Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, November 24, 1917, Image 10

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Morning Oregonian., November 24, 1917, Page 10, Image 10

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Newspaper Page Text10 THE 3IORXIXG OREGONIAX, SATURDAY, XOVEMIsEI. 24, 1917. PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postoffles as second-class mail matter. Subscription rates Invariably in adrance: (Br Mall.) Dally, Sunday Included, ona year ...... ..$8. 00 L'aily. Sunday Included, alx months 5 Dally, Sunday included, three months... 2.25 Daily, Sunday Included, one month Daily, without Sunday, one year........ S-00 X'ally. without Sunday, six months 8.25 Dally, without Sunday, three months.... 1.J5 Dally, without Sunday, one month... 00 Weekly, one year .........-.. 1-00 Sunday, one year .......... ....... 2.50 Sunday and weekly .'.... 3.60 By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday included, one year $9.00 Dally, Sunday included, one month 75 Daily, without Sunday, one year Dajly, without Sunaay, three months.... 1-85 Daily, without Sunday, one month 5 How to Remit Send poetoffice money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postofflce address In full, including- county and state. Postage Kates 12 to 16 pages, 1 cent: 18 to S2 pages. 2 cents: 84 to 48 pages, 3 cents; off to 60 pages, 4 cents; 62 to 76 pages, 5 cents; 78 to 82 pages, 6 cents. Foreign post age double rates. Kaatern Business Office Veres Conklln Brunswick building. New Tork; Veree . 4-onklln. Steger building, Chicago; Ban Fran cisco representative, R. 3. Bidwell, 742 34r ket street. MKMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis patches credited to it or not otherwise cred ited In this paper and alio the local news published herein. AH rights of republication of special dis patches therein are also reserved. PORTLAND. SATURDAY, NOV. 84, 1917. HOW DEMOCRACY ORGANIZES FOR WAR. Most striking of the many admir able points In the plan for further drafts prepared by Provost Marshal General Crowder is its essential de mocracy. The registered men are to be classified by men from their own vicinity or from a larger district, com posing the local Or district selection boards, and will be advised in answer ing the questionnaire by lawyers chosen from among their neighbors. Those who are called to service will be physically examined by physicans from their own neighborhood. All of these men board members, lawyers and doctors will be volunteers, serv ing the Nation as a. civic duty. In principle the Bystem is a parallel to the Jury system as It originally ex isted when jurors served without pay. It is a recognition that democratic government Is a co-operative effort of the people themselves, through bodies of men springing from among them. The classification for selective serv ice is as nearly ideal as anything human can be, when at the Battle time it is completely new and untried. It reduces to system that principle which, for lack of time, could be ap plied only roughly and imperfectly at the first draft. As General Crowder says, we must arrange the registrants "in the order in which they can be taken with the least disturbance," but we must bear in mind that "to raise an Army necessitates an inroad into the man power of the Nation," and that "the necessity of raising an Army Is paramount." It would be impossible to exempt entirely men engaged In agriculture and Industry without unduly limiting the supply of men to the Army. If we were to keep men in the farm or the factory rather than impair our forces for producing food or muni tions by sending those men to the fighting line, we should, as General Crowder well says, "relegate the United States to the role of Butler of the fighting nations," an ignoble role which we refuse to play. There fore, we shall not endeavor to "main tain the labor supply of agriculture and of every industry Intact," but shall "make the withdrawal of men in the most scientific manner pos sible." This, however, does not Imply that. ven if every registered man were drafted, the farm and factory would be stripped of men. Presuming that the labor supply comprises men Be tween the ages of 18 and 60, those between 21 and SI are only 31 per rent of the total number, and at least 62 per cent of these "will be found in classes more deferred than class 2 by reason of dependents,, alienage and the like," so that only 12 per cent of the aggregate labor supply would be withdrawn. Before the draft would reach class 4, which includes' "the men whom we shall take as a last resort," it is probable that the law will have been extended to cover those who have reached the age of 21 since registration day, and, perhaps, all over 18. This would make two or three million more men available before class 4 was reached. Although the selection boards will have a great work to do in classifying the men, it has been much lightened by adoption of the questionnaire, for the number of forms used has been reduced from 182 to 19. This saves a vast amount of clerical work, esti mated at 70 per cent of that done on the first draft. When the classifica tion is completed, nothing will remain except to summon the men in each class in the order in which their names were originally drawn as each draft is made and to subject them to physical examination. A smoothly and rapidly working system will have been established. Most significant are the closing words of General Crowder's exposi tion of the system to the