IS
TIIE MORXIXG OREGOXIAX, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY IS, 1919.
CHEER AS TIFT
URGES PEACE LEAGUE
Ex-President Arouses Much
Enthusiasm in Portland.
T limitation of armament and upon mlll-1 operation in international activities for
tary and naral matters. The league is I social betterment which now fail for
RESOLUTION IS ADOPTED
Xorthwestrrn Conference Cnanl
roouslj in Favor of Having
League of Nation.
f"VnMnnd From First Pace
ii.tf session on the theme. Ubor'i
Xemand for a League of Nations."
Other speakers were William Short,
president of the Washington State
.Federation of Labor, and E. J. StUvck.
secretary of the Oregon Federation league, begins" war Drematurely and in
Labor. violation of its agreement, such breach
At the noon Intermission of the con- Qf its covenant Is an act of war against
given a definite diplomatic status by ae
curing to its representatives the im
munity and privileges of ambassadors
and extrm-terrltoriality for the build
ings and home in which it has its head
quarters. Arbltratloa Vital Matter.
"States members of the league having
a difference may submit it by agree
ment to arbitration. The members of
the league covenant that if they become
parties to an arbitration they will
abide the award of the arbitrators. If
either party objects to arbitration, then
the difference is to be submitted to the
executive council for mediation or rec
ommendation. If the council succeeds
in securing an agreement it is to be
published. If not, then the council may
report a recommendation. If it is
unanimous, excluding representatives
of interested parties, then the council
must take measures to carry the rec
ommendation into effect. Should the
executive council divide, the majority
is required to publish tta recommenda
tions with reasons and the m'nority
may do so, without further action.
"Every member of the league agrees
not to resort to any war until three
months after the difference between It
and its opponent has been submitted
to arbitration and an award made, or
to the executive council and a recom
mendation made, and not then if the
party against whom war is threatened
complies with the award or'the recom
mendation. If any member of the
Kress, during which time platforms for
permanent organization were drafted
by committees of the state delegations,
ail of the members of the official
partv sDoke at various civic -functions.
With the execotion of Mr. Taft, who
remained to address the night se?sion,
the party continued its tour to San
Francisco, leaving last night, where
the sixth congress will be convened
on W ed n e sd :i .
The full text of Mr. Taffs address
at the morning session follows:
"Ladies and Gentlemen:
"The League to Enforce Peace, of
which this is a congress called for Ore
gon. Washington and Idaho, is a volun
tary association of men and women of
the United States organized early in
IMS to spread propaganda in favor of
a plan for world ctf-operation to main
tiin peace, by enforced settlement of
differences likely to lead to war. on
principles of justice and fairness. Its
promoters had long been interested in
promoting arbitration between nations.
They thought that the end of this
world destructive war would find the
peoples of the various countries in a
irame of mind in which they would
frtadly accept any reasonable interna
tional co-operation to prevent war. Ac
cordingly the league adopted a plat
lorra in which it recommended that the
United States enter a league of nations,
in which the members of the league
frhould stipulate that ail differences
urtsing between them of a justiciable
character should be submittted 10 a
council of conciliation: that every mem
ber of the league should agree to re
frain from going to war until after
judgment by the court or recommenda
tion by the council of conciliation, and
that any member who violated this ob
ligation by attacking any other mem
ber should be overwhelmed by the eco
nomic pressure of all the members of
the league and the joint military forces
of the K-acue. if need be. bimilar as
nidations were formed In England and
France, with similar platforms, except
that they provided for a forcible execu
tion of the judgments and a dealing with
the recommendations of the councils of
Conciliation by the league.
Bain Here on Which to Work.
"There has been until now no means
of knowing exactly what is meant by a
league of nations except by reterence
to the platforms of these voluntary as
xociations. The governments of Eng
land and France created commissions
for the special purpose of studying the
proper framework of a league of na
tions. but the result of their studies
was not given to the public. Our gov
ernment had declined to create such a
commission. On Friday last, however.
the committee to whom the great Fans
congress had delegated the work of
preparing a plan for a league of na
tions, of which President Wilson was
the chairman, made a report which was
concurred in by the representatives of
nil of the 14 nations at the
conference. Now therefore we have an
authoritative statement of the constitu
tion of a league of nations and an of
ficial basts for its discussion.
"This constitution is indeed wider in
the scope of its purpose than was the
platform of our league to enforce peace.
The platform of our league was a mere
fckelcleon. It had prepared a tentative
draft of a treaty to give it body and
constructive details, but that tentative
draft was never given to the public, be
cause it was thought wiser by govern
mental authority to withhold it. The
pole object of the League to Enforce
Peace platform was to promote peace
and avoid war by instrumentalities for
administering justice between nations.
It did not even contain a provision with
respect to the limitation of armament.
