Morning Oregonian., August 27, 1917, Page 3, Image 3

THE MORNING OREGONIAX. MONDAY. AUGUST 27, 1917.
3
RUSSIA'S DANGER IS
BARED BY PREMIER
National Conference Is Told
of Grave Situation and
Foes Are Warned.
PITILESS POLICY ADOPTED
Repressive Measures of Czar 'Will
Be Surpassed In Dealing With
Any Faction Seeking Advan
tage, Says Kerensky.
(Continued from First Pae.
speaking- of the dangers from, the ex
treme left, he declared.
"All attempts with armed force
against the people's power will be
crushed with blood and iron."
Still more applause greeted him,
when, hinting at a counter revolution
cry military conspiracy, he exclaimed:
"Let them be warned who-think the
time has come when, relying on the
layonet, they can overthrow the revo
lution. The audience arose and
cheered the ex-Premier for five min
utes. Premier Kerensky rebuked the Fin
landers and other seceding nationali
ties, his words evoking enthusiasm, and
there was a menacing note in his voice
when he declared that their preten
sions threatened the success of the
revolution. The Premier's speech In
dicated that the government expects
further attacks tomorrow by the mili
tary Duma and the Moscow deputies,
which he denounced in advance.
Foei of Government Warned.
"Those who think the moment has
come to overthrow the revolutionary
power with bayonets are making a
mistake," said M. Kerensky. "Let them
take care, for our authority is sup
ported by the boundless confidence of
the people and by millions of soldiers
who are defending us against German
Invasion.
"The provisional government is con
vinced that all of you who have com
here will forget everything except your
duty toward your country and the
revolution. The government believes
it can tell the truth, not only to our
friends, but also to our enemies those
who are destroying our troops and
those among us who are waiting for
the moment when they may be able
raise their heads and pounce upon the
free Russian people.
"I say again that I will hide nothing
from you, for we have come together
for the first time to speak to you
frankly, to tell you of the unbearable,
the immense responsibility which we
are bearing, despite all the blows we
are receiving.
"Citizens, the state is passing through
a period of mortal danger. I need not
say that, for you all understand. You
see it, for each of you experiences it
in a different way. You all know the
task incumbent upon you, for the
struggle against a powerful. Implacable
and organized enemy demands great
sacrifices, self-denial, deep love of our
country and the forgetting of domestic
quarrels. Unfortunately, not all who
are able are willing to offer all this
on the altar of their country, ruined
by war, and they thus render the criti
cal situation of our country more seri
ous every day.
Troop Treachery Recalled.
"In our political life this process of
disorganization is worse, even causing
certain nationalities living in Russia
to seek their salvation, not in close
union with the mother country, but la
separatist aspirations. On top of all
this came the shameful events at the
front, when Russian troops, forgetting
their duty to their country, gave way
without resistance to pressure of the
enemy and thus forged for their people
fresh chains of despotism.
Patience Declared Limited.
"We fell bo low because we could not
free ourselves from the fatal inheri
tance of the old regime that we hated
Tout obeyed because we feared it. There
fore, now, when power rests on liberty,
not on bayonets, we are transported
with delight, although there is some
hereditary distrust of this new power.
"Those who once trembled before
the government of autocrats now bold
ly march against the government with
arms in hand. But let them remem
ber that our patience has Its limits,
and that those who go beyond them
will have to settle with a government
which will make them remember the
time of czarlsm. We shall be Impla
cable, because we are convinced that
supreme power alone can assure the
salvation. of the country. That is why
I shall oppose energetically all at
tempts to take advantage of Russia's
national misfortunes, and whatever
ultimatum is presented I shall subject
It to the supreme power and to my
self. Its head."
The pr ier declared that the de
structive period of revolution had
passed and that the time had come to
consolidate the conquests of the revo
lution. Sacrifice Pat Up to People.
"For this reason," he continued, "we
ask you, citizens, whether you feel
within your hearts the indispensable
sacrifice for the attainment of this ob
ject, whether you represent here in
Moscow the natural strength which is
to assure the prosperity of the country.
