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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 18, 1918)
PORTLAND, OREGON, MONDAY, NOVE3IBER 18. 1918. PRICE FIVE CENTS. VOL. LVIII. XO. 18,092. CITIZENS MUST NOT WILSON GOING ABROAD, WASHINGTON BELIEVES PRESIDENT APPARENTLY UN DECIDED AS TO COURSE. I' S WED HUES WINSTON-SALEM, N. C. SCENE OF RACE RIOT Gl'ARD ORDERED OUT TO QCELL - DISTURBANCE. NATION ASKED TO FAIL, SAYS GOVERNOR MORE EXEKGY NEEDED IX WAR r E TO E PUTS END TO WORK CAMPAIGN. HUMGRY HUWS RUSH MASH MARCH RHIN VOICE GRATITUD IN PANIC FOR HOI ID Belgian Forces Already Occupy Antwerp. RUSSELS TO BE FREE TODAY eneral Pershing's Forces . Move Forward. RECAUTIONS ARE TAKEN Imall Units Are Advance Guards, Engineers Following, Keeping Watch for Mines. PAHI5. Xnv. 17 Fnwk traona nave rap!? Malaaaaea, Sedan. GraveloMe. fort aoath of Meta. Maaater and lltklrra. areordlag to the Freaek at- trial coatmaalcacioa issned this eve- PARIS. Not. 17. (S:53 P. M.) The nerlcan Third Army has been desig ned as the Army of occupation." It .11 be under the immediate direction General Pershing, the Commander- I -Chief, who will be In command of e American positions in occupied ter- ;ories. The Third Army will consist of the rst. Second, Third. Fourth, Fifth, 26th. J. 42d, 89th and 90th divisions, which. vlded among; the Third and Fourth lrps. will consist for the present of out a quarter of a million men. It I ill be commanded by Major-General ckman. by I'ae Associated Press.) WITH THE ALLIED ARMIES IN RANCE AND BELGIUM. Nov. 17. j lie allied armies nave Degun meir arch toward Germany. The Belgian : rces have already occupied Antwerp, hich was evacuated by the enemy on Iriday and immediately taken over. Irussels was expected to be free of lerman soldiers today. WITH THE AMERICAN" ARMT IN IRANCIT. Nor. IT. TTtJt A." W.) Gen ii Pershing's forces moved forward irly today In territory Just abandoned the German troops. On the old line itween Monson and Thiaucourt. lying on the region of Sedan to the south Metz, the troops had been stationed await orders for the advance, and 5:30 o'clock this morning the patrols arched out. not in line of battle, but columns along the high roads, which :e only slightly Impaired. Advaace Uaarda Small lalta. The first steps of the Americans into lions so lately controlled by Ger- any were not spectacular. The men ere keyed up and keen for the new venture, but as on the day of the tuning of the armistice there were mparatively no demonstrative mani- i-stations of their enthusiasm. Many of the men had been newly unl- rnird. and all of them were "polished" though for inspection. The men Ippeared eager for the word to go for- ard. The relatively small units that are hoving forward as advance guards ere sent to the line before daylight. tie night had been cold and the mud tiat yet marks the roads was slightly rozen. The men shivered as they rest- ll by the roadside. m Hostilities .t Kipcrtrd. When the command finally was given -r the advance the elements who were push forward. In some cases miles I part on the long line between the ex- l-eme left and right, moved off into I ie mists that appear always to shroud Ills part of the country and disap rared. For the first time since the Ameri- Iins had been ordered to advance Into nemy-held territory there was assur- Ince that they would encounter no hos- ;llty. The intelligence department. hich has never ceased to function, had ..curately reported that the Germans ere carrying out their agreement of Ivacuation. No Chanrea Are Takea. No chances were taken, however. The Ingineera were the second unit to press lorward. and they carefully began their f ork of looking out for mines and .tinted water. Every obstacle was psted before It was moved, in order to nd out If It masked explosives. For lome time the Germans have shown a Ipirit of co-operation in informing the Americans where mines were located Ind in themselves destroying them. It was some time after the engineers oved forward before the heavier col- Irnns took the roads. The entire Army Dally was moving, and moving along ie lines of peace days. But It was in lich order that It might Quickly be ransformed into battle array. Every Irigade was covered by a regiment of the heavier antillery following uose behind. The flanks of the ad- lancing column were well protected. War Still Kxlsta. It has been impressed on officers and en alike that this is an operation I rider an armistice; that war still exists nd that the