TITE MORNIXG OREGOXIAX. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 1. 101S.
I .
ttan
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PORTLAND, TIESDAY, OCT. 1, 1318.
PTNAI. YICTOKY HASTENED.
By accepting the allies" terms for
an armistice, Bulgaria does more than
lay down her arms and withdraw
from the war. Her troops are to
withdraw from all allied territory,
which leaves to the small forces of
Germans and Austrians the Impossible
task of staying the progress of the
victorious and vastly superior allied
army. The Bulgarian railroads are
placed at the service of the allies,
which fact implies that the allies are
given the right to cross Bulgarian
territory. A3 the Bulgarian minister
at Washington Is quoted as saying that
his country will be friendly to any
allied moves against Turkey and will
be practically on the side of the allies,
this means that it will not merely be
come neutral but will change sides
completely, though not as an active
belligerent.
As there Is a considerable force of
Germans in Bulgaria which will be
forced to withdraw in order to avoid
capture by the allies, and as it Is
likely to take vengeance on the Bul
bars for their desertion, the latter
may be driven. In self-defense, to take
up arms against their former ally.
Withdrawal of the Bulgars leaves
all of Serbia and Greek Macedonia
open to occupation by the allies unless
Germany and Austria can rush up
enough troops to check them. If "Von
Mackensen moves south from Rou-
mania for this purpose, the war is
apt to be renewed in his rear. The
Austrians may be forced to retreat
northward in Albania in order to es
cape being caught between the Ital
ians in their front and the Serbs and
French on their flank. The allies can
now advance more rapidly than they
have against the Bulgars, and may
surround and capture the isolated
units of Teutons before they can re.
treat or consolidate on a new line
or be reinforced. There is an opening
ior irretrievable disaster to the Teu
tons in the Balkan peninsula. The
Germans are so hard pressed In the
west that they scarcely dare transfer
troops thence, and if Austria should
send aid from Italy, .Marshal Foch
might take advantage of the move to
launch an Italian offensive which
would drive the Austrian army back
. to- tne isonzo River.
Turkey feels the most immediate
and dangerous effect of this sudden
change in the situation. Troops could
not come from the central empire to
her aid, if they were available, for
Bulgaria has cut the corridor throueh
the Balkans, and the supply of arms
ana munitions is for the same reason
cut off. This has happened just when
Turkey is in dire need of both men
and material, for the army in Syria
lias been annihilated, that on the
Tigris is confronted by a superior
Angio-indian force, and that in North
ern Persia and the Caucasus would be
cut off from its base by the defeat of
the latter. Worse still, the allies are
now free to advance through the Bal
kan peninsula, take Adrianople and
besiege Constantinople at the Tcha-
taldja lines on the European side
while the only armies Turkey has
left are a thousand miles awav in
Asia, fighting against a much larger
ana Detter organized force.
This prospect, combined with Ger
many's proved inability to give mili-
tary aid and with anger at the insuf.
lerable arrogance of German officers
in Turkey, may have prompted the
demands wrrich Turkey is reported to
have made in Berlin. They point to
' the probability of early downfall of
Enver and Talaat and their gang of
cutmroats, ana of overtures for
separate peace. Turkey can hope for
nothing more from Germany, and can
expect nothing but practical extinc
tion if she continues a separate war
The only. chance to save something out
oi tne wreck is to follow Bulgaria's
example, accept the victors' terms and
trust to their mercy. In fact, there
may have been a race between Turkey
- and Bulgaria to adopt this policy, the
former hoping thereby to save the
. remnant of Ottoman dominion in Eu
rope, the latter to gain comoensation
in Thrace at the expense of Turkey
ior tne. conquests which cannot be
Jieia m Macedonia. Bulgaria's de
cision was hastened by trie disaster
to her army, while Turkey's may have
teen delayed by racial procrastination
- Turkey also should drop out of
the war, the climax of Germany's
overthrow would he immeasurably
. jiasienea. xne lintlsh army in Meso
potamia might be pushed northward
. into Russia to complete the extermi
nation of the Bolsheviki, or it and the
army in Palestine might be trans
ferred to the Balkans to join in a
- campaign against Austria from that
" direction. The Dardanelles would be
.- opened to allied ships, which could
take allied troops to Odessa for the
campaign in Russia during the season
when Archangel and Vladivostok are
closed by ice, and for the relief o
Roumania. The advance through the
Balkans would enable the allies to
change their base from Saloniki to
the Adriatic ports, greatly shortening
r tneir line or communications. A great
Tonnage of snips, now used on th
- long sea routes through the Mediter
ranean Sea and between Bombay and
tne Persian Uulf would be released.
' it could be employed in increasin
. the transport of troops and supplies
irom America, permitting, the full
power of this country to be felt on
the western front much sooner than
- has been calculated. An unbroken
. line of land communication might be
esiaoiisnea from Italy across the Ral
- Jtan peninsula and -Roumania to Rus-
sia, which would release mors ships
for service on the Atlantic. Germany
and Austria would then be literally
besieged, and their surrender could not
be long delayed.
