Morning Oregonian., November 02, 1917, Page 10, Image 10

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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, NOV.
THE ROOT OF LIBOR TROUBLES.
Again the Administration has of
fered mediation too' late to avert a
strike which was plainly threatened
xs it did in the case of the shipbuild
ers' strike.
President and Congress should have
foreseen on the day when war was de
t:lared that labor troubles would break
out. The known presence in the ranks
of labor of men who would provoke
KiiiKts ior tne purpose or serving
Germany, also of other men who.
without intentional disloyalty, place
the interests of their class above those
of their country, should have prompted
ine enactment without delay of ade
tiuate measures to prevent interruption
of industry.
3 he occasion plainly called, for
legislation which would enforce arbi
i ration or an questions of nours, wages
and general conditions, but would en
force a truce for the term of the war
on such long-standing controversies as
that of open against closed shop.
J "resident Gompers and other National
labor leaders pledged themselves early
in tne war to this truce and to judicial
adjustment of disputes relating to
wages and hours of labor, but legisla
tion was necessary to compel observ
ance of these conditions by local labor
leaders. The President relied too
much on the ability of Mr. Gompers
to hold his followers in line, and Con
gress feared to incur enmity of labor
unions by passing a compulsory arbi
tration law.
The root of the present trouble is to
be found in the treatment of the rail
road brotherhood controversy in i91G.
The President, while proposing enact
ment of an eight-hour law for rail
roads, did so as part of a programme,
which included an equivalent advance
in rates and compulsory arbitration
for future railroad disputes. The
brotherhoods, backed by Mr. Gompers,
denounced the two latter parts of the
programme, and Congress rejected
them while passing the eight-hour
law. Jt acted from motives of political
expediency on the ve'of an electiou,
and the President approved its action.
Statesmanship, which is guided by
consideration for the interests of the
whole Cation, was thrown to the
winds. An effort was made by Sen
ator Xewlands and other courageous
Congressmen to bring about passage
of the needed law at the short session,
but political cowardice again pre
vailed. Though the lead was taken by
ine democratic party, because It
was in power, the Republicans were
equally to blame, for as few of them
its of the Democrats lifted their voices
tu protest.
It is to be hoped that public opin
ion will be sufficiently aroused by
the experience of the last few months
to bring greater coercion to bear on
Congress than that to which it has
liitherto yielded. This species of co
nclpn seems to be the only means of
inducing Congress to take the right
action. Devoid of -moral courage, it
yielded to the dictation of a clans; the
only hope now seems to be that ail
other classes will unite in exercising
greater coercion that it may yield to
their dictation.
This should not be as difficult as it
may seem. The life of every man in
the Army and Navy is indirectly en
dangered by delays caused by strikes,
and every relative and friend of any
one among the million and a half men
who have gone out to fight should
enter his or her protest against the
iuaction of Congress. They should
produce such a volume of protest as
Congress will be bound to heed.
THE DECLINING OVICIDE KATE.
Study of the suicide record of the
United States for 1916 unexpectedly
confirms the anomaly that just when
there is seemingly the mpst reason to
expect an increase, self-destruction in
fact shows a decline. This has already
been noted by statisticians who have
segregated the figures in their rela
tion to climate and weather. The
greatest number iMur in May, when
the brightening influence of Spring
and the prospect of Summer ought
normally to elevate the drooping
spirit, and. the smallest number is
recorded in December, cold, bleak and
depressing. Fewer inhabitants of the
cold than of the mild zones die by
their own hands. The desert has a
lower rate than the fertile districts.
So. also, as the figures compiled by
Frederick L. Hoffman for the Spec,
tator for the last calendar year reveal,
the war, which might be counted on
to unsettle the minds of men and tip
the balance on the side of suicide, has
been attended by a marked reduction
of suicides instead. The statistics,
which apply to 100 leading cities of
the United States, show that there
were only 17.6 per 100,000 of popula
tion, as compared with 20.1 per 100.
000 in the five-year period, 1911-19151
There was a decrease in the rate in all
classes of cities, although .there was
an increase in individual instances.
The greatest decrease appears in
cities in which the rate was already
low. This is regarded as a hopeful
sign. It indicates that healthy ethical
surroundings have a distinct influence.
The cities having a rate of less than
10 per 100.000 show an average for
1916 of only 7.5, compared with
11.7 during the preceding five years,
equivalent to 36.9 per cent. The de
crease in other cities was only 4.1 per
cent, but it was a decrease neverthe
less. The experience of the United States
corresponds with that of the Kuro
pean countries from which returns
are available. Both Denmark and
Switzerland showed a falling off of
suicides in 1915 by comparison -with
the preceding five-year period, and
England and Wales in 1915 recorded
a further decrease of the rate, -which
had previously been declining steadily.
The province of Ontario, Canada, had
in 1915 the lowest suicide rate in its
history.
