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POBTLAXD, TUESDAY, JUIY 23. 1818.
THE KAISER'S DELUSION.
The article of Dr. Davis relating his
conversation -with the Kaiser in the
Fall of 1916 is a valuable guide to
American policy in the war. Relying
on his dentist's scrupulous code of
ethics in respecting- the confidence of
patients, especially a patient who
could help or injure him so much as
could the ruler of Germany, the Kai
ser opened his mind more freely than
he would to a foreigner who was free
from such restraint. His self-revelation
is most illuminating.
The Kaiser brushed aside the justi
fication of American sale of arms to
the allies, sustained as It was by
the same rule of international law
which justified German sales to
the Russians against Japan, and
defended German action on the
ground that it helped a white against
a yellow race, while he condemned
American sales to the allies as help
ing one group of white nations against
another. Therefore American action
must be founded on mercenary mo
tives, not on a law which permitted
commerce with all nations In a posi
tion to . receive the goods. To his
mind the same rule should not be ap
plied to all nations, but the white
must be preferred to the yellow, black
or brown. By the same process of
reasoning Germany, as the nation
chosen by Gott to rule the world,
should be preferred to all other white
nations, and no arms should be sold
to Germany's enemies. Presumably,
If the naval forces of the central pow
ers had been equally matched with
those of the allies, so that German
chips could have carried munitions to
German ports, he would have held
that Americans should sell to Ger
many, but not to her enemies, because
the Germans are Gott'a chosen people.
It was of no consequence to the
Kaiser that his position was in direct
conflict with German practice. Arms
were sold to the white Spaniards for
use against the white Americans, to
the white Boers wherewith to fight
the white British, to both the white
Balkan nations and the Asiatic Turks
to fight each other,.. But a new law is
made in Berlin to suit" the necessities
of the chosen German people, and be
cause the American people defied that
law and observed the law under which
the Germans had formerly carried on
this mercenary business, they are to
be punished as offenders against "Ich
tind Gott."
The mind of the Kaiser Is the mind
if the German people, for he has as
siduously educated his people in the
firm conviction that they are a su
perior race, divinely selected to rule
the world, and that they are therefore
exempt from all laws which obstruct
their efforts to fulfill their mission.
If Germany should not be defeated
and If the Hohenzollerns should con
tinue to rule, the purpose to punish
America for helping Germany's ene
mies would live in the German mind
until It had been executed or until it
had been beaten out of the German
head. The delusion that the Germans
are a super-race is probably as in
curable In the case of the Kaiser and
his family as the delusion of divine
right which possesses them and the
Bourbons. Military defeat would not
cure them: though it probably would
cure the German people. The unde
niable fact of military defeat should
work an effective cure with the Ger
man people, and might arouse them
to depose the dynasty which has im-
parted the delusion to them. Whether
by that means or not, the future
safety of America from attempts to
administer the threatened punishment
demands that Germany be cured and
that, as a means and an evidence of
cure, an end be made of Kalserism.
It is Imperative that the American
people keep this before their minds
throughout the war. A time may
come before the war has been carried
Into Germany when the Kaiser, see
ing that defeat is certain, will offer
to give up all the spoils of war and
to join a league of nations on terms of
equality in short, may pretend to
have been cured of his delusion. That
will be the time to remember that the
Kaiser is incurable and that his peo
pie cannot be cured until the actual
presence of the allied armies In Ger
many has carried to their minds un
deniable proof that they have been
defeated and that therefore they have
been victims of a monstrous deceit.
SOCIALIST LEADERS ARE PRO-GERMAN,
While the United States has made
great strides in the practical adoption
of the Socialist theory, under pressure
of war, the organized advocates of that
theory have deprived . themselves o
participation in the work by their own
act. The St. Louis convention put the
Socialist party in the position of sup
. porting Germany against the United
States by denouncing the war, and this
anti-American attitude has been
brought into stronger relief by the
withdrawal of many leading members
who, being Americans first and seeing
a flat contradiction between Socialism
and the aims of Germany, protest
against this pro-German move.
The latest seceder from the party is
Allan L. Benson, who was its candidate
for President In 1916. He says, with
probable truth, that the rank and file
of the Socialist party is "essentially
American" and desires the defeat of
Germany, and he explains its un
American position by saying that "It
has among Its leaders an undue per
centage of the foreign-born." But he
is too charitable when he says of these
leaders that "what is " mistaken for
pro-Germanism is non-Americanism;"
that "by reason of their foreign birth
they cannot get the Amerscan point
of view."
Such men as Victor Berger and Mor
ris Hillquit know well that their great
apostle, Karl Marx, held devotion to
the interests of labor to be quite con
sistent with loyalty to one's country,
but they use a spurious International,
ism which he did not teach as a cloak
for the pro-Germanism which they
dare not openly profess. They are of
one mind with the majority Socialists
of Germany, who permitted the mili
tarists to use them as bait in a vain
attempt to draw the workingmen of
the allied nations into a peace confer
ence. If they had been sincere in
their error, they would have learned
from Germany's treatment of Russia
that it is an error, but the Wisconsin
Socialists can do no better than reaf
firm their "belief in International So
cialism and in the principles of human
brotherhood s the only great force
in the world that can bring order out
of this chaos.