The purpose of the constitution report
ed at Paris, which we may properly
call the great covenant of Paris.' is
much wider. It is to organize a real
and permanent league, whose first ob
ject is to provide for the just settle
ment of differences between nations ;
.and the preventing of war, and for this
purpose to limit armament. Its second
object is to exercise executive functions
in the administration of international
trusts like the government of backward
peoples whom this war has released
from the sovereignty of the iiermans
and the other central powers. Its third
object is to promote, co -ope rat ion be
tween the nations, with a view to the
letterment of the condition of labor in
all the nations and for joint action in
respect to other useful matters which
tltrectly affect international bureaus,
like the poMal union, quarantine agree
ments, commercial relations, etc. The
lacue consists now of the 14 nations
cili latin praco to (irnnany, of whom
the responsible and influential members
are the five great powers. Great Itritain.
France. Italy, Japan and the. United
grates.
C oofttitnlloa la Outlined.
"The leajrue is to be formed by a
cnonant which recites in its preamble
its general purpose, and then states in
fi different articles; the agreements in
cluded in the covenant.
"The present membership of the
Vague is to consist of the 1 4 nations
ho ar to be signatories to the cove
nant and to sign the treaty of peace.
The rao'-t numerous acting governmen
tal branch of the league is a body of
iel?g.ttrs to meet once a year or of
tiier if necessary, to consist of at least
tne representat lve and not more than
i hree f rmn each nation, with but one
-m for rach state. This body of tlele
saip.s is to pass upon the quest ion of
all other members of the league and is
lack: of Joint international action. The
test of experience will develop the need
of the permanent court which the ex
ecutive council is already directed to
frame, and to this court league mem
bers should be required to submit all
differences that are capable of settle
ment on principles of law, allowing
them to submit to the mediation and
recommendation of the executive coun
cil only non-justiciable questions. The
necessity for this distinction has been
widely recognized in every previous
pian.
"The original plan f the League to
Enforce Peace and the present consti
tution of the League, of Nations in the
matter of preventing war really differ
but little except as to reduction In ar
mament. The plan of restraining war
until submission and judgment is the
same. The plan of boycott is the same.
The plan of military enforcement dif
fers only in that it is voluntary among
the members of the league in the offi
cial constitution, while it was obliga
tory in the league to enforce peace. But
the provisions creating a state of war
between the recalcitrant member and
other members of the league are so
complete in the Paris covenant that the
difference is not great.
"This Paris covenant has been made
by the Ave nations who are to prescribe
the terms of the treaty of peace. It has
been made in view of the necessities of
that treaty and the machinery required
for its execution. This is a very fortu
nate circumstance in the creation of the
league and its growth into a league of
all nations. A convention of ail the
nations would never have agreed on
to be met by universal boycott of all f"yth'"S p?f ctJcaJ his' Tho"fn
the members of the league against th
recalcitrant members. Not only is thi
boycott to be conducted by members
of the league, but they are required to
prevent non-members of the league
also from having any commercial or
personal relations with the outlaw
member and its nationals or citizens.
The boycott is to include a complete
severance of all trade, financial and
personal relations between the citizens
of the respective countries, and a sun
dering of all diplomatic and consular
relations. The executive council is to
recommend to the members of the
league the effective military or naval
forces which they should severally
contribute to the armed forces of the
leae-ue to be used to protect the cov
enants of the league. The members of
the league are 4o divide the loss inci
dent to the boycott failing on some
members and not on otrrers. and mu
tuallv to support one another In resist
ing any special measure of hostility
brought by the outlaw state against
any one or more of them. The league
members are bound to afford passage
through their territory for the force of
anv member or members wno are co
operating to protect the covenants of
the league. The participation in tne
boycott is obligatory upon all mem
bers of the league. The contribution
of needed military force from the sev
eral members of the league while fixed
by the council is not obligatory. The
result is, however, to create a state of
war between the recalcitrant member
and all the members of the league,
much like that existing between certain
South American countries and Germany
during the late war.
How JDIftpateo Will Be Settled,
"When a difference arises between a
non-member and a member or between
two non-members, they are to be invited
to accept temporary membership of the
league for the purpose of settling the
dispute, in accordance with the pro
cedure just described. If the non-member
refuses to accept the obligations of
the league, it is to be treated as a mem
ber of the league would be treated
which violated its covenant. This at
titude toward non-members is in pur
suance of a declaration of the constitu
tion that the league is interested in the
maintenance of universal peace and
holds any threatened breach of it as a
matter of its concern as to which II
may take action.
"Three classes of countries with
peoples not ready for self government
are committed to the trusteeship of the
league. which administers them
through competent governments as
mandatories of the league.
"A permanent mandatory commis
sion is established, which is to require
annual reports of the mandatories and
to see that the restrictions contained
in the constitution or in the special
charters which are issued by the ex
ecutive council to mandatories have
been observed.
"Armaments are to be reduced to the
lowest point consistent with national
safety and league obligations and the
executive council Ik directed to deter
mine for the consideration and action
of the several governments what mili
tary equipment and armament is fair
and in reasonable proportion to the
scale of forces contemplated in the pro
gramme of disarmament. The limits
adopted are not to be exceeded without
permission of the executive council.