These possibilities arising from the
withdrawal, first of Bulgaria, then of
Turkey, may have prompted President
Wilson to permit the Bulgarian min
ister, alone among those of the fouf
central powers, to remain in Wash
ington. That official may have served
as a medium of communication
through which allied propaganda and
information of the Immense war ef
fort of the United States reached
Sofia and Constantinople. The Presi
dent,' realizing that Bulgaria was the
weakest and most unwilling of Ger
many's confederates, may have fore
seen that she would be the first to
desert and that Turkey could not then
hold out. Seeing that Bulgaria was
the keystone of the Pan-German arch,
he may have done his part in so shap
ing events that this stone should drop
and the whole structure then tumble
in ruins.
SI-ACKER ALIENS.
The kind of man who in wartime
repudiates a declaration of intention
to become an American citizen which
he made when the skies were clear
is not the kind we want among us.
even as a sojourner. It will be hoped
that a way will be found to deport
these without delay to .the countries
from which they came. They are
essentially of the parasitic type, and
it Is doubtful if the benefit of fheir
labor will atone for having them
among us. Perhaps they intended to
leave the country anyway, but it would
be well to see that they do not take
much American money with them. The
suggestion of a draft official that
prospective employers see to this is
timely in this connection.
These slacker aliens cannot appre
ciate the extent of the penalty which
they are bringing upon themselves.
They certainly will not be welcomed
home by their former countrymen
Nobody has any use for a fair weather
friend. In whatever country they may
find domicile in future they will be
held in contempt. . The expatriate may
find sympathy, when his motives are
sound, but the slacker has a separate
Coventry reserved for himself and
his ilk.
Part of his punishment will he his
loneliness. It confirms our trust in
humanity to find that there are so
few of him. Wherever he goes, he is
doomed to be a political hermit for
the rest of his life.
FOIX TAX ITS A CD OVER AGAIN".
The only single tax measure that
was ever successful in Oregon was
passed under the deception that it was
a repeal of the poll tax. The law im
posing a general poll tax had pre
viously been repealed by the Legisla
ture, but due to a lack of knowledge
the deception of a second repeal was
successful and the concealed single
tax rider was adopted. That single
tax law was promptly repudiated at
the next election-
There is a similar deception on the
ballot this year. It was put there by
a newspaper publisher who Is a recog
nized advocate of single tax, and is
listed as such In printed propaganda
of organized single taxers.
The new fraud is presented as a re
peal of newspaper notice to tardy tax
payers of their delinquency and as
providing the cheaper method of notice
by mail.
The law requiring notice by adver
tisement to delinquents has already
pn rppealed by the Legislature. The
Legislature has already established the
uiuii notice requirement.
The real purpose of the new meas
ure is to repeal the law requiring
" -""rr nrttTo of the availabilitv of
certificates of delinquency to abolish
what is, in effect, an advertisement
that others may come In at a given
date and pay the delinquent taxes,
thereby acquiring a lien on the prop
erty. This advertisement is not in purpose
a notice to delinquents. It is not pub
lished until they have been duly noti
fied by mail and have still failed to
respond. It is a proper and essential
means of obtaining, in spite of tax
slacking, needed public revenues.
Any reference to costs of advertise
ments tinder previous laws, since re
pealed, which required newspaper
notice to every delinquent, is fraudu
lent. Every statement that a new method
of notification is proposed is fraudu
lent. Every Implication that mail notice is
not now given is fraudulent-
It is the poll-tax bunko over again.
For an unexplained reason an
avowed single tax advocate desires the
suppression of notice that certificates
of delinquency on the property of tax
slackers may be purchased.
The Oregonian reiterates and em
phasizes that it has no pecuniary in
terest in the publication of the notice
sought to be dispensed with. It has
never received one dollar for publica
tion of the notice required by the
present law. It has no expectation of
ever receiving a dollar from that
source, for the present law is so worded
that the newspaper in Portland hav
ing the largest circulation which is
The Oregonian cannot successfully
bid on the work-
Only the minority who do not
promptly pay their taxes have direct
personal knowledge that mail notice is
now given to delinquents. The plain
effort is to trade on the lack of infor
mation of the majority. Will they be
deceived again by a palpable fraud?
FREIGHT DELIVERY.
Success of the "store door delivery"
suggested by the Railroad Adminis
tration will depend upon the tactful
ness with which the details are ad
ministered. It Is aimed at the correc
tion of the evil of using railroad ware
houses and cars as storage places for
the goods of the consignee, but It may
quite conceivably be carried to an ex
treme which will work hardship and
nullify the purpose of economy.
Under the existing system, con
signees are notified upon the receipt
of freight at Its destination, and they
thereupon In their own way proceed
to arrange for its removal. The larger
establishments employ their own
truckmen or have contracts with cer
tain firms engaged in the trucking
business, and the smaller ones com
monly use their own delivery wagons
in the time when they are not other
wise engaged. This quite often en
ables them to effect desirable econo
mies in their own delivery systems.
