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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 15, 1918)
10 THE arORXTXG OKEGOXIAX. FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1918. &)t CDmrtmtan (s-ml at Portaa rtee rwAtorr.ea as -aa 4 -. aaa baa,: wtlft. Woe-tst(.a ia aaHa.y la advance (By at All-1 ' Trr. wt f't-i-t. ana rar X': v. itua-ur Inc ull. bis otBi .... - X -a. . Sunl y inr. u t1. lnn moot Tui v i- - w tnr i. f . I una MnBLh lu; 'uul Pjn Mt f -A.'. ...... " l'.l jr. au'V ut uft'1X. RiMCM ..... r. . . i vith.tuf ...... t AuauAjr and ae. - tur Camae.i r..r, .. a.. v.r Ik r. fund lac.udA. eA Relll r. i:tuut () fwr . .... T I 'Ai . i.hihi i',n.l,. thm tnaath ... i-: v. ito tt ab Ik ..... .S3 Hmm tm HrmM fmi DoAI-f.'-rA WHI r- -. . i r- aa er P rsnu eaach SB yaur --sr nA :anps. Am mr Brrcy ara at rui Oaiaa li t 1 aa. t east: 1 f pw-A. i ,.e a. 4 to H(t ent, . tA DAS-a. 4 NIK. tj to . 3 i S3 a.s.a. Mat. rr. IB 1 (ujaM. orfUa Vaife A Oaa llo. li.-univnt ttwu-iitse-. Naw mem: Vsrr-a a rrt.k a. at.a-r ait.u :aa-. Chi.Asa: Vrr 0a in. )r Pno awl:a. tVe'rvi. MtiBti or rae Aort.Tco rr. Tka lMOr'U1 ! a la lfIW' eatl .i la tua aaa far niu&K4iua X a.l - .a?-c crA'l.lA u or aol iiMrwiii frvi.li to.l MMT. SS4 A.AA taa laci Saa-a paf: !& Wrm. A.: nana of r.i m" af special -S- kt'r'i h-rAia A 'A A-AA rnuu. iKiotr. its. u. iti. MOT A rA.llXL CASK. $o much baa been sull la totitM fori Willi dtarUMlao o( lb propoe4 war eatinl about tha Conarrvaaional commtttM a coodoct of tha Clvtl Wir Uvat It la tlmaly to racall tha ' artta aa4 aparatioa of that body is rdvr that w may sndaratand tha rrl dlfftraara batwaaa It and tha pro. fjotl war cahlnrt. Tha lommlllM on conduct of tha war waa votrd by tha Snata on l- cmbr . tha JIuao concurr 1 oo tha follewinc dar. and tha follow lna- wrra acpointcd to roiopoM tn rommilEra: tBatora Hnmin K. Wi.Ia of Ohio; Zacbarlah Chaodlar, Of .Mtchtnn. and Andraw Johonon. mt T.nn.A: KrDranUtia Panlal W. Gooch. of Maaaachtuatu: Joh rovoda. of raanaylvaota: C'forfa V Julian, at Indiana, and Mom P. Oiclk. of Naw York. lUrpafa Ba- Cjrclopadla aajra: Tn csaimltiA tMrsma aa tmprAt fac tor tA I!: Arky KoftiAMta mt ! NaiIaaa; armr Anl NaT. Iurlu IIA AAlalAnc IB VAAA fVAaAA CAMMB'Aint frvOt U f 1 1 CA r tli nl4 tkal lhAir frA-Uom ( aciioo wa abfIaua v latA'tArrd wain f Ikla oaabiII ad1 tm Ailwf iutn l m-mm AAA-rt 1 ihaI aht f in AAfly rtmiwilM mt tr w.ta -A AfiA-d ilUAn. la WaaKIo aaa" w.'kAAl im aat mt uaK i lary a. Further datalla irH-n by Ulalna In "Twanty Taara of Conirwr aho that appointment of tha commute mroM from the disaster at l'-all' Eluff. tn whlrh Senator K. I. Baker, Mnini aa Colonel, waa killed. On Pecember t. Ittl. Roeco Conkllnr then a Krreentative. taovel a reao- lutioa lnnutrina- of tha Secretary of War what meaaurea had been taken . to ascertain who waa responsible for that defeat, which was adopted unani- mously. A few dajra later Senator Chandler offered a resolution direct Inir an Inquiry by a committee of three Into tha disasters at Hull llun and Hall's liluff. As a substitute Senator Crimea, of Iowa, moved tha appoint ment of a Joint commute to In iuira Into tHw conduct of the present war" which was finally adopted. secretary Stanton oppowd the In quiry provided by the Conkllns; reso lution on Lho groand that It would be "Injurious to tha public aervlee. Conkjlng Insistent, but encountered much opposition. Kepresantallv Ivtrhardson. of Illinois, said that in military matter h would "rather trust the commanding Oneral of the Army than a committee of the Mouse and l;-preentatlva Crittenden, of Kentucky, took the same position, aylnc: If wa an te fli" fil with TrT mn.nt. vbr al appolat a naai.lH ' lhA II t a atlAad tn rmiBAndAr.a-4Ml Wnr aoc -a4 ihn ltk jf Armr. a In.i lh Dor mi 1I M r mm I'll I kir! aa u aa ia lUm aa.s o( UJ.- but Brljmdier-Oneral Charles P. Stone. Colonel Baker's superior officer, and many officers of his command were examined by the commute and the lover officers, fresh from private life. rv testimony reflectln; on ht loyalty, but hlSher officers testified stron!y In his favor. Klnalty. by or der of Stanton. Stone waa arrested and Imprisoned at Fort Ifyett from February . H(2. until August 1. 12. without trial and without pre ferment of any chari-e. Although when ha asked for a ropy of the char res. McOlellan told him. accord Ins; to Blaine, "that the order for arrest had ben tvn him on lecem ber 5 by tha Pccretsry of War. who told him It was at the solicitation of the commute oo conduct of tho war." his release waa du to the action of Cunrr In pa.-wlnc a law which lim ited the time within which an officer could bo held under arrest without trial. ConiTiaw a r? la Interfered with mili tary operations after General Burn aid succeeded McClellan In command of tha Army of th Potomac and after ha had suffered defeat at Fredericks bur, by ordennc In iulry Into hi con duct sine that disaster. Unroln yielded to Coorresa by transferrins; " Burnslde to a Western command on the very diy whn the Senalo passud the resolution of inquiry. Thus by appointing th committee on conduct of the wnr and by lnquir irr Into the actions of cfflcers in the field. Conitres interfered with actual military operations and encroached on the authority of th President as Commander-ln-Cblef. The committee was rompoated of Congressmen, was appointed by Congresa and was re sponsible only to that boiy. Th war cabinet which Is now pro posed, differ front th committee in every respect. It Is not to be ap pointed by Congress, but by the ITesl rlent. with th advice and consent of th Senate, which would doubtless confirm th President's choice with out question. It Is not to be composed of Conarrssmen, but of "three dis tinguished