THE MORNING OREGONIAIT,' WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 12, 1917.
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. IS, 1917.
THE MAN ON HORSEBACK APPEARS.
The Russian revolution is taking the
Inevitable course, following the prece
dent of other revolutions, that in the
United States being: a marked ex
ception. Although the presence on
KuBSian soil of a powerful foreign
enemy, threatening the independence
of the Nation, was the strongest im
aginable incentive for unity, the first
use which. Russians made of their
freedom was to indulge in factional
wrangles about the manner in which
they should exercise the right of self
government. The result has been no
government, with imminent danger
that liberty will be lost.
The first impressive effect of the
Czar's overthrow was utter demorali
zation in the Army and Navy. The
bonds of discipline were dissolved,
officers were disobeyed and frequent
ly murdered, each regiment resolved
itself into a mass meeting to discuss
the elementary rights of man, and
Individual soldiers fraternized with
the Germans and took them into the
debate. The lines were opened to
hostile agitators, who- deliberately ag
gravated internal division by stimulat
ing debate and by instigating strikes
for Impossible wages and hours of
.work.
One can picture the smiles of satis
faction which must have wreathed
the faces of the Kaiser and Von Hin
denburg at this spectacle. They took
care that, through their paid hire
lings and their simple dupes, the ref
erendum on the questions whether
Russia should fight, how she should
fight, for what she should fight and
how she should be governed would be
continuous, and that the clash ot
tongues should silence the clash of
arms while they sent their legions to
stay the advance of the allies in the
.west.
The decision was reached to con
tinue the war, but the army had
ceased to be an army in the spirit in
which every man of sense understands
the word, for it was devoid of that
discipline and prompt obedience to
officers which are essential to an ef
fective fighting force. The tried
political leaders who had carried out
the revolution were displaced and all
hopes centered on Kerensky, the
leader of the Socialists who most
earnestly wished to fight. To restore
discipline, he proclaimed a rule of
blood and iron, yet he accompanied it
with that fatal word "but." The death
penalty was necessary for mutiny and
cowardice, but must only be imposed
by commanding officers when a civil
commissioner approved.
Kerensky tried to compensate for
thus weakening the authority of the
officers by majcing passionate ap
peals to the patriotism of the troops
and the Russian information bureau
in this country gives assurance that
85 per cent of the men were willing
to fight and that the war spirit was
eo strong that in the first two months
after the revolution 109,000 de
serters returned to the ranks on the
immediate battle front, besides large
numbers in the interior.
On July 1 Kerensky induced the
army in Oalicia to attack and for a
few days it won decided success. But
the canker of sedition had eaten too
deep into the ranks. The cowardly,
treasonable or seditious 5 per cent
abandoned its positions, thereby
spreading distrust among the rest and,
by leaving great gaps in the line,
forced a general retirement. Thus
the impotence of oratory to lead an
army to victory was proved.
Kerensky, who is a politician, not a
soldier, tried to win by compromise
between the admitted necessity of dis
cipline and the objection of the radi
cals to investing generals with power
to enforce discipline. The moderate
and liberal elements, hoping that he
might prove to be the man of the
hour, gave him his chance. He made
a last effort at the assembly of all
parties in Moscow, but there he was
confronted with the stern facts and
with the logic deduced from them by
General Korniloff, who has learned by
long experience the means by which
alone an army can be welded into a
weapon for winning battles.
Korniloff told the assembly of the
serious decrease in the munition and
food supply caused by anarchy at
Petrograd, and of the demoralization
in the ranks caused by restriction of
military authority. The delegates from
the Soldiers and Workmen's Council
growled their disapproval, and Keren
sky, to hold them in line, refused to
grant full powers. Korniloff, in de
spair, has undertaken to seize the
reins from the babbling horde of
theorists and politicians at Petrograd
The General appears to have acted
with the vigor to be expected of a
military chief and to have the sup
port of the Cossacks and troops from
remote provinces, who are veterans
free from the sedition which has in
fected the newer levies. Advancing
on the capital from several directions,
he may isolate it and cut off Its food
supply, which is derived mainly from
Central and Southern Russia over
lines of railroad which he holds. His
forces are doubtless subject to the dis
cipline for the maintenance of which
they fight, while those of Kerensky
may find their lack of that virtue
fatal to their hopes. The accession
of Guchkoff, ex-Minister of War, and
several Generals to KornilofFs cause
suggests that the moderate elements
have rallied to him. It would be not
surprising if the mass of the genu
lnely Russian population should be
behind him and should welcome the
suppression of the anarchist elements
which have dominated Petrograd for
the last five months.