A movement is now under way to
reorganize the party and to repudiate
the St. Louis platform by those who
realise that It has brought the party
under condemnation of the Govern
ment, has weakened its influence and
has linked it with anarchists and pro
Germans. If the party should be
brought under control of those mem
bers who have been loyal from the
first, its repentance will be welcome.
If it should remain under the guid
ance of its pro-German leaders, doubt
will remain of its sincerity, and the
American people will not be willing to
give those who refused to aid in mak
ing war a voice in making peace
ir the Socialists wish to be ac
cepted as an American party, they
would do well to adopt an American
platform and to choose American
leaders whose loyalty has never been
in question.
PASSING THE ROAD BONO BLAME.
The Scio Tribune professes to find
Itself much alarmed at the load of
debt which the state is rolling up and
the "monstrous taxation" which now
is imposed on the people, and reaches
the sapient conclusion that Governor
Withycombe 13 greatly to blame. "The
people," says the Tribune, "will not
forget that they are burdened with
$6,000,000 of road bonds which he.
Governor Withycombe, could have pre
vented if he would."
"Why, oh, why," says the Kaiser,
the crocodile tears running down his
cheeks, "did the people of Belgium re
sist my might? If they had let me
have my way, they would have lived
happily all through the war. But they
made the great error of opposing me,
and see what happened. They are to
blame for it all."
The Tribune uses Kaiser logic about
the Governor and the road bonds. The
people voted the bonds, and now the
Tribune blames the Governor for let
ting the people have their way. Are
we to understand that the people don't
know what they want, and are not
responsible for their acts? Or is the
Governor to be held accountable for
what they do?
The Governor, cries the Tribune, is
an "unsafe man." The Tribune's idea
of a safe man is of a Governor, or a
candidate for Governor, who goes into
a star chamber proceeding to bring
the Non-Partisan League and all its
works to Oregon. Or does not the
Tribune think such a Governor en
tirely safe?
O'ROURKE. '
"The Lacedaemonians," says Flu
tarch, "do not ask 'How many are the
enemy?' but 'Where are they?" We
are reminded of the old historian's
tribute to the ancient Greeks when
we hear something new about Ser
geant O'Rourke. It was a trouble-
some day, or a fateful night for the
Germans when O'Rourke went over
the top, sometimes with other valiant
soldiers, and often alone.
Did O'Rourke not crawl out into
No Man's Land, in the midst of a
continuous torrent of artillery fire.
sixteen several times, and bring back
to the comparative safety of the
trenches sixteen wounded, or dying
men? For this extraordinary , deed
he got the Victoria Cross; and for
other astounding feats he was hon
ored with the military medal and the
Distinguished Service medal. All
these mementoes of the gratitude and
appreciation of his country are In pos
session of one modest soldier of
Canada.
O'Rourke is back in Oregon, to talk
to the men of the logging camps and
to others about life in the trenches.
We don't know what kind of an
orator O'Rourke is, though he comes
of a somewhat fluent race, and the
presumptions are for him; but it is
quite enough for an audience to look
at him. After all. hero-worship is a
quality of the human mind that we
would not change if we could.
There is a cult -of anemic school-
book-makers who think it is harmful
to have the golden deeds of our
heroes included in our histories. But
history would be a dull and unprofit
able study without them. Such whining
killjoys should be interned. We should
like to see O'Rourke himself intro
duced into every schoolroom in Ore
gon, that young patriots may learn
that duty, valor, sacrifice and com
passion are manifestations of a very
humble man's spirit to serve and do.
SENDING ARICRAFT TO FRANCE.
The problem of American leader
ship in aerial war is no longer one
of providing machines, for quantity
production is already under way and
will increase from month to month.
The problem 1b to get the machines
to Europe. They occupy so much
space on board ship that an immense
tonnage would be used in carrying the
thousands proposed, and the Govern
ment is forced to economize tonnage
to such a degree that it compresses
clothing in bales with steel bands.
That fact caused a British officer to
propose that the American air fleet
cross the Atlantic by its own power.
That plan might involve heavy loss,
both of machines and of men, on
whose training much time will be
spent.
These difficulties have moved Alfred
W. Lawson, .. of Green Bay, Wis., to
propose that the Government estab
lish a line of floats across the ocean
from America- to France at intervals
of fifty miles as refuge, repair and
fuel stations for aircraft and as-
guide to enable - them to keep . the
course. This plan would require about
forty landing stations, which he would
build of concrete and protect with
nets 'against torpedoes and with guns
to fight submarines. He would place
mechanics on them to make repairs to
planes and gun crews to do the fight
ing. He predicts that, if 40,000 air
planes should be sent by this route
in the next six or eight months, or
100,000 in the next twelve to fourteen
months, they would finish the war by
the end of 1919. These stations could
be used by Cabinet ministers in flying
across the ocean for conference, and
could be used in a permanent mail
and passenger air service after the
war.