possibility remains that any time It may be necessary for tiem to play their part with the same rlmness of the past year. Fraternisation not only with the Ger- han soldiers who may be found either stragglers or voluntary prisoners, lut with the civilian population, has leen sternly prohibited. Looting and Iven aouvenlr hunting also have been roiaaen tne Americana, it nas been! I ;alnly impressed upon the men that tCoacluded on Pais 2, Column l.) t?ve Persons Killed and Scores In jured When Mob Storms Jail for Negro. RALEIGH, X. C, Nov. 17. Governor Biekett tonight arranged with the military authorities at Camp Polk, near thia elty. to send S3 membera of a task battalloa to Wlaatoa-Salrm to aaalat la aarlllng the riot la that elty. WINSTON-SALEM. N. C. Nov. 17. At least five persons, a girl spectator, a city fireman and three negroes, are known to have been killed and probably a score of others Injured, several seri ously. In a riot here tonight which re sulted from the efforts of a mob of sev eral thousand men to storm the city Jail and lynch a negro accused of shoot ing J. E. Childress and Sheriff Flint and attacking Mrs. Childress last night. Tonight firing still was going on In different parts of the city. ' the mob finally having broken into small groups. Efforts of the home- guard and the police to restore order were unavailing even at that time ind Gov ernor Beckett was asked to intervene. He ordered home guards here from Greensboro and arranged to have a company of reciilar soldiers Bent from Camp Polk. neJf Raleigh. The known dead are Rachael Levi, a bystander, shot through the lungs, and ! . ,. . ' Robert Young, fireman, -ho was shot. The total number of injured was not known. The mob first formed this aft ernoon and stormed the Jail. Three shots were fired and three negroes, ac cused of shooting the two men and at tacking Mrs. Childress, were seriously wounded. A white prisoner also was hit in the arm by a bullet. t . The police cleared the crowd out of the building and the Mayor called out the Home Guards. Quiet prevailed for a time, but at night the mob had re formed and started marching to the Jail, several thousand strong, after breaking open hardware stores and seizing revolvers and shotguns. The Mayor sought to address the crowd, but could not be heard. When the mob broke for the Jail firemen turned water on them, but the rioters forced their way into the prison. They did not find the negro they sought. and leaving tha Jail, they gradually dis persed. BAVARIAN JONG RESIGNS Ludwig III Renounces Throne and Frees Officers of Oaths of Orfice. . BASEL, Nov. 17. King Ludwig III, of Bavaria, has renounced his throne, according to a dispatch from Munich, and had released f.he officers and sol diers and the personnel of the govern ment from their oaths of office. The council of ministers has given to the former King and members of the royal family the freedom of the, country as long as they undertake no steps which might endanger the existence of the state. Dispatches on November 8 declared that a republic had been declared in Bavaria and that the Wittelsbach dy nasty had been deposed by the diet. FIELD MARSHAL AT CASSEL Von Ilihdenburg Welcomed by Rep resentative of Municipality. LONDON. Nov. 17. Field' Marshal von Hindenburg arrived at Cassel on Thursday, where he has taken up resi dence in a hotel, according to a wire less dispatch received here from Ber lin. He was met at the railway station by one representative of the soldiers' and workmen's council and one repre sentative of the municipality. BRITISH STEAMER SINKING Federal Liner Reported in Distress Orf Cape Race. ST. JOHNS. Nfd, Nov. 17. A radio message received here today from the British steamer Cascapedia, of the Fed eral line, said she was in a sinking condition off Cape Race. No further particulars were given. It was thought the ship was damaged in the hurricane which swept this coast the last 24 hours. VON TIRPITZ ALSO FLEES Chief Protagonist of Submarine Now in Switzerland. COPENHAGEN, Nov. 17. Admiral von Tirpitz, former minister of the German navy and the man who was chiefly responsible for Germany's in tensive submarine campaign, fled to Switzerland immediately after the rev olution in Germany broke out, says the Frankfort Gazette. ELECTIONS TO BE HELD German National Convention Plans Being Formulated. COPENHAGEN, Nov. 17. The Ger man government expects to hold elec tions for a National convention in January, says a Berlin dispatch re ceived here. Dr. Otto