Or will you give the world and us an
other .picture of decadence?
"A little time ago we indignantly
replied to a proposal to conclude a
separate peace. A few days ago we
witnessed another attempt, equally
base, directed against our allies. The
latter rejected it with equal Indigna
tion, and in the name of the great
Russian people I say to our allies that
It was the only reply we expected of
them."
At this point the delegates arose and
cheered loudly for the entente allies.
The Premier then paid a tribute to
the Rumanians, saying that if they
were forced temporarily to abandon
their country they would find hospital
ity in Russia.
Notwithstanding the none too friend
ly attitude toward the mother country
of certain nationalities of the Russian
state, M. Kerensky continued, the Rus
sian democracy would give them all
it promised through the provisional
government and all that the constitu
ent assembly might yet decide to grant,
but when the limit of tolerance was
passed or where there was a desire to
take advantage of the Nation's diffi
culties to violate the free will of Rus
sia, they would cry "hands off." The
Premier said the Government would
prevent by force reopening of the dis
solved diet in Finland and that he
hoped the country would approve this
decision. His statement was cheered.
Sacrifice Are Demanded.
"The Government will endeavor," the
Premier went on, "to protect the Army
Against the subversive influences
which deprived soldiers of all sense of
military duty, and will Btruggle ener
getically against the Maximalists and
against all attempts by them to cor
rupt discipline."
The Premier said his colleagues
would describe the widespread dis
order in the country, adding:
"To remedy this we must make all
sacrifices, abandoning our personal
and party interests."
M. Avskentieff. Minister of the In
terior, and M. Prokopovitch, Minister of
Trade and Industry, followed M. Ker
ensky. The Minister of the Interior
described the task of organizing the
provinces; the Minister of Trade and
Industry told of the cost to Russia of
the war.
The first year of the war, said M.
Prokopovitch, cost Russia 5,300,000,000
rubles; the second year 11.200,000,000
rubles; the third year already 18,000,
000,000 rubles, while the total revenue
for 1913 was 16,000,000,000.
Food Situation Difficult.
Regarding the question of food, he
said the country's position was ex
tremely difficult; there was actual
scarcity in several provinces and a
minimum in Petrograd and Moscow.
He was endeavoring to nurse such
industries as remained, and he consid
ered it necessary to control the profits
of manufacturers to prevent them
from becoming rich at the expense of
the populace.
Vice-Premier Nekrasoff told the con
ference how expenses had increased
during the war. He said that in 1914
about 219,000,000 rubles of paper cur
rency had been put in circulation, 223,
000,000 in 1915 and 290,000,000 in 1916;
that in the first two months of 1917
there had been issued 846,000,000 and
from March onward the issue averaged
832.000,000 rubles monthly.
The budget, said M. Nekrasoff, was in
a profoundly abnormal condition be
cause it has placed on one side the
cost of the war and thus, in effect.
there were two budgets, one giving a
false impression of prosperity and the
other concealing the germs of financial
catastrophe.
The Vice-Premier admitted that the
new regime was costing the country
much more than the old and that the
new administrative bodies were ab
sorbing enormous sums. He said the
financial difficulties were largely due
to the extraordinary increase in the
pay of the workers and instanced the
Putlloff factory, the workers of which
alone had been paid this year 90.000,000
rubles. Another source of difficulty
was the small amount of revenue from
taxation, excise charges and other
sources. Direct taxation, the Vice
Premier added, could not keep pace
with the state's expenses and indirect
taxation was becoming a necessity.
, Private Lands Safe.
Continuing, M. Nekrasoff enumerated
a series of measures which would
strengthen the financial position of the
country, including various monopolies,
especially of sugar, tea and matches.
He emphatically denied reports that
the government was contemplating
confiscation of private possessions of
landed property. It would never, he
said, embark on such a dangerous ad
venture, believing firmly that the citi
zens of the country would do their
duty.
The conference was adjourned to
Monday.
