g ' THE MORNING OREGONIAN. SATURDAY, AUGUST 17,, 1918. " 1 -i il' " a I PORTLAKD, OREGON. Entrd at Portland (Oreiton) Poatofflce aa aacood-claaa mail raattar. Eubiarlptiaa mea Invariably n n4vanea Bt liaJL) jMIJv. nnrlat iMludnd. am raar ...... Iaiiy. Sunday included, six moottai ..... -' I.ly. Sunday included. thraa montha ... ;j ItBilv. wlfhnnl Kunriav una uf ........ 3.Ur Jni!y. without fiandajr, six montha - JkiIt. without Sunday, ana month, J kly. on. year J ?? t-un day. ana year " funds, y and weekly I By Carrier.) fall. Sunday Included, one year ....... -J Jl!y. Sunday Included, ana month . .. .J iHiily. Sunday included, three montha Iwily. without. fanday. on year .. " Iaiiy, without Sunday, three montha ... " j-tt.y. without bunaay. oaa moan mi.;, wiuoyt eaoaij, oh moia How to Rrmit Send poetofflce money or Jer. oxpreae or peraonal check on your local aanc btampa. coin or currency are -ar-e rink. Give poatofflca mddxeaa In talU . cludlna county and ataie. Poataa Katea 12 to IS pairea. J cent: IS to psc. 3 centa: 4 to 4S pace. 1 centa: 0 to 60 pajrea, 4 centa: 62 to To P- 8 centa: 7 to t pasea. centa. Forala poat double ratea. Eaeterw Bueineaa Ofrtee Verrea Conk Jfn. rlrunawick bulKllns. New Tork; Verre Conklln, Steier bulldintt. Chlco; Verre ionklln. Free Preea butldln. Detroit. Mich. ; frn. Prmnclaco repreaeataUva. H- J. Bldwaii. f 4- ataxkal a tree L HKVBER OF Tint ASSOCIATED PRESS The Aaaodated Praaa la exclusively enti tled to the see for republication of all newa dlepatehe credited t It or not other lee credited to thia paper, and alao tba locai newa publiahed herein. A.I na-bta of republication of epeclai ata patcha herein are alao rear reed. PORTLAND, RATURDAT. ACcrST 17. Mlt iTRiiorynNO Dimcn-Trei The man who Cuds spread before ' 11m every morning; in The Oregonlah a detailed account of Important events that have happened in Europe in the few preceding hours, ha little con ception of the difficulties surmounted to render its transmission. Nor can he surmise from what he reads the lengths to which ingenuity has been exercised or the amount of money spent to provide the service. There is, as may be naturally sus pected, a congestion of business on the European cable lines. The Gov ernment makes constant use of them. Messages necessary to the prosecution of the war, of course, have the right of way. News cables are subject to censorship, which, though efficient, necessarily causes delay in delivery. There are frequent Interruptions of cablo and telegraph lines. WltHal the length of time required for transmis sion of news from Parts or London to Kw Tork 'has been quadrupled by war conditions, and the comparison made Is of a present average with that which was previously a practical Certainty. It is the custom for cable com Tnles to carry press dispatches at a 'low rate. Ordinarily messages carry ' lag the higher commercial rate take precedence. This has led to the cus tom of Tiling press dispatches at the iigher rate in order to promote quick delivery. But it does not always work. Due to the great congestion, low rate messages sometimes get through quicker than messages filed at the highest rate. There is no way to guess what will happen so the highest rate is generally applied and the cost of transmission of cabled news is thereby trebled. Correspondents have also discovered that a short message is likely to be transmitted more quickly than one of considerable length. So the practice lias been adopted of splitting news Into sections. These sections may fol low different routes with the result that they are likely to arrive out of sequence. It has happened that the first part, giving information essential to an understanding of succeeding sec tions, has arrived six to twenty-four hours after the latter. But the most serious problem con- terns the getting of news out of Rus sia. The Associated Press correspond ent at Moscow filed a dispatch on April 14. The normal northern route through Finland' was closed, so the message was sent across European Russia and thence across Asia to Vladivostok. It reached the Pacific port two days after it was Tiled. But the Pacific route was reported inter rupted, so the message was doubled back but went south through China, and by cable through' the Indian Ocean, the Arabian, Red and Mediter ranean seas and to an Irish cable sta tion for relay to New York. It reached liew Tork sixty-two days after it left Moscow. Its timeliness may be imag ined. In June and J air the Associated Press made an experiment in order to determine if possible the most re liable news route out of Russia. Cable messages were sent to all correspond ents in Russia by all known routes, and each was asked to acknowledge receipt. Not one reply has been re ceived. After passing the Russian border messages cannot be traced, so fchaotio are conditions. It is Indicative of the fairness and understanding of the Associated Press that the difficulties it encounters in obtaining speedy delivery of news are not blamed on incompetency or ineffi ciency of cable lines or censors. ' In Its reports of conditions it acknowl edges the exlstenoe of a tremendous burden upon transmission lines. It 'admits that a European office is not at fault when, after accepting a newt dispatch, a sudden press of Govern ment business causes it to delay the message or divert it to another Una Of the American censorship it says that not a single Instance of partiality has come to the attention of its editors and that the censors extend complete ! co-operation and show apparent eager ' ness to cut down delays and eliminate ' confusion. Recitation of the difficulties of the . Associated Press is in no sense an apology. Did they not exist, the pres : ent service would still be considered a ' marvel of efficiency. r AtTOMATIC EXEMPTION. . One feature of the new draft law which will commend itself to the pub lic generally is the proposed change In the system by which those clearly entitled to exemption will be placed in deferred classifications without being put to the necessity of making formal application. In other words, the reg istrant will merely set forth the facts as to his case, in the answers to a questionnaire, and if these facts en title him to deferred classification he will receive It. ' The provision la essentially Just. It Is based upon the experience of cer tain fraternal organizations which conferred sick benefits upon their members. These benefits were in no sense "charity. They were paid for by the member and were his as a mat ter f right. But first one well-to-do member and then another declined or neglected to draw his allowance from the lodge treasury. He did not need the money, so he did not ask for it. But the example he thus set was often embarrassing to those who did need it. Members who could ill af ford the sacrifice were loath to con- x fess it, or unwilling to do less than i 'their brethren, It became expedient! to require that all should avail them selves of their privilege. It Is a patriotic act to waive exemp tion, though the facts may clearly en title one to its benefits. There is no doubt, however, that many have re frained from asking for deferred classification who thereby wrought hardship upon dependents, and that others who asked it did so with hesi tation and knowledge that they would be pointed to as slackers by inconsid erate neighbors unacquainted with all the circumstances. The automatic ex emption provision will do away with embarrassment all around. The conscience of the coming regis trant will be clear when he has answered truthfully all the questions asked of him. Upon the draft boards and the doctors will fall the final re sponsibility if be is detained at home. At the same time, there will be no lack of opportunity for any man to help win the war. Not all our effort will be exerted on the firing line. THE SLACKER SENATORS. When the supply of class 1 men available for the Army under the original draft law Is almost exhausted and when the entire draft organ iza tlon lias been keyed up to register 13,' 000.000 men as soon as Congress gives authority, the Senate delays action through inability to muster a quorum. The military committee has the bill ready, the War Department is ready to start the machinery the instant Congress and the President say the word, but the Senate lags. Its mem bers will not give up three days of their vacation in order that the flow of men into the Army may not be stopped. We have heard much of slackers of many varieties during the last year. What are these holiday-making Sena tors but slackers? Men and women have gone to -work at unaccustomed occupations, often too arduous for their strength: minions of families have given up their sons, even speed ing them on their way, but these Sen ators do not give up even three days of their rest. Much la heard of the work-or-flght order. It is as fair for legislators as for others, and a term of the strenu ous life at the front would be good medicine for the Senators who are too weary to occupy their softly cushioned seats In the Capitol. THE XOXAKCE OF "BERRYLN'" Berry time in America in 1918 has brought a new experience to millions of persona and has awakened a flood of memories. The old-timers, already have begun to compare their adven tures with those of early days. They seem to be of one mind on the point that the "romance" has been sub tracted from the business by the ad vent of the trolley car, the automo bile and the thermos bottle. They see the sordid commercial side, the pickers who will presently be offering their wares for sale in nearby towns at war prices, the people who calcu late the success of their day on the basis of the number of gallons picked. They bemoan the passing of the times when the family hitched up old Dob bin to the carryall, packed a generous cold lunch in a home-made hamper and set out for a good time, of which the quantity of food gathered was only part of the measure. There always were and always will be persona who think that there la nothing like the "good old times." The delights of what a Massachusetts edi tor calls the "methods of medievalism in berrying" still survive. The frontier may have been pushed farther back, but that is all. The trolley car and the automobile at best cannot do our picking for us. or even convey us to within better than striking distance of the places where the finest berrle are. We still have our secrets which give berry hunting added zest. "I know a place" is still a phrase to con lure with. It still requires some knowledge of woodcraft to be a suc cessful berry picker in the long run. The hope of finding a more prolific patch farther on still lures some and is resisted by others, who bring home most of the berries. Berry picking in all its essentials is the same good sport It always was. As to the "sordid, commercial side," we think there will be skeptics. The amount of gasoline which will be con sumed in harvesting the wild berry crop of Oregon should dispose of that bugbear. Then there are all the other