VOL.. LVIII. XO. 18,144.
PORTLAND. OREGON. FRIDAY, JANUARY 17, 1919.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
SOVIET DEMANDED
BY LABOR RADICALS
Fiery Oratory Marks Con
gress in Chicago.
TREE HOME'SLAYES,' IS PLEA
Pictures of Yankee Soldiers
5 Carrying Flags Hissed.
DEBS EXPRESSES 'REGRET
Conservative Element Is Denounced
. and "Silk Hat Conspirators'
Are Invited to "Warfare. ,
CHICAGO, Jan. 16. This was field
flay for the extreme radicals at the
National Lahor Congress, called to con
sider a programme for liberating
Thomas J. Moonejr and Warren K. Bil
lings. Practically every principle of the So
cialists and the I. W. W. was urged
for adoption in the flood of oratory
which occupied both the morning and
the afternoon sessions.
Speakers demanded the organization
of an American soviet, the press and
capitalist class were denounced, and
the declaration was made that a new
day for labof'is at hand in which the
masses will rule the world. .
Labor Federation Assailed.
Pleas were made for universal de
mocracy and solidarity of labor, and
the American Federation of Labor was
bitterly assailed. The radical delegates
and the crowd in the gallery loudly
cheered the revolutionary sentiments
expressed by the speakers. The climax
was reached when a moving picture was
shown of the Mooney case. One scene
showed soldiers carrying an American
flag in the San Francisco Preparedness
day parade and there were hisses from
some of the radicals in the crowd when
this .was flashed on the screen.
The committee on resolutions is ex
pected to make its final report tomor
row, after whtch the convention will
adjourn.
Debs Eiprror. Jlegreta. -
Tonight the leaders of both the con
servatives and the radicals were un
able to predict with any degree of ac
curacy what the congress would do at
its closing sessions.
The report, it ia said, will recommend
the adoption ofthe programme of the
International 'Workers' Defense League
for the liberation of Mooney and Bil
lings, and make some kind of a decla
ration of the numerous radical ideas
suggested for the policy of organized
labor during the reconstruction pe
riod. A telegram was read from Eugene V.
Debs, expressing regret at his inability
to come to Chicago and address the
convention because of the conditions
imposed by Federal Judge D. C. West
enhaver, of Cleveland. when the Social
ist leader was released on bail after
liis conviction for violation of the
' espionage law.
Conservative!! Branded Untrue. t
In the telegram Debs said among
other things:
"Free speech prevails in Russia, but
Is dead In the united States since the
world has been made safe for democ
racy. The conservative element has
the unqualified approval and support
of the capitalist press, which can only
mean that the conservative element is
true to the capitalist class and false
to the working class. I am with and
for the radicals.
"The hour Jias struck for action.
.Long-winded resolutions and humble
petitions to corporation tools in public
office and corrupt plans are more than
useless. . Mooney is innocent and the
whole world knows it.
"The convention can do no less than
demand hi3 unconditional release and
issue an ultimatum to that effect, civ
ing due notice that if that fails a gen
eral strike will follow at a specified
time and industry paralyzed through
out the land. Appeal has been made
to their consciences in vain and now
Jet the batteries of labor be opened
on their profits.
Kree "Home Slaves'' Plea.
lr tne silk-hat conspirators and
-wouia-oe lynchers out on the Pacific
Coast and elsewhere insist upon war,
let it come. We have nothing to lose
but the gags upon our lips and th
chains on our bodies. Now is the time
to prove the" solidarity of our class.
xne people are with us in this fight
ana win stand by us from coast to
coast in our determination to rtbuk
capitalist criminals and maintain our
rights ias American citizens."
James H. Maurer, president of the
Pennsylvania Federation of Labor and
vice-chairman of the convention, ex
pressed the radical view when he said;
"There are some things for this con
vention to do that are more important
than the Mooney case. While President
Wilson is at the peace conference to
free the poor slaves of Europe he will
not forget to do something to free the
poor wage slaves at home.
Radical Plan Outlined.
- "We are going to stay here and finish
this Job if it takes all year. If you
are a good revolutionist you will not
do anything to obstruct this new rad
ical movement. The day has passed
when officialism can railroad a man
to the gallows because of his opinions."
The speaker was cheered when he
criticised Postmaster-General Burle-
(Concluded on Page 3, Column C.)
SEVERE FOOD CRISIS
PREVAILS IN VIENNA
EXHAUSTIOX OF STOCKS IX
THREE DATS IS PROSPECT.