There are a few obstacles to over
come before such a plan could be
executed. The concrete floats must
be built, equipped with machinery and
guns, supplied with gasoline and
manned with gunners and mechanics.
The entire shipbuilding and engine
building capacity is already so fully
occupied and the needed men are so
fully employed that there) are none
to spare for this gigantio experiment.
A plan could more easily be followed
of shipping the finished parts of air.
craft knocked down to France, and of
establishing shops to assemble them
in that country. That would effect
the desired economy in cargo space,
and would not pen men in mid-ocean
forts.
The American output of aircraft
has not yet reached such proportions
that it need cause alarm about ships
to carry it. A long time will elapse
before the American Army has 40,000
aircraft, and a far longer time before
it has 100,000. Before it has elapsed
the tonnage supply will have grown
enormously and the problem will have
been simplified. It may be practicable
to send fleets of aircraft across the
ocean by their own power over the
regular steamship routes, in which
event they would always be within
reach of ships able to render aid or
supply fuel to an airplane in distress.
The proposed forty floats would do far
more effective service as transports
carrying cargoes than as - floats
anchored in mid-ocean. Idle a large
part of the time.
FORGET ME NOT.
A pretty sentiment and a noble pur
pose are combined in "Forget-Me-Not
day." The forget-me-not is "the fa
vorite flower of the Queen of Belgium.
Next Thursday will be her birthday.
On that day maids and women of
Portland keenly interested in the needs
of devastated Belgium and Northern
France will offer bouquets of the little
flower on the streets of Portland. The
proceeds will be expended in deeds
of mercy and benevolence in those
stricken countries.
We think the people have in truth
not forgotten the brave stand of Bel
gium and the completeness of its sac
rifice in behalf of the world's cause.
Yet occupied with our own relief
activities we are prone to slack in
those deeds of assistance to that coun
try that we had been in the habit, al
most devoutly, of performing. The
opportunity now comes to remember
with substance as well as thought.
No nation, modern or ancient, ever
had better cause to say "forget me
not." Let us ring in and ring out
the birthday of Belgium's Queen with
the chimes of silver quarters.
ANOTHER ANTI.
The subject of the other fellow's
extravagance in this period when all
are urged to save and sacrifice comes
to us again today from a Bandon co
respondent. This correspondent would
plow up the golf links and raise food
theVeon. Golf, he suggests, is a rich
man's game, and an extravagant pas
time, inasmuch as it requires use of
much good land which in turn costs
large sums for upkeep.
It may be confidently assumed that
the correspondent does not play golf.
It will also have been noticed that
those who would convert all the to
bacco lands into grain fields do not
smoke, and that those who shudder
over the expenditure of time and
money in enjoyment of automobiles
own no cars.
If the time ever comes when it is
expedient to abandon all rational
pleasures and diversions so that each
may employ all his waking hours
either in war work or in doleful con
templation of misfortunes abroad,
then it may be expected that golf will
go, and along with it automobiles,
tobacco, theaters, baseball, dancing,
ice cream, pianos and all their kith
and kin.
But Just now the need for sacrificing
golf is not clear. It is a more demo
cratic sport than our correspondent
suspects. Our own Portland has its
municipal links, and nearly every
other city of size has made similar
provision. The primary Investment in
the game has been made and that has
been divided among many. The cost
of golf to the individual need be but a
fraction of the expense of maintaining
an automobile. Interest in it has been
growing It is even likely that our
shipworkers, who are said to be buy
ing most of the automobiles, will take
It up.
Golf links, it Is true, would In most
cases produce good crops. But dearth
of land is not our agricultural trouble.
It is dearth of labor. Our land situa
tion Is wholly different from that of
England. Full use of all that stands
idle would give us abundant food for
ourselves and our allies.
There is, of course, such a thing
as extravagant Indulgence in sports.
It is found in golf and in every other
amusement. There are men who
haunt the billiard halls to the neglect
of business, and there are women who
haunt the movies to the "neglect of
housework. But overindulgence by the
few need not condemn the whole
amusement, nor deprive others of a
rational enjoyment. The Government
has recognized the usefulness of sports
in keeping up the morale of its sol
diers; less directly it has recognized
their usefulness in keeping up the
morale of the folks at home. . We
should be a sad, sad people without
them, probably so sad that we should
be easy prey to the Germans If de
spondency did not kill us off before
they could get here.
MONROE DOCTRINE FOR THE PACIFIC.
