Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 7, 1918)
10 TI1E 3I0R"IXG OREGOXIAX,- FRIDAY, 'JUNE 7, X918. PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postoffice ai second-class mail matter. Subscription rates Invariably In advance: Tally, Sunday included, one year $8.00 Daily, fcunday Included, six months iJally, Sunday Included, three months Daily, Sunday Included, one montn Xaily, without Sunday, one year . Iaily, without Sunday, six months lJaily, without Sunday, one month . . W akly, one year ................ Eunday, one year fiunday and weekly ............- (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday included, one year . Xaily, Sunday Included, one month. .. Xtaily, Sunday Included, three months U&lly, without Sunday, one year ... JJaily, without Sunday, three months .. .73 . . 6.00 .. a.2- .. .60 .. 1.00 50 . 3.50 I - I a nn .13 I 1.95 2aiiy, without Sunday, one month ....... .65 j .how to Kemu send postortice money or- ban'k. Stamps, coin or currency are at own- r's risk. Give postoffice address in lull, m- i the allies are Americans, not Cana Ch':,S. "Uf ... i t: is or English, as the German prop- o 32 pages, 2 cents; 84 to 4S pages, 8 cents; I 60 to CO pages, 4 cents; u:j to in pages, o . c .. a Fnralirn nnHt- I aga. double rites. " j Eastern Business Office verree Conk-1 jin, nrunswicjt ouuaing, new ioik. vcuca Conklln. Steger bulldlns. Chicago; Verree & Conk! in. Free Pres building, Detroit. Mich.; Fan Francisco representative R. J. Bidwell. (142 Market street. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. Th AMAf1atrt Treaa Is exclusively enti tled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited to this paper, and also the local Hews published herein. Ail rights of republication of special dis patches herein are also reserveq. PORTLAND. FRIDAY, JCNJ5 1, MIS- IS THERE A CONSPIRACY t President "Wilson has again asked the Governor of California to pardon Thomas Moonev. convicted of murder for bomb-throwing in the San Fran- . . ... pifcco preparaneM imra.uB. k " atrocious crime, ror it was, ana was intended to be, a deadly blow both at the patriotic citizens who particl- -pated in it and at the Government for its apparent purpose to get ready I for war . with Germany. Many peo- I pie, men and women, were killed. Ob- viously, the perpetrators were foul, malignant and despicable creatures, and just as obviously they should be I punished. The duty of every citizen I to support all effort to bring the as- eassins to justice, aiding the agen- I jcies of the law, and not obstructing them, is clear. Mooney was arrested, tried and con-L vleted. The judicial procedure was regular, and the result, from the legal I istandpoint, unimpeachable. But a powerful body, the labor unions of San Francisco, say that Mooney' is in- Snocent, and is being railroaded to the sallows. They rest their contention on an alibi for Mooney and on the dec- I laratlon that perjured testimony was used against him. Their effort to I convict the chief witness against I .Mooney, Air. uxman, or. iaise witness xanea. . , ' r ' ' , I ininit mooney guilty. uoi-ciwr - iT - "u,c,"ur " i I vi muia.. C ..TiT lu o.c v.Ui.c,o reasons, wmca m., ,i.eu., u.a Bunt u. .uauwu Au, ""'"""' case has an international aspect, and luo neimun. . w government of Russia depends on his jiiterceKMuu. ier 1,11.0, s.uB. v "uu "- unpreceueiueu, lur . xrUcU, , m- terfere in a proceeding which belongs eincuy v " ". a. l.-juU1ua, y ,uim wnui. ai. wa oi a scaie court. sion made an investigation and its conclusion was favorable to Mooney, but, dissociated from the larger bear ings of the issue over Mooney, it can not account for, nor Justify, the ac tive Presidential interest. If Mooney and his conviction have assumed the Importance of a diplomatic issue, and the President deems it wise to placate the de facto government of Russia, there is nothing more to be said. One Jife, or death, particularly the life or death of a murderer, is a small price to pay for peace with a state, or the powers-that-be in a. state, upon whom we count for help in winning the war. It is well, however, to remember that Mooney was tried by twelve men, rres8lve polltlcal thought, and proved and was adjudged guilty, and that the it though he was .re&arded as a con Supreme Court upheld the verdict. servative. n is proof enough that he arte.l a af.efuI and lh?roufh, fevlew was unquestionably Indiana's leading of the testimony and the trial jro- cltizen, and that both factions of the .cedure. It is not to be lightly as- Republican party united to make numed that jurors sworn to do jusfice him thelr candidato for President in would convict an innocent man and 19i2 he was also Indiana's candi that Judges, equally obligated by their date ln 1908 and when he was noml consciences and their oaths, would up- nated for vice-Presldent the state ihold an erroneous Judgment, involv- went fop thfi tik-t ing a grave and terrible wrong. Tet the repeated appeals to the public to vindicate Mooney and the demands that the verdict be set aside and that lie be restored to - freedom as one who has committed no crime, are tantamount to a deliberate charee of criminal conspiracy against prosecu- tors, judges and jurors to send an in- Jiocent man to his death. uunuiilJl une worn, upon wnicn tjnaries Hi. Mugnes nas emerea is practically tne holding of an inquest pn the great aircraft appropriation. A report to v-ongre&a snoweu uiat aown to April Jla-U "l,cuucu vr uoi- led Jb91.55.7 ana mat tne total ex- penanure auinonzea vy me Airera.it Jioara was i,5J3.ij, a sum con- niderably in excess of that which had Deen appropnaiea. vt mis loiai nearly $335.00,000 represents cost piuo coiitratw iui .iipia.i.o