If
rexroffian
PORTLAND. OREGON.
Xatarsd at Portland Oregon) Postofflca as
sscond-class mail matter.
Ksbaerlption rates Invariably la adranca:
(Br MalL)
rai!T. Sunday Included, on year rfl?
Xiaily. Sunday Included, aix months .... 4-5
.Daily, Sunday included, throe months..
Z'ajly. Sunday lnc;uded. one monta .... -
J"aliy. without Sunday, one year ...... o-W
Xai:y. without Sunday, aix months -X'aily.
without Sunday, one moatn . -"VVeekt.
one year 1-00
suttday. one year -----
feundy and weekly . . . . -su
. 1 1 r-. -4--
Ial!r. Sunday Inc.ude-i. one year J 3-00
Jaay. Sunday Included, one monta ....
3al!y, Sunday Included, three months.. -
J'aliy. without Sun!av. on year ...
Jail-. without Sunlav. three months... 1-95
2)aliy. without bunday. on month ..... -w
How to Remit Send postofflca money er
eler. express or personal check on your local
!&-. bumps, coin or currency are at own
er's risk. Give postofflra address la full, la
cladla county and state.
reatuo Rate 12 to 18 paces. 1 cent: IS
to 12 pases. 3 cents: 31 to 44 pages, S cents:
S ts 60 pad. 4 cents; 62 to 6 pases. S
ran: TS to t2 pages. S cents. Forelsa post
ure, double rat pa
Casters Bnsiarsa Offlro Verrea Conk
Jjn. Brunswick building. New Tork; Verre A
-nklln. Ptnter buildmr. Chicago: Verro &
onklin. )'ri Treos building, fetrolt. lllch.:
taa x'ranelaco representative. R. J. BidwelL
SfFMBKR OF THR ASSOCIATEO PRESS
Ti Aimviitfd Preaa Is exclusively enti-
t'ed to lha use for republication of all news
dispatches credited to It or rot otherwise
credited to thia papr, and alio tha local
ltl robTlshed herein.
All rights of republication of special dis
patches herein are also reserved.
TOaTLAVD. MONDAY, OCT. I. IMS,
whereby- the people's representatives
act, to be performed by Senators ex
ercising their independent Judgment
or by a party majority which merely
impresses the rubber stamp of its ap-
proval on the acts of its leader? The
whole Nation is making the war, and
the whole Nation should decide when
and how it shall end. It should regis
ter that decision through Senators
elected because they are pro-war, not
because they are pro-Administration.
The President's allusion to the im
pression which election of a Repub
lican Congress would make on the
allies is most unfortunate for his case.
Our allies know that the Republicans
have been more zealous for war and
victory than their opponents, and that
their control of Congress would fore
shadow a more determined fight on
autocracy, a firmer insistence on un
conditional surrender, than if the
Democrats remained in control. Early
in the war the allies blotted out party
lines in forming their war cabinets,
gathered in the most zealous and the
ablest men of all war parties and ex
cluded only those who opposed the
war or favored compromise. They
would find stronger assurance that the
American people would stand by them
to the end in a Republican Congress
ing year and about double the trade
of 1915. This growth was made be
fore the railroad was completed, and
furnishes -an inkling of what may be
expected with full development of
transportation. Enthusiastic Alaskans
declare that the country may become
practically self-contained, and that It
will be able to produce all Its neces
sary food, relying upon the "outside"
only for luxuries.
' GROWTH OF THE NATY.
The eyes of the .American people
are so fixed on the battles on land that
they have given little attention to
what the Navy has been doing. The
number of officers and men In the
naval service. Including marines, is
now nearly 693,000, which is more
than were In all the navies of the
world when the war bee&n. Admiral
Sims has under his command In Eu
ropean waters 250 vessels ranging
from battleships to submarine chasers
and nearly 50,000 men, or as many as
were In the entire navy when the war
began. There are 1800 . vessels in
service, or 10 times as many as two
years ago.
Expenditure for ordnance has in-
business motives. Needless jobs are
made to pay political debts or to serve
political ends. Men are judged by the
value of political, not railroad, service.
In fact, the -spoils system rules, and
that means waste. Discrimination
would prevail, both between Individual
shippers and between sections and
communities, but political instead of
business pull would decide. These in
fluences might divert traffic from its
natural channels, and might decide the
route of new roads. Railroad officials
would become politically active as they
were before progressivism drove them
from the legislative lobbies and as
postmasters now are. Politicians who
Your Boy in France.
What He la Doing; and Thinking;
About, mm Gleaned From The Stars
and Stripes, Official Newspaper of
the A. K. F.
11 description of the great clearing
house at the big camp at Blois, which
each week decides the fate of thou
sands of American soldiers, who have
been to the front and have sifted back
through the hospitals.
FARM PESTS PRESENT PROBLEM
Writer Believe There Most Be Some
Lnre for Every "Varmint."
FOUNTAIN, Wash, Oct. 24. (To the
Editor.) Just now. in looking over
The Oregonlan, I see that Mr. George
M. King undertook last Summer to rid
the city park of rodents by the use
or a preparation of his own, and that
rats are no longer found In the park.
The rat question has been dwelt
upon in public print to such an extent,
that it is not necessary to refer to its
vast importance at . this time. The
good work must go on. But how? 'Will
not Mr. King kindly let us bear from
him?
