10
THE MORNING OREGONIAN. FRIDAY, 3IARCII 22, 1918.
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rOKTUIMO. rtalDlT. HUM J5.
1H.
L OIXATTK.
Tho American I'nion ha forty
.tlt nurrlrn taic. and no aim-hat
r amonr Ihrm. Nol on. lnly one
tu van bcrn undrr auapirlon. It k
W'taroojiln. The rf.on in La Kollctte.
Th prccnre In VLxor.!n of nianjr
cilixcoa of CrrnuaO anrcatry. and
anany other paraona of German birth,
ajou not cspUin the phenomenon of
nrar-aUrkrr Wlacomain. It li the
learlerxhtp of the elf-worshlpinK La
Follette.
It ua uppoix though it is a vio
lent aaauinption that 1-a Kollctte h'l
sympathised with America, and not
with Germany In the war, and h.id
performed his duty aa an American
citizen and an American Senator, and
hid Mood always l y and for America.
there would e a different ftory to
tell about Wisconsin. It has followed
him for years, some of the time in
honor, and now near the precipice of
dishonor and dtsrrare.
Wtsa'onsln is not slacker, only near
lacker. There is no great difference.
Too many of Its population aro pro
German, and they rive It the stamp
of doubtful loyalty. It Is quite as bad
as outright disloyalty. It cannot
wholly redeem Itself by election of
Lenroot or iHarles. It may everlast
Inrly rilsirrare Itself by electing Derser
for Senator.
La Kollctte l responsible for Wis
consin, and Wisconsin Is responsible
for la Kollctte. It must answer for
lm before the bar of American duty
an J lojaltv.
tiH.tr w THE TROtBl.r.r
A.iked by the New York Times whnt
ts the trouble with shipbuilding. lr.
Charles A. lilon. head of the Na
tional service section of the Knitr
Cency fleet Corporation, cives a num
ber of reasons which may be summed
up In one word: ln preparedness.
fariflsm had taufcht us not to pre
pare for war. and provincialism bad
blindcal ua to the necessity of prepar
ing;. Therefore we let other nations
do our carrying while our own ship
building languished. We let politics
run rampant until we came to regard
all public men as thieves who need
to be watched. Class consciousness
ttrew until we regarded our ablest
business men with suspicion and until
workmen set duty to their class first,
and Holshevism spread through the
country.
The result was that, when we lc
rlared war and wanted ships in
hurry, shipyards were few and there
were few skilled men to operate new
ones. The Government shipbuilding
programme was placed In the hands
of politicians instead of business men,
and was Influenced by consideration
of sectional favor rather than by
knowledge as to where and how ships
could be built be.-t and quickest.
fome of the men who offered to
build ships sought big profit and un
dertook that which they could not per
form, also starting an absurd rivalry
between wood and steel, though I'r,
I.'aton says, "en the whole they are
fatrtotic people." Workmen, scent
ing big profits, demanded big wages
and. blind to the duty of unintcr
rupted work, struck to enforre their
claims. The Government feared to
enforce arbitration and was not pre
pared wttn means of amicable adjust
ment as a substitute for strikes.
Trese ate trie Inevitable cone
q icm-es of unpreparedneas political.
mtlirary. industrial, soctal. They r:iu
be alone awar with by having the
truth driven home to tho conscious
ness of every American that, unless
we place country above self and above
class, we run grave risk of toMng our
liberty and all that we have along
with It.
charge that there was absence of
patriotism, or seal, or continuity of
effort. There was no lack of Indus
try. The mistakes that were made. It
will be seen, were minor ones. In
vl.ar of belter preliminary organiza
tion, already accomplished, and the
extreme probability that natural con
dition will l. better than in 1917.
there Is no reason why any amateur
gardener should grow weary In well
doing. Careful planning I perhaps the
must important factor of success. The
home garden army is not being too
hastily mobilized this year. It, has
had ample notice of the duties that
will be required of it. Its campaign
should be well thought out In ad
vance. "X billion dollars' worth of
food In 191 1" ought to be the slogun
for the comlnr year.
I rtumiMi BT M 1st ..
Professor ilouqurt. of Oregon Agrl
cultural College, has perforated
substantial seivite for amateur war
gardeners by preparing a summary f
the mistakes thrv made In 1)17. I:
full understanding of these error thrv
may be expected to profit In ISM. It
has been shown by official figures
that last season's emergency planting
constituted a worth-while contribu
tion to the Nation's food supply, and
tere Is no reason for atiscouragemrut
ever the prospect for the future.
T'allures and partial failure last year
should not ticter thoe who made
them from trying again. Home gar
dens are needed mure than ever, in
view cf the constantly increasing de
mand for food, and the concentration
ct larger farming operations t:pon
staptas. such as rerrais.
Those who did not measure up to
their own expectations lat season will
Ja- rbcered by the statement that
there were only nine chief causes,
lark of experience and a backward
on were among the leading ones.
Gardeners have gained experience and
the mathematical chances for a repe
tition ef last year's unpropitious wea
ther conditions are small. Too hasty
plar.uing. which e.vued a good many
failures, was not w hoi; y the fault of
the gardeners. The garden drive was
not organised until comparatively late.