local and district boards, which he pronounces "an essential and highly specialized part of the war organization of this Nation," for he thus predicts that selective military service will remain permanently established: Whether Germany has taurht us or whether we have learned it ourselves, w know one thing So clearly and so well tha we will never again have doubt of It. The volunteer method of raising an army for war is gone. It will never return. Th principle of selection has been tried and proved by our people. I am led to believe that they approve it with substantial unan Jmity. If It Is good for this time of peril it is good for all future emergencies. Th wonder is that a people so devoted to bus Ties a efficiency should have hesitated to adopt it. It is of the essence of democrac and National effectiveness. The presen method for its expression integrates wit our political system so perfectly, respond so smoothly and so well to our dual form o atate and National control that it would be calamitous to have it impaired. The prln rlple of selection is established. The systel for selection Improved as we can Improve 1 must become and remain a permanent part of our governmental systesa for war. It li a link which binds closer our union states and our resulting general Govern ment. It is for this reason that t say that we are standing not at the portals of th past, but rather at the threshold of a fu lure. Only imperative necessity in a great war drove us to adopt this system, which has become wrongly associated in our minds with military despotism although its modern revival is due to a. nation which had newly emanci pated itself from a despot and which used it successfully to repel invasion by autocrats. Only practical expert ence could convince us of its essential democracy and justice, and of the scientific precision with which it brings the anight of the Nation into play. Now that necessity has given us that experience. It la not to be be eved tbat we shall ever Cast aside the selective system. More probably Its good effects on our citizens will lead to final adoption of universal training-, if for the sake of those effects alone. WHY NOT THE COLUMBIA RIVER ALSO? Apparently the men who propose that the Government assist in build ing steel and wooden barges for op- ration on inland waterways to relieve. the freight congestion on railroads are Ignorant of the existence of the Columbia River, for it is stated that they propose to place all of these craft on the Mississippi. The railroads of the Pacific Northwest need equal re lief, for there is a shortage of several thousand cars on the Southern Pacific in Oregon, and there were loud com plaints from the North Bank road when it was ordered to turn over cars to the Southern Pacific. There is wide scope fo'r barge lines on the Columbia River between Port land and Priest Rapids, for many thousand tons of grain, feed, fruit. wool and livestock could be moved by water from the valley and tributary country reached by roads passable for auto trucks. Before the next high season in the Willamette River the new locks at Oregon City will be fin ished, and in addition to the commodi ties named, much lumber could be moved by water from points as far south as Eugene and a great impetus could be given to the languishing lum ber industry of the Willamette ralley. The Government wants ship timbers and spruce lumber, and it could ob tain much from that section by resort to water transportation. It is dis posed to derive some benefit from the undreds of millions which it has ex pended on the Mississippi River and its tributaries; benefit also should be derived from the millions it expended on the Cascade Locks and the Celllo Canal. There is work for the Oregon dele gation in Congress to do in the way of nlightenlng Congress and the Ship ping Board on the opening for water transportation on the Columbia and its tributaries. The towns along those streams would not be slow to co-op- erake by building docks and ware houses with modern loading facilities. BRAVE VENICE. The new threat upon "Venice serves as a reminder that few cities since this war began have withstood the strain so well or have risen more ob)y to their responsibilities. The pirlt which once made Venice great. and which some believed had been submerged in the commercialism which had been given to exploiting the tourist trade, is again regnant. Venice not only has guarded her own treasures and her own people, but has played an important part in relieving the distress of fellow Italians who flocked by thousands to her confines from the unredeemed towns along the Austrian Adriatic. Non-employment and high costs of living have been faced by the people without flinching. It is a remarkable achievement for a city of at most 50,000 people in normal times to have offered in a single year of a war million and a half of lire in labor wages to the unemployed and at the same time to have fed 20,000 people of non-laboring age or condition con stantly. This was done in spite of the cutting off of practically all com merce, the destruction of the fishing industry and the departure of all tourists, who formerly had been reck oned a prime asset, from the city. Soaring prices were checked by drastic municipal regulations, which were enforced to the letter, but the people accomplished most of their work by the simple expedient of tax- ng themselves. They contributed heavily, in addition to the share they bore in the general war taxes of the nation. And now Venetians are be