Mental occupation has seemed to
have had a healthful effect, upon the
whole. The' all-absorbing- topic, war,
in which every human being is inter
ested, was better than nothing- to
think about. Or perhaps it turned
the current of the thoughts of the
self-centered individual from himself
into other channels. Men are not
often led to self-murder by worrying
over tne woes of others,
cessive egotism that kills.
It is ex -
THE LESSON.
While the horrors of the recent experi
ence stand out boldly to those who went
through it. yet this is offset by the magni
tude of the beneficial military and strategic
results accomplished. Exactly what these
are cannot even be hinted at for the present,
but the main fact is that another wall
another line of steel will face the enemy
and all Europe and America are now doing
their part to second Italy's tremendous task.
From a correspondent at Italian head
quarters. Delphic, but cheerful. Let us all be
no upuiiiinuc as may De; out let us
also not minimize the grave facts.
It is the. greatest reverse of the year
for the allies. The -Germans have
taken thousands of prisoners, 1500
guns, vast supplies. 1000 square miles
of territory, and have driven the Ital
ian army Jlke leaves before the wind.
It has all been done in a few days.
The Germans may or may not in
tend to make another Belgium of
Italy, even if they can. Probably not,
for they cannot have failed to know
what Belgium has cost them in arous
ing the world against them.
But undoubtedly the Germans pur
pose, if they can, to destroy the Ital
ian army. Defeat of enemy troops,
dispersion of his army. Is, after all,
the great object of war, from a mili
tary standpoint. If that can be done
by a quick and powerful thrust, Italy
will be out of the war. .
The higher command of the German"
army knows Its task, and perforins it,
always, so far as it can. There is
the secret of German .military suc
cess. It moves first, and fast, at the
enemy's weak spot, and finishes its
job before he can recover.
The final lesson of Italy is that the
war is not over, and America will have
something to do besides applying the
coup de grace.
HISTORIC GROUND.
The city of Beersheba, in .Palestine,
has been captured by the British, ac
cording to the official announcement
of the War Office at London. Once
more the British are on historic
ground.
It was at Beersheba that -Abraham.
according to scriptural authority, en
tered into his alliance with Abimelech,
from which some students assume the
place to have -derived its name, and
it was there that he was tested by the
command to sacrifice his son, Isaac.
Esau was robbed of his birthright at
Beersheba, and the sons of Samuel
Joel and Abiah were judges there.
Jt was from Beersheba that Elijah
fled to escape the wrath of Jezebel.
Its situation on the extreme south
ern boundary of Palestine gave force
to the phrase, "From Dan to Beer
sheba," as describing the limits of
Hebrew territory from north to south.
Every advance of the contending
armies has been a lesson in geography.
uut those who are following the
British campaign in the East -will do
well to brush up their Bible lore. The
ancient sanctuary just occupied by a
modern army is now but a heap of
ruins, of small utilitarian value, but it
la richer in tradition and history than
most other points on the map of war.
"CP" AND "DOWN."
A telephone call to the editorial
room came through yesterday, even in
the partial confusion of the strike,
sharply reprimanding The Oregonian
for its so-called geographical solecism
in a reference to "up at Salem."
-Don't you know." said a voice, with
a distinctive air of finality, "that
Hal em is south of Portland, and there
fore is 'down'?"
It was an incident which leads us to
melancholy reflections. Times ain't
what they used to be. as Horsefly
Higgins, one of our most respected
pioneers, was wont to say. It is easy
to recall when it was a long day's
tourney by steamer to Salem, up the
river, if you didn't get stuck on a
gravel-bar. or take more than half the
time to wood up: and then it was
longer. It is not easy to get over the
habit of describing a trip to Salem, or
Albany, or CorvalUs. or Eugene, or any
other locality in the Upper Willamette
Vailey as "up." Besides, it was and
is "up." No river within our knowl
edge flows "down." The modern es
tablishment and use of railroads and
highways has not altered the fact.
For anyone to say "down" to Salem
or the other Valley towns from Port
land betrays several things. The first
is his Middle West origin, where south
is "down" because the general course
of American rivers is down, and for
no other reason, and the second U his
Indifference to, or ignorance of the
physical fact that a great river flows
through the Willamette Valley from
6outh to north.
For the greater part of the time
since Oregon's settlement by white
men and women, all traffic (except
over wagon roads and trails) was by
water and all ways and experiences
of daily life for the citizen and
community had reference to the large
rivers or their tributaries. The way
farer who was making a trip found
that it made an important difference
in his calculations whether he went
up-stream or down-stream, and the
terminology of the river became quite
familiar to him.
Now how is it? There are thou
sands of citizens of Portland who give
no thought to the river and the factor
it has been, and is, in the development
of Portland, except that it is a large
stream which must be crossed to get
from the West Side to the East Side,
or vice versa. There was a time when
no establishment in Portland was
complete without a rowboat or bateau,
or other water craft, and no week had
been passed in perfect enjoyment if
there had been no excursion to Ross
Island or Vancouver or elsewhere.