The proposal of the Railroad Adminis
tration is that when goods are ready
for delivery, the railroad shall proceed
to deliver it (at the consignee's ex
pense) somewhat as the express com
panies do now. The convenience of
the railroad and not of the customer
would be consulted.
The plan in the abstract possesses
certain obvious merits. It would' pre
vent a large amount of duplication of
facilities and of unnecessary travel
over the same ground. If it resulted
in getting the work done with a
smaller number of trucks, there would
be plenty of other work for the trucks
thus released from service to do. But
the charge for delivery in the case of
a man who could call for his goods
practically without cost to him, on the
other hand, would represent waste.
It would seem that the desired relief
from freight congestion could be ob
tained by more drastic enforcement
of the time limit on storage, with the
alternative that goods not called for
within a certain time, reasonably brief,
would be delivered at the customer's
expense. This would put the respon
sibility where it belongs. It might
even speed up deliveries in some in
stances. There is no guarantee that
the railroa'' would be able, in every
emergency, . relieve their own con
gestion any more speedily than the
consignees could do.
SECRECY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE.
Some millions of men who are now
scratching their heads in the effort
to bring forth the answers to the
searching questionnaire which is be
ing sent to them by their draft boards
will have a certain uneasiness dis
pelled by the announcement that full
protection is to be given them in the
keeping of their intimate secrets. It
is necessary, in order to appraise
properly their value to the Nation and
to fix their status as soldiers or as
men behind the lines, that many de
tails of their personal affairs shall
be inquired into. All decisions are
based upon true answers to the ques
tions asked them and upon the ac
companying physical examinations.
There is still misunderstanding,
however, as to the nature of the
"public record," which the question
naire becomes. Those who have been
accustomed to go to the courthouse at
their county seats and there delve Into
the archives at will will be mistaken
if they think that the registrant's
questionnaire is open to the same
kind of inspection. The fact is that
the questionnaire Is held as confi
dential; without the registrant's con
sent its contents cannot be revealed
except to those officers of the Gov
ernment directly concerned with It;
and the penalties of serious misde
meanor attend any violation of the
rule. Unless for some reason It is
called for in court, it -is protected,
and even then safeguards will be
thrown around It.
The Government has the right to
insist that the registrant shall take
its agents into his confidence in such
matters as the amount of rent and
taxes he pays, which has a bearing
upon his duty to his dependents, and
the nature of the enterprise of which
he may claim to be an essential part,
and his salary and other income, but
this does not mean that the facts are
to be made known to business rivals
or prying curiosity-seekers. The rule
is made out of respect both to com
mon business considerations and to
the natural reticence which men feel
with regard to their private affairs.
His privacy is no more invaded than
is that of the citizen who pays in
come or excess profits taxes. When
the questionnaires have served their
purpose, they will be kept sealed from
prying eyes.
A QUESTION' OP MAN POWER.
Thb Army War College does not
agree with the estimate of Andre
Cheradame that Germany still has
11,000,000 effective men, according to
a review by the Army and Navy
Journal of a study made by the col
lege in January, 1916. The "real mil
itary resources" of Germany were
then estimated at 7,000,000 men, "of
whom 4,000,000 have had military
training," the last, figure being the
common estimate up to 1914. The
War Colleger estimated the military
strength of Austria-Hungary at 4,320, -000
men, while reference books placed
It at half that number, but Mr. Chera
dame gives that country 8,240,000
men. '
"The army of 7,500,000 men raised
in the British Isles alone" is described
by the Journal as one man-power
fact that surpasses all estimates," but.
great as was the British achievement.
it was not quite as great as that, for
1,900,000 of those 7.500,000 men came
from the dominions, other colonies
and India. If we add 500,000 for the
navy to the 5,600,000 remaining, we
shall have 6.100.000 as the mother
country's total contribution. This is
at the rate of 12.9 per cent of the
population. The same ratio applied to
the population of Germany would
give a man power of 8,643,000, which
is midway between the War College's
estimate and that of Mr. Cheradame.
The Journal's opinion is that the War
College estimate is "much more ac
curate, for no one would contend that
Germans were physically a race su
perior to the Britons."
It also disputes the accuracy of Mr.
Cheradame's estimate of the annual
increment in the German man power
since 1914 at 754,000. saying that
"there would be about 1,000.000 males
for the 1918 class of reservist if every
male child lived to be 18," but lnsur
ance tables show that only 60y.0u0
would be living at the age of 20, and
after deducting the militarily unfit
not more than 500,000 would remain.
Nor was allowance made for the men
who would pass out of military serv.
ice on reaching the age of 4 5 "in the
proportion of about one-third of the
increment," but it Is very doubtful
whether the Germans have been re
leasing these men, for we read often
of prisoners over 50.
