Morning Oregonian., August 27, 1917, Page 2, Image 2

TTIE MORNING OREGONIAN. ' MONDAY, AUGUST 27, 1917.
FEALTY RENEWED AT
WASHINGTON'STOMB
HEAD OF THE JAPANESE MISSION TO THE UNITED STATES
DAUGHTER.
AND HIS BEAUTIFUL WIFE AND
CASTE DOMINATES
GERMAN AFFAIRS
Viscount Ishii Pays Eloquent
Tribute to Memory of
Great Patriot.
Martial Spirit Is Fostered in
Boys in School and War
Is Encouraged.
CIRCLE TOURS
"W.'fioi n PITI7CM" unnnocn
AWE FOR MILITARY TAUGHT
via
Japanese Ambassador Pledges Every
Resource of Nipponese to Aid
Allies and In Making TVorld
Safe for Liberty-Loving.
WASHTXGTOX, Aug. 26. Viscount
Ishil, the special ambassador from
Japan, placing a wreath of roses and
"chrysanthemum on the tomb of George
Washington at Mount Vernon today,
claimed the right for Japan to honor
Washington's memory and reaffirmed
her devotion to the allies' cause and
the principles for -which they wage
battle.
The members of the Japanese mis
sion, with Secretary and Mrs. Daniels
as hosts, sailed down the Potomac on
the President's yacht Mayflower. Ac
companying them were Ambassador
Sato. Secretaries Lansing, Redfield and
Baker, Postmaster-General Burleson,
Speaker Clark, members of the Senate
and House and many others prominent
in diplomatic and official life.
Remarkable Tribute raid.
With the red sun of Japan on a white
field waving with the Stars and Stripes
above him, the representative of one
of the oldest civilizations on earth, on
the oil of one of the youngest, paid a
remarkable tribute to the memory of
the only man who has alike been hon
ored and is honored by the nations
warring for democracy.
Viscount Ishii said:
"In the name of my gracious sov
ereign, the Emperor of Japan, and rep
resenting all the liberty-loving people
who own his sway, I stand today in
this sacred presence, not to eulogize
the name of Washington for that
were presumption but to offer the
simple tribute of a people's reverence
and love.
"Washington was an American, but
America, great as she is, powerful as
she is, certain as she Is of her splendid
destiny, can lay no exclusive claim to
this immortal name. Washington is
now a citizen of the world; today he
belongs to all mankind. And so men
come here from the ends of the earth
to honor his memory and to reiterate
their faith in the principles to which
his great life was devoted.
Japan's Resources Pledged.
"It is a fitting place, at this time,
when all the world is filled with tur
moil and suffering, for comrades in a
holy cause to gather and here renew
their fealty to a righteous purpose
firm in the determination that the
struggle must go on until the world is
free from menace and aggression.
"Japan is proud to place herself be
side her noble allies in this high re
solve, and here, in the presence of these
deathless ashes, she reaffirms her de
votion to the cause and the principles
for which they wage battle, fully de
termined to do her whole part in se
curing for the world the blessings of
liberty. Justice and lasting peace."
The Japanese guests were received
with full naval honors when they
boarded the Mayflower.. The marine
guard was at salute and the ship's band
played the Japanese national hymn,
"Klmlgayo." When the yacht ap
proached Mount Vernon "taps" were
sounded and the "Star-Spangled Ban
ner" was played while all on board
stood at "attention."
The mission will go to Arlington to
morrow to visit the tomb of Durham
White Stevens, the American who was
sent to Korea to adjust a dispute be
tween China and Japan and who was
killed by a Korean in San Francisco in
1908, and is burled in the National
cemetery.
LOW GOAL RATE URGED
COMWISSIOXKH COREY WOFID DE
VELOP OREGON INDUSTRY.
Intrastate Rates on Coal in Oregon
Declared Higher Than In Other
Western States.
SALEM, Or.. Aug. 26. (Special.) A
comparison of the intrastate freight
rates on coal in Oregon with similar
rates in Washington. Montana, Utah
and Wyoming, according to Public
Service Commissioner Corey, shows
that the Oregon rates are much higher
than those in the other states, with no
unusual operating facilities to over
come. Mr. Corey has issued a state
ment In which he suggests that the
Southern Paciflo Company shall make
every effort to develop the Oregon coal
business, rather than allow Alaska
coal to come in to relieve the fuel situ
ation. It is expected that the Commission
will Issue its order on intrastate coal
rates within a few days.