About a year ago I applied to five
AT VARIANCE WITH FACTS.
" On calm analysis the arguments
.advanced bv President Wilson for
election of a Democratic majority In
Senate and House do not square with
the facts.
Admitting that no party is "para
mount in matters of patriotism," he
yet holds It Imperative "that tho Na
tion should give its undivided support
lo the Government under a unified
leadership, and that a Republican Con
gress would divide the leadership."
The Nation, about half of which Is
Ttepubliean. has given and Is giving
"its undivided support to the Govern
ment" under the "unified leadership"
f the President. There never has
teen a time since the Civil War when
the minority in Congress has given
tiuch undivided support to a war Ad
ministration. It was not given by the
Democrats to the Republicans, either
in the Civil or Spanish war. It has
teen given so whole-heartedly by the
Republicans that, when a Democrat
balked at conscription proposed by
the Administration, a Republican, led j
in its adoption and it was carried with
the aid of Republican votes over the
opposition of Speaker Clark and Chair
man Kitchin, the two responsible
Xemocratic leaders. Billions hav
been voted without an opposing Re
publican vote. Unprecedented power
lias been given to the President with
Republican approval.
The Republicans have not sought
to divide leadership between the Pres-
ident and any other agency, or be
tween him and themselves. They have
criticised some of the existing war
making machinery, or, rather, hav
Indorsed criticisms made by members
of the President's own party, and they
have supported efforts to provide him
with more efficient machinery, but
the plans they approved would hav
placed the appointive power In the
hands of the President, the new off!
rials would have acted under his di
rectlon and would have been remov
able by him. That was the substance
of the plan for a war cabinet, which
was of Democratic, not Republican,
origin. Neither the Intent, nor the
effect, would have been "to divide
the leadership"; it was designed to
strengthen the President's "unified
leadership" and it would have had
that effect. Specific legal sanction
would have been given to substantially
the same plan as the President has
adopted In calling frequent confer
ences of war-making departments and
bureaus a procedure taken under the
sweeping general powers which he
asked and was given by the Overman
lam-.
Yet the President goes on to say
that "the leaders of the minority have
unquestionably been pro-war, but they
have been anti-Administration," be
cause they "have sought to take the
choice of policy and the conduct of
tho war out of my hands." The truth
Is that, because the Republicans are
Pro-war. they have been pro-Administration
in matters relating to success
of the war, but have reserved their
freedom to be anti-Administration on
domestic policy not relating to the
war. They have expressed their opin
ion freely on our war aims, the terms
of settlement and the peace discus
sion with Germany, for they hold that
inis is not Mr. ilson's or the Demo-
cratic party's war. but the war of the
whole of the American people, since
an. witnout regard to party, are glv
Ing their sons, their money and their
jaror. It Is for the President, as com
mander in chief, to conduct the war
under his unified leadership, but the
principles which he has proclaimed
Five the whole Nation the right to
decide for what they will fight and on
what terms they will cease fighting.
If the President would find the men
who have- been anti-Administration
on war measures, he will find many
more of them in his own than in the
Republican party. Such men are Clark,
Kitchin. Dent. Slayden and McLemore
In the House, who opposed conscrip
tion, while Kitchin has wrangled with
Secretary McAdoo about the war
rrofits tax: Reed. Core. Hardwick and
Smith in the Senate, who fought food
control.
In saying that "unity of command
Is as necessary now in civil action as
it is upon the field of battle." the
President Implies that Republicans
seek divided command, when hey do
not. He also imrjlie ts i... -
v,. mi nrmanus unity of control
",cr 'exnsiauon. though the expert
. ..,. , years nas demon
strated that it does not. He assumes
i.i-i me principal work of the new
Congress will be to enact war legisla-
.. 8 la" Pr8Pect is that it
will have little to do with the actual
prosecution of the war. and will be
unciiy occupied with Internal ..H
commercial problems growing out of
-r- J nose problems demand free
open discussion and the clash of In
tellect which grows out of party con.
trovers-, not unified command by an
imperious leader over a disciplined
The Senate which will assume office
next March will probably be called
upon to ratify the treaties which will
end the war treaties more important
than any which this Nation has yet
made. since they will Involve a revo
lution In our fcreign policy. Ratifica
tion of treaties is of equal importance
with their negotiation, and is entrusted
to the Senate as representative of the
Individual states. When tho world ts
caviling for open diplomacy and for
popular control over foreign as well
a-iafileolia affairs, thi fynstio n.
Creased twentvfolrl. anrl the -Ift-lnr-h
pieagea to unconditional surrender Dyigun has been snrroniirr mi.ioH
Germany than in one whose partisan and tested, throwing a 2100-pound
ulcus jircveuiBu its searcmnx scrutiny
of every act and project of the Execu
tive. ,
rats are a erreat nest- They breed in
the rocky hill back of my house and
furnish a continual stream that Is
cause of great annoyance and loss. To
be sure, they generally walk easily
into any old trap if in the course o
DOW3I WITH SHEBIFFSi
The Jackson tax notice measure
might well be entitled "A Law to
Ruin Financially Every Sheriff in
Oregon."
In section 5 it makes the tax col
lector (Sheriff) personally liable for
any damages that may be sustained
by a property owner through failure,
neglect or refusal of the tax collector
to keep the property owner's true ad
dress or to give him mail notice.
