lO
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, TIITIIISIAT AUGUST 16, 1917.
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PORTLAND, THOtSDAV, ACG. 16. 1917.
THE POPE'S PEACE PROPOSALS.
Deeply as the Pope is revered by
the millions of Catholics in all lands
and sincere as people of all creeds
believe to be' his devotion to and yearn
ing' for peace, the nations arrayed
against Gecmany would deceive them
selves if they did not see behind the
Pope's peacie proposals the hands of
the Hohenzcdlerns and the Hapsburgs.
These dynasties are as unscrupulous
in their reso.rt to all means to avert
the punishment which awaits them as
they have beom in the selection of
means to begin and carry on this war.
The Pope's action is plainly the sequel
to the piteous pleas for peace which
have come from "Vienna, to the rising
demand for peace among the German
people which caused a change of
Chancellors and to the hurried visit
of the new Chancellor to Vienna. The
cry having' come from the monarch
who is the most faithful adherent of
the Papacy and from that party in
Germany which is made up of Cath
olics, he could not turn a deaf ear
to their appeals for intercession.
Iri deciding .what answer they shall
make, it is incumbent upon the allies
to recall the reasons for which they,
each in turn, took up the challenge of
the central empires, to have .clearly
in mind the goal which they set be
fore them, to consider whether ac
ceptance of the Pope's proposals
would bring them, near that goal and
the situation, in which acceptance
would place the world. They must
review theVauses from which the war
sprang, the remedies which they have
.resolved upon for removal of those
causes and for cure of the war's ter
rible consequences, and they must de
cide whether the plan offered would
be an effectual application of the
remedies. If that' plan should be a
mere palliative, then the millions who
have died that the disease may be
cured will have died in vain, and- the
present deluge of blood and misery
must ere long be followed by another
such deluge.
The cause of this war was the firm
ly rooted idea in the minds of the
men who ruled over Germany and her
confederates that military might gives
them a divine right to conquer and
rule people against those people's will;
that no obligation of treaty or good
faith or international law, no principle
of humanity, however elementary, is
binding which interferes with their
designs or with military necessity.
President Wilson well defined this
idea by saying- in his Flag-day speech:
These men have nover regarded nations
as peoples, men. women and children of
like blood and frame as themselves, for
whom government existed and In whom
the governments had their life. They have
regarded them merely as serviceable or
ganizations which they could by force or
intrigue bend or corrupt to their own pur
pose. They have regnrded the smaller
states, in particular, and the peoples who
could be overwhelmed by force as their
natural tools and instruments of domina
tion. Germany planned to put this idea
In practice, as Mr. Wilson expressed
it, by throwing "a. broad belt of Ger
man military power and political con
trol across the very center of Europe
and beyond the Mediterranean into the
heart of Asia." In so doing they aimed
to trample down all the independent
nations who came in their way and
to hold in subjection all whom they
had already subdued. "And," Mr.
Wilson said, "they have actually car
ried the greater part of that amazing
plan into execution." They recognize
their inability to complete it at this
time. They first proposed peace on
tho basis of the military map, which
meant that they should keep that.
which they then held. That would
have been a German victory, to be
followed after a period of recupera
tion by another war to complete exe
cution of the plan. The allies fought
on, and by the repulse at Verdun and
the victory on the Somme, on the
Cartso plateau, in Galicia and other
fields began to break the Teutons' grip
on what they had conquered. In Hou
mania alone did success give Germany
encouragement. Then followed the
peace move of last December with
Germany still boasting of victory, still
striving to hold conquests upon which
she felt her grip to be weakening.
Mr. Wilson well defined the motive
for that move by saying of the Ger
man government:
It cannot go further: t dare not go back.
It wishes to close its bargain before it is
too late and it has little left ,to offer for
the pound of flesh it will demand. The
military niaaters under whom Oermany la
bleeding see very clearly to what point
fite has brought them. If they fall back
or are forced back an inch thtir power both
abroad and at home will fnll to pieces like
house of cards. It l their power (it home
they are thinking about now more than
their power abroad. It is that power which
ia tremblinr under their very ftet; and deep
fear has entered tl-.eir hearts.