Commenting upon the coal rate situ
ation. Commissioner Corey said:
"Vast quantities of coal are shipped
from Washington, Wyoming and Utah
points to practically all points in Ore
gon served by transportation lines.
This does not seem to me to be Just
right when we have coal fields practi
cally undeveloped in the Coos Bay
country served by both railroad and
boat transportation.
"We are all aware that strenuous
efforts are being made by Congress to
bring Alaska coal to Oregon to relieve
an anticipated fuel famine this Win
ter. Would not the Southern Pacific
Company, under the circumstances, be
justified, and does uot the road owe it
to the public to reduce its rates on coal
to such a point that would encourage,
foster and develop an industry whose
product is so much needed by the pub
lic? "A comparison of intrastate rates
on coal In Oregon with Intrastate
rates on the same commodity In the
states of Washington, Montana, Utah
and Wyoming are found to be consid
erably higher, notwithstarding heavy
mountain grades are to be contended
with and operating: conditions gener
ally found more difficult than those
that obtain on Southern Pacific Com
pany lines between Cocs Bay and Port
land.
"Peace Talk" Is Called Trap.
NEW YORK, Aug. 26 Suggestion of
peace at this period of the war was
characterized by William C. Redfield.
Secretary of Commerce, as "a trap for
the unwary," in a letter to Assembly
man Nathan B. Shapiro, of Brooklyn,
made public here last night. Secretary
Redfield declared the United States is
In the war until "autocracy will never
again lift its head to threaten man."
V i V yu Jf . 1 . ; " ; $v
x. ' ' ' ' i ' "I P i ' ' W ' 3 - f I V "
t. .- '. - . ..
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Unusual photograph of Viscount Ishii, head of the Japanese mission, which recently arrived In the United
States. The Vis int is in uniform In the center of the group. At his right is his charming wife and at his
left is his daughter. Neither the wife nor the daughter accompanies Viscount Ishii to the United States.
RIFLE USE REVIVED
American Troops in France
Practice Marksmanship.
FIGHTING METHODS CHANGE
Bayonets, Bombs and Hand-to-Hand
Conflict Likely Soon to Give
Way to Tactics Recently
Fallen Into Discard.
(By the Associated Press.)
AMERICAN TRAINING CAMP IN
FRANCE, Aug. 26 Convinced that
marksmanship wtth the rifle is not
altogether a lost art. even if it has been
somewhat neglected in tnese laner
days of war, the commanders of the
American forces now preparing In
France for the battle front are giving
the men a thorough course of instruc
tion in the school of rifle firing.
It always had been a tradition among
European armies that the United States
had the finest shooting army in the
world, no matter what might be its short
comings in other respects. This tradi
tion the new Army of America hopes to
fulfill, and there is a general belief
among the officers of the expeditionary
force that the time again will come
when rifle fire may be of the utmost
importance.
Old British Army Expert.
The old regular British army, which
virtually was annihilated in the first
six months of the war, also was a fine
shooting army, and its ability with the
rifle cost the Germans dearly on many
occasions.
Ever since the battle of the Somme,
more than a year ago, there has been
a tendency among the armies to regard
the rifle merely as a staff for the
bayonet or for sniping. Advancing in
fantrymen have been taught to rely
first of all on the protection of an
artillery barr.-.ge, which moves 50 yards
or so in front of them and is supposed
to be of sufficient Intensity to Lcep any
machine gunners well below ground un
til the assaulting waves are right upon
them.
Hand-to-Band Ftgatlmcr Common.
Once In or near the enemy positions.
Infantrymen have used bombs and
bayonets alone, with seldom a rifle shot
heard. In other words, artillery bar
rages laid by guns far in the rear have
had the effect of bringing Infantry
fighting to quick hand - to - hand en
counters, which the technique of mod
ern war discarded as obsolete until a
year ago. These barrages have a dou
ble purpose, acting as a shield of pro
tection and also concealing the attack
ing waves until the storming troops
are right up to the enemy's dugouts
and trench shelters.