ginning to say that it is a good thing that the tourist trade has left them for a time. It has taught them self reliance and has freed them fromde- pendence upon a partly servile means of occupation. Reconstructed Venice when peace is declared will find, itself economically, as well as spiritually, made over. THE REAL FOOD MENACE. While the need" of wheat and meat Is as pressing as ever in the conduct of our military operations, threat ened scarcity of dairy supplies consti tutes the real menace to the world be cause of its direct bearing upon the nourishment and physical develop ment of children. This will be felt first and already is being felt -by the central powers, but no country in the world is safe. Dairy herds are growing smaller both In Europe and the United States, both because of the high prices of meat, which have prompted killing in order to turn the animals into cash in the quickest pos sible time, and the high price of feed which has reduced the profits of the dairyman. The outlook for the young is all the more serious because it will take years to restore tha herds even in normal times; a single world s bumper crop of cereals on the other hand could quite easily eradicate all memory of famine in grain. With the exception of these dairy products, howevsr, tha bulk of the world's food is consumed In the countries where it is produced, ac cording to Professor G. B. Roorbach, of the University of Pennsylvania, who points out that "large as Is the Inter national trade in food products, it represents but a small proportion of the food grown and consumed at home." The United Kingdom and Belgium are usually pointed out as the countries most largely dependent upon the outside world, but even these countries produced in the pre-war period 53 per cent and 57 per cent. respectively, of their own require ments. It is a safe prediction that Great Britain will exceed this percentage after the war ends, although it is doubtful whether Belgium will be able to do so, -but in any event the trade balance in food, is not likely to be greatly changed. France was sup plying 93 per cent of her own re quirements before the war, and Ger many 88 per cent. Professor Roor bach' says that food production in the United States is ten times as great as food exports, and that even these exports are nearly offset by our food imports. "In other words," ho says, "the United States is scarcely able to pay for imported food with food which is exported." . . It is a mistake to suppose that the Western Hemisphere is the "granary of the world," as some have assumed. Even Argentina, sparsely populated as it is, actually consumes twice as much as she exports. Europe, for all its Industrial development and dense population, is still the greatest agricultural region of the world. With comparatively little additional effort it could supply itself with all the grain, potatoes and sugar R needs But the dairy Industry is compara tively restricted. Holland, Switzer land, Denmark, Sweden and parts of Russia have been the chief reliance for supplies of milk, butter and cheese, and these countries, in common with the United States, have been sacrifi cing their herds. Whatever may be said of their unwisdom, the fact re mains. The lesson to Americans is plain. It is that an especial effort should be made to preserve, and, where neces sary, restore, the dairy industry. At tention to the grading of herds is par ticularly necessary. We must not rely on European countries, as we have done in the past, for much of our fine stock. Europe will need her own dairy cattle at home, and is quite likely to restrict, if not prohibit, exportations. From the dairyman's point of view, America must stand on her own bottom. It is a duty that should not be ignored by farmers in planning for the future. T F.AC II RCSSIA BY EXAMPLE. The one need of the Russian peo ple is education in democracy. Their experience under the Czars has led them to regard all government as synonymous with tyranny, and any subjection to authority as loss of lib erty. Example can best teach them the distinction between the tyrannical authority exercised by an Irresponsi ble despot and his creatures iftid the lawful authority emanating from the people which is exercised by the of ficials of a government responsible to the people. Americans are best quali fied to set this example of self-restrained democracy. Hence there is merit in the sug gestion made in the Outlook by Dr. Malcolm C. Grow, who has served in the Russian army, that an army of a hundred thousand Americans be sent to Russia as a living example of dis ciplined democratic force, in which soldiers 'obey and respect their offi cers, while officers respect the rights of their men and treat them humanely. Such a force, getting results by prompt obdtence to orders, would contrast with Russian troops which hold a meeting to decide whether they will obey an order, who abandon vital po sitions which they have been ordered to hold, and arrest a General who demurs. Dr. Grow credits his sugges tion to many Russian officers, who said: If the United States could send over one hundred thousand soldiers and place them at various points on the front where our men can see the citizens of the oldest and best example of domocraey obeying orders, work ing and flKhtlna-. loyal and obedient to their officers, they will observe all this and rea son thus: Here are free men, democrats. under strict discipline, obeying cheerfully; surely this Is the spirit of true democracy; we, in order to be