13 '
THE 3IORXIXO OREGOXIAJf, FRIDAY, AUGUST 31, 191T.
(Eire t$$omm
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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, AUGUST 31, 1917.
THE HEALTH OF Ul'R SOLDIERS.
We are -bidding Godspeed to our
soldiers on their journey to the can
tonments in the Carolinas with a fuller
ense of security than we have ever
before known in wartime. We have
reasonable hope that they at least will
not be subjected to the perils of camp
disease such as previously have been
more fatal than bullets. Prophylactic
science has attained a high state of
development and the Army authorities
are omitting no precautions.
News that the Ked Cross is under
taking a fight against malaria in ad
vance of the arrival of the troops for
training in the South is good news,
therefore, to the folks at home. There
Is to be no repetition of Chickamauga.
It is proposed to create around the
cantonments a one-mile zone that shall
be absolutely free from the only spe
cies of mosquito guilty as a carrier of
malaria the anopheles, a field mos
quito which breeds in marshes, pools
and slow-moving streams.
The extent of our progress in recent
years will be made clear when it is
remembered that the French engi
neers who planned the Panama Canal
were forced to give up the job because
of the mosquitoes which transmitted
malaria and yellow fever. Now the
treatment of this situation has been
standardized. Malaria has been robbed
of its terrors. The soldier who obeys
orders as every good soldier will is
as safe from this malady as he would
be at home.
The plan of the Red Cross includes
draining. off all stagnant water, re
grading creeks to keep the water in
motion through unobstructed chan
nels, oiling the streams and pools of
the vicinity at frequent intervals and
conducting an educational campaign
among the neighbors of the camp.
This will be supplemented by a sys
tematic effort to cure all cases of ma
laria among the civil population and
to insure the screening of houses. The
South, as well as our soldiers, will
profit from the lesson learned.
Typhoid, which was a camp scourge
of the Civil and Spanish wars, has
been to all intents and purposes abol
ished. There are few cases of infec
tion and no fatalities. Extreme precau
tions are also being taken against the
spread of hookworm, with which some
of the Southern militiamen were found
to be afflicted. Thorough examina
tions are now being conducted with a
view of isolating all cases, and patients
who cannot be cured quickly will be
discharged and sent home. Prohibi
tion of the sale of Intoxicants to sol
diers is another health measure until
recently unknown.
With only the dangers of actual bat
tle confronting them, the men of our
armies have the best chance for their
lives that ever has been known.
f DEFINITE RECOMPENSE.
The real value of the mobilization
camps of our new Army as education
al institutions is only beginning to
be appreciated by their immediate
beneficiaries, the young soldiers who
are being trained in them. Whether
or not these men are called upon to
fight, the education they are receiv
ing will be an almost inestimable
benefit. This will not consist - of
"book learning" so much as in the
development of a new outlook, real
ization of the value of teamwork and
discipline, and knowledge that in sub
mitting to intelligent leadership one
does not thereby surrender any fun
damental rights. The New York
Globo prints a letter from a reader
who 13 now serving in one of the
camps in the East and who testifies
to tiie benefits he is receiving, in the
following words:
Regardless of the above, I am satisfied to
mo through with it. and. If fortunate enough
to return in such a condition which will en
able me to return to work, I wili start all
over again with a broader view of life, with
added experience which nothing but war
could teach, and. I believe, more Initiative
to grasp the fundamentals of business than
I would have possessed had 1 missed the
opportunity to go, with the power to com
mand instilled by physical training under
army regulations, and, last, the power to
lead. It may sound strange to you. but
strange things happen, and I am slowly
turning with the tide of events and I feel
sure that as this war will bring about a
better world it will make me a better man,
1. e.. If I am fortunate enough to survive it.
It is unnecessary to say that the
writer is patriotic, since his ready
acquiescence in the situation proves
that. He was a man who could have
claimed exemption, but did not do so.
But his comment is interesting as in
dicating that even from a selfish
viewpoint he is distinctly "ahead of
the game.' He is, as he says, im
proving his physical condition, in
creasing his power of initiative and
developing his ability as a leader. He
will be a better man for his experience
when he returns to civil life.
But the greatest benefit of all will
Te reaped by the aliens who do not
escape the draft. It is hard to con
ceive an educational process more
likely to turn out real Americans than
a, period of service with our new
Army. And this is distinctly worth
while. We do not know of any higher
service one can perform for a fellow
man in the present stage of the
world than by making a through-and-through
American of him.
Governor Withycombe has termi
nated appropriately the long period
of speculation over the successors of
State Circuit Judges Gantenbein and
Davis by appointment of George W.
