s THE MORNING OREGONIAN, . TUESDAY, JULY 2, 1918. pnpTr vn or.EGON. Bntor'-d at Portland Oregon) Postofflce as second-class mail matter. Subscription rates invariably In advance: (By MalL) raliy. Sunday included, one year . ... JJaiiy. Sunday included, six months . . Iaiiy, Sunday included, three months Iaily, Hund'iy included, one month liaily, without Sunday, one year laiiy, without Sunday, lix month ... Lraiiy. without Sunday, one meaia ... Weekly, one year Sunday, one year Sunday and weekly ........ (By Carrier.) ral!y, Sunday included, one year JaHy, Sunday included, one month . JDallv, Sunday included, three months Jjaily. without Sunday, one year raily. without Sunday, three months Tiailv. without Sunday, one month ... . 4. -'5 . .00 . 3.-5 . .10 . 1.00 . 2. .10 . 3.50 .J9.00 . .75 . 2.25 . 70 . 1.M3 . .Bo How to Kemit Send potoffice money or der, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamp, coin or currency are at own er's risk. Oive postofflce addrebs in lull, in eluding county and state. Postage Kates 12 to 16 pages. 1 ; " to 3li pages, -i cental St to 4 pages. J .cents . f.O to HO pages. cents: to 'O pages, a cents; 7S t., k3 pages. 8 cents. Foreign post age, double rates. Eastern linslneM Office Vrree 6 Coj": Jin. Brunswick building. New York; " Conklin. Steger building Chicago; Verree 4k Conkltn. Free Press building. Jitr,oltj,li?!5"v tian Francisco representative, R. J. -tsiaweu. 742 Market street. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. Th Associated Press Is exclusively enti tled to the use for republication ' dUpatches credited to it or not credited to this paper, ana also news published herein. ... All rights of republication of special flls jatches herein are also reserved. FORTLAND, TCESDAT, JULY t, 1018. THE ARCTIC GATEWAY CLOSED. The urgency of allied intervention In Kussia is increased by the revela tions in regard to the relations of Germany to Finland and of the latter country to Russia. Commissioner Tchitcherin, of the Bolshevik govern ment, has sent a note to Count Mir bach. the German Ambassador, agree ing that "It should accept as a basis for the rejrularization of relations with the present Finnish government the proposal of the German government, which provides, among other things, for "the ceding by the Russian re public to Finland of the western part of Murman with the outlet to the sea." That cession of this territory to Finland means actually cession to Germany Is plain from the statement of the Stockholm Politiken, a Socialist paper which has sources of informa tion among the independent Socialists of Germany. In part this statement reads: A secret convention exists between Ger many and Finland, which has been kept secret even from the Finnish Diet, by which the Finnish government engages to carry through the Diet the establishment of a monarchy under the German dynasty, and to place the Finnish military forces under Cerman leadership; to allow Germany tha line of the outlet Finland may obtain in the Arctic as a commercial and shipping liarbor. Until an these conditions axe carried out, Germany will have the right to maintain a military fores, In Finland. The harbor referred to is Alexan drovsk, which Is the terminus of the Murman railroad from Petrograd, and is on the western part of the Murman coast. It is the only ice-free port of Russia on the Arctic, and is the only port of Russia on the open ocean in Europe. All Russian ports on the Baltic and Black seas are either in the possession of Germany or are dominated by the German fleet or are shut off from the ocean by straits in neutral or enemy hands. The Murman railroad runs close to the western shore of the White Sea, a great arm of the Arctic, and not far from the eastern boundary of Finland. Alexandrovsk is the most favorable point for the landing of an allied ex pedition In Russia, and would be the best base for allied military operations in that country. If the allies should take possession of it. Intervention could be carried out near the scene ot German penetration by American, British and French forces, and all the objections to Japanese intervention by way of Vladivostok would ds obviatea. American transports could sail thither far to the north of the Shetland Isles on a vovaeo of about 6000 miles. These secret arrangements prove that the present governments of Rus sia and Finland are mere creatures of Cermanv and are delivering their countries into the hands of the Kaiser. To hesitate longer about intervention is to Play into the hands of Germany for the sake of a mere fiction. As tools of Germany they are enemies of the United States and of the allies, and we have the best reason for believing that, if an allied army appeared in Russia, the people of both that country and Finland would rise against their gov ernments and overturn them. CITIZENSHIP OF SOLDIERS. One effect of tho mingling of na tions produced by the war has been that the citizenship of many persons has been badly mixed. Citizens of one nation have entered the military serv. ice of another, and in some cases have taken an oath of allegiance which changes their citizenship and impairs 1heir civil rights in their own coun try. This matter concerns the United States especially, for before we entered the war more Americans were fighting in the armies of other countries than incn of any other nationality. Many of these Americans are foreign born, and their native countries had not relinquished claim on their allegiance; in fact, would gladly hold them. This subject has been taken up by Representative Meeker, of Missouri, who has devoted a year to Investiga. tion. Ho learned that the 40,000 to SO, 000 Americans who had joined the 1-iritish and Canadian