The scene in the ancient capital on
the assembling of the conference was
a gay one, particularly in the neigh
borhood of the Grand Opera, where the
sessions are being held. The square in
front of the opera house w.as densely
crowded with holiday makers who
were calm and peaceable. In view of
alarmist rumors of impending riotous
demonstrations precautions were taken
by the military Governor of Moscow.
Detachments of cavalry surrounded the
opera house, all of whose doors were
guarded closely.
The interior of the opera house is
decorated elaborately. The foot bridge
connecting the auditorium with the
stage is hung with festoons of revolu
tionary red.
Notwithstanding the efforts of the
Mayor and various prominent organi
zations, the Maximalists succeeded
rartly in their plans for a local strike
as a protest against the conference
which they consider bourgeois and
counter-revolutionary. Many work
shops and factories were idle today.
Street cars were not running and ho
tels and restaurants were closed. The
Maximalists are continuing their ef
forts to make the strike general, but
without much success thus far.
BEET SUGAR PRICE FIXED
SAVING OF 30,0OO,0OO TO BE MADE
IX SIX MONTHS.
United States Producers Unite to Ef
fect Redaction of One-Half Cent
a Pound In Domestic Product.
WASHINGTON. Aug. 26. An agree
ment by the country's beet sugar pro
ducers to limit the prices of their prod
uct so as to effect a reduction of about
one-half cent a pound in the present
prices or sugar was announced tonight
by the food administration, with a no
tice to the public that this should
mean a saving of $30,000,000 between
now and the first of next year.
It was announced that wholesale
grocers had agreed to limit distribution
charges to prevent exorbitant charges.
In the near future the administration
will state the price at which wholesale
sugar should be delivered at large con
suming centers. The beet sugar price
fixed is the equivalent of $7.25, cane
sugar basis, f. o. b. seaport refining
ports.
"In response to a request from the
food administration," said the adminis
tration statement, "representatives of
80 per cent of the domestic beet sugar
industry of the United Staes have been
in conference wih the food administra
tion in Washington during the past
week. As a result of this conference
these beet sugar producers reach the
agreement to limit their price to a
basis that will make possible the $30,
000.000 saving to the public.
"The representatives of these pro
ducers have pledged themselves to se
cure the active co-operation of the other
20 per cent of the beet industry and
have every reason to believe that the
action of the industry will be unani
mous. "This patriotic action of the domestic
beet sugar industry in acting as a con
trol over the price demand for imported
sugar will contribute largely to estab
lish a lower price for imported sugar
throughout next year.
"It is the intention of the food ad
ministration to adopt measures which
will effectually assure that the price
agreed upon shall not be exceeded dur
ing the coming year even on imported
sugar, and It is hoped that as soon as
the Cuban crop is available the price
will be less than $7.25.
"This year, the beet sugar crop will
not be moving freely in the country
before October 1, and therefore there
will be a few weeks' delay before the
reduced price becomes effective."
Texas Governor Summoned.
AUSTIN. Tex., Aug. 26. Governor
James E. Ferguson was summoned yes
terday by John Dl McCall. secretary of
the Senate, to appear before the bar of
the Senate Wednesday morning to an
swer charges of impeachment preferred
against him by tbe House.
Lisbon Socialists Decline.
LISBON, Aug. 26. The Portuguese
Socialists have decided not to partici
pate in the Stockholm conference. They
will, however, send representatives to
London to attend the meeting of the
workingmen's party.
DECISION ON EXTENT
OF WAR TAX NEAR
House Expected to Pass War
Credit Bill This Week and
to Consider Insurance.
FIGHT LIKELY IN SENATE
Levy on Profits Will Be Considered
Wednesday, While Today Tax
on Publishers and One-Cent
Postage Are Listed.
WASHINGTON. Aug. 26. This week's
programme of Congress promises to
be one of the most Important of the
war session. A decision by the Senate
on how far wealth shall be conscripted
in the war tax bill, passage by the
House of. the $11,538,000,000 new war
credit bill and the soldiers' and sailors'
insurance measuro and the launching
of a new deficiency appropriation bill
aggregating between $4,500,000,000 and
$6,000,000,000 are among the things to
be done.