The truth is probably somewhere
between the 'W ar College -estimate.
which was made before the pressure
on Germany became as severe as It
now is and therefore before every man
capable of carrying a gun was pressed
Into the ranks, and that of Mr. Chera
dame. If Germany armed the same
percentage of population as Oreat
Britain and has annual Increments of
500,000. the. most moderate estimates
of permanent losses would still leave
a large net decrease. The extent of
this loss is impossible to ascertain, but
has been estimated as high as six mil
lions. The Journal cites as evidence
that Germany is running short of men
an announcement from Washington
that "seven enemy divisions on the
western front had been disbanded en
tirely for lack of men" and the fact
that "in spite of her Interior lines of
communication Germany could bring
no men up to defend the St. Mihlel
salient, since she had none to spare,"
and left the Austrian troops to cover
the retreat.
The arrival of the American Army
In France has placed Germany in an
inferior position, both as regards num
bers and quality of troops, and this
Inferiority grows as more troops ar
rive from America and as hostilities
continue. Germany has used up an
abnormally large proportion of men
of fighting age, while Americans of
that age have just come into tha field.
Germany has recently added to her
navy large ryimbers of destroyers and
a new class of submersibles, specially
designed for fleet actions, of high
speed and easy to maneuver. There
are also a number of light cruisers
of the Mannheim class, with a speed
of thirty-three knots and armed with
two 8.2-inch and three 6.9-inch guns,
capable of crushing cruisers armed
with 7.5-inch guns, which are the
heaviest hitherto used on this type of
ship. This news may point to a pur
pose of Germany to make a last bid
for victory at sea.
MOTOR TRCCK SERVICE.
The Ideal transportation service for
the farming districts is the motor
truck, operated upon a basis of sub
stantial co-operation, such as is found
on a smaller scale in the "cream
route," which is already in practical
operation. This, as Mr. Julius Meier
said recently in Washington, where
he went, to attend a National high- in the opinion of F. B. Walt, of Suther
ways conference, gives producers a ! lin- r- n Sauvies Island Mr. Walt
cheaper way of getting small quantl- 1 ?" ranch and he visited It Sunday.
ties of produce to market than the
old method by which each farmer
hauled his own produce.
The farmer at this season is beset
by the problem of how he can most
profitably employ his time. Perish
able food Is going to wast, because he
cannot haul it to market, or if he does
so other food spoils in orchard and
field while'he is gone. One does not
blame him if he sometimes wishes
that nature had been less bountiful.
A short crop at least would not leave
him the spectacle of good food ma
terial going to waste to worry him.
But there must be co-operaxlon and
organization if motor transportation
is to be made economical or satisfac
tory. Too much of it will defeat the
purpose sought. - Rates, while not
high, ought to fford a living wage
above all expenses. A desirable re
sult is accomplished In come locali
ties by contracts under which the
farmers of a certain district agree to
give their business. In both directions,
to a certain man. who is pledged to
maintain a standard schedule and a
reasonable rate. The principle of open
competition may well be relaxed in
times like these.
The farmer is much needed at home
on the farm. The fewer trips to town
he Is forced to take, the better for all
concerned. There will be no quarrel
over the use of gasoline In this form
of motoring, for it is a highly labor-
saving and consequently essential in
dustry.
The general opinion that capture of
Metz will prove an extremely arduous
undertaking for the American Army
is not shared by the Army and Navy
Journal, for it says:
Metz. although ens of the strongest
fortresses In the world, will not be Impossi
ble to level If it Is determined to do so. We
have engineers better than the (Germans
ever had and artillerists also, as well as
other elements equal If not superior to any
thing Germany caa produce.
Though a fortress since the con
quest of Gaul by the Romans, Metz
never surrendered to an enemy until
Bazaine capitulated to the Germans
in 1870, but many things have
changed since. The performance of
the 'Germans at Liege, Namur and
Maubeuge has proved that large, long
range guns can reduce the most
solidly-built defenses. Americans can
equal, and doubtless excel, Germans
in building such guns, and, with the
greatest steel output in the world,
they have the material. We need not
be surprised if the American Army
should soon draw closer to the city
and begin a bombardment which will
wreck its girdle of forts in a few
weeks. We know that we can do
anything the Germans have done, and
do it better, though it may take some
time to force them to abandon the
city.
Canada is In a fair way to be
come Independent of German supplies
of potash. Professor D. McLaren, of
Saskatchewan University, has found
in the dry bed of an old lake near
Swift Current, Sask., immense de
posits of potash, sodium sulphate and
Epsom salt, which are available for
use of the allies by simply digging
with steam shovels. The top layers
are already being removed.
A new discovery In surgery is the
use of blotting paper in dressing
wounds. Dr. Alfred Kahn writes to
the New York Medical Journal say
ing that it can be used for an internal
dressing or drain and for an external
absorptive dressing, either wet or dry,
or as an external binder to take the
place of the cloth roll or bandage, and
it can be medicated.
Camp Mills, Long Island, of un
pleasant memory to Oregon troops. Is
being made into a permanent camp
by erection of permanent barracks, a
hospital of 2000 beds and other sub
stantial buildings. More troops bound
for overseas have been quartered
there than at any other camp in the
United States.