Arrival of Supplies From America
iVcwcd With Pessimism; Bol
shevik Menace Threatens.
BT BEATRICE BASKERVILLE.
(Copyright by the New York World. Pub
lished by arrangement.)
VIENNA, Jan. 16. (Special by Wire
less.) The food situation in this city
again has reached a severe crisis, and
the Burgomaster announces that from
Sunday next bread rations must be de
creased by one-half for a week.
The complete stoppage of the Hun
garian, Polish and Czecho-Slovak food
supplies has thrown Vienna upon, the
scanty sources of lower and upper
Austria, which are totally unable to
feed the city. Tyrol, Vorartberg, Salz
burg and Carinthia nave been swept
bare of food stocks.
The present of 17 carloads of food,
sent by the British expeditionary force
in Italy, through Lord Craven, com
mander of the force, relieved the situ
ation for a few days.
Vienna Vienna needs five sucji
trains daily unless Bolshevism is to
be added to her present miseries, for
she must have 260 carloads a week to
feed all her citizens, even under war
time rations.
The Inter-allied Food Commission,
recently here under .the leadership of
Dr. Alonzo "Taylor, promised 24,000
tons of grain, but this will only last
two weeks. The city authorities told
Dr. Taylor that Vienna's total food
stocks will be exhausted by Janu
ary 20.
Bolshevik agitators are working hard
to use the people's sufferings for their
own purpose and great uneasiness pre
vails as to the results of a mass meet
ing called by the Bolsheviki for Sat
urday. '
Thousands of families, whose men
are still war prisoners, are in a piti
able condition because the government
is unable t opay them any allowance,
owing to extreme dearth of public
funds.
Intense pessimism prevails regard
ing the arrival of food from America.
"It will come too late to save us from
utter ruin, and starvation," is the
opinion of many persons here.
KADISH BATTLES STUBBORN
Bushwhacking Parties Constantly
Harass Advance of Yankees.
WITH THE AMERICAN FORCES IN
NORTHERN RUSSIA. Dec. 16. (Cor
respondence of the Associated Press.)
The battles around Kadish have been
the most stubborn, and difficult that
the Americans have had in Russia up
to this time. In their advance beyond
the town they were constantly harassed
by bushwhacking parties appearing si
multaneously in the rear and on both
flanks in the swamps.
The original crossing of the Emtsa
River in the direction of the town was
attempted three times by the Amer
icans with considerable losses before
it was finally accomplished.
Difficulties of moving transport
trains of little Russian peasant carts
over the swampy roads have led to
many hardships, including shortage of
rations, and at. one time, miles, from
his medical equipment, the American
surgeon was forced to amputate the
leg of a wounded man with a pen
knife. F0CH ARRIVES. AT TREVES
Commander Confers With Germans
Regarding Armistice Extension.
' PARIS. Jan. 16. Marshal Foch, the
allied commander-in-chief, arrived in
Treves Wednesday morning for the
meeting with the German armistice
delegates for discussion of the exten
sion of the armistice. The Marshal re
ceived Mathias Erzberger and General
Von Winterfeldt, German representa
tives, in his private car.
It is likely the pour parlers will be
completed by this evening.
'FLU' SERUM TAKEN NORTH
v
Remedy - Carried Over Long Snow
Trail by Dog Teams.
-DAWSON, Y. T.r Jan. 14. (Delayed.)
Six Royal Northwest Mounted Police
constables left here today with dog
teams over the long snow trail to the
Arctic Coast carrying anti-influenza
serum which arrived here yesterday
over the Winter trail from the outside
world.
To keep tfce serum from freezing,
the officers carried it in belts next to
their skin. ' .
WORK OF SHIPS REPORTED
Nearly Half of Troops Taken Over
in V S. Carriers.
PARIS, Jan.- 16. American ships
transported 46.25 per cent of the
2.079,000 American troops sent over
seas, according to official figures given
-out today. British ships carried 48.25
per cent; Italian ships leased to Brit
ish, 3 per cent, and ships of other na
tions, 2.50 per cent. .
The American Navy escorted ships
carrying 82.75 per cent of all the troops.
AID IN SIBERIA PLANNED
lied Cross Appropriates $200,000
fo'r Use in Far East.
NEW YORK, Jan. 16. The American
Red Cross has appropriated $200,000 for
use by its commission in Siberia to
cover relief work for January and Feb
ruary. Part of this sum, the organization an
nounced today, will provide relief for
employes of the Siberian railways, who
have not been paid in several months.
