VOL.. L.VIII. XO. 18,122.
POIITL.AIVD, OREGON, 3IONDAY, DKCE3IIJER 23, 1918.
PKICE FIVE CENTS.
WILSON LOOKED TO
AS SOLE ARBITER
Study of Conditions Follow
Week of Celebration.
FRENCH AND BRITISH AMAZED
All Sorts of Perplexing Prob
lems Confront President.
IRISH APPEAL FdR RELIEF
Executive Proceeds With Business
Without Regard for Critics
in TJ. S. Congress.
ITT LOUIS SEIBOLD.
(Copyright by the New York World. Pub
lished by Arrangement.)
PARIS. Dec. 22. (Special, by Wire
leas.) After a week of celebrations
and ceremonies, President Wilson is
settling down to the business In hand,
that of familiarizing himijlf with con
ditions. L.. has already conferred with
'President Poincare, Premier Clemen
ceau, ex-Premier Briand, Premier Son
nino, of Italy, and the Iltallan T-ing.
Other members of the American dele
gation whose personality scarcely at
tracts any public attention, are holding
taily conferences under President Wil
eon'a direction with representatives of
entailer powers having claims to pre
sent to the peace conference. Among
these are Serbian Minister Varnanitch,
"President Hararyk, of the Czecho
Slavo Independents, and Polish emis
saries. President la Sole A. biter.
As a result of these conferences Pres
ident Wilson has a pretty fair concep
tion of some of the most disturbing
problems confronting the peace confer-
ence, though generally they are not the
most important ones.
By common consent the leading men
have temporarily set aside more con
sideration of the major issues the
League-of Nations and the freedom of
the seas, with their collateral features.
The President finds himself in the role
cf sole arbiter, voluntarily selected by
the leaders, for the new and independ
ent states, some of which involve di
rect National issues with th European
allies of America.
During the last few days the odd
spectacle has been provided of the na
tions close to the fringe of civilization,
appealing to the former college profes
sor for justice for their National and
racial claims.
Home Rale Problem Loomi.
The Shereef of Mecca, an Arab, has
arrived with a picturesque suite to ap
peal to the democratic President to
. bring about a satfsfactory adjustment
of the disputes with England and
France concerning the creation of the
new pan-Arab state, to be known as
the Kingdom of Hadjes.
The Irish propagandists are begin
ning to exert pressure upon President
Wilson to use his admittedly great
prestige in bringing about a settlement
of the home rule problem. These Irish
leaders here in force express complete
confidence that the President will indi
cate to the English leaders the whole
hearted sympathy of the American
people with their aspirations. Indeed,
their belief amounts to the conviction
that President Wilson will take up
their fight, and is apparently based
upon the alleged definite assurance
from Washington that he declared his
Intention to doi sc.
Disturbing. Situations Arise.
Elements in the Slavic constituencies
are appealing to him for intercession
in the disturbing features of the Ser
bian attempt to bring the irreconcilable
obstructionists to accept the plan for
the 15,000.000 Slavic Union. i
The. Italian attitude, provoked by the
1 disinclination to admit the proposed
union to share the Adriatic Sea. is
causing some concern.
All of these things are dally reflected
in the conferences held by Mr. Wilson
direct, or through , other members of
the commission entrusted with subordlr
nate details. Mr. Wilson has been very
patient in heeding the appeals of this
character, but has attempted to convey,
diplomatically, the suggestion to the
supplicants that such appeals should be
addressed not to him as an individual
but to the full peace conference through
accredited delegates.
French and British Amased.
The President's faculty of graspin
details and his tolerance in hearing the
applications are proving, amazing to
both French and British leaders who
are intensely interested in his methods.
It is a new experience to them and they
naturally manifest great curiosity in
the manner in which he tackles such
problems.
The initiative in all the preliminar
ies for the peace gathering is being left
to President Wilson. He is the only man
upon whom the eyes of the leaders of
every European nation are now focused.