On Wednesday Senate leaders expect
to reach the war profits section of the
tax bill, to begin the fight over pro
posals to levy between $2,400,000,000
and $3,200,000,000 on such profits In
stead of $562,000,000 as proposed in the
bill and $200,000,000 as provided in the
House measure.
Postage Issue Up Today. "'
Tomorrow the one-cent letter post
age and publishers' tax sections are to
be taken up, with expectation of dis
posing of them Tuesday or Wednesday
to clear the way for the bitter contest
on war profits.
After a month virtually in recess un
der a "gentlemen's agreement" to
transact no business, the House will
reconvene Tuesday prepared to remain
at work until recess or adjournment
of the session. Most of the leaders now
think that hardly will be before Octo
ber 1 or 15.
Unless plans of administration lead
ers go awry, the $11,538,000,000 war
bond and certificate and soldiers' and
sailors' Insurance bills will be passed
by the House before the end of the
week.
Brief Conference Expected.
Senate, leaders have little hope of
passing the war tax bill before next
week, but tomorrow they may endeavor
to have a date set for a final vote.
Disposition of the war profits section
by Saturday is proposed, but many
speeches must be heard.
Prospects of further increases in
taxes on incomes and war profits give
basis for the belief that the measure
as It comes from the Senate will be so
nearly acceptable to the House that
only brief conferences will be neces
sary. A brief truce in the Senate struggle
will be taken Thursday for reception
of tbe Japanese mission. Viscount
Ishll, the special ambassador, .will ad
dress the Senate.
PASTORS ARE ASSIGNED
Methodist Episcopal Chnrch, South,
Names Presiding Elder.
SPOKANE, Aug. 26. Rev. G. H.
Gibbs was named presiding elder of the
Washington district of the East Co
lumbia Conference of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, South, at the annual
session here today and Rev. A. L. Thor-
oughman was retained as presiding
elder or the Oregon district.
Assignment of pastors was an
nounced as follows:
Washington district C. R. Howard,
Corbin Park and Kenwood. Spokane;
W. G. Forbis. Oakesdale; J. H. Kincaid,
Bethel; F. M. Canfleld, Troy; J. A. Hall,
Leland and Juliaetta; W. J. Groseclose,
Clearwater; S. J. Maxwell, La.pwai In
dian Mission; C. J. Taber, Lapwai and
Sweetwater; J. W. Spencer, Mission
Creek; D. A. Skeen, Gilbert; E. J. Con
ner,. Nespelem Indian Mission.
Oregon district F. A. Downs, Mil
ton; E. F. Omann. Walla; S. E. Powell.
Weston: W. B. Smith, La Grande; J. B.
Bray, Wingville; A. R. Thomas, Rich
land, and J. N. Departe, Meridian.
H. S. Shangle was named president
and financial secretary of the Columbia
Junior College. Milton, Or.; D. N. Wood,
secretary of education; M. E. Nolen.
conference evangelist, and J. H. Dills,
conference missionary secretary.
IDAHO FOOD ROW BREWS
Hoover and Governor Alexander In
Deadlock Over Director.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREATT. Wash
ington. Aug. 26. Governor Alexander,
of Idaho, and Food Administrator
Hoover have locked horns over the ap
pointment of a food administrator for
Idaho Some time ago the Governor
recommended R. F. Bicknell. of Boise,
and this recommendation stirred up a
volume of protest from Idaho farmers,
who alleged that Mr. Bicknell Is a spec
ulator in foodstuffs, potatoes and sheep
and a man with whom they cannot
work. They simultaneously urged the
appointment of ex-Mayor Sam Hayes, of
Boise.
When Mr. Hoover sought to induce
the Governor to accept Mr. Hayes, the
Government rebelled and brought per
sonal pressure to bear to force Mr.
Bicknell's appointment. Mr. Bicknell is
now in Washington trying to see Mr.
Hoover.
As Mr. Hoover had announced that
there would be no politics in these ap
pointments, and as Governor Alexander
has resorted to political influence in
support of his favorite, a deadlock has
resulted, and Idaho Is without a food
administrator.