That city is perhaps the least Rus
sian in all Russia, for it swarms with
Germans, with Finnish Socialists and
with people whoso minds are receptive
to every new doctrine. Bureaucratic
adherents of the empire abound there,
Germans are many among the people
of the adjoining Baltic provinces, and
these elements would find a city of
the character described an easy field
in which to work for the purpose of
weakening the provisional government
and keeping the nation divided. It
may well be that old Russia will re
joice at "the prospect of seeing this
nest of discordant and alien factions
made subject to stern military rule,
which will compel all to do their duty
for their country when it is fighting
for its life.
The rebellion of Korniloff against
the Petrograd debaters is the fit se
quel to the events of the last few
months in Russia, as was the seizure
of supreme power by Cromwell in
England the natural end of the sec
taries' quarrels in Parliament, or the
coup d'etat of Napoleon the only
means of bringing order out of chaos
to which the first revolution reduced
France. If the forces which oppose
Korniloff should prove strong enough
to involve Russia in civil war, then
the prospect for the new republic is
dark, indeed. Germany would fish
skillfully in such troubled waters, and
would draw much strength therefrom,
being enabled perhaps to prolong the
war for years and to fix a grip on
the country, which could not soon be
broken.
The best outcome of the present
conflict, both for Russia and for
the cause of democracy in general.
would be a quick and decisive triumph
for Korniloff and his legions. A man
on horseback is needed to save Russia.
WHY DANIELS?
Josephua Daniels can be explained
only on the theory that President Wil
son is firmly persuaded that anybody
can make a good enough Secretary of
War so long as he is President.
Evidently he doesn't want un
doubtedly he thinks he doesn't need
a Root, or a Roosevelt, or a Taft, or a
Gardner in his Cabinet.
It is not forgotten that Mr. Root
made a great Secretary of War and
an even greater Secretary of State;
that Mr. Roosevelt, with an intense
interest in affairs military and naval,
was Assistant Secretary of the Navy
when the Spanish-American War
broke out; that Mr. Taft impressed the
Nation so deeply with his competency
as Secretary of War that he was made
President, and that Mr. Gardner was
the one voice crying in the wilderness
of Congress three and two years ago
on the needs of the Navy. That the
Democratic party is not without suit
able material for the Secretaryship of
the Navy is shown by the admirable
record of William C. Whitney under
President Cleveland.
The blunder in the official an
nouncement of the naval victory.
made yesterday, was to have been ex
pected from a department presided
over by Josephua Daniels. It is on a
par with that other great literary
achievement, last July, when the Sec
retary told of the mighty naval vic
tory over the submarines which had
"attacked in force" our first trans
port fleet crossing the Atlantic, "al
though," said our bubbling Secretary,
"the night made impossible any exact
count of the U-boats gathered for
what they deemed a slaughter." The
ominous gathering of U-boats, it was
later learned, attained the grand total
of one, or perhaps two. Daniels had
re-written the matter-of-fact report
of Admiral Gleaves in his best penny
thriller style.
The Nation has no confidence in
Daniels. Every little revelation of his
superficial personality and over
whelming egotism serves to increase
the general uneasiness as to the effi
ciency of his administration. If there
shall be a disaster at sea and every
day of Daniels invites it the Presi
dent will hear from the country in no
unmistakable terms as to his Secre
tary of the Navy.
NEW WORK FOB DISTILLERIES.
A favorite plea of those who defend
the liquor business against prohibition
by appeal to selfish Interests has been
that its abolition would cause wide in
dustrial distress and serious financial
loss. But there is no reason to expect
that the disappearance of whisky man
ufacture will cause more than a ripple
on the surface. There is abundant
other profitable employment for the
distilleries and their employes, and
they will be transferred to other occu
pations with slight, if any, loss of capi
tal or wages.
Many of the plants are to manufac
ture industrial alcohol, for which there
is already an enormous demand from
munition-makers. Alcohol is also
coming into greater use as fuel with
the growing application of internal
combustion engines to every purpose
and with the increasing scarcity and
higher cost of gasoline. The time may
not be distant when it will begin to
supplant gasoline in motor vehicles.
the chief requisite being a distribution
system which will assure a motorist
that he can fill his tanks at any cross.
roads village as easily as he now finds
gasoline.
Farm refuse is a great source of raw
material for alcohol, which, it was
hoped, farmers would utilize when the
denatured alcohol law was passed, but
the farmer s innate conservatism, com
bined with the restrictions which Con
gress included in the law, has pre
vented. Some of the unused distiller
ies may be adapted to use of this ma
terial, and the great business organi
zation behind them may apply its
energy to make alcohol popular and
accessible to the consumer. In the
end the men who have hitherto made
whisky may 'be so profitably occupied
otherwise that they will lose all desire
to revive their former industry.
Displaced labor is being absorbed
more rapidly than the idle plants. At
Peoria, the chief distilling center, it
was predicted that the 1200 men
thrown out of work would be employed
by manufacturers of farm implements.
tractors and engines without loss of
time. Equally prompt transfer of la
bor may be expected at other cities.