cugiues, structures and equipment, while more than $227,000,000 represents contracts at a rixea price. . Mr. Hughes' task is to find what we have to show for these vast sums, how mucn waste mere nas oeen, now mucn graft, if any, and how much is to be paid for worn mat is yet to De aone. in tne cost-pius contract item ne will proDamy una me duik or . tne money which has been squandered by the experimenters in scrapping tools and parts which have already been maae, in cnangins designs io u. touu or over ana in rejecting parts in a. vain search for accuracy to the ten tnousanatn part or an men. jne mayiSUch impetus to the employment of una mucn waste oi. tne same Kina in the item of fixed-price contracts. The government nas aouDtiess naa - to compensate contractors for time lost by large numbers of highly paid woramen wnue tne experimenters tried to hatch, out the one Buperla - tvely perfect plane and motor.-' Then he will come down to what we have to show for these hundreds or millions. , iie win rina twenty-seven well equipped aviation -camps, a large force of enthusiastic young airmen aching to go up in me air or J? ranee, a few thousand training planes and before. July 1 perhaps 600 fighting planes. Tbat is the extent to which performance has lagged behind the idowing promise of 22,000 planes by that date. Then it will devolve on him to put his ringer on the particu- lar rainbow-chasers who are responsl ble, all of whom may be expected to pass the buck industriously to each other. While Mr. Hughes is engaged in this depressing task, some consolation may be derived from- the knowledge that Mr. Ryan and his aides are saving what they can out of the wreckage left by the old board and are trying to get full value for what is not yet ex pended, to speed up production and to make a better showing: with the new appropriation of .over $884,000,000, which is to cover the fiscal year be ginning July 1. That sum. added to former appropriations, will bring our investment in air war close to the ... v. i 1 1 1 -"V UilllWU ill til XV I In a few months, probably before ".. nucuea is ready to report. wo should have a large enough air fleet in France to carry the news to Ger- many that the new forces la line with agandists have told the Germans. Ad- other equip General Pershing with enough airmen to spread terror in the German rear and in the Rhine Valley and to give the German people food for thought through the Winter. GONE WHERE DCTY CALLS. The service stars on a single flag In one new Portland high school reach the creditable total of 570. They are the record of 370 young patriots who have responded to the call to duty and are fighting for their country. It is typical of the spirit of all Oregon, for the case is not exceptional. The 370 soldiers, being high-school students, are, or were, nearly all un der 21.' the minimum draft age, and anI are, therefore, volunteers. , ea w ek n -explanation as to the reason Oregon fell below es,tl- mates in the new draft enrollment aU young. mea who have reached the age of 21 in the past year we have but to recall the case of the Portland high school and every other school and v institution of the state ' where patriotic zeal runs high. Oregon was and is . first of all the states in voluntary enlistments for the war. Nine out of ten of the number called to the colors in the first draft had already donned the khaki. Only 717 remained in Oregon's quota. In the past year Oregon has led the Nation in naval enlistments, contrib uting a total of 8700 men, In the past year Oregon has led the entire Pacific Coast and at times the whole , country in marine enlist intents,, the total being Z300 men . Oregon first! Oregon Is always first in duty. The wonder is that any young men were left for enrollment in the extra draft. This is not said at all in reproach, for all alike are fired with the spirit of service and sacri fice, but only in admiring explanation of the facts. MK. FAIRBANKS. Charles Warren Fairbanks once toldf in a public speech at Portland, -i that he had narrowly escaped citl zenship in Oregon much to his re- exet. he was polite enough to say for his father had in the '60s made aU arran&ements to emigrate to the far-off Northwest and was prevented at the ,ast moment by some untoward happening. It might be interesting tQ conjecturo what would have boea the career of this distinguished man nf he had been born and reared In another environment. He became, in Indiana) tols adopted home, for he was a natlv) of ohio an eminent lawyer, a united States Senator, and Vice President, and he was besides a for- mldable candidate for the Presidency. He might well have succeeded in that high ambition if the Nation had un derstood his merits as well as In diana understood them." - Mr. Fairbanks was to a great ex tent a victim of popular misunder standing, Inspired largely by news paper caricature and paragraphic jest. He was a very tall man, and it pleased the general fancy to regard him as stiff, formal and dull. But he was not. He had a genuine sense of hu mor and the ability to express it. He rinrl n KtatofimanlllrA prnsn rt t-ii l i r affaIr, and tha foree.and energy to make nlg opinlons effective. He had convtctions of dutv. and he lived un , thom tt ,m n.th,, witi, nrn. There was genuine enthusiasm for Fairbanks ln Indiana. That it ex isted nowhere else was his misfor tune, and in nowise his fault. I ECONOMY IX OIL. increasing use of oil by our rapidly expanding Navy and the curtailment ot supplies from abroad, together witn larger use or the same product Yi7 oil tf nur allina Tstn f . mimI I Kilit thai f -'-,7 vn tuio wuiiw i-i-i i o mil snorter or later h ImiwucH nnnn r,rl. vate consumers. The figures of our I uroduction of crude