His fellow delegates are working along
subordinate lines, organizing the com
plete machinery for the conference.
The French view of the American
delegation is very unique, permitting
no doubt in the French mind that it is
a one-man affair. The leading French
statesmen could not remember the
names of the other commissioners, ex
cept that of Colonel House., or .the
number. Yet, the other commissioners
are doing good work in reducing to a
definite status the American machinery
(Concluded on Page 3, Column 3.)
TOTAL SLAIN IN WAR
. ABOVE SIX MILLIONS
GERMANY'S LOSS IS ESTIMATED
AT 2,000,000.
Russia Is Second, With 1,700,000
Killed France's Dead Is
. Placed at 1,400,000.
COPENHAGEN, Dec 22. (By the As
sociated Press.) Russia's war casual
ties total 9,150,000 men, according to a
telegram received here today from
Pctrograd. Of this number 1,700,000
were killed.
The disabled men number 1.400,000
while 3t500.000 other soldiers were
wounded. The Russians taken pris
oner total 2,SOO,000.
Estimates of the Russian casualties
In the war made last week by the Rus
sian information bureau director, A. 3.
Sack, in New York, figured the total
at "not less than 8,000,000 men, of whom
3,000,000 were killed and about 1,000.
000 disabled for life."
Figures compiled by the Cologne Ga
zette and published November 25 placed
the total German casualties at . more
than 6,000,000. Of this number it was
estimated that about 2,000,000 were
killed.
The French soldiers killed in the war.
according to a statement in the French
Chamber of Deputies on December 20,
by Lucien Vollin, a Socialist Deputy,
number 1,400,000.
Italy lost 500,000 men in killed or
dead of wounds. A statement to this
effect was made in Paris, December 21,
by Salvatore Barzilai. a former member
of the Italian Cabinet, who accompanied
King "Victor Emmanuel on his visit to
the French capital.
The British 'army official losses In
killed total 658,704.
GENEVA, Dec. 23. (By the Asso
ciated Press.) The casualties of the
Austro-Hungarian armies from the be
ginning of the war up to the end of
May, 1917, were slightly over 4,000.000,
according to official . statistics re
ceived today from Vienna. Eighteen
Generals out of 310 were killed.
AMERICANS PATROL RHINE
All Traffic on River Is Fnder Strict
v Regulation.
COBLENZ, Dec. 20. (By the Asso
ciated Press.) American marines who
began patrolling the Rhine today, con
trol river traffic from Coblenz to,
beyond Rumagen. All traffic on the
Rhine is under the regulation of an
inter-allied commission. Freight Is not
allowed to cross the river from the
west. All boats entering either end
f- the American sector must present
papers showing the destination of the
cargo and other details.
A policing system for the Rhine in
the vicinity of Coblenz and Neuwaled
has also been inaugurated, the mili
tary police using motorboats requisi
tioned from the Germans.
The marines and river patrol are un
der command of Lleutenant-Colone'i
Julian L. Dodge, of San Francisco,
Provost-Marshal of Coblenz.
SMUGGLER DEVICE CLEVER
Sack Holding Ten Quart Bottles
Worn Under Overcoat,
ASTORIA, Or.. Dec. 22. (Special.)
Laurity Andressen, a member of the
crew oi tne tank steamer Argyll, was
found guilty here yesterday on
charge of having liquor in his posses
sion and was find S50, which he paid.
Andressen, who was arrested -by cus
toms officers, had a specially con
structed sack which he wore under
his overcoat.
The sack had a separate compart
ment for each quart bottle and accom
modated 10. When wearing this ar
rangement the bottles hung below his
hips in such a way that they did not
bulge beyond the usual line of his
overcoat and a hasty Inspection by the
officials would ordinarily miss the
whisky.
SEA CHEATED OF VICTIM
Woman Resuscitated 9 Ja Boars
After Apparent Drowning-.