The growing importance of the
Pacific Ocean in the relations of na
tions has caused Premier Hughes, of
Australia, to put forward what he
calls "a Monroe doctrine of the Pa
cific" which will provide "security for
Australia and New Zealand, and se
curity ultimately for the United States
and Canada, too, against the re-estab
lishment of the predatory power of
Germany." That this new Monroe
doctrine has already found approval
in the United States is shown by Mr.
Hughes' statement on his arrival in
England from this country that he
had interviews with President Wilson,
Mr. Roosevelt, the members of the
committee onNforeign relations of the
Senate and with a number of other
representative men. and by his remark
to the London Times that he is "fully
satisfied with the support which his
policy for the Pacific received from
them."
War has demonstrated to us that
possession of outposts in the Pacific
by a power such as Germany consti
tutes a menace to the United States.
Holding the Caroline Islands, Samoa,
the Bismarck archipelago and a large
part of New Guinea, Germany was in
a position to strike at the Philippines,
Hawaii and Tutuila. If she had a
superior fleet, Germany could occupy
these islands and use them as bases
for the destruction of our Pacific com.
merce ajid for an Invasion of our
Pacific Coast. Through the superior
naval power of Great Britain, Ger
many has lost the naval bases which
she held in the Pacific, And the island
possessions of the United States have
been made secure from attack. Aus
tralia and New Zealand have de
manded for their security that the
German islands shall not be returned
to Germany. The security of the
United States makes the same de
mand. It follows that the free na
tions bordering on the Pacific should
combine to put a veto on further ac
quisition of Islands in that ocean by
any other nation. That principle im
plies an agreement among the United
States. Japan, Canada, Australia and
New Zealand, the last three as mem
bers of the British Commonwealth of
Nations.
Such an agreement would be an
application to the Pacific of the policy
which the United States has pursued
in the Caribbean Sea with the moral
support of Great Britain. Construc
tion of the Panama Canal, the pro
tectorate over Panama and Nicaragua,
the occupation of Haiti and Santo Do
mingo, the purchase of the Virgin
Islands and President Roosevelt's
warning to1he Kaiser to keep out of
Venezuela, all were results of that
policy. We have the same interest
in combining with our allies to pre
vent any predatory power from gain
ing a foothold in the Pacific. True,
we look forward to a league of peace
which would take the place of such
an alliance, but provision for our se
curity Is needed until the authrity
of such a league is firmly established
and unti the German people have
Deen cured of their .mania for world
power.
The United States cannot do its part
in maintaining, this new Monroe doc
trine of the Pacific unless it maintains
a naval force in the Pacific Ocean
comparable with that which it main
tains in the Atlantic. We owe the
integrity of the original Monroe doc
trine more to the naval power of
Great Britain than to our own. Our
National security and pride demand
that we shall depend for the integrity
of our territory and commerce in the
Pacific upon our own naval strength
chiefly, not upon that of any other
nation, no matter how close may be
the bonds of friendship and mutual
interest. Congress should look far
enough into the future to provide for
naval defense of this coast, and actual
execution of the Helm plans should
begin as soon as the high pressure
of war preparation has been somewhat
relieved. .
Steady progress is being made by
Alaska in producing coal for home
consumption. The Government's Kska
Creek mine now ships about 1200 tons
a week from the Matanuska field, and
the - Little Susitna lignite mine has
contracted to ship 150 tons to Juneau.
A hog-grower has applied for a free
use permit from the Government to
mine "coal near his farm for the pur
pose of cooking food for his hogs,
Matanuska potatoes are finding a
market throughout the coast towns
of Alaska. Altogether the northern
territory is making progress toward
supplying Itself with all the neces
sarles of life, and we may yet live to
see Alaska coal on the Portland
market, .
There never can be written a finer
chapter on married life than is record
ed in the death of Newton Clark, fol
lowed by the passing of his widow
just oae month later. Married in 1860
they journeyed . down the stream of
life for almost three score years and
in death could not be separated. Does
not this cry shame to those who make
mockery of the marriage relation by
appearing in court for separation?
The world Is the better that Newton
Clark and his wife have lived and died
If the German general staff had
told the truth about American troops
in France, German soldiers would
have been less disposed to multiply
the million men by ten. The staff
will now have the greater difficulty
In gaining belief for its contradiction
of the exaggeration, because it has
already been convicted of falsehood
and because the coyote yell of t?ie
million will sound to the terrified
boches as ff it came from ten million
throats.
If cottage cheese were put up in a
fancy package and advertised exten
sively, people would buy it with a rush
As it is about the cheapest produced
of the best war foods, its merits must
be hammered in.
The uniform should be the equlva
lent of a ticket on the Interstate
bridge. Enough civilians cross to pro
vide necessary revenue, beyond which
a utility is not expected to be a pro
ducer of money.
You've got to admire the modesty
of the man who Insists his car can
not go fast enough to break a Is
though he might resent the imputa
tion if another made it.
That American Lieutenant who rode
sixteen times between his battery and
the Infantry positions under heavy
shell fire is sixteen times a Paul
Revere.