Now, to be sure, we have our yacht
clubs and our rowing associations and
hundreds of vessels of all sorts;' but
relatively they are a minor part of the
city's affairs. It wasn't so then. If
you want verification, read attentively
from day to day the reproduced items
of twenty-five and fifty years ago, in
The Oregonian. There you will dis
cover that Portland had a river and
it was some river. The Oregonian was
printed for a longer time, directly
overlooking its flowing- water, and
within Immediate sight and hearing of
the mighty tide of traffic on the
Stark-street ferry, than in its present
location, six blocks away.
So there are people who "will con
tinue to say "up to Salem" because it
represents to them both a direction
and a fact. The others will say
"down" because they know no better.
HA ST 5.
Let us ask the electrical workers
and the telephone operators if they
are opposed to mediation, or if they
have no confidence in the Government
mediator?
Or are they determined to enforce
recognition of the union. Government
or no Government, President .or no
i President, war or no war?
Or are the unions at Portland, Seat
tle and Tacoma indifferent to the ac
tion and example of the California
unions in postponing the strike, pend
ing an attempt at adjustment by Gov
ernment agents.
' Secretary of Labor "Wilson has ap
pealed to men and women not to
strike, and to await arbitration or a
settlement through a representative of
the Government.
President Wilson has made a direct
appeal to the strikers for "no stoppage
of telephone service," and has assured
them that the "Government is vitally
interested in a quick and satisfactory
adjustment.
It is true that the strike has been
once or twice deferred. It is doubtless
true, too. that the public sympathy in
stinctively leans to the girl operators.
But how can they suppose that they
will be supported by the public jn
their hasty and summary action, in
face of a specific summons to duty. by
the President of the United Rtates, in
time of grave National peril?
FOOD PREJCDICFS.
This is a good time for the people
to abandon a good many of their
little prejudices about food. Without
stopping to reason why, they have
been taking it for granted that certain
articles of diet were not "good for
them," or not nourishing enough, or
in some other way ineligible for a
place on the menu. Foods hitherto
unused, or consumed in small quanti
ties, are entitled at least to a fair
trial.
The rut in which we have been
traveling accounts for the present rel
ative scarcity of certain staples. There
is enough food in the country, of all
kinds, to feed us and to leave a sur
plus, for .export, but there must be
many readjustments. We cannot all
have unlimited supplies of all the
things we have been accustomed to.
and which we may have thought were
indispensable.
It is no time to be ultra-finical. One
way to contentment lies through the
open mind. Every promising new
food is entitled to a trial. Turbot
and grayfish, , cornmeal and rice, rye
and barley and potatoes cooked with
the Jackets on even whale meat and
an almost countless number of other
dietary novelties are entitled to an
impartial verdict.
OUR LATENT FINANCIAL- POWER.
The second liberty loan is no sooner
raised than it is necessary to begin
preparation for the third. In fact.
every event of the war warns the
American people to prepare for an in
definite series of loansj since 'it points
to indefinite prolongation of the war,
and the United States has the great
financial reserve at the disposal of the
allies.
Great as seem the sums which the
United States has already borrowed,
they are small by comparison with the
Nation's resources, with the sums
which it borrowed in proportion to
wealth in past -wars, and with the
sums -which other nations have bor
rowed in proportion to their resources
in this and former wars. A few ex
amples will prove this.
At the outbreak of the Civil War
the 'population of the United States
was 31,500,000 and the National wealth
was $16, 000, 000, 000, but one-third of
each was not available to the Govern
ment because of the rebellion.
If the ratio of National income to
wealth was the same at that time as
at present and if two-thirds belonged
to the loyal states, the Government
could then borrow or the security of
$1,800,000,000 income and less than
$11,000,000,000 in wealth. It bor
rowed one and one-half times that in
come and nearly one-fourth of the
entire wealth. Using the same ratio,
it could now borrow $60,000,000,000
without mortgaging the country any
farther.
