A
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1917.
PICTURE
(Continued From First Page.)
to hear the girder-ringing vigor of
those American cheers.
Mr. Gerard urged them to the
scotching of "the snake of sedition"
that raises its head in America, He
declared that Colonel Roosevelt is
wrong in his assertion that the Prus
sians would set La Follette, were he
in their country, to the business of
digging trenches.
Respects Paid La Follette.
"Such men would be shot before
breakfast," he asserted, making direct
reference in his second address to a
newspaper dispatch concerning Sen
ator La Follette and the peppery
Colonel's latest attack.
No public speaker ever received a
greater ovation from the people of
Portland. The Auditorium filled to
overflowing within four minutes after
the doors were opened. Six thousand
citizens claimed the seats, filled the
galleries and stood in the aisles and
lobby. Fully 5000 were massed ct the
entrance and in the street. From 9:30
o clock In the morning many had wait
ed until the doors opened at 11 o'clock.
At noon Mr. Gerard, escorted- by
Mayor Baker, President Charles K.
Cochran, of the Rotary Club, -and Coun
ty Commissioner Rufus C. Holmaj en
tered the Auditorium and came upon
the rostrum. Rising: to their feet, the
thousands cheered tumultuously for
several minutes. On the restrom were
representatives of the varios civic or
ganizations, Chief Justice McBride and
judges of the Supreme Court, state and
Federal courts.
Second Address Imperative.
Throughout the ovation "America"
was played on the Auditorium organ
by Frederick W. Goodrich. As the
testimonial' of welcome lulled. Mayor
Baker requested the hundreds who
jammed the lobby and the rear to leave
the building and return to hear the
second address, which Mr. Gerard had
consented to make when the vastness
of the gathering became known.
President Cochran, of the Rotary
Club, at whose invitation Mr. Gerard
came to the city, made a brief address
of introduction, declaring- the or
ganization's pleasure at presenting
"one of America's foremost citizens."
As Mr. Gerard rose to speak, the
thousands greeted him again. For two
minutes the man who brought "the
little black bag" back from Berlin
smiled down at those cheering enthu
siasts. With the address impending,
the press at the doors Increased. Po
lice were called, under Captain Leo
Harms, to clear the passages and close
the doors, again informing the crowd
of the second meeting.
"Before I went to Germany I was not
much of a public speaker," apologized
Mr. Gerard,, "and during my three years
and more of residence there it was my
business to try and keep three things
silence, peace and my temper." The
joke was not lost on his hearers, who
laughed and applauded.
Harvest of Death Pictured.
When he traveled to the Pacific Coast
to bring to the West a more complete
realization of the magnitude of the
war, Mr. Gerard confessed that he was
perplexed until he resorted to a trick
of the statisticians. For the bodies of
men who have died in the great war,
if placed head to heel, would stretch
from New York to San Francisco and
back again, and thence to Denver on
the third lap.
"Perhaps that will give you some Idea
of what this war means," he said. "How
all of us who know of the origin of
this war wish we could get the man
who is responsible for it. and whose
name I do not need to mention to you,
and scourge and beat him along every
inch of such a Calvary of bodies!" The
audience thundered its "aye!" to the
wish.
As for the mercies of Prussian dom
inance over territory taken by conquest,
the speaker cited the instance of Lera
berg, Poland, where the Germans culti
vate the fields of the people, while
that Pole is counted anon gthe lucky
ones who finds a stray dog for food.
PnuKlan Brutality Described.
"I don't think any of you want to
learn what rule by the Prussians
means," he said, and put a suppositious
case up to his hearers. How would an
American husband feel if he should
return home to find that his wife and
daughters had been seized and carried
away by Prussian soldiers an instance
that was duplicated thousands of times
in Belgium and Northern France? He
had witnessed these things for him
self: had seen women at work in the
fields growing food for the very army
that had carried them into shameful
captivity.
In the end, through the combined
protests of the Pope and neutral na
tions, some of these women came back
to their homes "girls 15 or 16 years
old, or what was left of them, after
having lived all that time in lonely
villages and lonely farmhouses, with
the brutal Prussian soldiers. And that
is what occupation by the Prussian
means!"
Typical of the Prussian hate was the
treatment accorded British prisoners
of war. Mr. Gerard told of a prison
camp where the Germans brought
thousands of typhus-infected Russians
and quartered them with the English.
Protests were met with the sneer,
"You've got to learn to " know your
alljes." The deaths that followed from
infection, declared the speaker, were
samples of Prussian murder.
Kindnrai Dram Punishment.
Typical, also, was this: In an ofn
clal gazette Mr. Gerard read, with
gratification, that certain Scandinavian
residents of Prussia had been sentenced
to imprisonment for improper conduct
toward allied prisoners passing through
their village. He investigated, "bnly to
find that the "improper treatment" had
consisted of giving water and food to
the worn and starving prisoners.
Had the Irish seen the treatment that
was accorded to Irish prisoners who
would not turn renegade and join the
Prussians, there would be little Irish
agitation against the war, asserted Mr.
Gerard.
"We have got to face the situation,"
he said again. "The great majority of
our citizens of German descent have
proved splendidly oya to our fag." The
audience appauded. "But there are a
few peope who stl sympathize with
Germany, a few among those of Ger
man descent. Now, what do those peo
pe want?"
oya I German-Americana Cited.