has been appointed Austrian foreign minister, it ia reported. HUN'SHIPS TO CARRY FOOD Great Britain Arranging to Trans port Essential to Germany. LONDON, Nov. 16. The British gov- eminent is arranging for the departure I to the United States of a number of German vessels. These ships will bring to Germany foodstuffs which the aliica will permit Germany to receive. President Issues Thanks giving Proclamatjon. PEOPLE MAY JUSTLY REJOICE Victory in War Brings Promise of New Day. . DIVINE GUIDANCE SOUGHT Help Declared Imperative in Build Ing New Structure of Peace and Good Will Among Nations. WASHINGTON. Nov. 17. President Wilson, In a proclamation today, deslg nnt,H Thursilftv. November 28. as . , , , . . ..... Thanksgiving day and said this year the American people have special and moving cause to be grateful and re Joice. Complete victory, he said, has brought not only peace, but the confi dent promise of a new day as well, in which "justice shall replace force and jealous intrigue among the nations." The proclamation follows: THANKSGIVING, 1918. By the President of the United States of America. A PROCLAMATION. "It has long been our custom to turn In the Autumn of the year In praise and thanksgiving to Almighty God for his many blessings and mercies to us as a Nation. This year we have special and moving cause to be grateful and to rejoice. God has in his good pleas ure given us peace. It has not come as a mere cessation of arms, a mere relief from the strain and tragedy of war. It has come as a great triumph of right. Complete victory has brought us, not peace alone, but the confident promise of a new day as well, in which justice shall replace force and jealous intrigue among the nations. Nation's Triumph Unstained. "Our gallant prmtes have participated in a .triumph which is not marred or stained by another purpose of selfish aggression. In a righteous cause they have won Immortal glory , and have nobly served their Nation in serving mankind. God has, indeed,' been gra cious. We have cause for such rejoic ing as revives and strengthens in us all the best traditions of our National history. A' new day shines about us, in which our hearts take new courage and look forward with new hope to new and greater duties. While we render thanks for these things, let us not forget to seek divine guidance in the performance of those duties and divine mercy and forgive ness for all errors of act or purpose. and pray that in all that we do we shall strengthen the ties of friendship1 and mutual respect upon which we must assist to build the new structure of peace and good will among nations. Wherefore, I, Woodrow Wilson, President of the Unfted States of America, do hereby designate Thurs day, the 28th day of November next (Concluded on Page 2. Column 2.) I also to hate. I (Concluded on Page 3, Column 4.) r.... ........... ................................. ..i J FLU BAN IS OFF SCHOOL BEGINS TODAY. j j . : , : : 1 PAW, paw. Htniv, jrrou I WfcK gj I f j rtS SAF TO Jkr J YOUR,0QOf I 9r'mc ! GO TOSCHOOL -XT t V."? j. TEACHER..' . ' IX t V i7Sm?lL f)SCV: TO SCHOOL. x0 i t aYM3 r-if x 0. this cuo eTT jtfk r ssr v f j tu rns Period for Finish, of Great Drive in This State Extended to Wednesday Night. SALEM. Or., Nov. 17. (Special.) Upon receipt of a telegram today from John R Mott. director of the general United War Work campaign, in which notification was carried officially that the campaign In Oregon has been ex tended to Wednesday night, the Gov ernor issued another appeal to the citizens of the state to make this one of the most wonderful dsives ever waged In the state. Mr. Mott Informs the Governor that General March has advised leaders of the campaign that he has been mis construed in his statements relative to the length of time for demobilization and "he agrees," says the telegram, "that for many months there will be a vast work for us to do on. behalf of our men overseas and that the need for such work will be greater than ever.' The Governor, in his personal appeal to Oregon citizens, declares that at no time in the past have the men In the service been in such great need of just the kind of help to' be given by the seven organizations as there will be during the period between now and the time they return to their homes. "The men will be more or less Idle millions of them and during such time the work of these organizations will show its most marvelous and benefi cial effects," he said. "By all means the time to give is now, and to give