There is work for all men who wish
to work, ' also for all who object ito
work.
Naval authorities agree that the
only chance of another naval battle is
that the German fleet make another
sortie, and the Army and Navy Journal
.thinks that chance is slim. It believes
that an attempt to reach the Atlantic
in force would cost the Germans too
many ships for them to make the ven
ture. A few ships might get past the
British fleet and, by steaming far
north, might get across the ocean, but
their chance of destruction would be
greater than their chance of escape,
for they would have no friendly har
bor north of Mexico and would have
to depend for supplies on capture of
merchant ships, a resource which
failed the Prina Eitel Friedrich. Al
though a hurried bombardment of
some American coast town would have
no military value and would be fol
lowed by the great risk of losing their
ships, the Germans might attempt it,
as they have considered bombardment
of English bathing- resorts a great
achievement. As it would be practical
suicide for the allied fleet to hunt the
Germans out of their safe retreat, the
chances of a decisive naval battle are
small. About the only chance is that,
facing defeat and possible starvation
on land, the Germans should make
one desperate bid for a favorable de
cision at sea. .
SOBER AND DEVOUT EDITORS.
The esteemed South Bend (Wash.)
Journal is led to make this interest
ing observation on a recent event of
newspaper concern In the State of
Washington: "
Who would have dreamed a quarter of a
century ago that In A. D. 1917 the Wash
ington State Press Association would hold
a dry banquet, that it would be held in a
church, and that It would close with the
membership thereof rising to their feet and
lustily singing the Doxology? What optimist
then living would have dreamed that, in
place of the smutty stories, the mauldlln
toaats of bright men, who would not think
of becoming drunk on any other occasion,
and the horse play which would naturally
accompany such a banquet, three of the five
speakers shouid have given their addresses
a distinctly religious turn?
A few years ago the annual session
of this same State Editorial Associa
tion was held in a brewery, and it is
of record that a distinguished journal
ist who was down on the programme
for an address on the "Ethics of the
Newspaper Profession" was so over
come by the peculiar nature of brew
ery hospitality that he forgot his
speech. But those days are gone never
to return. For six years beginning
long before the state went dry the
Washington editors have abolished
liquors from their banquets, and no
one has complained that they are less
interesting than formerly.
There is no reason of course why a
newspaper editor should not be a reli
gious person, if he is so minded, as
some are more perhaps than for
merly. It is a fact that a London free-
thought newspaper has, since the war
began, publicly recanted and declared
its belief in God. Evidently there is
less and less inclination in Great Brit
ain, as the days of bitter and terrible
struggle wear on, to accept the Prus
sian dictum that God is a German.
The South Bend editor has discov
ered no new phenomenon that in
time of war religion flourishes and men
are more inclined to invoke the aid
and sympathy of Divinity. Let him
and all others who may give thought
to the subject read H. G. Wells on
God, the Invisible King." It is one
man s view, but it is perhaps an
interpretation of processes which are
working in other men's minds.
PURE BUT INEFFICIENT.
Now we know what is the matter
with the Oregon Legislature if any
thing is the matter with it. It is too
pure.
The learned Mr. Lowell, a member
of the Massachusetts constitutional
convention, informs that body that the
"initiative and referendum in Oregon
has caused some improvement in the
purity of the Legislature, but it has
reduced its efficiency, so that the peo
ple care little what the Legislature
does, for the people can legislate far
themselves."
It is quite certain that Mr. Lowell
does not believe that purity and effi
ciency are legislative graces that go
hand in hand, for he makes practically
the same criticism of California.
There the Legislature has not yet
acquired purity. It is merely 1000
times better than it was when the
Southern Pacific controlled it, so he
says, but it has been much reduced
in efficiency.
States that have adopted the in
itiative and referendum, we learn
from Mr. Lowell, have adopted it as
a means of relief froni" unbearable
conditions in the Legislature, but that
in Massachusetts conditions are en
tirely different. The Legislature has
never acquired such a status in the
public mind.
Presumably the Massachusetts Leg
islature is already pure, and therefore
inefficient. But it has the added vir
tue of meeting annually, and conse
quently is able to accomplish much
that a biennial Legislature could not
accomplish - except through trades.
bribery, bossism and other things that
go to make up impurity.
But what does he mean by
efficiency? If it is volume of legisla
tion enacted within a brief period, we
will pit the 40-day biennial Oregon
Legislature against any deliberative
body on earth. We guess that Mr.
Lowell has never counted the pages in
the Oregon session laws.
FARMING BY THE MOON.