Of General Siegel, Civil War hero of
German birth, and of Carl Shurz, one
time United States Senator, Mr. Gerard
spoke, declaring that theirs was an
Americanism that would have stood the
test of these times. Germans, he said,.
were not urged to come to America,
but emigrated for their own advan
tage and tMfc enjoyment of our free
dom. He contrasted the autocratic sys
tem of German government with the
democracy of America; the lot of the
German workingman with the wage
earner of this country.
"Now many people, when they get
up on the soapbox, tell you that the
workingmen of Germany are well
taken care of," said Mr. Gerard. "They
are taken care of. They are- taken
care of in the same sense that you
would take care of a useful horse.
They are fed and they don't starve, but
they have got to work for their mas
ters."
Then followed Mr. Gerard's apparent
reference - to tha local, labor. -trouble.
OF GERMAN CRUELTY PAINTED BY J. W.
which is delaying the building of Gov
ernment vessels needed for the prose
cution of the war. That the vast ma
lority of his 6000 hearers caught the
reference, considerately and sincerely
worded as it was, was borne out by
the interruption of prolonged cheering,
which marked one of the highest tides
of his address.
When the case against Prussianism
was complete, by the verbatim testi
mony of Mr. Gerard, who was civiliza
tion's chief witness to the duplicity
and f rightfulness of "kultur." the great
audience gave him prolonged applause
and filed out, to be replaced within
the half hour by another one almost as
targe.
Immediatel after the second address
Mr. Gerard and his secretary, Frank
J. Hall, departed for' San Francisco,
where he next appears. After the Los
Angeles address Mr. Gerard expects to
return to New York.
"I practice law a little," he smiled,
"and hope that I may have time to at
tend to my own affairs for a month
or so."
M r. Cochran Doea Honors.
Mr. Cochran said In introducing Mr.
Gerard:
"Fellow Cltiens. Fellow Allies: (Ap
plause.) The Portland Rotary Club is
especially gratified to be of service in
presenting one of America's foremost
citizens. (Applause.) I know whom
you have come to hear. (Applause.)
And I have the great pleasure and priv
ilege of presenting to you James W.
Gerard, of America!" (Applause.)
As Mr. Gerard stood up he was greet
ed with enthusiastic applause and
cheers, lasting for quite a while.
Mr. Gerard Mr. Chairman. Ladles
and Gentlemen: Will you please tell
me if you cannot hear me on the out
side, because possibly I have a little
more steam that I could turn on.
(Laughter.)
Before I went to Germany I was not
much of a public speaker, and during
the three years and more of my resi
dence there it was my business to try
and keep three things silence, peace
and my temper. (Laughter and ap
plause.) Anecdote la Related.
I remember once I tried to embroider
my conversations, as Americans often
do, by an anecdote. I went one day to
the Foreign Office because an Amer
ican had been -arrested charged with
spying, and I asked why he had been
locked up, because I said that the charge
of spying wasn't sufficient; that if a
German was locked up in America and
his Ambassador should ask why he was
Imprisoned and we should simply an
swer "burglary," that that would not
be enough; that they would have to
specify just what he was accused of
doing. And I said to the Foreign Min
ister, "I ought to have details of what
lie was accused of doing and why you
have locked this American up." And I
said, "You remind me of the one-armed
man who was traveling in a railway
train, and a man came and sat beside
him and pestered him with questions
as to how he had lost his arm, and
finally the one-armed man said, 'I will
tell you how I lost my arm If you will
promise not to ask any other ques
tions: It was bit off." (Laughter.)
Well, when I told that story to the
Foreign Minister In bad German, as a
celebrated black-faced comedian says,
"I felt that I had put it over and It lay
there." (Laughter.) And I never tried
after that to be funny in Germany.
IVolae Cannes Interruption.
There is so much noise on the out
side I think I had better wait, so you
can hear. (Applause.)
After a pause of a few minutes, dur
ing which the overflow crowd outside
of the building was quieted, Mr. Gerard
continued as follows:
It is very hard for you to realize
here in this beautiful city of Portland
the magnitude of the calamity in which
the world is now .involved: just as it
was very hard for me, during two and
a half years of this world war in Ber
lin, to realize that there could be any
place in the world that was free from
war and cruelty and treachery.
When I was coming out here through
the state of Montana In the train I
tried to think of something that would
bring home to the people of the West
the greatness of the vortex into, which
we have been drawn, and, do you know,
that if you were to take the bodies of
the men who have fallen in this battle
alone In this war and put them end to
end. head touching heel, that you would
make a line of corpses reaching from
New York to San Francisco? Think of
that! Think of what that means, to
travel day after day beside a line of
corpses. And then you could turn
around at San Francisco and make an
other line back to New York and an
other one half way across the conti
nent to Denver. 'Perhaps that will give
you some idea of what this war means
and how. all of us who know of the
origin of the war wish that we could
get the man who is responsible for It
and whose name I do not need to men
tion to you and scourge and -beat him
along every Inch of such a calvary of
bodies. (Applause.)
Armenian Massacre Recalled.
