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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 28, 1917)
Jjj ts lit att VOL. L.VII. NO. 17,711. PORTLAND, OREGON, I I i:sDAY. AUGUST 28, 1917. PRICE FIVE CENTS. GARY CHAMPIONS LABORER'S CAUSE Rights Must Be Re spected, He Insists. WEST INCREASES FIRST VISIT TO KAISER RELATED LUMBER FOR ARMY COSTS $2,000,000 NORTHWEST SUPPLIES BIG OR DER IN EIGHT WEEKS. GREECE OH VERGE OF BEING REPUBLIC BRYAN CALLS FOR KAISER'S DEFEAT MONTANA SETTLERS FLEE BEFORE FIRES YIELD OF WHEAT 20 PER CENT MORE ACREAGE IS GREAT MASS OF PEOPLE IS LOYAL, SAYS SPEAKER. DECLARED ASSURED. Or PROFIT-SHARING IS ENDORSED Capital's Plain Duty Set Forth by Steel Magnate. LABOR TROUBLES ARE CUT Employer of 275,000 Persons De clares Money Invested in Pro viding Proper Working: Con , : ditlons Pays Dividends. "Working people have rights that roust be respected and about the only way the great labor problem is going to be solved if it is going to be solved r Is for capital to recognize them." This is the way that Judge Elbert H. Gary, head of the United States Steel Corporation, with 275,000 employes and 1.100,000,000 in capital, sums up what probably is the most vital economic and industrial problem of the day. Judge and Mrs. Gary arrived In Port land yesterday after a tour of a few weeks in Alaska. They passed most of the day on the Columbia River High way, returning to the Benson late last night. They will be here until tonight. Theory taed in Business. Judge Gary's philosophy on the labor situation is more than an Idle platitude with him. It has been put into actual practice by the great corporation of which he Is the head and proved workable in every particular. In fact, students of the country's industrial de velopment of the last decade attribute a large measure of the steel company's remarkable success to the cordial re lations existing between the corpora tion itself and its employes'. "About 15 years ago." related Jnd Gary last night. In explaining the prin--j cipies or the co-operative system, "we saw that the modern way of doing business required mutual confidence between employers and employes. "So we put Into effect -a -plan that enabled our employes to buy shares of the corporation at a figure a little below the actual market value, allow ing them to pay for it In installments. They paid 5 per cent interest on the de ferred payments, but were allowed to draw the full dividends on the stock." Bonos Is Given, Toe. The steel executive laughed heartily as he contemplated the numerous em ployes who now are buying Steel com mon on the deferred payment system at 6 per cent and drawing dividends at the rate of 17 per cent, which is the rate now prevailing. Twelve per cent interest on money that hasn't ven been earned isn't so bad, he Ithlnks. Of the 275,000 men and women work ing for the corporation and its sub sidiaries, 60,000 now are stockholders. The number is growing constantly Employes' subscriptions are limited only by their wages, but many of them ere making additional purchases on the open market. "When a large percentage of our em ployes own stoc. in the company, w are pretty sure to have their good Will and co-operation," he continued. But in addition to the stock distribu tion, the company has inaugurated a profit-sharing system, by means ol which the employes, at the end of each year, are given a substantial bonus out of the company's surplus earnings. Employers Have Earned Money. We feel." he explained, "that our employes have helped us earn this extra money and that they are entitled to their share of It. We like to pay it to them. Naturally, they like to get It. We don't feel, nor do they feel, that we are giving them a present. We mu tually regard these bonuses as in creased wages, honestly earned." Another progressive step Inaugurated by the corporation under Judge Gary's direction Is the pension system, simi lar to that prevailing among many railroads and other Industrial institu tions. Aged and incapacitated em ployes -re automatically retired with a substantial income for the rest of their natural lives. Fully $12,000,000 now is in the pension fund. More recently a relief fund was estab lished. Men who are disabled in serv ice are paid regularly while away from their work. "But none of our men are required to pay a cent to any of these funds," asserted the steel chief. "They are all kept up by the company. Outlay Brings Returns. "Besides this we have expended mil lions in the last decade to install safety devices throughout our plants, to pro vide recreation centers for the men. to install baths and sanitary conveni ences. We find such- improvements al ways pay. It is surprising to learn how much difference it makes in the health of our men to supply them with pure, fresh water." Since the United States Steel Cor poration was formed wage increases have been granted with great fre quency. Three advances have been made since the first of the present year. "we find." says Judge Gary, "that decent treatment of our men pays. Not only does it pay in the satisfaction of knowing that we have helped our .