expenses, including, of course, the overhead, which would seem to make sad inroads upon the money profits of the venture. Berries are being picked all over the country this season re gardless of expense and with not much thought of gain, but because they rep resent an addition, such as it is, to our food supply. We are not going to leave the berries to the bears so long aa there la the slightest danger of a famine the coming Winter, nor count the cost of gathering them. DEAF MCTE9 AS AVIATORS. The War Department has disposed of another general public misappre hension by issuing a statement to the effect that deaf mutes will not be accepted for service in aviation. Hun dreds of young men have been encour aged to seek enlistment as flyers by the erroneous report, which appears to have been deliberately circulated, that since deaf mutes possess little if any sensitivity of the inner ear they would be little subject to dizziness, and, therefore, would make good avia tors. The Government has been con ducting two separate investigations at once one to discover the source of the misleading information and the other to "make special tests of the accuracy of deaf mutes in sensing mo tion." The bearing of the sensitivity of the middle ear upon the sense of equilib rium and direction was fully shown In these tests. A number of normal men and deaf mutes, blindfolded, were taken successively by the same pilot in the same machine over the same course above a Government aviation grounds. They were told that after reaching a certain level the aviator would execute a number of evolutions and were requested to record the di rections taken. The passengers with normal Internal ears made correct no tations; the deaf mutes failed to note changes even of as much as ninety degrees. The latter admitted that they were entirely in the dark as to their positions, and one said that he had been "virtually lost in space." They could not differentiate between the deepest right or the deepest left banks, nor notice the difference between climbing or driving in a practically vertical position. Some of the pas sengers with normal ears reported changes in direction aa slight as 6 per cent. ' The official statement is made by the War Department that "It would be ridiculous for deaf mutes to attempt to fly." The turning chair tests fur ther imposed upon candidates for the flying service have shown that one possessing a normal ear mechanism has good detection pi movement in, Y the air, and that those who fail to pass the test have a poor sense of direction and equilibrium. The reports which led to the inves tigations referred to are Interesting illustrations of the lengths to which enemy propagandists will go. Gov ernment officials are convinced that the story which raised the hopes of some hundreds of deaf mutes for this branch of patriotic service was of German origin. The military purpose served by this particular form of mis chief was remote. It could only result in causing incidental confusion in the minds of those who were seeking places in which to be useful, or in adding slightly to the work of recruit ing officers. It will strike the average man as a piece of ineffably silly busi ness. But the German propagandists are not always sensible, as they have shown in many other ways. THEIR DAT IS DOXE. The day of open defiance, to the law by bootleggers and those who conspire with bootleggers seems to be over. When he Imposed a fine of $10,000 upon Davidson, the wealthy California liquor dealer, Federal Judge Bean knocked the profit out of a lot of illegal transactions in liquor. More over, it appears that Davidson escaped a prison sentence by the narrowest of margins. Commonly, Ignorance of the law is no excuse for wrongdoing, but Judge Bean seems to have placed a lenient construction upon Davidson's overlooking of the conspiracy statute. In any event. $10,000 fines will go a long way toward discouraging a repe tition of the offense. Where local Juries have sat in Judg ment and local Judges have assessed the fines, it has been the common practice for law violators of this class to figure their fines into their expense accounts and go right on with their business. When the Federal Govern ment gets them in its tolls, it is dif ferent. Davidson will not have the sympathy of any law-abiding man, whether he overlooked a paragraph in the law or not He knew that Oregon was "dry" and he thought he was putting one over on the people who enacted the statute. The Judge rightly finds that he was In spirit as well as in fact a lawbreaker. Oregon will be drier than ever when the newa becomes generally known. Tour bootlegger is not in the business for his health or to help hl3 .fellow man. He is essentially a profiteer. EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS. Announcement that negotiations have already begun between the United States and German governments for exchange of prisoners will relieve much anxiety among relatives of Americans who have been captured by the enemy. The agreement made between Germany and France last April provided only for exchange of non-commissioned officers and pn vates who had been in captivity for more than eighteen months. An agree ment lately concluded by the British government contains the same time limit, dui exienas to commissioned officers who had been interned in .Hol land and Switzerland under a former agreement and to civilians. Some time limit may be reasonable lest re cently captured prisoners convey use ful information when