When American troops appear in
Siberia as allies of the Japanese, the
loyalty of W. R. Hearst will be sub
jected to an almost . unendurable
strain.
Austria is having trouble in its
Cabinet again, showing it has littl
need of such an ornament. A wash
stand is about Austria's size.
Private Beauregard, spared death
by the President for desertion in the
face of the enemy, disgraces a great
name.
Those Apaches with Pershing have
not had a chance at killing for a long
time, and this is their opportunity.
One Independence paper has suo
cumbed to the inevitable. The town
has been newspaper mad of late.
Only the United States and Japan
can put Siberia on its feet, and they
are about to do It.
Lay in supplies today, for th
grocers cut out even one delivery to
morrow.
Little wonder the Hun privates
think there are ten million Tanks in
Europe.
The Hun would better run from
what he calls the "black Americans.
Possibly the British end of the front
has a surprise in store.
Those few drops were real rain
not optical illusions.
Meanwhile, the Italians are busy on
their front,
EXTRAVAGANCE OK GOLF ALARMS I
Correspondent Would Have Links Con
verted to Pood Production
BANDON. Or.. July 21. (To the Edi
tor.) Will O. McRae't article was very
Interesting, especially the part showing
ow the extravagance be came in con
tact with affected him.
Having spent the last five months in
the Middle West, and seven- weeks of
this time in Chicago, I wish to add my
bit of testimony to McRae a.
The use of gasoline by a certain class
enormous, but If their prodigality
could be limited to this it would be of
mall account. This gasoline is the
force that conveys them to the most
xtravagant pastime man ever con
ceived of. if we take into consideration
the needs of this world at this time.
ut 1 found my popularity declined at
nee when I pointed out to them that
they could not afford to indulge their
porting propensities at a time it was
ure to work a hardship on their nelah-
bors.
McRae notes the fact that candy and
Its accompaniments are in evidence as
much as usual. It Is true, but It Is a
mall Item compared to Something he
evidently missed. Golf is the great ex
travagance of our times, and It can be
afforded only by people who have
money to burn, for the expense of keep-
dc any golf course in trim for play
nvolves two things, the entire, waste
of the grass cut by lawn mowers, and
the expense of cutting it. I have in
mind a 40-arre or 9-hole eourse that
know costs $1100 to 11500 annually
to keep in trim for play, and the great
Item Is cutting the blue grass.
Every considerable town has Its golf
club and course, and the notices at the
ntrances prove it is not a Dublin pas
time that all may indulge In; but that
t Is a sport for those who have money
to burn, for these notices exclude all
but club members, and these members
are a capitalist class, great and small.
hopkeepers and professional men. I
failed to find a farmer or working man
who had the time to Indulge. These
members, generally speaking, are a
non-producing class, and any reasoning
that may be employed to shield this
element, if carried to Its legitimate
conclusion, would warrant Incorporat-
ng any amount of acreage In golf
courses this class might wish.
No doubt President Wilson and con
gress would be greatly surprised if cor
rectly Informed as to the Immense
acreage of good lands Incorporated in
golf courses east of Mississippi and
Missouri Rivers, and the best lands
must be employed, for It takes a fine
turf for golf playing.
we are called on to give -and buy
until it hurts, but there Is a large ele
ment east of these great rivers who
only give and buy until it hurts their
sporting proclivities.
No man is mote fond of sport than
myself, yet I .have no moral right to
ndulga when It will Increase my neigh
bor's difficulties.
The lands incorporated in golf courses
would plug a large part of the hole in
our shortage of food.
FRED N. PERKINS.
SIDE LIGHT ON HOl'SING ISSUE
Writer Uses Run-Dow Premises as
Text for Short Sermon.
PORTLAND. July 21. (To the Edi
tor.) Coming back from lunch a few
minutes past. I saw an elderly working
man looking at a two-story house on
the corner of Thirteenth and Everett
which has a "To Let" sign on the front
and a "Kor Sale sign on the side back.
This house has been vacant ever since
I have been acquainted with this sec
tion of the city and Its condition is such
that an alley cat or a mongrel dog
might find It a satisfactory refuge, but
a human, never! Of course, this section
has ceased to be a residence district.
but houses are in too much demand just
now for anything to be let remain Idle.
Portland needs men of vision right
now and needs them badly. A lawyer
friend of mine who is "somebody" In
bis native wilds spent the Summer
months in the Northwest pretty regu
larly before he took unto himself a wife
and acquired some very interesting lit
tle tow heads. Made the rounds up
into Alaska, but preferred Portland and
the Portland Hotel as a lengthy so
journing point. When I started on
my trip he told me a lot about his
experiences and I wrote him my first
impressions everywhere I went. Re
ceived a letter while in Spokane, say
ing:
'Tour Impressions seem to tally with
mine, although so many years have
elapsed since my visits to the North
west- When I was In Portland I was
told that the city would never come
Into Its own until there had been a
few elaborate funerals, and. judging
by your Impressions, the funerals
haven't taken place as yet."