rltlsens of demonstrated executive ability." It la not to be re sponsible to Congress, but to the President, wh through It "may exer rts such of th powers conferred upon him by th Constitution and the laws of the Cm ted States as are here inafter mentioned and described." Its acts are subject to review by th President and Its derisions ar sub ject to revision by him. It a not possible for the war cabi net ta Interfere with operations In th field without direct authority from the President and. as Mr. Wilson Is known to oppo such Interference, this would b Impoaslhl. Th Civil War eomml'te was a body of legis lative meddlers wuh th performance of executive functions. To war cabi net would b aa luaUiAACcat jrovU. I by CoErresa. but salaried br tha Presi dent, to aenr th President to the performance of his functions, but always subject to his direction. BflV-T CRITICISE. The New York World, which denies to Senator Chamberlain and Senator Hitchcock the right to make disclo sures of the shortcomings of war ad ministration, yet quotes with approval the following extract from aa address by Charles Evans Hughes: 1 ketlrea Ha fresdoni af saaack: I tisv saver armaaiMid at all wltb lb Ides tkal vwa la ttM of se so eald make damoe rarr rh ll ht ayopar fraadom of tha or- Saffa af democratic tiAriailiB. I baliava Is frodom af rritlrlam. bat mmmrp mnm ha rrttlclAva ahoald apply ta ale enu ctAm tk acid leet of arbathar II kalpa to tba vlfuraaa sttMAriilloa of the war or ratarda It- If K beipa. tbaa tha mora of that rrlu- dm m a bava tha batter. If It aasbarraj then v waat aona of It sad Ike Aaaartcaa people won't staad It. The test of th Chamberlain crttt rlsms will be whether they have don good or harm. .Th World think Ihey have done much harm. The rest of th world, for the most part, thinks they have done good. Some one at our own cherished Jackson Club the other Bight mad an eloquent defense of the Adminis tration, laying dosrn the strange doe trine that this ta "no time to crili rise." Whether It help or hurts, don't criticise; whether It wins or loses the war. don't criticise: what ever happens, good or ill. don't crlti else. Whatever you see that Is wrong, whatever you mUht do by a timely word, or an Intelligent protest, keep still. We wonder why the Jackson Club took Andrew Jackson for Its patron. lie was a grant democrat. A ne study of his life and service to de mocracy might furnish a lUUe Deeded enlightenment S.tVIXO A F.tTHIOTIC DCTT. Th necessity of Government con trol of security issues while it ia calling for billions of war funds Is apparent from the large amount of securities whlrh mature this year and from the further large amounts which must b raised If all Industrie and public utili'.lee are to da their full share In the war. Securities maturing In Jill total till. 11. 41 for railroads. i:4.i: tit for public utilities. tl:.C37.70 for Industrials and 1J0.TJ.T1 for states, counties and munlrlpalittei grand trltal of f 741.11.I5. exclusive of ISt.215.SJ0 for American com pa Die operating In Canada, Cuba and Mexico, which would raise the grand total to t;.l47.1ll. Though a considerable proportion of these securities may be retired by sinking funds and much more may be refunded, much must be paid off, and the money must come from the fund created by the savings of the people, which must also provide the money to carry on the war. Further sums, run ning Into hundreds of millions, must be raised to make the railroads equal to the glgantlo t-jik which has been suddenly thrust upon them, to build barges and tugs for Inland waterways and to expand Industry for the per formance of war work. Nothing except a central authority. whlrh will carefully discriminate be tween the essential and the non-essen tin I. can prevent funds from being di verted to uses which can well be post poned. All other security issues ap proved by this authority would, or should, be required for conduct of the war. It Is therefore the patriotic duty of every citizen to save every dollar possible by economical living, in order that It may be used in promoting niiV lary success, i r.UH WOstM MOBILIzrNG. Four patriotic daughters of a For est Grove rancher who have volun teered to help run the farm because their father has been unable to get competent male help are the forerun ners, no doubt, of many others who will be similarly employed before the war ends. Th mobilisation of women for farm work, indeed, has already be (run. In Kngland and Canada, as well as In France, it has already at tained Important proportions. It was estimated recently that StO.000 women were employed on farms of Great Itritaln in 1917. and it is expected that the number will be increased to 400, 000 before the end of It It. Ktta St. John Wtleman. who has been prominent in th organization of women In Kngland and Canada for farming, said recently in New York that where women were physically fit In the beginning, farm work resulted neither in physical Injury nor Impair ment of health. As evidence of what they could do. she pointed out that during the agricultural crisis In Can- da last year, they volunteered In arge numbers for the emergency, and performed their Utaks with a high de gree of efficiency In some regions hey are now- being trained to operate farm tractors. As a matter of fact, mobilisation of women at this time Is novel only be cause of the extent to which it may bo carried. There have been a great many Instances where the wives and daughter of farmers her In the Northwest have done yeoman service In putting. In and gathering crops. And they have produced by fur the msjor share of the poultry we have eaten; have picked, packed and graded much of tli fruit: and have done Im portant work In the production of the smaller