unstintedly for the welfare of every man who -has offered his life as a pos sible sacrifice to his country and to humanity. No words could be too strong to impress upon the people the great necessity for an outpouring of funds for the mighty work which is ahead for these organizations." INFLUENZA TOLL IS HUGE Deaths From Epidemic Exceed Cas ualties of Yankees In War. WASHINGTON. Nov. 17. The recent epidemic of influenza in the United States caused more deaths than oc curred among the American expedition ary forces from all causes from the time the first unit landed in France until hostilities ceased. This announce ment today by the Census Bureau was based on unofficial estimates of the total casualties among the overseas forces and reports from 46 cities having combined population of v 27,000,600, which showed 82,306 deaths from influ enza and pneumonia from September 9 to November 9. Total casualties in the American ex peditionary forces," said the announce ment, "have recently been unofficially estimated at 100,000." , GERMANS GLAD TO RETIRE Equipment Left in Fields Shows Dis position of Huns. WITH THE AMERICAN ARMY IN FRANCE, Nov. 17. (By the Associated Press.) All over the re-occupied coun- ry where the Americans have passed there is evidence of the whole-hearted- ness with which the Germans quit. Camps with temporary buildings have been lett intact. Not one was burned. Here and there have been seen great piles of helmets and gas masks which betrayed the manner in which entire companies threw away their equip ment they had learned to rely on, but also to hate. ment they had learned to rely on, but saxe-wemingen nas oeen proc.arnieq . . .. . . .:. . . .A. . . . ..WV . . . x. A Disorderly Masses Stream Toward Fatherland. COUNTRYSIDE IS PILLAGED Power of Workmen's and Sol diers' Councils Wanes. CIVIL GUARDS ARE FORMED Liberal Bourgeoise Parties Unite to Present Solid Front Against Soviets of Bolsheviki. BY ARNO DOSCH-FLUEROT. (Copyright by the Press Pub, Co., the New York World. Published by arrangement.) COPENHAGEN. Nov. 17.-r-(Special.) Friederich Ebert, Secretary of War and the Interior of the new German gov ernment, announced to the Berlin Soviet Saturday there was a panic on the German front on account of the lack of food, and that soldiers were moving in disorderly masses toward the Rhine. He was also afraid they would not get clear in the time limit fixed by the armistice. Soldiers retreating through Wirrtemburg and Baden were pillag ing. Early Action Needed. . The power of the workmen's and sol diers' councils has fallen 50 per cent in Germany in three days, and is in danger of falling even more if the executive committee fails immediate ly to state in unequivocal terms that it is willing to cede power to a consti tutional assembly. The united soldiers" councils cen tered In Berlin Friday supported the Fusileers' expression of distrust of' the executive council. They said the crea tion of the red guard showed a lack of confidence in the soldiers, and.- an nounced they would throw Dr.- Lieb knecht out of the barracks if he persist ed in hiar Bolshevist agitation. . Government Support Necessary. The Bolsheviki are sufficiently strung to keep the executive committee un certain. ' The Hamburger Fremden- blatt admits that the government needs the Soviets behind it, but warns the Soviets to support the government fully in Its democratic programme, or there will be no food from the entente. Civil councils are forming in Berlin as a rival, and volunteer soldiers are forming a civil guard. The libera bourgeoise parties are uniting to form a solid front against the Soviets. The movement against the power of the Soviets' has gone so far in Berlin that the commandatur is refusing soviet passes unless they bear the comman datur stamp.. BASEL, Nov. 17. -More of the smaller German principalities have followed the example of their larger neighbors and have taken steps toward establishin republican forms of government. Saxe-Meiningen has been proclaimed European Heads Suggest Execu tive's Presence at Opening of World Peace Conference. PARIS, Nov. 17. (Havas.) The Echo de Paris says Mrs. Wilson will come to Europe with Mr. Wilson. WASHINGTON, Nov. 17. Publication today of President Wilson's letter to Judge Alton B. Parker declining an in vitation to attend the Britain day cele bration in New York December 8 caused renewed discussion here of the question of whether the President will go to Europe for the great peace con ference that is to