"American Flyers Outfight Ger
mans," says a headline. Without de
tracting from the valor and skill of
the flyers, we claim some of the credit
for Oregon spruce, of which the Amer
ican planes are made.
Wool growers who meet now and
then in Salt Lake must be amazed at
the great quantity of "sheep dip"
turned into the sewer Sunday.
In this greatest year of the war,
none of the Oregon delegation needs to
come home before election day. A
clean record will do the work.
Commercial apiarists seem to find
plenty of food for their bees. The
novice, who takes In his at night, needs
to resort to hand feeding.
A native-born Chinese with a com
mission in the artillery shows the kind
of melting pot "this old U. S. A." has
become.
It is absurd to say a wornan cannot
be found to fill a male clerk's place
If he really wants to get into essentia
work.
While the old-clothes drive for Bel
gians is full of merit, many fellows
will want to wear theirs awhile longer.
It la now up to Portland not only
to go over the top. but to go so far
over as to win that ship.
Time Is coming again when "ther
won't be no core" and all must eat
the crusts.
To some people the white and bine
skip-stop signals are merely orna
mental. The Bulgar beat the Turk to it. but
the Turk's day Is coming, too.
Parlous times for the man who falls
to buy, or to.buy enough.
Now Is the time when pedigree counts
in tha dairy.
I No. 123 is the lucky number fot
J first honors.
Those Who Come and Go.
More money was made by the con
cessions at the State Fair last week
than a year ago. according to J. J.
Bennett, who returned from Salem yes
terday. Mr. Bennett was in charge of
the admlssslons. Without exception the
men who had concessions declared that
they were well satisfied with results.
The attendance was not as large as a
year ago, but the people were spend
in b money more freely. The livestock
exhibit did not make the showing de
sired, but this was owing to the Im
possibility of obtaining enough cars to
transport the stock-
There promises to be an exception
allly good duck season down the river,
On his return he declared that he never
saw so many ducks before In his life.
The island appeared to teem with them.
And this year sportsmen are not feed
ing wheat to the birds because of the
food conservation.
With plenty of wool and plenty of
wheat, the producers of Wasco County
have prospered this year, states Judge
R. R. Butler, of The Dalles. The wheat
growers and woolmen, however, have
not yet received their money.
Captain R. William Allen, who has
been on a tour making speeches for
the liberty loan, has completed his
mission and returned to the city last
night, registering at the Portland.
James A. McEachern. who established
the shipyard at Astoria and who Is
now a resident of Seattle, came to Port
land yesterday and Is a guest at the
Multnomah- Mr. McEachern has the
contract to build the municipal dock at
the St. Johns terminal.
, Ben 8. Worsley. . of Astoria, has
closed the Clatsop County exhibit dis
played at the atate fair, and la on his
way home, lie registered yesterday at
the Imperial.
Among the arrivals at the Oregon Is
M. 11. Abbey, manager of the Abbey
House, at Newport. Or.
Charles Hall, one of the most prom
inent business men and good roads
boosters of Coos Bay, Is a guest at the
Benson.
Seven carloads of cattle were brought
to Portland yesterday by E. w. Coles,
of Haines. Or who is. registered at the
Imperial. Mr. Coles has for years been
bringing prize-winning tat stock to
Portland. He says that much of tha
cattle in his section are now In poor
condition.
C L. Houston, an Astoria business
man, la at the Portland.
Registered from Marshfield at th
Multnomah are A Y. Meyers. W. H.
Kennedy and James H. Polhemua.
BOND rXTEREST CROWS DAILY
Coupons Have Cash Equivalent and
Should Be Figured In Resales,
PORTLAND. Sept. 30. (To tb Edi
tor.) The subject of accrued Interest
seems to be little understood, even after
three liberty loans. Holders of liberty
bonds who are obliged to sell frequent
ly dispose of their bonds without get
ting any allowance for interest which
their bonds have earned up to the time
of selling and do not seem to realize
that the coupons have a definite value,
even though the actual date when they
become due may be sore months In
advance.
The word "accrue" means "to pile
up" or "add" to anything, and the term
"accrued Interest" means the Interest
that is piling up continuously, or being
added to the value of the bond or other
security which Is earning it
Coupons on liberty bonds are equiva
lent to cash on the date when they ma-
ture; or, to make It plainer, on the date
which is stamped on their face. On
these dates they may be exchanged for
cash at any hank In tne united btates.
Ordinarily all coupons are cut and
cashed on these dates. If for any rea
son a holder of a bond falls to cut his
coupon; It makes no difference in its
value, as It is equivalent to cash on
that date, or at any others date there
after, because it is a Government prom
ise to pay on demand. Therefore, when
accrued Interest is figured, it is figured
from the date on which the last Inter
est coupon was cut off and cashed, and
If several past-due coupons are still
attached to the bond, the value of all
these should be Included in the amount
of accrued interest.