vegetables. It Is doubtful whether an attempt to employ women in the handling of farm machinery and In heavier work of various kinds would be economical ly profitable, even If from other view points it were wise. There are many thrr thtntr they could do better. It Is estimated, for example, that there re l.SOO.000 farms in the United States on which no poultry at all is raised. It would seem that the women on these farms would be better em ployed producing meat and eggs than in driving header wagons or pitch ing hay. Effort to divert city women en gaged In seasonal occupations, such as making hats, to the farm probably will not produce results unless the workers and their work are carefully matched. Experience with untrained male help has not encouraged farmers to hope for much from that source. But by the organization of berry-picking units, and canning clubs, and sim ilar enterprises, there may be created an efficient addition to the labor sup ply. This will succeed if It is done sanely. There ought to be no helter skelter rush of women to seek all sorts of work on the farm in the notion that anything that a man can do can be done by a woman. Best results will flow from fitting the laborer to his. or her. task. ence la made to the plan of Adminis trator Ayer to save waste kitchen fat and exchange It for soap, to extend the consumption of Oregon cheese by Oregon people, and to encourage the wide use of the pinto bean, raised largely In Colorado and the Southwest. Each of these measures, if adopted In principle by all the states, would result In a vast saving. The need of fats will become even more pressing as the war continues, for these are largely employed in the manufacture of explosives. The principle under lying the horn cheese consumption movement Is that each locality should consume its own products aa far as possible, and would apply to a wide variety of articles. HIGH TTACU KLOEWHEItK. Analysia of the labor situation In the United States by federal agents has shown that there Is not yet an actual shortage of help to do the work required to produce military supplies and meanwhile to keep the normal wheels of Industry moving., There is even a considerable amount of unem ployment, in the aggregate, although there also are a good many places un filled. The problem before the coun try Is to match the men and the jobs. The Intensely human fondness for chasing rainbows Is largely respon sible for the present contrasting feasts in one locality with famines in an other. The lure of "higher wapes elsewhere" has separated many a man from his employment. Sometimes the higher wages materlalizj, but often they do not. And t'.icn another mi rage coaxes the worker on. Actuali ties seldom measure up to dreams. Desire to better one's situation I always worthy, but it ought to be tempered with prudence, and even caution. The farmhand, for example, who Is prospering reasonably, would do well to reflect that he may be serving himself, as well as his coun try, by remaining where he Is at least until he has established a definite con nection elsewhere. Cost of trave and idle time in the vague search fo something better Is quite llkaly to con sume the addition to nls wafts, even f he succeeds In obtaining it. The aggregate loss to the country by unemployment of men who have quit good Jobs to hunt for better ones s very large, and falls pn us at a time when every ounce of productive en ergy ought to be utilised. It is de sirable that this should be reduced td the minimum. It Is a gooj) plan to obtain assurances that one is going to do better elsewhere before aban doning tba certainties of the present. Till CAME OF FAT MORE. There Is one thing about the con partisan scheme In Oregon that makes one wonder whether our method of self-government under the Oregon system has not after. all been wrong. Heretofore bills and amendments seem to have Jum'ped up from no where and anywhere. One could vote for them without price. That is. one not conscious of paying anything for the privilege, although there are those who have painstakingly told us that growing election costs are play ing the mischief with the taxpayers. But mark well that always, hereto fore, the authors of this bill and that amendment have come around begsring and pleading for votes. The common voter was not asked for a penny for the privilege of putting into force any man's ideas on how the Government hould be run or how affairs common or uncommon should be regulated. Now conditions are to be reversed. The Nonpartisan League offers a single chamber Legislature and a few other novelties and will ask each oter who likes the programme to put p SIS. When postage has advanced only 50 per cent and streetcar rides 0 per cent. It seems rather a big jump from nothing to $16 for the ex- rclse of a cherished privilege, r.ut perhaps the nonpartisans are right. Perhaps it does cheapen legislative medicine to issue it from a free Ispcnsary. If the public has to pay for governmental prescriptions it will earn to appreciate the efforts of the law doctors. W speak a kindly word for' the eight-hour day and time and a half overtime for these physicians. It's the overtime that doubtless fixes the high price of $16. If there is anything our law doctors put in It Is overtime. Oregon's leading plac In the war conservation movement receivea of ficial attestation In the Weekly Bul letin of the trad pre section of th Federal Food Administration. In one ls4u of vIuca, commend, lory raier- WHT THE OrrS ARB HECKLING. Heckling of Premier Lloyd George In the British Parliament Is open to a simple explanation, which should quiet any alarm lest his splendidly ef ficient and democratic government should b overthrown. It comes from the old crowd of