This was Germany's position when
the peace offer of last December was
rejected. The militarists then defied
America by adopting ruthless subma
rine war. It was the last desperate
throw of the gambler, who hoped to
etarve tU-a western allies before Amer
ica could make ready and to make
transport of American troops to Eu
rope impossible before this country
could form armies. They have failed,
for destruction of ships, serious as it
is, has not prevented the allies from
pushing their offensive, nor has it pre
vented America from sending troops,
food and munitions to Europe. Their
hopes were buoyed up for a time by
the demoralization which their spies
caused in the Russian army, but they
cannot follow up their advantage in
Russia's vast spaces without using up
troops and material which are sorely
needed to arrest the steady progress
of the western allies. As nation after
nation declares against them, they see
an endless flow of reinforcements com
in; to their enemies while their own
fetrength is being steadily drained
away. To such a situation there can
be no end except ruin unless the allies
can be cajoled or tricked into making
a peace which will give the central
powers time to recover their strength
and to divide their enemies.
When the military outlook is so
bright for them, the allies would be
tray tho cause for which they have
been fighting for three years if they
should consider any terms of peace
which would fail to accomplish their
ends. The terms which the central
powers offer through the Pope are
practically the status quo ante as to
Europe and the colonies, with diplo
matic negotiations as to Alsace-Lorraine,
Trent, Trieste and Poland, and
with no reparation to any of the coun
tries which Germany has occupied and.
despoiled. This would be the same
kind of peace as those which ended
inconclusive wars in the Middle Ages,
when, as the President said, peoples
were nowhere consulted by their rul
ers and wars were provoked and
waged in the interest of dynasties or
of little groups of men who were ac
customed to use their fellow-men as
pawns and tools.
Being such a peace, it would set at
naught the very principle for which
the allies are fighting and which can
be established only by their victory or
by the democratization of the central
empires. That principle demands that
Alsace-Lorraine be restored to France,
that Trent and Trieste be joined to
Italy and that all of Poland be united
and independent, but diplomacy might
reava part or all of these peoples under
German or Austrian rule. It would
leave the Serbs and Roumanians half
free, half slave under Austrian rule
and would restore - Turkish tyranny
over the Arabs and the remnants of
the Armenians and Syrians. It would
accept the pledges of rulers who have
broken treaties to respect new treaties,
who have . contemned international
law to obey new law, who have set at
naught all restraints of humanity to
be humane hereafter, and whose sole
reliance is on armed might to limit
armaments. The faith of rulers thus
bankrupt in honor and devoid of hu
manity, compromise of the very prin
ciples for which the allies contend,
would bo poor security for future
peace and civilization.
The President never said a truer
word than that the war had its origin
in the status quo ante and that a
change to accord with the principles
for which the allies fight is essential
to permanent peace. Equally .true is
his declaration that "no autocratic
government could be trusted to keep
faith" in a concert of peace. To make
peace before the principle of national
right is established, before the cen
tral empires become democracies or
before their rulers are made power
less for harm would be to waste all
the blood and treasure which have
been expended. This is not a quarrel
of the old kind: it is an effort to bring
the criminal rulers of four monarchies
to justice, and agents of the law do
not parley with criminals.
ECOXOXY IK MEAT SUPPLY.
The situation described in a tele
gram from Condon, which is published
in another column, is not to be reme
died by abandoning efforts to econo
mize the meat supply lest the market
price be depressed. The food-control
law is designed to meet just such con
ditions a3 prevail in the cattle districts
of Eastern Oregon. The principal
work of Food Director Hoover will
be to regulate the flow of each staple
to market and thus to stabilize prices,
so that the producer may sell at a
fair profit, while no dealer or manu
facturer will make excessive profit
through scarcity in any one market.
Government control, when fully or
ganized, may be expected to cause
shipment . of cattle to each packing
center in proportion to its packing ca
pacity, and to rut dressed meat in cold
storage until it is legitimately needed.
As the packers will be under the same
control, they will not be free to with
hold meat from the market when it
is needed nor to extort exorbitant
prices from the Consumers. There
should then be no temptation to rush
cattle to market before they are ma
ture nor to hold them in expectation
of higher prices, nor to eat meat be
cause it is abundant and cheap.