The chief of the United States
Weather Bureau has taken the trouble
to Inform farmers again that it is use
less for them to take account of the
moon's phases in planning their op
erations. Nevertheless, it will require
more than an official warning to
eradicate the notion that this or that
vegetable thrives or not according to
wnetner tne moon was "light" or
"dark" at the time of planting, or that
a rail fence will rot or a well fill up
unless similar care has been observed.
The moon superstition dies hard.
but there is some evidenoe that it is
not so firmly persisted in as formerly,
and so scientists are encouraged to
keep up their campaign against it.
Chief Marvin not only makes the
statement that "it is the general be
lief of scientists that the moon has
no appreciable influence on tempera
ture, rainfall or any other weather
element, or on plant-growth," but he
gives a striking illustration, made pos
sible by the recent invention of del
icate instruments for the measurement
Of the intensity of light.
It is now known, as the result of
experiment, that when a plant is so
shaded that it receives only one one-
hundredth of normal daylight, it grows
but little better than it does in abso
lute, darkness. Full daylight is about
600,000 times brighter than full moon
light. Hence, says Mr. Marvin, one
hundredth of daylight, already too
feeble to stimulate plant activity ap
preclably, is still 6000 times brighter
than full moonlight.
Plant growth is dependent on tem
perature,, light, humidity and plant
food. Since the moon neither mellows
the ground nor fertilizes it, it must
depend on its light if it exerts any
action at all. This last stand of the
moon hoax believers would seem to
have been taken away by actual
measurements.
Still, the old notions will persist.
as we have said. There will be occa
sional potato-growers who will not
dig their crop in the "dark of the
moon" because they fear that the
keeping quality of the tuber will be
impaired. But the. more modem ones
will take advantage of good weather
and go right ahead with the harvest,
and if the crop is ripe and their pits
are well protected they will stand as
good a chance as anyone of saving
their produce.
BHIPS AND MOKE SHIPS.
The complete text of a speech
recently delivered by Mr. Lloyd George
in the House of Commons, which has
now reached this country by mail,
reveals numerous important details of
the submarine warfare.
The net losses to British shipping
have been under 250,000 tons a month
and are' diminishing to about 175,000
tons. Net losses are ascertained by
subtracting the tonnage newly built
from that destroyed.
The decrease in losses has been ac
complished in spite of more favorable
weather conditions for submarine
activities, and In the face of an in
creasing output of submarines by
Germany.
The repressive measures adopted by
the admiralty are naturally not dis
closed but countering methods have
fully protected the flow of Imports.
That this is true is demonstrated by
comparison of imports in June and
July of this year with imports in the
same months of 1916. Tonnage devoted-
to carriage of Government ma
terial to the armies abroad has not
been allowed to diminish. The entire
burden is borne by ordinary imports.
For that purpose the tonnage avail
able was about 20 per cent under the
amount available in the preceding
year, but the shipping controller had
so arranged routes, schedules, unload
ing and other elements that the fewer
number of ships brought in in the two
months of 1917 150,000 more tons
than was imported in June and July
of the preceding year.
But it is clear that if net losses
continue and Germany Is able to keep
on fighting and building submarines
indefinitely, a time will come when
efficiency in the use of tonnage left
will not suffice. As Mr. Lloyd George
says, "everything depends on those
engaged in shipbuilding doing their
very best." There is no doubt about
the sufficiency of tonnage for 1917.
But the United States must have its
whole shipbuilding capacity at work
in 1918 and 1919.
BILLIONS.
Our war expenditures, past and
prospective, are truly stupendous.
They are teaching us to think in bil
lions, where we used to regard a
million as a vast sum. But we are
living in a billion-dollar age, In a
billion-dollar country.
.We have already appropriated in
round figures some $9,000,000,000 for
war purposes. We are preparing to
appropriate about $10,000,000,000
more, making $19,000,000,000 in all.
Our loans to our allies will reach
some $7,000,000,000, which " will be
repaid. Our appropriations on our
own account, therefore, foot up to
about $12,000,000,000. This includes.
however, large sums for ships, which
will be of service when peace is made.
But the figures do not look so large
when compared with our resources.
For example:
Our National wealth In 1916 Is es
timated at $187,739,071,090, whereas
in 1900 it was only $88,517,306,000.
Our National income for the fiscal
year ended June 30 last was more than
$45,000,000,000.
The value of our farm property in
1916 was $40,991,000,000, and of our
farm produce in the same year $10,-
501,686,000. The value of our manu
factures that year was $20,672,051,-
000.
In every column to which we turn
for information about our National
greatness, our industry and our pro
ductiveness, we encounter billions.
The billion is fast becoming our unit.
What wonder, then, if we conduct our
war on a billion-dollar basis?
In the case of a woman held for
shoplifting the judge accused her of
shedding "crocodile tears," while the
attorney prosecuting interposed to
keep her from jail. Yet the popular
opinion of prosecuting attorneys is
that they are men whose one desire is
to fill the jails.
