exercise a certain influence in en
hancing the value of real estate. The
light of a state that can produce some
hundreds of natural, beauties ought
not to be hidden under a bushel.
If one qualified to answer were
asked the best city in Oregon -for the
"country paper," the reply would be
instanter: Hood River. It has two
weekly papers, great in every respect
and not afflicted with ambition to be
come obscure dailies. They are to be
congratulated on living in a city of
men who know how to advertise.
Knowing a good thing, ownership sel
dom changes, and when it does it is
an affair of individuals. Let that
suffice for prelude. There has been a
slight change in the personnel of the
Hood River News. C P. Sonnichsen,
who went in quite a while ago and is
manager, has been joined by H. G.
Ball, who becomes editor. His work
on a Marshfield paper was creditable
and forecasts success in the new field.
With them is E. A. Sonnichsen, just
returned from service In France, to
cover the local field. The three fit the
situation.
If Justice is an obstacle to efficiency
in the American army, the military
officers will have to show the Ameri
can people. There is a popular idea.
which will not easily be uprooted, that
the American government, of which
the army is but an instrument, exists
for the purpose of establishing justice.
There is need of change In the method
of instruction on this subject at West
Point, if the young men have been
taught that justice and discipline do
not agree, and that discipline is to be
maintained at the cost of justice. The
nation pays for the officers' education,
and it should see that they are taught
to think straight Americanism on this
subject, not camouflaged Prussianism.
The death penalty for everything
works like a' charm for the communist
government of Hungary, but if a soft
hearted official should let one offender
escape, Bela Kun's troubles would
begin. Some persons would eat two
rations to make a square meal, others
would Imitate by the thousand, execu
tion of the whole population would
become impossible, consequently all
the food would be eaten up. Then
the people would grow furious, and
Bela Kun would either ride the storm
or be engulfed. The greatest political
issue in central Europe these days is
three square meals a day and how to
get them.
Director-General Hines of all the
railroads has changed front on the
question of continued government
operation and final government own
ership after a few months' experience.
He no doubt realizesathat his Job is too
much for one man.
Mr. Killingsworth, well known In
real estate when men of today were
babes in arms, is charging back into
"the game" like a war-horse. He knew
the value of Ink in the olden days and
he knew how to spread it. He still
knows.
Disheartened and disgraced by being
the only cow found diseased in a test
that included 151), a Coos county
bovine jumped over a fence and broke
her neck. Human beings have felt
that way, but this cow has the record.
The high-ups of the Turkish mas
sacre government have made good
their escape and left the subordinates
to go to jail. They are just like all
other higher-ups in crime.
Mayor Baker's announcement that
he has had enough of political life
will give ease to the hearts of a few
people, for he has shown a way of
getting there" in his career. "
During the high wind in Salem Sat
urday "small buildings were blown
down," the report says. A fellow al
ways does laugh at his neighbor's mis
fortune that way.
The Oregonian says that In boostlna- con
sumption of Oregon-made Roods it's all in
the publicity. May not just a flttie of it be
in the goods? beattlo Argus.
They are "the goods."
There will be a serious shortage of
something else than hotel accommoda
tions at Bend this week, but all will
survive.
The agricultural agent of asce
county has resigned to become
farmer, a grand way of "showing
them."
There will be no slackers in Marion
that is, the yellow fellows. The
banks provide for that.
Maximilian Harden says the Germans
are still misled. The German is mighty
willing to be misled.
Say, we of Multnomah, are we going
to let those little upstate counties put
it over us today? - "
Do not put off to tomorrow what
you should do today. Make it a
"century" at least.
The ladybug will save us from the
aphis, but we may yet need salvation
from the ladybug.
Put aside the gush, get down to
business and put over the loan. This
is "business" day.
If it Is made in Oregon and is just
as good and it may be a bit better
why not buy it?
This is the one great day when the
motorcop cannot bark at us to get
back to the curb.
Six weeks before Memorial day and
the lilacs are getting ready to bloom.
Development of a case of "dementia
precox locally leads one .to wonder.
A sort of international ladybug is
needed for the bolshevik countries.
This is baseball-at-home week, but
there's a bigger duty today.
There was just enough rain to spoil
the clear Easter record.
The Roseburg banks are In the medal
of honor column, also.
Not all of it is La the air today,
Those Who Come and Go.
The average Londoner doesn't under
stand the Salvation Army doughnut,
that culinary climax which is reported
to have lent zest to the driving dough
boys on the fields of France. So de
clares Brigadier Edward Joy, mission
ary secretary from headquarters at the
British capital, who is in Portland in
specting local Salvation Army work.