Improper choice ef ground and lack
ef thorough preparation of the soil
were attributable to the same causes.
Incorrect methods cf handling the
cil were due both to lark of time
ad lack of experience. Other reasons
ler failure were the too sparing use
jf fertiliZTs. Infeiior se'd. Incorrect
methods of planting and seed, and the
ravages cf inserts. All of these. It
would seewi. are remediable.
The encouraging tart is that Tro
fesrer Donu'l. after a study vf the
TATr.ir.NTS THREE AND FOflt
A candidate for Governor In th
republican primary has found It ex
pedient perhaps, even necessary t
give public 'ssuranco that In raso h
hall be duly nomlnxtcd by Kcpubli
cans and elected by the people he
will not appoint a Democrat not an
Democrat, but a designated Democrat
(o the L'nited States Senate In case
of vacancy.
This little incident throws an Ilium
Inatlng light upon a grave defect in
our Justly popular and widely bene
ficent direct primary law. It will
be recalled that the crowning achieve
ment of tho primary law was the
ortcinal and only Statement ('no, by
which a candidate for the Legislature
was required to subscribe to a pledge
that he would "always vote for that
candidate for l'nited States Senator
who has received the highest number
of the people's votes for that posl
lion." There was also Statement
Two, through which the candidate
declared his Independence of any
direction ns to the Senatorshlp by
the sovereign people.
The perf-ct working of Statement
Ono are llhu-trated by its results.
Two Republican I.cgi.-latuTS of the
state contributed to tho membership
of tho l'nited States Scnato two
Democratic Cnited States Senators.
Hut. now that the constitution pro
vides for direct election of Senators.
Statement One nnd Statement Two
have fallen Into disuso and even for-
getfiilness. It is necessarily so. Nev
ertheless, un Oregon primary law
without a Statement One or Statement
Two. or a Statement with somo other
appropriate nnd clearly decipherable
number Is not what it should be,
Here. now. is an opportunity to bring
tho law up to the very summit of its
former efficiency and nt the same
time to meet a situation which It is
altogether obvious requires formal
recognition and solution. To that end
we modestly propose two new pledges
reading as follows:
FTATKMKNT S. . If I rcelva the Hrpuh.
Iti-an nomination tnr (iovemnr. and am duly
.!-(. d. I will appoint f r I'nlfd Htatea
Senator ontjr a du;jr rvclalered K'.publlran.
rasa a varanrjf in that posltloa shall
occur during my incumbency.
Kor those Gubernatorial candidates
who think otherwise, nnd want to do
otherwise, the way may be made clear
and easy through the following pledge:
FTATKMEXT 4. If I reralvs ths Repub
lican nomination for Onvemor and am duly
.:r-tad I will not appoint for l'nited Stairs
Sanalor anyone w ho niay recu!.arlv vols tho
Republican lirk.t at ana election; provided
that eventration aa a Itepuburan shall not
ba he;d as a. illP'tuatlfleation for aurh ap
pointment under the terms o( this clause.
I.ct us repopiilatize the primary law
through the approved method a re
quirement that every candidate for
Governor sign a Statement. It is In
convenient and annoying for such a
candidate to devise his own statement,
w hatever his relations, obligations or I
promises to the candidates for Sen
ator, or other office. In the opposite
party.
was a good one. It indicates that
early religious and patriotic training
is not wholly neglected in the primary
schools and the homes of the Nation.
It remains only to nuike it more wide
spread and to provide more of it.
Kspccially in times like these, the
patriotic songs make a good basis for
a new beginning. There ought to be
more memorizing of inspiring words
that we need to have with us every
hour. It is when one is young even
very young that the memory is most
retentive. The lessons that we learn
In the primary school remain with us
though sometimes subconsciously
all through our lives. It is a common
experience to find that verses we ac
quired In childhood "come back" to
us more readily than those which we
struggled laboriously to learn in later
life.
There I a sfory from the front in
France, which may or may not be
wholly true, that In a period when the
trench combat had lulled, our boys
Joined In singing their National hymn.
There were calls from the German
side for the second stanza, and no
response from the American trenches'.
whereupon our enemies set up shouts
of derision. As we have suggested
the tale may be apocryphal, but it is
believable. Perhaps some German was
Inspired by desire to hear Americans
sing the words, "Our foe's haughty
host." but that need not have mat
tered. They might have countered
neatly enough by singing tho last
stanza. If they had cared to spare the
feelings of their allies. The point Is
that there probably whs not a. soldier
in the rnnks who could have suns the
song through to save his life. It ought
not to be so, nnd it will not be always
so if the example of the Indianapolis
School Hoard is followed generally
throughout the country".
BtMrTBI.ACK" OK -.HOKMIIMiK."
If the public is good-humored, ns
it ought to be, it will comply readily
with the request of the representatives
of the shoeshiners profession that it
discontinue its practice of calling them
by the undignified term, "bootblack."
It is a small sacrifice in the interests
of peace ajid harmony in a great dc
mocrucy.
Housewives will sympathize with
their husbands in the new situation.
and out of their own experience will
probably representative of the strong
Ukrainian middle class."