exchanged, but three months should suffice, and ex change should be general,' man for man of equal rank. Even then the Germans would have the best of the bargain, for they have reduced prisoners to such a miserable condition by starvation, overwork, bru tality, lack of clothing and insanitary quarters that the men are incapable of either- fighting or working for months after exchange, and many are permanent physical wrecks, while the British and French feed and clothe prisoners well, give them good, warm quarters and work them moderately. Thus upon exchange British prisoners can render no service to their govern ments, while German prisoners can be restored to the ranks or can work in munition factories Immediately after their return. Notwithstanding this inequality, the tortures inflicted upon prisoners by the Germans are so excruciating that the allied governments overlook it in their humane desire to relieve their citizens, and the United States Gov ernment will doubtless take the same view. Not satisfied with beating, starving, mutilating, torturing and overworking prisoners who are taken to Germany, the Germans compel them to do military work immediately behind the lines under fire from their comrades. As usual, they built up in advance their defense of this violation of the laws of war by falsely accusing the British of having first been guilty 'of the offense they themselves contem plated. They even made the prisoners the medium through which the lie was circulated in Great Britain. On the pretense that the British had held prisoners within thirty kilometers of the front and had not replied to a re quest that they be withdrawn to a greater distance, the German com manders ordered that all future pris oners be held as "prisoners of respite." A notice was issued to be read to the prisoners at Lille, saying that they would suffer these deprivations: Vary ahort of food, bad llghtlnr. bad lodgings, no beds, and hard' work beside the German guna under shell'ire. The prisoners were ordered to "write to their relations or persons of in fluence In England how badly they are treated, and that no alteration in the ill-treatment will occur until the Eng lish government has consented to the German request," and this bribe was offered: It ts In the' lntereet of all English pris oners of respite to do their but to enable the German government to remove them to carapa In Germany, where they will be prop erly treated, with food food, rood clothing. An agreement was made at the end of April, 1917, that no prisoners should be employed on either side within thirty kilometers of the firing line, but the Germans violated it from the start. They employed Britons at Cambral, Lille and other places in doing mili tary work, such as digging trenches, erecting wire entanglements, making gunplts, loading ammunition wagons and carrying trench mortars, 'work which is forbidden by the laws of war. Many were killed by British guns, more were wounded and deaths from starvation and overwork were con stant. They were half starved and were shot or stabbed if they left the ranks to pick food from the roadside. Some were forced to sleep in a roof less barn, wearing drenched clothes, with rain pouring upon them, and to lie on loose straw which- was full of vermin. Their correspondence was stopped and food parcels from home were withheld. Their location was concealed, so that many were merely posted as missing, while others were required to date letters at camps in Germany when they were actually working under fire in occupied terri tory. The American people will not pa tiently, suffer sub treatment of, ttieir captive soldiers, and will demand reprisals upon Germans imprisoned in France or in this country. Much se verity could be practiced by way of reprisals without the starvation and brutality common In Germany. SOLDIERS MEMORIALS. It is possible that the marble shaft, the stone column and the Imposing sarcophagus will pass Into disuse as memorials to soldiers who have given their lives for freedom. The examples of a New England father of a soldier. who has endowed a clinic for the re- habituation of wounded in war and peace, and of a Chicago philanthropist who has given $2,600,000 to the Uni versity of Chicago to be used for the education of returned soldiers and the children of soldiers, point to a new drift of popular sentiment. The gifts are wholly practical, yet they repre- sent no abatement of the pursuit of the ideal. One proposes to help men to become Industrially independent. and thus free to work out their higher destinies, the other to place advanced education within the reach of thou sands who otherwise might find it beyond realization. There will be innumerable fields for philanthropy after peace is declared. A memorial school will be as perma nent as a tomb and a thousand times more useful. A. hospital will make some amends for the miseries caused by war. A rebuilt village will be a permanent testimonial to the humani tarian spirit. A fund for research into the cause and cure of a devastat ing malady will confer abounding benefits on mankind now living and yet unborn. The best memorials of all will be those which take the form of helping men and women to help themselves. The world will, not want charity of the almshouse sort. Soldiers worthy of the name will not expect to be sup ported in idleness the rest of their lives.