"You know," explained the brigadier, "I
never sampled one of your celebrated
doughnuts until yesterday morning at
our army hut down at the station. I
can't say that I'm keen for them
they're not conducive to sleep. Have
you found them so?" When told that
the native assimilates doughnuts with
out a tremor and yearns for more, the
brigadier sighed dubiously, and admit
ted that it might have been a mid
night cup of coffee which disturbed his
rest. With Commander Howard
Thomas, chief-of-staff of the Salvation
Army and second in command to Gen
eral Booth, the brigadier is Just com
pleting an inspection tour of America.
He spoke yesterday at Salvation Army
headquarters on First street, telling of
the work of their organization during
the London air raids. Commander
Howard is now at Seattle. Within the
week the two officers will sail for New
Zealand. Their world tour will in
clude Australia, India and Egypt. Brig
adier Joy is at the Imperial.
"I couldn't go back," confessed
Banks J. Wlldman of San Francisco,
now registered at the Benson as the
Pacific coast representative of the Por
tage Rubber company of Akron, O.
Tour guess is wrong. The police are
not looking for Mr. Wildman. He Is
merely one of the many who came to
the west coast on a temporary trip and
was wooed and won by climate and
scenery. "I came out about a year and
a half ago to open up branch offices
for our company," said Mr. Wildman,
"and well I just stayed. I love tne
climate and then there is a delightful
unconventionality about the people, al
together different from the east. I'm
strong for the coast."
"It may be tf interest to fishermen
of Multnomah county to learn that in
the vicinitv of Bend the Deschutes is
clearing rapidly." said Joe Luckey, who
In nhvs pal director oi tne cena Ama
tenr Athletic club at Bend, Or., "and
1nst before I left there were quite
number of good catches reporiea. in
fact I hooked 26 trout myself and I'm
a second-rater when the art of Fred
Brady, Jimmy McCool, Walter Honey
man. Charley Couche, Jimmy uassen o
a" few of the other Portlanders is tak
en into consideration." Mr. Luckey left
for his home at Bend yesterday after
havine spent the week-end visiting
friends and relatives in Portland.
F. Klevenhusen, president of the fish
cannery at Altoona, Wash., and his
manager, J. G. Bjorge, are at the Hotel
Oreeon. Mr. Klevenhusen nas jusi re
turned from a trip to the east and is on
his way back to Altoona. He is also
interested In the fishing industry at
Astoria.
Denton G. Burdich, candidate for
speaker of tne house it the lat legisla
tive session, accomof.niea uy mrs. our
dick, is at the Imperial. Mr. Burdlck
is an attorney of Redmond.
Mlas M. L. Fox of Husum, Wash., is
spending a few days in the city on a
shopping tour and is registered at the
N'ortonia.
Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Weaver, proprie
tors of the Umpqua hotel at Roseburg
are staying at the Imperial.
Oliver Oure. from Walla Walla, I
visiting In the city and is registered at
the Hotel Washington.
Mano Zan, formerly of this city but
now of New York, is registered at tne
Hotel Portland.
P. L. Campbell, president of the Uni
versity of Oregon, is a week-end visitor
at the Benson.
Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Mullet of Spokane
are among the Hotel Washington ar
rivals.
L. S. Bennett, until recently a news
paper publisher at Hood River, is at
the Multnomah.
Dan P. Smyth, prominent Pendleton
attorney, is registered at the Benson.
E. P. Nash, banker of Stevenson
Wash., is among the Multnomah ar
rivals.
H. J. Rohlves, from Seattle, is a Nor
tonia arrival for the week-end.
REPORTS OVERLOOK RESOLUTION
GoTernors and Mayors Said to Have
Recommended Tax on Speculators.
PORTLAND, April 20. (To the Edi
tor). We have read the lengthy dis
patches detailing the proceedings of
the conference of governors and mayors
at Washington, on March 3, 4 and 5, yet
there was no mention of the most not
able action taken by that convention,
which arose over a resolution presented
by the mayor of Lynn, Mass., Walter H.
Cramer.
This resolution proposed that the
convention recommend to the states the
taxation of all natural wealth held out
of use for speculation, and that the
money so obtained be used for a per
manent fund to solve the labor proD-
lem.
This resolution occasioned the most
iteresting and hardest debate of any
of- the session. Mayor Cramer and
Councilman R. J. Wheeler of Allerton,
Pa., led the fight for the resolution.
The opponents of the measure claimed
that it was a violation of the constitu
tion, to which it was retorted that the
southern child labor exploiters used the
same arsrument.