oil in th rat two decades are amazinsr. but our con- sumption has more than kept pace i with domestic develnnmont 1 Data preoared bv the extort of National Citv Bank of TCw rnrv .vnw that the United' States Is now r.ro dUcing two-thirds of the oil of the world. -Nevertheless, we have been importing more than a billion gallons a year. We nroduced 34 2 ono (inn barrels in 1917, an increase of slightly more than 40.000.000 barrels over 1916. Production in 1910 -aratt .in. 000.000 barrels., and Jn 1900 it was oniy 64,000,000 parrels. -The wells of the . whole world, . according v to the same authority, yielded 600,000,000 t barrels ln 1917. compared with 149. i 000,000 in 1900. t will be seen that production has advanced at a rela. tively more rapid rate ln the United states than in the world at large, and aiso that our use of oil has grown in uka proportion. . This' ;is directly traceable to development of the inter nal expansion engine, which has riven i the automobile. By comparison with" our country. i others do not 1 isrure - larsrelv in the I list. Russia was credited in 1917 I with - 75,000.000 barrels, but this is practically under the control of Ger 1 many, which also has acauired the I lesser output of the Roumanian fields. That Germany appears to be makimr I her supplies suffice for her military needs is due to the fH-t. that tha country subordinates all civilian re- qulrements to those of the armv and I navy. ' We are not irolnir to be able to import much oil for some time to come.. . Mexico's 40.000.000 barrels annually will be more than offset by the increasing needs of -Great Britain and France. There is oil in India 1 and in tae Dutch Kast Indies, but, like the sugar supply of Java, it misrht - 1 neafly as well be in the moon, for we I cannot go after it. Later, perhaps, we may count on help from the Japanese merchant marine. . Development of oil lands Jn Gov ernment reserves may ultimately re lieve the situation, but even if neces sary legislation had been perfected, this would be more than the work of a moment The obvious lesson is one of economy. AVe have not quite reached the point of rationing automobile owners, but notice has been given to certain Industrial plants to be pre pared for a change to other forms, of fuel, and there should be no waste. The duty is personal to every con sumer. Every gallon of firel oil j should be made to perform Its full duty. PROTECT THE PACIIrTC COAST, TOO. In asking for appropriations for hydroplane stations along the Atlan tic and Gulf coasts for defense against submarine and air attacks, the War Department adopts after the event the plan which Admiral Peary had advocated for several years before the event. The. voyages of the Deutsch land and the' raid ot the U-53 had proved that submarines had been built of sufficient steaming radius to attack 6hips off our coast, but noth ing was done. -for defense against them until war with Germany actually began, and then no bases on the coast were provided. All of our most ef fective defensive measures have been the result of hindsight. But the same weakness marks the present action of the Government. Be cause no : attack has been made or threatened against the Pacific Coast, no provision for hydroplane bases on this coast is askesL Yet there is growing danger that Germany may establish a secret base on the coast of Siberia for submarine and air at tack on Pacific shipping, especially In Japanese and Alaskan waters, and it would be possible for raids to be made thence down the Pacific Coast of Alaska and the United States proper. Undoubtedly protection should first be given to tuos coasts which are the present scene of attack, but ac tion with regardtjjthe Pacific Coast should not be '(referred until the at tack has actually., been made. The possibilities of the not .distant future call for action on the Helm report on naval and airplane bases for the Pacific Coast as soon as the Kastern and Southern coasts have been pro tected. SKIPPKRS. The Grange resolutions rejecting alliance with the Non-Partisan League are clearly and forcefully expressed. The Grange bears in -.mind that the initiative and referendum, which It was largely influential in obtaining, still exist in Oregon. It. sees no reason for building up a Jiew machine of doubtful capacity when it has an easy running one at hand for getting that which will be of rural benefit. But re-election ot Mr. Spence as Ktate master, after repudiating the policy on which he had set his heart and to which he had attempted to commit the Grange, was anomalous. Perhaps the Grange ' considers per sonality more Important than policy in choosing its head. Or - perhaps it seemed to some that the Grange ac tion one year ' ago was authority for all that Mr. Spence had done. But there is another theory. . ' Mr. Spence, and several others ln Oregon, have their counterparts in the field of mechanical invention. We all know the type. He the inventor is forever .enthusiastically working out the details of some contrivance that will revolutionize some branch of industry, but never applies the prod uct of his brain and hand to practical use. He invariably abandons it to start something else. Just so we have the Spences in the field of governmental invention. The political machinery upon, which they toil and which they finally perfect is ready for the scrsupheap before it has been given a fair test and they are off with unflagging energy working dut something entirely different. It is a public fault that this in stability in the fields of mechanics and politics passes current .for genius coupled with energy. Quite likely that accounts for the re-election of Mr. Spence. He certainly makes a great show of industry ln behalf of