This leaves it to each government to
determine upon the recommendation of
the council what it will do. and then
to adhere to that limit. The executive
council is to advise how the evil of
private manufacture of munitions and
war implements can be prevented with
proper regard for those countries not
able themselves to manufacture the
munitions and Implements necessary
or their safety. run disclosure of
knowledge as to the scale of armament
and the means of manufacture avail
able to each country is required. The
league is given the power to supervise
trade in arms and munitions with
the countries in which the control of
this traffic is necessary to the common
interest.
Monroe Doctrine Fxtended
"Article ten of the constitution ex
tends our Monroe Doctrine to the world
by making it an obligation of the
league members to respect and preserve.
as against external aggression, the
territorial integrity and existing polit
ical independence of all states mem
bers of the league. In case of any such
aggression, the executive council shall
advise upon means by which the obli
gation shall be fulfilled.
"This covers all of the Monroe Doc
trine except the part of it forbidding a
nation in the western hemisphere to
sell to a foreign country its territory
or any part thereof without consent of
the United States. If this is deemed
i..i port ant, thouch there is very little
likelihood of danger from it, the presi
dent can doubtless secure a specific
provision of this sort in the treaty.
"Treaties of members which are in
consistent with the league are abrogat
ed and all subsequent treaties between
members of the league are to bo regis
tered in the secretariat of the league
and are not binding until registered
"Amendments to the league are to be
made only upon a unanimous vote of
the executive council and a two-thirds
vote-pf the delegates.
"This extended summary of the con
the ultimate object of the league is the
protection of the interest of weaker na
tions, such nations are most likely to
be obstructive in their insistence upon
excessive representation. This league is
growing up as an institution forced by
the necessities of the situation. It is a
wholesome and natural process in the
establishment of needed and permanent
institutions. Out of a clear sky in nor
mal times it would be a matter of the
utmost difficulty to form such a League
of Nations. Here the condition which
confronts the world and those responsi
ble for its welfare calls for immediate
action. Out of that immediate action
comes this league, adapted to present
uses and admirably available as a foun
dation for a world league.
Scope of Peace Treaty Voiced.
'The treaty of peace to be framed is
to deal with Middle and Eastern Eu
rope, the near orient and the German
colonies. The plan is to create ten or
a dozen new states, more than half of
them independent republics and the re
mainder under some sort of suzerainty
of the league. These new states are to
befounded not only in the interest of
the peoples who form them, but also to ,
constitute bulwarks against a revival
of German power. Finland, the Baltic
treaty-making power from entering
into the obligation. It is not a transfer
of sovereignty it is-only an agreement
to limit our fortifications - and ou
means of attack in consideration
other nations doing the same thing.
The most famous agreement that we
have made on this point is the agree
ment we have with Great Britain, by
which we bind ourselves not to fortify
the boundary between Canada and the
United States, or to place war vessel
on the lakes. That agreement is o
one hundred years' standing, and' has
been praised by every statesman who
has referred to it. It was first made
by correspondence between two secre
taries of states and afterwards was
embodied in a treaty. Does Senator
Poindexter claim that this was un
constitutional and destroyed the sov
erelgnty of the United States? The
senator says we cannot agree with an
other nation to take over and govern
the exclusive right of manufacturing
munitions and instruments of war.
Why not, if other nations agree to do
the same thing and to limit their pro
duction in the same way? The trouble
with Senator Poindexter's conception of
this government is that it hasn't the
powers of other great nations to help
along the world by a joint agreement
that shall prevent the dangerous in
crease of armament on the part of any
nation. In assuming to exalt the sov
ereignty of the nation as above every
thing, he falls into the error of mini
mizing' its power to do anything to
help preservation of peace.
"Senator Poindexter objects to article
18, in which the league is to supervise
the traffic of arms in countries where
it is deemed necessary in the public
welfare to restrict the traffic No one
who is not a searcher for objections
could apply that article to the United
States. If of course refers to countries
of the backward peoples who cannot
be trusted with firearms, and whose
use of them the world may well restrict
to maintain its safety.
HiHtory Cited to Senator.
"The most extreme position of Senator
Poindexter is that the United States
cannot consent to arbitration of issues
between it tind other countries because
it might affect the vital interests of
the nation. There have been one hun
dred arbitrations between the United
States and other countries, many of
them of very .threat concern. The ques
tion of the payment of the Alabama
claims related to a principle of inter
national law and International safety
that was of the highest importance.
The arbitration of the Alaskan boun
dary was another. The arbitration of
our rights in the Bering sea and in the
seal herd of the Pribyloff islands was
another. On this arbitration we sub
mitted to the decision of an impartial
tribunal the question whether we had
the rights or not which we claimed.
