Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, September 17, 1917, Image 3

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Morning Oregonian., September 17, 1917, Page 3, Image 3

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Newspaper Page Text1917. BERLIN'S REPLY IS HOT SATISFACTORY that persons in life boats were to be f IIISTRUCTIOH GIVEII taken on board submarines instead of being left off enemy coasts. THREE PROFESSORS NAMED President Kerr Announces Additions PRISONERS OF WAR THE . OREGOMAN,. JIOXDAT. SEPTEMBER 17, to O. A. C. Faculty. OREGON AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. Argentine Foreign Minister In timates Answer on Swed ish Case Is Received. GERMAN RADIO IS SEALED Sweden Says America Has Vsed Her Legation for Transfer of Tele grams in Code and Control Was Not Exercised. BTTEXOS AIRES. Sent. 1. From an authoritative source J Is learned thot the reply of the German government to Argentina's demand for an explanation of Count Luxburg's action in sending secret code messages to Berlin through the Swedish legation has been received here. It is indicated that the reply probably is unfavorable. The Argentine Foreign Minister does not deny the German answer has been received, although he refused to admit the fact. Foreign Minister Pueyredon Informed the Associated Press today that he is satisfied that the expulsion of Count Lujhurg, the German Minister to Ar gentina, has not closed the Incident growing out of the telegrams the Min ister sent to Berlin through the Swed ish legation here. i Enersetlc Actios Planned. M. Pueyredon declared that the gov ernment intends to act energetically, but not precipitately, in upholding the honor of the republic and to close the present incident favorably. The Foreign Minister said he be lieved Germany would make conces sions to retain the friendship of Ar gentina, but explained that friendship between the two countries will end un less the republic obtains the assurances and concessions desired. The government has withdrawn per mission granted to a German wireless company to attempt to receive wireless messages from the German station at Nauen. The German wireless service, con sisting largely of messages from the semi-official Overseas News Agency, which were sent to this country through the Sayvllle station before the entrance of the United States into the war, is distributed from Nauen. It has been reported on several oc casions since the United States and Germany severed relations that infor mation was being sent to Germany by wireless from South America. STOCKHOLM. Sept. 15. The semi official news agency has been author ised by the government to communi cate the following in reference to news dispatches from Washington concern ing the handling of American mess.we to Turkey by the Swedish Foreign Ox flee: America Sends Message. "War between the United States and . Germany was proclaimed on April 6. IMplomatic relations between the United States and Turkey were broken off on the 20th of the same month. On Anril 26 our legation at Constantinople took charge of the interests of the United States in Turkey. "When the American Minister at Stockholm requested that telegrams be dispatched on behalf of the United States the Foreign Minister declared he was ready to accede to the request without imposing conditions. Tele grams destined for the American Le gation at Stockholm have been on many occasions sent in American cipher from the Swedish Legation tn Constanti nople to the Foreign Minister to be handed to the American legation dur ing ths period when Swed'; was en trusted with the charge of American interests in Turkey. Coding; Not Controlled. "It appears from information received that when the cipher was handed to the Swedish Minister at Constantinople there was a possibility of control, al though relying on the loyalty to the Swedish legation in Constantinople o. the American officials entrusted with the coding, this control was not al ways exercised." The losses of the Conservatives in the election apparently are not affect ing the Conservative press. The Aftonblad asks if it is impossible to unite the Swedish people so as to give a resolute "no-" to the entente, which, it says, seeks to interfere in Swedish affairs. The newspaper op poses a change in the ministry, say ing that in such an event "Sweden would soon suffer the fate of Greece by becoming a mere messenger boy for foreign powers." Exposure Considered Threat. As for the Washington disclosures regarding the employment by the Ger man Minister to Mexico of the former iSwedish Charge d' Affaires at Mexico City, Folke Cronholm. to convey in formation to