The Interest on all liberty bonds Is
paid by the Government every six
months. The lntereet on each lsue of
liberty bonda (first, second, third and
fourth) is payable semi-annually, al
though the Interest on each issue comes
due at different dates. The Interest
on the first liberty loan bonds Is pay
able June 15 and December 15; on the
second loan. May 15 and November 15
on the third loan, March 15 and Sep
tember 15: and on the fourth loan, April
15 and October 1
A bond draws Interest at the rate
specified on Its face from its date of
issuance. Bach day that a bond rues
It has earned one more day's interest,
and in selling or buying that bond that
Interest should be added to the price.
As a further example, take a 31000
bond of the secor-.d issue, bearing 4 per
cent interest, or. In other words, paying
the holder 340 annually, the Interest is
navable Mav IS and November 15 each
year, 320 at each time. The Interest
will cot be paid before It Is due. That
Is, In the month of October th Interest
due November 15 cannot be collected.
But, suppose that John Jones had held
the bond In his possession until Octo
ber 15. He would, therefore, be en
titled to the interest upon his money,
at the rate of 4 per cent annually, from
.May 15, last, at which time ha received
the Interest then due. Therefore, if
John Jonee wishes to sell this bond to
George Smith at the market price, say
par and accrued Interest, he would re
ceive from him 31000, the principal sum
of the bond, and also the Interest upon
the 31000 from May 15 to October 15
at the rate of 4 per cent per annum.
Smith would, therefore, have paid to
Jones five months" Interest, which he
could not collect until the 15th of No
vember, at which time he would collect
not only the five months Interest paid
Jones, but the additional one month's
Interest for the time which he had had
his money invested, by cashing his cou
pon. Therefore, the amount of money
paid to Jones would not be lost by
mlth. but would come back to him,
together with his one month's interest,
on November 15.
This is the proper method by which
to sell liberty bonds on any date other
than an interest date and without loss
of interest to the holder.
People should remember that every
bond Usued by the Government Is earn
ing Interest every day whether it has
been paid for or not. Therefore, when
they pay the instalment on a bond they
have purchased and are asked to pay
accrued Interest with that Instalment,
they are merely advancing th amount
that bond has earned and this money
will automatically come back to them
when they cash their first coupons
Liberty bonds are going to be mora
and more widely distributed and their
value should beclearly understood by
everyone. No security can return a
more steady and sure tncoms and svery
day that you hold a liberty bond It is
worth one more day's Interest at th
rate It bears.
PORTLAND LIBERTY LOAN
COMMITTEE,
Willie TC Clark, Executive Sec'y.
Try This on Your Either.
Cartoons Magasins.
why does Love toss rn about
Oh!
hither, thither?
With her I could live without hr Td
. wither I
CARFARE OF THE PUCE-HrXTER
Ederly Woman Relate Typical Ex
perience of These Who Seek Position.
PORTLAND. Sept. 30. (To the Ed
itor.) I would like to call attention to
the question of carfare between em
ployes and employers.
I will -cite a case of an advertise
ment for an elderly person. I answered
by phone: found tha place far out In
the suburbs: tried to have a meeting
In town, as they were often In town,
but that would not do. they could ex
plain so much better at home. So 1
took an afternoon, off, crossed the
river, paid the best part of 50 cents
for carfare and found the home a
dreary outlook. The duties: Two
breakfasta early and late, one cow to
milk, pigs to feed, chickens and tur-
keys to care for; two children not of
school to h.' n,r- ,J
. "hU Wt"v.t0m.P-f0r, ,hOU"i'y to "tart up with a full force this
ana carry to stock. They cou-ld pay
not over J15 per month, and really had
thought an elderly person would be
glad of such a home with very little
wages.
After declining: the position on that
basis the carfare was adroitly men
tioned, but no response.
A word to those asking for elderly
help. I contend that a person who
could do all this work, no matter the
age. Is worth a decent wage. In this
ense 25 was asked, but thry couldn't
think of it- So I hurried away, almost
fearing they would relent and I would
have to crawfish. Thers are places
whero the age Is considered, and then
the wags should be considered, but I
started out on the carfare question.
X Believe it should be an unwritten
understanding that at least one car
fare should be paid by the advertiser.
There are a few who pay both, which
really la only Just, but they ar few.
There ar places and restrooms where
meetings could b arranged without ex
tra, carfares, and such meetings could
be arranged by phone. In any can
the employe ehould not be taxed for
all. OLD SUBSCU1UKR.
PDOTEST FROM A DRY COCNTRT
Idaho Correspondent Would IUt
hlbltlonUts Eliminate Tea and Coffee.
EOISE. Idaho. Sent- 2S. (To th Edi
tor.) 1 note in Th Oregonian that
mention is mad of christening shies
by breaking a bottle of milk in place
of th time-honored wine.
This would be well enough If it were
not for the fact that we ar advised
that babies not only In Belgium, but In
our own country, do not get th re
quired amount of that necessary fluid.
Now in the name of common sens
If the "Prohls" want to make a hit
why not us th good old unadulterated
Bull Run?