(Continued on, fas 3, Column 1.) Assistant Secretary of Agriculture Finds Food Necessary for Allies W01 Be Produced. SPOKANE, Wash.. Aug. 27. (Special.) Experts from eight Western states reported at the Agricultural Depart ment conference today that the re quired Increase of Winter wheat acre age under the Government's war pro gramme could be furnished, according to Dr. R. A. Pearson. Assistant Secre tary of Agriculture, following the opening session. Opening the conference. Dr. Pearson declared the war "is not one of bullets alone." and stated the grain require ments for feeding the allied nations. The normal wheat crop of the United States, he declared, ran between 750, 000,000 and 800,000,000 bushels, having been cut down in 1916 to about 660, 000,000 bushels. Normal exports of wheat ran about 100,000,000 bushels an nually, but had run up to 330,000,000 In 1915, gradually being reduced since that time, being 240,000,000 In 1916. and promising to be 175,000.000 in 1917. "unless Mr., Hoover succeeds In a large way to decrease the consumption at home," Dr. Pearson said," our ex port next year will be even smaller." Summarizing the conference. Dr. Pearson said that weather conditions. with difficulties In getting seed wheat. presented the only obstacle, and that with rain In the Northwest the aver age increase of 20 per cent in Winter wheat sowing would be attained. WHISKY BULGES POCKETS Colored Man, Laden With Liquor, Is Arrested in Roseburg. EOSEBURG, Or., Aug. 27. (Special.) W. G. Wade, special officer for the Southern Pacific Company, thought he had captured a walking distillery when, early today, he picked up Edward Mil ler, colored, who was passing through the railroad yards with his pockets bulging with pint flasks of whisky. Miller says he found a suitcase con taining the liquor where it had been thrown from a Southern Pacific train. Eight bottles of the whisky had been broken. The Sheriff says Miller's story is probably correct. PORTLAND BIRTHS LESS First Seven Months of 1917 Show '.Total of 1971 Babies Born. . The stork must labor more persist ently during the next five months than he has in the last seven If he would equal his record of 1916 in Portland, according to figures compiled yester day for the first seven months of the year. The total births since January 1 are 1971, which would mean 337S births for the year. If the next six months averages the same as the first six. In 1916 there were 4013 births, in 1915 4127, in 1914 4046, in 1913 3984, in 1912 4018, in 1911 3711. in 1910 3324. AIRPLANE COST CUT HALF Government Soon to Get Machines for Tbird Normal Price. WASHINGTON. Aug. 27. Manufac ture of aircraft in great numbers un der the aircraft production board, it was learned today, has reduced the cost of airplanes cne-half, with the probability that the cost price to the Government eventually will be about one-third of the normal cost. In addition. It was announced au thoritatively that satisfactory progress was being made with actual construc tion, insuring a continuous suppiy and prompt delivery. TESTAMENTS ARE ORDERED Y. M. C. A. Wants Million Books for Soldiers and Sailors. NEW YORK, Aug. 23. An order for 1,000.000 khaki pocket testaments for American soldiers and sailors has been placed by the National war work coun cil of the Y. M. C A. with the Amer ican Bible Society, it was announced today. President James Wood, of the Bible Society, said the books will be fur nished without cost and the money for printing them will be raised by popular subscription. BREAD RATION EXTENDED Holland Limits Consumption Be cause of Increasing Scarcity. THE HAGUE. Aug. 27. The Dutch Minister of Agriculture has decided that the bread ration of 2800 grams per head must suffice for 11 days after September 2. When bread tickets were first issued seven days was the period for this ration; later it was extended to nine days, but the Increasing scarcity neces sitates a further reduction in the con sumption. BEEVES SELL FOR $16.30 New Sigh Mark for Cattle on Hoof Set at Chicago Yards. CHICAGO. Alter. 27. riinlM hva sold today at the Union Stockyards at 116. 3D, a new high-price record for cattle on the hoof. The new figure was 80 cent hlirhxr than the record price established last week. Gerard Recalls Presen tation at Court. "EMPEROR EVERY INCH KING" Reception of New Ambassador Made Great Ceremony. GLASS COACHES ARE SENT viotned in Black Uniform of Death's Head Hussars, Head German Empire Receives America's Representative. BT JAMES W. GERARD. American Ambassador to the German Im penal court. July 28, 1013. to February 4. 1917. (Copyright. 