Keep a goat on the back lot fo
family milk; raise rabbits for family
meat; keep chickens for family eggs.
and, if there be a little room, what's
the matter with raising a pig? If
the back lot Is not big enough, move
the house.
There is alarming shortage in hops
this year and the brewers will ne"ed
all. If they must pay a very hieh
price, the producers in this and other
"dry" states will not grieve.
The man wanted for the heinous
crime at Carbonado is a paroled con
vict from Walla Walla. When caught
the state should waive claim and let
him get a fresh sentence.
That general dog law that was local
In spots has been declared unconsti
tutional. The Constables are happy
and the father of it should study up
on taxing cats.
The fisherman gets four cents for
Chinook and the consumer pays
twenty cents for the fish. Some dif
ference, but what can the latter do?
Old John Bull is rubbing his eyes
and sitting up in wonder over success
of the plea of "unwritten law." It's
so intensely American, you know.
Colonel Mav can rest aRsurot fruit
dependents will be cared for and not
oy cnanty. Tne people or mis state
know their duty.
The blunder in announcement yes
terday gave a fellow opportunity to
let out a few yells, and that was
something.
It Is impossible to convince the
lantern-jawed down-easter that wom
en have any rights. The latter should
migrate.
There is some relief in sight for
the small boy who objects to exces
sive cleanliness. A famine in soap is
likely.
An Esperantist wastes time follow
ing the war the world will talk Eng
lish if it wants to do business.
The tobacco fund for American sol
diers abroad is a popular way of doing
good with "two bits."
If there is a game today, why not
hand the Beavers an old-time rally
for luck?
How to Keep Well.
Br Dr. . W. A. Evans.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of diseases, if matters of
general Interest, will bo answered in this
column. Whan space will not permit or the
subject Is not suitable, letters will bo per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
Is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diag
nosis or prescribs for Individual diseases. Re
quests for such servloes cannot be answered.
(Copyright. . 191S. by Dr. W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
POOREST CHANCE FOR FIRST BORN.
IN their study of infant welfare at
Manchester, N. H., Mrs. Duncan and
Miss Duke found that 13,720, or 20 per
cent, of the entire population were
French-Canadians. The French-Canadians
were "generally thrifty, elf-re-specting
people, ambitious to own their
own homes and to accumulate prop
erty." They were very much disposed
to live to themselves and to follow the
customs which they had Inherited.
Since French-Canadians usually have
large families, this group furnished an
opportunity to study baby death rates
in a large city where both death and
birth registration were unusually com
plete. The average number of children
born to a French-Canadian family was
4.8; 24.1 per cent of the French-Canadian
mothers had had four to six chil
dren; 13.5 per cent had had seven to
nine children; 9.7 per cent had had 10
to 12, and 5 per cent had had more than
13 children.
The general death rate Is always
lower than the birth. However higher
the death rate may be in infancy, the
birth rate is always a good many
points higher.' Therefore & race with a
high birth rate always Increases in
population even though their baby
death rate be excessive. The reporters
found that where the families aver
aged less than three children the infant
death rate was 148.7; where the mother
had 'borne four to six it was 162.9;
seven to nine, 183.6; 10 to 12. 214.4; 13
to 15, 241.1.
The first baby born had the poorest
chance of living. An important reason
is that the mother knows only little
of baby care. She learns on her first
baby. The death rate of first babies
was somewhere between 166 and 174.
The mothers having learned on their
first babies were able to achieve a
lower death rate for the second, third,
fourth and fifth. Then the improve
ment came to a halt and the curve be
gan to ascend. The death rate among
babies ninth and later in the order of
birth was 250. The later babies in
these very large families do not stand
a good chance of living.
The babies of very young mothers
have a high death rate. The death rate
of babies where the baby was the first
and the mother was under 20 was 241.
Where the baby was the second the
rate was 222.6. The babies born to
mothers 40 and over had a death rate
of 169.2.
The babies born to mothers 30 to 39
years of age had the best chance of
living. Part of this was due to the fact
that tney were sturdy babies. Part of
it was due to the fact that the mothers
of that age know how to care for their
young. Among the foreign-born
mothers the best age for child bearing
viewed from the standpoint of baby
safety was 25 to 29. Foreign mothers
start child bearing earlier.
Summarising The birth rate is al
ways much higher than the baby death
rate. The first baby has the poorest
chance of living. The baby death rate
in large families is always high. The
later born babies have the highest
death rates. Babies born to very young
mothers have high death rates. The
lowest baby death rates among the
babies of native-born mothers are
found when the mothers are 35 to 39
Among foreign-born mothers at age of
25 to 29.
Treatment May Care. .