The food controller should be able
to regulate affairs so that any local
surplus will be diverted to another
market. There is no surplus in the
United States and allied and neutral
countries as a. whole.' Economy is nec
essary, and it can be ftffected without
unduly depressing the price Of either
cattle or dressed meat.
FOREIGN TRADE'S RELATION TO WAR.
Our minds are so staggered by the
constantly mounting total of American
war expenses that we are inclined to
wonder how long we can keep up the
pace until we consider the steadily
swelling amount of our National
wealth, as measured by the balance of
foreign trade. Although our exports
had never reached a monthly total of
300 millions until a year after the be
ginning of the war, they attained the
half-billion mark in August, 1916, and
swelled month by month until in Jan
uary, 1917, they reached the maximum
of 613 millions. In the fiscal year
ending June 20, 1917, the total was
6294 millions, a monthly average far
exceeding half a billion and three
times the total for 1910-11 and four
times that for 1904-05. Although ini
ports increased to 2659 millions, which
is nearly a billion in excess of those
for 1914-15, the excess of exports was
3635 millions.
This sum, great as it is, may seem
small by comparison with the demands
which are being made on the Amer
ican people, but it is by no means the
full measure of the growth in Amer
ican resources resulting from the war.
Every dollar received from abroad is
turned over several times in a year
in the course of trade, and expansion
of foreign trade is accompanied by a
still greater expansion in domestic
trade. It is probable that the in
creased wealth thus obtained would
suffice to. provide the entire 14' bil
lions which this country expects to ex
pend on the war before June 30, 1918.
A large part of this expenditure is ac
tually by the allies, the United States
issuing bonds in payment and receiv
ing their bonds in return. Thus these
bonds are not a net addition to the
National debt. It is expected that
during the present fiscal year these
loans will total $6,000,000,000.
This great volume of foreign trade
Is the principal means of sustaining
the financial strength of the United
States and the allies. It Is the fruit of
their naval supremacy, subject to dis
count for the destruction wrought by
submarines. U-boats impair the re
sources of the allies to the extent to
Wfhlch they reduce power and increase
cost of carrying goods by sea and to
which they destroy ships and cargoes.
They are powerless to sustain the re
sources of Germany by reviving the
empire's foreign trade, . In this war.
as in the Napoleonic war, foreign
trade preserved by naval supremacy
promises to be the decisive factor. In
Napoleon's day it enabled Britain to
keep the armies of the continental
powers in the field for the decisive
campaigns of 1813, 1814 and 1815; iu
these days it promises to enable the
United States to perform a like serv
ice for our European allies. The only
element of doubt is the question
whether the submarine can be de
feated outright, or whether the allies
can replace ships faster than the sub
marines can destroy them.
SHOULDER TO SHOl'LDEK.
An American band marching up a
Portland street playing "Rule Bri
tannia" and the "Marseillaise" and
Scotch bagpipers following them with
"Marching Through Georgia" is sig
nificant of the new day. It happened
yesterday when the Canadian army
visitors were welcomed in Portland.
Other things happened, too. The
procession was led by two flags one
American and one British. It was a
union of colors that gave real evidence
of the commingling of spirit between
the two great nations fighting the
war of democracy.
The new era the alliance of all the
great free nations in the cause of lib
erty and law and humanity and civil
ization could not have been better ex
pressed than in the remarkable speech
of the Japanese special Ambassador,
the previous day, at "A Pacific Port."
Here is a single paragraph:
Our message Is that in this day, through
its hours of shadow or of sunshine, your
purpose is our purpose, your road our road
and your goal our goal. It is that America
and Japan will march together, work to
gether and fight together as comrades until
the end has been reached and the victory
won in the struggle which involves our rightB
and our liberties.
- Some thoughtless persons have said
that they did not expect to see the
day when America and Great Britain,
or America and Japan, would march
together shoulder to shoulder in per
fect accord in the greatest cause that
ever called for the mightiest effort of
a common humanity. Why not?
Their interests are the same. If that
is not enough, their ideals are iden
tical. What remains to divide them
but the fading memories of the past?
Now these are nothing.
The world must be made safe for
all free peoples.