And that does riot count. Whole peo
ples have been wiped out by the
war. With the approval of Germany,
their allies, the Turks, have destroyed
the nation of Armenians. One of the
saddest tales that I ever listened to
was that of an American girl who had
been married to an Armenian, had a
family and had been in Asia Minor and
had witnessed the destruction of these
Armenians. Her own child, a boy 8
years old, had been killed, and she
came into the Embassy on her way out,
and because the Germans allow no
foreigner during this war to take out
any shape of writing from the country,
she asked me to send home in my dip
lomatic pouch the little prayer books
that her child had. used la learning
English.
It is not until the war is over that
the world will know the horrors, star
vation, the misery that Poland has suf
fered. We know something about Bel
gium, and we know something about
Northern France, but we know very
little of what the population of Rou
manla and Serbia and Poland have
suffered during this war. A man who
was down In Poland told me that the
people In Lemberg, a great city,. larger
than this, were living on the dogs that
they found in the streets; and a man
was lucky that could find an extra dog
to eat. The Germans seized the lands
from these people and cultivated them
and lined their produce for themselves.
Prussian Rule Illustrated. .
I don't think any of you want to
learn what rule hy the Prussians
means. Suppose tonight that you, sit
ting here in this audience, if your qity
was under Prussian control, . should go
home and find that your wife, that your
daughters had disappeared; no one
could tell you anything except the
neighbors would say: l'A file of Prus
sian soldiers came into the street and
they carried your wife (or they carried
your daughters) away with them."
Not even time given to them to pack
ur their clothes, to say frood-bye, or to
tell where they are going;.
Now that is whai happened to the
population in the great industrial towns
of Lille, and Roubais, and Tourcoing;
towns just like this, inhabited by peo
ple as well educated, as prosperous as
you are, during the German occupation
of Northern France. And I don't tell
you anything that I have not seen my
self, because at ' the end of April of
1916 I went down to the great general
headquarters of the Kaiser in Northern
France, at the town of Charlevllle. I
went there to settle with him direct,
because there seemed to be no other
way of settling it, what we call the
submarine controversy; and there,
while I was motoring about the coun
try, I saw a lot of women and girls
with hoes and rakes In their hands out
14 the fields, and I said, to the officers
with me: "Those are very curious look
ing peasants there. They don't look like
peasants at all." And these officers
passed it off. "Oh," they said, "these
peasants in this part of the country
are very well dressed."
Women Driven to Work.
But that afternoon I met the Ameri
cans of the Belgian Relief Commission
who were engaged in distributing food
sent by you to the population of
Northern France, and then they told me
who these women and girls were. It
seems that the Prussians took all the
land there; they would leave a man
only 10 square yards of his own prop
erty to grow potatoes on, and they
took the rest of the land and cultivated
It by soldiers with cavalry and artillery
horses, and then take the produce for
themselves, and the people live on the
food which Is aent to -them from
America or the Argentines and dis
tributed by Mr. Hoover's commission.
And they said the Germans called for
volunteers In the great city of Lille to
till these rye fields, and only 14 re
sponded, so they immediately gave an
order that the women and girls of Lille
were to be seized as slaves and carried
off to work the fields.
These Americans said: "This order is
being carried out with such barbarity
that we fear that the people that are
left, the old men and the boys and
women, will rise against the Germans,
and then there will be a burning and
a slaughter such as there was In many
a Belgian town."
Chancellor Denlea Authority.
I spoke to the Chancellor and I told
him that I had no orders, but In the
name of humanity I was prepared -to
protest that this thing could not go on;
and he said he could do nothing, that
it was the military who gave the
orders. And it wasn't until six months
afterwards, after the Pope and the
King of Spain and our President had
pleaded in vain, that these women and
these young girls, some of them 15 or
16 years old, or what was left of them,
were sent back to their homes after
having lived all that time in lonely
villages and lonely farmhouses with
the brutal Prussian soldiers. That is
what occupation by the Prussian means.
When I came out of Germany I saw
for the first time the powerful car
toons of this Dutch artist, Louis
Raemacher, that you may have seen
in some of the newspapers. There is
nothing at all exaggerated in those pic
tures. I remember one especially which
represents an old Catholic priest and
a man and the man's boy of 14 stand
ing against a blank wall, waiting to
be shot by a German firing squad, and
underneath is the word. "Hostages,"
and the boy is saying to his father:
father, what have we done that we
should be shot?" There is no exaggera
tion in that. Here I brought with me
today the fac simile of the proclama
tion which, in French, was put up on
the walls of many a Belgian town; put
there by the orders of Field Marshal
von der Goltz, who was the first mili
tary governor of Belgium, and that
proclamation reads: "We have learned
'hat there has eben interference with
- German lines of communication be-j
i- 1 our lines; that railways, tele
s'. h and telephone lines have been
dlsurbed. We have taken hostages
fro these various localities, and if
that there has been interference with
thest lines of communication, whether
the population in these localities is
guilty or not. these hostages will be
immediately shot." And that governor
general of Belgium was removed from
nts high position by the Germans be
cause they said that his rule was too
mild.
Germans Declared Bitter.