Infallibility In the office of tax col
lector is impossible. If this bill passes
and any clerk put on the work of
getting out the notices overlooks as
he undoubtedly will at times a name,
the Sheriff will be. liable for tho In
terest, penalty and possibly total loss
sustained by tho property owner.
We had not heard that any Sheriff
ever injured or insulted the author of
this bill. So why tho ferocity?
snell, this being the most powerful
naval gun In existence. Guns have
been furnished not only to the regu
lar Navy but to 650 patrol boats, to
tne submarine chasers, to the Army,
to many foreign governments and to
more than 1600 merchant vessels.
The Navy works silently and se
cretly, but it and the British and allied
navies have kept the sea open for
shipment of 2,000,000 American sol
diers and all their' material. That it
has not a more dramatic part in the
war is due to the prudence of the
German navy In not .challenging the
allies to a naval battle. Its work Is
no less valuable because It has little
active combat, an example being the
laying of a mine barrage from Scot
land to Norway, which pens the sub
marines in the North Sea.
WHERE THE BLAME LIES.
The disaster by which the steamer
Princess Sophia was lost with the
lives of all the 343 persons on board
can justly bo ascribed to the neglect
of Congress to provide aids to naviga
tion off the Alaska coast. As E. Les
ter Jones, superintendent of the Coast
and Geodetic Survey, has shown in his
report entitled "Safeguard the Gate
ways of Alaska." no part of our coast
is so beset with dangers or is worse
provided with lighthouses and buoys
than that of Alaska.
The duty thus to protect life and
shipping is more imperative in Alaska
than on any other part of tho Ameri
can coast. Alaska's coast is rocky and
mountainous. If a ship runs ashore
it is likely to be dashed to pieces
or to slide into water so deep
that no diver can reach it. The
country is thinly inhabited and res
cuers are few. Many mountains and
rocks are submerged with their sum
mits Just below the surface, and a
vessel may run on them unawares, as
the Princess Sophia ran oh Vander-
bilt reef, though some safeguard would
have saved them.
The claims of Alaska are stronger
than thoso of any other part of our
coast, because the territory is acces
sible by water alone. The coast of
Washington, Oregon and California is
also less adequately protected than
that of any other part of the United
States proper and it also is rocky, but
people have the option of traveling
Dy ran, wmie those going to Alaska
have no such option. The people who
lost their lives were pioneers in the
last great undeveloped territory of the
republic, they were of the same fine
quality as those who conquered the
west and they are opening a country
which has poured great wealth into
the Nation's commerce and has re
ceived miserably small returns. They
nave deserved better of the Nation
than to be drowned bv hundreds
through the negligence of Congress.
AT S1JS5 AX IIOIR.
Not till every fcushel of "wheat was
harvested for soldiers did Walter M.
Pierce leave his ranch in Eastern Ore
gon to ask you to vote for him as
Democratic candidate for Governor of
Oregon.
So reads one of the political adver
tisements of Candidate Pierce.
Mr. Pierce, according to estimates
probably he alone knows the true
figures harvested this year 44,000
bushels of wheat. Mr. Pierce received
for it approximately $88,000.
Mr. Pierce, according to the tax
records of Union County, owns more
than 12.000 acres of"landT" His total
possessions, including improvements
and personal property, are assessed
at 1222,855. As assessments e-o the
figures represent probably 50 to 60
per cent of the true value of his hold-
ngs.
Yet, with all his wealth. Mr. Pien..
n the Winter months of Januarv inH
February, when farm work Was Klack
collected J352.50 for servinir
member of the District Draft Board
He has drawn all told $467.60.
ine draft regulations prescribed bv
President Wilson state that "a c-rom-
majority" of Draft Board members
nave reit that they should rmH.r
their services gratuitously." But the
Government has need also of eitlzon..
sucn work "who cannot without
isproportionate loss and hnrrishir.
longer absent themselves from their
private business without compensa
tion. ... The rate of comDensa.-
tion ... is prescribed to relieve
this condition."
The pay prescribed to relieve poor
men on the draft boards was accepted
by tho wealthy Pierce. He has himself-raised
the issue that his patriotic
activities should be rewarded with the
office of Governor. Ho says in an
other advertisement:
"Working for other fathers and
mothers of boys and girls in France
is Walter M. Pierce."
Indeed, yes. Working for the fathers
and mothers at $1.25 per hour on the
Draft Board.
GOVERNMENT RAILROAD OPERATION.
In the report on Government opera
tion of railroads which was- made to
the President by Director-Gentiral Mc
Adoo after seven months' experience,
a most Impressive showing of in
creased efficiency was made.
Substitution of unified for separate
control has reduced the number and
aggregate salary of higher officers and
attorneys. It has opened the way for
uniform classification of freight, a goal
toward which the roads have been
striving for many years.
Abandonment of competition has
caused the closing of many ticket and
freight offices and the cessation of
much advertising, by which f23,566,
633 a year is saved.
Unnecessary passenger trains, which
often traveled half empty, have been
withdrawn, and trains on parallel lines
Deiween two main points now move at
regular, frequent intervals. The short
est routes have been adopted for
through passenger trains, the eajriest
ana snortest routes for freic-ht trains
whereby millions of miles of car travel
have been saved, this being equivalent
to an- increase In the number of cars
ana engines vthout investment of ad
ditional capital and without drawing
on the deficient supply of labor and
material.