1017. by the Public meager company.) The second day out on the Imperator, headed for a Summer's vacation, a loud Knocking woke me at 7 A. M. The radio, handed in from a friend In New York, told me of my appointment as Ambassador to Germany. Many friends were on the ship, Henry Morgenthau, later Ambassador to Tur key; Colonel George Harvey, Adolph Ochs and Louis Wiley, of the New York Times; Clarence Mackay and others. The Imperator is a marvelous ship of 54,000 tons or more, and at times is hard to believe that one is on the sea. In addition to the regular dining saloon there is a grillroom and Ritz restauraut with its palm garden, and, of course. Hungarian band. There Is also a gymnasium and swimming pool, and. nightly. In the enormous ballroom, dances are given, the women dressing in their best Just as they do on shore. Gerard Learns Germ a a Speech. Colonel Harvey and Clarence Mackay gave me a dinner of 24 covers, some thing of a record at sea. For long afterwards In Germany pictures of the Imperator, including one of the tables set for this dinner, I saw everywhere. These were sent out over Germany as sort of propaganda ta induce the "Germans 'to patronize their own ships and indulge in ocean travel. I wish that the propaganda had been earlier and more successful, because' it Is by travel that peoples learn to know each other, and, consequently, to abstain from war. On the night of the usual ship con cert Henry Morgenthau translated a little speech for me into German, which I managed to get through after pain fully learning it by heart. Now that I have a better knowledge of German a cold sweat breaks out when I think of the awful German accent with which I delivered that address. Instructions Given Ambassador. A flying trip to Berlin early In August to look into the house question (Concluded on Page 2. Column 3 ) PRACTICAL Material for American Lake and Dcs Moines Cantonments Rushed by Oregon-Washington Mills. TACOMA, Wash., Aug. 27. (Special.) From July l to the present time ap proximately 1800 carloads of lumber have been furnished by mills of Wash ington and Oregon at a cost of about 31,200,000 for the construction of the Army cantonments at Camp Lewis, American Lake, and at Des Moines, la. Included in these figures also are 50, 000 window sashes and 12,000 doors. For Camp Lewis alone about 1200 carloads. 35,000,000 feet, have been placed, about all that will be required. The orders went to 100 mills. The work of supplying such a great quantity of lumber on such short no tice necessitated many shortcuts and every means possible were taken to get the lumber through on time. On one occasion representatives of 63 mills were present and no orders were given to those who could not promise ship ment within a week. After 6,000,000 feet of lumber was ordered for Des Moines a trainload of 87 cars left Port land and another of 27 cars left Ho quiam. Wash., within five days after the committee gave the word. Every sash and door factory in the two states was pushed to get out the necessary equipment and to meet conditions six carloads of glass were ordered by wire from Pittsburg, Pa. CLASS OF '18 GRADUATED West Point Tarns Out Third Set of Officers for XT. S. Army. WEST POINT, N. Y., Aug. 27. One hundred and fifty-two cadets of the class of 1918 will be graduated at the military academy Thursday morning. This is the second time within five months that West Point has sent out a cless of newly made officers for the Army. The class of 1917 was graduated in April last. 80-YEAR PENALTY IMPOSED Mexicans, Captured by Pershing, Imprisoned for Part in Raid. DEMING. N. M.. Aug. 27. Seventeen Mexicans, captured by General Persh ing's punitive expedition in Mexico last year and accused of participation in the Villa raid on Columbus. N. M., pleaded guilty to eecond degree mur der before District Judge R. R. Ryan here today and were sentenced to serve from 17 to 80 yars in the New Mexico penitentiary. FRENCH WILL GIVE FLAGS Ten American Regiments to Have Colors Presented to Them. WASHINGTON, Aug. 27. Ten Ameri can regiments will carry in France flags presented by descendants of French officers who fought In the American war of Independence. Ambassador Jusserand today trans mitted this offer to the Secretary of War, who said It would be accepted gladly. ASSISTANCE FOR THE CONFUSED Parliament Puts Mon archy on Trial. KING WILL GO IF HE FAILS Chamber of Deputies Cheers Premier's Statement. UNITED STATES IS MODEL Grecian Deputies Told of Republi can Institutions in America by Delegate, Who Speaks for Similar Government. ATHENS. Aug. 25. (Delayed.) The possibility and opportunities of estab lishing a Greek republic were dis cussed In the Chamber of Deputies to day. M. Venizelos declared that Par liament did not consider that the time had arrived fo-' a republic, but believed it its duty to give the monarchy an other trial. M. Venizelos said he had often told the former King Constantino that the nations of the world were gradually approaching the idea of abolishing the institution of kingship, and it depended upon the existing kings themselves to hasten or postpone this inevitable con summation. Unfortunately, Constan tine's policy had been such as to deal a mortal blow to the idea of a mon archy, and many Greeks who formerly opposed a republic now admitted its advisability in principle, though they