Surely If they desire to rebuk the
time-honored custom, the use of water
would be more sensible.
Another laughable "Prohl" move Is
their stopping of the use of hops after
the crop is already made, thereby caus
ing the loss of a million or two dollars
In the Northwest.
If our "Prohi" friends desire to do
something really beneficial and make
a little aacrifice themselves I suggest
that they abandon the use of tea and
coffee, thereby releasing lots of cargo
space, as all of these articles are im
ported.. Besides lots of sugar would be
saved. Let the "Prohls" make som
sacrifices is what I say.
E. J. KINNEY.
CAMP FOOD RESTRICTION NEEDED
Cook Enumerates Luxuries He Was Re
Quired to Prepare for Logger.
RAINIER. Or- Sept- 39. (To the Ed
itor.) I take the liberty to inform you
that the best news published In The
Oregonian was published on October
27. rcgardfng the wastage of the mess
table of lumber and locriring camps.
I am a cook of both hotel and camp
experience and was recently employed
in a logging camp. If the quality and
quantity of the patriotism of the com
pany and men equaled that of the
food. It was perfect- Never in all my
experience have I been required to cook
as now not good, substantial food, but
luxuries of the first-class.
Among some of the dishes I have
been required to cook are Hollandaise
sauce, maitre de hotel sauce, beaucharcel
sauce, puff paste, cream puffs, eclalres.
Bavarian creams, lemon snow and
souffles.
Such are not In the category of ordl
nary food: they are listed as luxuries.
I view the organizing of a commission
to eliminate waste and vo restrict the
mess to good and substantial food as
the best possible step. CAMP COOK.
Duties of Slsrual Corps.
ABERDEEN. Wash.. Sept. 29. (To
the Editor.) Please inform me regard
ing the Signal Corps of an army. How
many men compose a corps and what
are their duties? Where Is their posi
tion In general, when on duty? Their
pay? , A BbADtK.
Only general answers can be given.
The Signal -Corps Is a branch of tha
Army. The word is used iu a sense
different from "army corps. It has
charge of th construction and opera
tion of military cables, 'telegraphs and
telephones, wireless machinery and
meteorological apparatus, balloon and
airplane service. It is the eyes and
rs of the army. The pay scale Is an
elaborate table.
Enlistment lu Motor Transport.
SALEM. Or, Sept. 29. (To the Ed
itor.) To whom ehould one write for
information relative to ths motor
transport division of the Army? I
understand that officers' training
camps are closed to civilians, but press
notices say this division is In need of
officers, and I am wondering whether
civilians can qualify In this branch.
TRUCK EXPERT.
Write o the Adjutant - General. War
Department. Washington. D. C. The
central officers' training schools are
again open to civilians.
Swiss With First rapers.
PORTLAND. Sept. SO. (To the Edi
tor.) Please tell me If a Swiss 30 years
of age, who has taken out his first
papers. Is subject to draft; also what
would bs his classification?
GESSLER.
He Is subje; to draft unices he with
draws his first papers. That course
would debar him forever from citizen
ship. His classification would depenl
on physical conditions. Whether he
had dependents; and the cberacier of M
Prnp!oyment-
Call of Ensrtneers.
CORVALL1S. Or.. Sept. 39. (To the
Editor.) Can you tell mo if the men
who passed their examinations and
were recommended for commissions in
the Engineers' Corps have been called
to report at Camp Humphreys? This
examination was given August 30
and 3L LMMA SEATOR ROBiNSON.
Three or four ef these men hav been
called. Many others have received no
tification of acceptance, but hav not
received orders to report-
Protector of Rights.
RUFUS. Or, Sept. 29. .To the Edi
tor.) Please let ra know If I can go
and take a cow I went on the note for
as security. I have found out the man
cannot pay for her. Or. can I give no
tice to the owner that I will no longer
be responsible? A SUBSCRIBER.
No. You will have to proceed In
legal way. Consult a lawytr.
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Ace.
From The Oregonian. October L, ISPS.
The steamer State of California sn
countered very rough weather on her
last trip up from San Francisco. A
passeng-r said that a fisherman was
sighted on the ocean, sitting on th
botiom of his boat, which had been
capslied by the high winds and heavy
seas. He shouted tor help and a life
boat was lowered from the steamer,
but before It reached htm a fishing
smack hove in sight and he was picked
t-p. The steamer passed Cape Blanco
at night for the first lime In two years,
and steamed asalnM a heavy wind
during the rest of the trip.
,A. I sit to the big ma'.t connected
week. Among the latest Improvements
is a small turner of the latest pattern.
The Commercial National Bank win
be reopened for business at the usual
hour Monday morning. Bank Exam
iner Strange, who has been making
strenuous efforts for an early resump
tion, yesterday received Instructions
from the Controller to turn the bank
over to the directors, which he did. and
at 10 A. M. tomorrow the depositors are
expected to turn out in force.