The performances of Britain and
France illustrate how far we could go
under wise direction supported by as
firm a National will. In the war with
France from 1793 to 1815, Britain
with one-third of her present popula
tion and one-sixth of her present
wealth borrowed $2,180,000,000 and
at the finish was taking 11 per cent
of the national income in taxes to pay
interest alone, total taxes being 17 4
per cent o- the people's income. In
the present war the British debt on
September 30 had been increased to
$25,000,000,000, against income esti
mated at $15,000,000,000 and wealth
estimated at $85,000,000,000. The
people are paying 154 per cent of
their income as taxes, 7 per cent being
absorbed by debt charges, but the
Chancellor of the Exchequer said last
March that this scale of taxation pro
vides not only enough for ordinary
peace expenses and for interest on the
national debt, but for a sinking fund
which would extinguish the debt in
less than forty years and would leave
a surplus, allowing a considerable re
duction of taxes. France now takes
one-fifth of the national income in
taxes and applies 11 per cent to in
terest. The wealth of the United States be
ing estimated at $240,000,000,000 and
the National income at $40,000,000,000,
this country could, by incurring an
annual interest charge no higher in
proportion than that of France, carry
a debt of $110,000,000,000 at 4 per
cent. We au in the same position
which Britain occupied in 1813, when
she put the armies of Prussia. Austria
and . Russia in the field against Na
poleon banker for the .allies with
this difference, that Britain had then
been at war for twenty years, while
we have just begun. Her wealth was
already impaired, while ours had been
vastly increased during the two pre
ceding years. This country could bor
row $20,000,000,000 a year for five
and a half years without surpassing
the effort which Britain made against
Napoleon.
The financial resources of the United
States are far better developed than
was the case in 1861. At that time
the average nominal rate of -interest
paid by the Government was 6 per
cent, but bonds sold as low as 8 9.3,
and the actual rate of interest in 18 64
was 15 per cent. California had
been pouring out gold, but the Gov
ernment had no control over it-and it
went Into private hands, where it was
hoarded and held at a high premium.
In order to establish a market for
bonds, the Government created Na
tional banks with power to issue notes
secured by bonds.
The United States now liolds one
third of the world's supply of gold,
and it is concentrated under control
of the Federal Reserve banks, there
fore cannot be hoarded or forced to
a premium. It is available as security
for the issue of paper currency, the
volume of which expands and con
tracts with the expansion and con
traction of the volume of legitimate
business. The majority of banks are
linked to this system, and under a
recent amendment of the law many
others are joining it. Unlike the
proverbial chain, which is no stronger
than the weakest link, this chain has
as great strength in each link as the
Federal Reserve banks impart. We
also have the great system of savings
banks, which was in its infancy dur
ing the Civil War and which draws
the savings of the mass of the people
into central reservoirs for investment
We need not fear financial exhaus
tion if we practice ordinary prudence
in finance and expenditure. Through
command of the sea, which we hold
in common with our allies, in spite of
tne submarine, we keep iip a constant
process not only of recuperation of
our wealth but of further enrichment.
Notwithstanding twenty-two years of
war, upon the downfall of Napoleon
the British people showed an increase
of 20 per cent in their national income
and 25 per cent in their national
savings per capita. They are growing
rtcner, tor Sir George Palsh. the emi
nent .financier, estimates that their
national income has increased from
twelve to fifteen billion dollars during
the war. This seeming anomaly is
explained by the belief that the ex
ertions of war draw forth reserves of
energy in a people which were not
known to exist, and prompt economies
of which they were not thought to be
capable. Our position is even stronger
than that of our allies, for while they
have been piling up debt, we have
paid off foreign debts and have made
foreign loans until we have become a
creditor Nation, and our exports so
far exceed our imports that there is
a constant balance of half a billion
dollars in our favor.
The problem of financing the war
is one simply of mobilizing our wealth
as we are mobilizing our men. The
feat performed by Jay Cooke in the
Civil War, and those performed by
France and Britain in this war show
that an appeal to the people will draw
forth billions from their savings, and
will provide enough money to meet all
the needs of the Government.
Charles B. Barnes, director of the
New .York State Bureau of Employ
ment, has concluded, after investlga
tion of the labor shortage, that it is
not due to the war. The number of
men available for labor in the state
is estimated at -approximately 3,000,
000, of whom not more than 100.000.
or three in 100 of the total number,
are in the Army. The draft took
60,000, a few more than 25,000 volun
teered, and 15,000 is believed to be a
high figure for those who have gone
privately or with the Red Cross. The
total number removed from employ
ment by the war is not as great as
the average unemployment in normal
times. The great scarcity of labor is
in two classes, the highly specialized,
and the most unskilled. There are
not enough mechanics in certain
highly specialized trades, but the lack
of common labor is attributed by Mr.
Barnes to the "won't works." Many
are content to work fewer days a
month now that they are receiving
higher wages, and these present the
real problem, in the view of the em
ployment director.
Wall street seems to be awakening
to the fact that when you sell some
thing you never bought there is
ground for suspicion, at least, that
you are only speculating.
Von Hertling's statement of policy
indicates that his appointment as
Chancellor of Germany is only another
shuffling of the cards by the same old
Pan-German players.
A Wisconsin merchant is advertising
a display of "what Dame Nature has
decreed women shall wear." But
there will be no exhibition by living
models, we take it.
The war college experts who knew
all the time that the German advance
into Russia was only a feint are now
joining in a vociferous "I-told-you-so"
chorus.
Breaking the baby's bank Is repre
hensible and not to be encouraged,
but in an emergency of shortage of
pennies it can be done; but do not
cheat.