The delegates to Brest-Litovsk de
cided to act independently, "probably
because Trotzky and his friends did
not appeal to them," for "they knew
that the Bolshevik government rests
on bayonets and represents a tyranny
worse than the tyranny overthrown
in March. 1917." SJill "the Ukraine
as an independent state is an impos
sible idea for the Russian mind."
"Russia's final fate," said Mr. Sack,
"depends very much on the outcome
of the war," and her temporary break
down "has only steeled the will of the
allied democracies to fight to a fin
ish." If the conflict is continued,
"Russia may still come back," and if
democracy should finally prevail "the
new Russian democracy will rise to
the manhood which will make her,
as President Wilson said, a fit part
ner in the league of honor." He made
this prediction:
After a period of temporary disintegra
tion, the dttterent pau-ta of Ruasia. now
lorn aaay from the renter, such parts as
the t kralne. the Baltic provinces, the Don
region, the Oaucaaua and Liberia, will come
loKether. not only beoau.e economically they
cannot eairt as independent states, but also
becauiae they are culturally united, and the
non-Kuaaian natlonnlltlea. as far aa they
inhabit theae provinces, will prefer the
orientation toward democratic Russia to tho
orientation towards Germany, Austria and
Turkey.
These hopes are evidently shared by
President Wilson and Ambassador
Francis, as is evidenced by the for
mer's message to the Moscow Con
gress and by the latter's declaration
that the United Slates will recognize
any Russian government which will
continue the war against Germany.
Mr." Sack's explanation encourages
the belief that the Bolshevik episode
was necessary to convince the Rus
sian people that the only peace worth
having could be won by no other
means than war, to arouse them from
tlieir dreams and their war-weariness
and to demonstrate to them that
their interest lies In union, since their
freedom could not be preserved by
division into several independent re
publics. Resignation of one member
after another of the Bolshevik gov
ernment who repudiates the peace
treaty and declares for renewing the
war suggests that the Russian view
is undergoing a change. Tho Bol
shevik episode may bo only a phase
in the transition of Russia from
Czar-ruled people fighting for im
Stop Talking Peace.
By Porter Earraoa Bnwi, of the
Ylgilaatca.
It is time that the United States
stopped playing Germany's game.
Germany, sure of her ability to keep
her own peoples solid for war, talks
peace. We, stopping our own efforts to
listen and to answer, cripple and con
fuse buth ourselves and our allies.
It is the old, old game, of the two
burglars in the jewelry shop. One en
gages the proprietor in conversation
while the other robs the safe.
While Hertllng gives vent to as
choice a lot of mendacious hot-air as
the world has ever heard, Hindenburg
tramples upon prostrate Russia and
adds another corpse to his rapidly ac
cumulating collection.
And we, soft-hearted, soft-headed,
klndly-souled, peace-loving, peace-
iiiuicu vcopie mat we are, gabble on
while murder is committed before our
very eyes.
We had better begin to realize that
this thing we have embarked in is not
a joint debate, but a war. Kvorv wQ e
that we spend in conversation and that
oermany spends in war is a two davs'
loss to us and a two days' gain for
them.
Time is the essence of victory for
Germany as well as for ourselves. We
nave not nor.-, enough ships both to
supply our troops in Fjance and to
handle other necessary shipping as
well. Every day that we delay In
bringing every effort that -we as a Na
tion possess to the successful prosecu
tion of the war means a day gained
for Germany's submarines, a day
gained for the development of the new
resources that she has caDtured' bv
force of arms.
How much longer do we intend to
stand in the front door talking to the
well-dressed confidence man while his
beetle-browed pal commits murder in
the back room?
We have already bought a eood half
ao7.cn ucrman gold bricks. How many
more must we purchase before we
think we've got enough?
SlIXG THAT BELONGS TO OREUO.V
VI bile Not Officially Adopted. It la
Sung on State Occasions.
HILLSDALE. Or., March 20. (To the
Kditor.) Responsive to the inquiry of
S. B., of Fossil, Or., in yesterday's
Oregonian regarding a state song and
your response. "No State Song." I beg
counse! taciiui arcu.esccnce " o a free pcop e lirt - ' B&y tha thero ls a sone- "Peerless
is a matter of historv now that the amumuii 10 u. nte people HfeUi- ,, . . , .
grave scarcity of domestic help is due in for wrld,. democracy. Russia bv w c Kantner, D. v., and Clifford
largely to objection of young women COII'( not nt, f"'st relize that she white Kantner. of the Lafayette Sem-
to being known as "servants." and to I""'"- lu coimiiue ior me latter pur- inary, and published by Frank Conover
being placed In the "servant" categorv. ,UI'e "aI 'cn sue nuu uegun ior oaiem, ur., wnicn was sung by quartets
ui mt--tc-) nv n laiuc 1 1 i -LO.il y j a"A. i jjiuiju ai. vm caieiui t.-i u i i u t gA
SOTHERX AXD AMES IX WAR WORK
oted Actor and Theatrical Manager
Aiding Y. 31. C. A. In France.
Keeping the American boys In France
entertained, even at the very front, is
one of the big jobs of the Young
Xlen's Christian Association overseas.