'GERMANY IS READY
TOREBUILD'-EBERC
"Hands Now Free for Re
construction Work."
DIFFICULTIES ARE EXPECTED
Defeat of Spartacans Has
Partly Cleared Situation.
GOVERNMENT'S DUTY CLEAR
Requirements of Wilson Policy Must
Be Maintained at All Costs,
Declares Party Leader.
BY ARNO DOSCH FLETJROT.
(Copyright by the New York World. Pub
lished by arrangement.)
BERLIN, via Copenhagen, Jan. 16.
(Special.) Freidrich Ebert. head of the
provisional German government, has
prepared for the World and given to
me for transmission the following
article: -
"You may be sure that the last week
was filled with hard days for the gov- I
eminent, not only because we saw the
existence of Germany threatened, but
also because we had the greatest fear
lest the armistice might not be re
newea ana peace might not be con
cluded.
Need of Force Regretted.
"You should be mindful always that
the government of Germany consists
of workmen and we workmen have
great aversion to the use of force in
political struggles, owing to the long
years of political persecution by the
old regime. But when the Spartacus
people resorted to the methods of
tyranny and when our party comrades
to a man demanded to be armed we
could no longer avoid this painful
method of restoring order.
'It was the Social Democrats of Ber
lin who furnished a volunteer militia
and my colleague, Noske, the military
governor, brought them strong rein
forcements by summoning regular
troops, and by the tireless organization
of tens of thousands f men who had
declared themselves in accord with our
political views.
Itecwnatractloa Task; Now On.
"Now our hands are free, and we can
take up the great task of reconstruc
tion, on the accomplishment of which
the fate of the young German Repub
lie depends.
"For days and days no coal and no
foodstuffs have come Into Berlin. For
this lack we must provide, and we
must get our cemmunications in order.
Our elections for the National Assem
bly will be held next Sunday. Balloting
in the elections is fairly assured,
through the. miserable collapse of the
Spartacans. but not wholly assured.
"We must recover the arms and a
(Concluded on Page
Column 1.)
I Of fir" s Casualty Report.
I V5" 1
v .GTON. Jan. 16. Casualty
today contain 743 names 43
it died of wound, 16 from accl
on aviator), 157 from disease.
j wounded severely. 65 degree unde-
.ermlned, 40 slightly and 9 missing in
taction. The total casualties to date are:
Deaths
Reported. Today.
i!8.fS9 43
BOH
12.oHT 71
17.873 l.r7
...... s.aaa is
Total.
SO
13.411
J . 1 30
i32
Killed In action..
Lost at sea
ried of wound...
Lle1 of disease...
lied of accident..
Total 'deatha
. .07
12!. 893
. 19.407
204
440
9
fl-J.37.1
19.47S
Wounded"
Missing and priaonera.
Total caaualtlea 211.441 743 12.184
OREGON.
Wounded aeTerrly
Pomeroy, Claud J., La Grande. Or.
Marah. William R.. Aurora, Or
Larson, Cheater, Salem. Or. ""
Wounded, decree undetermined (previously
reported minting)
Boyd. Iaurei F., Wallowa, Or.
In hospital (prevloualr reported missing)
Keller, i ranlc N., Lebanon, Or.
WA8HICTO.
Died of mindt
Cheauer, L. e.. Wilson, "Waih.
Ulc4 of dlaeaae
Burns, John, Kingston. Wash.
Wounded severely
McCart, Ben C. Tacoma. Waih.
Walsh. William R-. Toppenlah. Waih.
Wounded, undetermined (previously re
ported rn lifting; .
Alsquaard. Millie Milton. Wash.
In hospital, previously reported tulsalng-
Klrstein, Albert, Startup, Wuh.
IDAHO.
Died of accident
Firth, T. H., Firth, Idaho.
ALAJItlU.
Died of wonnds
Wilson, Mode, Tenr.llle. Ala.
l-ewia. J. B., Ptnedale. An.
Wohl. Isaac B., Decatur, Ala.
Died of disease
Hayea, T. l (Sgt.. Mooresville, Ala.
Gillie. W. C Andalusia. Ala.
Uminack, w. G., Muscadine, Ala.
Died of disease
ARKANSAS.
Died of woosdt
Holllngsworth. cheater. Mineral, Ark.
Died of disease
Strickland. Hardy. Sherrlll. Ark.
Folks, J. TT.. Ward. Ark.
Faulkner. T. C, Denton. Ark.
Depew, C. W.. Marmaduke, Ark.
Mills. E. H.. Gentry, Ark.