Stapleton and E. V. Littlefield. There
will be general approval of both se
lections. Judgo Stapleton is de
scribed in a biographical sketch as a
"lawyer of the old school." We sup
pose the intimation is that he has old
fashioned ideals and practices and
that he will adhere to them on tho
bench. There will, certainly .be no
loss, if the recognized standards of
uprightness, impartiality and courage
are to be followed, and we think they
will be through Judge Stapleton.
Judge Littlefield is a lawyer of ex
cellent repute and has had experience
as a judge. It may well be believed
that his choice was made on his
merits, which are unquestionable.
Among the available men, the Gov
ernor could not have done better.
JUS CONSCIENCE.
No special sympathy need be wasted
on that former postmaster of a South
ern Oregon village who became a
martyr to his convictions and was
sent to prison for thirteen months.
He is opposed to war and to conscrip
tion and he was active in an endeavor
to prevent American citizens from en
listing or obeying the draft. He obeyed
the dictates of his conscience rather
than the law.
It is not necessary to argue the
academic question as to whether one's
conscience or the law should be his
supreme guide. It may be useful once
again to say that the mistaken body of
citizens who regard themselves as con
scientious objectors are not alone in
their opposition to war. There are
one hundred million citizens of the
United States who are against war.
But they can see no good to them
selves or the Nation in permitting the
Kaiser to overrun the earth, over
throw civilization, exalt frightfulness,
and subvert the liberties of free peo
ples everywhere. '
The objector must seize one horn
of the great dilemma. He must per
mit force to rule the world through
the Kaiser, or he must destroy the
Kaiser by meeting force with force.
It is a poor conscience which per
mits the Kaiser to have his way and
not law and humanity.
REPRISAL SCHEME KILLED.
The Oregohian has nowhere seen
an adequate reason for the proposal
for a special 5 per cent income tax
to be levied against the newspapers of
tlu country in the war revenue bill.
Tho publishers of America pay and
will pay without protest, or thought
of it. all the taxes levied or to be
levied on general industry. They ask
no favors; they expect no concessions.
But they could not submit to ruinous
discrimination against them through
the plan to penalize with a fine in
the guise of a tax all publishers for
the offense of printing newspapers.
How else may one look upon a scheme
to extort from the papers a tax which
no other business is called upon to
pay?
The Senate has finally stricken, out
the 5 per cent provision; but it was
only after vehement and persistent
demands of the publishers for fair
play, and a showing that some of
them at least could not survive the
burden. It is a fact, however, that
the special tax has been under con
sideration for many weeks and had
powerful support.'
The newspapers of America have
cheerfully and loyally done their bit,
and more, since the war began. They
have not only sought to stimulate and
organize the patriotism of the country-,
as was their duty, but they have
given millions of dollars' worth of
free publicity to the Government in
its money-raising and other cam
paigns. Vet there is a considerable
element in Congress which seems
somehow to resent the activities of
the newspapers in patriotic service,
and to desire reprisal against them.
The grand project of Congressional
revenge upon the newspapers is at
last happily dead. The country could
get along without some Congressmen,
and even without Congress, but not
without its newspapers. '
LIVESTOCK PROFITS.
It would seem that no plan for the
rehabilitation of our industries in the
future would offer much greater in
ducements of profit than the raising
of livestock. With beef on the Chi
cago market running away above $10
a hundred, and hogs touching the $20
mark, and with the demand for sheep
growing day by day, the fundamental
livestock supply of the country is be
ing depleted rapidly. It is a matter
of general information that Europe is
sacrificing meat animals at an un
precedented rate and that supplies of
feed will be at a low ebb for years to
come. The shortage of cattle alone in
Central Europe is now estimated at
26,000,000 head.
It would be possible, although not
probable, for the world to replenish
its supplies, of grain within a year
after the declaration of peace; but
this will not be true of livestock. Much
of the best breeding stock is being
slaughtered, and before Europe can
return to its old status it will be com
pelled to look to the United States for
new material for its herds and flocks.
Formerly we were importers of pure
bred animals; it looks as if the busi
ness would be reversed. The chief
supply of breeding stock is now in
America and Australasia and reliance
of the world upon these regions is
constantly increasing.
With this outlook, it will be good
business policy for the farmer, not
withstanding present high prices of
meat animals, to consider the future
in making his plans. Corn at $1.85
does not make for extensive feeding
of animals, if corn is to be relied on
as the chief element of the fattening
ration, as it used to be in the Middle
West, but there are more economical
feeding methods, with which every
modern livestock grower is familiar.
Mixed farming is one solution, for it
not only encourages systematic crop
rotation but preserves the fertility of
the soil in other ways. Keeping live
stock is one way to restore the run
down farm. Silos have solved the
problem of Winter feeding in many
communities. Pastures should be ex
tended. It is not the work of a day,
or even a year, but a plan to be out
lined for the years, and followed so
far as circumstances will permit.