politicians in both parties whom public condemnation drove from office after they had mud dled the war for more than two years, and of the old social caste which con trolled the army and navy until it proved wanting under the fiery test of war. Ex-I'remler Asqutth is the chief spokesman of the former class, while old-line army and navy officers speak for the latter class. The sub ject la of interest in this country, be cause we have a somewhat parallel situation to that which existed before Mr. Lloyd George's advent to power. When the war began Mr. Asqnlth, as head of a Liberal government, con ducted It with the aid of his political lieutenants and for a time party con troversy was stilled, but before a year had passed bis gross blunders had aroused a storm of criticism from men of ail parties. He sought to meet it by forming a coalition cabinet with the Unionists, but he did so only by taking in the L'nionist political crowd, hta only important concession to the popular demand for efficiency being to establish a ministry of munitions headed by Lloyd George and to give that statesman a free band in enlist ing the aid of business men. The disasters of 116 disgusted the peor-1 with this arrangement and they drove Parliament to install a new coalition, from which the political blunderers were excluded, but to which business men of proved execu tive ability were added. In the face of desertion by Russia, that govern ment made 117 a year of victory in every field and closed t lie year by bringing the allies into close co-ordination by means of the Supreme War Council. It has ruthlessly cast out men who have failed, and has worked with victory as Its single aim. The old guard of both parties has watched for a week point to attack, and enlist popular support against Lloyd George among a people which suffers from the constant strain of ex ertion, bereavement and shortage of important food articles. It seems to think it has found that weak point in a suspected decision of the Supreme War Council to subordinate the Brit ish army, which is now the most pow erful among the allies, to the com mand of a foreign general. Such sub ordination would hurt national pride, and If that sentiment could be stirred to the point where the cabinet would I b UspUced, M opportunity would 1 arise for the old guard to return and to place men in command of armies and fleets because they are some' body's son or brother, not because they have proved their capacity, also to shield these men from exposure when they blunder. Since the British army is fighting on the soil of France and Italy, there is good reason to place it under French or Italian commander-in-chief, but more important Is the adop tion of a general plan of campaign to be executed by the allied armies in close co-operation under the direction of ohe man. Lack of this co-operation and this single direction, while tha enemy practiced both, has been the main cause of allied failures, or of the limit upon allied successes.'" Lloyd George put bis critics on the defensive by refusing to divulge se crets for which Germany would pay almost any sum of money and by challenging Parliament to . put an other cabinet in place of his own. He knows and they know that the mass of the British people are behind him. Much as the majority in the House of Commons may desire to tear him down, it dare not do so. But the poli ticians are exasperated at practical proof that the men behind the Pre mier are more capable than they of running the government and they foresee the day when their exile from office will become permanent and when political and social pull will no longer control appointments in the army and navy. The same means by which Lloyd George has made Great Britain a match for Germany in military power must be adopted in the United States in order that our full military power may be developed. As he picked from among his opponents men like Balfour and Bonar Law and added to them men like Sir Eric Geddcs, Sir Auckland Geddes, Lord Rhondda and Sir Joseph Maclay, it will be necessary for Presi dent Wilson to call to his aid like men frora other parties and from great business organizations. When he does so he may expect heckling from men of all parties who have been left out because they did not make good. but he will receive the unstinted sup port f the American people, whose one desire is victory over Germany regardless of the fate of parties and politicians. rXTIMELT: AND INSEEMIT. A moving picture production, known as the Birth of a Nation," is still making the rounds. It is, pictorially considered, a remarkable exhibition of film-making genius, and is worth the money charged for admission, and more; but, historically considered, it leaves much to be desired. We do not refer to the humili ating impersonation, under a fictitious name, of a famous Civil War states man, a bitter partisan, an uncompro mising enemy of the South, Thaddeus Stevens: nor to the vindication of the Ku-Klux, and its methods of violence and terror; nor to the exaltation of the Confederacy and the right of secession; nor to the plain implication that the North was wrong and the South was right. The questions of the Civil War are settled, and every tol erant and right-thinking American will not object to the best statement of the Southern cause that can be made. It is now one country, and there is one flag for all, and no thought o desire anywhere for a dif ferent situation. But the picture Is offensive to the last degree to colored Americans, and it Is not the time to annoy and alienate them needlessly, or wantonly, or thoughtlessly if Indeed there ever is a time. The Nation is at war with a mighty enemy, and the strength of united America is being tremendously tested. The