GUERNEV1LLE, Cal.. Dec. 22. Nine
and a half hours after being over
whelmed by a breaker yesterday on the
beach below here and carried out to I
sea, the apparently lifeless body of!
Miss Lucille Armstroff, a teacher, was I
found on the shore at Jenner, a nearby
village.
An aged man, known locally only as
"Filipino Joe," insisted there was life in J
the body, and after several hours' work.
disregarding repeated remonstrances,
resuscitated the young woman.
Physicians say she will recover fully.
CHARLES SCHWAB BOOMED
Steel Operator. Presidential Choice
of Chicago Machinery Club.
CHICAGO. Dec 22 Choice of
Charles" M. Schwab for next President I
of the United States, was voiced at a I
banquet given by the Chicago Machin
ery Club to 750 plant superintendents
and other representatives of 750 ma
chinery construction and metal work
ing concerns. .
Partisanship was not mentioned.
MASARYCK ENTERS PRAGUE
New Executive of Czecho-Slovaltla atl
Bohemian Capital.
PARIS. Dec 21. (Havas.) Profes
sor Thomas G. Masaryck. the president I
of the newly formed republic ofl
Czecho-Slovakia. has made his solemn
entry into Prague, according to ad
vices received here today from that
city.
ECKHART RECALL
STIRS IIP MEXICO
Foremost Bulwark of Kais
erism Is Removed.
BETTER FEELING TO PREVAIL
Death Blow Dealt Anti-American
Propaganda.
FAKE NEWS ACKNOWLEDGED
Irritation - and Distrust -of United
States Brought About by
German Minister.
BY ROBERT H. MURRAY.
(Copyright by. the New York World. . Pub
lished by arrangement.)
MEXICO CITY. Dec. 22. (Special.)
A profound sensation has been caused
by the announcement of the recall by
Berlin of the German Minister, to Mex
ico, Heinrich von Eckhardt. the fore
most bulwark of Katserism in Mexico,
and It is regarded as a death blow to
anti-American propaganda and a fore
runner of the dismissal from their posts
of all German consular officials who
have freely used their official position
during the war to foment ill-feeling
among Mexicans agalnat the United
States.
With the downfall of Von Eckhardt
crumbles the huge propaganda organ
ization created ander his direction in
Mexico after the United States entered
the war and which included a score of
subsidized newspapers and an elabo
rate mechanism for -distributing a
"fake" telegraph news senin. k-:
cated in the offices of the German in-
lormation bureau in Mexico City.
PrcpiKutla Ordered siopm-a.
Instructions have been sent from
Berlin through the Swiss Legation and
the Mexican Embassy in Washington'
to Dr. Arthur von Magnus, of the Ger
man Legation here, to
immediately all propaganda. If they
are complied with It is Inevitable
that virtually all the German news
papers wlir cease publlcayouj. as their
i" impossible without the
financial aid which Von Eckhirdi v.. a
been giving them.
For several yeare Von Eckhardt has
been financing - his propaganda with
forced loans obtained from wealthy
members of the German colony, with
whom the Minister would pledge Ger
man government notes in exchange for
Mexican money. The total of these
loans amounted to at least $1,000,000.
The lenders are greatly disturbed at
the prospect that whatever permanent
government is set up will repudiate
Von Eckhardt's obligations. When the
Minister recently sought to borrow ad
ditional sums from his countrymen
here, they refused flatly to lend.
Among the government officials who
(Concluded on Page 4. Column 3.)
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Official Casualty List.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 22. Casualties
reported today total 238E, classi
fied as follows:'
- Killed in action, 64; wounded se
verely. 680; wounded (degree undeter
mined). 543; Wounded slightly. 1108.
Following is the tabulated summary:
Deaths Reported. Today. Total
Killed in action 26,043 54 4a.U7
I .oct at saa 3i 3t
Died of wound! 10.4U7 10.4H7
Died of dlKue 1.1. IU4 13.644
Died of accident 2.108 2.1 OS
Tota! deaths S5.SB2 R4 65.04
Wounded 103.38H 2.331 103.700
Miasms and priaoners4 17,ltjS 17.10S
Total casualties.... 170.129 2.SS5 178,614
OBEGOX.