An impelling argument in favor of
future livestock raising is the labor
question. There are no indications
that the farm-help situation will be
greatly relieved at an early date. It
is apparent, too, that the seasonal
nature of farm work has been a factor
in driving labor to camps and fac
tories. It will be increasingly neces
sary for our farmers to distribute their
work more evenly through the year.
Diversified farming will help do this,
and stockraising is a part of good
mixed farming. It is probably true,
also, that in proportion to labor ex
pended, livestock under present con
ditions will yield greater returns than
any other department of agriculture.
The future of livestock would seem
to be secure. The temptation to sell
too closely, even at high prices, should
be resisted. It will be at least a dec
ade before the world's meat supply
has been restored to its former level,
and while we are aiding in the restora
tion we shall be building up our farms
as well.
THE LOVE OF WORK.
It would be a curiously compensat
ing influence if the war should result
in restoration of prido in the product
of one's hands, even at common labor,
which the advent of modern machin
ery has done so much to destroy. In
the olden times, when making a
wagon, or a boot, or a clock was the
work of one man", a high feeling of
t personal responsibility was developed
.that could hardly be expected of a
man engaged day after day in feeding
an automatic device with material that
jturned out a single part. Work thus
(became mere drudgery, individuality
was lost and efficiency systems were
regarded with not unnatural suspicion.
But a new spirit is declared by a
writer in The New France to have
grown out of the employment of the
people in the munitions factories.
Tending a lathe, or making adjust
ments of a fuse, or any of the single
minor tasks connected with the manu
facture of arms and shells still par
takes of the monotonous nature of
ordinary factory work, but with one
important exception. There is a new
incentive. The sense of dependence
of others upon the excellence of the
workmanship has been borne in. It
is realized that a small fault of detail
may mean death tosome soldier at
the front. A fuse that causes a shell
j to explode half a second too soon may
kill compatriots instead of enemies,
may make a barrage fire nugatory,
and even in a critical moment endan
ger the success of a military enter
prise. A rifle that does not shoot true
may spare a foe to kill many of one's
own people. There is no part of a
process of manufacture that is not im
portant. The difference between ac
curate and careless work may be the
difference between life and death.
This new consciousness, says the
writer, has pervaded the ranks of all
workers. He takes the optimistic view
that it will have a lasting effect upon
industry, and will restore to labor its
spiritual value. The desire for high
wages and for better labor conditions
is not abated, but it is supplemented
by pride that makes work in any con
ditions far more tolerable. Numerous
instances are recorded to show how
the product of factories has been im
proved under the new order of things.
In one shop, where 844 women were
employed, only three defective adjust
ments were found out of 80,000 fuses
examined and only one fuse was dis
carded. The workers had brought
about this improvement themselves.
They had rules of their own for pen
alizing carelessness.
Credit is given to women in large
measure for the change. Women are
endowed with a faculty for close at
tention, the writer declares, and traces
it in the case of French women to
the qualities of the lacemaker be
queathed to her by her ancestors. In
any event, it is extending to other oc
cupations requiring precision, and men
are catching the spirit from their sis
ters. It may well be that the new
spirit will mark a turning point in
the attitude of the routine worker to
ward his work.
EXPAND EXPORT TRADE.
Although Congress will have about
completed legislation necessary to
prosecution of the war when it passes
the war revenue law, it should not
postpone to the regular session cer
tain other bills which are urgently
needed to meet emergencies growing
out of the war. Most important of
these are bills for the promotion of
foreign trade, which deal with three
subjects banking, shipping and com
bination among importers.
Foreign banking facilities for ex
porters have been provided by the last
amendment of the Federal reserve law
permitting National banks to become
joint owners of banks abroad and to
acquire interests in foreign banks as
well as to establish branches in for
eign countries. The Shipping Board
has been too busy with the shipbuild
ing programme to devote any time to
that revision of the shipping laws
which is essential to permanent re
vival of the American merchant ma
rine. The third subject, however, is
deal', with by the Webb bill, which
has twice passed the House but hangs
fire in the Senate.
That bill gives American exporters
in any line of trade the right to com
bine for promotion of export business
under supervision of the Federal
Trade Commission without becoming
subject to prosecution for violation of
the anti-trust laws. It gives only part
of the encouragement to foreign trade
which is given by Germany and other
nations of Europe. It is absolutely
necessary in order that American
merchants may be put on nearly even
terms with their competitors in other
markets and that they may not be at
a serious disadvantage in selling to
and buying from these competing na
tions. The trade which we have gained
during the war has been gained only
through the inability of our foreign
customers to buy where they have
been used to buy, and our exporters
have not permanently won their
present customers by adapting their
goods, methods of packing and system
of credit to prevailing customers.