There now is a feeling, however, that
these tactics In an attack may not al
ways endure and that rifle fire again
will come into its own. Even the Ger
mans are adopting this modification of
tactics, according to prisoners, who say
that the more recent training calls for
much time at rifle practice, and each
man must remain at the target until
he makes a satisfactory score. Both
rifle practice and machine-gun work
appeal to the American soldiers.
TEUTONS AGAIN SMASHED
Continued From FMrsrt Pare.)
nounces. Austrian counter-attacks on
the Carso were repulsed.
The number of prisoners has been
Increased to more than 23.000, in addi
tion to which a great amount of booty
has been captured.
The battle between the Italians and
the Austrtans still rages, with the Aus-
trians stubbornly retreating at many
points. Including the Lower Carso.
Numerous messages from the front
received bv ministers Indicate that th
I Italians are making swift strides to-
,. ; r.V. ? m 7
f -VU
ward victory. When asked today for
an expression of his opinion of the re
sults thus far achieved in the battle.
Lieutenant-General Count Cadorna,
commander-in-chief of the Italian
forces, smilingly replied:
"We are doing nicely, thank you."
The total losses of the Austrians
from all causes are reckoned at nearly
100,000, the most Important of which,
in the Carso region, have not yet been
officially announced. It is said that
airu)ng the losses of the Austrians are
many men of the famous Twelfth Di
vision, popularly known as the "Iron
Division."
PETROGRAD, Aug. 26. Attacks at
several points on the Russian and Rou
manian fronts were beaten back yes
terday by the Russians, the War Of
fice announces.
A further advance on the Caucasian
front, where the Russians recently be
gan offensive operations, also Is re
ported.
COSTIiY EFFORT IS FRUITLESS
Germans Lose in Four Days Ground
Won In Three Months.
ON THE FRENCH FRONT. Anc. 25.
The Germans nervously, but Ineffect
ively, bombarded their lost positions
around Verdun throughout the day,
without any infantry attack The
French offensive of only four days'
actual fighting resulted in the recap
ture, with an inconceivably low cas
ualty list, of positions, to gain which
cost the armies of the German Crown
Prince more than three months of con
stant combats, at the expense of hun
dreds of thousands of lives.
The assertion of the Germans that
they voluntarily evacuated territory on
this front Is disproved by an order re
lating to Dead Man Hill, dated August
17, and signed by General von Dietrich,
which was found on a prisoner. It
said:
"An attack may be expected momen
tarily. The division must rely on its
own strength. I hope it will suffice
to defeat the enemy.
Another sentence refers to Hill 304 as
"the key to the whole western front."
French commanders give high praise
to the work of their aviators, who used
their machine guns to aid their com
rades below and brought constant re
ports to headquarters of the progress
of the attack.
PARK CONCERTS ENDED
CLOSING BAND PROGRAMME RE
CEIVED WITH ENTHUSIASM.
Director Campbell's Musicians Take
Him by Surprise With Presenta
tion of Gold. Emblem.
Fully 6000 persons attended the last
municipal band concert of the season
in Washington Park yesterday after
noon, at the close of which Percy A.
Campbell, the director, received a hand
some music emblem of gold from the
members of his organization. The
presentation speech was made by G.
Bertram.
"There seems to be a feeling of gen
eral satisfaction among your old pals
that the concerts have been successful
in every way," said Mr. Bertram. "At
least, the work has been most agree
able to us all, and the sentiment of the
boys is that we owe you a debt of
(gratitude. We wish to acknowledge
it, and, in a measure, show our appreci
ation for favors and consideration
shown us by offering you this little
token."
Director Campbell, taken completely
by surprise, was able to say, "thank
you," and that was alL
Nearly all of the numbers on the
programme yesterday were by request
and, even then, the season closed with
22 mora requests than the band could
give.
"It has been a successful season of
concerts." said Director Campbell. "We
have played In every park in the city
several times and have endeavored to
give the people what they want In con
cert music I have been greatly pleased
with the attendance and the interest
manifested by the public, indicated by
generous applause and calls for spe
cial selections.".