' California.
Killed In action
Holywood. 1 B. (Cpl.), Alameda. Cal.
Dietr of wounds
Travis. F. A, Mill Valley. Cat.
Ortlx, M. M. A., Los Angeles, Cal.
Bare, M. S.. Lot Anseles, Cat.
Died of diMSM
Storrs. James. Happy Camp. Cal.
Harbach, E. J.. Riverside," Cal.
Soper. C. C. Orovllle. Cal.
Miller. Sylvester. Orovllle, Cat.
Adklns. A. D.. Ban Pablo. Cal.
Sanders, Kemi, Daly City. Cat,
COLORADO.
Died of accident
Hall. R. L... La Junta. Colo.
Died of disease
Mlnnis, J. C, Grand Junction, Cole.
Dozell, G. S . Akron. Colo.
Coyle, W. A., Bear River. Colo.
CONS ECTICCT.
Died of wounds
Johnson, A. G. (Cpl.), Washington. Conn.
GiedeL, Adolph, New Britain, Conn.
FLORIDA.
Died of Disease
Turner. Itj.il. Jacksonville. FIs.
Peoples, Charles, Pensacola. Fla,
GEORGIA.
Killed la action
Wooler. Bivom L.t.. Atlanta. Gat
Williajita. T. C. Tiinaold. Ca. r
Mat his. Fred. Sandcravllle, Ga.
Dim. of disease
Christian. C. K. Chap.), Cornelia, Ga.
Coley, Freeman. Scotts, Ga.
Hrlnson, Joe. Louisville. Ga,
Hunter. Press. l.eah. Ga. "
Hines. Capus. Sorton. Ga.
Grlndle. W. J., Dahlonga. Ga,
Davia, Joseph. Brtnnon. Ga.
Thomas. J. W., Blueiidge. Ga.
ILLINOIS.
Killed la nrtloa
Lennmark. R. C, Chicago. III.
Died of accident
Kotava, Frank. Christopher. 111.
Died of wonndo
Reding. IS. K., Kvanston. 111.
North. Lome. Chicago. 111.
Banks. Klmer. Chesterfield. III.
Died of disease
Rusrhman, H. H. (Set.). Downers Grove, I1L
Klelnpaste. Albert Sgt. . Chicago.
Klems. R. F. (Cpl.), Chicago.
Richards. W. A. (Cpl.). Murphyaboro, nt.
Anderson, C I... Litchfield. III.
(Concluded on Page P. Column
BLOCKING TRAFFIC
VOTED TO
RELIEVE SOLDIERS
t
Bill Passes Both Houses
in Record Time. -
COMMISSION TO HANDLE FUND
Senator Wood Only Member to
Vote Against Measure.
ACT SIGNED BY GOVERNOR
Both IIouscs Pass Resolution Call
ing for Immediate Work on
Pacific Highway.
BOTH noi'SF.9 OK LEGISLATURE
ADJOURN UNTIL. IO O'CLOCK
MONDAY MORNIXG.
STATE CAPITOL Salem, Jan.
16. (Special.) Both houses of
the Legislature, under a concur
rent resolution, adjourned this
afternoon to meet at 10 o"clock
Monday morning'.
Most of the legislators left for
Tortland or their homes tonigl)t.
although a few will remain over
in Salem until Monday.
STATE CAriTOU Salem, Jan. 15.
(Special.) The Oregon Legislature
passed Its first bill today in double
time, creating a Soldiers and Sailors'
Commission for the relief of returning
soldiers, appropriating $100,000 for that
purpose, and doing It all between con
venlng in the morning and adjourning
in the afternoon.
The Governor's signature was af
fixed to the bill shortly after 6 o'clock
and the executive announced the fol
lowing personnel of the new commis
sion, which will have charge of the
Disbursement of the funds provided;
Senator 'Wood Dissents.
William B. Aver, chairman: John It
Durjrard. Harry Andersor. James A
Cranston and Judge John IC. Stevenson,
all of Portland.
The measure went through both
houses, meeting with only one dissent
ing vote, this being cast by Senator
Wood, of Washington County.
As it passed the House in the morn
Ing the bill carried provision for an
appropriation of tCEO.000. but this was
pruned to $100,000 by the Senate ways
and means committee on ' the ground
that such a sum would be sufficient
to cope with present emergencies, and
that if more Is needed it will be pro
vided before the Legislature adjourns.
Dill Already Operative.
The commission created under the bill
is given power to give euch relief to
IConrluded on Page J. CQiumn 1.)