When the smoke of battle cleared
away It was found that the friends of
the resolution had won by the substan
tial victory of 32 to 10. Perhaps Mayor
Biker could tell us more about this
debate. I have heard no mention from
him so far that such an important res
olution was passed.
J. xt. HERMANN,
250 Market et
Harks Back to Ireland.
. Tom Daily in the Chicago Tribune.
He was Irish and badly wounded.
unconscious when they got him back
to the dressing station in a ruined vil
lage. "Bad case, said the docs. "When
he comes out of his swoon he'll need
cheering up. Say something hearten
ine to him. boys. Tell him he's in
Ireland." When the lad came to, he
looked around (ruined church on one
side, busted houses, etc, up stage, and
all that): "Where am I?" sez he. " 'S
all right, Pat; you're in Ireland, boy."
Glory be to God! sez he, looking
around again. "How long have yez
had home rule?"
Probate of Will.
PORTLAND, April 18. (To the Edi
tor.) I wish to know if a will written
with the clause 'This will not to go
through the probate court," is legal.
A BUUBtJitixJJirC.
The clause is without force or effect.
but it does not invalidate the remain
der of the will.
Beauty.
Nixon Waterman.
Canst thou see no beauty night?
Cure thy dull, distempered eye.
Canst thou no sweet music hear?
Tune thy sad, discordant ear.
Earth has beauty everywhere
If the eye that sees is fair.
Earth has music to delight
If the ear is tuned aright.
7!
From Saji Quentin.
By Grace E. HalL,
He wrote mo from his prison cell, alone
with thought and pen;
He spoke of hopes still living there
within the hearts of men:
He told me how a truth sent forth in
versa may help to win
A victory when mere "preaching" fails
some soul to enter In.
He wrote of freedom that awaits, and
how he then will feel
The thrill of life beyond those gates of
unrelenting steel;
He's paid his debt, his lesson's learned;
he is a man made strong
By suffering, which has well atoned for
any sin or wrong.
A little message penned In verse how
wonderful It seems,
That it should pass those prison
doors and strengthen someone's
dreams!
So little do we pause to think how
words may bless or burn
A soul despairing on the brink, through
just a word may turn.
MILLI6X GIVE.V AWAY TO ALIEXS
Washington Official Declare Fisheries
Lawa Permit Virtual Vandalism.
SEATTLE. Wash.. April 19. (To the
Editor.) Suppose some body of men
were to enter upon the lands owned
by the state of Washington and com
mence cutting the timber and placing
the proceeds in their pockets refusing
to pay the state even one-half of 1 per
cent of its value.
And further, suppose that almost
three-fourths of them were aliens
and one-half of them alien enemies of
the country.
And still further, suppose that this
body of men were to say to the people
of this state: "Now, while we are de
stroying your timber you must pay us
from three to five times more for your
own property (lumber) than you here
tofore paid for lumber."
Would the people of this state meekly
submit to tho destruction and extortion
or would they throw the whole band of
marauders in jail, even if it took an
army to do it?
Now, there is no body of men threat
ening the state's lands with any such
vandalism, but today Just this kind of
a fate is being meted out to the great
fisheries of Washington the most val
uable by far of those of any state in
the Union.
When Washington became a state, 30
years ago, the United States govern
ment gave to her a large amount of
land (from the proceeds of the sale of
which she has been and is building her
great state institutions) and title to her
fisheries. The lands today are worm
somewhere between $60,000,000 and
J75.000.000. This represents the total
accumulated value of 30 years of our
splendid development and increase of
population.
During this same 30 years the fish
eries of this state have yielded some
where between $200,000,000 and
$300,000,000. A comparatively few in
div duals have profited, but the state
ha& not even received a sufficient re
turn to pay the cost of reproducing or
maintaining the supply, much less any
thing for the property (fish) itself.
We would not think of giving away
$12,000,000 worth of timber this year
to mill and timber owners, but we are
going to give away $12,000,000 worth
of fish (worth this amount just as they
are taken from the water), and three
fourths of them are going to non-citizens,
and about 40 per cent to alien
enemies of this country.
If. someone were to suggest giving
our great capitol land grant to some
bunch of foreigners for nothing what
do you think would be done to the per
son proposing such a thing? Tet, this
year we are going to give away fish
worth $12,000,000 while our capitol land
grant is valued at only somewhere be
tween $5,000,000 and $8,000,000.