Without the right to combine, these
changes cannot be made, and peace
would no sooner reopen foreign mar
kets to Germany than German mer
chants would recover their lost cus
tomers. German industry Is so organized
that in selling any one commodity,
such as copper or cotton, our mer
chants iust deal with all German
buyers as a unit, so that, while Amer
icans compete with each other, there
is no competition among those to
whom they sell. In selling also, the
Germans dealing in each commodity
act as a unit, while their American
customers are divided and competing.
By this means they have bought mil
lions of pounds of American copper
at 1 cent a pound less than Americans
pay, while they are forbidden to sell
potash, for example, abroad below the
price fixed for domestic business.
They are thus enabled to sell manu
factured products in foreign markets
where we compete with them at lower
prices than our exporters can make.
Similar combinations supported by
their governments exist in other Euro
pean countries, more of them are be
ing formed, and the several allied
countries have combined together to
buy and sell abroad. For example,
a British combine fixes the price of
coal for bunkering ships at Hampton
Roads at 6 to 7 cents per ton below
the domestic price.
Without the right to combine, our
merchants are as powerless as a mob
against a disciplined army. They
must pay tho other party's price for
what they buy and must accept the
other party's price for what they sell.
Tho result will bo that, when they
attempt to sell American copper or
cotton manufactures in South Amer
ica, they will be underbid by Germans
whose goods are made of raw mate
rial imported from America.
The Webb bill has been hung up in
the Senate by opposition from Sen
ator La Follette, but the supineness
of other Senators in submitting to his
dictation is inexplicable on other
grounds than moral cowardice, for the
majority is known to favor the bill.
The Wisconsin Senator's opposition
arises from his anti-corporation, anti
trust, anti-Wall-street mania, but it
actually benefits the big corporations
and excludes the small manufacturer
from foreign trade. Such concerns as
the Standard Oil Company and the
Steel Corporation can and do maintain
foreign selling organizations which
rank with those of whole nations, but
their small, independent competitors
can gain entrance to foreign markets
only by combination, which is for
bidden by the Sherman law but would
be permitted by the Webb bill. The
Trade Commission would see that
each trade combination was open to
all on equal terms and that its oper
ations did not extend to domestic
trade.
Peace will find large annual sums
due to the United States, for we have
already paid our foreign debts and
have become a creditor Nation. Debtor
nations will want to pay that debt
with goods and ocean freight, but we
shall want as much as possible in cash
to replenish our depleted supply of
capital and to pay our own heavy
war taxes. Other nations will want
to swamp us with goods and to estab
lish foreign credits in their favor by
regaining the trade we have captured.
Our best means of getting cash in
stead of goods will be to foster and
expand our export trade by such
means as the Webb bill would permit.
Trade combinations are the 42-inch
guns of commerce; we must combat
them with like weapons. Our present
methods are as ineffective against
them as bows and arrows.
The extent to which the German
government has organized the re
sources of the empire is nowhere bet
ter illustrated than in its efforts to
conserve tho supply of fats and to
increase it wherever possible. Much
has been done by the strict enforce
ment of laws governing the manufac
ture of soaps, and by the recovery
of oil from waste, but an important
new source has been found in fruit
kernels. At the outset, no process
was available that would crush these
kernels without spoiling the oil, but
one has now been perfected. Large
areas have also been sown with sun
flower, poppies and other oilseed
plants, and the extraction of oil from
weed seeds has also proved worth
while. Reduction of individual con
sumption of fat has been attended
with difficulties that would not be
encountered in some other countries,
because the diet of the people cus
tomarily included an exceptional pro
portion of this element, but this is
being accomplished by a drastic sys
tem ot Government control.
TVe kill 0,000 deer a year In the United
stales, producing ouuu tons or venison, sec
retary Houston says that with some care
this production may be fjreatly increased,
livery pound of venison produred saves a
pound of beef or mutton, and who wouldn't
rather have it? Syracuse Post-Standard.
There is also tho consideration that
there is a lot more of real pleasure in
killing a deer in the woods than
slaughtering a steer in the abbatoir.
It will not be hard to. increase the
number of purveyors of deer meat, if
Secretary Houston will only tell the
boys where to find it.
Judging by the comparative lack of
friction in transportation circles since
the railroads began to awake to the
situation, they are learning something
about organization that will be of
practical and permanent value to
them.
The decimal system in our coinage
is due for a shock. A 6-cent fare may
lead to the picayune and shilling or
"bit." Buying four smokes for a
quarter is an easy way to get accus
tomed. It is not surprising that fifty-six
Senators are in favor of a cloture rule,
after listening fo La Follette under
compulsion. The real wonder is that
the number is not greater than that.
The Pullman porter arrested while
carrying seventy-two quart bottles of
liquor belongs in a sideshow. Ordi
narily oni quart will provide all the
load a man can negotiate.
Fixing the price of wheat concerns
the minimum the grower shall re
ceive. The consumer is supposed to
stand anything and get the money
where he can.