We are sending our men to this war,
fn ,Pe ihat none of them faH into
the hands of the Germans as prisoners
of war. Their hatred against us is I
thfV'IfV:1" than thelr hatred against
nnt.M Kl kH- a"d ,n the war the is no
quest on but, that the British prisoners
especially weVe maltreated; the wound!
ed put in cattle cars and starved, and
la iTu prisn camps they were treat
ed with continual cruelty
brfn'T another thing that will
?hitSlnb.Te to. y" thl war ia
that in -the various countries at war
5 0e00e0aeJOday hetween 4.000.0W) and
500 ooo prisoners of war, and we are
1.000 000 men. The Germans alone hold
near..v 2.O00 00fl prisoner, o, war. ana
with these they carry on much of the
ri'Lu " country. These men are
compelled to work in their mines and
factories and on their farms, and are
leased ouf in the same way that con
victs used to be leased out in the
houth. It is a great change from the
imo0f redrick the Great, when
the French- officer prisoners of war
In Germany used to be invited to at
tend balls in the royal palace.
Disease Is Encouraged.
I have been In the camp at Wltten
burg and in. a few days we will cele
brate in this country the 400th anni
versary of Martin Luther, of Wltten
burg, the town where, as many of you
know, he nailed to his church door
his proclamation or his thesis, and in
that town there was a German prison
camp. They brought to it British,
French, Belgian and Russian prisoners.
The Russians were suffering from"
typhus fever not. typhoid, but typhus,
one of the worst diseases that man
kind suffers from and in spite of the
protest of the British medical officers,
who were captured with their men and
who, by the rules of war. must remain
with them as long as there is necessity
for it, these French and these Belgians
were shut up and these British were
placed in the same compound with the
Russians who were suffering from
typhus Yever.
The commander of the camp, against
the protests of the British officers,
said: "You have got to learn to know
your allies," and so he put these men,
who .were well, with these men who
had this infectious disease, and he
thereby murdered them just as much
as if he had gone into the compound
and had blown out their brains with a
revolver. In that camp they had po
lice dogs that were trained to bite the
British prisoners.
- Swedish Declared Loyal.
I know here in the Northwest you
have got a great Scandinavian popu
lation, and ' I have been very much
pleased lately to see how the Swedes
have been meeting and affirming
something, which no one ever doubted
their loyalty to the United States.
(Applause.) Perhaps it will interest
the Swedes to know that there is a
Scandinavian question in Germany, as
well as the Polish question and the
question of Alsace and Lorraine.
In 1S64 Denmark was overrun In a
few days by the Prussians, and the
two Danish duchies of Schleswig and
Holstin were added to the Prussian
crown, and since that time. In 1864,
those Danes have been fighting against
their Prussian masters, because the
Prussian has an absolute talent for
setting against him the people whom
he tries to rule. These people were
forbidden even before the war to listen
to a lecture in Norwegian given by the
great explorer Amundsen. More than
seven of them were forbidden to meet
in any one hotel, becauso the Prus
sians were afraid they might conspire
against them.
Scandinavians Badly Treated.
One day I picked up the Official
Gazette. I had been much troubled
by the fact that the civilian popula
tion in Germany was annoying the
prisoners. They would throw things
at them and insult them as they
passed through the towns. And so it
was a great matter of relief when I
picked up the official journal one day
and saw in it a paragraph which read
as follows: They said in a town of
so and so, naming a little village
in this Scandinavian part of Prussia:
"The following people having been
guilty of improper conduct toward the
prisoners of war have been sentenced
to the following terms of imprison
ment, and their names are here printed
that they may be held up to the con
tempt of Germans for all generations."
I thought that was splendid. I sent
up to our nearest Consul and asked
him to investigate. He went to this
little town and he wrote to me and
said: "I have investigated this. It
appears that there were a number of
prisoners of war on cattle trains being
carried through this town. They made
signs that they were hungry and that
they had been without water for a long
time, and the kind-hearted Scandi
navian population there, far more
kind-hearted than the Prussians, had
given them food to eat and some water
to drink, and because these kind
hearted Scandinavians had given those
poor prisoners of war a cup of cold
water In his name they have been
actually imprisoned and their names
printed in the Official Gazette with the
statement that they were held up to
the contejnpt of Germans for all gen
erations to come. Could anything give
you a better idea of the official hate
of the German autocracy for the na
tions opposed to them in this war?
Some Irish Pro-German.
Some of our Irish friends, and I am
glad to say very few of them, seem
to have some sympathy with Germany.
I should like to have taken those Irish
men to the camp at Lemburg and
shown them how the Irish prisoners
were treated there after they had re
fused to -abandon their oaths and join
the Prussian army. (Applause.) I
don't think any of lis ever want to
come under the dominion of the Prus
sians, and I hope that none of our men
are ever going to become their pris
oners of war. But we are faced with
a problem which every one of you in
this great audience can help solve, and
that is the problem of the people here
at home.
We have got to face the situation.
The great majority of our citizens of
German descent have proved them
selves splendidly loyal to our flag.
(Applause.) But there are a few peo
ple who still sympathize with Ger
many; a few among those of German
descent. Now, what do those people
want?