armies had taken an oath of allegiance to the British crown which made them no longer American citizens, and he pro cured legislation which repatriated them. This led him to inquire into the subject as regards other coun tries, and he found that not 50 per cent of the foreign representatives in Washington knew anything about the laws bearing on it. Tet important questions are ralse.d, such as the effect of an oath of enlistment on a man' citizenship, his right of franchise, in lieritance, marriage and divorce and pension. No two nations have the same system of taking men into serv ice or of providing for them afte service. Thus a nation tor which an American had volunteered to fight in the cause in which his own has since enlisted might 6uffer an absolute pen alty for his devotion. Speaking in the House, Mr. Meeke Fa id it might become necessary to hold a council of nations to adjust this matter fairly to soldiers who fight In armies other than those of their own country. It is a matter which will not suffer delay until after the war, for the rights of the families ot those soldiers of civilization who die on the battlefield are affected, as well as th l ights of those soldiers who will out live the war. Obviously, the govern ment of Italy, for example, should be content with the oath of an American volunteer to fight faithfully for it so long as the war shall last, and should not require that he renounce his rights as an American and become a subject of King Victor Emmanuel for the rest of his life. This, will be a eood opportunity for the United States to establish once for all the right of a man to change his allegiance and to end all claim of his native country upon him. After grain ing this concession from our allies. the Government might obtain their aid in exacting it from our enemies when we shall have beaten them. TILLMAN. The expected death of Benjamin R. Tillman may turn out to be a public misfortune; for his candidacy for re election, despite his enfeebled physical condition, appeared to be the only real guaranty against the possible success of the infamous Cole Blease. There are, indeed, a half dozen candidates for Senator in South Carolina, but Tillman thrived always on opposition. He has been repeatedly elected to pub lic office, practically every time against what appeared to be great odds; but he has never been beaten. Tillman was a rebel at heart, and in fact, when he entered the Senate; not a rebel against the Union, per haps; but a rebel against convention, privilege, majority, party, govern ment. He was fiery, virulent, un tamed; he remained to see and to acknowledge that he had been wrong in many things and that the advocates of causes which he hated might have been Inspired by worthy motives. An address in the Senate, at the begin ning of the present war, wherein Tillman publicly abandoned the Lost Cause of the Confederacy, and de clared that he was now sure that the Civil "War had been righteously lost by the seceding states, was indicative of the change that had come over the spirit and thought of "Pitchfork" Ben Tillman. It is curious to recall that Tillman's rise in South Carolina came about through his interest in the solution of agricultural problems: later he took up prohibition, political and race questions. He was not a politician, but a farmer, and became Governor as a farmers candidate. He did not forget them, when he advocated new causes; but it was to Tillman more than to any other that the establish ment of a State Agricultural College and also of a Normal and Industrial College In his state for women was due. He was a leading supporter of the plan by which the state took over the sale of liquors, though as a solu tion to the liquor problem it was never a success. Whatever Tillman was, he was not at any time a demagogue. Now he la an American patriot. WHAT SliOCI.l) HE DO? The Rev. John Roach Straton. not unknown in Portland as an authority on cities and their greatness, jour neyed from his home in Baltimore the other Sunday, and preached a sermon n a Baptist church at New York, and warned the city of the fate of Babylon, Nineveh, Rome, Sodom, Gomorrah, Memphis, Palmyra and San Francisco. The latter-day prophet was shocked at the spectacle presented by the National metropolis in pursuit of wicked ways In war time. Indulgence in luxury, cabarets, base amusements and non-attendance at church. It had ignored other obvious warnings such as the Titanic disaster, and its fate was certain. No one knows, of course, what may happen to New York, and there are those who don't care much, so long as they are at a safe distance when t occurs; but it is a surprise to find Dr. Straton asserting that the great earthquake and fire of 1906 at San Francisco had any other than certain troublesome geologic causes. But he says that two days before the disaster a newspaper there published an article pointing out the greatness of the city and its promise for the future, clos ing with the boast that nothing could now hold the city back from an im mediate and matchless success. The world knows about the destruction that followed, but no other than Dr. Straton, so far as we have noted, has sought thus to trace out the cause. Some years ago, during what we might with due regard to local sensi bilities call the good old days of the real estate boon, when everybody was rich or thought he was, which is much the same, so long as the delu sion lasts the Commercial Club of Portland offered a prize of $1000 for the best essay on Portland. A visitor was Dr. John Roach Straton, and he entered the competition, and won Perhaps we are mistaken, but we seem to remember that the author had much to say, in a highly hectic vein of the