Terminals have been consolidated
with great economy In car movement
and with elimination of many switch
ing charges.
Idle time of freight cars has been
reduced and the average carload has
been increased by stricter demnrraa-e
rules, by full loading and by delivery
of freight by truck at the consienee's
door Immediately on arrival of trains.
cars and locomotives have been
standardized, and as the old ones of
diverse types are worn out they will
be replaced by the new, standard types.
coal movement has been increased
to the point where the limit is capac
ity to produce, not capacity to trans
port, as was the case last Winter.
War material moves in solid traln-
High on a bill looking away toward
rln Tint cmnla tx cn1ir.it . m rn 1 n-n me rUVBr LMIT9. &CTOSS a Taller tO the
. j walls of the Castle of Blois. in which or six of the best farm papers, som
minis .iiuiu t'cijr omtnuumci m -.j . . .f li.i. I,.,,. . mun
corporation holding a war contract ous deed3 of Frencn hiBtory were en-fscribers, for information regarding
nuuiti 1 acted, is located the great walled camp. I - lures" ror everytninjr tnat wains,
every man working for or supplying the "classification headnuarters" where crawls or flies, particularly woodrats.
goods to Government railroads. Even both officers and men, who from any I or call on their readers for it. All of
if Government management should be reason are detached from the units in I them made the call, but there were no
non-political and ordinarily efficient, I wnicn tney came to France, are going rtp.ies. '
as It has not been in Canada- France through the army machinery that will In some parts of the country wood
or Anstrlla it tends to become rieid. Place them in their original unit, in
. . ... . . . , I another military organization, or re
"uu" W1" " f p7 """"""" . turn them to the States as unfit for fur-
iaeas ana nosuie to uew m.cuuio. ther military duty in France,
Its disposition is to do things as they
always have been done. I By far the greater part of these
Ronr-fitji nr-miB from n Deration of men are those who through wounds or I time they harmen to find It and they
railroads by private enterprise which I sickness have been in hositals and for can be coaxed from their hiding places
can he obtained In no other way. Pri- inosn m itrr auij su oy tapping wun a. iraara on mo
,,wnr rail bacIt to thelr original regiment. But and then shot, if one has nothing else
vate enterprise built our splendid rail- u nas been weU Bald that thjs Amerl. to and does not mind snooting In
roaa system, eicecums i , ,5T' can system has a soul, for it attempts, house and barn. But I would like to
or all Europe, ana operaiea it wim ana indeed does appraise every individ- know of a lure, the smell of which
such efficiency as to .give better service ual soldier that passes through the attracts the.m.as soon as they come into
at lower' rates than any government walls of the old French barracks, the vlc;nity. An appeal to the Ie
system. Private enterprise was always I weigh his worth to Undo Sam and send partmcnt of Agriculture also was fruit
rnr-cntlTA tn new inventions. Of Wfllcn " " eorvo wnero no is mgsi less;
.v. ..i.v 1, 4, ci.nin5r .re Deeded and at that for which he is best
mo 7" fitted.
omy two. xt nas uuuu uiic iimucciius
of adaptability to varied conditions of c The prlncipa, -JS
wmi.li a. """"-""J I ,-,. ; V ot soldiers, mostly those discharged
-xnese advantages are uui '""J trom the hospitals. Classifications are:
tnrown away m Diina aamiru xu. CiasaA Men fit for tha front.
system which has provea lnienor iu class B l Men temporarily unfit, but
other countries under normal condl- likely to become A. Fit for heavy duty
In Other Days.
. - j i .1.1. aay irom me lronc
tions and whicn nas Deen men m tuio class B ; Men likoly to beeoms
Now there is nothing under the eun
but what has Its sympathies and its
antipathies. I kill off the clothes
mollis by soaking red woolen rags in
a solution of arsenic The theoiogis
of course, knows why the moth selects
the red cloth In laying her eggs, pass
ing by the other colors, but long ex
planations would be unprofitable. It
is immaterial whether it acts on tho
eye or the nose, and so is the reason
for action.
We all know what a skilful player
with a reed flute can do to snakes and
from The Oregonlan I learn that
phonograph properly used is deadly
to seals.
Nearly every year rattlesnakes come
from the rocky cliff back of my House,
follow down the draw to it. camp a
couple of weeks under the house, the
rnnnlrv nnlv under th abnormal COn- Then classified, tit for Ilaht duty only.
. n..n.. Class CLCS and C 2 Gradincs tor eon
anions or war. in wmuu tuo valescents who would ordinarily ba unfit-
ment itself proviacs aoout uau wa ior naas a.
t-orfin h i,vi nrinritv with the . Class r Physically nnnt. To bs ratnrnad
patriotic consent of the people.