settle finally the is sues growing out of the war. In his-1 letter to Judge Parker the President said:, "It is my plain duty to be here, for I can act more promptly upon matters which seem to mature almost every hour, and I am sure that I can be more true to the common cause by staying here." As yet there has been no indication that the President has reached a de cision with respect to suggestions from high European heads that he at least be present for the opening of the peace conference, but there has been a grow ing feeling here for several days that he will go to Europe, though probably not as an active participant in the meeting. The general belief liere, it was said, is that the Congress cannot assemble before January, for even after the United States and the allies have com pleted their present exchanges of views and the supreme council has drawn up the programme for the meet ing, several weeks will be required for the assembling of the commissioners who are to represent the participat ing nations. " LAKEVIEW BOYS DROWN Hilliard Bailey, Son of Major, and Lane Thornton Victims. LAKEVIEW, Or., Nov. 17. (Special.) Hilliard Bailey, son of Mayor Harry Bailey, and Lane Thornton, son of A. L. mormon, were drowned last evening while fishing in Goose Lake. Ben Beall, son of Lee Beall, a member of the party, escaped in an exhausted condition and gave the alarm. The youngsters were in a boat which capsized. The bodies were recovered in shallow water three hours after the accident. IDAHO CONVICTS AT LARGE Men Scale Wall With Rope Braided From Red Cross Yarn. BOISE. Idaho, Nov. 17. Fred George alias Gruber, and Harry Hinton escaped from the Idaho Penitentiary Sunday morning by scaling a 20-foot wall with the aid of a 25-foot rope braided fro yarn furnished the inmates by the Red Cross for knitting sweaters for soldiers George is under a life sentence for murder, and Hinton a five to 15 years' sentence for robbery. They have not been captured. WHEAT SENT TO HOLLAND Steamer Adra, With 7100 Tons Ordered Discharged at Rotterdam. LONDON, Saturday, Nov. 16. In view of the measure of an agreement reached between Dutch delegates and represen tatlves of the allied governments and of the United States, and of the serious distress in Holland arising from insuf ficient food supplies, the allied food council in London has arranged to t to Rotterdam the steamer Adra with 7100 tons of wheat on board. GERMAN SHIPJS INTERNED Vessels of Baltic Fleet Expected in Swedish Waters. STOCKHOLM. Nov. 17. (By the As sociated Press.) The German armored coast defense vessel Beowulf arrived late Friday night in the Northern Stockholm archipelago. The vessel will be interned. Other vessels of the German Baltic fleet are expected to arrive in Swedish waters. INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS The Weather. TESTER DAY'S Maximum temperature. B6 degrees; minimum, 47 degrees. TODAY'S Rains; southeasterly winds. Foreign. Allied armies are on march to Rhine; Ant werp occupied. Page 1. Situation in Holland reported improved. Page 2. Ex-Kaiser enters Holland as unarmed Ger man. Page 2. Yankees' smash through Argonne Forest puta end to war. Page 1. Germans pillago in suburbs of Brussels. Page .. Editors thrilled by Britain's reserve power. Page 3. ' Shortage of food cause of panic on German front. Tago 1. National. ' . Reconstruction fight opens In Washington. Page 4. Senate may split over Norris amendment. Page 4. President asks Nation to voice gratitude for victory. Page 1. Casualty list. Pago S. Wilson going abroad, Washington Believes. i'age 1. Domestic. Guard ordered to queil race riot in Winston- Salem, N. C. Page 1. Pacific Northwest. Phone rate Increase must come regularly or not at all. says commission. Page 4. Governor appeals for more energy in United Vvar Vvorlc campaign. Page 1. "Hports. Third-quarter rally wins for soldiers. Page 10. Jun Club turkey snoot Is big event, fagc 11. Barracks noses out in 7-to-S contest. Page 10. Portland and Vicinitr. Portland near goal lu War Work drive. Page 14. Triumphant spirit speaks in all Portland churches. Page V. Oregon Republicans hold Jollification. Pago 14. Cities may operate off-shore lines. Page 0. Armory tilt shlfta to Oregon capital. Page 5. Baptists at White Temp:e give thanks for world peace. Page, ts ' 750,000 Americans Used in Argohne Battle.. 