the farmer. It Is pleasant to feel that somebody is working enthusiastically in your interests, even though he does not accomplish much. A BROAD IMMIGRATION POLICY. Part of the preparation which the United States will need for the period after the war is thorough revision of the immigration laws. The intimate friendly relations into which this country has been brought with other nations by alliance with them ln war require that these new laws show due regard for the susceptibilities of peo ple with Whom we shall have re cently been comrades in arms. Yet the probability that immigrants will swarm 'to our shores in order to es cape the poverty and misery which will be the- aftermath of war re quires that we shall not permit this crnintry to be swamped with alien elements. . Also the dangers of an un Americanized alien population, .to which the war has called our atten tion, give warning that Americanlza tion must be considered in connection with immigration. In fact, we need a- general policy by which desirable Immigrants. will be admitted and will become American citizens la spirit a well as in form, while the undesirable will be excluded or will be admitted in such small numbers that they can be trained for citizenship and will not be an evil beyond cure. All this should be done without wounding any nation- by discrimination against It. A policy which would accomplish all of these purposes, some of them seemingly in hopeless conflict, may appear Impossible, but the general outlines have been thought out by Rev. Sidney Gulick. . a missionary o wide experience in the Orient, and ln several pamphlets he "has formulated a plan which- deserves commenda tion. He proposes that immigration in any. year from any country be limited' to 5 per cent of the number of naturalised males of that nation, plus the American-born children of naturalized citizens from the same nation. All aliens would be required to register yearly, paying a fee of $10 and would be encouraged to educate themselves for citizenship ln school established for the purpose and by a reduction of 31 in the fee on pasain each of six examinations, three ln English, one each in history of the American people, methods of Ameri can government and ideals of democ racy. Citizenship would be granted only to those who had passed the ex amlnations either in the five years of probation or afterward and whose behavior had been good. All who remained alien residents after pass ing the examinations would continue to pay $4 a year until they became citizens and those who.' remained so without passing the examinations would pay $10 a year. This plan has the merit of admit ting the largest number of immigrants from those countries whose people ha-e proved most willing to become Americans and have also proved most desirable in every respect. Figures taken from the census reports show that automatically immigration of the character which has proved least desirable would be largely decreased, while That of the most desirable char, acter could be largely increased. The need of restriction on those who per sist in remaining foreigners and of tn- ducement to citizenship la 'shown by the fact that out of 6,942,000 foreign born males twenty-one years of age an'd over in 1910, 3,221,000 were still aliens, but the division xt these aliens among various nationalities Is most significant. From Great Britain 770,000 had be come citizens and 449,000 remained British; from. Germany 889,000 had been naturalized and 38 9,000 re mained aliens; But from Austria there were only 149.000 citizens to 460,000 aliens; from Hungary 36.000 citizens to 219,000 aliens; from Rus sia 192,000 citizens to 846.000 aliens; and from Italy 126.000 citizens to 68 6,000 aliens. - Many of these aliens are not immigrants in the sense of people who have come to live per manently In the United States: they are merely migratory laborers who have come to make enough money in a few years to return to their native country and llva.ln comparative com fort. - - Under the five per cent plan the number of immigrants . from those countries which have a larger, num ber of naturalized than alien residents in the United States could be , in creased, while 'the number from coun tries -with regard to which, the situa tion is reversed would be vastly de creased. In the former class are Bul garians, Serbians, Montenegrins, Kng lish. Dutch, Finnish, French, Ger mans, Jews. Irish. Scandinavians. Scotch and Welsh. In the latter class are Bohemians. Croats, Slovenes, Chi nese, Cubans, Greeks, Italians, Japa nese, Magyars, Mexicans, Poles, Por tuguese, Roumanians. Russians, Span iards, Syrians and Turks. A particularly good effect of this plan would be reduction In the num ber of Chinese and Japanese immi grants, yet accompanied by removal of discrimination against those na tionalities, which is the sole cause of friction with them. The number of male . Japanese - admissible yearly would be fifty per cent less than have actually been admitted on the average during the five years ending in 1915, while the annual number of Chinese would be reduced from 15S6 to 1106. Though those who wereadmltted would be eligible for citizenship, they would be so few as to present no - social problems and as not to affect labor conditions. But the chief advantage would be that Japanese and Chinese would-be put on an equality with other nations and the ground of their objection to the present laws would bo removed. As a matter- of National policy this is most desirable, for our relations with Japan and China are destined to become closer and the stigma of inferiority which is now put upon them would be a constant source of irritation. . . The present time . la not too early for discussion of a policy of immigra tion and Americanization, for the sub ject will surely arise when the nations meet ln a world .congress after the war. - Unless our representatives at that gathering are prepared to put - for ward a policy which is to be applica ble to all nations and founded .on a broad principle which they can suc cessfully defend, they are likely to be seriously embarrassed in dealing "with the other nations and in securing adoption of Amerloan policy on other momentous -questions which must then be decided. "With less than 10,000 nurses in the Army service and 24,000 needed be fore the end of 1918, the general staff is considering means of supplying the deficiency quickly. The readiest means has been proposed by the head of the Army Nurse Corps and approved by Miss Delano, head of the Red Cross nurses.