The following extracts from a let
ter written by an association worker
who has gone. to France to study the
entertainment "problem tells how it is
being dope. In them he gives side
lights on the work of E. H. Sothern,
Winthrop Ames, Anson Phelps Stokes,
Mr. and Mrs. George Randolph Chester,
Rheta Childe Dorr. Mr. and Mrs. Francis
Rogers and other Americans in France,
a a
"Tuesday evening E. H. Sothern gave
a short programme at the Young Men's
Christian Association hotel, the Gibral
tar.' This was over about 8:30 o'clock.
Mr. Sothern and Mr. Ames then invited
Mr. Steele and me to supper with them
at the Plaza Athenee. I can't begin
to make you feel how absorbed both
those men are in the work which they
have come over to do, i. e., investigate
the entertainment problem and take
back a constructive report. Such study
of the needs by men who know about
crowd psychology and who know the
theatrical profession should be invalu
able. Mr. Sothern is a jovial soul and
his vocabulary is astounding."
"Wednesday evening had dinner with
Anson Phelps Stokes, the big gun of
Yale University. He is traveling for us
in the camps, making an Investigation
of the educational possibilities, I. e.,
finding out how best the soldiers may
utilize their time in bettering them
selves for "apres la guerre." He (and
he's not alone in It) sees the opportun
ity which the long period of demobili
zation will offer. The first step In his
scheme is the formation of a commis
sion, composed of educators and Army
authorities. The Young Men's Christian
Association would to a great extent
form the machinery through which
their plan would be carried out."
,e a
"The fellows want American girls.
sweet girls, real girls, who can bring
over the sentiment that back in the old
United States other girls, the girls, are
waiting."
"Another interesting woman whom
I've met and who is lecturing, is Rheta
Childe Dorr, writer on Russia. She was
with the Battalion of Death, composed
of Russian women."
"We are exchanging tomorrow the
Rogers iMr. and Mrs. Francis Rogers,
the singers) and a violinist for a party
sent over by the British Y. M. C. A.
That exchange stuff is going to work
out well, both as to lectures and other
entertainments."
la Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From Tha Oregonian. March -2, 1593. 1
New York J. Pierpont Morgan sailed
for England on the Majestic, presum
ably to negotiate for the United States
Government a loan of 530,000,000. ,
Paris Charles DeLesseps . has been
found guilty of corruption in regard to
the Panama lottery bond bill. In which
ex-Minister of Public Works Baihut
figured.
The Chamber of Commerce building,
as it nears completion, justifies the
builders in their great pride as to this
modern structure.
Colonel F. C. Baker, Oregon State
Printer, is in town, having returned
from a trip to California points, where
be was shown many courtesies.
In the case of forgery against J. T.
King, who was found guilty yesterday,
Mr. Chance and Mr. J. F. I.ogan, prom
ising young members of the bar, made
the arguments for the defense.
TWO FACTORS IX NATIONALITY
Law of I'nlteti States Sometimes Runa
Connter to That of Other Nations.
PORTLAND, March 21. (To the Ed
itor.) To settle a dispute, will you
kindly answer the following questions:
(1). If a man, German by birth, is
naturalized in the United States, what
is his nationality?
(2). If a child is born of American
parents in France, is he a .citizen of
France or the United States?
(a) . If the parents are just traveling
in France.
(b) . If the parents art French citi
zens, but of American birth.
(c) . If the parents have permanent
residence in France but are not nat
uralized. (3). If a child is born of American
parents on a ship at sea, is his national
ity determined, likewise his citizenship,
by the nationality and citizenship of the
parents, or by the flag under which the
ship is sailing?
PAULINE McCASLlX.
If people' had seen the light in
time, and If "maid" had come into
vogue some years before it was intro
duced In a futile effort to stem the
tide, all might have been well. The
same thing is nicusurably true as to
hired man." If we had been wise
enough to employ agricultural assist
ants a generation or so ago, there
probably would not be a shortage of
farm help toduy
Words do acquire adventitious mean
Ings. It Is not many years since
servant" was a term not without
honor. It Implied only service, in the
highest sense. It was widely em
ployed In the early law. We have do
nd of men who aspire to be servants
of tho "public. "Well done, thou good
nd faithful servant" arouses no bos-
He response. But the tender feelings
year of confusion seems to have been I positions at Omaha, Buffalo, Charles-
needed to clear the minds of the peo
ple. Fidelity to democracy demands
that America shall not despair of
Russia.
The press agent of the goat is in
his clement these days. He has been
able to obtain an audience for his
statement that this formerly despised
animal has five economic virtues. He
is a land-clearer and a producer of
hair for weaving purposes and hide.
meat and milk. Half a dozen cities
in Kurope are better known to eaters
of goats' milk cheese than to mere
students of geography. Roquefort is
an example of these. And above all
these is the fact, recently reduced to
figures by a botanist, that the goat
of the Individual to whom the term is " "'" " vcgeutu.e. su-
Bictiiuus uiuii any uiuer uuiuesuc; am- i
mal. Of all the plants that grow in I
pplicd deserve to be consulted. It is
condition and not a theory that con
fronts us. As we see the fading of
the house servant and the hired man
we realize that we must call them
hocshincrs or else ultimately black
our own boots.
nont know oi k otvx soxes?