Mrs. L. II. M. writes: "Will you kind
ly state whether in your opinion a tu
bercular gland in the neck is a serious
condition, and whether a treatment of
tuberculin injection will permanently
relieve same, if accompanied by a nour
ishing diet, including milk, etc., fresh
air and a generally hygienic method
of living? Is operation usually neces
sary?"
REPLY.
Tubercular glands In the neck are not of
great consequence if promptly cared for.
Tuberculin, good food, fresh air and sun
llerlit will cure most cases. Operation is
not usually necessary.
Have Growth Removed.
Anxious Mother writes: "My daugh
ter Is 16 years old and some time ago
she observed that her right breast was
increasing in size over that of her left
one. Now a distinct, round, hard lump
can be felt when the hand is placed
over it. This makes her one side
about twice as large as the other. It
pains her greatly a few days prior to
her menstrual period, especially when
she raises her arm. Neither can she
sleep on her right Bide without pain.
What, In your opinion, causes this?
What steps do you suggest In order
that I might aid in securing better fu
ture comfort and health for her?"
REPLY.
It Is probable that this Is a cyst or else
some other form of benign tumor. It will
be safe and mora satisfactory generally to
have the growth removed.
Karell's Ml lie Care.
J. S. writes: "Will you please ex
plain what ' Karell's milk cure is, or
else state where directions may be
found?"
REPLY.
Karell's milk euro consist In taking six
ounces of milk at four-hour Intervals dur
ing the day and taking no other food or
drink. The bowels are kept open by mineral
oil If needed. After a week a few articles,
such aa fruits, vegetables, meat and bread
are added to the diet gradually. The treat
ment Is used for conditions in which dropsy
is present. It Is also used for obesity.
Nose Bleeding Remedy.
G. B. writes: "What should a boy of
If do to check excessive nose bleeding?
It occurs several times a week and is
worse on hot days."
REPLY.
Grasp the nostrils so as to compress them.
Lean forward. Remain in this position for
10 to 15 minutes. Release the pressure on
the nostrils gradually. Do not disturb the
clot In the nose for some time. It la poa
slble that a physician could locate tl.e spot
which bleeds. If so he will touch It with a
cautery and prevent a repetition of the
bleeding.
Sigma of he Times.
Detroit Free Press. ,
"Has your wife started her Fall
house-cleaning V
"I guesa ao. The hired girl quit yesterday."
TIME FOR SACRIFICE, NOT PROFIT
Cost of War Ia Meostlsg, While Capi
tal and Labor Quarrel.
PORTLAND, Sept. 11. (To the Edi
tor.) It is logical to suppose that no
loyal American will do anything which
will help the Kaiser win the war.
Would it not bo well, therefore, to
enumerate some of the ways in which
the Kaiser is being helped by people
who call themselves loyal Americans?
Are not those helping the Kaiser who
advocate business as usual"? Business
as usual means the production and con
sumption of luxuries which require
man power and capital to produce, both
of which are sorely needed to the max
imum in winning the war.
It should be apparent that labor em
ployed in buildinsr musical instruments.
Jewelry and gewgaws cannot at the
same time be employed in producing
foodstuffs, manufacturing munitions or
building ships.
Every resource of the vast German
Empire Is mobilized and its labor is co
ordinated with the sole object of win
ning the war, and this explains why
Germany has been able to keep the
fighting outside of her own territory
and retain the offensive on every front.
Practically all the people of the vast
German Empire, since the outbreak of
the war. have been working for their
board and clothes, without thought of
profit with the sole object of winning
the war; yet here in America there is
a constant quarrel between capital and
labor as to which shall have the most
profit out of the war, and meantime the
cost of the war to America -for five
months has exceeded one-half of the
cost of the war to Germany for three
years.
The question up to the American peo
ple should not be one of profit for any
class or group, but one of sacrifice for
the whole people. At the present time
the war Is being carried on in America
on a basis of inflated values for every
thing, which makes It cost the Govern
ment more than double what it should
for carrying on the war. If this was
all paid out of current taxation it
would not be so serious, but as the
greater part will be paid by future
generations through bond Issues at this
time, the burden being imposed is fear
ful to contemplate. Before we are in
the war a year the interest on our
bonded Indebtedness will exceed $1 -000,000.000.
which is more than all the
revenues of the Government combined
ten years ago.
Every agency should be employed to
reduce the cost of living, to keep labor
contented and efficient and to keep
down the excessive cost of carrying on
the war. c. iL MUI-LEN.
In the interests of accuracy a further
statement is not amiss. The cost of
the war to America for five months
has not exceeded one-half of the cost
of the war to Germany for three years.
The Government estimates that dur
ing the 15 months of the war ending
June 30, 1918, it will be necessary to
spend about $19,000,000,000. This ex
penditure is not all for strictly war
purposes. Only $8,000,000,000 or $9
000,000.000 will be spent on the United
States Army and Navy proper. The
rest will be advanced to the allies or
invested in commercial enterprises, es
pecially merchant ships.