The lot of the British shirker in
the United States is indeed hard.
There is not a place in the world to'
which, be can flee to escape duty.-
Increase in the toll of the German
submarines last week only emphasizes
our duty to hasten' our shipbuilding
programme.
Berlin is celebrating the "victory of
Tannenberg." References to "Verdun
will be carefully censored out of the
proceedings.
Pendleton has her own way of do
ing. Wanting D troop for the Round
up, she has raised the money for' ex
penses. Judge Wolverton is a patient man,
remarkably so, but the slackers are
getting the maximum sentence.
Oregon can respond to any call and
the appeal for a double crop of wheat
will get quick response.
The San Francisco car strike has
developed into a wearing-out contest.
That ram that sold for $1500 .at Salt
Lake-deserves to.be "f illumed."
Think of it! The dollar Mex. Is
worth almost six bits.
Where to Get Draft Information.
PORTLAND, Aug. 30. (To the Edi
tor.) How many men have been called
up for examination in Washington
County? Has the county's quota of 38
been filled? My serial number is 1262.
lu what order was it drawn.
H. E. EURDETTE.
Present queries regarding draft quota
and number to your local board, whlo"-.
alone has authority to give out information.
How to Keep Well.
By Dr. W. A. Etui.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of diseases. If matters of
general interest, will be answered in this
column. Where space will not permit or the
subject Is not suitable, letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
la inclosed. Dr. Evani will not make diag
nosis or prescribe for Individual diseases. Re
quests for such services cannot be answered.
(Copyright, 3916, by Dr. W. A. Evans,
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune. )
REFRIGERATORS.
Article Ao. 3.
IN my article on refrigerators on yes
terday I emphasized the necessity
for low temperature in the food cham
ber and for ice economy.
On a score card where 100 is allowed
for perfect conditions, a perfect tem
perature is given a score of 45 and
great ico economy one of 20. Of far
less importance are such items as hu
midity, circulation of air, interior fin
ish, drainage and exterior finish.
The air in the food chamber should
have a relative humidity of 55 to 65. If
the humidity is higher than that the
food will mold. If it is lower the food
will dry out. These are points of little
importance in household refrigerators;
they are of considerable importance in
hotel, market and other commercial es
tablishment refrigerators.
On my score card I have given per
fect humidity conditions a rating of 8.
If one has a hygrometer it is not diffi
cult to determine the relative humidity.
If one is without a hygrometer a rough
estimate of the relative humidity can
be made by placing a saucer of salt in
the food chamber.
On this score card perfect circulation
of air is given a rating of 7. In a re
frigerator the air, chilled by the ice,
falls to the bottom of the box. As it Is
heated, up it rises, reaches the ice and
again falls. If the insulation were
perfect all parts of tho interior would
be about the same temperature and
there would be little air circulation. On
the other hand, considerable circulation
of air means that the insulation Is poor.
When dealers talk about the strong
circulation of air in an icebox, it is
worth while remembering that the
cause Is poor insulation and that such a
refrigerator will be an ice eater.
An icebox with Just enough circula
tion will not impart the flavors of veg
etables to the milk and butter. The
warmer air from around the food flows
to the ice, where the moisture and the
odors are chilled out of it. It is for this
reason that iceboxes, as distinguished
from refrigerators, are so prone to im
part odors.
An icebox consists of an insulated
box with a cover on the top. Both food
and ice are placed in the box from the
top. Iceboxes maintain low tempe'
tures in the food chambers. They are
economical of ice. A $50 icebox will
keep a lower temperature and will eat
less ice than a $50 refrigerator of the
same storage capacity. But they are
not so easily cleaned, the humidity Is
generally too high and the circulation
of air is poor and they score low on
drainage and looks.
In refrigerators where the circulation
of air is poor, the inside of the walls
are prone to sweat. The amount of wall
sweating is a very rough gauge of the
air circulation.
X-Raya Effect Corn.
II. S. writes; "I have read with much
interest your replies to queries con
cerning tumor of the uterus. Do I un
derstand that simple fibroids can be
cured with X-ray treatments? If so,
please tell me where the treatments
can be secured. Is the treatment se
vere? 13 it tedious? I am in good health,
but my physician has discovered a
large fibroid. I wish to escape an op
eration in the future.
"At some time could you write an
article on this subject in your column?
My physician insists that I have mis
understood you and I wish him to read
what you have to say on this theme."
REPLY.
Fibroids are being cured by X-rays. For
this work high-power tubes are required. A
moderate number of physicians in each sec
tion of the country are equipped to give
these treatment!.
Probably Will Pass.
J. N. writes: "Will my weight be
sufficient to pass me through exam
ination in the draft I am 23 years of
age, height 5 feet 8 inches; weight,
130 pounds. I have well-developed
muscles; chest measurements. 35-37 1&
inches; waist measurement, 26 Inches.