Killed In artlon
Moenkbouse, Ernest, La Grande, Or.
Jones, Aubrey P., Salem, Or.
Wounded severely
Foster, Frank H.. fossil. Or.
Flmonsen. Simon A., Rlverton. Or.
Fay. Clarence K . McMlnnvllle. Or.
Wounded silently
Rieger, JUo A., Portland, Or.
WASHINGTON.
Killed in notion 4
Reynolds. Ward A.. Seattle. Wajih.
Lury. Ralph r, Washtucna, Wash.
Woondeil severely
Paches. Athanaslos. Seattle. Wash.
Anderson. Henlamln, Seattle, Wash.
Hanchez. Salustaino R.. Kaston. Wash.
Nicola. Ravfield J., Enumclaw, Wash.
Manley. James. Renton, Wash.
Woounded undetermined
Rchudtler, Marshall (Capt.), Taklraa, Wash.
Watson. Hay P.. Pomeroy. Wash.
Shaw. Dal- V.. Tacorna. Wash.
Klenlon, Km II J.. Seattle. Wash.
Isltt. Louis E.. Walla Walla. Wash.
Wounded slightly
Mortensen. Martus C:, Seattle. Waah.
Nelson. Vernon V., Galvln. Wash.
Lund. Martin, Kaat Stanwood. Wash.
Thompson, c E., Rltzvllle, Wash.
''- IDAHO.
Woanded severely
Ulrtch. Vernon F., Cedar Falls. Idaho.
Boka, George. Thlton. Idaho.
Wounded undetermined -
Schinxel. Leo A.. Post Falls. Idaho.
Osmer. Leon D., Kc Maryes. Idaho.
Wounded slightly
Knoj!ln. Loyal C. tCpl.). Pocatello. Idaho.
Rennaker. Charles R.. Goldsberg. Idaho.
Morrow. Robert E.. Silver City, Idaho.
Morrison, James. Cataldo, Idaho.
ALABAMA.
Killen In action
Roberts. Ivle, Hopewell. Ala.
. CALltOKXIA.
Killed IC action
Woods, Robert l-. Los Ar.geles. Cal.
CONNECTICUT.
Killed In action
Cupust, August John, 3umslde. Conn.
ILLINOIS.
Killed In notion
Poths. Harry p.. Amber. 111.
Baburek, Charles, Chicago, III.
IOWA.
Killed In notion
Skablll. Aloysls F.. Dubuque, la,
KANSAS.
Killed In action
Benson, Walter W., Wetmore, Kan.
KENTUCKY.
Killed In action
Wells. Anderson C. Cpl.). Balkans, Ky.
MA INK.
Killed In notion
Sedlowski. John. Rumpel!. Me.
MARYLAND.
Killed In action
Younkin, John A.. Grantsvllle, Md.
HAsSACHLbETTS.
Killed In action
Fuller. Ben W. Lt.). East Milton. Mass.
Mahoney. Cornelius J-. Jamaica Plains. Mass.
Gouger. Patrick A.. r.ociu Auams, Maac...
MICHIGAN.
Killed In notion
Ward. William B.. E. Grand Rapids. Mich.
McLentlck. v.. w. JacKson. Mich.
Laslnskt. Michael J.. Broiwon Branch. Mich.
MINNESOTA.
Killed In aotlou
Sweet. Raymond C Waseca. Minn.
Nomelanu. Jim Crygla. Minn.
Christoffersen. Thomas H., Morris. Minn.
MISSISSIPPI.
Killed In notion
Nations. Walter I.. PIttsboro, Miss.
MISSOCKL
Killed In notion
Roedlger. William Edward, St. Louts. Mo.
Pierce. Henry Harrison. Lexington, Mo.