successful, must do the same. In other words, fight propaganda with propaganda; and the best propaganda Is not words, but deeds. Do this, and we will have discipline in the army in a few months. and with discipline in the army of demo cratic Russia democracy will be safe through out the world for all time. This plan may be Impracticable while the Bolshevik! are in nominal control, but their power is likely to be short-lived and, if preparations be gan now, they would probably have been overthrown by the time the American Army was ready to sail. The possible results to the allied cause are so great that the experiment seems worth making. PROMISCUOUS LETTER WRITING. Out of misgivings as to the pro priety and virtue of the plan. The Oregonian has refrained from pub lishing numerous letters from young soldiers inviting unknown girls to correspond With them. A rather In definite confirmation of Its doubts now comes from the women's committee of the Council of National Defense. The statement of the women's com mittee refers specifically and only to "godmothering." Whether "god mothering" is both correspondence and personal communication between soldiers and women who express an Interest in the moral welfare of the former, is not disclosed. But the cases seem to be nearly parallel with what ever of moral .advantages there might be on the side of "godmothering" as the term is commonly understood. "Neither the War Department nor the woman's committee of the Coun cil of National Defense is furnishing names of soldiers for godmothering," says Mrs. Philip Moore, chairman of the health and recreation department of the woman's committee. She says that this practice has not been found to be practicable. "While the War Department appreciates deeply . the fine spirit in which the women are offering to write to soldiers at the front," says Mrs. Moore, "the experi ence of France and England has proved that the plan ultimately works more harm than good. General Sie bert has recently issued a statement from France to this effect, showing his marked disapproval of the idea. We receive so many letters asking for the names of soldiers that a state ment should be made through the press stating that we are not indorsing the plan." It might be asked what possible harm could come from correspond ence between a young woman and a soldier she never saw if the girl were In Portland and the soldier in Okla homa, or North Carolina, or Hawaii, or France. For one thing, publica tion of the names of soldiers desir ing such correspondence would open an opportunity for adventurers of both sexes that would hardly be over looked. It would not be difficult for a man who lived by his wit to im personate a girl letter-writer, lead up in the correspondence to trouble and financial difficulties, and finally ob tain money from a wholehearted, in genuous youth. Whether promiscuous correspond ence .interferes with training and camp duties we do not know, nor are we advised as to what satisfaction a young soldier obtains from the letters of a girl he never saw, who has no friends in common with him, no ac quaintances, and whose similarity in tastes, diversions and everyday inter ests is wholly a matter of chance. It Is a poor stick of a youth who has I errown up in a community without acquiring some girl friend who can write to him entertainingly and sym pathetically. So many are the requests from spl- diers to publish invitations to girls to write to them, and so numerous are the requests from girls for the names of soldiers who desire corre spondents, that some authoritative word as to the propriety of printing them would be welcomed by the press, Potato growing was so successful in the past season in the British Isles that a large surplus is now reported and farmers are asking permission of the food controller to sell their hold ings at a price below the minimum fixed by law, it having been found that at a figure of something like 45 cents a bushel there will be a consid erable demand from manufacturers of starch- and technical alcohol. Ac- count has also been taken of the needs of the people of Francs) and the British statistics are of interest to the people of the United States be cause they indicate that it will not be necessary -to ship a single potato across the Atlantic. Great Britain has not even yet perfected the art of preserving potatoes by drying to the extent that this Is done in Germany, and will be compelled to utilize its supplies before they deteriorate or suffer loss. An example of the degree to which farmers have been enriched by the war is furnished by Dickinson County, Kansas. In the ten years from 1907 to 1917 the population has increased but slightly, namely, from 24,373 to 25,705, but the value of Its field crops increased from $4,873,000 in 1907 to $6,370,000 in 1916, and is expected to pass the $7,000,000 mark this year. according to the New Tork Evening Post. In the ten years the value of the wheat crop has grown from $1,122,000 to $3,600,000; of milk and butter from $750,000 to $1,000,000; of alfalfa and forage crops from $424,000 to over a million dollars, the price having risen from $8 to $20 a ton. In the same period the county has bought and paid for 3100 automobiles, and is now buying them at the rate of two a day, and bank deposits and real estate values have more than doubled. All of this increase has come from the soil, for there are no factories except grain mills. The record fails to show for what amount of liberty bonds these wealthy farmers subscribed, but it.loes