- The Individual or community which founds a school or a hospital In commemoration of the deeds of its heroes will give expression to its ap preciation of their sarcrifices in the best possible way. There is offered, too, an opportunity for others to show that the lesson oi the war has not been missed by them. Not all can endow colleges, but all can resolve to co-operate in spirit of self effacement in the task of rebuilding the world. It will not be the noisy "reformers" who will count for most in the coming years, but those who are willing to work humbly, without thought of glory. There will be many a man without a dollar to give who can rear a sacred though) invisible, me morial by the simple resolve to give himself to the cause of right living and the promotion of the real brother hood of men. Not even war could prevent the Paris fire department, called in French "Le Regiment de Sapeurs-Rompiers," from issuing its usual elaborate report on the fires, of 1916. It contains most elaborate tables on the location and cause of each fire and the -apparatus which was used. The department re duced the number of fires almost to that of the year 1897, although it sent 741 men to the army, of whom 154 have been killed. The report contains a map of Paris showing the location of each fire station and alarm box, and another map showing where each fire occurced. Evidently the Paris firemen attend to business as usual, in spite of war. General March says the Government will put the whole civilian population In shoddy next year, that the Army may wear wool. We can stand it, when we remember that the Army also wears gas masks and the Germans wear paper. If the worst comes, we can get Joe ' Knowles to take us all into the woods and show us how to make our own clothes. General March's statement to the Senate military committee shows that the two things which wo now need to speed up are airplanes and heavy ar tillery. If next year's campaign should begin In March, we have six months to take up the slack. Posies are posies anywhere, but the lover of floral beauty will find tan the farm of a specialist east of Gresham the greatest riot in floriculture imag inable in fields of blooming gladioli. The Mayor's proclamation calling for especial care on the crossings dur ing Grand Army time is right to the point. The driver who injures a vet eran will feel worse than sorry. The panics in the Rhine towns caused by bombing are small affairs compared with what is due when the great fleet of American aviators gets in the air. Just when Mr. Burleson headed off a strike and got the wires working. the aurora borealis tangled them up. Aurora must be a pro-German. The fellow who murdered the Ital ian girl is ready for the extreme pen alty, a life term. Possibility of more might have stayed his hand. It was a flyer from Kansas who brought down three German planes in five minutes. That's the Kansan's way take all he can get When the alternative "work or fight" is put up to Mexicans, they do not hesitate a second. They fight as bandits. The men who grew no potatoes this year because "there was a big crop last year will pay for their miscalcula tion. There was complete harmony at the meeting of the emperors. There is al ways when big and little dogs meet. The United States is coming to the point where it will turn out ships as a factory turns out pins. The drive for the T's will come be tween the fourth loan and Christmas money, the right time. The world price of $1.01 for sil ver puts the "crown of thorns' Junk in the ash can. The conscientious objector may be all right on the farm; all depends on the farmer. Who wouldn't work in a shipyard and pick up "velvet" in the form of back pay? Ferdinand of Bulgaria is said to be growing worse, an apparent impos sibility. These veterans do not get the keys to the city. We knock off the locks. Oregon first again, with a fine of IWtftOO. for. selling- llaufix, HIUTAJUSBI LIKELY TO SURVIVE Race Char trterla tics ia Central Kaxope Will Fester It Eves In Defeat. PORTLAND, Aug. IS. (To the Ed itor.) In your admirable editorial of August 10 you argue ably that a de feated Germany "will yield gradually to the logio of facts' and will renounce her ambitions for world conquest and her faith in autocracy as a 'moans, to that end. Your argument is the more cogent because of its moderation and dispassionateness. I do not gainsay your main contention that Germany will yield to the logio of facts, but I am less certain than you seem to be as to what those facts will be. You assume that defeat will mean the loss of Alsace-Lorraine, the inde pendence of Belgium and Poland, the federation of Russia, the disintegra tion of Austria-Hungary Into ethnic states, eta All these things have been proposed by allied representatives and possibly all are still contemplated, though, if my memory serves me right, Mr. Wilson has once disclaimed any in tention of dismembering Austria and other signs of hesitation are not want ing. But assuming that such recon struction is effected, will it be the death knell of militarism and remove the menace of German ambition? It is scarcely possible for Americans, accustomed to peaceful democracy and knowing no problems of race or fron tier, to understand the political prob lems and the political Incapacity of these peoples. Not only are they with out the experience and the habits nec essary for the exercise of Self-government, but self-government presents difficulties to them which it Is doubt ful if we could surmount. To begin with, there is no definite boundary between these different peo ples. They fade Into one another by Insensible gradations. Draw