GERTRUDE RUTHERFORD.
Pay nnd Commaands of Officers.
TILLAMOOK. Or.. Juiy 20. (To the
Editor.) (1) Please inform me as to
the various units of the Army, their re
spective commanding officers and their
respective salaries.
(2) Also what Is the duty of a "de
barkatlon and entraining" officer and
salary of same, if known?
AN INTERESTED ONE.
(1) As at present constituted the
commissioned officers in a company
are Captain, First Lieutenant and one
or two Second Lieutenants; the battal
Ion commander Is a Major; the regl
mental commander is a Colonel, who
has a Lieutenant-Colonel under him;
the brigade commander Is a Brigadier
General; the division commander is a
Major-General; the corps commander Is
a Major-General or Lleutenant-General.
Over all is the General. When we en
tered the war a company consisted of
100 to 150 men; a battalion of four com
panies; a regiment of three battalions;
a brigade of three regiments; a division
of three brigades; a corps of two or
more divisions. Enlargements so that
a division consists of 27.000 combatant
troops and of 45,000 including service
and supply troops, have since been
made. The base pay of commissioned
officers follows: General. $13,600; Lieutenant-General,
(11,000; Major-General.
$8000; Brigadier-General. $6000; Colo
nel, $4000; Lieutenant-Colonel, $3500;
Major, $3000; Captain, $2400; First Lieu
tenant. $2000; Second Lieutenant. $1700.
(2) He Is the officer in charge of de
barkation and entraining of troops; it
is a special asslgment which does not
govern rank or pay.
BUILDING SHIPS.
Miss Portland Is the burg that moves,
her watchword "Forward Travel." In
matters of progression she is always
scratching gravel. Located In a fertile
land, where old Willamette flows, filled
up with people wide awake, no wonder
that she grows. Here hum of mill and
factory brings music to the ear, while
folks you meet all gladly greet and bid
to you good cheer. If Butcher Bill, the
Potsdam fiend, could bring along his
pards, and take a little Journey through,
this city's big shipyards and see just
what Is taking place in this most busy
spot, I doubt if he would yell so loud
about himself undt Gott. Here every
day. a-down the way, we see a vessel
dash. Into Willamette's classic stream,
with loud and cheery splash. Each
noble boat we set afloat, for Willie
means defeat, for forward Is our
watchward and we never sound retreat.
The spars that rise toward the skies,
the flags that o'er them wave, bespeak
the word that's loudly -head, "Democ
racy we'll save." We're in this fray,
yet. In to stay, "til freedom's shining
star in sparkling beams sends forth her
gleams across the world afar. So raise
the spars, and hoist tbe stars, and drive
the rivets in and eoon we'll sing
"America", way up in old Berlin.
E. L. SHARPS.
HOBO'S PASSING IS EXPLAINED
Conditions Invite Him to Work and He
Has Taken Job.
PORTLAND, Or.. July 22. (To the
Editor.) You ask. What has become of
the hobo? He has gone to work.
But the "hobo" whose passing you
note, the fellow whose "wants were
few. constant change of scene being
chief among them." was not a hobo,
and be has not disappeared. He was a
"tramp," a creature with whom the
self-respecting hobo would not asso
ciate. You say he was "always lacy,
always roving." He was. and he is;
but his numbers have always been so
small In proportion to the whole mass
of migratory humanity that since the
hobo, the Itinerant worker, has been
anchored to a Job by decent pay and
conditions that offer something better
than the meager attractions of the
"rattler" and the "Jungles," the residue,
the bum and tramp. Is so small that It
does not attract popular or editorial
notice.
The hobo has a number of reasons
back of him. The primary one has been
Insufficiency of jobs to go around; he
was kept almost continuously on the
move In search of a location where
there was temporary demand for labor.
This condition has now been ensnared
so radically that the job hunts the hobo.
in tne past, long hours have doubly
served to make hobos. By working
forces 10 tnd 12-hour shifts the number
of men required for a given task was
kept down; and the hobo was made to
shun work because of -its inhuman de
mands. ages bo low that he could
see little hope of bettering his condi
tion by settling down helped to In
crease his aversion to stabilization. He
reasoned that If he must remain a
hobo in any event, so far as material
possessions were concerned, he had as
well be one in fact and see America
first, last and all the time.
The system of uncontrolled employ
ment agencies was another major fac
tor. Most construction contracts had
three crews at all times one hei re
hired by the agents, one on the Job and
one leaving It. fired, to hike for the
employment offices to start another
cycle, because the foreman and em
ployment agents worked In conspiracy
to split the fees paid bv hoboes for naw
joos. Xhe more times they were fired
the more times they were susceptible
or exploitation for fees.