100
!
j
PARADERS COWED BY
POLICE AT SEATTLE
WORKERS SING I. W. W. SONGS
IX BUSINESS DISTRICT.
Let's Go to Police Station,' Jrj
Leaders as Mounted Offi
cers Ttcach Scene.
SEATTLE. Wash., Jan. 16. Approxi
mately 600 workers, leaving an open
air mass meeting and starting a parade
hrough the city's business district
inglng I. W. W. songs, were dispersed
early tonight by 20 mounted police of
ficers, supported by five automobiles
containing police armed with carbines,
and behind these a platoon of police
with clubs.
Th paraders marched down Third
avenue to Tesler Way. where, accord
ing to witnesses. It was said its leaders
raised the cry of "Let's go for the po-
Ice station." Hardly had the parade
turned into Yesler Way when the po
lice, who had been fully aware of their
movements, appeared.
Most of the persons in the crowd
oroivo ana nca. inrougn the crouDS
remaining the mounted officers rode
back and forth, and later kept a patrol
of the streets in the vicinity.
-oi a snot naa Deen fired nor was
there any violence report.
The preparations of the police evi
dently cowed the marchers, as it sur
prised them.
The parade followed an open air
meeting under sanction or the Metal
Trades Council and Centaal Labor
Council, attended by nearly 6000 per
sons.
The meeting, addressed by a number
of workers, was quiet and orderly. A.
Wicland, chairman, read resolutions
condemning the police for stopping last
Sunday's meeting, which ended in a
riot. Kred Nelson, vice-president of the
Metal Trades cited the Federal Con
stitution to show the right of free
speech.
He also announced that next Sunday
a meeting would be held to organize a
soldiers., sailors' and workingmen's
council.
MEXICAN TOWN IS SEIZED
Revolutionary Band Reported Aetlve
Near Border.
FA BENS, Tex., Jan. IS. Guadaloupe.
opposite here, was captured and held
over night last night by a band of
armed and mounted Mexicans, reported
to be a part of General Felipe Angeles
command In the north.
('lscal guards composed the only
ned force in the garrison at the
tlnie. A house-to-house search wan
made for ammunition, arms and horses
and all were seized. Today the band
rode eastward toward Ojlnaga. A
command vof cavalry from Juarez
passed through Guadaloupe today in
pursuit of the Angeles band.
GIFT IS FRENCH PAINTING
Present to Mrs. Wilson Symbolical
of Cnlted Slates and In.
PARIS, Jan. 16. The French Marl-
time League has presented to Mrs. Wil
son a painting symbolical of the United
States and France.
The painting represents Count de
Grasse's frigates sailing for the West
in 17S1 and an American dreadnought
sailing to Europe In 1917.
ENLISTMENT BILL IS UP
Senator Chamberlain Introduces
Measure Before Senate.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. Jan. 16. Senator Chamberlain
Introduced a bill today to authorize the
resumption of voluntary enlistments in
the regular Army.
Another bill Introduced by the Sen
ator authorizes the purchase of land
for a National cemetery In Franre.
INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS
The Weather.
YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature. 53
degrees; minimum, 4:i defrreea.
TODAY'S Rain; moderate southwesterly
winds.
Koreicn.
Chaos In Hun.arjr eau-ne of alarm. Page 4.
Ex-Crown Frlnee declares he will not face
criminal trial, rart-i.
Germany now ready for reconstruction, says
government trader. Page 1.
Admiral Kolrhak proclaims early all-Russian
lection. Hage 14.
German Socialists' task to unite workers.
I'age '2.
NatlonaL
Thlrty-sls states vole for dry Cnlted States.
Page 1.
Senate votes to drop rae against Senator
1-A Kollette. Page 3.
Hunger In cities coming, says labor federa
tion orrlclal. I'age .
Reorganisation of Army will be put ever to
next Congress. Page 3.
Dotneatir.
Soviet --demanded by labor radicals. Page 1.
Forty-alx Sacramento I. W. W. convicted of
conspiracy. Page 18.
Legislative.
Senate passes antt-liolshevtlc bill. Page 10.
Legislature votes relief foroldterm. Page 1.
Majority rules to be continued at.Olympla.
Page 10.
Sports.
Walter McCredle resigns as manager of Salt
" UHa Bees. Page Ki
Pacific North west.
Paraders cowed by Seattlo police. Pago 1.
Idaho Senate split on direct primary law.
Pass 11.
Commercial and Marine.
Tonnage needed for flour transportation di
verted to other buaineaa. Page 3.