Norton, Gust Anthony. Silea. Mo.
Graves. Arthur T.. Quitman. Mo.
MONTANA,
Killed In action
Rising, Joseph. Columbia Falls, Mont.
NEW YORK.
Killed In notion
Zallewskl. John, Buffalo. N. T.
(Concluded on Page 4. Column l.
FLYING IIIGH, BUT HE'S DELIVERING TIIE GOODS
eeeeaaesesesseaaaeseeaeasee.a.esseaeeeo.o.aaaassaaeeaasssessasaeai I
RUSSIAN SITUATION
BEING CONSIDERED
President's London Visit
May Bring Decision.
ALARMIST REPORTS SPREAD
Kuban Government Maintain
ing Valiant Fight.
PROMPT ACTION DESIRED
Fighting Strength of the Bolshevik
Army Estimated at From 2 00,
000 to 300,000 Men.
LONDON, ifec. 21. The whole ques
tion of Russia is under serious consid
eration by the Allies. Reuter'a agency
learns from an authoritative British
source. No plan, however, has been
formulated, and nothing can be settled
definitely until there has been an op
portunity to discuss the matter with
President Wilson.
It is fully realized on all sides that
the Russian problem is one of the most
urgent and important that la to be
dealt with and it is hoped that during
President Wilson's stay in London it
may be found possible to discuss It
with, a view to prompt action.
There have been numerous alarmist
reports relative to the ln of the
Bolshevist army, but figures quoted so
far are considered exaggerations. The
actual fighting strength Is probably
not much over 200,000 or 300,000. Dis
cipline has been introduced but only
by means that are far more tyrannical
than anything under the old regime.
Provisional Government Kstnblssbed.
In the Kuban district. General Alexi
effs volunteer army, which since his
death has been under the command of
General Denlklne, is, maintaining a
valiant fight against the Germans and
Bolshevlkl. A provisional government
has been set up there and numbers
among its members moderate politi
cians such "a Sergrus Saaonoff, 'former
Ambassador at London; St. Astroff and
M. Stephanoff. Social Democrat leaders,
and others Identified with that party.
Support has been given by the mod
erate Social Revolutionaries. The allies
are in touch with this government,
which possesses a thoroughly efficient
army of at least 100,000 men and a
British military mission has been sent
to inquire into the military position
there.
In the Don district Is another anti
Bolshevist government. Here General
Krasnoffs army Is operating under
the political control of M. Harlamoff. a
moderate Social Democrat. This gov
ernment is in close association with the
Kuban government and both work with
the provisional government in Crimea.
(Concluded on Page 2, Column 1.)
EX-GERMAN EMPRESS
IN GRAVE CONDITION
PAST WEEKS OF EXCITEMENT
AGGRAVATE AILMENT.
Former Emperor, Suffering' From
Ear Trouble, Leaves Bed First
Time In Several Days.
COPENHAGEN. Dec 22. The Frank
fort Zcitung. a copy of which has been
received here, says the former German
Empress will hardly live to see the
New Year. Her ailment, heart disease,
has grown considerably worse during
the past exciting weeks. Previously
for several months she had suffered
from the effects of a stroke of apo
plexy. The condition of the former Empress,
the newspaper adds, has had a serious
effect on her husband, who is seri
ously ill. It is feared that his ear
trouble will spread to the brain. His
nervous condition is bad.
A dispatch from Amerongen, Holland,
last Friday said former Emperor. Will
iam was able to walk about the castle
grounds that day, after having been
confined to bed for several days. The
dispatch added that he appeared to
have recovered from his chill and that
it was understood his ear trouble had
been greatly alleviated.
WILSON TO BE SURPRISED
Army Plans Christmas Tree and
Gifts of Trophies for President.