prove that the next drive should be aimed especially at the rural districts. Architects are being mobilized rap idly for war work, and a surprisingly wide field has been found for their especial activities. Of 4000 who of fered their services through the Amer ican Institute of Architects, only 1000 were rejected as being beyond mili tary age or otherwise unfit, and a large number have .already been as signed to duty. An important phase of their work will be the translation of photographs taken from aeroplanes into war maps and another will be the superintendence of German prisoners employed in reconstruction work be hind the lines. More than 500 archi tects and draftsmen have been fur nished to the Signal Corps, and an additional number have found their metier in the camouflage units. They will fit quite naturally into various enterprises in. which knowledge of sanitation Is required. A second call by the institute is expected to double the number ot men available before the first of the coming year, and all look forward to early servica in France. " Louisiana has enlisted side by side with Maryland and West Virginia in the campaign against idleness while the war is on. Henceforth able bodied men-who spend their leisure hours in the parks and sitting on curbstones and who refuse employ ment when it is offered to them will be compelled to give an account of themselves. The practical working out of the scheme was illustrated re cently when a call came from the sugar planters for help. The police made a round-up, and all the idlers who were willing to go to work were released from jail, the. others being sentenced to various terms in the local workhouses. General adoption of sim ilar tactics is working wonders in other localities. Charitable Institu tions have also been asked not to feed any able-bodied men, but to refer all to official employment agencies,' which will give them opportunities to earn their bread in the sweat of their faces. The latest casualty occurred when an auto truck was hit by a streetcar during a morning tog. In the' very nature of the affair, it was unavoid able. Traffic during these heavy fogs requires more than vigilance, and the human being does not possess the re quirement. It is a trait of the human character to "swipe" a few lumps of sugar or a few ' little crackers from the res taurant table without intending real dishonesty, but if a man thinks his neighbor is watching him the enor mity of the crime deters him. Los Angeles eliminates the saloon. but permits sales in "original pack ages" of wines and liquors that do not contain more than 14 per cent of alcohol. There'smuch "joy" even in that percentage. Old certificates of exemption are revoked and every registrant not in the service must go up for examina tion. There are enough single men to fiir the calls, and the Government will get them. . The law that forbids Americans re celvlng decorations from foreign gov ernments should be amended to allow soldiers and sailors to accept. It will not spoil an American to wear a medal after this war. The section of ground recaptured by the allies can be visualized If one contemplates a strip as wide as from the Willamette to Montavilla, and ex tending from the Columbia half way to Salem. ' If Judge Kenesaw Landis had been able to collect that $29,000,000 fine from Standard Oil, he would have had unlimited money to spend on the soldiers. If there is anything in the rumor that Pershing is to marry a young woman of Los Angeles after the war. It Is up to the General to hasten the end. Limiting purchase of sugar to a dollar's worth will not stop excessive consumption unless the head of the house scrutinizes the bills. How can Chicago kill off saloons at the present rapid ' rate and yet maintain Its position as the sixth Ger man city in the world? The next drive will be as modest as It is meritorious. It will raise $700, 000 to put a Testament in each sol dier's kit. Will somebody please tell Villa to go way back and sit down, as Uncle Sam Is busy with bigger game Just now? Von Hindenburg would better take the fragments of his line and carry them back to Germany. This is- the last day of the two big shows. Make it a strenuous afternoon and evening. Throwing rocks at a strikebreaker's house is not good union arjjuuicat, MORE "LESS" DAYS ARE NEEDED Crresondent Suggest Attaching; the -Suffix to Ilanquets and Cigars- YALE, Wash.. Nov. 22. (To the Ed itor.) In The Oregonian November 16 I read an article dated Chicago, Novem ber 15. In which It is stated that the chair of Charles F. Cline. United States District Attorney, at a $5-a-chair ban quet, was found empty. The reason given was that $5 a plate means waste. I am, and 1 am sure many thousands of other women are glad that he takes this stand, fgr to waste food at this stage of the game is a sin. The women of this broad land of ours are urged to sign cards declaring their willing ness In every way possible to tre4p con serve the food supply, to knit and to sew, to have wheatless days and meat less days, to be patriotic all of which we are gladly dorng to the utmost of our ability. Not only these little sac rifices are we cheerfully making, but in seeing our beloved sons marching away to sert'e the country in this cruel conflict we are sacrificing our hearts' dearest treasures. More than this can no one do, and still the cry goes on, conserve he food supply. It seems to me that this problem is mostly up to the women, and we are most happy to do our bit, but why, may I ask,- should the mothers