If you start out In life the first thing
that you want to know is what you are
after; to take no action unless it has
some definite aim. Now, what do these
people want? They didn't come to this
country because we Bent tickets over
for them: they didn't come here on an
excursion; they came here of their own
frea will, because some of them were
driven out by the revolution of 184S,
when they had tried to do something
themselves against this oppressive
autocracy, and after that revolution
there were men like Carl Schura and
General Sigel who came to this coun
try. Carl Schnrz attained a position
he could never have had at home, be
cause he didn't belong to the ruling
class, and was made United States Sen
ator from Missouri, while General
Sigel fought at the head of one of our
armies in the Civil War. (Applause).
Caae of Carl Schura Cited.
Do you think that If they were alive
today Carl Schurz and the Germans
who came with him, fleeing from the
punishment for revolution, and Genr
eral Sigel and the men of his stamp
if they were al!vetoday, do you think
they would be here In this hall or pre
siding over a pro-German meeting in
Minnesota? (Loud applause).
General Sigel's daughter sent her
only son, although he was her support,
to the war the other day, and she her
self gave the answer when she said:
"This boy's grandfather fought or
freedom under President Lincoln, and
he has got to take his place today in
the fight for liberty." (Applause).
In Germany these people who came
here could never have attained the
prosperity that they have attained
here. They nerer would have the same
position. Wa have opened to them
every position in the gift of the people.
Nothing is held back. And in Germany
they don't even have the right to vote.
They only have a shadow of a fran
chise. You read every day in the
newspapers about the Reichstag. The
Reichstag ia going to do this or do
that, and it is for peace or against
peace; but what the Reichstag does
does not make any practical difference.
The German Reichstag has no more
power than a school debating society.
Over the Reichstag is the second cham
ber, corresponding to our United States
Senate, and the members of that are
appointed by the 25 ruling princes of
Germany and represent them and vote
as they are told by those ruling
princes. Don't forget in studying Ger
many that it is not Prussia alone;
there are these other kingdoms and
dukedoms, some of them large king
doms, like Wurtetnburg and Bavaria,
and others like Schoeneberg-Lippe,
principalities so small If you started
toward them in an automobile you
would) have to put on your brakes be
fore you got there er else you would
run over them (laughter); and yet the
prince of that principality is named as
one of the members of this Bundesrath.
Franchise Value Shown.
In Prussia the members there have
this sort of an arrangement They
elect members, it Is true, for the
lower branch of the Prussian Bun
desrath, Over that is the House of
Lords, against which the lower cham
ber can do nothing, but even for the
lower chamber they are elected by a
system of votings depending on wealth.
Suppose a community has a wealth of
$9,000,000. If one man has 13.000.000
they put him In circle No. 1: if S00 men
together have $3,000,000 they make cir
cle No. 2; and 15,0-00 men, who together
may have $3,0,00,000, make up the re
maining circle and when they vote the
one man with $3,000,000 voting in cir
cle No. 1 has his vote count for as
much an the BOO in circle No. 2 and the
16,000 in circle No. 3. (Laughter.)
And. that is the ghost of a franchies
with which the poor Prussian has been
satisfied by his ruling autocracy.
None of the officers in Germany that
amount to anything are elected. They
elect the members of this lower house
and of the Reichstag, but even in the
Reichstag the districts have not been
changed since 1871, so that probably
one-half the people are without repre
sentation. No judges are elected, no
district attorneys, no governors of
provinces, no men who correspond to
the county supervisors, and so on.
They are all appointed from above
down, and all appointed from the Prus
sian noble class; and yet that is the
country that a. certain number of our
German, or people of German descent,
seem to sympathize with.
Labor Kept In Subserviency.
. What is the lot of a German working
man? Why under heaven any working
man in this country wants to do any
thing to help Germany is beyond my
comprehension. I have seen those poor
miserable slaves creep out of their cel
lars in Berlin and try to hold a meet
ing, and they are Immediately knocked
on the head by police, who have di
vided the city into districts so that
no more than 400 or 600 could meet in
any dlstrloa and no one without a
pass could cross from one district to
another and have a grand meeting.
That is the way they are treated. Their
newspapers are under censorship; their
people are under the police.
What wages do they get? Because
we have to go back, of course, to the
time before the war. The most skilled
workingman in Germany got about $2
a day, usually less, and for 10 or 12
hours' work. I had a shooting place
outsida of Berlin, whera I learned a
great deal about their country life.
The people there in the country work
in harvest times for about 48 cents a
day, and the women get about 32 cents,
and for that they would work from
early in the morning, long before dawn,
and that is very early in a country as
far north as the middle part of Hud
son's Bay, and work until long after
sunset; and this labor of women which
brutalizes them, this constant labor in
the' field, which makes the women of
Germany brutes like the men, so that
they have no time for education or for
I study or for reading. Is encouraged by
the ruling class; not only the ruling
I class that owns the Land, but the rul.
! ing class that owns the factories, be
cause it is plain to you that the more
working people you have the cheaper
your1 labor is going to be.
Workers Kept Alive.
Now many people, when they get up
on the soapbox, tell you that the work
ing men of Germany are well taken
care of. They are taken care of. They
are taken care of in the same sense
that you would take care of a useful
horse, or that you would take care of
the inmates of the County Jail. They
are fed and they don't starve, but they
have got to work for their masters.