It will not have escaped tho ob
servatton of most Americans that we
are sadly lacking In intimate c
quaintance with our own patriotic
song. Kvery "Community sing" re
rais the fart that the burden of cur
rying the word of even "America"
nd "The Star-Spangled Banner" falls
upon the comparative few. and that
ninny of these have been newly primed
for the occasion. There are some mil
lion to whom "O. say. can you see,
by the dawn's early light." represents
the beginning and the end of tho Na
tional anthem, nnd other millions who
cannot go beyond the next three or
four lines. This gives point to the
decision of the Indianapolis School
I'.oaril. reported in the Indianapolis
Star, to require that all children of
the public schools must memorize at
least four of our best-known songs.
In addition to those mentioned. "Co
lumbia. th facni of the Ocfun." and
Mrs. Howe's "Battle Hymn of the Re
public" ore mentioned ns songs that
every American ought to know from
beginning to end.
It is not altogether the fault of
American that tliry are deficient In
this respect. We are not. it must be
confessed, a singing people. Our
memories are not defective, hut we
have not practiced memorizing words
that tC'iulre singing. We would have
learned "The Star-Spangled Banner"
as a matter of course If 11 had lent
Itself to simple recitation. Any school
boy has performed greater feats.
'Horallus at the Bridge" Is a far more
Imposing task than any or our patri
otic songs, and anyone who can com
mit "D.irlus Green and His Klymg
Machine" lo memory can learn all the
National song he needs to know. We
have consumed energy enough In
memory exercises: only It has been
diverted into a different channel
It was different in the days when
here were fewer books. A man now
aday grows up with the feeling that
he will never be so fur from a library.
or nt least a bookstore, that he will
not be able to lay his hands readily
on the book he needs. Leaflet ap
pear a if by magic whenever a crowd
gathers to celebrate a patriotic or-
anon. The high development of
printing ha led u to content our
selves with "hitting the high spots."
And then, when we find ourselves In
situation where spontaneity would
be desirable, the song trails off into a
horns of Tum-tum-tl-a-turu." with
few scattered voices carrying it
hrough to the approximate end.
The first class at the Annapolis
Naval Academy probably represent a
good average of the educated young
men of the country. Tile professor of
IngliMi recently submitted a qucs-
tonnaire to Its t'j members. All
new the Lord iTayer by heart, but
tint was the only point upon which
the class made a cle.in score. There
were twenty-seven who'did not know
America." Nearly ".00 failed on
The St-ar-Spanglcd B-innrr." There
were tit who knew the Twenty-third
realm and i: who knew the Ten
Commandments, which Is as remark
able as it is creditable, if one Mop to
thjnk of It. anil Lincoln's "Gcttyburg
Aiidre" had been memorized by SS9.
or considerably more than half. The
ton, St. Louis, Portland and Seattle.
and, while it, does not bear the official
seal of Oregon, it was recognized a
the official song. I take pleasure in
quoting it:
'Peerless Oregon."
OreKon. thou peerless kingdom
Dwelling; by the sunset sea.
Matchless in thy worth and greatness.
utrii ii mma nnau iny g'ory De. .
Set with bills of gemiike beauty,
Wash'd by ocean's restless tide,
' Studded thick with wealth of forest;
Treasures rich in thee abide.
Chorus:
Loyal eons and daughters love thee
Oregon, oh! Oregon..
Xaught in honor place above thee
, Oregon, oh! Oregon.
Reaching upward to rh cloud land.
Mighty mountain rise sublime;
Crown'd with diadem resplendent
Towering through tho years of time.
Lordly rivers roll in grandeur.
Coursing onward to the seas:
Fertile prairies laugh with harvests;
. Fruits abundant bend the trees.
Chorus:
Pioneers of bravest spirit .
Led by him who dwells on high.
Won for us thi land of plenty.
Fruitful fields and bluest sky.
While the sun shines on in splendor.
While the stars gleam from above.
Shall we, Oregon, the peerless.
Thee above all others love?
Chorus:
HENRY E. DOSCH.
. C. T. I". HELPS IX WAR WORK.
Welfare Activities Vnder Way la the
Various Army Cantonment.
The Woman's Christian Temper
ance Union is doing spiritual and moral
welfare work at the various Army
cantonments. Naval training stations,
pastures, the goat relishes 86 per cent.
His nearest rival is the sheep, with I
73 per cent. The cow eats only 56 per
cent. Mutton-eaters undoubtedly have!
eaten a good many sheep without I
knowing it, and they are now called!
upon to do this without camouflage,
MOPE FOB lits-tlA'S 11TIKK. in the National interest. Zoologically
Jn these darkest davs for Russia, speaking, the goat is near enough to
when that country seems to be fall- being a sheep for practical purposes.
lng apart and helpless in the power
of the central empires, words of hope! That ls a sad picture which Mr.
as to her future have been spoken I Gerard paints of the position of Spain
by A. J. Sack, director of the Russian so divided as to be the helpless tool
Information Bureau, whom many of German propagandists and the
Portland people heard a few months refuge of submarines which sink
ago. in spile or the apparent disso- Spanish ships and murder Spanish
lution of the nation, in a recent ad-I seamen. That was the part for which
dress at New York he gave reasons Germany had cast the United States
for the belief that Russia is still aiin the great game of war, and it is
nation with a common culture and! the part we should have played if the I camps, and aviation fields.