These causes were artificial, and there
never has been a time when remedies
were not at hand for their cure. There
is another factor, however, which Is a
natural one, and therefore one to which
some system must be applied for ac
commodatlon; that Is the shifting of
locality or peaK demand, due to sea
sonal periodicity, particularly in the
acrricuitural and lumbering Industries.
until forced by the necessities of war.
there had not been made an Intelligent
effort of pooling of interests bv the
Government (the public), the employer
ana me migratory worker. Instead of
directing the flow of this stream In
such manner as to Insure to the worker
means wherewith to pay for artificial
shelter from climatic rigors, he has
been booted about willy-nilly. As surely
as ocean streams obey natural laws In
following their courses. the hobo
stream sought the equable West where
in to spend his Winter of idleness. Many
otners wno are not hoboes do the same
thing for the same reason.
You say the hobo "no longer knocks
at back doors." At one time having
been an editor probably had something
to do with my later being a hobo. And
my experience at both probably had
something to do with my knowledge
that the hobo would meet with nothing
but heartfelt sympathy if the back door
chanced to be that of an editor.
I am no longer working at either; but
I am glad to see the hobo at work and
the editor asking questions. It is good
for both.
ALVARO C. SHOEMAKER.
Printer.
PAY DAY.
From each hard, flattened pillow there
rose a sleepy head,
A hundred forms stirred slightly, but
still they stayed in bed.
"We'll answer reveille next week," they
said in muffled tones.
"Till 6 o'clock we'll lie in bed and rest
our weary bones."
But hark! Across the morning air a
bugle's sounding sweet.
An Instant more and every man has
landed on his feet.
"The call to arms," you think at once.
and whiten with afright.
When pants and guns and belts are
grabbed you surely think you're
right.
Each man with gestures wild and fierce
grabs his neighbor's shirt.
His neighbor, with a mlehty swing.
propels him to the dirt.
And then ensues a frightful scene which
baffles all description.
The men make more commotion than a
slacker at conscription.
But all at once a booming cheer re
place all this hey-dey:
You wonder what, and then you know
the bugle sounded "pnv day."
W. GEOFFRET T A VERNE R.
Fort Stevens. Or.
Schools for Boys.
PORTLAND. July 22. (To the Edi
tor.) Kindly inform me If there Is an
Institution or training school of any
kind In this state where a boy 15 years
old could be placed and where he could
work for his board. R. V. B.
If you wish to know whether there
is any Institution which makes a gen
eral practice of exchanging board and
instruction for the labor of boys, the
answer is no. As to occasional oppor
tunities for a boy to work for his
board at school, one can find them only
by inquiry at the Institution.
POPPIES.
I made a happy song one day
About the poppy flowers;
I sasg It all along my way
And children pausing In their play
Would follow me for hours
Laughing from very Joyousness. .
(They liked my little song, I guess.)
I heard today that he had gone
The way that martyrs go.
Before the fight had scarce begun!
All hero-like, when day was done.
They found him lying so
Upon the crimson poppy plain.
(I'll never sine my song icaln.)
GERTRUDE ROBINSON.
CHOOSE!
Though the years with their tears may
mar us.
As we follow life's troubled road.
Ana the prambies of worry may scar us.
Ana gioom nave its sure abode:
There Is much that Is bright and sunny
-it we iook ror it long the way;
And there s much that is quaint and
funny.
In the darkest, most hum-drum dav.
And it's yours for the taking, mostly
in rose or tne thorn, as you will;
The shadows of doubt, oh, so ghostly.
Or the hope-light a-top of the hill!
GRACE E. HALL.
Veterinarians In War.
LYLE. Wash.. July 21. (To the Ed
itor.) I am 43 years old. sound and
well In every way. If I enlist with
United States Army for the war as a
veterinary and make good, will my pa
pers be good to practice on after the
war? I am a practical veterinarian.
but have no license. READER.
It will depend upon the law In effect
at that time in tha state in which you
take up your residence.
In Other Days.
Half a Century , Ato.
From The Oresontan. July 2S. 18SB.
Marseilles. Prince Napoleon has ar
rived at Malta en route home. At
Syria, Cretan exiles Implored him not
to forget their cause.
Berlin. The Grand Duchy of Hesse
has signified Its desire to Join the other
German states In the naturalisation
treaty with the United States.
Washington. Senate sat until after
midnight discussing Wilson's substitute
for the house bill reducing the Army
to the ordinary peace establishment.
It was moved that arms should not be
distributed to Southern states until
January 1. -
A telegraph line between Portland
and Boise is now proposed.
Prospects for a railroad from Salt
Lake to Portland are brightening, ac
cording to Union Pacific officials.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
Frem The- Orsgonlan. July 23. 1893.
Berlin. The Emperor and Empress
are enjoying another yachting trip.
Two naval squadrons will escort them
to Stockholm.