I don't know anything about any
labor situation in this country, or here.
It would be presumptuous for me to
insert my thoughts into the labor sit
uation, but I sincerely hope that the
working men of America are going to
do nothing which In any way will aid
In the triumph of German arms (loud
and prolonged cheers and applause):
In the triumph of an autocracy that
has always put down the working man.
And I hope that it will never be a re
proach against the working - men of
America, whom I believe are loyal and
patriotic, that by any act of theirs
they have caused a delay which may in
the end mean a disaster to the Ameri
can arms and the death of thousands
of these brave young men that we are
sending to fight in Europe. (Applause).
AVagea Pared for Pensions.
Why, as the soapbox people say,
they are taken care of in Germany;
but they are taken care of in this way:
Deduct from their wages great
amounts, or great amounts compared
to these small wages, for their old
age insurance, their accident insurance,
their anti-employment, their sickness
Insurance and so on and those seem
very splendid measures. They are on
the face of them. On the other hand,
there Is another side to them. I have
had German workingmen, who have
been in America, write to me and say,
"Won't you send us the money to pay
steerage passage back to America? We
want to get out of this country, but
they take so much of our wages for
all of these different forms erf insur
ance that we can t save enough to buy
even a steerage passage to America."
Now then, after a man has paid
these premiums for seven or eight
years, he has a natural disinclination
to leave the country and lose the
benefit of the premiums that have been
deducted from his wages. So very
cleverly the German yunkers owning
the land and the German industrial
classes have in that way joined their
laboring man to the soli. They have
deprived labor of its mobility, of its
undoubted right to emigrate, to move
on, and they have got them as much
chained to the soil as these serfs were,
not in the Middle Ages, but in the year
1819.
Slavery Abolished In 1819.
And think of the position of the
United States at that time; think of
the advances we had made in liberty;
think of the position of every American
in 1S19, and then remember that It was
not until that year that actual slavery.
serfdom, was abolished in the two great
duchies which lie between Berlin and
the Baltic Ocean.
Their liberty In Germany is a plant
of very recent growth. The exemplar
of all German rulers ia Frederick the
Great, and Frederick the Great only
died in 1786. Think of who was living
here at that time; Washington and
Hamilton; and think what they were
saying and what the people were say
ing. And after a fire had destroyed
a town in Silesia, about 1784, Frederick
the Great had sent them a little mqjiey
to help them rebuild the town and the
people came in to see htm to thank
him and they said: "Your Majesty,
we know that the gratitude of such
dust as wa are amounts to, nothing,
but we will always pray for you." They
felt themselves, before Frederick, as
dust kneeling before' him. And when
he died, in his will, he left the people
of Prussia to his successor as if they
were cattle. He said, "I leave to my
successor the Kingdom of Prussia and
all lands which I have, including that
kingdom, whether by right of inheri
tance or by right of Christ, all forts,
fortresses, arsenals, gardens, palaces
and picture galleries, to be his for
ever." Disposing of that people Just
as if they were his cattle. And that,
unfortunately, even today ia the atti
tude of the German.
German Sympathies Analysed.
Now that is the country which ap
parently some of our citizens sym
pathize with. . What do they want?
Do they want to see this country con
quered by Germany? Do they want to
sea the Germans occupying South
Americi and Mexico, and challenging
us in the Western Hemisphere? Do
they want to go back to Germany?
Do they want to go back to Berlin
and be shoved off of the sidewalk
by a Prussian officer and struck in
the face by a Prussian drill sergeant?
I don't know what they are driving at,
but what we should do, because the
time of repentance has gone by, it is
now up to everyone in the country to
declare himself, and there is no half
way course (loud applause), and
everyone must declare himself on one
side or the other, as either American
or a traitor. (Applause.)
Suppose you took one of these German-American
sympathizers, one of
these editors of these papers that are
abusing the President, hampering in
every way our preparations for war,
acting treasonable In every way they
can; suppose we took one of those
people and tied him up and said: "We
are going to send you back to the
Germany which you seem to love so
much." Do you think that in all of
these mountains back of us here there
Is any animal, any wildcat or any
wolf, or any other animal that kicks
and bites and' squeals and scratches,
that would kick and bite and squeal
and scratch harder than a German
American if you told him you were
going to send him back to Germany?
(Loud cheers and applause.)
Short Shrift Promised Rebels.
These people are prolonging the war.
The Germans themselves have long be
lieved, with their failure to understand
the soul of every other nation, that
there was a great body of men here
waiting to rise In their favor. At one
time when I was talking to the For
eign Minister discussing the sinking
of the Lusitania and what should be
done, he pounded on the table and
said: "Your country does not dare do
anything against Germany. We have
in your country 600,000 trained Ger
man reservists who will rise frn arms
if you dare make a move against Ger
many. (Someone 6houted: "Let 'em try It.")
Well, I told him that we had 601.000
lampposts where we would hang them
the next morning. (Loud cheers and
prolonged applause.)
And there is something more. For
the first year and a half of this war
there was nothing at all to prevent
anyone with an American passport
from crossing the ocean and joining
GERARD
the German army (applause and
laughter), and not one of these fat
brewers, not one of these German
Americans who sympathize with that
autocracy that if they were over there
would keep them down in a cast by
themselves, has dared to risk his skin
to cross the ocean. (Applause.) I
wish that some of them would rise.