common aspirations, and that the I pacifists had had their way. I one of the most complete relief or-
narts will vet coma toccther in a fed-I ganizations is at Camp Devens, Ayer,
aral ilFiuurrirr I n-i n.. . t, . I aiass. iiere two hostess nouses have
' i a iic i 1 1 v via Lin; jewa lu tiiaj in inii I v, . .. . 1. 1 1 i, 1 i ,
One ground for this belief is that, army in Palestine proves the invasion 1 inr moms recreation rooms. nd mom.
tnougn ill per rent or me people can- or that country and the promise to I that are rented to the boys' families
not read or write, Russian culture is I restore it to its former inhabitants tol v.hen they come for visits to the camp,
not the product of the intellectuals have been good pro-allv propaganda. I The second house has a hall with seat
alone, but springs from the masses I lng capacity for 150 people. Other
in spite of poverty and darkness. The conscientious objectors will be h,006.1.'3 ha.ve. a,Iso. r'nfcd u-...Ver-'
They themselves "created a beauttful Kiven places behind the lines, but ifSrT"or"?-a:fI!le"f.J3 ? V?i"sn"
1 1 ., i, .. . , , , , i i - n I , i 1:1 i u ii ii c u i iuii tauu Liafst; uuuses ui
iii i uui are in auiuui iui:iaiui it, j
beautiful art." Rnssinn writers "took
many themes and figures from the
literature created by the ' people
around them, which originated prob
ably before the formation of the Rus
sian state and was orally translated
from generation to generation. Com
posers took their beautiful melodies
from the folk songs" and Tolstoy
'learned his philosophy from an old
illiterate Russian peasant
Affirming that there is "a culture
of Russia as a nation," he said:
a good guess that many will seek theyer.
chance to get into action on the front
when they smell the powder.
At Camp Funston the Kansas W. C.
T. U. is . co-operating with the Y. M.
C. A. in maintaining two hostess houses,
one inside and one outside the camp.
In v asiiington. D. C at the soldiers
and sailors' rest and recreation rooms
the boys are provided with good read
ing material and come in contact with
pleasant surroundings and a refined
atmosphere. Each of the 16 Army can
Since the Germans have opened ar-1 tonments where the W. C. T. U. have
Removal Is as easy as in the old
days in Russia, when a man disap
peared overnight to appear later in
Siberia. The difference now is the
corpse is un exhibit.
I rlh to prove that Rtia:a. a'though
composed of many tia'tnnalitle. apeakiug
d:flerent lanstius,e, llvln under diverse
tradition, present, neveri heit-a.. a natiunal
unity, cot only in lis vertical croee-cut. but
alao in its horizontal structure. I want lo
now you that, although we must Imagine
tha futuna Kueala as a federated republic.
with avarr nationality enioying the fullest
measure of autonomy and aeif .government.
there will be one great, united Ituela. with
every nationality loyal to the democratic
central government. The oniv part that
Kivea me me doubt In that lespe.-t I Fin-
:and, but thla In, In my sincere opinion, till
on.y possible exception to th rule.
In support of this opinion Mr. Sack
said that, notwithstanding the terrible
oppression to which they were sub
jected, "the Russian Jews were able
to draw a definite distinction between
the autocracy which oppressed them
and the great Russian people which,
through its best representatives, has
always defended their human rights.
and he said that "many of them have
contributed their best to Russia's
culture." Although the Caucasus was
conquered "just a little over half
century ago, after a long tytd bloody
war," and has a language and cul
ture different from the Russian, a
separatist movement does not exist
there, and the Caucasus has produced
great Russian patriots, including sev
eral members of the Kerensky gov.
era ment.
tillery fire on the entire British front
and on the French near Rheims, it
would be well to watch for an attack
somewhere else.
their "huts' have been given a stero-
metagraph. The slides are educational
as well as entertaining.
The field kitchen fund is In process
of completion. This touches another
phase of W. C. T. L. relief work.
These field kitchens are for the battle
front and provide the men with hot
Those Russeilite "Finished Mystery'
books were even more deadly poison
than the liouor which Lieutenant drinks and nourishing food as they re
Thatcher expected to find. iurn exnausteo ana nungry irom me
iiri!i$ nut;. iu siiiuuiaiii.ca uavt? c-
cer.tiy been equipped and sent to Eu
If the Fire Bureau is compelled to
rope by this same organization.
run shorthanded because of existing chocolate fund is also being raised.
conditions, it is high time those con-1 This calls for money to be used in
ditions were changed.
An understudy always beats a regu
lar's record and Attorney Hammers-
ley, substituting for a Circuit Judge,
was true to form.
buying chocolate for the boys 'over
there," since chocolate has been recog
nized to be of food value by our Gov-
ernment.
The general sympathy strike to be
pulled off in Kansas City will not in
clude the bartenders' union if 'K- C."
knows herself.
; Profit and Income Tax.
ANTELOPE, Or., March 19. (To the
Editor.) I was thinking of trading
ccttle for land; would I have to pay
an income tax on cattle or wait until
I received cash on land?