glories of the present for the city and the wonders of the future. This was a decade or more ago. Dis creetly knocking on wood, we declare firmly that "brimstone and fire" hath not "rained from heaven" as It did on Sodom and Gomorrah. If Brother Straton has repented of the glowing things he said for Port land and its brilliant prospects. It Is to be supposed that in due time he will send back that $1000; or, better yet, give it to the Red Cross. GOATS' MILK. The economic importance of that anciently established institution, the milk goat, looms anew in the light of a threatened shortage of all food supplies, and particularly of the in creasing shortage of milk. From statements made at the "goat dinner" in Portland a few days ago, and from the experience of those who used to live in communities where the goat was esteemed for its many good quali ties, it is clear that we have been overlooking a domestic animal which stands high in the utilitarian scale. The fact that the goat will cat any thing which a sheep or a cow will eat, "and in addition feed upon many things which they reject," as pointed out bp Professor II. M. Sherwood In a lecture last May, is one of the chief factors in its claim to recognition but this is not the only one. The milk is recognized as a superior food for in valids and children, especially those with impaired digestive powers. There is a strong sentimental appeal in the freedom of the goat from tuberculosis and other common livestock diseases. Whatever may be the final conclusions of scientists upon the disputed ques tion whether tuberculosis is trans mitted to healthy humans through the milk of infected cows, the idea is, to say the least, unpleasant, and goats' milk will commend itself to those who prefer to be on the "safe side." The high butter-fat content of the milk by comparison with cows' milk is not less valuable because "it separates with difiiculty and goats' milk butter is not a commercial com modity. It contributes to the richness of the milk and is the reason for the excellence of various goat milk cheeses. An excellent argument in favor of more general adoption of the practice of goat-raising on a small scale Is the faculty of the animal of converting into milk feed which would be re jected by other animals. Half a graz ing and half a browsing animal, it makes valuable milk and mutton from even obnoxious weeds and brush. It requires a minimum of expensive con-1 centrated feed, although it responds to increased attention. It is adapted to ownership by families in suburban situations where there is nearby pas- I t.ure in wmcn the goat may be teth- I erea. a rew goats will thrive on the I waste from a small farm; a single one upon the culls from a 'good-sized gar den. The land-clearing value of goats is well known, but incidental. There are a good many reasons why it Is to be hoped that the newly re vived milk goat propaganda will make headway in the Pacific Northwest. There are several regions which seem particularly adapted to the industry on a large scale; but the thought also persists that for the suburban family. now greatly concerned by the milk problem, the goat offers a feasible solution. Goats fit closely into the scheme of economy which is especially enjoined upon us by conditions aris ing from the war. EAST MONET. I A birthday party for Uncle Sam is 1 the suggestion of a San Francisco I citizen. The plan is that each person buy as many postage stamps as ho can afford, and, instead of using them on letters, forward them to the Gov ernment as a present. Now, a Port land man has broadened the Idea by suggesting that everybody whenever convenient buy postage or revenue stamps and save them. No service will have been rendered by the Gov eminent, so the sale will be clear profit. The purchaser in the long run will not lose because the stamps will always be worth face value, while he may eventually profit more than he would from purchase of War Savings Stamps and Liberty Bonds through the activity of future collectors. It may occur to some analytical in dividual that if everybody becomes a stamp collector none of the present day issues will ever become rare enough to induce philatelists to pay a premium for them. But it is not to discourage the plan that this Is written, but to call attention to the possibilities for a Government enter prise inspired by the story the stamp correspondent tells tnriav in his letter. The son of Hettv Green, havine been caught with an accumulation of money and nothing worth while to spend it for, purchased from a specu- I lator a sheet of imnerfect revenue stamps, which tho speculator had but recentlv bought from the Government for 24. Hetty's bov rjaid S20.000 for the sheet merely because imperfoc- tions in Government stamps are rare, and he wanted something exclusive. I Inasmuch as the Government needs money and there is much wealth coupled with foolishness in the coun- try, it is hereby suggested that the Government co Into th business of making imperfect stamps and coins in limited quantities for sale direct to those who are willing to pay hand- somely for trivial things that nobody else can possibly obtain. I Thus might the war be financed 1 without conscripting wealth or inter fering with the noble sport of profiteer ing. IS A NAVAL BATTLE NEAR? Germany's boast that the high seas fleet will soon challenge the allies to a naval battle by going to sea cannot safely be dismissed as a mere piece of' propaganda for home consumption. The Kaiser and his advisers know that, if France and Italy were de feated on land and were forced to make peace. Great Britain and the United States would still be able to make a long naval war and to con tinue the blockade. Though he