the line ever so carefully, and either side will have a grievance and will be able to encroach upon the other with a show of reason. This vagueness of frontier is greatly increased by the fact that al legiance is often determined, not by race or language, but by religion. This is the chief distinction between Serbians and Bulgarians, and brothers will some times announce themselves part as Serbians, part as Bulgarians, because they own allegiance to different patri archs. When we learn that Serbians, Croats and Bosnians are all of one race and speak one language, we easily as sume that they should and could form one nation. But the Croats are Catho lics, the Serbians orthodox (Greek Church) and the Bosnians Mohamme; dans. These differences are more seri ous in this part of the world than dif ferences of race or speech. But if these -difficulties were over come and ethnic nations were mapped out, we should encounter new difficul ties of an even more serious character which would at once disturb the equili brium. The ethnic boundaries would not correspond to either strategic or commercial necessities. Here we are not left to surmise. NO state nas u often urged the ethnic argument as Roumania, a part of her people being under Hungarian or Russian rule. But Roumanians first annexation was the Dobrudja, a district almost wholly peo pled by Turks. The reason for this annexation was none the less a very cogent one. The DODruaja gave net ac cess to the sea ana coauj" " ube. -Dnnmonis oalfa IHliOll With the ROU- manians of Transylvania, but Roumania would then be like a aougnnui uu -large body of Hungarians in the hole. csi. nionns tint orilv to take these, but also to carry her boundary westward to the River Thelss, tnus anncxmis a now nt Wuneary. because other wise her frontier would be indefensi m. rrh. 1- Tint a. neonle between the German boundary and the Aegean that has not similar proDiems aim .emo tions. ... Austria serves as a son or. ua " witches' cauldron, tiers is a task and she does it badly. The caul dron is a seething mess, but the trou ble is not so much wltn me na s '" the mess. The mess would not stop bubbling Just because you toe of! the lid. It would only the more surely bubble over. It is piausmie i u.6 for these peoples the privilege of gov erning themselves. What they want is the privilege of governing one another ) ioor nf interfering with one an other in the interest of their would-be selves. It is folly to assume iui a. mere grant of independence would in sure peace. More likely it would in sure war. If a peace league enforced it nniri onlv be by a liberal ex ercise' of that repression of which we now complain. My prophecy is that the allies, while . :l ,inn oiltnnOtTlV. Will hesitate to open this Pandora's box and that Austria admonisnea ana utoi.".. no doubt will remain tne custom" i.o in the Balkans. And to enforce any sort of unit authority she will re quire something very ime m unm ism which we deprecate. From some-- r.r iwrsnnil acquaintance with satisfied that inde i. wmiiri involve economic han dicaps so serious that these peoples ii iob- onvthine- to secure relief. On the other hand, the sane method of f.j.iinTi ia Ha vet infinitely beyond their political capacity. Something of the nature of militarism is in ble alternative. Austria finds In thesa conditions and Germany in somewhat analogous con ditions the justification of militarism. We may or may not be satisfied with that justification. The important thing for us is to recognize that they will be satisfied with it and that so long as they are satisfied with it they will re tain their militarism or will bend all their energies to doing so. The logic of defeat will not De to oiscreuii. uum i mnra than the logio of ship wreck is to discredit shipbuilding. The lesson will be to try again and do it bMyrconclusion Is, not that militarism is a good thing or that we should ac- ;oo in it demands, but that it will not disappear with this war. whatever its outcome, it nas its rooi m entanglements and conflicts which can only be very slowly modified. Militar ism is likely, therefore, to be long with us and is sure to be a menace as long as it continues. Nothing but ceaseless vieilance can save us from being en knifed by it. I fear nothing so much as the optimism of our people in vic tory. H- H' POWERS. Sbow Tour Patriotism. PORTLAND, Aug. 16. (To the Edi tor ) Portland and Oregon are noted for going over the top in all patriotic lines. It will he an everlasting shame nH nlsa-race If we fall to do our whole duty in furnishing rooms and enter tainment to tne -r. A. tl. encnuiirmcu. that will soon be with us. Every 100 per cent American should throw his doors wide open and furnish fnr the said encampment. The Confederate encampment will do more than their part towara enieriaiums the G. A. R. men. Our commanaer, ur. Hicks, and Adjutant Gargas will secure from our patriotic juayor iraio have them set up in tne paries r benefit of the army, so they will have a central place to meet, sleep, eta The man is not good as a Hun if he won t stand by the old heroes and Uncle Sam, right or wrong. A- J. umiimuh. Room 415, APinglOU punums- Weeds In Cemetery. PORTLAND, Aug. 16. (To the Ed itor ) "Weeds are unsigntiy, tnereiur obnoxious. Cut them." So I read in the editorial column the other day. This citizen who spoke of our un slghly lawns and parkings spoke well, but he eltoujd take a look around the Lone Fir Cemetery to see neglect. The G. A. R. of the United States will probably