I understand, of course, that your an
swer is not any final opinion and must
be taken with reserve, inasmuch as
same -may not be the same in the opin
ion of the examining doctor."
REPLY.
You are Just on the border line. You prob
ably will pass.
Faces Army Rejection.
Interested writes: "Will you please
answer the following questions in your
Q. and A. department?
"1. Is an operation for rupture con
sidered a dangerous one?
"2. Is a rupture on each side any
more serious to operate on?
"3. How long a time is required to
be entirely healed from sucb opera
tion? "4. In the war draft, considering
every other point perfect in physical
characteristics, excepting the rupture,
will the Government compe'l a man to
undergo an operation?"
REPLY,
1. Xot very.
2. Yes.
3. I know a man who has Just gone Into
the Navy. Two weeks after he was operated
on he left the hospital. Two weeks after
operation he was with his command.
4. No. The man will be rejected.
States Care for Epileptics.
Reader writes: "Is there a hospital
or resort for the treatment of epileptics.
If so, where?"
REPLY.
Several states have epileptic hospitals or
colonies. Those that have none care for their
epileptics in other state hospitals.
Another Rhubarb Victim.
WOODLAND. Wash.. Aug. 29. (To
the Editor.) I read an article in The
Oregonian in regard to cooking rhu
barb leaves for greens and am writing
this thinking it may prevent someone
from going through the experience
had last Spring.
I read in a magazine that rhubarb
leaves were good for greens and, being
very fond of greens, I cooked same,
with the result that I almost lost my
life from the poisoning and have not
been able to think of a rhubarb pie or
cobbler since without a shudder. It wr
of the common mammoth variety that
we always use for table use.
R. F. KRIESEL.'
TERMS OF SEW MILK REGULATION
Pasteurization ot Required When
Sale Is to Milk Product Factory.
PORTLAND, Aug. 30. (To the Edi
tor.) Judging from correspondence
coming to thi3 office, it would seem
that considerable misapprehension ex
ists among dairy farmers relative to
the requirements of the law passed by
the Legislative Assembly of 1917, which
requires the pasteurization of all milk
and cream sold to consumers and all by
products of creameries or cheese fac
tories if not produced from tuberculin
tested cows.
Would you, therefore, allow me to
place before your readers the exact
text of the law which -is known as
chapter 332. of the general laws of 1917,
section 2 of which reads as follows:
That from and after September 1. 1!17,
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm,
company corporation cr association, to sell
or offer or expose lor sale or exchange, for
human consumption, any milk from cons
that have not passed the tuberculin test,
unless such milk shall have been pasteurized
as hereinafter provided. It is understood
and hereby expressly stated that nothing in
this section shall apply to the delivery of
milk or cream to creameries, cheese or con
densed milk factories by the producer of
such milk or cream, or iu. bulk to the whole
sale trade.
It will be noted from the reading of
the above that this part of the law
does not apply in any way whatever
to any dairy farmer who is selling his
milk or cream to a condenser-, cream
ery, cheese factory, milk depot or any
manufacturing plant, but said con
Uensery, creamery, cheese factory, milk
depot or manufacturing plant are held
responsible for the process of pasteuri
zation. On the other hand. If dairy farmers
are making what Is known as "dairy
butter," or any other milk product, and
selling the same directly to consumers,
then and in that case they come under
the purview of this act.
Section 8 of the act makes provi
sions as follows: "Milk fro any cow
or cows whose owner or lessee shall
apply to the State Livestock Sanitary
Board to have such cow or cows tuber
culin tested shall be exempt from all
of the provisions of this act until such
time as such cows shall have been
tested." This application should be
made to Dr. W. 11. Lytle, State Veter
inarian, Salem, Or.
J. P. MICKLE,
Dairy and Food Commissioner.
POOR YIELD FROM POTATO EYES
War Gardener Teats Them In Same
Soil With Regular Plantings.
PORTLAND. Aug. 30. (To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonian recently I
noticed where you asked for results
in the planting of potato eyes. I
tested them by planting 10 rows al
ternately as follows: First a row of
small pieces with a single eye, then a
row of seed cut into fair-sized pieces,
with two eyes or more, all being tho
same variety of potatoes. Conditions
were the same in reeard to cultivation
and fertilization. Tho eyes produced
small potatoes and few in number: the
reerular seed produced better quality
and more tubers, and four times the
quantity by actual weight.
Hence the gardener with a small plot
of ground had better have bought good
seed than have had the eyes given to
him.
I also tested the much-advised plant
ing of sunflowers as poles for beans,
thereby raising two crops on tho same
land. It is a failure. The sunflowers
rob the beans, so that the bean crop
is almost a failure. However. I am
raising my second crop for this year
of pDtatoes on the same land.