might rapidly enlarge his fleet with material from conquered countries and in the landlocked security of the Baltic and Black Seas his enemies could keep pace with him, and they have a long start. Knowledge that such would be the situation might cause the conti nental allies to prolong the land war in hope of final dellverence. Germany cannot endure a long war, either on sea or land, and the Kaiser may feel the necessity of forcing a decision on sea as well as land. The odds are so greatly against him that he cannot reasonably hope for a decisive victory at sea, but he may expect by some new surprise to sink so many of his enemies' ships that they would be too weakened to carry on a long naval war and that France, beaten on land, could be brought to terms. That may be the thought behind Von Tirpltz' boast that after the allied armies have been driven beyond Paris, "the Kaiser's boats will drive the English off the high seas.' On the face of the figures this boast is preposterous. Before the war Great Britain had thirty-six dread noughts, the United States seventeen and Germany twenty. At that time the British had a much larger build ing programme under way than Ger- many, and they are reported to have added twelve dreadnoughts to their fleet in the first two years of the war. The United States has added several capital ships to the Navy during the last year, and is giving a great cxhi bition of speed in construction. Ger many no doubt has been building, but can hardly have kept pace with her two chief rivals, much less overcome their lead Germany may hope to make up for Inferiority in ships by using tho rem nant of the Zeppelin fleet to bomb the allied ships, by similar use of air planes, by activity of submarines and by other new tricks. But the British have proved their superiority in using airplanes for bombinir. and tho Amert- cans will doubtless equal, if not ex- cel. them. In legitimate warfare as distinguished from mere piracy Brit- lsh submarines have equaled the feats of the Germans, and here, again. Americans claim equality. The allies may also have some new tricks to play. Of one thing we may be sure, if a naval battle should be fought. With Admiral Sims in command of the Americans and with Sir David Beatty in command of the British, the Ger man ships will not be allowed to slip away as they did from Jutland. It will be a fight to a finish. Epread of the "keep a bee" idea has been greatly encouraged by the short age of sugar, and also by realization mat apiculture is an industry in which women are likely to excel. Its advantages in this regard are that it is pre-eminently a business in which a maximum of knowledge combined with a minimum of heavy physical labor will produce results. In an or chard district the neighbors within a radius of two miles of the hives may supply the raw material for the honey, without being deprived of any prop. prfv nf value to them- in fart, rtaej; are valued because thev increase cron yields by aiding pollenizatlon. The bee movement is relatively important in view of the casualties caused by the severe weather of last Winter, and all who can do so are being urged to re plenish their supplies. At the samel time impractical schemes for keeping hives on tenement roofs and In other out-of-the-way places are not being encouraged this year. The beet thrives best in the open country, is not adapted to slum conditions, and It is regarded as a waste of time to try to teach him city ways. GARABED. It is not particularly surprising that the hopes raised by the visionary Garabed T. K. Garagossian did not materialize. The promise of "free energy" has seemed contradictory from the first. We do not get many things free In this world. Nature has a way of exacting compensation. Tnere is comfort in the reflection. however, that mankind probably Is all the better off without its Garabed. If the rosy expectations of the inventor had all been fulfilled, there would have been nothing much for us to do but watch the wheels go round. A piece of mechanism no bigger than a wash boiler would have stoked our furnaces, made our clothes, swept and dusted and attended to the chores, to say nothing of running tha automobile and barbering the lawn. It was to have been our universal provider and labor dispenser. On the surface, it held out a lovely prospect. But what misery soon would have come upon us, with nothing to do and no reason for doing it. Few normal persons can stand tha strain of protracted Idleness. It does not seem probable that it would be happy state. The heaven of the early theologians, in which souls were pic tured as doing nothing but play on harps and bask in the light of a throne, never was very popular with those who have tried both Idleness and work. Garabed cannot say, however, that he had no chance to make good. It is almost amazing that he succeeded In winning the hearing that was granted to him. He failed to produce a model which would answer the great question. Does It work?" There Is another lesson here for inventors. The world is too busy for mere theories. Working models should be furnished with all discoveries in future. Tho deeper knowledge of the Latin character which we are obtaining: by our closer association witn me Tencn on tne Western front and are soon to increase Dy an excursion into Italy wl11 stand us in good stead in our iuture dealings witn our neignDors in Latin-America. This will be relatively less Important in a military than In a oroaaer social sense, unis war already nas shown tnat personal bravery 13 not lne exclusive attribute or any "tuir iuh, uu u it uuej not even depend upon the Justness of the cause, but in understanding of the traits of other peoples which are less easny