POLICE CLERK IS MISSED
Municipal Court Attache Goes on
Vacation, at Busy Time.
Neal Crounse, veteran clerk in the
Municipal Court, has been absent on
his vacation at Tillamook since last
Thursday and his colleagues have
missed him greatly on account of the
heavy docket resulting from the police
raids during the last few days. The
police have gathered in more than 60
men and women on charges of va
grancy, making considerable work for
a short-handed court staff.
Mr. Crounse has been a deputy city
clerk, detailed at the Municipal Court
under Clerk Beutgen, for the past six
years.
East African War Continues.
LONDON. Aug. 25. "the British offi
cial statement issued today on the East
African war theater reports further ad
vances of the British and. Belgian
forces against the Germans. .
s
I
s ir
TTt
I here can be no peace until Prussianism is destroyed says the New York
Worldin answer to the Pope's peace proposal. "Whether it is destroyed from without
or from within rests mainly with" the German people themselves, but destroyed it must
be if there is to be peace in the world. That is now the beginning and the end of the
war aims of the Allies, and unless achieved, autocracy has triumphed and German
militarism is master of civilization."
"Germany must be beaten and know she is beaten," says the Louisville Post. And
the Chicago Herald -warns us that a peace on the Pope's terms, "would be a truce not a peace."
Not only do strong supporters of the war dismiss the "Pope's Peace" as. a German
peace, while they urge strenuous waging .of war till Germany is made either " powerless
or free;" but pacifists, Socialists and German-Americans agree .in predicting- the: failure
of the new papal efforts at mediation.
In THE LITERARY DIGEST of August 25th is an " interesting, article reflecting the opinion of
Jne Press of the country on this newest of the peace proposals.
Elihu Root's Faith in the Russian Republic
fWe Bring Back an Abiding Faith That This Great Free Self -Governing Democratic Government Shall Be Maintained Intact."
ay. Elihu Root; and Others of the Commissioners . Are Similarly Quoted in "Russia and Ourselves an
Interesting Article in This Issue. ' Other Article in This Valuable Number Are t
Why Victory Shall Be Ours
Triumph of Reserve Officers' Camps
How to Save Ireland
Foreign Friends of Germany
Canadian Hierarchy Fighting
Conscription
Italy's War Aims,
A New Theory of Life
Diet By . Price
Chicago's "Kaiserized" Speller
Another ' Poet Fallen in Battle
Religion -in the Trenches
Spiritualized Labor in France
Form Your
l he average man easily gets into a news-rut. He
reads the same newspapers morning arid ' evening
and forms the habit of looking at world-events
always from-the same angle. Too often this means,
unfair partizanship and prejudice. Let him read
THE LITERARY DIGEST for in its pages he
August
Bf Marh of"
Distinction to 1
Ec a Reader ol Jjj
VThe Literary 13
JJIgest
J FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY (Publishers
JJiy,lllmai.JIHlMlU ...i r,r.T..i.mnrir . -w 1. m J rJB 1 1
BULGARS GIVE AIMS
Budapest Says Wide Annexa
tions Will Be Demanded.
WAR IS WON IS ASSERTION
Each of Separate Powers to Return
Separate Answer to Pope Great
Imperial Federation , of
Middle Europe Forecast.
COPENHAGEN. Aug. 26. Annexa
tion of largo amounts of territory will
bo Insisted upon by Bulgaria, according
to an Interview with Premier Rados
lavoff, as published in a Budapest
newspaper. The Premier also Is quoted
as saying: that the formation of a great
imperial federation of Middle Europe
migrht soon be expected.
Each of the central powers will re
turn separate answer to the peace pro
posals of Pope Benedict, giving Us
standpoint In concrete form, the Premier
says.
Turkey also will state its case, which
will be agreed to by all Its allies.
Premier Radoslavoff indicates Bul
garia will demand the acquisition of
Macedonia, the DobrodJt and the Egean
Littoral, saying that this is in accord
with the proposal for settlement of the
Balkan problem on the basis of right
and Justice, as made by the Pope. .