colored people have sought place in the vanguard of the de fenders and saviors of democracy; and it is no time to remind them that some people are of one color and others of another. It is a time to regard them as Americans and as fellow-citizens. and to welcome them to their right ful place aa citizens who have equal duties and equal responsibilities with other citizens. Every time the cost of living rises, wages rise, then prices rise to pay the higher wages, and so on to the end of the chapter. The most needed super man is the one who can stop the process, for It really benefits nobody. Four daughters of a Forest Grove farmer are doing all the work of the farm and aver they like it; but some day they will marry city boys and live in apartments and never do any more work. That's the way the prizes go. The rate ,of a cent a mile granted by Director McAdoo to Grand Army veterans assures a large attendance in August. Why not make that event ake the place of Fourth of July and Rose Festival? Just as some people were beginning to worry about the supply of water next Summer, snow falls in the Cas cades. Do they ever consider who is running these things? As soon as a bit of the backlot is dry, get it ready for early peas. Wash ington's birthday, which comes next week. Is planting time here. Eighty-two millions more In wages for railroad men. What's a little mat ter like that in these days of billions? Just chicken feed. , The Serb has good cause to distrust the smooth words of the Austrian. He lias heard them before and has com pared with deeds. Switzerland ia insisting 6n passports, but if the Kaiser starts a flank move ment a passport will be the last thing he will consider. , . Ministers' wives are not the only silent people. The wife of the man always fussing around her in public could tell a lot- Up in Irrigon, where they do not need them, a man has patented an umbrella. On second thought, it may be a sunshade. GETTING READY FOB CHEAT DUTY Haw On Coaaty Is' Organizing; for ' Third Liberty loan. (Tba following report of an Oregon county manager for tha third liberty loan, mada to headquarter, is printed tor the purpoae of howing- what must ba dona to raise the needed amount, and what tha Individual citizen ia to expect. It la especially com mended to those patriotic citizens upon whom la to fail tha responsibility of making the canvass, and to those other citizens wno may not have given their Quotas ia former ioans: "I have to report that the work is already under way in this county. 1 have a committee of 18 taking off the tax records; another committee of SO now working San the registration roll of each precinct; 12 clerks at head quarters; an advertising committee of three, who have already reported space amounting to one-quarter page for the 26 days between March IS and April IS (if theje are the dates decided on for the campaign); a music committee of two members who have already or ganized a liberty chorus of tti people and this chorus is already at work on the patriotic songs purchased by me when in Portland; a committee of six on public meetings; a committee of six members to report on all policies of in surance carried by the local agencies in the county; a committee of one on absent citizens that is to get in touch with every one of our citizens who are temporarily away from home; a com mittee of two on foreign subscriptions. who are getting in toucn witn all tne large timber' companies, land compa nies, insurance, companies, railroad companies and others having interests in or doing business in county. he first of the week the commit tee on registration of employes will begin their work, so chat eery employe in our mills, lactones, business nouses; offices, etc, will be listed. For Sunday, the 10th, I have called a meeting of the bankers of the county to discuss ways, means and methods of handling the coming loan. You will observe that I have al ready had stationery prepared and also have had cards printed as per sample enclosed, which will show the name and residence of each person, the value of his property as shown by the assess ment roll, the total amount of insur ance he carries (for this I consider good evidence of the value he himself at least places upon his property), the amount of his bank account on Decem ber 31, l'Jll, the number in his family (o the committee on distribution can know his responsibilities), the salary or wages he receives, whether or ot he owns an auto, the amount he first sub scribed and the amount he subgcpetTed to the second liberty loan, the rating given him by the distribution commit tee, the amount of his individual qota for the next loan when the same- is fixed by the committee on distribution, the amount he subscribes and if not a place for the reason. "I am also having the unpaid mort gages listed, so that the indebtedness upon his property will show. "In this connection will state that 1 have appointed a committee of 12, from all the various interests, and these cards will be submitted to them just as soon as the total quota of County is announced. They sit as a jury and fix each man's quota and after this Is fixed the field workers are to' go after this amount. Under this system I hope the quota will not be changed during the campaign, for if so it will mean a redistribution and going over the ground a second time. "This system covers probably too much ground for a city campaign, but in a rural community like onrs I pur posely adopted it so that I could im press into service the greatest number of people. A man can't very well be a worker and a . slacker and he has to get himself right first before, he can make the other fellow come through. When the field force is called into ac tion I will have from 