considered it still premature. One More Trial to Be Given. "The government, nevertheless," con tinued the Premier, "is of the opinion that it is our duty to give the mon archy another trial. This, of course. Is a final trial, but I am sure that the Greek people and the coming constitu ent assembly will be disposed to ren der possible the continuation of our present system of democracy presided over by a King." This statement was received with prolonged applause, as 'clearldefintng the government's position on the re cent growing tendency toward a re public. American Institutions Impress. The Premier's statement was brought out by the speech George Cafantaris, chairman of the delegation which re cently visited America. who said he was deeply impressed with what he had observed of republican institutions in the United States. He closed with a strong expression in favor of the es tabllshment of a Greek republic M. Boussios, opposition member. raised a tumult when he declared that King Constantino never abdicated, bu had been dismissed by the entente powers, as proved by the fact that the act of abdication had not been present- (Concluded on Page 3, Column 2.) TRAVELER. " There Can Be hut One End to the War, and That Is the Overthrow of Germany," Audience Hears. CHICAGO. Aug. 27. William Jen nings Bryan said today that In travel ing about the country he has found that the desire to support the Gov ernment in the war is almost univer sal. Mr. Bryan came to Chicago to deliver a Chautauqua address. "The reason why a different im pression may be gained," the Nebras- kan added, "is that the newspapers publish the exception rather than the rule. For instance, a dispatch may re port an unpatriotic utterance by man in some town, but nothing is said about nine hundred and ninety-nine others who are patriotic. "Of course, it is the duty of the pa pers to call attention to unpatriotic utterances that those guilty may be punished, but the fact that they do not give the number of the patriotic may lead to a false impression as to public utterances. I find the desire to support the Government practically universal. "There can be but one end to the war, and that Is the overthrow .of Ger many." WIFE-MURDERER IS HUNTED Newspapers Will Be Used in Effort to Locate Escaped Convict. SALEM, Or, Aug. 27. Determined to catch Jan W. Massing, Portland wife murderer who recently escaped from the penitentiary, newspapers and other mediums will be plastered with adver tisements and descriptions of the es caped convict. This was announced at the penitentiary today. Hassing is a life-termer, said to have a hereditary taint of insanity. Fear ing that he may do harm, no stone will be left unturned to recapture him. . He escaped early last week, but no satis factory clue as to his whereabouts has been detected. SENTRY ROUTS SKULKERS Cheyenne Reservoir Guard and Men Exchange Shots. CHEYENNE. Wyo., Aug. 27. City authorities searched today for three men who last night engaged a soldier guarding the city water reservoir in a rifle skirmish. Approximately 15 shots were exchanged The men escaped. The reservoir also supplies water to ort D. A. Russell and is situated about five miles from the city. Between 11 and 11:30 o'clock a sentry on duty saw figures moving toward the reservoir. A call to half brought a rifle shot and several shots were ex changed. SALMON RUN INCREASING Seven Canneries Handle More Than Million Fish in Two Days. BELLINGHAM. Wash., Aug. 27. The run of humpback salmon, which al ways follows the sockeye run. is In creasing daily in Sound waters. Seven canneries located here and on Lumml and Shaw Islands handled more than a million fish yesterday and todav One cannery tonight had 102,000 fish on Its floors. Cannerymen hold that the humpback run will aid materially in making up for the shortage of sockeye. Both are pink fish, the humpback being the lighter shade. INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS The Weather. iimchuais .Maximum temperature. 84 tvvax b Fair and cooler; moderate west- War. Austrian yield to Italian attacks. Pare 2. Foreign. Ex-Ambassador Gerard tells of presentation at German court. Pago 1. Greece on verge of forming republic; mon- . i vuo uig inai. . ago l. National. Treasury officials to Investigate gold ex ports. Pago 2. Total bond issues of 21,000.000,000 to be .aDnc l. wi uijreBs. rage o. All exports are licensed. Page 4. America's aid is ottered to .Russia, Page 2, Domestic. raacjuiuan announces discovery of two IBl&nus ana enormous glacier. Page S. Bryan. says people are loyal and calls for overthrow of Germany as way to end war Pago 1. J. R. Bowles appeals to Senator McNarv to ascertain why Portland fails to get steel ship contracts. Page 6. Sports. Beavers fatten batting averages off Seal pitchers. Page 6. Women's Western golf championship plaj opens at Chicago. Page 0. Pacific Northwest. West will raise more wheat to feed allies. Page 1. Northwest supplies Army $1,200,000 worth of lumber In eight weeks. Page 1. Pacific Northwest towns