There is no basis for comparison I The men arriving at the Blois Camp
between public operation under war I usually show considerable wear. Most
conditions and private operation under of them have had long train Journeys
. . - sl.a I and that!! lrtth(nri' la nlrl a risl TirniTi
peace conditions. or . their faces grimy and unshaven. They doorsteps, etc, then follow the draw
performance of Mr. McAdoo sbouia fecl &s They fu3.tner to tn0 raUroad tracks and to
not lean mo up for enrollment in an entrance com-
Government ownership. ine Detxei panv. They present their service rec-
plan would be to attempt a comDina- orda and any other credentials, and
tion of tho good features in both of give information required.'
ti rival nlans. This may seem a dar- A long line of barracks receives the
ing experiment, but it is not beyond men. They go in at one end. dirty and
tho. canacitv of American siaiesmcu - -r ,ltD -
tno caildtuj uj. ."J" MH nnwlv rinswil nlonn chavsr, with
trimmed hair and with that springy
feeling of a man just bathed. And in
those buildings they have told'all their
troubles, all the vicissitudes of their
including the ball-up in
their allotments, the court-martial that
was an accident and the family worries
back home and they have been looked
for originality in solving economic
problems.
American sugar regulations are
mild by comparison with those of army Iff.
England and France, a iaci wmc
ought to make 'us- accept our own lot
the depot, where they camp a while
under the platform. I won'd like to
learn of a repellant (other than a rops
of horsehair) that would keep them
from their favorite haunt under the
doorstep, and of a lnre, that would en
tice them to traps set under a platrorm
made for the purpose. Perhaps snakej
have no sense of smell, in which case
lures would be ineffective. Does any
body know of a favorite food (other
than small birds' eggs, which are not
obtainable), that might serve as a bait?
I can not play a reed Iiute or any
other, nor would 1 want to wait to play
it till after I am bitten, even if I could
philosopnicany. uv piav-t. . B- m,wti.n nt m,,i(.r nffinr nlav it.
lish eating houses is to allow eacn . , " Last Spring (or Winter) a writer in
person only as much sugar as can be The work of sending the men through The Oregonlan referred to the Bingham
contained in, the bowl of a dessert this clearing house is handled with the plan of getting the coyotes. After a
sToon ieveiea on wita a.
scraper. This must suffice for an en
tire day, and is obtainable only upon
presentation of a card. Bread and
meat also are rationed, only the sol
diers being permitted to receive com
expedition of a well-ordered assem- while someone inquired about it. You
bling room of an automobile factory.' told him to write to the National Wool
The soldier tells something or acquires Grower.. Thinking that probably an
something almost at every step.
From the medical officers he goes to
the vocational classification room. Here
gleaned his life history before the
paratively sufficient amounts. The ap- I war by a serics cf questions devised
parent hardship or sugar resirmyiuui. by Thomas A. .Edison.
in this country is auo to our isiuu
as the leading sugar-consuming peo
ple in the world. We normally use an
average of 89 pounds- per capita per
annum. In our own colonial days
many persons never saw sugar and It
was many years alter mat oeioro
A horseshoer who has come to France
in the infantry may find himself in
the artillery or cavalry. If he had been
a piano maker he is more than likely
to be sent .to an airplane repair shop.
Misplaced men are reassorted.
.
The next thing is pay, new shoes
in
Driving of the last spike on the
Government railroad from Seward to
Fairbanks probably marks a new
epoch in the industrial development
of that region, but gold already had
sunk to third place in the list of com
modities procured in Alaska when
the spike was driven. Copper of the
value of more than $33,000,000- and
canned salmon worth $21,000,000 ex
ceeded gold In the fiscal year 1917. the
last named contributing only $1S.000,
000 to the wealth of the territory.
Tho total commerce between the
United Flates and Alaska in that year
was about $100,000,000, which was a
loads from interior cities to Atlantic
ports, trains of lumber having moved
from the Pacific Coast in fifteen days.
rnus economy is effected not only in
the time of cars and engines, but in
the time of loading ships.
The Government carries Its own fire
risk, having found that tha aggregate
premiums paid during the past three
years exceed the aggregate losses by
more than $3,500,000, though the
losses included the enormous Black
Tom fire in New York harbor.
Much free service has been elimi
nated, special trains and private cars
have been reduced to a minimum and
deadheads" are a thing of the past.
Freight is billed through on all lines
and accounting has been simplified.
Many of these changes are of such
undeniable benefit to the public that
tho people will inevitably wish to re
tain them after the war has ended the
Immediate occasion for Government
operation. Many more of them will
effect such economy in operation of
the roads as to justify reduction of
freight and passenger rates after war
prices shall have become things of the
past, not only by repeal of the recent
advance, but possibly by reduction of
pre-war rates. Many discriminations
and special favors have been abolished.
and all shippers and passengers are
presumed to be more nearly on an
equality than they ever were.
Advocates of Government ownership
will surely seize on these results of
Government operation as arguments
in favor of their policy. Controversy
will center upon the question whether
these advantages cannot be perpetu
ated without Federal ownership, and
upon the disadvantages which would
have to be endured and the benefits
derived from private ownership which
would be sacrificed by the new policy.
Both advocates and opponents of
Government ownership will agree that
things can never again be as they were
before the Government took posses-
sion. Close co-operation and a large
measure of unified control must con
tinue. Opponents of public ownership
will be constrained to discover a plan
by which these gains can be preserved
without losing the points In which pri
vate ownership excels and without suf
fering the evils with which public
ownership has been accompanied in
other countries. They may turn to
consolidation of all the roads in a cer
tain area under one corporation with
several Federal appointees on the
board of directors. At the least they
would propose a closer degree of Fed
eral regulation exercised by regional
sub-commissions of the Interstate Com
merce Commission, and state regula
tion would practically come to an end.
The state commissions might become
merely representatives of tho interest
of the several states before the Federal
commission.