and children have wheatless and meatless days, while clubmen and different kinds of men's organizations are having their Jo-a-plate banquets and while our speakers go about telling us what to do to conserve the country's supplies, to buy liberty bonds, to work dilisently for the Red Cross, when immediately after their talk, which is always appre ciated, they liprht a 10, 15 or 25-cent clfrar and puff the fumes Into the room, thereby befouiinjr the air that the children must breathe, to say nothing about how unpleasant It may be to the remainder of Jhe audience? I ask is this extravagance or conser vation of our resources? I for one and there are many more who would if need be have all meatless, wheatless days until the end of the war if we might thereby add one day's comfort to the brave boys who have gone over to face in the trenches an almost In vincible foe. Men, let's have banquet less, cigarless davs. M. J. VAN PEARSK. IS I1EAS MARKET MANIPULATED' Grower Asserts Orriton Product In Re tailed aa "California Choice." HILLSBORO. Or.. Nov. 23. (To the Editor.) I see by my paper that there s a difference of 5 cents in the price of California and Oregon beans. Why is this? Nine persons out of 10 prefer Oregon beans to eat, and many who never ate beans before they were grown commercially In Oregon use thfm now freely. It looks like the Jobbers and specu lators are handing a lemon to the peo ple who tried to be patriotic. The Ore gon beans will be Oregon beans until they get them, then they will be "Cali fornia choice." If California beans are superior to ours why do they send here for seed? I know this to be a fact, for one ton of mine went there. Pome time ato a young man of my locality fold his beans for 11 cents and his neighbor went to the same store and had to pay 18 cents Cali fcrnia beanw, you see. One of those slick-tongued buyers come to see me last Fall and said he had come from California to buy my beans and that they were buying up beans to burst up the Bean Orowers Association of California; that as soon as they did beans would take a slump. well, I did not sell him my beans and they took a slump all right, to 20 cents. The crop Is light this year and. grow ers are entitled to a fair price. C. D. FA UN HAM. i-reviona service ana unit. r PORTLAND, Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) 1) When did the Philippine war begin and end? (2) Is an ex-soldier within the age limit subject to draft who has seen service in this former war? In any former war? (3) Would service as a private In the Army from April 4, 1901. to December 5. 1903, give an ex-soldier exemption from draft into the Army? (4) Is a volunteer entitled to and does he receive any "preference of choice" as to the branch of military or naval service into which he may be enlisted over-the drafted man A. S. ROBERTS. (1) The Philippine Insurrection be gan in 1S99 and ended in 1900. (2) Tes. (3) No. (4) The volunteer has a choice of the branch of service; the drafted man has not. The units in which a volun teer enlists are, however, subject to transfer; a cavalry regiment might be converted Into field artillery or an in fantry regiment transferred to the transport service or similar changes made. Farm Manasrers and Draft. AMITY, Or.,. Nov. 22. (To the Edi tor.) My brother Is in the draft. He and I have rented a wheat and oat farm of 367 acres. Hands are so scarce we can hardly"" get anyone. Will he have to go, and what time will he be called, and what class will he be in? SUBSCRIBER. The questionnaire, which will be mailed to your brother, will contain a blank for filling in a claim for ex emption or deferred classification. If his claim of deferred classification is approved he will be put in the third class as a "necessary associate In a ncessary agricultural enterprise." Clas sification in class 3 is equivalent to a temporary discharge conditional upon the continuing existence of the status of the registrant which Is the basis of his classification. So long as the local quota can be filled from class 1, men In class 2. 3 or 4 will not be se lected. Where Author Died. PORTLAND. Nov. 22. (To the Edi tor.) Kindly tell me if Richard Hard ing ravls died "at his home. Aleo Is his first wife livinsr, if so, where, and is she married again? What yMr was he divorced from his first wife? Which one was granted the divorce and for what reason? ' GERTRUDE ELLIS. . Richard Harding Davis died at his home. His first wife was Cecil Clark, whd divorced him for desertion JuiT 8, 1912. We have no record of her -subsequent life. Claim of Exemption. NEWBERG. Or., Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) I would like you to tell me where and to whom one with a depend ent wife and child should apply for exemption from service In the Army. A. NEWBERG KR. Each registrant will receive by mail a questionnaire, on the first page of which are blanks to be filled out by those claiming exemption or deferred classification.' ' Service- Flasr Mar Be Shown. PORTLAND. Nov. 23. (To . the Edi tor.) Am I entitled to a service flag in my window? I have a daughter who Is a registered nurse and enlisted" with the U. S. Government service as an Army corps nurse In a Government hospital. She has also enlisted as a Red Cross nurse, A MOTHER. Yes. When a member of a family is enlisted In any capacity the family may display, a service flag with a star. KANSAS OFFER. SHOULD BE MET Writer Urges That Salary Inducement lie Made to Dr. Kerr. MILL CITT. Or., Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) I