the Berlin Foreign Of fice, the newspaper says: "This is merely a part of threats against us with no foundation for in sinuations against our present leader of foreign affairs." Corvallis, Sept. 16. (Special.) Three new faculty appointments announced by President Kerr follow: H. V. Cbap- pell, assistant professor of dairy man ufacture; Mary Elizabeth Koll. instruc tor in home economics, and Harry C. Woodham, Instructor in pomology. Professor Chappell took: bis under graduate work at South Dakota, and his master degree at Ames, where he is now a member of the dairly faculty. He will succeed R. L Scovllle, resigned. Miss Koll was graduated from the University of Chicago, but did ad vanced work at Illinois. Since gradu ation she has been a member of the Missouri State Normal faculty of home economics. Mr. Woodham comes from California, where he was engaged in teaching sci ence in the California schools for sev eral years. He was graduated from the University of Illinois, after which he took agriculture in the University of California and again at Illinois, specializing in pomology. MARRIAGE FEES DIVERTED San Francisco Magistrates Say Ele vator Operators Are Unfair. SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 16. (Spe cial.) The casual visitor at the San Francisco City Hall would hardly sus pect the importance of the elevator operators. It was one of the Justices of the peace who opened a broader vision of the true importance of the elevator man when he complained today that bridal couples were being diverted from the justices to the chambers of the Supe rior Judges, to the financial loss of the justices who have been collecting no inconsiderable amount in marriage fees. The elevator operators say they are playing fair in their dutues of ele vating the Judiciary, but the Justices are still suspicious and are talking of stationing private traffic officers In the. rotunda in their -won interests. MORATORIUM NOW URGED Montana Exemption Boards Want Drafted Men Protected. HELENA. Mont. Sept. 16. The two district exemption boards of Montana have joined in a telegraphic appeal to tne Montana Congressional delegation to secure the passage of legislation declaring a moratorium In favor of all drafted men. "An alarmingly great percentage of persons claiming industrial exemption are mortgagers. having mortgaged their trm property." says the aooeaL "Under the present circumstance such of the above-mentioned as are called to the colors are liable to default in meeting payments and thereby lose said property. We earnestly reauest that you Introduce such legislation as will prevent the defaulting and fore closure of Incumbrance of all kinds against the property of all persons in the military service and thereby pre vent loan companies from becoming owners of such property." Classes Formed in Prison Camps by Older and Bet ter Educated Men. FOOD OF POOR QUALITY No Food Except Black Bread Served That Could Not Be Eaten With Spoon Wounded and Sick Prisoners Are Exchanged. J (Continued From First Pige.) BERLIN". Sept. 15. via London. Sept 16. The German Foreign Office is still without direct news from Count Lux burg at Buenos Aires and is endeavor ing to reach the Minister through the Argentine Legation here. Berlin news papers of all political factions unite in their condemnation of Luxburg. LONDON. Sept. 16. A semi-official Berlin message received at Amsterdam, says a dispatch to Keuter's Limited, reads: "An alleged report by the German Minister to Mexico concerning the bweilish Charge d'Affaires. published by the American t-tate Department, is unknown in Berlin official quarters." AMSTERDAM. Sept. 16. The Pan German newspapers, which have taken longer than the remainder of the Ger man press to digest Count Luxburg's famous dispatches to the German for eign office through the Swedish lega tion in Argentina, complain of the count's lack of discretion and caution, and indeed appear to be very cross with everyone concerned. Xslse Rrnrded as eeessary. The newspaper Taegliche Rundschau of Berlin says it was not absolutely necessary for the count to announce by cable that he regarded the Argentina foreign minister a notorious ass. It thinks that it might have been said later. The comment of Count Von Revent low in the Tages Zeitung ie distin guished from the rest by the absence of any attempt to explain away Count Luxburg's reference to "sinking with out trace.'" The count merely fumes because such dispatches indicate that the submarine warfare had not been guided strictly and unchangeably by the proclamation of the barred zone. --inking"' Expression Explained. The Kreui Zeltung. like several oth er newspapers, explains