The experience of other democratic
countries warns us that Government
operation of railroads Is inevitably ac
companied by interference of poli
ticians with efficient and economic
operation, Politic rnoUvej overrule,
article by Mr. Bingham had appeared
in their Journal I wrote them. Tney
were kind enough to write me: "We
never heard of Mr. Bingham or his
coyote plan." While I have not so far
lost any Toggenburg Kicis Dy coyoios,
I would rather have their pelts than
their obtrusive presence and think
many other readers of The Oregonlan
feel the same way, not only aDOut coy
otes and other animals mentioned, but
also about many others not mentioned.
Any trapper knows that his success
depends almost entirely on proper
lures. Why not apply the same means
to the extermination of pests or an
kinds? The subject has by no means
received the attention it really de
serves. Among the readers 01 i ne ore
gonlan are many " old-timers and ex-
frontiersmen -besides people in an
miiia of life Tf some of these people
Hungary was & more willing confed- neutenant. All the details are handled could be prevailed upon, I believe they
,nti than Austria in liermanys con-i ny enlisted men. most or them Driv- could tell us sometning o oeneni. ,
it la under the oligarchic rule ates. . 11. brui.nL-
w itffnn.nr mamates. its democ- Schools for typists and stenogra-
r-v i a. sham and it is as guilty as phers are maintained at the camp, and home SAVED BY ADVERTISEMENT
V . . . ' ,- ..., it is planned to provide other special I
training. Experience Convinces Writer - That
Present Tax Notice I. aw la :Good.
average consumption reached a pounai and new clothes and two sacks of to-
a month. I bacco. The bath is next. Men go under
' I the showers in squads on a time-table
Witnrarv cannot escape the penalty schedule. When they have dressed
Hungary cannot escape they pass on to the barber shop the
01 ner snro ii """" ' -f best one in France, everybody in the
crimes Dy aecia.rinB " 7 camp says.
Austria. The evidence is strong that In charffa of aU thls work Is one
..... n nr.rrpslne-' sublect races. is Pianuea to provide otner special
Tf shorn of all non-Magyar territory, tr!?lL"f- ., ,
i. M.ii Vt nnlv a. small state and. it I -o-t -. j
aw vt a- .r - ... I diuio uaiuu. .it louiici a ui w a.r Kua.ru I . . rt . r. f ,m2 l -TV A I
cannot save what It calls its integrity compan,Cs are made up here and spe- PORTLAI-.D. Oct 26. (To the Edi
by deserting tho Teutons at this late Ciai types of labor companies are also tor.) Recommendation by the Cham-
day.
organized.
Chamberlain will not be in the run- Tens of thousands of officers must be
otng for two years and the hoys may commissioned within the next few
be home before then. Meanwhile, months, and at least several thousand
there's West, who has Intimated Mc- of them will be chosen from the boys in
Nary Is the man to elect this year.
Oswald West's candidate says "we
need an American-born man for Gov
ernor," and that is a backhand' slap
at Os, who came over to better his
condition and did so.
The American Army seems to have
been given the "hardest part of the
task in France, but -tackles it with
ardor and with grim determination to
see it through.
France. The commanding General has
issued a bulletin saying that every
effort is being .made to facilitate the
granting of commissions to those whs
have shown their worth in actual serv
ice.
A three months' course in the Army
candidates schools is followed by s
rigid examination before a board ol
officers.
Only in exceptional cases will com
missions be granted higher than that of
Second Lieutenant.
ber of Commerce upon the questions
submitted to the voters for decision at
the Novebmer election "seems to me
wise and timely. Personally, the
writer has "not had time to give the.
study that some of these questions
should receive, but personal experience
has enabled me to speak positively
upon at least one.
Throuch the publication or tne ae-
linquent tax notice I was apprised of
the danger of having my old lamny
home in Oregon City sold ror taxes.
The agent for the property, who looked
after it for me, through an oversight,
failed to pay the taxes, when adver
tised, a friend saw the advertisement,
and knowing that I was in the iast at
the time, took the trouble to ascertain
my address and wrote promptly and in
time to prevent the sale of the prop
erty. In this instance the owner of
the property felt secure in having per
Twenty-Five Tears Aso.
From Tho Oreg-onlan of October 23, 1S93.
Peoria, 111. The whisky trust has
announced an advance of 1 cent in
prices which go into effect tomorrow.
Proprietors of a McMinnville saloon
are offering a reward of $200 for the
arrest and conviction of tho miscreant
who threw a stone through a costly
plats glass window in its front.
The Union Meat Company, having
just occupied their new packing and
cold storage plant at the corner of
Fourth end Glisan streets, cordially In
vite the public to call and inspect the
same this afternoon between 1 and 5
o'clock.
Long distance telephoning to all
points in Eastern Oregon and Wash
ington is a pleasure, tho service Is to
perfect.
The trusses' of the draw span of the
Burnsids street bridge are all up and
connected and the span is now, as the
engineers Bay, "safe.'' The top chord is
yet to be riveted, and theru is somu
other riveting to be done.
Tha block on the north side of Wash
ington street, between 17th and ISth,
has been sold by A. II. Johnson. It will
probably be used as a site for tho
Episcopal church, as this church has
been anxious to secure it for some time.
Fifty Yearn A so.
From The Oregonian of October CR. 1S6.