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY OF
OCCUPATION, Dec. 21. (By the Asso
ciated Press.) Here is a guarded Army
secret concerning the President of the
United States for publication in the
United States but not in France. The
story has been passed by the Army cen
sor and concerns the welcome that is
being arranged for President Wilson at
Christmastide. '
The Army is arranging for President
and Mrs. Wilson a Christmas tree as a
surprise and also the most gorgeous
collection of German souvenirs yet
gathered by the American Army of oc
cupation. The souvenirs Include officers' gold
and steel helmets, anti-tank gun shells,
swords, iron crosses and the like.
PERSHING IN RHINELAND
Few Know of Visit of American Com
mander to District.
AMERICAN ARMY OF OCCUPATION.
Dec 21. (By the Associated PreM.)
General John J. Pershing made his first
visit to the Rhlneland today. He ar
rived in a private car which was parked
at the edge of town. It is doubtful If
1 per cent of the inhabitants of the
place knew that the commar.der-ln-chlcf
of the American forces was in
their midst.
With the exception of General Dick
man, commander of the Army of oc
cupation, not even the officers at the
headquarters of the Third Army were
aware of General Pershing's presence.
AERIAL MAIL POUCH LOST
Packet, Dropped by Military Aviator,
Sought In Portland.
A packet of mall, the first to be car
ried by airplane between California ar 1
the Northwc . is somewhere in Port
land, and the postal authorities are
seeking to recover it.
The packet rs dropped by Lleu-
I tenant Hogland. the military aviator,
who recently passed over Portland In
making his round trip between Mather
Field. Sacramento. Cal.. and Seattle.
' Tha city was obscured ty a fog when
the filer passed over -end he was forced
to d-op the miniature mail sack at
random.
INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS
The Weather.
TESTKRDAT'S Maximum temperature. 40
degrees; minimum, S3 degrees.
TODAY'S Fair; continued cold; light north
easterly winds.
War.
Official casualty list. Page L
Ferrlgn.
I Allies are considering Russian problems.
Page 1.
Ex-German Empress In grave condition.
I'aga 1.
President looked to as sole arbiter. Page 1.
High casualty average speaka for American
soldiers' valor. Fage 1.
i Total killed In war estimated mora than
6,000.000. Page 1.
Von Rckhardt's recall sensation In Mexico.
Page 1.
IGreat London gathering to welcome President
assured. 1'age 3.
Partlea combine to fight off anarchy. Page S.
entente powers asked to restore order In
Russia. Page 4.
President Wilson incarnation of hope for
ra-ance. i'aga .
National.
Walter Hlnes Page, former Ambassador to
Great tfritatn. cues, j'age 3.
National bank resources touch new high
mark. 1'age o.
Domestic
Plane expedition to explore Arctic. Page 2.
Casualties laid to lack of equipment. Page 0.
Sports.
J. B. Troh wlna Gun Club liberty shoot.
face is.
191S uneventful year for pugilists. Page 12.
Portland and Vicinity.
Corporal Jardln second victim of police pa.
.roi crun. rgg AO.
Food restrlctlona are to be discarded today.
fait iu.
Oregon soldier take part In Inaugural pa
I rade in London. Page 11.
Germany presents sublime spectacle of hour.
oeciarea ittv. jonn n. Hoyd. I'age 3.
Santa Claus works Sunday to prepare
unrisimMs cneer. fage IV.
William Keough, "holiday swindler," caught.
Page 13-
Foundatlon company negotiates for $100.-
contract wun trance. Page o.
Red Cross workers make final appeal.
'satoer rtport, data and forecast. Page 13.
CASUALTIES SPEAK
FDR YANKEE VALOR
Average Far Above That of
Allied Armies.
ARGONNE DRIYE YET MYSTERY
America's Advance There One
of War's Miracles.
PRICE PAID FOR RESULTS
When Call Comes Cncle Sam's Bojs
Go, Regardless of Unknown
Terrors Lying Ahead.
TWENTV-FTRST LETTF.R,
BT EDGAR B. PIPER.