It appears that an officer is a poor
witness in a bootlegging case for con
sideration by a jury. Jurymen are
human, and sometimes very much so.
Some of those 180,000 Italians who
permitted themselves to be captured
will be sorry before they are through
with those German prison camps.
The National Capital will never be
quite dry until the cloakroom and the
Prince Albert coat-tail pocket also
have been abolished.
Von Mackensen has most effectively
disproved the statement that the ele
ment of surprise has been eliminated
from war.
The demand for ship carpenters in
the United States is matched only by
the openings for cabinetmakers in Eu
rope. So long as the U-boats confine their
hits to transports homeward bound
we shall try .to make the best of it.
There were thirty airplanes in the
latest raid, but 30.000 of them are
needed to feaze London now.
A few Canadian regiments are
needed on the southern front to show
the Italians how to fight.
Now the shoe clerks are talking of
organizing, and it is the wrong time
of year to go barefoot.
The Land Products Show will re
mind old-timers of the Fall expositions
of long ago.
Those who have cut their eye teeth
will let the sweet tooth have & rest
for a while.
Belated audits place Oregon's loan
subscription bigger than ever. Of
course.
It's an ill wind that blows nobody
good when it blows back.
Too many Italians are "kauierad-dlng."
How io Keep Well.
1 sr Oh W. JLm BVSHMb
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of diseases. If matters of
general Interest, will bo answered tn thla
column. Where space will not permit or ths
subject la not suitable, letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
Is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diag
nosis or prescribe for Individual diseases. He
quests for such services cannot be answered.
(Copyright. ISIS, by Dr. W. A. Eniu.
Published oj arrangement with the Chicago
Tribunal
SEASON OF THREE: M'S.
WE are coming to the season of the
three M's measles, mumps and
meningitis. These three diseases are
worse in war times. They are diseases
of barracks, and camps. The Array
says it can and will control measles,
that there should be no more epidemic
measles. The story of the method I
told & few days ago. If the Army can
oontrol measles civil populations should
also .prevent epidemic measles. That
story I told a few days ago.
This Is a story of mumps. Mumps
is practically never ratal. Edwards
says that seven deaths occurred in a
series of about 60,000 cases. Therefore,
the importance of mumps lies tn the
disablement and sickness which It
causes and not in its fatalities. . In
spite of this it is one of the more se
rious disorders of troops ia training. A
mumps epidemic will disorganize a
camp and seriously Interfere with the
training of the men.
Generally speaking, people do not
have mumps twice, though there are
a few exceptions. The disease is ac
quired by dlTect contact. It is not
known that there are any insects which
have anything to do with spreading
It and no -mumps carriers are known
to exist or are even suspected.
The incubation period is long prob
ably two weeks. This lasts two days.
The disease starts with a fever. This
lasts two days. An Italian says that
the disease can be diagnosed by the ap
pearance of the Inside of the mouth.
Furthermore, he says that if the In
side of the mouth, especially the Inside
of the check opposite the jaw teeth and
just back of them be painted with al
coholic iodine, the disease will not
spread to the parotid gland .and cause
the characteristic swelling of the face.
He holds that the disease is primary
in the mouth, from - which place It
spreads up a small duct to one of the
glands which produce saliva.
The disease Is spread by the mouth
secretions. This secretion Is infective
from the onset of the fever before the
gland swells, while the gland Is swol
len and for a week at least srter the
swelling has gone down.
The old method of diagnosing mumps
was to taste vinegar. This caused pain
in the gland. The Italian suggests that
this method is too slow. Others will
have caught it before the diagnosis Is
made. He says judge by the appear
ance of the mouth as the fever starts.
Another old-time method of judging
was by the locatlqn of the swelline.
Any swelling not on the cheek in front
of the lobe of the ear was said not to
De due to mumps. This is not always
true. Occasionally mumps a tar La in
and is limited to other salivary glands,
for instance, that one located in the
neck.
A few years ago Hess stODned an onl.
demlc of mumps in a children's home
by injecting two teaspoonfuls of blood
taken from a child that had mumn
into the muscles of a child that has
not had the disease. Ha t,i.
method of vaccination on all the chil
dren In the home who had not had the
disease.
The fact that war is here and almost
1,000,000 troops are in training makes
it necessary that we civilians shouln
take unusual precautions to prevent the
spread of this disease
For Prospective Mothers.
Faithful Reader writes: "Will von
please publish an article on the best
mode of life for a prospective mother?
X am 30 years old. Have no one I can
go to for advice and cannot afford to
o to tne doctor for everything. Som
days I am very well, other davs verv
miserable. How should I count the timer
is there some book which might help
me?"