The assumption that either the court of
arbitration or the executive council of
the league by uanimous judgment
provinces, Poland, the Czecho-SIovak I wouia scck io ihkc away me aover-.
state, the Ukraine, the Jutro-Siav state eignty or the liberty or the independ-
are all to be republics to curb and make nce of the United States, is utterly
impossible sr revival of Germany's
dream of middle Europe and of an em
pire- reaching from Hamburg to the
Persian gulf. They are to prevent the
extension of Germany's influence in
Russia, where her commercial schemes
have had in the past a controlling in
fluence. These new nations must be
rendered stable and must be kept at
peace with each other and at peace with
the countries out of which they have
been carved. Their peoples have never
been used to self-government and we
must expect internal disorders, due to
that lack of self-restraint that practice
in self-government gives. They are to
be six or seven Cubas and must remain
under the kindly assistance of the na
tions who dictate this peace until their
stability is secured.
The League of Nations which ex
isted during the war, by which
the war was won, continues in
the conference at Paris and must be
continued after the signing of the
treaty with machinery to secure the
peaceful settlement of the myriad of
questions and differences that will arise
between the new countries and the old
n the ultimate establishment of their
relations. The fixing and the mainten
ance of the boundaries in the Balkans,
always a most difficult question, and
the determination of the rights of new
neighbors will be a continuous source
of adjudication and adjustment if peace
is to be enjoyed instead of a continual
state of war. In responding to these
ecessities this league has been consti
tuted. No one could look into the
problems before the nations conferring
at Paris without realizing that a league
with judicial and adjustment machinery
and the enforcement of judgments and
settlements was an absolute require
ment. As the conferees proceed to con
sider the details of the treaty and the
need for speedy and enforced settle
monts and measures repressive of war,
they may conclude that the provisions
contained in this constitution are not
fully adapted to the present needs. If
so, special articles can be added to the
constitution to meet such exigencies.
Indeed one may reasonably predict that
within the elastic provisions of this
constitution new means will be devel
oped to help the effectiveness of the
league as a peacemaker.
"On the whole, we should thank God
that such a great advance toward the
suppression of war and the promotion
of permanent peace has been taken as
in agreement upon this constitution,
with every reasonable prospect of its
embodiment into the permanent treaty
at Paris. Is it possible that such
vital feature of the treaty upon which
14 states through their representatives
at Paris agree is to be defeated by the
lack of the necessary two-thirds vote
in our senate? I cannot think so.
When President Wilson returns to pre
sent the result of his visit to Europe it
must be that the American people will
welcome him with approval and con
gratulations upon the success of the
congress in which he has taken bo
prominent a part.
to be admitted. Before a nation shall : oleary that lne nations that agreed to
"K " ....ix. mw ummi air it intended to give the league real
and willing lo conform to the covenant powpr This poWer rests on the cove-,-ind
mu.-t receive the vote of two-thirds j n;,nt!, of the members of the league and
of the member of the league. This is . on their agreed co-operation in the uni
arawn to keep Germany out until she is . Versal boycott and in their voluntary
fn. The body of delegates also has the ! co.operation bv tne U5C of mmtaP,
jum-tioii of taking the place of the ex-; force lo puni6r, any covenant-breaking
ccutivc council as a tribunal of concil- oinbcr or non-member of the league.
L.tum and compromise when either) ..Thc punishment of a universal bov
party to the controversy also demands rolt to wnich all the members of Jhe
it The mc-M important agency of thejieipue arl piedr?trfj, ls a vcry formid-l.acu-
i the executive council, which. ahle jnstrument of repression, and as
consists of representatives of the live j lhls is verv llkely lo be supported by
great Powers and of four other me.n- thp voluntary military action of some
ber to be select, d by the body of dole- j ,iwin,hr4 f th toai. -,.0n.- in.
, terestcd. the outlaw nation will find
gates. I his council lias numerous cx-
.-utie duties for the league and in
most pe-t5 is the lea-ue. and it per
forms an important function in media
tion and settlement of differences.
There is a permanent secretariat of the
league, which Is to be established at
the seat of the lea true, there to perform
the duties indicated by its name. A per
manent military ccmmission is to ad-
ise the council on questions of the
itself in various staces of war with the
whole civilized world. We may reason
ably hope that this prospect will min
imize the temptation to make war and
so secure the object of the league.
Ot her Fnnrtfons oted
"The other functions of the league
are going to give it body and import
ance and out of then wilt grow co-
Presldent'a Work Landed.
"In the president's addresses and
messages during the war and since he
has promised to the long-harassed
peoples of the allied nations that the
United States would press for a League
of Nations which should secure perma
nent peace when this war ended. Thus
he revived the morale of the war-weary
soldiers and workers of our allies.
These promises were not repudiated by
any American when they were made.
They were echoed in all the appeals to
the American people and they found
ready response among them and no
protest. The nation is thus pledged to
thc idea of a League of Nations to ren
der peace permanent. Good faith re
quires that what other nations are will
ing to undergo to secure the peace of
the world we should ourselves be will
ing to assume.
"Only now after the reaction that the
end of the war brings and after impa
tience at the delays in reaching peace
conditions do we hear on the floor of
the senate the criticisms of the presi- j
dent's promise of a League of Nations.