PERSONAL OR OFFICLAL?
The New York Evening Post has
from its well-informed Washington
Correspondent the interesting informa
tion that several newspapers had pro
tested to the White House at the pub
lication by Ambassador Gerard of the
Kaiser's autographic note of August
10, 1914, to President Wilson. The
basis of the complaint was that it was
diplomatic correspondence and that a
newspaper was not the proper avenue
for publication, prior to its appearance
as an authentic official document.
The Post's correspondent raises the
query in this fashion:
Is a message from the Emperor of Ger
many or any other monarch to the Presi
dent of the United States personal property,
or does it belong to the American people
and are they entitled freely to such infor
mation abc-ut diplomatic correspondence, or
can letters, notes and cablegrams be bought
and sold by an individual newspaper or or-
nlzation ?
It may shed light on the question
to say that the Gerard articles are
printed in no newspaper east of the
Mississippi River except in the Public
Ledger, at Philadelphia. Naturally
there is disappointment in the metro
politan dailies of New York, Chicago
and other places.
Mr. Gerard had the express sanc
tion of the President to print the Kai
ser note; and it would appear that
he had thus abundantly fortified him
self to meet any accusation or inti
mation that he was revealing diplo
matic secrets for private gain. It is
to be observed also that the German
Emperor expressly avoided the usual
channels of diplomatic communica
tion, and himself penciled a memo
randum for transmission to the Presi
dent marked "Personal and confiden
tial." It was therefore not official.
but entirely a private communication
from Emperor to President, Now the
President authorizes its publication by
Gerard. What more is there to say?
COMFORT IX DISTRESS.
There Is much comfort for those
who have feared a recurrence of last
year's epidemic of infantile paralysis
in the report of the Harvard infantile
paralysis commission, which calls at
tention to the fact that even though
the disease itself has. not been mas
tered great progress has been made in
the after-treatment of its victims. This
is of high importance because so many
patients have been left in the past by
the ravages of -the disease in a condi
tion of dependence, from which they
did not recover.
Because of widespread recognition
of the necessity for co-operatton in
this important field, communities have
been able to accomplish truly won
derful results. The Harvard commis
sion shows that virtually all of the
cases reported in 1916 and many of
those of prior dates have been mate
rially alleviated by "follow-up" treat
ment of the most modern kind. Series
of exercises to develop co-ordination
and to stimulate nerves and muscles
have been standardized to meet varied
requirements, and new mechanical ap
pliances have been devised for ex
treme cases. The number of those
who survived the onset of the disease
and who will make almost complete
recovery Is exceedingly large. This
Is the most hopeful development in
connection with infantile paralysis re
search during the past year.
Otherwise, there is ground for op
timism as the Summer progresses. The
Boston Transcript, reviewing the prog
ress of the epidemic, points out that
while in the first six months of the
year only ninety-five cases had been
reported anywhere in Massachusetts,
and only seven cases have developed
in the first ten days of August, the
epidemic had already run a devastat
ing course in tho corresponding period
of a year ago, and had mounted far
toward its high total of 1900 cases.
Every day increases the promise that
tho country will escape a repetition of
the horrors of a year ago.
A single flock of chickens owned
by a Kansas farmer has saved some
hundreds of thousands of dollars to
other farmers of the Middle West.
They were observed one morning mak
ing a beeline for a strawstack on the
Kansas farm, and this led to an in
vestigation which disclosed that they
were eating 52.50 wheat that had es
caped the threshing machine. The
stack was run through a separator
again and yielded 150 bushels of grain.
which were sold for $375. So obvious
an opportunity for money making was
not to be ignored by the neighbors.
and they, too, have been threshing
their strawstacks. The plainer lesson,
however, has been that greater, pare
should be exercised in the first in
stance. It is possible so to adjust and
operate the machinery as to gt nearly,
every kernel the first time. It pays,
at present prices, not to run at too
high speed. A good deal of wheat is
worth more than a little time.
WORK FOR THE CHILDREN.