VJ. 1 ! - . , t I
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APPEAL STIOS
Gerard Tells Pro - German
Irish of Prison Camps.
LOT IS EASY AT FIRST
Ex-Ambassador Declares Effort to
Convert Prisoners AVas Made
and That Later Loyalty to
Allies Was Punished.
HELENA, Mont., Aug. '26. James W.
Gerard, ex-Ambassador to Germany, de
livered a stirring address here today
before 3500 persons gathered at a picnic
given by farmers, the Council of De
fense and the Helena Commercial Club.
Mr. Gerard presented his respects to
the pro-German element in the United
States by asking:
"What do these people want? Do
they expect to share with Germany In
the conquests of the field?"
The disposition of some Irish in
America to favor the German cause
brought forth the wish from the
speaker that such people could have
been with him in tne German prison
camps where Irish war prisoners were
confined.
"When these prisoners were first
brought to Germany," he said, "they
were separated frqm the others, better
treated and given a chance to Join Ger
many against England. Sir Koger Case
ment was sent to a camp where 2700 of
these men were confined to urge them
to Join the Kaiser. He made some 30
converts. Then the Irish prisoners
proved true to their oaths and threw
him out.
"Then," he continued, "persecutions
of the Irish began, and if the exponents
of Prussianism in this country could
have seen those men shot with little or
nc excuse, dying of tuberculosis brought
on by starvation and going Insane from
abuse, their opinion of the matter might
change."
SOLDIERS USED ON DOCKS
Cuban Fighters Pressed Into Service
to Hasten Loading Ships.
A GULP PORT, Aug. 26. Cuban sol
diers have been pressed into service a
dock laborers at Cardenas, to overcome
delay In loading ships, bound for allied
parts in Europe, occasioned by strikes,
according to the' captain of an Ameri
can steamer now at a gulf port.
The captr.ln said a big British
freighter had lain idle at her dock for
a time, and then President Menocal
ordered out regular soldiers to take the
place of the dock workers. Vhe day
he left port several steamers were
about to complete taking cargo handled
by soldiers. Shipping at Cuban ports
has been hampered several months by
labor troubles.
SAWDUST LURES SOLDIERS
Chaplain, Adjutant and Commander
of Third Oregon All "Circus Nuts."
WITH THE THIRD OREGON, Aug.
26. (Special.) There isn't a soldier in
camp or hardly an officer who
wouldn't like to be in the circus lot
tomorrow morning. The chief topic of
the officers' mess for the last week has
been how to get the "K. O.'a" permis
sion to declare holiday.
Captain Logus, camp adjutant, can
give tips on how to carry water to the
elephants; Colonel May knows all
about loading a circus train, while the
chaplin is learned in the art of crawl
ing under the "big top."
There will be a generous sprinkling
of uniforms on the circus lot tomorrow
night.
IB
Only Principles Desired by Rulers
of German People Are Incul
cated in Public Schools
and In Churches.
(Continued From First Pase.)
feated within a month and a half after
the opening of hostilities, so the Kaiser
was implicitly believed when, on the
first day of the war, he appeared on
the balcony of the palace and told the
crowds, who were keen for war, that
"Before the leaves have fallen from the
trees you will be back in your homes."
All Germany Behind Kaiser.
The army and all Germany believed
the Kaiser, and believed, too, that a
few short weeks would see the destruc
tion of France and the consequent seiz
ure of her rich colonies; that Russia
could then be struck a good, quick blow
before she could concentrate her army
and resources; that England would re
main neutral, and that Germany would
consequently become, if not the actual
owner of the world, at least its dictator.
Some one has since said that the Em
peror must have meant pine trees!
Working ever In the dark, either
owning or influencing newspapers, the
great munition and arms factory of
the Krupps insidiously poisoned the
minds of the people with the microbe
of war.
Prince Lichnowsky, the German Am
bassador to London, called upon me
often after the outbreak of the war and
Insisted that he had correctly reported
the sentiments of England in saying
that England did not want war.
After Prince Lichnowsky's return to
Germany the Germans quite unfairly
treated him as a man who had failed,
and seemed to blame him because Eng
land had taken the only possible course
open to her and ranged herself on the
side of France and Russia
Martial Spirit Kindled.