Count Lux burg's famous exp'ression at meaning YOUNG FARMERS MAKE GOOD Boys and Girls at Castle Rock Show Splendid Results. CASTLE ROCK. Wash.. Sept. 16. (Special.) The boys and girls of Castle Rock schools held their first fair Saturday and it was quite a suc cess. Interested parents and patrons viewed the exhibits all day, many com ing from out of town. County Agricul tural Agent Keys brought several of the children who had charge of the Kelso division from Kelso. Miss Jenk ins, County School Superintendent, was also a visitor. The exhibition of fruit and vegetable canning by the girls was exceptionally good. The farm products, chickens and other domestic exhibits by the boys indicated bright prospects for the future in this section. Some stalks of corn measured 10 feet 10 inches in height. POTATO GROWERS CALLED Government Grades and Standards Recommended for Adoption. HULLMAN, Wash.. Sept. 16. (Spe cial.) A meeting of great Importance to the potato growers of Washington will be held Friday. September 21. at North Yakima, to discuss the advisa bility of adopting for the state of Washington the proposed potato grades and standards recommended by the bu reau of markets of the United States Department of Agriculture. If the Washington potatoes are to In crease their reputation on other mar kets it la highly desirable that recog nized grades and standards be adopted. INSULT MAY CAUSE DEATH Lad Held Blameless for Shooting Man Who Offended His Sister. CALDWELL. Idaho. Sept. 16. Wal ter Freeman was shot three times last night and seriously wounded by Frank Grim, a 14-year-old boy, who told the authorities that Freeman and a man named Henry Labby made insulting remarks to Grim'a sister and another young woman. Grim and the two girls were return ing home when they were accosted by the two men. Labby was arrested. Sheriff Froman, who investigated the shooting, said young Grim would not be prosecuted. GIRL OF 14 IS ATTACKED Screams Arouse Parents, AVho Frighten Away Soldier. Scre-ma at 2 o'clock this morning awakened the parents of Inis LIggitt, 14, at 407 Tenth street, who frightened away a tcldier wno. tne girl sa4d. at tempted to attack her. ihe man, the girl said, had broken a window and en tered her apartment- On leaving hur riedly he left his hat and coat. It is believed the girl was not harmed. Negro Riot Inquiry to Last 10 Days. EL PASO. Tex.. Sept. 16. One-half of the 164 negro soldiers of the 24th Infantry, held at the Fort Bliss stock ade, in connection with the murders and rioting at Houston. Tex.. August 19. had been examined when the soecial board of inquiry adjourned over the week end vesterday. CaDtaln Homer Preston, chairman of the board, said another 10 days would be required to complete the testimony. Pfc ne your want ads to The Orego ntan. Main 7070, A 6095. wine or beer with their meals: finally arrangements were arrived at by which the German guards left the camp, sim ply guarding the camp from the out side, and the policing of the camp was taken over by the ca. police depart ment, under the chargt. of the prison camp commander and committee. The worst features, of course, were food and the housing. Human nature seems always to be the same. Estab lishment of clubs seems Inherent to the Anglo-Saxon nature. Ten or more per sons would combine together and erect a sort of wooden shed against the brick walls of a barrack, hire some poorer person to put on a white jacket and be addressed as "steward," put in the shed a few deck-chairs and a table and en joy the sensation of excluslveness and club life thereby given. Lads Taught Navigation. Owing to the failure of Germany and England to come to an agreement for. long time as to the release of captured crews or ships, there were in Ruhleben men. as old as 75 years and boys young as 15. . There-were in all between 50 and 60 of these ships' boys. They lived in a barrack by themselves, and under the supervision of a ship's of ficer who volunteered to look after them as a sort of a monitor. They were taught navigation by older prts- oners, and, I imagine, were rather bene- iited by their stay in the camn. 1 fin ally made arrangements by which these boys were released from England and vrermany. With the exception of the. officers and crews of the ships, prisoners were not interned who were over 65. The British government was gener ous in the allowance of money for Ruh- leoen prisoners. Prtsosera Rations Skimped. The amount allowed by the German' government to the camn fommnnriprs for feeding the prisoners was extremely smaii, amy du piennlgs a day. At first many of the camp commanders made contracts with caterers for the feeding ul uio