The war bill of Germany for three
years totaled about $24,000,000,000 and
the war is now costing that country
$750,000,000 a month. Sv th tim.
shall have expended our $8,000,000,000
ur 7.uuu.uuu.uuv, uermany will have ex
pended more than S31.00O.onn nnn
Comparisons, however, cannot be
strictly accurate, as we do net know
the sums advanced by Germany to her
aiiies. tn tne other hand, much of our
expenditures are for preparations such
as had been made by Germany on a
vast scale before the war started, cost
of which Is not included In the $31,000.
000,000 classed as German war expendi
tures. Tie War Bride's Protest.
Spare my husband. Uncle Sammy;
You don't need him very bad.
And you shouldn't take away
The only man a person had.
We've been married just a month no
And we haven't had a row;
Oh! 'twould be like taking candy
From a baby, anyhow.
He had rheumatism awful
Years ago, his mother said.
And his feet are flat as pumpkins.
And he's crippled in the head.
And his eyes are failing dreadful
Oh! I'm sure he couldn't see.
And supposing he was shot at.
How could he tell where to flee?
Now, you do not need him. Uncle;
You have millions Just as good
Just like one tree In the forest
Of a million-sere wood.
So while nations fall and waver.
Oh! I hope and pray for peace;
But meanwhile, now. Uncle Sammy,
Spare the husband of your niece.
KLVAC, PERRT.
Party of Sixty-five Wins.
London Answers.
The gaily painted pleasure steamer
was just putting off from Margate
pier when a stout gentleman came tear
ing along, flourishing his stick and
Bhouting excitedly:
"Stop! Put her back put her back!
There's a party between 60 and 70
wanting to go.
The captain, seeing that there were
very fsw passengers aboard, thought
it worti. while to put back.
The old gentleman thereupon stepped
on board and collapsed into the near
est deck chair and wiped his steam
ing brow.
The captain waited, his eyes scan
ning the pier.
"How long are they going to be?" he
asked. "Where is your party of 60
or 70?"
The heated gentleman looked up In
mild surprise.
"Oh," he said. "I'm the party. I'm
65 today, slt"
Marriage of Cousins.
INDEPENDENCE, Or.. Sept. 10. (To
tho Editor.) Kindly inform me if first
cousins caa be legally married in Brit
ish Columbia. Also, what states here.
APPRECIATIVE READER.
Marriage of first cousins is forbidden
In 16 states. They are Arizona, Arkan
sas. Illinois, Indiana. Kansas, Missouri,
Nevada, New Hampshire. North Da
kota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsyl
vania, South Dakota, Washington and
Wyoming. We cannot inform you as to
British Columbia.
Notice to Vacate.
PORTLAND, Sept. 11. (To the Edi
tor.) Kindly advise whether a tenant
is entitled to 30 days' notice to move
f f-m. a house in Portland according to
law. Can the tenant be compelled to
move where he has an unharvested gar
den on the premises?
A CONSTANT READER.
A tenant renting from month to
month can be compelled to move, on a
10-day notice, whether he has a garden
or not.
Information on Red Cress.
PORTLAND, Sept. 11. (To the Edi
tor.) Please tell me where I can get
full information about the 24 insti
tutes where the Red Cross is going to
train workers.
ONE WHO WANTS TO DO HER "BIT."
Communicate with Red Cross head
quarters, Corbett bide-., Pnrt1Tc. Or.
In Other Days.
Twenty-ave Years) Ago.
From The Oregonian of September 12. 1S92.
The committee appointed from the
different societies to take part in tho
cornerstone laying of the new St. Vin
cent's Hospital are requested to meet
at the Cathedral Tuesday evening to
complete all necessary arrangments.
Cincinnati John L. Sullivan and
party arrived today and stopped at tho
Burnett House. The ex-champion ia
described as "mutilated and maudlin."
His presence does not draw to many
admirers as when he Passed on his waV
South.
A visit to the Exposition building
shows a great advance In preparation.
over all former years.' Everything at
tempted is upon a more elaborate ecala
than ever before.
As Chief Detective Gritzmacher was
on his way home to dinner yesterday
noon he was obliged to run a short dis
tance to catch an electric car. In catch
ing one of the guards on the rear plat
form his right arm was wrenched out
of place at the shoulder.
The weather of late has been ver
close, smoky and disagreeable and is
likely to remain so until we have rain.
A good rainmaker could find a job
here now at a good salary.
Half m Century Ago.
From The Oreeonian of September 12. 1T.
As a team was passing over the
mountain to Tualatin Plains last Sun
day, a big panther sprang from the
Drusn and attacked a colt following
tne team. Tin driver ran to the rescue
of the colt and succeeded in driving the
ferocious beast away after a chase.