aennea tnere is no aouot mat we have been notably deficient. One writer has expressed the thought by saying mat our new associations will eive us more "savolr vlvre," which wul nt omv make our own existence more pleasurable but will make u more acceptable to our Latin friends. It will contribute an element of cul ture which will be of advantage to us In many ways. Petrograd has quieted down as food has become scarcer, and has begun to think. It will think harder when other cities take the food destined for it. There Is hope of returning sanity, when famine is found to be the penalty of folly. An allied army escorting trainloads of food might be welcomed as deliverers, Note the difference in two men- Samuel Gompers, real labor leader. doing his best for his country, and Eugene Debs, who was a leader in a small way before he went wrong, in jail for talking too much. A new world will arise out of the war, but It will not espouse tha Hill quit or I. W. W. brand of Socialism, which puts a premium on laziness and inefficiency and penalizes brains and industry. The way the sugar was doled yester day at some eating places recalled the times years and years ago in Oregon when "mother" kept the bowl In her lap and dispensed the contents with wisdom. Early peaches are on the Taklma market, but Portland Is ahead with the early "peach" on the street right away after dinner, a soldier with her. In the seizure of 760 quarts at AI bany Sunday, it is stated no arrests were made." Why bother with arrests with all that joy stuff? By his veto yesterday the President goes on record for a seven-hour day I for the favored classes in the depart I ments. Oregon is escaping one big grouch. What a howl would go up when, naturally, beer went up to 6 or cents! The German drive against hospital ships never stops. We are not per. mitted to forget that tho Germans are Huns. If the Kaiser were patriotic as the American sees it he would start some, thing Thursday and take his "lick Ing." I Showing one s colors consists in I making a proper display of red, white and blue, and also of war stamp green, Debs has had a long rope it reached from 1S94 to 1918 but h has come to the end of it at last. Debs is not a fool. He has brains. of a kind. Possibly he seeks a vaca. tion, as this is vacation time. Tha graingrower is not the only man affected by this dry spell. There's the rabrella man, for example. If the Italians should continue to capture a mountain a day, they will get to Vienna after a while. The Nachrichten of Goerlits worthy successor to Punch, though its Jokes are heavier. Some of these seizures are real dls. appointing to prospective celebrators of the Fourth. Your neighbor Is not crazy. He may be rehearsing for the day after to. morrow. "Garabed" is a dream, but it may stimulate somebody to do something. More glee in -Berlin. Another Brit ish hospital ship has been sunk. You csn buy white flour Friday I that is, if you can. Walla Walla Draws the Line GraiKers Wrlnsir, but Not Antl Patrteta Typified by Bosjcku Walla Walla Bulletin. N the absence of an original and con cise news account of what was done in Walla Walla in the matter of tha disloyal followers of Bouck and the majority of the state grange last week. a defect in outside news service which tha Bulletin deeply regrets and by reason of tha general circulation of poisoned, exaggerated and misleading accounts of tha procedure it may be well here to repeat the salient features for the information of those who do not know tha facts. In the first place, nobody in Walla Walla had anything but the very best feeling for the grangers when they came. The public was ready to give them Walla Walla's accustomed "glad hand," which is an honest, old-fashioned welcome, this community being composed largely of prosperous and loyal farmers or retired farmers and their families. Why did the welcome which started so warmly, evidenced by tha fact that the residents here took the grangers Into their homes, end so suddenly? Why were resolutions fin ally adopted by sane, practical men. after a thorough hearing. In which the sentiment was expressed that the grangers would not be welcome in Walla Walla so long as they permitted rganlzers of the Non-Partisan League to operate either openly or secretly in the grange? Because of the following reasons: First, soma two months ago tha Pa triotic League, consisting of almost 800 members from all parts of Walla Walla County, after a careful Investi gation of the principles and methods f the Non-Partisan League. held a mass meeting and passed resolutions to the effect that neither tha I. W. W the Non-Partisan League nor any other followers of La Follette. lukewarm supporters of the liberty loan, op ponents of the war, Russellites, or those whose leaders are Indicted or under grave suspicion of disloyalty would ba permitted to operate In this county. It was not then dreamed by nybody that the state grange of Washington would come into Walla Walla under tha leadership of a man who spoke and acted in open and im pudent defiance of that resolution and that such a man would be re-elected their leader after his offense. Second eaders of tha grange, before taking the action they recorded In favor of the Non-Partisan League and its advocates. Interviewed officers of the Patriotic League as to their attltudo toward the Non-Partisan League. They were told of tha action above stated. As if In defiance of the wishes of tha Patriotic League they at onea assembled and Bouck heatedly denounced all oppo nents of tha Non-Partisan League as foes of the grange, alleging that "the profiteers who are now trying to de stroy our sister order really mean to crush us." In tha same address Bouck, as mai- er of