prisoners, and, as the caterers' profit had to come out of thia very small sum, the amount of food which the remainder purchased for the pris oners was small, indeed. As the war -went on the prisoners' de partment of the War Office tried to in- auce tne camp commanders to abandon tne contractor system and purchase supplies tnemseives. a sort of conven tion of camp commanders was held in Berlin, which I atended. Lectures were there given on food and its purchase and methods of disinfecting prisoners, on providing against typhus and on housing and other subjects. A daily lunch was served, supposed to be com posed of the exact rations given at the prison camps. The schedules of food. etc. marin out by the camp comanders and furnished to foreign correspondents were often not followed in practice. I know on one occasion when I was at the camp of Doeberitz, the cuni commander gave me his schedule of food for the week. This provided that soup with pieces of meat was to be given on the aay of my visit, but on v'sitlng the camp kitchen I found that the con tractor was serving fish instead of meat. Some of the camp commanders not only treated their prisoners kindly, but Introduced manufactures of furni ture, etc., to help the prisoners to pass their time. Studio Is Provided. The camps of Krossen and Gottlne-en deserve special mention. At Giessen the camp commander had permitted the erection of a barrack in which certain prisoners who were electrical experts gave lessons in electrical fitting, etc.. to their fellow prisoners. There was also a studio in this camp, where pris oners with artistic - talent were fur nished with paints and allowed to work at painting and the like. As more and more people were called to the front in Germany greater use was made of the prisoners, and in the Summer of 1916 virtually all the pris oners were compelled to work outside of the camps. They were paid a small extra sum for this, a few cents a day, and, as a rule, were benefited by the change of scene and occupation. The Russians, especially, became very use ful to the Germans as agricultural la borers. Starvation Diet Furnished at Rnkleben. Professor Alonzo E. Taylor, of the University of Pennsylvania, a food ex pert, and Dr. D. J. McCarthy, also of Philadelphia, joined my staff in 1916 and proved most efficient and fearless inspectors of prison camps. Doctor Taylor could use the terras calories, proteins and so on as readily as Ger man experts, and at a greater rate of speed. His report showing that the of ficial diet of the prisoners in Ruhleben was a starvation diet incensed the Ger man authorities to such fury that they forbade him to revisit Ruhleben. Professor Buckhaus, the German ex pert, agreed with him in'some of hia findings. I do not know what will hap pen to the professor, who seemed will ing to do his best for the prisoners. He wrote a booklet on the prison camps, which he asked permission to dedicate to me, but the War Office, which pub lished the book, refused to allow him to make this dedication. It was a real pleasure to,see the way in which Doc tor Taylor carried on his work of food inspection. . and his work, as well as that of the other doctors sent from America to Join my staff. Doctors Fur bush. McCarthy. Roler, Harms, Webster and Luginbuhl, ' did much to better camp conditions. Doctor Caldwell, the sanitary expert, known for his great work in Serbia now, I believe, head of the hospital at Pittsburg reported that .he prison diet, ""while of good quality, and. per haps sufficient in quantity by weight, is lacking in the essential elements which contribute to the making of a well-balanced and satisfactory diet. It is lacking particularly in fat and pro tein content, which is especially desir able during the colder months of the year. ... There is considerable doubt whether- this diet alone, without being supplemented by the articles of food received by the prisoners from their homes, would in any way bs suf ficient to maintain the prisoners in health and strength.' Doctor Caldwell also visited Witten berg and found tne commander by tern- - r l : : n ff j Buy IDEAL heating NO W! Remember that the house is for seven months to be a winter abode. 