Madrid. Provisional government has
Issued a manifesto concerning tho
administration of the kingdom. Ad
vanced liberal ideas advise the sale of
Cuba to the United States as the most
direct and speedy mode of abolishing
slavery.
Mr. Bertrand. charged with the mur
der of J. A. Mr-fop, was arraigned be
fore J nd go Hoffman yesterday. Tho
prisoner's statement is- that tho de
ceased owed him a large sum of money,
the earnings of his whole lifetime, and
that the killing took place when tho
deceased man refused to pivo him $2i
with which Bertrand wished to get to
ban Francisco.
Governor Ballard, of Idaho, came .
down on the Cascado yesterday and
made, us a call last evening. Ho re
ports lively times in the Territory.
Governor Moore of Washington Terri
tory came as a passenger on the Julia
last evening.
We learn that the Yamhill, Molalla,
and other tributaries of the Willametto
River are rising slowly. Tho Willam
ette has not risen sufficiently to mate
rially enhance the facilities of naviga
tion, but a few more days of rain will
bo a great advantage. .
Private Lin DaMes, formerly a re
porter of The Oreironian. contributes a
A Denver man has Invented an affair I bit of verse to the Stars and Stripes, formed all of the duties of a good citi-
to hold the roast while being carved, entitled 'T;he Bugler." The man sup- zen. supposed the taxes had been paid
but the need s for something to hold I posed to be speaking Is a patient in and would have been put to consider
back a choice'bit for the carver, most! Base Hospital -46: I able expense and annoyance but for the
always father.
Stay outdoors as much as possible
in the "rain and southerly winds.
That atmospheric condition just now
is for health.
I can't blow taps no mora" advertisement of delinquency.
He says to me: I The present law seems effective In
(They'd kidded him outside the barracks jts operationpyJn this- instance for the
oenetit or tne property owner wno was
The man indicted for bigamy can
find the soft spot in the heart Of the We started up and Buddy got It rtgh
door.)
"I used to do it pretty well before
Before I played my baddy off It's war.
But don't you see?
"The moon was fall and white.
And shining free, ,
About the way It's shining- there tonight
wife, but the other woman is adamant.
A little less holiday expense will
accomplish the increase asked In the
total of the war drive next month.
Democrats who registered as Re
publicans are red-hot for tho Presi
dent's request. It s a sure sign.
it dropped him out the
A piece of shrap;
right
Alongside me.
"We laid him in the clay;
And It was me -
That sounded taps; there was no other way
I can t blow taps no more . . . bat say!
1 tapped a German skull tha other day.
And that squares me.
.
The "Big Drive" in Italy is fore
shadowed in the Stars and Stripes of
October 4, which was permitted to me-.i-
delinquent. Firmly believing In the
maxim coined by Woodrow Wilson,
that "the white light of pitiless pub
licity" Is one of the cures for public
ills, I shall vote against the "delin
quent tax notice bill." '
DR. W. C AUAA1S.
When the German people them
selves doubt the empire's solvency, the tlon only that American troops were in
empire Is already bankrupt.
From force jof habit many awoke
as usual yesterday, but turned over
for the beauty sleep.
ifeath on the Princess Sophia was
merciful, . but the lesson Is to have
your house -in order.
that country in considerable numbers.
"How the Yank Is Faring In Italy" is
the caption of some humorous descnp
.tive sketches.
'If you do not know what "Esercito
Americano' means," it says, "it Is be
cause you belong to that - somewhat
larger fraction of the A. i F. which
is visiting France rather than Italy.
If your adventures in Latin ever car
ried you as far as Caesar s Commen
taries you Tay remember trat the
e&rly Roman Foch was forever assem
bl ng an exercitus and going . forth to
conquer somebody with it 'Esercito
Ar-iericano' is 6imply imerican Aruy"
With the Government running the as written in a fine IraUan hand.
express companies rates are advanced
for the asking. I Doughboys on leave hunt a res
taurant the first thing. Tney ask: ror a
Exchange of goods Is suspended, but trattoria, which is not something to
. , : 1 1 , ,j , eat, uui luq nuuio i L.naui n.ii. -'i-.n
tilt; uivuilo in 1 1 1 1? tuiiuuua iu CfclU 111
swapping wives.
A livestock exhibit in. a hall will be
"a holy show," the stockmen down at
the yards think.
Between the Germans and the Brit
ish nothing remains of Zeebrugge but
the pieces.
To be more effective, the gauze
masks should be shirred and have
real lace. , -
Wilson evidently wants Just
to be chosen.
pegs
eat, b
is seldom aspired to, as the boys have
learned that, no matter what is ordered,
it invariably turns out rabbit.
Eggs are fairly safe. "Due nove
fritte." is not hard; or "due nove alia
coccal" But would you recognize
"nove in fritalla as an omelette;"
"Caffe nero" winds up the meal. Bat
you get no sugar; unless you have it in
your pocket.
Juggins Why does the Captain al
ways stick to vin blanc?
Muggins Guess he's obeying tne
n r nKmit not lookiner on tha wine
.whaa-itJa led,1 i
Pleasing the Palate Is Bad Habit.
COQUILLE, Or Oct. 25. (To the.!
Editor.) The editorial in The Ore
gonian October 23 on new food regula
tions inspires me to relate my experi
ence in food conservation.