If uttered during the war they -would
have been out of tune with the over
flowing spirit of the American people
and their determination to win this
war and end the possibility of any such
war in the future. Now for the first
time do we hear the claim that we did
not go into this war for the benefit ot
the world, but for our own selfish pur
poses. "Senator Poindexter attacks the
eighth article of the constitution of the
league on disarmament as follows:
" 'The provision is unconstitutional
and an impairment of the severeignty
and independence of this country.'
Taft Answers Poindexter.
"Congress under the constitution de
termines what our armament shall be;
and therefore it is quite true that even
if we made an agreement, congress
would retain the constitutional power
of violating that agreement and in
creasing the armament beyond the limit
set; but that does not prevent the
gratuitous. It is so extreme a view
that it ought not to be given any
weight as an objection to machinery
for the peaceful adjustment of differ
ences by decision of international
courts.
"To recur again to the objects which
run as a thread through all of Senator
Poindexter s attacks upon the consti
tution of the league, namely, that th
league minimizes the sovereignty of th
United States and of every nation
which joins it, there is a misconception
in the mind of the senator as to sov
eignty that needs to be pointed out. No
reasonable and patriotic and properly
self-respecting citizen of the United
States can claim that our sovereignty
should be more than a right to free
dom of action within the limitations of
international law, international moral
ity, and a due regard for the rights o
other nations. The only sovereignty
which we ought to claim is sovereignty
regulated by these limitations. It
exactly analogous to the liberty that
we enjoy as individuals, which is lib
erty curtailed and regulated by law
in order that other citizens may enjoy
the same liberty. It is an exercise of
rights on my part consistent with th
exercise of the same rights on the part
of every other man. it is not complete
liberty of action. Proper national sov
ereignty is similarly restricted. Now th
league does not proceed in any way
further to restrict that sovereignty bu
only through the joint compulsion of
all nations to keep a would-be outlaw
nation within the proper and existing
limitation.
League Not Super-Sovereign,
"The league is not a super-sov
ereign. It is only a partnership. Its
power is in joint agreement not in th
establishment of a government. Th
senator's objection is fundamental. If
it were analyzed and logically devel
opd it would be seen to be a reactionary
doctrine that belongs to the German
view of the state and its needs and its
rights. It is not consonant with any
hope by international action of settling
differences other than by the power o
the sword. It leads directly to the pro
posal that 'might makes right. It is
based on a doctrine of supreme national
selfishness. It is the pessimistic and
despairing view of any possibility of
restricting war. It contemplates with
entire acquiescence the prospect of
another war like that through which
we have passed, in the next 10 or 20
years. It perverts the glorious idea of
a national sovereignty to keep it from
helping the family of nations. It per
verts our grand federal constitution in
order to render helpless for the good
of the world what under the providence
of God has become the world's greatest
power.
'Will the American people acquiesce
in such a small view of our responsi
bilities for mankind and of our gov
ernmental capacity for international
benefit? We may be confident they
will not.
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NEARING TRIAL NEAR END
Case of Alleged Scditionist May Go
to Jury Today.
NEW YORK, Feb. 17. Both sides
summed up today In the case of Scott
Nearing, former college professor, on
trial in federal court for alleged sedi
tious writing during the war and Judge
Mayer will charge the jury tomorrow.
Karl Barnes, assistant federal district
attorney, reviewing the case for the
government, declared that in express
ing his opinions concerning the war
Nearing had done so for the purpose
of obstructing the orderly process of
law, merely because he did not agree
with the law.
Cowlitz Grange Opposes Agitators.
KELSO, Wash., Feb. 17. (Special.)
The regular meeting of Cowlitz Pomona
grange with the Catlin grange in the
Redmen's hall was attended by visiting
grangers from all parts of the county
and the meeting was the most en
thusiastic held In some time. The
grange went on record in opposition
to all revolutionary or bolshevik agita
tion. A resolution in opposition to gov
ernment ownership of the railroads,
telegraph and telephone lines also was
adopted. This resolution urged the
early return of the railroads to their
owners.
Radio Student Returns.
SHERIDAN, Or., Feb. 17. (Special.)
Ralph R- Leonard, who has been in
the navy since the beginning of the
war, has returned to his home at Rose
Lodge, Or., with a complete and honor
able discharge from the service. Mr.
Leonard has led a somewhat varied life
in the navy, having been sent to many
different ports and at last stationed
at the radio school at Harvard univer
sity, where he has done exceedingly
well in this line. He will take up his
civilian work at once.
There will be a large amount of data
brought before the Interstate Commerce
commission when the complaint of !
Portland organizations of rates dis
criminatory to this city and port comes
up lor hearing. One of the paradoxes
of rate making is the assertion often
quoted from traffic authorities that it
is impossible to determine the exact
cost of moving a ton of freight over a
given distance. The same thing is said
as regards movement of a carload of
freight, or as to the relxtive cost of
moving an er-pty or loaded car.