REPLY,
I cannot, tn this limited apace, alva vou
much detailed Information. If you ere very
miserable at times It la probably becauae of
nausea. To control thta symptom eat at
least 'v amall meals a day. Instead of Uiree
larger ones. Eat a light breakfast in h.ri
and then rest quietly for fcalf en hour be
fore arising. Generally speaking, a pros
pective mother make, a muiaka when she
thinks much of her condition or arreatlv
altera her habits, she asuld at about as
she did before pregnancy occurred.
A pregnant woman makes a mistake whan
aha trios to eat for two. On ths other
band, dieting to prevent her child from be
coming- too fat usually does, not set her
vary tar. Kb should not think of herself
aa an Invalid or as greatly limited In what
she wants to do, so long aa things are go
ing well. It la well for her to have her
urine periodically examined and to consult
her physician at agreed-on Intervals.
Elemons" "The Prospective Mother" la ex
cellent. Nothing Is better than the bulletin
given free to those who write for It by the
children's bureau. Department of Labor
Washington, J. C. "Pre-Natal Care."
Yanr alleart Needs Rest.
N. B. L. writes: "Will you kindly
advise whether there is any way or
strengthening a weak heart? After
walking a distance I pant and cough
dreadfully and there Is blood in my
sputum. Can this panting be cured?"
REPLY.
Tour aymptoma Indicate that you have an
old heart disease with a rather badly broken
compensation. I think you will need to re
main in bed for several weeks under the di
rection of an experienced physician. After
compensation has been established by pro
longed rest yon will be ready to begin exer
cises to strengthen your heart muscle.
Aj Excellent Iron Tonic.
Mrs. J. W. H. wrttei: "Will you
kindly advise me as to the use ot
Blaud's pills? Do they contain Ir6n
and how do they affect the kidneys? Is
there any danger m their user
BBPLT.
Blaud's pills contain iron. They have no
apeclal action on the kidney. They are not
dangerous. Blaud's pill la aa excellent Iron
lonlo for those needing Iron.
Name ef Poultry Asaoetatlea,
PORTLAND, Nov. 1. (To the Edi
tor.) Can you give roe the name of
the poultry association that ta holding
a Bhow this Fall In Portland
Q, F, STATTER.
Oregon Poultry and Pet Block Asso
ciation! John M. Mann, seoretary, Port
land, Bhow will be given in December,
NO ENTERING WEDCE FOR SALOON
fea for Wholesale Houses Denounced
by Correspondent.
PORTLAND. Nov. 1. (To the Edi
tor.) I can not restrain myself from
answering "Old Timer." who advocates
liquor traffic in the name of business.
This terrible war makes business good,
but who. except persons of "Old Tim
er's" type, want it to continue for the
sake of business? Some persons glory
in the violation of the prohibition law.
though "Old Timer" greatly exag
gerates the number of criminals who
are getting it in. Some persons, who.
as a rule, are law-abiding, become
criminals because of an appetite which
can be controlled, and is controlled by
a majority of persons who drank be
fore Oregon went dry. The law is not
a farce, however hard the liquor in
terests are trying to make it.
The time will come when the last
drop of blood tainted by the tastes of
former generations will have disap
peared, and no one will want the stuff.
It Is not true that it is natural for
humans to want it.
The "good citizens" who have left
Oregon because of the prohibition law
have left Oregon better, though some
are in ether states doing all they can
to break the law of this state.
How anyone can argue for the re
turn of the business is past my com
prehension. Ask the wives, the chil
dren, the parents if they want the old
conditions back. Ask the merchant
who sells necessities of life if he
wants it.
Tou -will find more men associating
with their family, not Only at home,
but shopping and places of amusement
and at church, too. Besides we could
not trust the interests, because the
saloon grew from the family grocery
to the cheap politicians' lair and crim
inals' den for planning his work.
Every privilege was abused and in
creased until even people who ordi
narily passed the matter up lightly
could not stand the disgrace.
No, "Old Timer." don't begin a use
less campaign for any form of the
traffic because a majority don't want
it. Prohibition will triumph is gain
ing every day.
A. V. KASSEBAUM.
A STATEMENT FROM MISS MAItTIX
Her Aeeent et What Happened at En-
gene Meeting Is Given.
PORTLAND. Nov. 1. (To the Edi
tor.) Will you do me the courtesy to
correct certain misstatements in The
Oregonian today concerning a meeting
I addressed last night at Eugene
Your Eugene correspondent has not
stated the facts correctly.
Through Miss Iris Calderhead. who
is arranging my meetings in Oregon
Arizona and Kansas I was invited by
the Kappa Kappa Gammas, of which
organization I am a member, to address
a meeting at their fraternity house
last night. Members of the Pi Beta
Phi and other women's organizations
were invited to be present, and about
50 women attended. The rooms were
prepaVed in advance for this meeting,
and I was told by those who arranged
the meeting I would have about an
hour to speak. I was introduced by
Miss Elizabeth. Fox, dean of women of
the university.