Th quarterly Inspection and muster
of Battery A. Oregon National Guard.
win take place at the Armor, on Mon
day evening. Ths battery is expected
to turn out In force and will give a
gun and saber drill. This will be th
battery first appearance In publlo
since it has returned from earap. and
the boys are preparing to make It s
Qiemorab'.t event.
Fifty Tears Ago.
From Th Oreronlan. Octobsr 1. IMS.
Salem In the Senate th bill to ap
propriate money to pay exponas of
th Legislature was passed. A discus
non of some length arose upon Adams
bili to regulate licenses to sell liquor
by submitting the question of license,
no license, to th people at each gen
eral election. The bill was lost.
Salem S. Garfield, of Washington
Territory, spoke to a large assemblage
this evening at the Wigwam for Orant
and Colfax. He delivered an eloquent
and effective appeal In behalf of th
first leaders of th Union people of th
L'mtod States, and th audience cheered
him and them enthusiastically. Th
meeting was a flattering success, con
sidering the many attractions to draw
people elsewhere.
A member of the Legislature riva
notice that hs will introduce a bill to
tax bank notes. Now that Is getting
down to business, there will b a case
for the courts and legislative wisdom
will be duly snubbed. Go it Bourbonal
Just ses how much legislation you can
give us outside of the Constitution.
The lste fires which prevailed In ths
woods of Oregon arfd Washington Ter
ritory wera very much mora exten
s.ve than many suppose. The fires seem
to have extended from British Colum
bia to the California line, or even fur
ther south. The smoke at last ac
counts had puzzled the San Prancla
clans wonderfully, as many were not
awars of the cause of th darkened
state of the atmosphere, and It was
t.iought to betoken some Impending
evil.
THE FOlRTn LIBERTY LOAX.
We are playing Kaiser Wilhelm,
In a universal game.
We are coming to the finish.
And he knows it, just the Bam.
The cards have all been shuffled.
The aKIrs hold good hands.
We've all put In our "ante."
And the stakes are -just demands."
The women of the Nation,
Are glvlna- you this tip.
That something crooked's coming.
If you let things slip.
Put your hand into your pocket.
Take your checkbook, and your pen.
Let your sporting spirit conquer.
Help to save our splendid men.
We've got him. yes. we've got him.
With our millions of brave men.
But we've got to "feed the Kitty,"
If we want them home again.
T'ie Kaiser may be honest.
But not behind our backs.
He's raked in several good-slxed pots.
With a hand stuffed full of "Jacks."
But we've given him fair warning.
That our people have the stuff.
We're not afraid to "raise him."
And we'll call his measly bluff.
And when the Hohensollern ghost.
Comes back on earth to walk.
He'll wail through all eternity,
"American dollars talk."
MARY B. SUPER.
Computation of Day's Pay.
PORTLAND, Or, Sept- 30. (To th.
Editor.) Salary Is 3107.50 per month
How much is that per day for tb pres
ent month of September? Do not work:
on Sundays. OLD SUBSCRIBER.
It depends on the custom In the es
tablishment where the man Is employed.
There were 25 working days in Septem
ber. If the salary is divided by 25. th
day's pay Is 34.30. If divided by 30 It
is 33. 5S. If the man quits, say on Sep
tember 10, he should be credited either
with eight days' employment (ther be
ing two Sundays in the period) at 34.50.
or with 10 days' employment at 33.53.
In one case he would receive 334-40, In
the other 335.S4. It ther had been but
one Sunday In the period, as la often
true, the advantage to th employ
would have been in the first method.
Cp-State Guards and Armories.
PORTLAND. Sept. SO. (To tho Ed
itor.) To settle a dispute pleas an
swer as nearly as you can:
(1) Population of Corrallm, Tha
Dalles and Astoria.
(2) Has each town named a horn
guard like the Multnomah Guard, for
instance?
(3) If so. has each tows an armory,
or any specific ground for drilling pur
poses? A SUBSCRIBER.
(1) The following ar 1910 census
figures: Astoria. 3533; Corvaille, 4553;
The Dalles, 4SS0.
(2) Each has a home guard organiza
tion. iZ'i None has a stato-ownsd armory,
but all hava armory and drill-ground
facilities at their disposal.
lie Likes Th Oregoslam.
PORTLAND, Sept- 30. (To the Edi
tor.) Permit m to express my ap
preciation of ths news service and edi
torial strength of The Oregonian. My
duties take me through th entire
country and the quality of Tha Orego
nian appeals to me and I am glad to
com under its Influence and message.
JOSEPH B. HINGELEY.
Corresponding secretary board of
conference claimants Methodist Episco
pal Church.
Man-laare 3s LegaL
PORTLAND. Sept. 30. (To th Ed
itor.) Seven years ago Hannah Mary
Smiths was married as Mary Smith,
omitting th name "Ha.r.nh." Eh was
married In Oregon.
Is her marriage legal? If sot, what
steps are neceasary to legalise it?
READER.
Omission of th given nam has no
effect whatever on th legality of tha
marriage. .