The tragedy of what we are doing
with our fisheries is that we are per
mitting those who are benefiting from
them to destroy them for their quicker
and greater profit. If the people ot
this state are permitted to know how
this great natural resource, which is
their property and the common heritage
of all, is being plundered and destroyed
for the benefit of a few persons,
ereat per cent of whom are not even
citizens of this country, they will move
to save it.
Under the old law many of the rec
ords of the fish commissioner's office
were forbidden to be given out for
public information. We changed the
law in 1915 so that the truth can be
told to the people. L. H. DARWIN,
State Fish commissioner.
BLAMING IT ON THE WOMAN AGAIN
Other's Assertions on .Divorce Evil
Hark Back to Adam, Says Writer.
PORTLAND. April 20. (To the Edi
tor). I was attracted by the article
signed "L. A. G.," which appeared on
The Oregonian editorial page.
It would seem that la. A. G. was
prejudiced to nb little extent in his
views on the causes of the divorce evil
in the United States. As a true son of
Adam, he lays at the door of woman
the blame for two of the three principal
causes of divorce given in his article.
In theory he may be to a great extent
correct, but let us go a little further
and investigate the reason for the
American woman's "restlessness" and
for her desire for greater independence.
True, independence has come to be
hers, but greater than all her selfish
ambitions is the love of womankind for
her home and family. Is It not largely
due to lack of appreciation, or, to ex
press in more startling terms, the in
fidelity of American husbands? Too
cften we find in him moral weakness
and faithlessness to marriage vows.
Give them the "protection" In every
sense of the word due a wife and moth
er, and you'll find at once a greater
decree of contentment among women.
As to 1.. A. G. s second cause, also at
tributed to the "female of the species,"
It is a known fact that woman's weak
ness is for the beautiful, wherever it is
found. Is not her "extravagance" also
fostered largely in her desire to please
the lords of creation. The writer be
lieves the time Is not far distant when
men will bring about something more
nearly approaching simplicity in our
mode of living, for which none win De
more thankful than the American wile.
The third cause sets forth "religious
belief." Should we not rather say "re
ligious unbelief?" Surely the church
has not "receded from the position that
marriage is a sacrament." A more ac-
urate conclusion would be that the
populace has receded from the church
and the sanctity of marriage.
A SOLDIER S WIFE.
Sonnet fn a Lodging House.
'The Rocking Horse," by Christopher
Morley.
Men lodgers are the best, the Mrs.
said:
They don't use my gas Jets to fry sar
dines.
They don't leave red-hot Irons on the
spread.
They're out all morning, when a body
cleans.
A man ain't so secretive, never cares
What kind of private papers be leaves
lay.
So I can get a line on his affairs
And dope out whether he is likely pay.
But women! Say, they surely get my
bug!
They etop their keyholes up with chew
ing gum.
Spill grease, and hide the damage with
the rug.
And fry marshmallows when their
callers come.
They always are behindhand with their
rents
Take my advice and let your rooms to
gentsi
In Other Days.
Twenty-Five Yean Ago.
From The Oregonlan ot April 21. 1S94.
Councilman Richardson, of the eighth
ward, has presented to the City Council
a petition from the citizens of Sellwood,
describing the great need of a water
supply ot some sort for that portion
of the city.
The . United States circuit court of
appeals in San Francisco has rendered
a decision giving Mrs. W. O. Green ot
Walla Walla, Wash., and her children,
an undivided half interest in the Tar
wlillger donation land claim. The case
began four years ago, and Involved
170 acres of land In the limits of Port
land, and worth more than 1300,000.
The Portland military band of 45
pieces will hold high carnival in Cor
dray's theater tonight.
Fifty Years Ago.
From Tha Oregonlan of April 21. 1869.
Local dealers are advertising French
designs in hoop skirts just received
from the east.
The steamer Royal Ann, owned by
the Long Tom Transportation company,
sunk between Harrisburg and Eulery's
landing with 1000 bushels of wheat be
longing to the Willamette Woolen com
pany. The ferry at Mllwaukie has been dis
abled by the loss of the cable, and for
the next few days mall stages will
stop at Oregon City. They will be re
shipped to Portland by boat.
. California mails arrived yesterday,
ten hours late on account of the high
water. Reports from the south say the
storm is letting up.
BETTER PROTECTION AVAILABLE.
Bond and Insurance Should Accompany
Bids Instead of Certified Check.
PORTLAND. April 20. (To the Ed
itor.) The action of the commission of
public docks in calling for new pro
posals for the construction of an addi
tion of 300 feet to pier No. 1 and the
construction of the entire wharf of pier
No. 2, at the St. Johns terminal, Is com
mendable, but in order to avoid such
mistakes the bond and insurance should
be put up with the bid instead of the
certified check,, making the bonding
company liable for the bidder entering
into the contract as a part of the con
ditions of the bond, and no private
bond should be considered under any
circumstance. In this way the bidder
would know in advance whether he was
an acceptable bidder, and the city
would be rid of considering irrespon
sible bidders.