The first crop I harvested in June
of good, marketable tubers. I then
planted the second crop after digging
up the soil in good shape (it being my
lawn) and the second crop is now past
the blooming stage and very fair pota
toes are set on the vines.
From my front lawn and the park
ings, 100 by 200 lots, I dug 15 sacks
the first crop. The lawn and parkings
are now in a fair way to make a good
crop for the second time this year. A
part in potatoes and a part in navy
beans.
On the parkings I raised two crops
of potatoes last year, both crops being
above the average yield. I am satis
fied that Oregon is a potato producing
state equal to any.
CHARLES MARSHALL.
45" BOY'S A K 1 ; RIGHT OX THE JOB
Officer of Clnb Tells What They Are
lluinK for Their Country.
PORTLAND. Aug. 30. (To the Edi
tor.) You ask "What has become of
the 45 Club?" Fully 100 are working
in and about the shipbuilding plants
here. Over 50 of our "boys" are going
to the hop fields to help the girls pick
hops. During the berry season and hop
season our "gatherings" are largely in
those places, though we do meet once
a month in the Library hall. We had
a half holiday, i. e., met in the Sum
mer only half as often as before.
Twenty-five or 30 of us have war
gardens, in size from one lot to a block,
the latter being usually in partnership,
two or three working together. Ten
of our men are drilling with the Span
ish War Veterans, home guards, and
twice as many with the Oregon Re
serves. Colonel Beebe's regiment. In
the charge we act as vanguard for the
cstfnpany.
Our next regular meeting will be in
the Library hall on Friday evening,
September 14. and after that every sec
ond and fourth Friday night, same
place. Come out and hear- us tell how
to catch the Kaiser.
Our motto: "We are with you."
S. D. M., Vice-President.
Love's Dream Dispelled.
By James Barton A damn.
Softly fell the silvery moonlight.
As a veil of shimmering beauty.
With its upper lacing buttoned
On the stars that gemmed the heavens.
Nightbtrds to their mates were calling,
Whippo'wills were cutting didoes
In the breezes' with their pinions.
And upon a cliff adjacent
To the spot a gray owl hooted
And imagined in its wisdom
That it really was singing,
There was music in the rippling
Of the waters of the river
As they swept around the boulders
In the picturesque old canyon.
Down the trail with measured paces.
As if going to a funeral.
Strolled a pair of Indian lovers
Hand in hand, their smoke-tanned faces
Draped in cloud of dark brown sorrow.
From the eyelids of the squawlet
Crystal tears were damply oozing.
Washing streaks as down they trickled
Through the paint upon her features.
In a voice with sighs all riddled
Till it seemed to come in tatters
He was telling her the pictures
They so joyfully had painted
On the canvas of the future
Now were growing dim and fading
As the glowing of the sunset
Fades beneath the night's dark shad
ows. This the last time they would wander
On the path along the river
'Neath the smiles of queenly Luna,
And her sighs swelled into blubbers
That developed into bawlings
As lie painfully proceeded
With the saddening explanation
That her mercenary daddy
Wanted seven dollars for her.
And the old guy wouldn't stand for
Half a buck down and the balance
In occasional installments.
Then he rolled a cigarita.
Scratched a match upon his breech
cloth. Blew some amoke through his probo
scis. And, with bosom clogged withsorrow,
Pigeontoed into the shadows. '
In Other Days.
From Tho Oregonian of August SI, 1SS7.
A party of ladies and gentlemen
from Salem has just returned from a
trip to Mount Hood and Mr. Garri
son, of the party, says the ladies. Miss
Fannie S. Case and Miss Mary Robin
son. both of Salem, exhibited great
courage and endurance. They are un
doubtedly the first white females who
ever stood on tho summit of ilounfi
Hood.
Tom Moffatt sent this office last
evening a liberal chunk of cave ice,
for which the boys unite in resolu
tions of thanks.
The Portland Academy and Female
Seminary and the public schools of this
city will commence their Fall terma
on Monday.
New York. Laura Keens sailed for
Europe today. Susan Anthony and
Elizabeth Stanton left today to advo
cate woman suffrage in Kansas.
Berlin. Minister Bancroft has been
treated with unexampled courtesy by
the Prussian court. Yesterday, by the
invitation of the King, he accompanied
Bismarck to the royal residence at
Pottsdam, where he was received with
unusual attention and had over three
hours' interview with the King and
Prime Minister. This evening Ban
croft dined with the King, who after
ward took him back to Berlin in the
royal coach.
Twenty-Five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of August 31. 1S92.
The opening day of he first annual
meeting of the North Pacific Trotting
Horse Breeders' Association was a suc
cess. That is tho opinion of tho 500
Portlanders who went over to Van
couver to witness the sport.