However, some traffic men will ad
mit that the approximate cos1- of serv
ice can be determined, has been estab
lished in some cases and rates based
upon the facts for the movement of
some classes of traffic in certain in
stances, say attorneys in the case. In
contrast with this attitude of traffic
men is the fixing of rates for special
service that is based upon what is as
sumed as known cost of the service
rendered.
In this class comes rates for special
trains and for furnishing private cars
to parties based upon the reservation
by ale of a given number of tickets.
Investigation Is Thorough.
The Oregon Public Service commis- !
si on has made exhaustive investiga
tions of the cost of service performed
in deciding applications for increased
rates or upon complaints of shippers
that certain rates were excessive. In
determining some of these issues the
uestion of actual cost of service be
came paramount in order that the jus
tification for rates might be decided
intelligently.
This principle, employed in deter
mination of applications or complaints
on intrastate rates, ls the big problem
bout which will center the fight for
recognition of the advantage of loca
tion enjoyed by Portland nearer the
wheat fields of the Columbia river
basin and reached by water-grade
routes of railroads, while Puget sound
orts are reached by railroads of heavy
gradients and sharp curves over the
Cascade mountains.
Attorneys who will appear for the
interests of Portland will have access
to the accumulated data of the Oregon
Public Service commission, even if the
body does not come into the hearing to
intervene, because the whole question
is one of large public interest.
Relative Costs Compiled.
Engineers of the Public Service com
mission have accumulated complete
data showing the equated distances be
tween the producing grain districts to
the markets to which their product has
been moving. These figures will re
veal the relative cos of service for
movement of traffic between points of
origin in the Inland Empire to des
tinations at Portland or Puget sound.
Equated distances over lines of heavy
grades as compared with lines follow- I
ing water grades demonstrate the
vastly greater cost of operating to haul
traffic over mountains.
The comprehensive map that has
been prepared for presentation to the
Interstate Commerce commission will
be confirmed by tabulations of the data
bearing upon the whole array of facts
it illustrates. Fixing of the date'for
the hearing is anticipated very soon.
BARGAIN' J
" MAT. WED. S5c I"
Famous STOCK COMPANY in the Mod
ern, Up-to-date Comedy tiuueess
ALONG CAME
RUTH
The story of a typical girl, "WAlllnirferd."
Evenings, 2.c, 50c; Mats., 25c (tax)
Mats. Wed.. Sat.
Next DADDY LONG LEGS.
MUSICAL
STOCK
LYRIC
Matinee Dally, 10c Only.
This week the uproariously tunny musical
farce
RIGHT FROM BLCFFVILLE.
With Dillon and Franks (Mike and Ike)
and the Kosehud Girls.
Ginger. Pep and Gaiety.
Tonight. County More (extra).
l!lfiilfl!!!1IIPP!ISIie
PgPllHHHIiyilHIIBjll
i 1 ll SHIS WEEK I H I
1 IMickey-Jl
I !i j lI 1
I rl HEAR IfjS
II "GUTERSGN" if g
iIiiiiiiihII
i 1:111 lliili 1 Hill II
"THK HEART OF ANNIE WOOD"
Witli Edna l'endletfm A: Co.
Senor Westonj and Harriet Lorraine
Mabel Cameron and Alan Oevitt & Co.
FOSTER BAIX and FORD WEST
"Since the layn of '61"
Oolores Valleeita and Indian Leopardn
Three Mizuna .laps, Orpheum Travel
Weekly, KinoKrams. News Meekly
de l.uxe.
HAMPTON BI.AKE
"Just a Uttte Different"
THIS SHOW CLOSES WITH THE MAT
INEE WEDNESDAY. 1EB. 19.
Bate, tor
Classified Advertisements
in
The Oregonian.
Daily and Sunday
Per line.
One line j-j
Two consecutive times ............. .2'.
Three consecutive time goc
Six or ceven consecutive- times hUo
The" following classification excepted,
th rate on wliich i ?o ier line per day:
Situation Wanted Male. Situations
Private Families. Board and Kooma
Private FamilleN. H on f keeping Rooms
Private Families. o ad taken for
le than two lines. Count six words to
he line. Advertisements teieept "Per
honals") will be taken over the tele
phone if the advertiser Is a subscriber
to either phone. o pricen will be quoted
over the phone, but statement will be
rendered the following day. Advertise
ments are taken for The Daily Ore
gonian until 4 1. 31.; for 1 he Sunday
Oregonian until 9 P. M. bat ui day.
AUCTION SAXB TODAY.
At the Baker Auction House, Tamhlll and
West Park streets. Sale at 10 A. M.
MORRISON AT IITH
PLAYS THAT PLEASE
CREAMERY PLEA EXPECTED
VIOLATION CHARGED IX IDAHO
DECLARED TECHNICAL.
THE BIG SUCCESS.
REBECCA OF
SUNNYBROOK
FARM
NIGHTS, 25e. 50c. (inc.
AM, MATINEES. 2.V.
NEXT "WITHIN THE EAW."
MEETING NOTICES.