be interested, as a great many tviair comrades have been laid to rest in this unsightly, neglected ceme tery. MRS, (. Wj B, MOSS GATHERERS NEED SACKS Quick Aid to Tillamook Mnat Be Given to Save Sphagnum. TILLAMOOK, Or., Aug. 15. To the Editor.) Sphagnum moss might just as well bo in the moon as in the moss bogs of Tillamook County., so far as Red Cross bandages are concerned, if it Is not gathered within the next very few weeks. After the Fall rains begin it will be a physical impossibility to transport it from the bogs to the rail road in any appreciable quantity. The Sand Lake bogs, where the best moss, grows, are about six miles from the main road and about 20 miles from Til lamook City. About four miles of the rosd is very narrow, steep and crooked, so that it is impassable for large trucks at any time and unsafe for any kind of a car when wet with rain. In fact, teams can only get out with a very small load in wet weather. In dry weather gathering tbls moss Is Just about the same as pioxing up bundles of of cotton batting ana put ting them In sacks. After a rain it is Just like picking up the same bundles out of a creek, wltn is times as mucn wa.tar as would be In the cotton added to it, the moss, it is claimed, having 20 times the absorbent qualities or cot ton. To be available during the Win ter the moss absolutely must be picked now. Ten thousand sacks could be filled in the next few weeks if the sacks were available.. The Tillamook branch of the Red Cross has not the necessary funds to buy these sacks and the sacks are not in the county. About 2000 sacksful of moss have been shipped from Tillamook in the past six weeks and the quantity asked for Is increas ing. All we need Is the sacks. I feel that wa should he responsible If the situa tion- Is not made plain at the present time and the supply of moss fail at a critical time for lack of proper infor mation. THOMAS COATES. Law Regulating Advertlnementa. PORTLAND, Aug. 16. (To the Edi tor.) Has Portland an ordinance pro hibiting the use of misleading or un true advertising? Please state the gist of such ordinance. JOHN WILSON. Section 3 of Article rV of Ordinance No. 34046: "Misleading and Untrue Advertise ments. It shall be unlawful for any person, with intent to sell or dispose of merchandise, securities, service, or any thing offered by such person for sale or distribution, or with intent to in crease the consumption thereof, or to induce the public In any manner to enter into any obligation pertaining thereto, or to acquire title thereto, or ah interest therein, to make, publish. disseminate, circulate, or place before the public, or cause, directly or indi rectly, to be made, published, dissemi nated, circulated or placed before the public, within the city of Portland, in a newspaper or other publication, or in the form of a book, notice, handbill, poster, bill, circular, pamphlet, or let- ter, or in any other way, an advertise ment of any sort regarding merchan dise, securities, service or anything so offered to the public, which advertise ment contains any assertion, represen tation or statement of fact which is untrue, deceptive or misleading." Release of Soldiers Not Citizens. PORTLAND. Aug. 16. (To the' Ed itor.) I have a friend in the Army who has taken out only first papers and is of Swiss parentage. For the present he does not take sec ond papers. His first papers were sent to the Swiss Consul at Washington, u. C, and he received a telegram stating that if he does not take second papers he will have to be released. What I wish to know is, should he receive orders to go overseas before receiving his discharge, although it is on the way, will he have to go? My friend wants to serve in the Army and will go again into the service, but for reasons does not wish to go without first returning home. , S. . No soldier not an American citizen is sent abroad now in the United States forces, according to statements of lo cal Army officers. It is probable, ac cording to regulations In the framing, possibly already in effect, that the friend will pay for his release by for feiting forever the right to become an American citizen. Evils Needing Riddance. BEAVER CREEK, Or.. Aug. 16. (To the Editor.) Apropos of the recent convention for pests, I am wondering if all our patriots have sailed for France. During a brief Sunday after noon ride I noticed Milwaukie's beauti ful lake fringed with thistles ready to disseminate their seeds by wind and wave. The handsome shade trees of Gresham are festooned with caterpillar webs ready to burst into traveling menaces. If Oregon City cannot spray her elms Bhe better cut them down before the Nation sends her old soldiers here next week to take notes on "the shiftless ways of Oregon." A chiern amang y takln notes. An faith, he'll prent 'em. A FAKMaK S WlDri. MAKING MACHINES FOR ARMY SHOES TOLD IN THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN Series Pcon1ern the marshaling of the ranks at home m the solid reserve without which armies in the field shoes, for instance. In the Sunday issue he VJd lads where they are turning out foot gear for Pershing s good lads. PREMIER PATRIOTIC ORGANIZATION OF WOKLD-In keeping vrith the opening of the 52d annual encampment of the Grand Army Tf the Republic, which convenes in Portland on Monday, the Sunday Lsue wm present a history of that gallant old organization with photographs of men who have led it and places that are sacred through their associations. -AMONG US MORTALS This week W. E. Hill, famous