New York. The Board of Health Is
continuing its efforts to prevent the
cholera from entering the city or to
hold it in check iu case it should reach
here and lias decided to retain the
services of the Summer corps of physi
cians during September.
Astoria. The largest single cash
real estate deal ever transacted in the
state of Oregon was consummated to
day in this city. Judge Carey and
Fred Strong, of Portland, liaro been
working for the past three days for
Hon. C. W. Fulton on the transfer of
the property on the west side of
Young's Bay, known as Tansy Point
and comprising about 18,000 acres. The
price was $350,000. It was sold to
Messrs. E. L. Dwyer, P. J. Burke and
N. G. Reed, of Boston, and S. II. Brown,
Jr., of Marblehead, Mass.
Mayor Mason, with the Portland Fire
Commissioners, met rx-Chiefs Morgan.
Jordan and Buchtel Monday and a com
mittee of arrangements was appointed
for tho coming meeting of the Na
tional Association of h li e Chiefs, to bo
held here September 6.
The German Palatinate.
TWO RIVERS. Wash., Aug. 28. (To
the Editor.) In a recent article by Am
bassador Gerard, he mentions the Pal
atinate. Where is this province lo
cated? Is it German or is it mora
nearly kin to Swiss?
I believe tho Pennsylvania Germans
are mostly descended from immigrants
from the Palatinate.
I would like any information regard
ing this province that is at hand. I am
not situated so that I can consult a
library. IS. R.
The German Palatinate was formerly
an electorate consisting of the Lower
or Rhine Palatinate and the Upper Pal
atinate, whose capital was Amberg.
About 1620 these were separated, the
electoral vote passing to Bavaria, while
a new electorate was created later for
the Palatinate. In 1777 the two were re
united. In consequence of the treaties
of Luneville (1S01) and of Paris (1814
15) Bavaria retained tho Upper ral
atinate and a portion of the Lower
Palatinate west of the Rhine, while the
remainder of the Lower Palatinate was
divided among Baden, Hesse, Prussia,
etc. The Bavarian portions now form
the governmental districts of Palatin
ate and Upper Palatinate.
In the 16th century Calvinism was
made the established religion in the.
Palatinate and it became a refuge for
French Protestants. Succession of the
Neuberg line, whose members were of
the Catholic faith, to tho lower electo
rate in 1683 led to the emigration of
Protestant inhabitants numbering about
13,000 in 1709-10. Many came to North
Carolina. Pennsylvania and Virginia.
In 1710 between 3000 and 4000 "Pala
tines" settled in Columbia and Ulster
counties. New York, whence many re
moved to Montgomery and Herkimer
counties and to Pennsylvania.
Doe Nuisance Troubles.
PORTLAND. Aug. 30. (To the Edi
tor.) The writer has been a constant
reader of The Oregonian for over 40
years, and will thank you for the pub
lication of the following:
Christ suffered crucifixion only once,
while thi dog idolaters of Portland
crucify their unfortunate neighbors
almost every hour of the day and night.
Personally, I have suffered crucifixion
ten thousand times at the hands of dog
idolaters, so often, in fact, that I ques
tion whether the entire tribe of dog
worshipers are possessed of a heart,
conscience or any of the attributes we
associate with a rational human being.
No matter how tactfully you appeal
to one of their tribe, looking for soma
relief from the incessant yap, yap. yap,
of the mongrel cur that is a neighbor
hood nuisance, no relief is afforded-r ,
only black looks and abuse. The brain
of even a seml-clvilized man was never
intended to withstand such raucus, ear
spliting and brain-racking noise. Is
there any remedy for the victims of the
dog idolaters? If so, please mention,
them. A. J. MARTIN.
Hfflltnn Tlnllne SnlnrfeM.
TACOMA. Wash., Aug. 29. (To th
Editor.) To settle an argument, will
you be kind enough to give the number
of persons receiving a salary of $1,000.
000 per year? This applies to the
United States only.
SUBSCRIBER.
"We do not know of any. It was said,
some years ago that John Hays Ham
mond received that salary as a mining
expert, but the statement was wholly
unofficial. This answer refers to fixed
salaries, not income from business or
investment or profit sharing.
Just Slang: Phrase.
PHILOMATH, Or.. Aug. 29. (Tj the
Editor.) Kindly state whether "Ish.
Ka Bibble" is of German or Jewls
origin. If of neither of these from
what derived. What is literal trarlsw
tion? A SUBSCRIBER.
. It is East Side (New York) polyglot
for "I should worry."
Dealer In Waste Paper.
MORO, Or.. Aug. 20. (To the Editor.
Will you please publish again the ad- .
dress of a Portland firm handling
waste paper : m. &.
California Paper & Board Mills.
(Waste Paper Branch), 174 North Thir
teenth, street, Portland, Or.