read with interest your eulogy of Dr. Kerr, president of tha Agricultural College, but was very much disappointed that you did not advocate energetically a raise in sal ary high enough to keep Dr. Kerr in his position. We are spending mil lions of dollars right now for war pur poses to save democracy, but when we need money for educational purposes or for building roads or improving harbors We have enormous difficulties to oversorne before we get the neces sary appropriations. The Agricultural College today is recognised all over the Visited States as one of the best In the country. Who made it wliat it is? Dr. Kerr. The Oregon farmers are doing wonders un der the leadership of this remarkable man and I consider the school the big gest asset Oregon has and would con sider it a great calamity if we should lose Dr. Kerr. We spend money lots of times more foolishly than in a case of this kind, where the man has proved arfabsolute success in every respect and where an Eastern college not only will cuarantee him $10.noo a year salary, but promises mm additional salary If he only will come. If Dr. Kerr is worth all that to that Eastern school, is he not worth as much or more to us? We should never have to lose him. as far as the money question is concerned. 1 also firmly believe we should do much more for the Agricultural College than we are doing. It is our bread and butter. It sives us better farmers, bftter mechanics and better house wives. The college proves its worth everyday in the year and the people are well paid for their investment. I am not personally acquainted with Dr. Kerr, but I was fortunate enough to visit the college. I have gone through all the departments and could see with mys own eyes Oregon's most wonderful working institution. The pity of it Is that not more Oregonians have a chance personally to inspect this school. Corporations pay $10,000. nay $30,000 yearly salaries to the right -man, so when you have a man who has proved his worth and who has made the colt Ioko what it is today and what it stands for, why not retain him? Oregon can well afford to pay the doctor a de cent salary and I am pure some of the professors also oueht to he better paid than they are. Ail.N'OU) KKLLElt Opnortanltles to Volunteer. TILLAMOOK. Or.. Nov. 21. (To the Editor.) (1) Can a man within the draft are enlist in any of the differ ent branches of the Army or Navy after December 15. or will he be com pelled to wait until he is called by draft? (2) What branches of the service are still open for volunteers? (3) What branches of the service will those men be fitted for who are tnklng the ordnance course at the Uni versity of Oregon? GEORGE SPENCER. (1) After noon December 15 a regis trant may not enlist voluntarily ex cept in the Navy or marine corps and then only when his class and order number are certified by the local hoard and be not within the current draft quota, and except also in the medical corps when the registrant is particu larly qualified for that service. (2) AH except the cavalry branch, which is open only to previous service rr.cn. (3) Commissioned and non-commissioned rank in the ordnance corps. Away WKii Uk-m asil Itooatera. PORTLAND. Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) Anent letter of Richard Flani gan regarding the right of his rooster to crow, will say: Yes. undoubtedly it has such right, but this man's neigh bor, also, has rights, and one of them is to demand that Mr. Klanitcan keep the unseemly noise of his rooster con fined within the limits of his. own lot. Tes. let dogs tmrk and roosters crow, but confine their noise to your own premises, and do not trespass on the God-given rights of your neighbor Rooster and dog do not in any manner aid Mr. Hoover's plan for conserving food, and are both nuisances in a city, and causes ot neighborhood' rows. Away with them. A. J. MARTIN. Machinists In Aviation' Corp. HILLSBORO. Or., Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) (1) Can a man who has been exempted because of dependents enlist in the aviation service, as a machinist, that Is. if he is a machinist? ? (2) What will his duties be, and what wages will he receive? (3) Where will he go to enlist? (4( Can he be drafted for any other kind 6f service after he has enlisted In the aviation corps? SUBSCRIBER. (1) No. (2) Shop work $30 a month at en listment. (3) Worcester building, Portland. (4) No. HOW UNCLE SAM CATERS TO HIS NEW ARMY Is Told in The Sunday Oregonian Here's a task to appal the cleverest hotel man who ever planned a banquet that of catering to the many cantonments of America's new Army. It calls for 81,000,000 pounds of fresh beef, 10,500,000 gallons of fresh milk, 24,000,000 bushels of wheat, while the soulful bnion comes in for recognition to the matter of 325,000 bushels. Read this interesting and informative article in the Sunday issue. MODERN CLOTHES ARE MAKING VENUSES It's the fact, by the testimony of artists, that the modern modes are encouraging the development of figures that have all the classic lines of ancient Greece, with a shade of improvement over the storied beauties of "the days that come no more.'' There are pictures with this story, and photographs, which seem clearly to sustain the contention. BILLIONS FOR WAR STEEL Tracing the steel industry from its most important source in the Minnesota ore regions, Frank G. Carpenter, special contributor to The Sunday Oregonian, has visited the great steel plants at Gary, Indiana. There is something deeper than mere casual interest in