- It is to organize classes of women of good - education, sound health and character and give them three months' training as . aids to nurses. Another plan is to organize in the universities courses for girls of high- school education, give them twelve months' training and put them into the hospital service, but it would not provide nurses till 1919. Fourteen new destroyers have been named after American naval officers, moat of whom were killed ln action, twelve of them in the War of 18 IX. one in the Civil War and one in the Spanish War. One is Sergeant-Major William Anthony, of the Marine Corps. who won commendation 'for his sol dierly conduct on tha occasion of the sinking of the Maine. It is in a sense gratifying t know the renaming fever stopped short of Llebe street. Some of the best citi zens of this land have German names. although, for that matter, many ot the worst have them; but one who lived a useful life in this community and has been given a slight honor is not to be discredited when he has passed. Other counties can with profit follow Union -in holding stock shows independent of fairs. This Is more a city idea than- county. Ri valry in the stock ring is bound to produce better blood, and the better that is the bigger and better the beef. Alaska claims to lead the Twelfth District in subscriptions to the third liberty loan, having oversubscribed her quota by 240 per cent. It seems that the farther away Americans are from the scene of the war the more fervent is their patriotism. Deputy City Attorney Stadter is go ing to put an end to "mashing" by vigorous prosecutions. Any husband who makes over the face of a masher knows what to expect. By devoting window space for dis play of curios of all nations, the big stores favor people who otherwise would miss many treats. A descendant of Robinson Crusoe is in the American Navy, but Noah "has them all skinned" in the matter of service flags. Are the bathing places fixed for the boys? Boys will swln and none must be lostr Girls, too. It la an act of real generosity to give anybody the lemon these days. During these war days men recall the .wasteful days of their youth. If you are thinking of Ice rather than coal, reverse, A Line o Type or Two. Hew to the Lino. Let the Qln Fall Where They Hay. BT B. L. T. . The delectable season Is here when persons are to be seen carrying coats and collars In hand and larding the lean earth as they walk along. It may J have been, these that provoked the late wlUam Winter to refer to "the prole tarians who make the world almost un inhabitable by their vulgarity." . Self-Immolation. "Tea" said the Colonel. "It was a great and a pleasant surprise. Mr. Taft learned I was here and came to see rat" Punctuation was vexation to the he remarked, on finding that his edi tion of the Vulgate teemed with er rors,, although he had superintended every page of its printing, and had prefixed the volume with a bull ax- communicating all printers that should dare to alter the work in future edi tions. And "What's the -use?" Queried the author - of "Religion and Learning," who found so many bulls in his now forgotten folio that ho declared. "It is no easy task to specify tha chiefest errata," and watered the work: with tears. And, as Antony observed to Cleo patra, while they sipped a lemonade, "Punctuation Is the thief of time." Aaaemltlea. From the Little Koek Gazette. .The candidates for Representative In Baxter County spoke at this place last night. There are five in the race, a preacher, a merchant. & Justice of the peace, a school teacher and a restau rant keeper. In bla speech ln which he pleaded for the support of the peo ple, tha justice of the peace stated that his opponent, the merchant, reminded him of the first well ha dug he was so crooked. Tha merchant ln rebuttal did not deny the fact, but stated that his opponent was so crooked that It would not be necessary to dig a grave to bury him. since he could be Interred by simply screwing him into the ground like a corkscrew. , It Is conceded that tha Tanks have not had so much military training as tha Teuta. They have not learned the useful word "Kamerad." and they have only one set of buttons on their pants. Hat. to balance those deficiencies, they don't hava to sit down and look through a book of rules when things go wrong, nor are they as dependent on their of ficers as a baby on Its nurse. How ever, tha Germans will become thor oughly acquainted with the Yanks in due season. "Edgar Jepson. whoever he Is," sniffs Dr. Rascoe. ' 6top your sniffing. Doc. Jepson has written a dozen or so novels, and la a very well known person In the llt'ry world. Moreover, his phrase, "plorp-eyed bungaroo." is all to the good. We're strong for Jep son. A Milwaukee alienist discoursed at Waukesha of "hysterical automatism." which perhaps has something to do with an automatic pistol. The introducing of whale flesh as an