The Oregon law is very strict in ref
erence to public officials obtaining
proper bonds for the completion of pub-
o( all jabor and material furnished, to
the extent of making the city and pub
lic officials liable for these bills for
their failure to obtain proper penal
bonds.
Had the city commissioners pursued
the same course that the dock commis
sioners are now pursuing in calling for
new bljis for the construction of the
piers and wharf at St. Johns terminal,
when it let the contract for the con
struction of the public auditorium,
there would not be nearly $60,000 up
paid bills standing against the city and
the contractor and bondsmen for labor
and material furnished in the prose
cution and completion of that building.
It was reported that the architect's
estimate of the cost of the construction
of the auditorium was $400,000. The
lowest bid was $320,000, to which the
city afterwards paid an additional sum
of $21,500, making the total cost bo
far $341,500. The actual cost of the
building was $400,000, leaving $58,500
unpaid.
To say the least, the spirit of the
Oregon law for the protection of sub
contractors and labor and material men
was evaded in accepting a sub-contractor
and a material man as bonds
man for the construction of the audi
torium, particularly after the contrac
tor was unable to obtain bonds from a
reliable bonding company. The prin
ciple of compelling the bidder to for
feit forced the contractor to secure
someone, whether good or bad, for
bondsman, in order to avoid losing his
deposit. One of the reasons that the
bonding company refused to bond the
contractor was that his bid was too
low. In the face of this condition the
city allows two sub-contractors and
material men to assume this obligation
that is known in advance.
It is a shame to allow sub-contractors
and material men to stand this loss
under such conditions. The city cannot
face these facts with any sense of dig
nity or honor or afford to drive two
of our business men out of business
in order to pay for the construction of
a public building. The city got a hun
dred cents on the dollar in the construc
tion of the auditorium, and it can well
afford to meet these unpaid bills and
clear its good name from this shame
ful condition. MARK T. KADT.
HOW TO REMEDY COTJRTSMARTIAI.
Former Soldier SnKsresta Three Amend
menta to Articles of War.
PORTLAND, April 20. (To the Edi
tor.) Some observations made while a
soldier in the states and France has led
me to form some conclusions as to rem
edies for the shortcomings of the court
martial system that might have a prac
tical value.
First, that the discretionary power of
tho rourtsmartial be curtailed. Today
a soldier may violate some order and
be sentenced to many months' confine
ment or he may not be courtmartialed
at all, and this for the same kind ot
offense. Why not make more definite
and uniform rules and regulations gov.
erning the time, that a soldier can be
confined for the various offenses. A
soldier cannot see the justice of com
mitting one to the guardhouse while
another soldier goes unpunished for
the same offense.
Second, that there be some officer, or
person, in every regiment or outfit to)
whom soldiers shall be at perfect iid-
erty and freedom to relate their griev
ances or abuse by officers and be pro
tected when they do so. As it now
stands, a soldier seldom ventures to re
late the ftraisrht of a difficulty in
which he or his comrade may be tmpll.
cated. There are many reasons that
tell him he had better be a clam, and
one reason he never overlooks Is that
the officer can generally get the goods
on him at some later time.
Third, that every regiment or outfit
be provided with a competent lawyer,
whose exclusl7e duty It shall be to use
every legitimate means to defend and
acquit soldiers facing courtmartial, and
with whom consultation shall be abso
lutely privileged. As It now stands,
some commissioned officer is designat
ed to represent the accused; but he la
frequently too busy with ordinary
duties to take a proper and dutiful in
terest in the case, or be Is not designat
ed in time to give the case proper at
tention and Investigation. It may also
be frequently advisable (so the soldier
zhinkJ) for such officer to give the
complaint or charge effect, hence the
impression is so strong that conviction
is a foregone conclusion. And It Is
in la imnresston that is breedlnz so
much criticism and dissatisfaction, If
not near contempt, among some of the
soldiers in France. Such defense is
only a matter of form, in their eyes.
To generate respect instead of disre
spect, the soldier must not be led to
feel that any defense, no matter how
6ood, is practically of no help. At any
rate, a little more apparent and seem
ing fairness would help some.
These suggested remedies would re
quiro the addition of two men to an
outfit, but probably would have a rath
er wholesome effect on the morale ot
the army. , L, B. SANDBLAST.