this article, for it makes clear the importance of this industry in the war waged by America. CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS If you want to know what the schools of Portland are doing, or where and when to attend church services, the special departments of the Sunday issue will inform you. Read Dr. Joshua Stansfield's stirring sermon on the inspiration of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." "THE COLLEGE CLASSROOM" If your career was prefaced by a college education you are going to enjoy the page of sketches by W. E. Hill, in The Sunday Oregonian. You'll enjoy them anyhow for they are people we all know, those characters in crayon. UNCLE SAM A WORLD FIGHTER Into this story is woven the clash of cutlasses, the cheers of storming parties and the thunder of broadsides from the frigates of old and over all streams the flag. For the role of warrior in the lists of world combat is no new one for America. A strong story of historical fact, excel-' lently written. SCORES OF FEATURES In every issue of The Sunday Oregonian there is a choice collection of special articles and departments, which form a foil of "magazine reading" for the scores of columns that treat fully and reliably of the world's events, at home and abroad. For News, Features and Funnies buy THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN In Other Days. Twenty-five Years Ago. From The Oregonian. November 24, 1S92. Washington. Cleveland is being pressed by both Democrats and Repub licans to call an extra session of Con gress to get to work on the tariff re vision. The job-hunters are the only ones who object. There is a possibility that the North ern Pacific may lose its grant lands west of Hismarck. as the new Congress, it is said, is disposed to forfeit them. Stamboul set a new world's mi!a record for trotting stallions yesterday at Stockton, going the distance iu 2:07l,s. The Oregon Ice Company has an nounced it would make no more Sun day deliveries. Salvini will open his engagement at the Marquam Grand Monday night in "Don Caesar de Batan." Later he will appear as the Intrepid D'Artagnan in "The Three Guardsmen." B. R. Baumgarten. of the Oregon Academy of Science, has prepared an explanatory description of the meteor showers that ' have been recurrir.jr of lam. Laj-t night there was another beautiful display. rrary Skilled AKrirnMurlstx." NORTH POWDER. Or.. Nov. 21. (To the Editor.) Will you inform me what is considered a skilled agriculturist as pertaining to the new draft reirula. tlons? . C. K. DAVIS. The term used is "necessary skilled agriculturist." The district board will fiist determine whether the branch of arriculture in which the registrant ia engaged is "necessary"; that is to say, whether its discontinuance or serious interruption oi materially reduced pro duction would b detrimental to the effective operation of the military es tablishment or forces or to the main tenance of the National interest during the emergency. The particular enter prise must produce an appreciable ex cess over the amount of agricultural produce necessary for the maintenance of those living on the place. The word "necessary" as applied to the relation of a registrant to neces sary agricultural enterprise is defined by a number of broad rules dealing with the effect of his removal and thd availability of men to take his place, and by circumstances showing that he is not now so ensaged for the primary purpose of evading military service. Skill is determined from the nature of the claimant's study, training and experience and the extent and value of his qualification for the capacity in which he is engaged. Volunteers and Draft. PENDLETON, Or., Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) Will It be possible, for a young man attaining the ace of 21 since June 5 to enlist In Army or Navy after December 13, or does enlistment close to those who registered June 5. or is enlistment in either service closed to all after December l.i. O. P. LESLEY. Voluntary enlistments are closed on and after December 15 only to draft registrants. A man who has attained his 21st year eince Jane 5 Is not a draft registrant. Registrants whoso classifications and numbers are not within the local quota may volunteer thereafter for Navy or Marine Corps, while any registrant especially quali fied may voluntarily enlist in the Army Medical Corps. MsrrlsKe of Flrat Cousins, PORTLAXD. Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) I asked a reputable lawyer the following question, but lie had to con fess that, he could not answer it; may I turn to The Oregonian? What were the grounds on which the marriage of first cousins (cousin germane) was forbidden in Oregon? What were tha arguments in favor of it and what weM the prevailing influences of the tti.'i when passed? CONTANT KBADER. You should have consulted a biologist Instead of a lawyer. Such laws ara based upon the premise that inbreeding tends to sterility and degeneration. New Word la tiood. PORTLAND, Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) Anent the new word "pacifist." used quite commonly of late in" tha press, 1 beg to ask enlightenment as to its standing as good English, having in mind the word "pacificist" as the ona found In the "Century," the word "pacifist" being conspicuous by its ab sence. Why pacifist" and by what authority? SUBSCRIBER. The word la newer than your dic tionary and it has the supremo au thority of general usage. The next edition of your dictionary will un doubtedly have It.