tha grange, denounced newspa pers and news-gathering associations, evidently meaning the Associated Press, as prostituting themselves for gold, as foes of the common people. The Bulletin then held Bouck up to public scorn and gave him a verbal flogging under which ha winced. We denounced him as un-American, classed him with tha agitating I. W. W., and showed that his asinine views were unworthy of tha order he misrepre sented. After considerable careful investiga tion tha next day tha School Board re fused to permit Bouck and his disloyal ists to use tha schoolhouse. The Chris tian Church took similar action with regard to Its property. The traitors had not where to lay their heads. There was no violence. Then there was an orderly mass meeting. It was attended largely by grangers of tha loyal type. They agreed that they were ashamed and humili ated that Bouck and his disloyalists had polluted the order. They Joined In the action of the meeting which ejected Samuels of Idaho when ha said ha was Non-Partisan, and In the action of the same meeting which hissed Mrs. Wallace Williams, of Yakima, when she said she belonged to tha league. Lver since these events took place the rabid agitators have been busy. They telegraphed to President Wilson that they were handled roughly. Their telegram and their newspaper effu sions have mads it appear that the Home Guard ejected them. This Is a piece of pure fiction. Tha guards had nothing to do with the procedure, which was as narrated above. ana grangers were welcome as grangers. The loyal members of that once great order almost half of the membership that attended here were extended every possible courtesy. They met at the Commercial Club and formed plans to redeem tha state grange from the clutch of the Bouck type of men. and these they denounce as traitors to tha principles of tha grange and to Americanism. These loyal grangers have passed resolutions and written letters . expressing their gratitude to the people of Walla walla for their courtesies and their staunch loyalty o tha best Interests of the United States. There was nd violence, and there were no threats of violence, and there were no "huskies waiting outside to execute the will of the mob," as has been repre sented by such publications as Bouck controls either directly or indirectly, or to whom ho grossly and deliberate ly misrepresented the facts as given above. The grangers' convention was Invited to Walla Walla and was grant ed every possible attention until Bouck Insulted the loyal peoplo of Walla Walla. There are certain courtesies that the guest must observe as well as the host, so when Bouck offered deliberate insult to our loyal people, the School Board and other loyal or ganizations and representative citizens resented the Insults by resolution and by refusing the use of public halls further to propagate tha disloyal ut terances and propaganda. These are tha undeniable facts covering the en tire situation. Significance of Address GILMER, Wash., June 29. (To the Editor). A young man's address (now In France) Is given In pert as: "Headquarters Troop, A. P. O. 730." Does this signify the work he Is do ing? What does the A P. O. stand for? J. It signifies that be Is on duty with the troop assigned to general guard and -mergency work at the headquar ters of soma military organization. A. P. O. 730 is tha number of the Ameri can post office in France at which he receives his mall. Application of Draft Treaty. THE DALLES, Or., June SO. (To tha Editor.) Would a former Canadian, that Is, one who has first papers in this country, of draft age, who has been placed in Class 4. Section A. by the draft board in this district, coroe under the British draft or Canadian draft? What are the regulations of either country and are there any ex emptions on account of occupation or dependents? J. F. w ii-su.-. The person described would come un der the draft law of the United Statea In other words, the draft treaty will not change his present status or classification. PRESENTS FOR YOUR TJNCXE SAM ' Money Cmm Be Ulvea Cenrmsint by Purchase of Cium Stamps, PORTLAND, July 1. (To the Edi tor.) Although the air is full of plans to help the Government, financially and otherwise. In winning tha war. there la ona very good one, quite extensively practiced in soma other countries, which seems to have been thus far overlooked In the United States, so far as the gen eral public is concerned. This is the practice of making a col lection of postage stamps of our own country. In unused condition, especially of the Btamps now current. Such a collection, even of tha current stamps, would ba mora extern' a and interesting, it completed, than might at first thought be supposed. There are 20 varieties of the current adhesive letter postage stamps, in tha perforated form, together with a number of sub varletles of some of them, without per forations, and perforated only verti cally or horizontally. Then there are the envelope stamps, which are printed right on tha en velopes, there being a considerable va riety of these. Next come the revenue stamps, of wmcn tnere are several different de signs and many different denomina tions. When any of these stamps are pur chased to go into a collection, it means a clear profit to the Government, for there Is no further service to perform after the sale is made. There Is no loss to the collector, bow- ever, for the stamps will always be worth at least their face value. It is entirely possible thst some of them, if held a few years, might ba worth con siderably more. Such things are hap pening right along, as stamp collectors well Know. To give some idea of what rare stamps are worth, a recent instance might be cited. The new 24-cent stamp. issued only a few weeks ago, and which is not yet In general circulation throughout the country, furnishes tl.e example. This stamp is printed In two colors, and It happened in the printing process that one sheet of 100 stamps was In verted when the lost color was printed, making the center design of the stamp upside down. It happened that a stamp collector went to the Washington postofflce to buy one ot the new stamps, and saw the sheet. Ha Immediately bought it, paying the face value. 