1000 to 15U0 at work in County and every corral and cowbarn will be searched and God help the slacker who is found in the haymow. ) "I am not going to make any prom ises for County, not one, but if we don't go over the top, why, call out the artillery. "All my soldiers who were notified from your office are reporting promptly for duty and I haven't a slacker to re port. I will send you a larger list next time when I get ready for the field workers. "I'm making this "yellow" stuff the most prominent whip I have, for I find It effective, and you back me up in it and I'll come nearer pulling it over. "People are accepting this in the greatest spirit imaginable and will continue to accept it. They have kept y phone hot all day and the office door hasn't been closed, all responding to the order received from your office. and they're not going to be permitted to become private citizens again until this job is finished. I may issue a few passes for Sunday from time to time. but rest assured the army is mobil ized right, now." SHORTER DAY IX LUMBER CAMPS Extent of President's Anthorlty to Pro-, claim Eiajht-Botar Basis Explained. PORTLAND. Feb. 14. (To the Edi tor.) Recent dispatches to The Ore gonian from Washington state that President Wilson will soon issue a proclamation proclaiming1 an eight hour day in the timber Industry of the Pacific Northwest, Whence comes his authority for doing this? Cannot he do the same for the railroad workers? Why not make it universal and end all industrial strife in that direction? GEORGE W. MELLEN. The President 'has no lawful author ity to enforce the eight-hour day In all sawmills. He has authority to re in Other Day. Twenfy-Flv Year Ago. v- From Tha Oragonlan February 13. 1893. Salem Ex-Speaker Geer adds to his qualities of statesmanship the faculty of a ready wit and a prompt repartee. The other day when Colonel Bob Miller was holding his audience - spellbound by his vehement -rhetoric during an attack of the Governor for refusing to allow the state cannon to be fired in honor of Cleveland's Inauguration, Mr. Geer said, when the Colonel paused for breath: "Oh. well, the Governor may be a little cranky about firing off his cannon, but he seems to have no ob jection to 'firing' a Colonel now and quire that Government contracts shall then." This reference to the redoubt be filled under the eight-hour system. Lumber for the Government is about 5 per cent of the cut of the principal mills in the Pacific Northwest, but it would be Impracticable to segregate this part of the work to be produced under the eight-hour law and to run the mills ten hours a day while pro ducing the remaining 95 per cent. ' The eight-hour law already prevails for the train-operating force of rail roads, and Secretary McAdoo may be given the same authority as to all other railroad employes. Change to the eight-hour system in the midst of war would be contrary to the principle agreed to by the Labor Department, the Labor Federation and the employers when this country went to war thr.t no advantage should be taken of t.ie- war to change existing standards. The war provides work enough for every man for as many hours as his health and efficiency per mit, and patriotio duty requires him to do that much work, just as it requires soldiers to remain on the firing line for a period of four to 14 days. If eight hours were adopted as a day's work merely as the basis for calculat ing wages, the same . end could be reached by paying the higher wages for a longer day. A time of war is no time to haggle about how many hours a man shall work. Every man should work as long as he can in order to defeat the enemy, just as he would fight a fire until it was put out. able Colonel's sudden departure from the Governor's staff some time ago, caused quite a laugh at his expense. Edward Holman Is still coroner of Multnomah County, but his official life Is of short duration. The Supreme Court Monday decided that the office belongs to Joseph Hughes, Mr. Hol man's opponent at the June election. Portland has four Justice courts, but not one of them was open yesterday. On the East Side are Justices Mc- Culloch and Bullock and on the West Side are Justices McDevltt and Wood. All of them were ill yesterday. Piles are soon to be driven for th East Side abuttment for the Burnslde- street bridge. TAX ALL BOGS TO PAY DAMAGES AnmsvIIIe Man Says Farmers Hold Remedy in Their Own Huds. XUMSVILLE, Or., Feb. 12. To the Editor.) I have owned dogs of various breeds and find that "where they-are good they are very good, and where they are bad they are horrid." I have lost heavily in Half a Centnry Ago. From The Oreg-onlan February 13, 1864. i Washington General Grant has on4 gaged Senator Trumbull as the counsel for the military authorities In the cas of McArdle. of Mississippi, against th military, to test the reconstructs: laws. Harpers Bazer is accredited with circulation of 100,000. 