The dedication at Leipzig, in the year
1913, of the great monument to cele
brate what is called "the war libera
tion," and the victory of Leipzig in the
war of the nations, 1813, had undoubt
edly kindled a martial spirit in Ger
many. To my mind, the course which
really determined the Emperor and the
ruling class for war was the attitude
of the whole people in the Zabern af
fair and their evident and growing dis
like of militarism. The fact that the
Socialists, at the close of the session of
the Reichstag, boldly remained in the
chamber and refused to rise or to cheer
the name of the Emperor Indicated a
new spirit of resistance to autocracy,
and autocracy saw that if it was to
keep its hold upon Germany it must
lead the nation Into a short and suc
cessful war.
Autocracies Tarn to War.
This is no new trick of a ruling and
aristocratic class. From the days when
the patricians of Rome forced the peo
ple into war whenever the people
showed a disposition to demand their
rights autocracies have always turned
to war as the best antidote against the
spirit of democracy.
People of other countries have been
wondering why it is that the German
government is able so easily to impose
Its will upon the German people. 1
have already described in detail the
political system, from which you have
seen that the Reichstag is nothing but
a debating society; that the Prussians
do not really have universal suffrage,
but by reason of the vicious circle sys
tem of voting the elective franchise
remains in the hands of the few, ant
that the government of the country,
through the landrats, regierungs, presi
dents and over-presidents, is a central
system from above downwards and not
by the election of the rulers of the
people; and, in the chapter on militar
ism and Zabern, I have told by what
means the control of the army is kept
in the hands of the class of nobles.
Boys TauKht Reverence.
These are not the only means by
which the system controls the country.
These alone would not suffice. From
the time when he is 4 years old the
German is disciplined and taught that
his government is the only good and
effective form. The teachers In the
schools are all government-paid and
teach the children only the principles
desired by the rulers of the German
people. There are no Saturday holidays
in the German schools, and their Sum
mer holidays are for only three to five'
weeks. You never see gangs of small
boys in Germany. Their games and
their walks are superintended by their
teachers, who are always inculcating
in them reverence and awe for the mili
tary heroes of the past and present.
On Saturday night the German boy Is
turned over by the state-paid school
teacher to the state-paid pastor, who
adds divine authority to the principles
of reverence for the German system.
Caste Is Everything.
There is a real system of caste in
Germany. For instance, I was playing
tennis one day with a man, and while
dressing afterward I asked him what
he was. He answered that he was a
"Kaufmann," or merchant. For the
German this answer was enough. It
placed him In the merchant class. I
asked him what sort of a "Kaufmann"
he was. He then told me he was presi
dent of a large electrical company.
Of course, with us he would have
answered first that he was president
of the electrical company, but, being
a German, he simply disclosed his caste
without going into details. It Is a
curious thing on the registers of guests
in a German Summer resort to see
Mrs. Manufactory-Proprietor Schulze
registered with Mrs. Landrat Schwartz
and Mrs. Second Lieutenant von Blng!
Relative Positions Clear.
Of course, there is no doubt as to the
relative social positions of Mrs. Manufactory-Proprietor
Schulze and Mrs.
Second Lieutenant von Bing. Mrs. Manufactory-Proprietor
Schulze may have
r;l. U. II 11 . I mi
Sir?
The Canadian
Pacific Railway
Portland to Lake Louise and return, $45.00. Twelve-hour
steamer trip on Puget Sound. "Open Top"
Observation Cars.
See
THE CANADIAN
PACIFIC ROCKIES
at their best.
WEEKLY
(Canadian ) or complete lniormation call, phone or write
i PACIFIC T v
55 Third
T IT EN who come up fi, flb
business problems must have ' w
g-ood, wholesome food well cooked,
to make them fit. That's why the Portland's noon
day lunch is so popular with business men.
Lunch at the
a steam yacht and a tiara, an opera
box and 10.000.000 marks. She may be
an old lady noted for her works of
charity. Her . husband may have made
discoveries of enormous value to the
human race, but she will always be
compelled to take her place behind Mrs.
Second Lieutenant von Bing, even 11
the latter is only 17 years old.