124. for the luo stamps. A few days later, according to philatelic magazines, he sold the sheet to Colonel Greene, son of the late Hetty Greene, for $20,000. This, of course, is an exceptional case, but as a matter of fact, nearly all but the most common denominations of stamps go up in value quite fast as they attain age, and there is always a ready market for them, for the hobby of stamp collecting ia world-wide, a 1- thought practiced more extensively in foreign rountriea than in the United States. It is estimated, however, that there are about 100.000 stamp collectors n this country, and about 100 dealers of consequence. E. A. SOUTHWICK, IGMIRAXCE. We all are Ignorant, quite regardless of our class: Through every day and every night ten thousand problems pasa That never a brain on earth has solved, however bravely striven. However firmly been resolved to con quer puzzles given: And Ignorant shall wa all remain, as ages coma and go. Though here and there we see a gleam. and reason thus and so! We'll never know tha whence and why or wonders on the earth. Of glories that kind nature spreads around the wide world's girth: The secrets of the heaving sea, the winds that tilt the sail; Of brush that paints the wild bird's wing as It defies the gale; E en power that's harnessed and at work, though docllo and con trolled And never known to fail or shirk Is mystery yet untold! Teal Verily we're ignorant, quite! But there are eyes that see The Infinite in every shrub and bloom and beckoning tree! There dwell within some souls the light and menial vision keen That aid them In their search aright. amid each daily scene; And though a limit has been placed across each path they go They are not daunted nor dlsgrsced who know they do not know! That knowledge which enables rata to sea his tiny sphere la knowledge that may help him grasp some truths about him here; Such souls must know and feel them selves but atoms on the strand Where beats the ceaseless tide of Time upon tha shifting land! But oh, the hopelessness of minds wa daily meet and greet Who do not know they do not know- dense Ignorance complete! CRACK E. HALL. 067 East Forty-ninth Street North. Injustice Kr Corrected. NEWPORT. Or., June 29. (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian June 23 Is an article which is of Interest to all enlisted men. it is regarding the case of Rastua BesFey, a petty officer in the Navy, who died at the League Island Navy-yard hospital February 5.' Navy surgeons reported that Mr. Bessy died of tuberculosis contracted before he entered the service. On their report the War Risk Bureau decided that Bessey'8 mother was not entitled to any allowance. If this man had tuberculosis before he entered the service, why was he acccepted and pronounced fit for ser vice? Was not trie physician wno ex amlned him appointed by the Govern ment? Then why should this man who, in the performance of his duties, contracted a disease which resulted in his death, be deprived of the insurance for which he paid? AN ENLISTED MAN. The correspondent has confused com pensation with insurance. Compensa. tion is paid to certain dependents when a soldier or sailor loses his lifo In ac tive duty. This compensation costs soldiers and sailors nothing and Is wholly distinct from the insurance they may purchase. Tho rule has been that compensation is not paid when a soldier or sailor dies from disease contracted before enter ing the service. It was undoubtedly unjust and has very lately been changed by act of Congress so that in reference to compensation a man "shall be held and taken to have been in sound condition when examined, ac cepted and enrolled for service." Jala the W. S. 8. Brigade. Come join the war saving stamp brl gade And heed your country's call. And give three cheers for our brava boys Who are fighting for us all. Let not a cent He idla In pocketbook or bank: Bring forth your buckskin wallets And fill the Yankee tank. What cood would money do us If the Stars and Stripes should fall? The Huns would yoke us up To till our own sweet solL Would it pay to give our freedom And the good things we possess For a heart like that of tha greedy Hun Or a miser's grasping fist? No! No! plank down your dollars And up with the Stars and Stripes And give three cheers for Uncle Saia For our dear old Link is ngnf. IKED R. ALEXANDER. 4 In Other Days. Half Century Ago. .rom The Oreconian. July 2. 186S. Rev. I. Dillon, th. r-.w Hlt. tho Christian Advocate of this city, has ar- Market Square, the open block Just east of the Central K.-hnni..... ... .Vn el as the place for exhibiting . c ui na ou lne evening of the 1-ourth. Some periodicals of the city are abus ing the commissioners of Multnomah County for purchasing & farm for tha support of the county poor. San Francisco. Stock rambling Is a monstrous evil In San Francisco at present. Even clerks on small salaries, school mistresses, young ladies with, some spare change, and married women with more cash than brains, are ven turing into tha vortex with disastrous results. An English inventor has recently pat ented an enormous cannon of Sz-lnrh. bore and capable of throwing a 000 pound shotl Twenty-five Years Ago. Prom The Oreconian. July 1S0.1. The Portland Speed and Driving As sociation's Spring meeting closed yes terday on the Albtna track with a big crowd and lively betting. Columbia. S. C. The atate todav took over the liquor business here. There win na a big central rtisnensarv In Co lumbia which furnishes liauor to rounW lspensarles. Great dissatisfaction is xpressed over the new system. Peoplo re ouying large quantities of liquor so i not to patronize the dispensaries. The new Portland llbrarv. 