1 A correspondent for the Clnctnnat Commercial urges the nomination of Judge Chase for the presidency by th .Republican party. Charles Dickens, at Philadelphia, las visiting with George W. Childs. of the Ledger. At Boston. Dickens declined to attend chiirch and the Mobile Adver-J tiser now suggests it was because! Dickens is not interested in American! politics. ( Van B. DeLashmutt and Miss Marlsi Kelly were married yesterday morning MEMBERS OF FIRM ARE CITIZENS) When the chaplain is the right kind, he is the best man in the regiment. Pershing knows and wants more of them. Bolo Pasha will die as a traitor should. France handles such cases with neatness and dispatch. That snowfall, realizing it might be the last, lingered aa though it hated to go. Say, you dry folk, how would you like to be on the Champagne sector? Some men think staying home nights is a war sacrifice. The Bolshevik! are raising the stakes. SOME HUMAXS NEED BATHS,' TOO Thoroagh Sterilization" Hat Pecnllar Requirement of Dogs. NEWPORT, Or., Feb. 13. (To the Editor.) Some time ago I read T. T. Geer's article on dogs.. A little later 1 read Miss Linden's article and then thought no more of them, but now comes another of marked ability from the pen of S. Roy Matteson, of Gaston, who says Mr. Geer handled the. sub ject "most dexterously." He comments quite freely on Miss Lindens article, saying: "As Miss Linden makes spe cial comment on the necessity of clean liness In regard to the pet doggie, I will say that I agree with her, but wish to add. If she does this Job thoroughly t calls for more than Just soap and water. Nothing less than a thorough sterilization is sufficient, which calls for "four hours of steady boiling." Oh. that's cruel! But the man from Gaston says "nothing less" will do. However, all "that" might be applied to some two-legged dogs and then they wouldn't be clean. Again, Mr. Matte- son says: "During tne course, or time I have had several dogs, one In par ticular, that would drive the cows from the pasture, after much persuasion, at a speed slightly less than high and not quite down to Intermediate," etc., etc And yet that dog, with all his faults, he believes is now in "dog heaven." He had another that he called Kaiser. Too bad; he ought not to have insulted the poor dog like that. Mr. Gaston tens us tnis aog -snowea as much intelligence as any dog." How? 'By drowning himself in the -waters of the Shady Scoggins. nearby," he says. It seems to me that is a queer way of showing intelligence. It's a new way to me. Now. I have had a tew dogs myseir. One, with a little training. I could send for the cows as far as he could hear the bell. He would drive them home as carefully as any man could have done it; and he would see that very one was in the corral and the gate closed before he would go for his sup per. Later on, with a little more train ing, when the stock- was turned out on the commons, I could send him out with them and he would stay, with tirem all Jay; allow no other stock to Join them, and at sundown they would all be in the corral again. Another one: His master, going away in the morning, met with an accident on his return, but the dog ran home and gave the alarm. He gave it so plainly that they were Induced to follow him, and ho led the way to his master. Mr. Matteson says, "I bellev nearly every owner of a small flock of sheep In Oregon could easily add two columns more and the half would not be told." One of those sheepmen was here not long since and wanted to buy ours for a sheep dog. He offered $25 and would only cease trying to buy when he learned he could no 4tet the dog for .. . PATEQJi. years by dogs killing my sheep and goats. About two years ago the loss sustained, by dogs killing sheep and goats within a radius of three miles of this place amounted to about $500. People talk about "good dogs" and "worthless curs" as though there are two distinct classes of dogs. I believe Solomon's injunction, "Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it," will, in a great measure, apply to the train ing of the pup also. But a great many people are as slack and negligent about training their puppies as they are about the proper training of their children; therefore dogs and children otten go to the bad" and are blamed for that which their trainers are really respon sible. Some people believe -that dogs of cer tain breeds are more apt to kill sheep than those of other breeds. Perhaps they are right, but my observations lead me to. believe that this "Hoover ized" dog is the one most likely to damage the flocks. Some owners of dogs do not seem to believe it neces sary to feed them. But to the point: Tax all dogs and pay farmers for all loss sustained by dogs and wild animals injuring their flocks. Representative W. Al Jones, of Marion County, introduced and car ried such a bill through the Legisla ture at the last session, but it was finally declared by the court to be un constitutional However, a bill simi lar to this one can be drafted that will stand the test, and now, Mr. Farmer, it is up to you. Do not support anyone for a seat in the Legislature until you have exacted a promise from that one to work and vote for a bill of this na ture. With 8ich a law in force- many thou sands of sheep would be added to the flocks of the Willamette Valley. H. C. PORTER. Rnmor Concerning Milling Company1 Has No Foundation In Fact, ) VWWRmTrTT Wash Pah 13 tTti the past few the Editor.) Kindly let me know if 1 WHERE TO DRAW THE GIFT LINE No Valid Exnne Exists for a Soldier Newspaper, Hlllsboro Independent. The Independent is unable to find a valid excuse for the proposed news paper composed of contributions from Oregon counties designed for circula tion among troops from the state, for it performs no mission that cannot as well be performed by the local news papers of the various counties sent by relatives to men in the ranks. If the paper is a private enterprise, well and good, for it will succeed or fall accord ing to its merits, but it appears that public support is being asked, and for this we can find no justification. Just at present a heavy burden is being placed upon the American people. for they are being solicited for contri butions for many causes. In the main most of these are entitled to support, but we believe the time has come when a sharp line must be drawn. We must cheerfully face the fact that giving must be continuous and each will be called upon to part with a per centage of his income in proportion to its size, but there must be discrimina tion. All calls which have a direct