Tacoma. The Traders' Bank failed
yesterday, causing great excitement
among depositors. The feeling on the
street is. however, one of confidence
In the other banks,
Pullman. Enoch A. Bryan, of Vln
cennes University, has been offered the
presidency of the State College of
Washington. Professor Fulmer. the
new chemist, has arrived from Ne
braska University.
The East Side Railway has just made
arrangements for special cars on Haw
thorne avenue during the repairs of
Madison Street bridge.
New Orleans. Lightning caused fires
here today. The total loss Is over
$250,000.
BOYCOTT OF CANDY IS MISTAKE)
Products Anthorlsed by Food Adaajnla.
trator May Be Enjoyed.
PORTLAND. July 22. (To the Ed
itor.) The Seattle Post-Intelligencer
recently published an editorial on
candy, cigarettes and gum, from which
we quote as follows:
war lsa great destroyer of thrones, and
no less than thrsa of our firmly held
notions regarding candy. cigarettes and
sum have son by the boarus la actual
experiment.
The present war may he said to he fought
on ranuy. cHiriltn and sum. much to the
disgust, we Imagine, of the sturdy veterans
of our Civil War who fought that war on
bacon and chewing- tobacco.
11 Isn't so Ions aso that cendy was con
sidered to be a health-ruining dlwnpatlon
for children, to which parental consent wsa
muciamiy given. lliudren s twlh were al
leged to be at the mercy of candy, and all
faulty dentition was attributed to a taste for
sweets. Experience has. however. Droved
that It was the absence of the tooth bruh,
rather than the presence of the gum drop,
that was responsible for tha deterioration of
the children's teeth.
Aside from our past belief, we are todsy
confronted with the government calling for
three quarters of a million pounds of can. It
to teed to Its blood-thirsty soldier. The
chocolate soldier la no longer an tronlcul
creature of the imagination, but a two-fisted
iiaviting tact.
Candy which went into the war. con
sidered by most people to be a purely
non-essential luxury, has established
ItsMf today as a food product of won
derful value.
While the conservation of sugar is
necessary and therefore the Food Ad
ministration has asked for general cur
tailment, to which the condy makers
have patriotically responded by sacri
ficing one-half of their requirements,
the general public is now realizing
that the boycott on candy. . which a
short time ago became a popular in
door sport for many well-meaning
though misinformed people, is not at
all in accord with the real interests of
the country. Conserve on candy, but
do not try to destroy a great industry,
seems to be the proper attitude in these
times. Conserve on sugar in candy,
just as you conserve on sugar on the
table, but enjoy the candy which the
Food Administration authorlxed candy
manufacturers to make.
A. G. CLARK.
THEY SHALL. NOT PASS.
They shall not pass! .The cry goes up
Around the world today;
'Tls echoed In a million hearts
Whose souls are in the fray.
They shall not pass! That living wall
With mighty strength shall hold;
We've backed it with our own hearts'
blood.
Our boys, our ships, our gold.
They shall not pass! Though hunger
stalk
'Round firesides sad and lone;
They shall not pass, tho' hearts may
break
For dear ones passed and gone.
They shall not pass! The lips that
smile
Shall never more know mirth:
They shall not puss till kultur mad
Has vanished from the earth.
They shall not pass! They shall not
pans!
The hosts of all the world
Are gathered on the gory field.
With battle flags unfurled.
And German hordes of Bosche and Hun.
A vicious, loathesome mass.
Shall back upon Itself be hurled.
Thev shall not. shall not pans.
MRS. NELLIE A. WARNICrC.
Wedderburn. Or.
THE WORKMAN. TO THE SOLDIER.
Said the workman to the soldier, as
his ship put out to sea:
"While you're over there for freedom,
you can safely bank on me!
I'll be" just as brave as you sre. In a
safer sort of way.
And I'll keep production fcolng every
minute of the day."
Said the soldier to the workman, as the
ship put out to sea:
Til be true to you. my brother. If
you'll Just be true to me!
Now we've not to work together; it's
my Job to bear a gun.
But It's vours to keep on tolling if
we're going to lick the Hun.
Said the workman to the soldier: "I
will back you to the last.
No more strikes for higher wages till
the danger time la passed!"
Said the soldier to the workman: "I'm
for you and you're for me.
Now we understand each other, let the
sh put out to sea."
Edgar A Guest.
Bishops In Oregon.
PORTLAND. July 22. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) What Is the required age ef
men and women to procure marriage
licenses In Oregon without consent of
parents?
(2) Is there a Catholic bishop in
Oregon? CONSTANT READER.
(1) Males 21; females 18.
(2) Strictly speaking, no. The diocese
of WeBtern Oregon Is In charge of
Archbishop Christie, Portland. The
Rev. T. Brady, of Dubuque, la., has
been appointed to the Eastern Oregon
diocese to succeed Bishop O'Reilly
(transferred), but is yet to be conse
crated. The administrator at Baker for
EasteYn Oregon is at present Monslg
nor Bronsgeest.