1 URt com pleted, is declared to be the most re markabe buldlng In the city. It Is tha lit or ansa Jilla C. Smith. The Northern Pacific Railroad has re- uced the fare to St. Taul to $25. first- lusa Berlin. It is estimated that 205 out f 397 members of the German reichs- ag will vote for tho bill to increase tha rmy. CONTRACT PLAN IN SHIPYARD!) Advantage of Roth Sides Sera im Let ting Ont Side Work. PORTLAND. July 1. (To the Edi tor.) In my judgment there Is not a member of the Builders' Exchange who ia not willing and ready to do his' bit o help win the war. There can be no dispute but that tha building construction contractor, being exempt from serving in the Army by reason of age or physical condition, can beat serve the Government by being permitted to work at his usual and customary. occupation or trade on Gov ernment work so far as it is possible to do so. There is also no question but that lit connection with every shipyard In tho vicinity of Portland there is a largo amount of work of this nature that could be turned over to those men with profit to them and advantage to tho yards. To these considerations It may be truthfully added that it is a distlncti loss for such men, as I am in position to name, to work as journeymen In th shipyards, as many are doing. Men who, in times of peace, can con-f tract for and erect public and prlvat construction work in a satisfactory anner running well up In figures, are surely able to handle without any ques tion, the rough, ordinary and tempo- rary construction work connected with wartime shipyards on a contract basis. One advantage the contract system has over the day-labor plan Is that It relieves the shipyard organisation from superintending the work, which is a practical problem the yards' manage ments will appreciate. Another advan tage Is that it would obviate the neces sity of hiring ofttimes a special class ot labor and also the annoyance attend- nt upon procuring much material that the yards under ordinary circumstances are not in the habit of handling. In addition it might be said that when a contract is let to a responsible contractor, the cost of the proposed work is fixed before the actual work begins; while on the other hand by tha day-labor plan the cost of a certain piece of construction Is never known until the work is all done, and some times then it is rather uncertain, for tho reason that charges which should be assessed against the construction are very often charged against some other work that is going ahead at tha same time. This last consideration is more apt to obtain when the work begins to exceed the original estlmato and is apparent in the matter of figur ing costs and in accounting In general. and because it leads to erroneous con clusions, is very undesirable. So much in favor of It-tting all side work and shipyard building construc tion. But in addition to this it is quite possible were there a desire to do so. to handle quite a percentage of actual ship work in the same manner. The building construction contractor has been hit coming and going by tho discouragement of all building work not essential, by priority rulings, by price fixing, by wage advances and by curtailing production in certain lines of building materials. It would seem only fair thst ha should be permitted to serve his coun try, in addition to buying bonds and stamps, in the only advantageous man ner that remains, to wit: the contract ing of all building construction and side work In shipyards and other war work. O. ",. IIUGUSON. Manager Builders' Exchange, Pie, Buckwheat and Oat ( akta, PORTLAND. July 1. (To the - Edi tor.) While It is eminently proper to sing the praise of buckwheat cakes as a good old American dish and to givo editorial distinction to the "broad mindednnss" of King George in order ing a "stack," it is surely exceeding the bounds of humor to hint at tha further breaking down of British "bar riers of prejudice" by the Introduction of apple pie to a land where that deli cacy is slready served "par excellence" and has long been enjoyed by the "na tives." Speaking of "barriers of prejudice," end on the subject of food, how would It do for us here In these wheatless days and times of international fu sions to adopt the much-joked-sbout Scotch oatmeal cakes as an offset to King Oeorge'a example for you alao quote Dr. Taylor, of tho University of Pennsylvania, as stating that "consid ered as a whole, oatmeal poseisea the highest food value-" Don't let Britain do all the breaking down of tho "barriers of prejudice" these days. SUBSCRIBER. Transfer Debts to Unele Sana. MECCA, Or., Juno 29. (To the Ed itor. The excuse, which is no excuse at all. is often put forward by peoplo who do not contribute to tha financing of the great war that they owe so much thay have no money to spare with which to buy bonds and war savings stamps. Tha reason why I say it Is no excuse is that I am in the same boat. I owe mora than I will be able to pay befora tha war is over. Yet I have been put ting every available dollar I can spare In bonds and stickers, and when I get a bond I simply turn It over to one of my creditors. You can bet they are glad to accept Undo Sam In lieu of my self as a debtor. Try it. Pay your debts with liberty bunds!