If only we could show the Kaiser how
high we would hang them! (Applause.)
Pacifists Draw Fire.
And then in this country we have
got worse than that. We have Ameri
cans masquerading as pacifists. Every
body is for peace. I don't think any
page of history shows greater efforts
to keep the peace with another coun
try than the efforts by our great
President to keep the peace with Ger
many. (Loud and prolonged applause.)
What was the situation? They had
killed our women and our children;
they had treated us with contempt.
They filled our country with their
bribe givers and their propagandas:
tried to split us and make us as Russia
is today; set one citizen against the
other. And then, above all, on this
issue of the submarines, for centuries
it had been the undoubted right, at
international law. for a merchant ship
to traverse the seas. That is not ene
my territory. The seas are free. And
the rule was, even before an enemy
ship should be sunk, that warning
must bo given, and the crew and pas
sengers placed in Bafety. Instead of
that they had boldly sunk our ships,
confident that we would do nothing.
Pledge Is Violated.
And when I went on this occasion
that I have told you of, to see the
Kaiser, we then settled, and Germany
agreed that thereafter they would
stand by the rule of international law,
and that no ship would be sunk unless
the passengers and crew had first
been put in safety. That was their
solemn agreement, incorporated by
them in a solemn diplomatic note on
May 4. 1916. ' Well, after that date
they made a few mistakes, as they
called them their submarine com
manders; but nevertheless we passed
that by. I came back here in the
Autumn of 1916 to tell the authorities
here that I thought they were going
to break their pledge, and then I went
back to Germany in December of 1916
and every one in that country, from
the Chancellor down, said, "Why do
you suspect us of wanting to break
this solemn assurance that we have
given you? We are friends with the
United States. We want your friend
ship. We are going to keep that
pledge."
And all the time they had given their
orders to the submarine commanders,
and I knew it. And then there came
a day, the 31st of January, when the,
Foreign Minister wrote me a letter at
4 o'clock. He said, "Please come over
and seo me at 6." I went over to the
Foreign Office, and he then handed
me their challenge, in which they said
that at 12 o'clock that night they would
commence what they themselves call
their ruthless submarine work; that in
the territory which Germany chose to
mark out on the free seas they would
sink any boat, American, Chilean,
Brazilian, Holland. Norwegian or
Swedish, that dared to go into this
part of the seas and sink It without
warning, without puttting the passen
gers and crew in safety.
o Time Uh-ea.
Well, what time for negotiations did
they give us there, what time for dis
cussion? They knew that it took me
two days to cable to America, and two
days to get an answer back, and at 6
o'clock, and it was half past six when
he had finished reading me this note;
and at 12 o'clock that night they were
to commence this form of warfare and
sink our ships instantly. No previous
warning, you remember, to our ships
that might be at sea; instantly com
menced this warfare. That was no
time. Why. Bernard Shaw, the great
English author, says that the 48 hours'
ultimatum given to Serbia by Austria
at the commencement of the war was
not a decent time in which to ask a
man to pay his hotel bill. (Laughter.)
Well, how about this period of five
and a half hours' notice without a
chance for me to cable to my Govern
ment that was given to mo In Berlin?
No. The Germans had thought you
had sunk so low that there was no in
sult, no injury, no kick in the face that
you would not patiently suffer from
the German government. That was
their estimate of the people of Amer
ica, and an estimate in which, thank
God, they have failed. (Applause.)
Dishonorable Peace Decried.
Everybody wanted peace; but. as you
yourselves agree, great as peace is,
you can't have peace and lose your
honor. Peace, like everything else in
the world, la worth nothing at all if
It has to be either bought or kept at
the price of honor. (Applause.) And,
besides the fact that we were forced In
this way into war, besides the fact that
they gave us no time for discussion,
no time for negotiations. It is a fortu
nate thing that we are in' the war,
because the Germans have a deep-seated
hatred of America, and they had it
long before this world war commenced.
They would have challenged us in South
America, where they have colonies sup
ported by money sent from Berlin,
where they have schools supported from
Berlin, that the people may remain
German and be some day a nucelus for
an invading force landing in the south
ern states of Brazil.
On October la, 1913, the Kaiser, when
I had an audience with him. stood in
front of me. He put his face about
four inches from mine and. in a manner
that is quite like Roosevelt's when he
is angry (laughter and applause) he
said, "I shall stand no nonsense from
America after this war. (Laughter and
jeers). America had better look out
after this war."
Early Victory Expected.
He said that because at that time
the German arms were sweeping every
thing before them; because it seemed
as if German arms were Invincible;
and he was looking forward to the
time when the war would end victori
ously to Germany and they then could
come over here and attack America,
Von Tirpitz imposed this submarine
policy on Germany and Von Tirpitz
wrote a manifesto in which he said,
"We must keep the coast of Belgium,
because it Is necessary for us in our
future war against England and Amer
ica." All the political men, all the
orators, all the newspapers of Germany
were taking the same stand. And Von
Tirpitz even gave an interview in
which he said, "We must have the sub
marine war against England, because
we will .bring England down to her
knees in two months; we will force
them, as a condition of peace, to sur
render to us the British navy; we will
add that navy to our own, and then
we will sail for America and collect
from that fat, cowardly, dollar-chasing
nation the entire expenses of the war."