My audience gave close attention for
the hour I spoke. They did not dis
perse after the meeting, but remained
to ask questions.
When asked not to urge the adoption
of any resolution by the meeting I did
not urge It.
As to the use of the word "treason
able" in The Oregonian, with reference
to my speech, may I call your attention
to the fact that the word "treasonable
can only be applied to overt acts
against one's country? Just criticism
of injustice is not sedition, and a
speech showing the responsibility of
President Wilson in blocking the Na
tional suffrage amendment is not trea
son. ANNE MARTIN.
Vice-Chairman National. Woman's
Party.
I'm of Capital Letters.
CORVALLIS. Or., Oct. 81. (To the
Editor.) I am not quite clear on the
question of capitalizing names of the
points of the compass. I have always
felt it correct to capitalize them (as
well as adjectives derived therefrom)
when referring to recognized divisions
or sections of a country or state, as
the West" or "Eastern Oregon." but
am uncertain as to the use of the canl
tal letter when describing boundaries
of a tract of land, e. g., "Southwest cor
nfr," "thtnee West," "thence Westerly."
west line. "West half," etc.
Will you kindly put me right?
In referring to an addition in a city
which was named for a Mr. Cook,
should the apostrophe be used, as
Cook's Addition"?
TOURS IN DOUBT.
In current usage there is no fixed
rule for capitalizing points of the com
pass. Each newspaper adopts a fixed
tyle, but one's etyle may differ from
another's. The Oregonian follows what
is generally termed the "up-style,"
capitalizing the names of definite local
ities whose names we derive from
points of direction, but it keeps "down"
the points of the compass. For exam
ple, it would be written, "an easterly
wind prevailed throughout the west.
But this is wholly a matter of choice
so far as the individual is concerned.
Newspapers adopt a fixed capitalization
style so that a word will not appear
in two ways in the same paper.
In referring to an addition, use the
title given on the official plat. That
might properly be either "Cook Ad
dition" or "Cook's Addition."
Normal Wrlxrkt of Boy.
PORTLAND. Nov. 1. (To the Editor.)
What should the weight and height
of a normal boy of IS years of age be?
I am 16 years old, and I am S feet 7
inches tall and I weigh 137 younds.
How tall do you think that I ought to
be at present rate of- growth when I
am of age? My father is 5 feet 10
inches tall and 1 follow after him.
F. S. K.
The average weight of a boy of your
age and height is 142 pounds. Your
slight underweight may be due to rapid
growth or one of several other causes.
We don't know at what rate you are
growing, and if we did we could not
foretell when you would stop.
lacreaaesl Pensions for Widows.
PORTLAND. Nor. 1. (To the Edi
tor.) I notire an article regarding
pensions by General Williams. Kindly
inform me what the provisions are in
the act of Congress approved by the
President on October 6. 1917. H6w will
this act affect me? I am a Civil War
widow, aged 69, am drawing a pension
of 12 per month. OLD SUBSCRIBER.
Every widow of Civil War veteran
who has been receiving less than $25
a month pension will automatically
have the amount raised to 25 unaer
the new act.
.Facta aa ta Hoover.
ASTORIA, Or.. Oct. SI. (To the Ed
itor.) Please answer the following: (1)
Birthplace of Herbert Hoover. (2) la
he is American cltlsen at present? (3)
It is reported that he Is an English cltl
seu and member of the Liberal party.
(4) What salary does he receive from
the Government? A SUBSCRIBER.
(1) West Branch, la.
(2) Yes.
(3) The report la unfounded.
(4) One dollar a year.
Wan Tfera Words f
Awgwan.
Professor What three words are
used most among college students?
Weary Fresh I don't know.
Prof os sop Correct,
In Other Day.
Twenty-Five Years Aero.
From The Oregonian November 2. 188:.
A second investigation into the death
of Mrs. Charles H. Lombard to fix the
causes has been ordered. A number Of
well-known citizens were called as
witnesses.
New Tork There are thousands of
dollars ready to bet on Harrison In the
presidential election but so far there
are few takers.
Miss Frances Willard. the prohibition
lecturer, strongly advocates Jean
Ingelow for poetess laureate of Eng
land. 'vV. H. Barmore yesterday succeeded
to the management of the Portland
Hotel. Charles E. Leland retiring.
A. W. Gowan has been nominated by
the Republicans for joint representa
tive of Grant and Harney Counties.
Half a Ceatary Abo.
The Oregonian November 5.
Prom
IS?
Vallandigham the lawgiver of de
mocracy, in a speech at Defiance. Ohio,
recently said that when the rancor of
the war is forgotten Lee will rank as
great as a general as Grant, in Lha
public mind,
E. D. Shattuck. Jndcre nf lk rniirth
(-Judicial District, has sent in hia res
ignation to take effect December 1.
.Boston West, the pedestrian, arrive
here yesterday on his walk to Chicago.