article ot food reminds a Bostonlan that one of the poets has spoken or the whale, and he quotes The whale, the whale, the mighty and free. I the monarch and pride of the deep. deep sea. But other poets have spokan of the big fish, notably Job. who asked. Canst thou draw out Leviathan with an hook?" and Davenant wrote: His hook he baited with a dragon's tall And then on rock be stood to bob for whale." Cos Is la for mm Awful Trimming. From the Marengo, la.. Sentinel. Ve have a long letter from Mr. Gus Miller, tha West Amana storekeeper who tried to sue one of the soldier boys on the eve of his departure for an in significant amount. We have not the time nor the space this week to give his letter the proper amount of atten tion. But If Miller will wait till we have the time his letter win receive the attention necessary to give him the airing he seems to be wanting. "Lo-vr- visibility marks Schumann, Schubert and Brahms songs on our vo cal programmes, but pianists continue to perform those masters. We confess we are puzzled by the distinction." Leonard Liebling. Elementary, my dear Leonard. It is die schonste Lengevitch that Jars. The sound ot It has become obnoxious, and when one Inadvertently lets fall a Ger man phrase be hastens to apologise tor the lapse. Our ultimate conception, enlarged 600 diameters, of nothing to brood over Is the whereabouts of Kerensky, the quondam Big Bensky of Russia. Be sides, the B. B. people say that Keren- sky was a false alarm. The Inspired Reporter. From the Charles City. Ia.. Precs. He has been a member of the House of Representatives four years and a member of the Senate four years. Aside from this. Mr. Enger Is a high type of gentleman and an honorable, upright cltisen. "Mrs. Dines' unexpected return alg nalized tha breaking off of relations and a suit for divorce was filed In Jan uary. Both had separated a number of times." Denver Post. Thus refuting the popular notion that it takes two to make a separation. Gladys) N Lbkt Lne. From tha Philadelphia Record. Announcement waa made today of the marriage of Miss Gladys Luce. Mahanoy township school teacher, to Corporal Marvin Jones, . Sea-optes the Tarkea Observatory. . From the Stevens Point Journal. Residents of Wisconsin will have an opportunity to witness a total eclipse of the sun on the afternoon of June 8. The eclipse may be seen from 1:30 until sundown and. according to authorities, the moon and sun, one on each side of the earth, will pass each other some time during that period. Barring the facts that the total eclipse will not be visible in Wisconsin that It lasts only two minutes or less and that the earth is not between the sun and the moon, the Information pur reyed by the Stevens Point paper is almost painfully accurate. The Beat Time to Hear Rrlnald la on Taeaday. From the Milwaukee Sentinel. Relnald Werrenrath's first appear ance waa with Mm. Geraldtne Karrar In concert, when Milwaukee recognized hlrn as among the first baritones ln American on Tuesday. She Never Mlaaea. From a- church paper. Why I attend prayer meeting. , To roe the Prayer Meeting Is an excellent carbon remover for the heart, and as Johnson's Carbon Remover Is for our machines, so Is the Glendale Presbyte rian Prayer Meeting for me. Mary 1L Wilkin. Ever Happen to Teat Sir: If this ever happened to anyone else well, there must bo another ca like mine. I asked her to lean out and see If tha tire waa flat. "Not enough to hurt." she reported. "It's Just flat on the lower side. Hack. THROWING TOOL INTO MACHINERY Why the Rev. Ilooser's Criticisms Have That Aspect Told by Sir. CharrhllU PORTLAND, June. (To the Editor.) Rev. Myron L. Booxer. of Grants Pass, Is again quoted ln The Oregonian on the use of foodstuffs ln beer. He has greatly revised the tone of his last week's protest against wheat saving, and with much that he says this time I am quite ln harmony. But while .he now acquiesces in the great need for wheat saving, he makes certalu other misstatements ot fact which cannot but confuse the public mind. The great cause of prohibition does not gain anything by inaccuracy, no matter how Inadvertent. First, In answer to my Inquiry, I am advised from Washington that no sugar whatever is used In beer making. I think a little investigation will satisfy him of that. Beer Is made of hops and barley. Yet he Is quoted as making the remarkable statement that in the next two months "the brewer will waste 19.600.000 tons of sugar and sugar sub stitutes (what he means by sugar sub stitutes I do not know). Why, the en tire annual consumption of suKar in the United States for a whole year for all purposes is less than 3,000.000 tons. I am not familiar with the other figures ne quotes. They do not deal with food. But his sugar statement does not in crease one s confidence In his re liability as a statistician.. He closes with an appeal that the Food Administration shall stop the use of "barley, corn, rye and sugar, used in fermented liquors, for the next two months." If he had read either the newspapers or the food law he would know that no fermented or distilled liquors have been permitted to be manufactured since August 10. 