There was an alarm of fire yesterday,
occasioned by the burnine out of a.
chimney in Arrigonl's Hotel, but before
the engine companies, all of which, we
believe, were out in double quick time,
had arrived at the spot, the flames vert
extinguished.
Martin, the wizard, celebrated necro
mancer who six years ago gave such
a successful series of entertainments,
arrived by the steamer yesterday and
win exmoit in this city as soon as nec
essary arrangements can be made.
Many citizens residing In the south
ern end of the city are complaining of
tho neglect they art receiving from
those in authority in regard to tho
crossing of the deep gulch north of the
old penitentiary building. This por
tion of Front street has been impas3-.
able for several months.
New Tork The Times says pressure)
is strong for the removal of Seward,
from the Cabinet.
PLEA MADE FOR GOOD LAWSs
"Writer Urges Measures to Care fo
Families of Soldiers.
PORTLAND, Sept. 11. (To tho Edl
tor.) "I will make a road for you, take
care of my wife . nd children."
Such was the call when the Wlnkel
ried of Switzerland pressed the spear
heads into his breast and saved his
country from the subjugation of tho
"House of Hapsburg" in the early his
tory of those mountain folks.
"Take care of my wife and children!"
The last desire and request to g-is
countrymen; then he threw himself Into
the lances forming a large horseshoe
about the small group of Swiss war
riors, dying he pressed a number to tho
ground, giving a chance to step over
him through the opening at their an
tagonists. Powerful In the belief of In
dependence and liberty, satisfied to
know that his dearests are taken care
of, the tide In the affairs of men is
brought up to "flood," which leads on
to fortune.
And history repeats Itself, thousands
of husbands, fathers, sons and brothers
are called to the colors for tho fight
of liberation, and thousands of them
call to us "Take care of my wife and
children;" then they throw themselves
Into the battle line, in the hope that
the country for which they fight and
die, the country that called them to the
banner, will also do its duty towards
their very dearest whom they leave be
hind. This la my country, though by adop
tion, but I feel responsible for my coun
try as much as you; therefore I call
out to you, let our voices be heard
loud enough that only the very best
of laws are passed and enacted for
the protection of the family whoso
father has been or is to be buried or
crippled on the field of battle, and let
us use the motto, "All for me: one for
all." W. H. MILLER.
BIG ELEMENT IX LIVING COST
Ornate Containers for Neeesslrlee Are
Expensive and Useless.
PASCO, Wash.. Sept. 10. (To tho
Editor.) In an editorial Sunday you
have hit the cause of the "high cost of
living" fair on the head.
In olden days farm and factory sold
to wholesalers, who resold to retailers,
who delivered to consumers In quanti
ties desired. Now farm products are
the only articles that are not bedizened,
bespangled or beribboned in gaudy or
expensive containers and the buyer
must take, not tho amount he wants,
but the fancy package and pay for ex
pensive "flllamagree" that eventually
fill the garbage cans or clutter up the
house.
The package system is not objections
able, as It saves time in delivery, but
the ornamentation is an unnecessary
and useless expense to the consumer
and causes the wage earner to ape tho
rich, with the result that although his
wages are raised his nose is kept to
the grindstone by being compelled to
pay for fancy, useless containers of n
cessities.
Standardization of parts of machin
ery and kinds of containers will be of
untold benefit to farm, factory and con-
sumer.
The autocrats of Germany standard
ized her people for war, and if we de
throne tho Kaiser and standardized all
our necessities the war will not have
been in vain. W. P. GRAY.
Officers on Merchant Ships.
SILVERTON. Or., Sept. 10. (To" the
Editor.) We are quarreling about tho
crews of American steamships. Ono
says that the United States law re
quires on every steamboat carrying the
American flag a captain, a first pilot,
a second pilot and the mates. Tho
other says a captain and the mates, n
pilots. Who is right?
TWO READERS.
Vessels of more than 150 tons must
carry a master and pilot as well as
one mate. On those under 150 tons
the law requires that a first-class pilot
be carried. Vessels operating outside
must have a master and the number of
mates depends on the size of the ves
sel and the route on which she oper
ates. If her run between port of de
parture and port of arrival requires
her to be at sea In excess of 24'"hours,
she must carry at least two mates.
Etiquette of Calls.
ASTORIA. Or., Sept. 10. (To the Ed
itor.) (1) How soon 6hould one return
a formal call? Should one leave two
of the husband's and one of one's own
cards upon returning a first call? (3)
How many cards should one leave upon
following calls? A SUBSCRIBER.
(1) Within a fortnight.
(2) Two of your husband's and ono
of your own cards, If you are calling on
a married couple.
(3) One card for tho lady of the
household, and one for the other women
of the house if you are calling upon
trn.