If I sold livestock and took a note.
would I have to pay the income the
Hindenburg acts as if he believes he same as a casn s,e--
will visit Paris, and will bear watch
ing, but not on the fifty-mile battle
fronL
The allies, which include us, add a
million tonnage in what the Kaiser
might say was one fell swipe.
The local deficiency in rainfall ls
holding steady at a bit over an inch,
A most Interesting explanation of though It's past belief.
the secession of Ukrainia from Rus
sia was given. A few months ago The quickest way out of Switzer-
the intclliireiit neonlo of the Ukraine land into Fiance is the
were "arguing with all the fervor of rife'13 watching.
their beings that the Ukraine has
right to a cultural and political au- The high cost of polishing-rags
tonomy, but "the simple people prooaoiy is responsible ior xne lo-
Wisconsiu is loyal, but not near
unanimous enough to justify a
holler."
seemed to be interested in everything cent shine,
else in the world." Yet until lately
tho movement "did not look like
neparatist movement" and the mani
festos of the Rad. "always insi.vted
on proclaiming tho Ukrainian republic
a part of n Russian federated rcpub- Just watch American tradition work
lie." MT. Sack attributed the sudden I out In this drive.
change to Austrian intrictie and to
tho fact that the Rada is "a defi- Do you owe a soldier a letter?
jUtcX auU Rplilieviav Loiiy, fccl"5 1 Write it '. -
If you realized any profit from the
sale or exchange of cattle or other
property during the year 191,7. even
though the proceeds were Invested in
land f r otherwise, the amount of that
profit is sunjecc to ine income tax
and must be included in your income
statement for the year 1917.
,V note or other like instrument is
considered the equivalent of cash and.
in case you sold your rattle ,and ac-
' I ...... t .. , - nrnmicnrv Tl ri t e in navment
pomt that "
an income tax on that part of the note
which represented the profit you de
rived from the sale over and above the
original investment la the cattle and
tho exist of raising and caring for
them until the sale was made.
Income statements required to be
filed this year, however, include only
the income of the individual from all
sources derived during the year 1917.
Transactions such as the correspon
dent discusses are to bo included in
George Randolph Chester is getting
mighty interested in the work, too. He's
going up to Toul for us. . Also he s
going to get out with some minstrel
suits to organize minstrel shows further
back of the lines. He sees and in
terprets human nature, believe me."
"Thursday noon, and this was the
best of all, I had luncheon with M. and
Mine. Hugh Laroux at their home. I
was the only one there. M. Laroux is
the editor of Le Matin, one of the fore
most Paris papers, a member of the
war ministry, and one of the biggest
men in France. He is ready to go out
and talk to American soldiers In the
camps. Isever before have I been so
cordially and heartily welcomed and
made to feel so at home. Their wel
come was from the heart. M. Laroux
loves the Americans who have come
for France.
"M. Laroux has had all four of his
sons killed in the past three years, also
four nephews every male of the next
generation bearing his name. He tells
how in June, 1914, his eldest son was
engaged to be married and these eight
boys were all together when it was
announced. And now they have all
died for France. It's no wonder he
loves the Americans when he feels that
we're here to take up their cause."
"Mr. Steele is still traveling with
the Sothern-Ames party. Tuesday they
will be at general headquarters, when
I believe, some of the problems will be
discussed with members of General
Pershing's staff."
"At first they (Sothern and Ames)
seemed to think that the problem could
only be solved by sending actors and
performers over from America. Now
they are beginning to realize what large
latent resources there are in every divi
sion and triat our biggest work will be
in getting producers who can discover
the talent within the division and build
up permanent theatrical and concert
parties." "
EVERY COISTV HAS FARM BUREAU
Inni Women Work -Through Them to
Promote Food Conservation.
Iowa has the advantage of farm
bureaus in each of its 99 counties,
through which it hopes to increase
production in the state. Sixty county
agents will demonstrate new methods
n home economics and rood conserva
tion. These agents will be trained
women who will serve as advisers ana
demonstrators in the latest methods
of feeding and conserving.
The state division of the woman s
committee of the Council of National
Defense works through the boys' and
girls' clubs of the state. They are
advertising: the fact that the state
agricultural college has instituted six
weeks' courses of instruction 'for lead-
rs in community or county agricul
tural problems. In some cases emer
gency courses or tnree weeas are
given to train men and women so that
they may direct others in handling
the individual end community prob-
cms of food production and home eco
nomics.
One of the most successful activt-
ies of the home demonstration agents
as grown out of the meetings asked
for by Iowa bakers and grocers
through exhibits called "Liberty gro
cery stores." These were arranged to
how the advantages of substitutes
wheat, meat, fat and sugar. The
report cf the director of home econom
ics, who is also the secretary of the
Oman's committee, Iowa division, says
the work of the home economics di
rector has been largely a work of co
operation with the women's committee.
In many cases the county cnairmen
the women's committee have ap
pointed reporters on food prices for
the county, and tnese reports
printed in the daily papers.