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There Is, how ever, a nervous discrimination in eat- ing In man: a diet, scientifically fitted to keep him alive, may fail because of its mere monotony. Think of living; as the prisoners of war in Germany have for years without ever havingr anything: (except black bread) which cannot be eaten with a spoon. Officer prisoners, after matters had settled down and after several bitter contests which I had with the German authorities, were fairly well treated. There was, as in the case of the camps for the privates, a great difference be tween camps and a great difference be- ween camp commanders. Mr. Jackson did most of the visiting of the officers' camps. In many camps the officers were allowed a tennis court and other amusements, light wine or beer at meals, but the length of the war had a bad effect on the mental condition of many of the officers.. Wounded 'and Slclc Exrhanged. A great step forward was made when arrangements were entered into be tween Germany and England whereby wounded and sick officers and men, when passed by the Swiss commission, which visited both countries, were sent to Switzerland sent still as prisoners of war subject to return to Germany or England, respectively. But the op portunity afforded by change of food and scene, as well as reunion of fam ilies, saved many a life. By arrange ments between the two countries, also, the severely wounded . prisoners were set free. - I believe that this exchange of the heavily wounded between the Germans and the Russians was the factor which prevented the entrance of Sweden into the war. These wounded men traversed the whole length of Sweden in the rail way, and tne spectacle afforded to the Swedish population of these poor stumps of humanity, victims of war. has quite, effectually kept the Swedish population from an attack of unneces sary war fever. Officers and men who tried to escape were not very severely punished in Ger many, unless they had broken or stolen something in their attempt. Officers were usually subjected to a Jail con finement for a period, and then often sent to a sort of punitive camp. Such a one was situated in one of the ring forts surrounding the city of Kustrln, which I visited in September, 1916. There the officers had no opportunity for exercise except in a very small courtyard or on the roof, which was covered with grass, of the building in which they were confined. , Many Doctors Are Jews. On my visit, however, I arranged for the construction of a tennis court out side. The British officers in Germany virtually subsisted on their parcels re ceived from home, and, during the end of my stay, a much better tea could be had with the prison officers than with the camp commander. The prisoners had real tea and marmalade and white bread to offer, luxuries which had long since disappeared from all German tables. On the whole, the quarters given to the officers' prisons in Ger many were not satisfactory and were not of the kind that should have been offered to officer prisoners of war. At the time I left Germany there were nearly 2,000,000 prisoners of war in the empire, of whom about 10,000 were Russian officers, 9000 French of ficers and about 1000 British officers. As a rule, our inspectors found the hospitals, where the prisoners of war were, in as good condition as could be expected. I think this was largely due to the fact that so many doctors in Germany are Jews. The people who are of the Jewish race are people of gentle in stincts. In these hospitals a better diet was given to the prisoners. There were, of course, in addition to the regular hospitals, hospitals where the severely wounded prisoners were sent. Almost uniformly these hospitals were clean and the prisoners were taken care of. (Continued tomorrow.) years, died yesteraa at the family residence in Doty. The funeral was held thia afternoon. Young Woodring was a student in the Doty High School. He was born in Missouri. High School Student Buried. CENTRALIA, Wash, Sept 16. (Spe cial.) Palmer . Woodring. aged 15 Red Crown's con tinuous chain of boiling points in sures maximum power and mileage. Standard Oil Company (Califoraia) powe: 1 :J H i in i i n ii urn iff si i, 1 Centralis Man Laid to Rest. CENTRALIA, Wain, Sept. 16. (Spe cial.) The funeral of E. S. Wheeler, of Centralia. who- died Wednesday as the result of injuries sustained in a fall, was held here this afternoon. The Modern Woodmen of America, of which he was a member, had charge of the services. Camphor is now grown in Florida and Texas, the trees forming attractive hedges. - Victrola IX A Popular Style $50 On the Easiest Terms This style may be set on the Library Table or on a Cabinet it may be had in Dull Finished Mahogany Fumed Oak Weathered Oak Golden Oak Other Victrolas from $15 to $350 the terms are so easy that while you are enjoying it in your home a few dollars a month will pay for it. Victor Department First Floor Dealers in Steinway and other Pianos, Pianola Pianos, Victrolas and Records, Player Music, Music Cabinets, etc. Shermanlay & Ga Sixth and Morrison Streets. Opposite Postof fice.