(Laughter).
And your part Is here. Your part is
to uphold America and loyaiism; to
stamp out this treason; not to send our
young men abroad to shed their blood
in Flanders and let the miserable,
snaky traitors lift their heads here at
home. (Applause and cheers).
We are going to win this war (ap
plause and cheers); and we are going
to win it as a united Nation. It is
going to take time to do it, but I have
no doubt whatever that in Heaven's
good time we will see the Star-spangled
Banner moving down Unter den
Linden. (Applause).
Prisoner Identified as Ilobber.
, NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 1. The man
sentenced In the Federal Court hare
Saturday to six months' imprisonment
for Impersonating a United States
Army officer today was identified by
CANT FIND DANDRUFF j
Every bit of dandruff disappears after
one or two ap. .cations of Mandarin
rubbed well into the scalp with the fin
ger tips. Get a 25-cent bottle of Dan
derine at any drug store and save your
hair. After a few applications you can't
find a particle of dandruff or any fall
ing hair, and the scalp will newer Itch.
childrWate
pills; calomel
and castor oil
Give Fruit Laxative When Cross,
Bilious, Feverish or
Constipated.
'California Syrup of Figs" Can't
Harm Tender Stomach,
Liver, Bowels.
Look back at your childhood days.
Remember the "dose" mother insisted
on castor oil. calomel, cathartics. How
you hated them, how you fought
against taking them.
With our children It's different.
Mothers who cling to the old form of
physic simply don't realize what they
do. The children's revolt Is well
founded. Their tender little "insides"
are injured by them.
If your child's stomach, liver and
bowels need cleansing, give only deli
cious "California Syrup of Figs." Its
action is positive, but gentle: Millions
of. mothers keep this harmless "fruit
laxative" handy; they know children
love to tako it; that it never fails to
clean the liver and bowels and sweeten
the stomach, and that a teaspoonful
given today saves a sick child tomor
row. Ask your druggist for a 60-eent bot
tle of "California Syrup of Figs," which
has full directions for babies, children
of all ages and for grown-ups plainly
on each bottle. Beware of counterfeits
sold here. Pee that It is made by
'.'California Fig Syrup Company." Re
fuse any other kind with contempt.
John L. Butler, chief of police of Los
Angeles, as Raymond A. Swett. of that
city. The prisoner, chief Butler de
clared, is wanted in connection with
the theft of jewelry valued at J30.000
at Pasadena.
Parole Follows Institution.
Pleading guilty to an indictment
charging him with obtaining money
under false pretenses, W. M. Edwards
was yesterday sentenced by Presiding
Judge Kavanaugh to from one to five
years in the penitentiary. He was im
mediately paroled to District Attorney
Evans on condition that he make resti
tution to his victims of a total of $12.50
he obtained by passing fraudulent
checks.
Contagious Diseases Hit Town.
MURPHYSBORO. 111., Oct. 1. The
Commissioners this afternoon ordered
all schools, picture shows, churches
and other meeting places closed fol
lowing the discovery of In cases of
smallpox, four cases of diphtheria, and
one of scarlet fever in the city.
IncTea.c of Ratos Asked.
SALEM. Or., Oct. 1. (Special.) The
Mutual Co-operative Telephone Asso
ciation, of Canby, has applied to the
Public Service Commission for an in
crease in Itw rntAs.
V.J'.iV.v-:1ft -v-
MRS. BELLE FOX
4751 N. Paulina St., Chicago.
Mrs. Fox writes us that sometimes
she could not sleep, her scalp itched
so from dandruff. Her hairwas thin,
lifeless and dry. She had the trouble
two years before she tried Cuticura
and was healed hy using one box of
Cuticura Ointment and one cake
of Cuticura Soap.
For sample each free by mail ad
dress post-card: "Cuticura, Dept.
20G, Boston." Sold everywhere.
Soap 25c Ointment 25 and 50c.
PAPPS DIAPEPS1N
FOR INDiGESTiON
OR BAD STOMACH
Relieves Sourness, Gas, Heart
burn, Dyspepsia in Five
Minutes.
Sour, gaasy, upset stomach, indiges
tion, heartburn, dyspepsia; when the
food you eat ferments into gases and
upsets you; your head aches rnd you
feel stck and miserable, that's when you
realize the wonderful acid neutralising
power In Pape's Diapepsin. It makes
all such stomach misery, due to acidity,
vanish in five minutes.
If your stomach is in a continuous
revolt If you can't get It regulated,
please, for your sake, try Pape's Dia
pepsin. It's so needless to have an acid
stomach make your next meal a favor
ite food meal, then take a Uttle Diapep
sin. There will not be any distress
eat without fear. It's because Pape's
Diapepsin "really does" sweeten out-of-order
stomachs that gives it its millions
of sales annually.
Get a large fifty-cent case of Pspe's
Diapepsin from any drug store. It is
the quickest, eurest antacid and stom
ach relief known. It acts almost like
magic it is a scientific, harmless and
pleasant stomach preparation which
truly belongs ia every home. Adv.