Corn' advance at Chicago checked by wheat
offerings. Page L'3.
Sharp slump In whisky stocks In Wall street.
Page 23.
Converaion of steamers Into schooners re
. ported planned. Page
Portland and Vicinity.
Receiver appointed for Pacific a. Eastern
Hal I road. Pag. 24.
Tax limitation law held too stringent.
Page 14.
Early erection of school buiMings planned.
Psge 7.
Myatlc Shrine ceremonial awaits nocialiates.
Pega-6.
Rain expected to aid in fighting influenza
cpltleauw Page II, r
3G STATES VOTE
. FOR DRY NATION
Nebraska Is State to Give
Amendment Majority.
2 OTHERS YOTE BEFORE NOON
Missouri and Wyoming Only
Little Way Behind.
WET FORCES STILL FIGHT
Questions Raided as to Efreetivo
Date and Rights of Referen
dum In Several Slates.
THIRTY-EIGHT STATES RAT
IKY AMENDMENT.
Nebraska was the 36th state to
ratify the Federal constitutional
amendment for prohibition. Be
fore noon Missouri and Wyoming
had also ratifictf. making two
mpre states than is required. Mis
sissippi was the first state to
vote for ratification, January S,
191S. The other states voted for
National- prohibition in the order
followiirg:
Mississippi Tennessee
Virginia Maine
Kentucky West Virginia
South Carolina Washington
NorthUakota California
Maryland Indiana
Montana Arkansas
Texas North Carolina
Ielaware Illinois
SouthOakota Kansas
Massachusetts Alabama
Arizona Iowa
Georgia Colorado
Louisiana Oregon
Florida NewHampshire
Michigan Utah
Ohio Nebraska
Oklahoma Missouri
Idaho Wyoming
Other states claimed by the
drys are: Connecticut, Minnesota.
Nevada. New Mexico, Rhode Is
land. Vermont, Wisconsin, with
an even chance In New York.
i
WASHINGTON. Jan. 16. Ratification
today of tho Federal constitutional
prohibition amendment made tha
United States the first great power to
take legislative action to permanently
stop the liquor traffic.
Nebraska's vote gave the necessary
affirmative three-fourths majority of
the states to make effective the amend
ment submitted by Congress in De
cember. 1917. It was followed by simi
lar action In the Legislatures of Mis
souri and Wyoming, making 38 states
in all which have approved a "dry"
America.
Tea Merc Are Coaated Oa.
Affirmative action by some of the
10 State Legislatures yet to act is pre
dicted by prohibition advocates.
Under the terms of the amendment,
the manufacture, sale and importation
of Intoxicating liquors must cease one
year after ratification, but prohibition
will be a fact in every state much
earlier because of the war measure for
bidding the manufacture and sale of al
coholic beverages after June 30 until
the demobilization of the military force
is completed. Under the war-time meas
ure exportation of liquor is permitted,
but the great stocks now held In bonded
warehouses will have to be disposed of
before the Federal amendment becomes
effective.
Dry Par One Y'ear Away.
Discussion as to whether the new
amendment becomes a part of the Con
stitution, now that 36 states have rati
fied it. or whether It becomes a part of
the basic law only when each state has
certified its action to the Secretary of
State, led today to a search for prece
dent, which showed that the only two
amendments ratified in the last half
century, providing for income taxes and
direct election of Senators, were con
sidered -effective immediately the
36th state had taken affirmative
action.
Senator Sheppard, author of the pro
hibition amendment, held that National
prohibition becomes a permanent fact
January 16. 1910. Only 14 of the
states have certmed tneir action to
the State Department.
New Proolewsa lValoeU
New problems of government are
raised by prospective stoppage of the
manufacture and sale of intoxicating
liquor as hundreds of millions of dol
lars derived from internal revenue will
have to be obtained from other sources.
Laws for enforcement of the amend
ment also will have to be passed by
Congress.
plants.
Half the Nation Already Dry.
More than half the territory of the
United States already is dry through
state action or local option elections.
Western and Southern states took the
lead in prohibition. In the West only
California and Wyoming still license
the sale of Intoxicants, and in the South
only Louisiana.
Tim remaining wet states form
belt through the Missfssippi and Ohio
valleys to New Kn gland, the states in
Only a minimum of unemployment
expected to result, as the cumulative
severity of successive restrictive measl
ures adopted since the war began alt
rady has caused many distillers an l
brewers to seek other uses for theiil
.iCoaUuacd oa lag . Co.uuu 1.x