bearing upon successful prosecution of the war, care of our soldiers in camps and hospitals must have first attention and next the charities to ameliorate the suffering of innocent victims. For all I these there should e giving to tue ut most and we must see to it that a mul tiplicity of lesser appeals does not di vert needed money from them. Hills boro was canvassed in the interest of the publication in question, but we do not know with what success. If the responses have no effect on later giv ing no harm has been done, but if it represented what otherwise might have gone to the Red Cross or the Belgian or Armenian funds, it was where the line should have been drawn. Allen and Sedition Laws RTCKREALL, Or., Feb.. 13. (To the Editor.) Will you please tell me if the alian and sedition laws, passed in 1798, are still in force? A.M.H. Two of them expired by express limitation. Our present naturalization law preserves some of the principles of the third. The fourth, relative to expulsion and Internment of enemy aliens, remained in the statutes and was recently elaborated or added to by Congress to meet conditions aris ing out of the present war. gtatns of Chinese and Japanese. THOMPSON SIDING, Or, Feb. 13. (To the Editor.) Please answer in your editorial column: (1) Can a Japanese or Chinese own property in Oregon or elsewhere in United States? (2) Can they become citizens of United States? Albers brothers, of Albers Bros. Mill ing Company, are citizens or the United: States or not. ) EDWARD SHEPPARD. It Is disclosed by the card upon, which the foregoing Inquiry is writ ten that the correspondent is proprie tor of a drug store in Kennewlck. It seems to be a sincere effort to learn, the truth concerning a rumor that has gained wide circulation. That rumor is of the thoughtless or malicious qual ity which nowadays obtains ready credence and the answer is given this space for that reason. Each of the Albers brothers is an American citizen of long standing, as examination of local records will dis close. Every department head jn every mill of the company is an American and none is of German lineage. Mr. George Albers, secretary-treasurer of the company, is chairman for the Pa cific Coast of the feeding stuffs' in dustry committee ofthe United States Food Administration an appointment that came to him unsolicited and in recognition of his knowledge of feed stuffs and of his standing as a citizen. The Government has other relations with the company that would not ba legal with an enemy alien, nor could the Government morally enter into them if the company was not actively and representatively American. The company has been a liberal sub scriber to all war activities f 1000 each to Red Cross, Y. M. C. A. and Armenian funds, and $760 to the Knights of Co lumbus fund. It has subscribed for $75.- 000 in liberty bonds, and on the first issue donated $2o towards each $100 subscribed for bonds by any employe. The company also presented a motor cycle to the Oregon Machine Gun Com pany and has been prominent in other patriotic movements. (1) (2) tzed, Yes, In most states. They cannot become natural- WIIY CHAFF IN LIBERTY BREAD f Even Potatoes, Rutabagas or Carrots Would Be Better, Says Physician. LINNTON, Or., Feb. 14. (To the Ed itor.) Comparative anatomy clearly shows that at a very remote period in the history of man, he had a secondary stomach or reservoir for the retention and elaboration of coarse food. We are told the appendix is the redumentary representative of that extra pouch or reservoir, now degenerated into an or gan of no use whatever, but on the contrary Is a source of considerable danger to the human economy in col lecting and retaining all manner of In digestible substances. Now, to leave the straw and chaff In the oatmeal that is going into tho liberty bread is making rather a sud den call on the human system for this extra stomach we formerly possessed, and I doubt very much if one can be elaborated before the end of the war. We were perhaps a million years shed ding this extra pouch, and it will no doubt take the same length of time to get it back- We all hope the war will not last that long. But, seriously, why leave in this chaff and indigestible substance? It has absolutely no nutritive value .and the only purpose it can possibly serve will be to discourage the use of liberty bread- We now have but 5 per cent cf this substitute for wheat flour. When it is increased to 30 per cent, as is pro posed, if coarse rolled oats are used, we will have to screw some sort of a grinder on the table by each plate and run our bread through before ne gotiating it with our present equip ment of teeth and digestive apparatus. Surely, with all the scientific machinery- for making the best flour in the world, which our millers possess, It is not necessary to leave this chaff in the rolled oats used as a substitute for wheat flour. Oatmeal or oat flour is a, wholesome,' nourishing food and no one will object to it, minus -the chaff. Put in potatoes, rutabagas, carrots or most any old thing, but leave out the chaff. S. M. MAJV.N, it. jj. Pronounced Three Ways. PORTLAND, Feb. 14. (To the Edi tor.) Please give the pronunciation of the word "cantonment." Webster's has the accent on the first syllable, but I notice most people accent the second syllable. SUBSCRIBER. Accent either the first or second syl lable. In accenting second syllable pronounced the "o" either as ia "do" or, "not," a Addresses of 'Bankers' Periodicals. DALLAS, Or., VebrH.- (To the Edi tor.) What are the addresses of the following periodicals: (1) Southern Banker, (2) "Montana Banker, (3) Western Banker? N. B. MILLS. (1) Atlanta. Ga. (2) Not listed In available directories. (3) San. Frajn Cisco, also Omaha,