illustrator, offers a new page of pertinent photos in crayon. He calls it "Around Town," and there isn't a character missing. Here is an artist who, like Bairnsfather, finds humor m the great war - and lightens the general dreariness. This is a favorite page with thou sands of readers. Are you skipping it? TMFWS OF THE WORLD The camera clicks just once, and on the plate is a whole page of history-more than the written word could tell In each Sunday issue there is a grouped collection of views taken everywhere, depicting events that have figured in the news dispatches. They help one to visualize happenings that befall in foreign parts. IN THE CHURCHES Complete news of all the churches appears in the Sunday issue, with announcements of all services. The great Jewish holidays begin on the evening of September 6, and tomor row's issue contains important announcements pertaining thereto. The republished Sunday sermon is by Dr. J. F. Ghormley, of Rodney-Avenue Christian Church, and is a plea for the unity of all churches in the common good. ALL THE NEWS OF ALL THE WORLD Every issue of The Ore gonian contains the finest news service obtainable, but the Sunday issue, with its greater 6cope, is amplified both in news service and in features. Few magazines hold more attractive articles and illustrations, and none combines with these in unequalled display of authoritative information from every part of the world. Fea tures for folks both young and old. A NICKEL AND A NOD BUYS THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN In Other Days. Twenty-five Yearn Ago. From Tha Oreironlan, August IT, 1803. New York. The rate war between the Great Northern and Northern Pa cific roads has been settled. All rates return to their February status. Los Angeles. The chief of police an nounced a general clean-up of the city. All side-entrance saloons will be closed. San Francisco. A California econo mist suggests that Great Britain sell British Columbia to the United States for $100,000,000 in silver bullion and then coin it under an international bl metalllo agreement. This, he thinks, would relieve the silver situation. London. Gladstone announced that the Bering Sea treaty Is satisfactory. - San Francisco. The California base ball league, which was said to have col lapsed, will continue through the sea son. -. KIMy Yrara Ago. From Tha Oregoniaa, Auiruat 17, 1SSS. New York. Fifty additional miles of the Union Pacific Railroad are now fin ished, making 750 miles west of Omaha. It now seems probable that the whole Una to the Pacific will be open for business by January, 1869. Colonel Lester, an ex-Confederate of ficer of Georgia, has come out strong for Grant for President. Bishop Scott, of the Methodist Church, arrived at Salem last Wednes day via the Overland stage and is now in attendanoe on tha Methodist confer ence in session there. San Francisco. The Japanese Mikado has issued a proclamation condemning all native Christians to death. Several have already been executed. Paris. In relation to the new French loan, 34 times the amount of money asked for has already been subscribed. DOWN ON THE FARM. I klnd-a miss the trolley cars a-lum- bering 'long the track. And the screech and soream of traffic seems to sort-a call me back; There ain't a thing to keep the mind a working hour by hour Down on the fanrn, where Man Is boss and Rush has lost Its power. It's kind-a slow and solemn-like, with nothing much to say. Because you don't fit in just right with country "oiks' " way; There's never any sort of change In scenery "round about. And someway folks ain't caring much for hip, hurrah and shout; You never hear a whistle and you never hear a bell; The rattle of a wagon wheel but sel dom breaks the spell. The country dogs, unlike their kin in cities, keep quite still. And leave the drowsy cat to snooze 'upon the window sill; The birds don't wake at midnight In the near-by cherry tree. And stir up a great commotion like the city birds you see. The folks keep busy "tending to their own affairs all day. And now and th,en they gather in the old white church to pray: The -skies seem sort-a peaceful, and tho winds are soft and low. And you sense the "restful atmosphere 'most everywhere you go. But I klnd-a miss' the lumbering cars a-rumbling 'long the track. And I sort-a have a notion that PU soon be beating back. GRACE E. HALL, Two Crops of Beans Poaalble. PORTLAND. Aug. 16. (To the Edi tor.) Would your war garden readers like to reap two crops from their strlngless bean orchards? They may do so if they will cut back the plants as soon as the first crop Is harvested. New leaves, blossoms and beans will appear and so one may be twice blest by one planting. MRS. C. E. B. Future of Former Benann Student. PORTLAND. Aug. 16. To the Ed itor.) I will be a third-term machinist at Benson Polytechnic School this com- Incr term. Please lnrorm mo v. ntn. school I am to attend. ah mar-hlniRtB" classes will be held h Woshinirton Hieh School while the Benson Polytechnic is occupied by the Government training aetaenmenu Location of Cantonment. DALLAS. Or., Aug. 15. (To the Edi tor.) Will you kindly inform me where Camp forest is ''' At Lytle, Georgia. How Solomon Was Wlae. Washington (D. C.) Star. "How did Solomon get his great -nri-Anm" nuerlcd Mr. repuiauuu " " . . ..nu T Mm iita. Wn- MeeKton s who. ;-:-'" rietta, it was not through anything he thought up for himself. You know he had a great many wives and he prob 1 . . , .riiv tn all their ably lisiencu vcij advice. se4