The central powers, the Premier de
clares, are the victors, and without
doubt soon will be united in a
gigantic imperial federation of Middle
Europe. The entente will rue the day,
he says. If It does not accept peace and
soon will be seeking a mediator.
TREASURY PAPER IS TAKEN
Second Offering of Short-Time Cer
tlflcates Over-Subscribed.
WASHINGTON. Aug. 2. Heavy over
subscription of the Treasury's latest
offering of short-term certificates is
sued in anticipation of the second lib
erty bond issue was announced last
night by Secretary McAdoo.
Yesterday's issue, $250,000,000, brings
the total thus subscribed up to $550,
000,000, the previous issue, $300,000,000.
also having been oversubscribed.
General Recalled to Service.
"WASHINGTON. Aug. 26. Brigadier
General John P. Wisser. U. S. A., re
tired, was restored to active duty by
Army orders issued Saturday and or
dered to Honolalu to replace Brigadier
General Charles G. Treat as commander
&
I iie
russiamsm oestroyect
Humerous Interesting Ittustrafipns,
Opinions From Unbiased
AUGUST MOTOR
August 25th is' an important week in the Digest's
'Motor calendar. This issue is replete with the
1918 announcements of automobiles, motor-trucks
and accessories. Information about the latest
25th Numberon Sale To
of the Hawaiian Department. General
Treat will be assigned to other service
later.
POPE'S MESSAGE RECEIVED
Belgium Thanks Benedict for "Par
ticular Interest" In Nation.
HAVRE, Aug. 26. An official note
issued by the Belgian Minister of For
eign Affairs yesterday says that the
Pope's message to the heads of the bel
ligerent peoples, counseling peace, has
been received by the King of the Bel
gians through the Belgian Minister to
the Vatican.
In acknowledgment of receipt of the
pontifical document, the King and
government render homage to the lofty
sentiments which Inspire the note and
express gratitude for "the particular In
terest which the Holy Father feels for
the Belgian nation, so cruelly and so
unjustly struck by war."
Explosion Destroys Three Factories.
PETROGRAD Aug. 26. Three fac
tories in the southeastern portion of
the city were burned yesterday as a
result of an explosion. One hundred
and twenty persona were killed or
injured.
T
LIBERTY FALL
18 GIRL
Also "Hashimura Togo," with Sessue
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Russia's Women Soldiers
Making France Smile Again
White Bread the Best War-Bread
Piano-Makers to Help Build Aircraft
Wanted: Standardized Cans
A Eulogy i of the Barrel
Ten Miles of Welded Pipe
A Traveling Refrigerator
What the Soldier Thinks of Shaw
The Appeal of the Primitive Jazz
Modernity in New Testament . Days
Without a Conscience,
Current Poetry
.Including Cartoons and Maps
Reports by Reading "The Digest"
will find the cream of the world's news, impartially
presented in the form of original quotations from
the most diverse sources, with no attempt at edito
rial instruction. Why do YOU not read "The
Digest" and base your judgments on the actual
facts?
NUMBER 104 PAGES
models and newest accessories that should save time
and money to prospective purchasers is a feature
of the Digest's advertising pages. If you are a
motorist it is important that you buy this number.
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WAR COST IS APPALLING
GERMANS PROTEST THET MUST
BATE INDEMNITIES.
One-Half of Public -Wealth of Central
Empire Has Been Wiped Ont by
War Expenditures.
AMSTERDAM. Aug. 26. The Inde
pendent Committee for German peace
again strongly protests in the press
against a peace without Indemnity. It
points out that the public wealth of
Germany Just previous to the outbreak
of the war was estimated at about
360,000,000,000 marks, of which half has
been wiped out by war expenditures.
To pay Interest on the redemption of
that huge loss, the committee says, it
would be necessary to raise by taxa
tion 12,000,000.000 marks annually,
whereas the imperial budget heretofore
has been only 3,500,000,000 and it is im
possible to raise it beyond 6,000.000,000.
Without indemnities, the committee
asserts, the less well-to-do persons
will be the sufferers In the inevitable
period of grinding poverty and crush
ing taxation.
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