1917, when the Food Administration bill be came a law. nor any corn, rye or other foodstuffs to be manufactured into these. So far as the barley used In malt liq uors (beer) Is concerned. I stated last week that what the brewers were still permitted to obtain had probably al ready long since all been turned Into malt, ko that so far as-tha period be tween now and harvest Is concerned, Mr. Boozer's appeal is already an swered. I am not familiar with all the rea sons which the President of the United States may have for not absolutely stopping last Kali the use of any bar ley ln beer. I do know two of these. He had a tremendous responsibility ln keeping contented and at work loyally vast numbers of workers In munition plants, shipyards and other essential Industries. Their enthusiastic backing of the war has come only gradually. Many millions were of foreign training. He doubtless felt they mia-ht regard the deprivation of their light beers as an unwarranted Interference. At that critical moment I assume he may have felt It dangerous to take the chance. As a prohlbltionlat. I might have taken It. but 1 should certainly have felt a grave risk ' in doing so Just at that Juncture. It may be by now that sen timent nas so rar oeen modified that It would be safe. But I am wllllnsr to rust both the patriotism and the judg ment of the President. And ln anv vent It can make no difference be tween now and harvest. There Is a second reason that the Prealdent undoubtedly had. I discussed that laat week, but It seems to have escaped Mr. Boozer's not.ee. There la three years' whisky supply In the country, manufactured previous to Au gust iv. laat. Until the countrv can dopt National prohibition (which pan scarcely nappen for a year yet) It would be most dangerous, from the prohibitionists' own standpoint, to cut on tne manufacture of beer and throw tne Deer-drlnklng population over to a whisky basis. I doubt If Rev. Mr. Booser himself would approve that. o the .President has cnmnllH tha brewers to reduce the alcoholic content or Deer to 1 per cent (almost a nun intoxicating standard) and has rerinrArl them to 70 per cent of their last year's use of barley. I hope to see the dav come when even, though barley is not an essential roodsturf, not a pound of It shall go to such a use. But I m nnt blind to the complications that would attena sucn a course Just at nmrnt Meantime may I suara-est that. whll. rtev. Air. Boozer asserts most vigorously his Intention to support the wheat saving programme loyally, his public contributions on the suhlert in ihi. hour of grave danger are bound to have a reverse etrect In confusing many peo .. ,,. uo utiier to address such communications to the P,ih,im or Congress, who alone have Dower ta act. rimer man to throw them sensa nonauy into the wheat-saving ma chlnery? ARTHUR M. CHURCHILL. State Chairman Food Conservation. Riddance of Tomato Peat. RAINIER. Or.. June (T x-T. itor.j ti do you know hnw t rf stroy a small black bug or gnat that a turns- my oeet leaves and killing my tomato plants? I do not know wnat mey are called, but I have a. them on the tomato plants and thv eat the leaves off them. tl Is there a law In effect now that a fisherman cannot take hln nu-n u-ir. or family in his own boat without be ing- suoject to a Heavy fine? Going out over the "drift" with my husband Is one tning mat i really enjoy on a warm evening ana I win De very much dis ppolnted to learn that It Is not ner mltted. MRS. v. (1) Write to extension department Oregon Agricultural College, Corval lis. Or., giving as complete description aa possible. (2) We know of no law which would porhlblt you from riding In your hus band's fishing boat. Classification Moat Stand. RICHFIELD. Idaho. June 4. (To the Editor.) When I made out my quea tionnaire i entered no claim exemption and was placed ln class I. One of my eyes is very poor, but I was assured by the doctor that I would pasa. Since then I have tried to enlist, but have been rejectced because of my eyes. tin iney Keep me in Class 17 it 1 ko lose my Job and get turned down when I go to camp. A READER. If you made no request to be sent before tho medical advisory board, or If so and you did not appeal to th district board from the final decision, your case is closed now so far as th local board Is concerned, and yo doubtless will be sent to camp ln du time. You bave a poor stick of an am ployer if he will not bold your job ope for you. Where to Learn of Shipyards Jobs. LA CROSSE, Wash., June 5. (To the Edieor.) Pleasa tell me just how a person must go about getting into the shipyards and what tho wages are. I am an experienced mechanic and have woorked quite a Rood deal ln carpenter work and can offer good, references. I am a married man with a family, so would like to know if there are houses to rent near the work. A SUBSCRIBER. Communicate with U. S. Employment Service, 247 Davis street. Portland. This Is a Government agency. Statu Chanaxo Mnst Be Reported. PORTLAND. June 8. (To the Ed itor.) Please state what the statua of a man Is and what he should do who was married at time of answering questionnaire, but a widower now, with no dependents, and within the draft age? A WORKER. He should report hia changed condi tion to bis local board immediately. In Other Days. Twenty-five, Years Ago, (From The Oresoatan June T. 1SP3.) Washinrton. Tha Russian extradi tion treaty has at last been formally proclaimed. It Is similar in scope to all treaties negotiated by this country in recent years. New Tork. America's great trage dian. Edwin Booth, passed away this morning at 1:15 o'clock. The end was very painful. Dr. Brlggs. ln a letter to be published In the New York Evangelist, the finst accepted expression since he was sus pended for heresy, will say that no one should feel obliged to retire from the Presbyterian Church on account of the decision of the assembly. On tho other hand, they should assert themselves and try to "rectify tha damage." Spokane Three mors good banks have closed their doors. They are the Washington National, tha Washington Savings and the Citizens' National. The members ot the Portland Rowing Club have been making much sport of their rival?, the Wlllamettes. on ac count of the report that tho senior four-oared shell crew of the latter up set their boat