Of course, occasionally, officers of
the army and navy condescend to
marry into the merchant caste, and if
a girl has a choice of three equally
attractive young men, one a doctor,
earning $10,000 a year; one a manu
facturer, earning the same amount, and
one an army officer with a "von" be
fore his name and $3000 a year, there
is no hesitation on her part. She takes
the noble and the army officer.
For years all the highest official po
sitions of the government have been
held by members of the Prussian noble
class. When Zlmmermann, of a sub
stantial' family in East Prussia, but not
of noble birth, was made Foreign Min
ister, the most intense surprise was ex
hibited all over Germany at this in
novation. Rat System Disciplines People.
One of the most successful ways of
discipling the people is by the "rat"
system. "Rat" means councillor, and
is a title of honor given to any one
who has attained a certain measure of
success or standing in his chosen busi
ness or profession. For instance, a
business man is made a commerce rat,
a lawyer a justice rat, a doctor a sani
tary rat, an architect or builder a
building rat, a keeper of an archives
an archives rat, and so on. The rats
are created in this way: First, a man
becomes a plain rat, then later on he
becomes a secret rat, or privy council
lor, still later a court secret rat and
later still a "wirklicher," or really
and truly secret court rat, to which
may be added the title of "excellency,"
and puts the man who has attained this
absolutely at the head of the "rat"
ladder.
Working Is Insidious.
But see the insidious working of the
system. By German custom the woman
always carries the husband's title.
The wife of a successful builder is
known as Mrs. Really Truly Secret
Court Building Rat, and her social
precedence over the other women de
pends entirely upon her husband's po
sition In the rat class. Titles of no
bility alone do not count when they
come in contact with a high govern
ment position.
Now, if a lawyer gets to be about
40 years old and is not some sort of
a rat, his wife begins to nag him and
his friends and relations look at him
with suspicion. There must be some
thing in his life which prevents his
obtaining the coveted distinction, and
if there is anything in a man's past.
If he has shown at any time any spirit
of opposition to the government, as dis
closed by the police registers, which
are kept written up to date about
every German citizen, then he has no
chance of obtaining any of these dis
tinctions, which make up so much of
the social life of Germany.
It is a means by which the govern
ment keeps a far tighter .hold on the
Intellectual part of its population than
if they were threatened with torture
and .the stake.
Social Democrats Ostracized.
Those Social Democrats, who, of
course, have declared themselves
against the existing system of govern
ment and in favor of a republic, can
receive no distinction from the gov
ernment, because they dared to lift
their voices and their pens in criticism
of the existing order. For them there
is the fear of the law. Convictions
for the crime of lese majeste are of
& MturCrm, -2$
SAILINGS TO ALASKA.
TTUiitJv n 4 r n
St., Portland, Oregon.
-Lt-L asramst hard ' ' Wi
Portland today SOc
The Portland
A Generation of
Hotel Leader
almost daily occurrence, and at the
opening of the war an amnesty was
granted in many of these cases, the
Ministry of War withdrawing many
prosecutions against poor devils wait
ting their trial in Jail because they
had dared to speak disrespectfully of
the army. The following quotation
from a German book, written since the
war, shows very clearly that this state
of affairs existed:
"In the beneficent atmosphere of
general amnesty came the news that
the Minister of War had withdrawn
pending prosecutions against news
papers on account of their Insults to
the army or its memt:rs." (Dr. J. Jas
trow, "Im Kreigsustand.")
(Continued Tomorrow.)
Student
Days
School Opens
Sept. 4th
When the time comes
to drop the pant-line
from knee to ankle
when the boy issues
his D e c 1 a r a t ion of
Manhoo d we sug
gest that he play the
"long suit" of clothes
styled and tailored
in New York by
SAMUEL W.
PECK & CO.
of which there is a
complete and varied
showing; in this shop.
Not only are these
student clothes clever-styled
to the taste
o f schooldom, but
they are priced sym
pathetically to the
buying habits of par
ents who have not
yet accustomed
themselves to the
wardrobe needs of an
"extra man" in the
family.
$15 to $18
Clothes for Young; Men
and Their Fathers, Too.
"WASHINGTON
AT SIXTH.
1.
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