He Is in fine health.
Rev. G. Hines. of Salem, is here
awaiting passage on the Sierra Nevada.
He is going East with authority to act
as agent of the Willamette University
to solicit funds.
A. Sprague. of the Congo Troupe,
will take a complimentary benefit on
Monday evening at the Willamatte
Theater.
CHRISTMAS GIFTS FOR SOLDIERS.
Red Croaa Wants S30O Parfcagea Frosts
Portland for Boys at Front.
PORTLAND. Nov. 1. (To the Editor.)
Various newspapers of Portland have
printed information concerning the
campaign now being carried on by the
Portland Chapter of the American Red
Cross for the purpose of sending 6500
Christmas packages to American sol
diers at the front. One-third of these
Christmas packages are being sent for
ward from Portland on November 2.
and 16 respectively.
The Government has called upon the
American Red Cross to furnish one
million packages so that every man
who has joined the colors will get a
package. A share of this duty has been
passed to the Portland Chapter and we
are particularly desirous that our al
lotment be fully taken care of.
The packages may be made up at
home at the approximate cost of II. CO.
depending upon what the donor may
desire Included. Suggestions have ap
peared in the daily papers and further
information may be had at the Red
Cross headquarters, second floor of the
Corbett building.
Those who do not desire to make up
packages can have them sent in their
names at the rate of $1.50 per package,
this money to be sent to the Red Cross
headquarters.
The committee in charge of this
work will be more than glad to receive
donations of cake, chocolate, hard can
dy, packages of gum. pocket knives,
pocket hones, bandana handkerchiefs,
envelopes, writing paper, tobacco in
various forms and any other small suit
able Christmas gift that may be in
cluded in these packages. Some of our
merchants have been particularly gen
erous in donating artlclas of this kind,
and they are very much appreciated.
. Won't you help make up Portland's
quota either by sending money or mer
chandise? LEWIS A. McARTHUR.
MES TOBACCO DOES NOT IMCHE
Active Persona Throw Off Bad Effects;
Tired Soldiers Benefited.
SALEM, Or.. Nov. 1. (To the Editor.)
In The Oregonian October SI I note
that another killjoy has placed himself
in the limelight. W. H. Wheeler, of
Eugene, deprecates the sending of to
bacco to the boys in the trenches, not
withstanding the admonition of mlll-v
tary experts (among them some very
prominent physicians) to let the sol
diers have all the tobacco they want;
and also in face of the fact that mod
ern medical science has proved that
when tobacco is used by men who are
active, the system throws off enough
of Its effects to render the Injury nil.
True, when a man has nothing mach
to do except "Jest set around a'notlcln
what others is adoin'" to have a little
enjoyment and pleasure out of life, he
could not use much tobacco, because it
would simply accentuate his already
dyspeptic condition.
This writer has seen aotive service
in the Army and belonged to a regi
ment which was engaged in 54 actions
during the Spanish-American War and
knows that a "fag" after a forced
march or a pipe at the end of a stren
uous day goes further to make a tires
soldier happy and contented than any
other thing could do.
If Mr. Wheeler will just call to mind
the fact that the Army ration is the
result of hundreds of years of study
by scientific minds and anything which
would injure a soldier or sailor would
be "tabooed" lnstanter. as Mr. Wheeler
will find if he will only subscribe for
his home paper and read the reports of
the clean-up of vice territory sur
rounding the camps and cantonments,
he may go to calm repose tonight, se
cure in the knowledge that Uncle Sam
is large enough to take care of the
soldiers who are fighting for Mr.
Wheeler's future safety.
EX-SOLDIER.
Remedlea for Seasickness.
PORTLAND, Nov. 1. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) I have been told chloroform
in a glass of water is cure for sea
sickness. Can you tell me the amount
to use and if it is all right to take?
(2) Can you tell me of anything else
to take that will prevent seasickness?
D. Iv. B.
(1) Do not take dangerous drugs fpr
seasickness, unless it be by physician's
prescription.
(2) There are Innumerable remedies
for seasickness, but one that is effec
tive in one case may not be so in an
other. While the external cause of sea
sickness is the motion of the boat, the
reflex disturbance which causes the
illness is not the same In all persons.
Most persons are benefited by a pre
liminary dose of calomel and a light
diet for several days before sailing.
Get as much fresh air as possible while,
on board. If the onset of seasickness
is not severe it may sometimes be
overcome by breathing regularly and
not in rhythm with the motion of the
ship. Combat vomiting by taking
pieces of Ice or ginger ale rather than
but broths or beef tea.
Drug preparations are on the mar
ket, but many of them contain chloral,
antlpyrlne or one of the bromides.
Remedies having In their Content a
dangerous drug so state on tho label.
Too Mara Matrimony.
Boston Transcript.
-I am here for having five
Convict
w ive..
Viiiitor
liberty? -How are you enjoying your