while rowing a few days ago. Tha Willamettes have coma out with an explanation that It was for no lack of skill, but duo to soma affection of a water-tight compartment. ECLIPSE IN AXCIEXT LITERATI" RH Earliest Record la Konnal la Chinese Clasala of 313 B. C. DALLAS. Or.. Juno . (To the Edi tor.) Tlio approachina solar eclipse Is attracting mora than usual attontlon in this section ot country Just now, be cause one of the finest scientific view points within the 65-mile wide belt of the eclipse zone Is located at a certain geographical point in the Pacific Northwest, namely. Baker, Or. Hero he savants of astronomy are congre gating and putting in place the latest improved Instruments for observing tho bttutlful but mysterious corona. The solar eclipse has in all ages aroused both the superstitious fear of he Ignorant and awakened tho rever ent awe of the thoughtful. When tho dark shadow begins to creep over tho ace of tha sun even thlnkinar men stand In awe of the unusual phenom enon, yet they know that It la but a part of the natural order. ln time past man has left many rec ords of his observations of this re markable phenomenon. It Is generally supposed tbat tho earliest recorded ecllpeo of the sun is one mentioned In ancient Chlnesa classic tho Chou- King. 2136 B. C. Tho ancient chron icler relates: "On tho first day of the last month of Autumn tho sun and moon did not meet harmoniously ln Pang." Oriental scholars claim that this somewhat ambiguous announce ment refers to tho eclipse of tho sun. Chinese, literature mentions many In dubitable accounts ot solar eclipses, as do other ancient literatures, Egyptian. Chaldean, Hebraic, Grecian and Roman. ,Vn eclipse is referred to in Amoa vlit:9 "I will cause tho sun to go down at noon, and I will darken tha tarth ln clear day." Tha most famous incident mentioned in tho Bible, which unquestionably refers to an eclipao. is found ln 2 Kings xx:ll "And Isaiah the prophet cried unto the Lord: and ho brought the shadow 10 degrees back ward, by which It had gone down in tho dial of Ahaz." There has been a gteat deal of speculation over what ccused the shadow to move 10 degrees backward on the dial of Ahaz, but tha consensus of scientific Biblical scholar ship is now agreed that it was caused by an eclipse of the sun star tho noon hour. This is tha only rationalistic interpretation, granting that such an incident ever occurred. If the Incident was supernatural then tha argument Is o'.osed. for It can bo neither proved nor disproved. Perhaps tho most famous eclipse mentioned ln history was the one pre dicted by Thales of Miletus. (85 B. C Like Herodotus, tho historian. Thales Is said to have vlaited the land of tha Chaldeans, and whlie there became fcmiliar with tha Magi'a method of pre dicting eclipses, the Magi ascribing the phenomenon to tha influence of spirits, etc. The old Greek philosopher could not accept the Chaldean priests' Inter pretation ot the causo of tho phenom enon, but after long pondering over the subject he came to the conclusion tbat eclfpses were brought about by natural causes, and reasoning from these premises he predicted that an eclipse of the sun would occur on the date above given. Tho old philosopher of Miletus had given to the world tho greatest thought that ever came Into the world. It appears very strange that neither the Semitic nor Oriental mind could ever conceive the idea of natural law, the orderly sequence of cause and effect as It Is manifested in the movements of the heavenly bodies. J. T. FORD. FOIRTII-CLASS POSTMASTER TIED Proreat Paid Worker hat Can't Let Go, Mnrh Less Attend Conventions. PORTLAND. Juno . (To tho Edt toi.) In The Oregonlan. Juno S. I no tice a suggestion from tho postmaster at The Dalles, that tho postmasters have a convention. I think that a suggestion for a con vention of sewer diggers would meet with greater success. The greater majority of postmasters are of the fourth class, and transpor tation and hotel expenses would take a month's salary and in a good many cases two or three months. There isn't a poorer paid class of workers ln the United States, or a c'.ass that works longer hours than tho fourth-class postmaster. While wages have Increased In all lines, tha Postal Department is tho glaring exception. War work ha diubled our responsibilities and tho J cent postage has reduced our compen sation 25 per cent. We can't quit until wo can find someone foolish enough to taka over our buiidlngs and equipment, which la my case represent an outlay ot about $700. Tho department will let us have flags, but they must be provided "With out expenso to tho department." Wo can't oven leave homo for longer than two days without writing to Washington and waiting three weeks for permission. For my part I do not propose to take money I earn working by day's labor while my wifo runs tho postoffice to become more proficient at earning my pay from the Postal Department, which is less than II per day. and my day be gins at 6 o'clock A. M-. and ends at 8 l. M.. if I have srood luck. A FOURTH-CLASS PC6TMASTER. RKlsranta and Velssteers. ST. PAUL. Or., June 6 (To the Ed itor.) Can a man after being drafted, classed In A-l. enlist In tho Army? . A CONSTANT READER. Tour terms are apparently confused. A person In class 1 whose number taasl not been called In tha draft can. on re quest, bo Immediately Inducted into tho National Army, but he cannot volun teer ln the sense that he can select his branch of service. Gas Masks In Saty, PORTLAND. June S. (To the Edi tor.) Please explain if the Ameri can and allied navies hava gas masks for ife in case of a sea gas attack with "shells or disseminators. JAMES CAMPBELL. Gas masks are now provided oa boats of the American Navy,