I think the majority of our people
eat too much. I found in my case it
largely habit and pleased the
palate, although I sometimes dreamed
of my grandmother after a hearty late
supper. To be cure I worKed hard
most of the time in former days, and
my present bill of fare would not be
quite sufficient at that time, which was
meat twice daily, with pie or pudding
and cake or all three. My weight at
that time was about 133 in Summer;
waist band 31.
For the last 12 to 14 years my bill
of fare has been: 8 to 8:30 A. M., four
buckwheat cakes with butter and syrup
or honey or mush and one pint of
milk; 3:30 to 4 P. M., meal of differ
ent kinds of vegetables, fruits, two
slices of bread, butter (meat, average
once a week), one pint of milk, which
is both food and drink. During the day
I eat an apple or two or a banana,
many times nothing. Weight around
150 pounds; waistband, 34; age, 6a. I
i , .. i . ,i
SHORTAGE OF GRADE TEACHERS
Correspondent Advocates More Xormals
to Relieve Situation.
COTTAGE GROVE, Or., Oct. 26. (To
the Editor.) In an editorial October
18 headed "Pretest This Abuse." I note
you are advising the electors to vote
'no" on the normal school measures.
In my mind you are making a great
mistake In doing this, for I consider tlio
establishment of the two normals, ono
n Southern Oregon and one in Eastern
Oregon, to be absolutely essential to tho
educational interests of tho state at thia
time for several reasons.
First, this measure has the whole
hearted support of President Campbell,
of the University of Oregon; President
Kerr, of Oregon Agricultural College;
State Superintendent Churchill and all
of the leaders of education in the state.,
and these men are certainly qualified
o know the need of education through
out the state.
Moreover, anyone who is in touch
with school matters knows that there
s a great shortage of grade, teachers.
In our own county there was recently
listed In the Eugene Register nearly
30 country schools which were unable
to open because there were no teachers,
and even in The Oregonlan there have
been recently several utterances la
menting the shortage of teachers.
Your admonition to tne electors to
vote no on this meritorious measure is
untimely and is a hard blow to tha
most sensible means of lessening the
shortage of grade teachers in Oregon.
Even now Superintendent Churchill
as authorize! the certification of lygli
school graduates who have had no
training in the fundamentals of teach
ing or any subject relating to pedagogy.
Areument after argument could, oa
piled up in favor of the normals, and I
ave failed to find any eenslDie argu
ment against them.
Furthermore, you speak m tne last
paragraph of your article as this being
an Initiated measure; it is strictly a
referendum measure. Hence you really
should suggest a vote "yes" to make
your own argument logical.
WORTH HARVEY.
do some
time.
manual labor most of the
FOOD CONSERVATION.
In the Dark.
A colored minister was about to lead
his congregation in prayer when sud
denly the floor of the church sank a
foot, causing a commotion among the
parishoners. Tne preacher was equal
to the occasion and quickly quieted his
flock by solemnly saying:
"Stay just whar.yo' all is,' my people,
de Lawd is wif you!"
Immediately a big Mose Peters
jumped upon a pew and shouted:
"Misto1 preacher, if de Lawd was wIP
me just now, den who all's done took
ma fo' bits in dis heah low-down bunch .
A, .ilaiUerrie''L- ax toons .Magazine i
The re&sons that actuated The Ore
gonlan have been made clear. We think
all the educators named will admit that
additional normal schools will not bo
needed while the war lasts; that you
cannot make teachers If students will
not accept instruction, and that they
are not accepting it In satisfactory num
bers where it Is now offered. The one
normal school opened with less than
one-half the number of students that
attended last year. For these reasons
the normal board has pledged itself
not to spend the money appropriated,
if the bill passes, until the war Is over.
Yet it would be an Immediate appro
priation of funds and the annual tax
levied by the bilr would be collected.
The Oregonlan suggests that the appro
priation be not made and the tax be
not levied until there Is a use for tha
money.
Make Hon Work as Well as Pay.
STEVENSON. Wash.. Oct. 26. (To
the Editor.) In The Oregonian's Fri
day paper I read the suggestion that
Germany be compelled to pay the debt
she owes to civilization, a sum in ex
cess of $100,000,000,0a0, and to insure
the payment an army to occupy her
territory till it is paid.
To trie this seems only just, put tnere
should be labor performed in the dev
astated parts of Belgium and Franca
by German people till the towns aro
rebuilt, the country made fit for cul
tivation and these ucrman laDorera
should be clothed and fed by the Ger
man nation.
Why is it that no American women
are expressing their opinions on "peace
talk"? Have we lost our nerve or are
we too weak-kneed to dare back up our
bovs in their slogan, "To hell with an
armistice"?
MRS. ELLA STAGEDHJj.
Government Building Prrmlta.
HOULTON, Or., Oct. 26. (To the Edi
tor.) Kindly inform me in regard to
building permits from Washington,
D. C. Are they for the city of Portland
or for the state of Oregon? Is tearing
down, mpving and rebuilding consid
ered repair work, and are shipyard
workers exempt from the new law?
, A SUBSCRIBER.
Farm buildings not exceeding $1000
in value may be erected without Gov
ernment permit. If you contemplate
rebuilding a structure worth more than
$1000 or are planning to erect tho
building in town you must have a per
mit. This is obtainable through tho
County Chairman, Council of Defense,
residing at your county seat. Ship
yard wprkers must sot permits ,