A RECEPTION' in honor of
Mrs. Emma C. Ocobork wiil he
held in the Multnomah Hotel to
morrow (Wednesday) eventnp
February 19. from 9 to 11. Mem
bers of the Eastern Star and
Ma&OniC frafernitv ar rnntialiv
invited to attend. By order of the worthv
srand matron. XELLIH McKIXLEY.
Grand Secretary.
WASHi.OTONT COMMAND
ERV. NO. K. T Special
conclave will be held this
(Tuesday), evening-. Red Cross
neifree in lull form. Supper hl
o'clock. A full attendance is
desired. All sojourning Sir
Jvnifrhts are cordially invited.
GEO. P. E1S.MAN'. Kec.
OSWEGO LODGE. NO 10!).
A. p. AND A. M. Special com
munication this (Tuesday). Feb.
IS. 7:30 P. JI. Milwaukee. Or.
ork In E. A. and F. C. desrees.
A good attendance desired.
J. M. SN YDER. Sec.
A. AND A. S. RITE. AINS
WORTH CHAPTER OF ROSE
CROIX, NO. I. Kecular meet
ing; in Memorial hall.' Scottish
Rite cathedral, this (Tuesday)
evening at 8 o'clock. Bv order
WISE MASTER.
IVANHOB LODGE. NO. 1,
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, meets
every Tuesday evening. Cast).
Hail. Eleventh and Alder sta.
Visitors welcome.
THAI) I.. GRAVES, K. T. P.
HAWTHORNE LODGE. NO.
111. A. V. AND A. 11. Special
communication this (Tuesday)
evening, at 7:30. Work In the
E. A. degree. Visiting brethren .
welcome.
C. E. MILLER. Sec.
Jensen Company Admits Guilt in
Order to Avoid Trouble and
Notoriety ot Trial.
BOISE, Idaho, Feb. 17. (Special.)
The plea of guilty of the Jensen Cream
ery company in the federal court here
to the charge of violating the Sherman
anti-trust law caused some little specu
lation, but was not unexpected. The vio
lation of the law is held to have been
technical, although it cost that concern
$7500 in fines imposed by Judge Frank
B. Dietrich.
James H. Hawley, senior member of
the law firm of Hawley & Hawley, for
mer governor of the state, was in
charge of the case for the Jensen
Creamery company. He states that after
he made a thorough investigation of
the case, he felt that a technical viola
tion of the law had been made by the
old Jensen Creamery company, and in
order to save trouble and avoid the
notoriety of a trial it was decided to
enter a plea of guilty. Negotiations
were thereupon taken up with the
court, so that an agreement could be
reached with reference to the indict
ments to be dismissed.
Leon Bone, agent of the department
f Justice, had charge of the case for
the government and nan suDpenaed
witnesses from California, Washington
Oregon, Utah, Montana and Colorado
to testify at the triaL
Dutch Ship to Carry Soldiers.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 17. Negotia
tions have been completed, it was an
ounced today at the war department.
for having Holland-American liners
ring home American troops from
ranee oh their westward voyages be
ween tne unitea eiates ana ajutcn
ports.
AMUSEMENTS.
TODAY ONLY.
WILLIAM FARNUM
IN
"THE HEART OF A LION."
Also Fox comedy, "A Tight Squeeze.'
CIRCLE THEATER
fourth at Washington.
OAKS
ROLLER SKATING RINK
NOW OPEN
Largest and finest Skating Kink
in the Northwest
Perfect Ventilation
Health and Exercise.
Afternoon and Evening.
Cars First and Alder.
m
ffj
House of Hits
IPPODMME
Biggest Show of the
Season
TODAY
TODAY
Ned Nestor and .
Olivette Haynes
with
Olive Green
and a Bevy of Chorus Beauties, in
"SWEETHEARTS"
A Lilting Musical Comedy
Hallett and Howe
including
Maurice Chick
in "THE BRUTE"
A Gripping Drama of the Northwest
7 ALL-STAR ACTS 7
Coming Thursday
NED NESTOR AND COMPANY
In "The Manhaters"
IMPERIAL LODGE NO. l."9.
A. F. AND A. M. Special com
munication this (Tuesday) even
ing, 7:30 o'clock. February 18.
E. A. degree. Visitors welcome.
W. P. ANDRUS, Sec.
PORTLAND LODGE. NO. .".a.
A. F. AND A. M. Special com
munication this (Tuesday) even
ing 7 o'clock. Masonic temple,
fifth floor. F. C. degree. By
order W. M.
H. J. HOUGHTON. Sec.
PORTLAND CHAPTER NO. 97,
O. E. S. Stated communication
this (Tuesday) evening. W. O. W.
hall. 334 Russell street. Official
visit of W. G. W. of Oregon. Vis
itors welcome. Order of W. M.
SOPHIE U HOBSON. Sec.
SELLWOOD LODGE. NO. 1S1
A. F. AND A. M. Special com
munication this (Tuesday even
ing at 7:0 o'clock. Work. E. A.
degree. Visitors welcome. By
order W. il.
.1. H. BUTLER. Pec.