threatened by fire. Page 4. Oregon is asked for 85.000 books for Army cantonments. Page 10. "Motor car train" reaches Klamath Falls on schedule time. Page 6. Commercial and Marine. Shipbuilding and work in auxiliary lines to be speeded. Page 12. Bears show aggressiveness In stock mar ket. Page 15. Corn prices rally strongly at Chicago. Page 15. Hogs go up again, but market as whole la steady. Page 15. Portland and Vicinity. Fires drive away settlers, threaten town. Page 1. Mr.nagerle, marvels of air and Cinderella delight circus crowd. Pago 10. List of certifications to first call quota pub lished. Page 11. Judge Gary says capital must recognize labor's rights. Page 1. Union steel workers will discuss wages In secret mass meeting. Page 12. Weather report, data and forecast. Page 15, WashingtonTowns Are Menaced by Flames. LOGGING CAMPS ARE RAVAGED Astoria Accuses Finn Rancher, of Setting Blaze in Woods. CYCLE PATROLS SENT OUT Inman-Poulsen Company Threat' ened by Fire That Escapes From Control and New Blaze Is ,. Found Xear Kamela. : Forest fires were threatening Wash- ington towns and sweeping through the woods of Montana at a tremendous rate, driving homesteaders and crews of fighters before them, according to reports that reached the outside yester day from the fire-Infested districts. Wind that suddenly came up the night before and threatened to fan 100 Montana fires into Dlaz.ng fury proved not to be general and .summer resorts probably will ba saved. Settlers in many districts, however, were driven from their homes by the onrushing flames. lone Is Reasonably Safe. lone. Wash., which the nitrht before seemed to be on the verge of destruc tion, yesterday was reported reasonably safe unless a hitch wind arose and drove the fires across the river onto the town. Bayvlew, however, was in the path of thb fires and crews were working diligently to save the town. More men were called to fight the flames. Crews were helpless yesterday before fires that swenr thrmiirh th a hniriimn of the West Side Logging Company in Eastern Lewis Countv. Wnshlno-t and burned several sections. The Gov ernor may be asked to postpone the opening or the huntincr season as . result of th fires. ' Mills Are Ravaged. mill had a narrow escape from fire, while a dancerons hi a to (a v,nr,i ill the holdings of the Inman-Poulson company. This latter blaze is believed to be incendiarv becausn nr tan that it started in the deserted sections or me company's property. It is en dangering cut logs. Lewlston, Idaho, reported that tv. fire threatening the Summer ,. Lake Waha had been checked and other- Diazes were Delieved to be under con trol unless a high wind developed. in Astoria yesterday the flrnr nrr was made on a charge of starting for est fires. A Finn ranrhp. woo v, i . because It Is alleged that he said he would clear a road through the woods and would set fires until he aehlpvori his purpose. A small blaze had been started. Most of the fires in Clatsop County are out; a pipeline run to the fire in one of the logging camps diil effective work. Fire Near Kamela Worse. No sooner was thn sprlnn. -1. Iv fl m e 1 a. subduerl vnnf.rfiav other broke out In Ladd Canyon, where uu acres or the choice timber last night were reported afire. "Volunteers were rushed into the woods. Baker reported that tlia fin. i Minam forest were under control, but the one on Mount Marian was still dan gerous and about 800 acres had been burned over. and were immediately sent into the woods. A grain field was threatened by a fire started by a cigar stub. Fires on Deer, Baker and Mill creeks are se rious. Mayor Leads Fire Crew. ' The Mayor of Dallas led a crew of 52 business men into the woods to fight' fire that was raging in the woods near the source of the city's water supply. Ellendale also sent business men against a fire started by campers. Both were checked. The fire near Berlin was spreading yesterday and damaging much timber. Eight more lookouts were estab lished near Bend and auto patrols were sent out from Marshfleld. Pine Moun tain was afire, a dangerous blazo beins reported on its slopes. Loggers at the Newton Creek Lod ging Company's holdings, near St. Helens, were chased out of their homes by fire which swept htrough the prop erty and which called out the fire ap paratus of St. Helens. The burning trees lit the country for miles. Tres tles and tracks were In danger. Soldiers also reached Roseburg yes terday, where the fires are nearly all under control. Situation Xet Serious. There are now two uncontrolled fire3 In the timber of Southern Oregon, in the Siskiyou Mountains, according to information reportei to the Portland headquarters of the United States For estry Service yesterday.. The situation is menacing all over the Northwest, according to reports, largely because of the continued dry weather. New fires have broken out at various points In Northern Wash ington, near the Canadian line. The work of fighting fires in this district is costing the Government for- tCum.iuueJ uu I'age 7, Column 1.) f