Native citizenship may be determined
by either of two principles: The "jus
soli," which makes the place of birth
the test, and the "jus sanguinis," which
makes parentage the test. The former
is illustrated by the 14th amendment
which declares tlat "all persons born
. ... in the L'nited States. . . .
are citizens of the United States." Th
latter is illustrated by section 1993
the revised statutes, which provide,,
that "all children. . . born out uL
the limits. ... of the United State
whose fathers. . . . may be at the
time of their birth, citizens thereof, are
declared to be citizens of the United
States." Thus the United States de
clares allegiance by both titles and so
do other states. Our own State De
partment recognizes the existence of a
dual nationality in certain cases. There
is a growing tendency on the part of
states to avoid conflicts of this char
acter by allowing the state having
actual Jurisdiction in the case of a per
son of dual nationality to claim his
allegiance, on the ground that such
person has voluntalily chosen his domi
cile. But treaty provisions sometimes
modify this tendency. The German law
provides that "Citizenship is not lost by
one who, before acquiring foreign citi
zenship, has secured, on application, the
written consent of the competent
authorities of his home state to retain
his citizenship." But a German who
availed himself of this law in applying
for citizenship in the United States
would commit perjury.
Citizenship in the cases mentioned by
the correspondent is determined pretty
largely by the person's domicle. Under
our law he is an American citizen in
each of the cases mentioned except tha
one lettered b.
Editor Assert Loyalty.
MOUNT ANGEL, Or.. March 18. -(Ta
the Editor.) The Oregonian contains
a reference to a lecture of Professor
Dr. Walter Hall, of Princeton, in which
he denounced the St. Josephs Blatt as
pro-Hun. "I accuse," seems to be the
slogan of Dr. Hall. Everybody can
accuse, but to furnish proofs is all the
difference. The assertions of the pro
fessor as to the contents of the St.
Josephs Blatt, a Catholic weekly print
ed in the German language, and his
remarks as to information from Hun
sources will cause the readers of the
paper who hear about it to have a
good laugh at him. Does he accuse of
pro-Hun tendencies such sources of in
formation as The Oregonian, the Even
ing Telegram, the Oregon Journal and
the Associated Press in general?
I am not a German-American; I am
as good an American and as good a
patriot as Dr. Hall. The fet. Josephs
Blatt is owned and published by the
Benedictine Fathers, who are known
all over the state and the Union, hav
ing resided here 36 years. Their col
lege has given to the Army and Navy
one chaplain and more than 150 boys;
they have developed the country: their
Benedictine Press was instrumental in
bringing to the Northwest thousands of
families and settlers; they have sub-,
scribed to the liberty loans, the Red'
Cross, etc., and have supported the
Government.
And now comes Dr. Hall from the
East to question our loyalty!
BRO. CELESTINE, O. S. B.
Editor St. Josephs Blatt,
Quitting Patriotic Job.
PORTLAND. March 21. (To the Ed-
tor.) (1) Is a man who joined the
Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumber
men to work for a year in the woods,
nd does not, a slacker or traitor to
s country?
(2) Is he subject to punishment by
law. and if so, what kind of puniHn-
ment? ANXIOUS.
(1) No answer can be given that
would fit every case. It would depend
on the reason for his quitting.
(2) There is no legal penalty.
Publication Not Ordered.
BELWERTON, Or., March 20. (To
Editor.) Please inform me if l
subscribe and pay for a magazine for
a year and they continue to send
it for another year, can they collect
for the extra time?
C. W. STRUTHERS.
the
Oregon law declares a magazine .scut
without order to be a gift.
Registration of British Subject.
PORTLAND, March 20. (To the Edi
tor.) Has a man 40 years old in Sep
tember,' British subject, only first
papers, got to register?
A HEADER.
The regulations have not yet"been
the income statement for, the year in I jSEUCd. Watch tha newspapers for in-
wtiiell the 'trs actually. cojisumnaaUiforniaUoiia. , - . - .
Mixing of Flour.
GEER, Wash., March 19. (To the
Editor.) Since the new regulation re
quire all bread to be made of 20
per cent wheat substitutes, is wheat
flour mixed with substitutes before it
Is allowed to be sold, or is all wheat
flour made just the same as before
the war and one must mix in one's
own substitutes? What per cent of
the whole wheat is made into "patent '
flour? Have the rules governing it
been changed since the wheat short
age? READER.
T,he housewife must mix the sub
stitutes with white flour in making
victony or war bread. Rules regulat
ing the milling of white flour ha.ve
only recently been changed. Except
under special privilege the miller must
make what is known as 100 per cent
flour, using not to exceed i64 pounds
of wheat for each barrel 196 pounds
of flour produced. On this basis be
tween 74 and 75 per cent of the wheat
goes into the flour saclfs.
Women Y. 91. C. A. Workers Abroad.
PORTLANB, March 21. (To the Ed
itor.) Can you tell me where I can
write for information in regard to
women enlisting in branches of x. L
C. A. work abroad?
SUBSCRIBER.
With rare exceptions the only wom
en now in the Army Y. M. C. A. work
in Europe are the wives of Associa
tion workers and these are giving their
time and paying their expenses. The
exceptions are a few women especially
qualified and needed for special tasks.
One who can speak several languages
might be used in a prison camp or
one having Droaa Knowieage or con
ditions in Russia might bo sent to
that land. A woman who has valuable
qualifications in some line such as
these and wishing to enter the reserve
should write to H. W. Stone, General
Secrctarj- JVl C. Portfand, Or.
v.