FRIEDLANDER'B ror lodge embleml.
class pina and medals. 310 Washington at.
EMBLEM Jewelry, buttons, charms, pins,
new designs. Jaeger Bros, 131-3 6th it.
DIED.
BLOCK February 17, 1P19. at th rrii
dence of her daughter, ol 2 Borthwick.
Mrs. Julia Block, age 82 years, beloved
mother of Mrs. Tcna Buhler, fr. Uarriu
i BAcker, Mrs. Julia KIbaum and Adolph,
Edward, Julius, Rheinhold Block. Rrmaina
at .Pearson undertaking: parlors, Kus.seil
street at Union avenue.
ROWE At Seattle, Wash., Feb. 16, Acnes
H. Rowei beloved mother of Harry and
Donald H. Rowe, widow of the late Henry
K. Rowe. Funeral will be held. In this
city. Announcement later.
HILL In this city. Feb. 17, Sarah E. Bill,
aged 81, beloved mother of Mrs. O. J.
Schwab, of San Kranciaco; P. C. McCamey.
t)f Amity, Or., and Mrs. O. U. Thornton, of
Portland. Remains are at Ilniman's fu
neral parlors. Funeral notice later.
HILL. At the residence. 781 Hawthorne
avenue. February 17, lUlft. iSanih K. Hill,
aged M years S months 20 days. Remain
at Holman's funeral parlors. Funeral
notice later.
HOLPROOK In this city, Feb. 17, James
Holbrook. Funeral notice later. Remains
are at the residential parlors of Miller &
Tracey.
ititJM.l-WHwnw.jwnnn-W in i ) ii ipumj
tWr-lh aari'i mm I'm tfa-"'' "- i V Y-i' i -rr " -' 1 -
,X THIS WEEK
I THE 1
I GOLD CORE Ik
.'.
ALL, FI JI m '
mi i MsaasMiagaawaMttut -
v j co.Mi.vt; i'V-i
BEBTLY TELL
m rri
THE SPEXDER jJ
A N T A C E Q
MAT- DAILY 2:30
cTvahi Leroy Presents
I.fcROY. TALMA BOtiCO
The (ireat Triple Alliance of Wonder Work
ers in Original Myateriea
6 OTHER BIG ACTS 6
Three Performances Daily. Kight Curtain
at 7 and 9
Phone your want ads to the Orego
nian. Phone Main' 7070, A 6095.
FO'ERAL NOTICES.
MURCHISON The funeral services of the
late Anna K. Murchison, who passed ana
in this city Feb. 16. 1H11, will h' held
Feb. IS at. 2 P. M. from the chapel of the
Skewes Undertaking Co., cor. ad and Clay
under the auspices of Kirkpatrick Council
No. 2227, Knights and Iadies of Security.
Friends and members of above order in
vited to attend. At the conclusion of the
services the body will be taken to Somer
ville. Or., over the O.-W. It. & ;;. R. R.,
accompanied by members of the family,
where interment will take place.
SEME.VZA In this city, February 1.", ir1!,
William Scmenza, aced 17 years 4 monrh
2! days, beloved son of loranso and Rush
Semensa of lil4 Division street. Friend
invited to attend the funeral 6FrvK:rs,
which will be held at St. Michael's Church,
Fourth mid Mill streets, at :;0 A. M. to-
' day (Tuesday, February 18, l'Mii. inter
ment Multnomah cemetery. Remains a:
Hoiman's funeral parlors.
FISCHKR At the family residence, 114 East
Third strcet'Nori h, February 16. Carolina
Fischer, aged 70 years, mother of Mrs.
Charles Michael of this city. The funrra.
services will be conducted today (Tues
dav), February IS, at 2 1 M., at the above
residence. Friends invited to attend. In-trrim-nt
Greenwood cemetery. Dunning &
MuKntee directors.
ROWE At 35r. Boston St., February 16, 1011.
Mrs. H. S. Rowe, beloved moiner Ol Marry
and Captain Donald H. Rowe, aged t::
rears A member of Fasturn Star, Ros
C'ltv Chapter. Portland, Or. Funeral
services to be held at Holman's undertak
ing parlors, February 19, at 10:O A. M.
McCARL In this city. Fee. it, i:u.
Richard S, oeioveo miani son oi wr. ana
Mrs. Andrew S. McCarl, aged 10 days.
Services were held yesterday at 3:30 P. M.
from the Skewes chapel, with interment
at Riverview metcry.
K1RSCHBAUM The funeral services of the
late Wm. Kirscnoaum win ie neid Tues
day, Feb. 18, at 2 P. M. at the chapel of
Miller & Tracey. Services private. Inter
ment at Multnomah Park cemetery.
STOKER The remains of the late J. X.
Stoker will be forwarded Tuesday, Feb. 1H,
under direction of Miller & Tracey, t
Saginaw, Mich., where services will bu
heid and interment take place.
BO'.VERS The remains of the late Marv K.
Bowers will be forwarded to Brownsville,
Or., today (Tuesday), by Dunning & Mc-iJiUee.