FARIS, France, Nov. 7. (Editorial
Correspondence.) The Impressions of
a visitor to Paris who has seen Faris
silhouetted In fractional part through
a hospital window, and has had the
French army and the French people in
terpreted to him from the lips of
wounded American soldiers, are neces
sarily casual and hasty. There wae a
later journey, to be sure, about town,
to get the high-lights of Paris, but for
the most part the etay there was an
affair of side-lights.
The French soldier Is a puzzle to the
American man of action. He Is voluble,
friendly, emotional, sentimental, noisy."
courageous, efficient, and withal. In the
American view, prudent to the line of
dilatorlnecs. He has learned some
thing a good deal, indeed in four
years of warfare. He counts the cost,
and if he is wlllincr to pay It, he goes
ahead; if not, he does not go ahead.
Amerlran Blame Somebody.
The American blesse. with a shot In
his le- or a fragment of shell In his
stomach, is likely to have vivid recol
lections of how It happened and defi
nite notions of how It mitrht have been
avoided. He in prone to blame some
body besides himse: though 1 may
have been rash or icnorant, and have
"got his" where a more experienceiV
soldier, particularly a "pollu." would
have emerged with a whole skin, and
an unimpaired disposition.
There Is testimony to the effect that
the American casualties are jtifrt twice
as hiph as the avrape in the allied
armies. The present witness heard a
British General say so. But. without
reflection on the valor or capacity of
any allied army, it may well be asked
If any of them, without being willing
to pay the price the American Army
paid, could have got as far as Ceneral
Perslikig's men did, or accomplished as
much?
Arsronur Drive Fierce One.
The casualties In the St. Mlhlel sa
lient were li?ht. In a movement lasting
but little over a day some 6000 or 7000.
But In the Argonne drive they were
tremendous. There were 500.000 to
700.000 Americans in that magnificent
march toward I'.erlln. It began on Sep
tember 26. and reached a height of
fierce and deadly intensity In the early
days of October, diminishing gradually
until the capture of Sedan Just before
the Greatest Day November 11. It' 1
said that the numbers of killed,
wounded and missing In the Argonne
will exceed 150.000. perhaps by many
thousand. Unquestionably the largest
part of. American casualties in the war
occurred In the Argonne, and most of
them were infljcted in the first two
weeks. It was largely by machine
guns.
The American learned in the Ar
gonne to have a wholesome respect for
Fritx and his machine-guns, and also
for the German sharpshooter. But
Fritz did not stop him never. The
way the American boy went ahead In
the face of unknown and unnamed ter
rors, probably to certain death. Is both
a miracle and a mystery. If you take
a given number of men of any nation
ality, ircluding your American, you
may be sure that among them will be
some who have a contempt, for danger
and others who are timid and perhaps
afraid of it. The man with steady
nerves, not to be shaken by ordinary
risks: or even by known perllg is
likely to hold back against the un
traveled and untried. Yet the univer
sal report is that when the call came to
go, all went, and many, very many,
never came back.
. Doyn Prove Real Soldiers.
The Amerlpan In America, whom you
see every day, with his books on his
back, bound for school, or driving the
plow in the field, or selling neckties
In the store, or pounding a bar of steel
in the shop, or studying or practicing
law or medicine or theology all alike
were transformed into trusted and
trustworthy soldiers of a cause, and
they acquitted themselves as soldiers.
What is it that gave these boys hifih
resolve, a real nobility and exaltation
of spirit, a willingness to do and to
die? Let anyone answer. It is certain
that they had it, and have it now. They
are going home soon with their laurels
and with a new light in their eyes, a
new fire In their souls. They have
done their duty and they know It. and
America knows It. They are to give a
new Impetus to American life and
thought, and possibly, a new direction
to American ways.
The American soldier likes the
French people, and they like him. He
gets along with them quite as well as
with the English or the Canadians or
the Australians, or perhaps even bet
ter. Thi- fart that the latter are mem
tCvucluUvd on l'age U. Co.uuia