21 DIVISIONS PARTICIPATE Battle of Twenty Days Brings Germany to Her Knees. ST. MIHIEL THE BEGINNING Mont 'Mcdy-Scdan Line Germany's Life Artery, and Pershing's Boys Cut It. (By the Associated Press.) PARIS, Nov. 17. Out of the confu sion and daze of the crowding military vents on the western battle lino since late in September, when battle followed , battle until frjm Flanders to Verdun there was ceaseless action, it is now per missible to outline to a certain extent the. part played by the American Armies in the final decisive battle of the war. which ended with the armis tice of last Monday. Military reasons heretofore have pre vented accentuating the accomplish ments of the Americans, except in a most general manner. The dispatches from the field have been necessarily fragmentary and possibly were over shadowed by the acounts of the more dramatic operations over the historic battle fronts to the west. TTventy-one Divisions Participate. But it may now be stated that 21 American divisions totalling more than 750,000 American combat troops par ticipated in the action beginning Sep tember 26 and lasting 20 days, known variously as the battle of the Argonne and the battle of the Meuse, but which history may call Sedan the battle that brought Germany, to her knees, and an far aj human foresight goes, ended the world s bloodiest and costliest war. In order to understand the military situation which made the Argonne operations the crux of the war, it is necessary to go back to the reduction of the St. Mlhiel salient in the middle of September. Knemy Defensive Weakened. This brilliant American accomplish ment is still fresh in history. It cut off at one stroke a menacing enemy pro jection toward Verdun and weakened the enemy's defensive by threatening Metz, one of Germany's two greatest advance railway centers for distributing troops and supplies along the Mont Medy-Sedan line. Metz also was the pivot on which the enemy ewung through Belgium into France and, therefore, obviously it was the pivot on which his retirement must hinge. The Argonne, the next step be low here, threatened the great rail way arteries running westward from Metz. Americans Prove A'alor. With the conclusion of the St. Mlhiel action, the steady inflow of American forces caused a displacement of power as between the allied and German armies. Thus it no longer was neces sary to pursue a policy of reducing a salient or nibbling at It. The American troops had shown what they could do. A broader policy of general attack along the entire line was then adopted and the high command called on Gen eral Pershing to take the Argonne sec tor, admittedly one of the most diffi cult of the whole front. The broken terrain, the topography and the lack of roads made a problem difficult to describe. Germany had in four years fortified it to the last degree of mili tary skill, with superb roads, both rail and motor, connecting up to the rear positions and bases. i Argonne Forest Described. The outstanding feature of the Ar gonne forest is a long chain of hills running north and south, covered with dense growth of trees and under growth, making an advance difficult and offering superb defensive qualities. Virtually no roads exist in the forest except for a few passages running east and west. The soil Is such that the least rain converts it into a slippery muck. In other words, tho physical condition is such that the line of at tack for an advancing army is limited to valleys, chief among which is that of the Aire River. From the edge of the forest where the resistance was viciously strong, the enemy possessed Innumerable flanking positions. But beyond this difficult region lay the Montmedy-Sedan line. which was recently captured. A Ger man order described it as our life artery." It represented one-rilf of tho German rail su.-iply on the western front. It meant death if cut. Pershing Told to Cat Artery. The high command told Pershing to cut it. The American First Army was put in motion from St. Mihiel. In nine days it was on the Argonne lino ready for an attempt, the failure of which might mean disaster and the success of which would give untold results. This quick movement of an enormous body of men,' the establishment of a new line of supply and all the compli cated military preparations, was re garded with pride by tho American commanders. The Americans knew what con fronted them. Tney realized that this was no second St. Mihiel, but an enter prise at which other armies had balked for four years. They knew that ncre was to be fought a fight to rank with the first battle cf the Marne. with Verdun, with .tCobcluucd oa Pago 2, Culuiua 2.