It now seems probable that help of
boys and girls will be required if the
fruit harvest of the Northwest is to
be saved. A good many of our men
have enlisted in the Army and Navy
and others are claimed by various in
dustrial pursuits, so that the reserve
of labor for a purely seasonal work
is unusually small. It would be a pity
to waste any of our food resources,
and doubly to be regretted if the waste
were our own fault. The call to the
boys and girls so situated as to be
able to help is a call to duty. It is
at the same time a call to a pleasant
task. The work is not too hard for
a healthy youth, it is in the open,
and to those who are undertaking it
for the first time it will offer agree
able novelty.
It is only one. of the many ways in
which boys and girls can help to keep
things "moving while the war lasts,
but it is the way nearest at hand.
The harvest is soon to begin and its
demands will grow more insistent day
by day until the end.
SYMPATHY FKOM HOME.
We should not underestimate the
value to the soldier abroad of moral
support and sympathy from the folks
at home. This is pointed out in a
recent dispatch from one of the
American training camps in France.
Our troops are in a different situation
from that of most of oilr allies, in the
respect that a wide ocean separates
them from everything to which they
are sentimentally attached. Few
Americans can appreciate the periods
of utter loneliness experienced by the
soldier in a foreign land, despite the
arduous work he is called on to do.
There is dubious merit, at best, in
the scheme of writing haphazard let
ters to soldiers whom one has never
known. Romantic girls sometimes
find pleasure in it and the practice
may serve to pass an occasional idle
hour, but there are better ways. Al
most everyone knows a soldier, and
those who have not that personal ac
quaintance still have time to become
acquainted with one who, sooner or
later, will be called up. It should be
a pleasure to plan for the future. Cor
respondence between those who have
met Is much more satisfactory than
exchange of letters between strangers.
But there are other essential duties
besides writing. The feeling of sym
pathy and understanding should be so
universal that it will be felt even
on the firing line. News has a way
of traveling. Nothing can be more
dispiriting to the man doing his pa
triotic duty than the feeling that there
is disloyalty behind him, or quarrel
ing over non-essentials, or divided
councils. We shall be increasing the
efficiency of our men by 100 per cent
if we stamp out every form of sedi
tion and show them that the Nation
is with them, heart and soul, in what
they are about to do.
So far as authentic records show,
the total loss of warships in the first
three years of the war was 525, ac
cording to the Army and Navy Jour
nal, though actual losses have doubt
less been greater, as the Germanic
powers "in particular have not been
candid. The total is divided as fol
lows: Germany, " 194; Great Britain,
151; France, 45; Turkey, 42; Austria,
31; Italy, 23; Russia, 23; Japan, 10;
United States, 6 by interment. Ger
many and her allies have lost 267 and
the entente allies 258. The greatest
loss has been by gunfire, 146, Ger
many having lost 91' of these and Brit
ain only 32. Submarines have sunk
146, of which 44 were British and 15
German. Mines have sunk 66 ships,
of which 53 were British and 13 Ger
man. Of 24 vessels captured, 20 were
German and one each Italian, Rus
sian, Austrian and Turkish.
Secretary Daniels' denunciation' of
the Navy League would have had more
weight if his reputation for- accuracy
had not been seriously damaged In
previous verbal encounters. People
discount whatever he says because he
says it.
The I. W. W. seem to have over
looked one point in calling a strike
throughout the Pacific Northwest,
They have not taken into considera
tion what the law and the rest of the
people will do to checkmate them.
United States troops marched through
Trafalgar Square, and not one of them
tried to twist the lion's tail. Times
have changed since that was a favorite
amusement in Presidential campaigns.
There are many men like Dan Mc
Allen, born at the wrong time to get
into the conflict, but there are- not
many like him with those sons in the
service.
There are many men like the young
slacker who could not remember when
he was born, but they are willing to
take somebody's word for It. Mne
monics is not a pre-natal science.
It took the selective draft to show
how America is lacking in men quali
fied to serve. In some counties as
many as eight are examined to secure
one soldier.
The careless man in the woods pays
little heed to the admonition to watch
his campfire, hence the request to
others to watch him.
These are days of deception. An
early morning ride in an open car
does not give promise of coolness later,
as might be expected.
The Russians are "rubbing it in" on
Nicholas, who is nothing but a weak
little man, helpless . to rally the old
party.
Soon there will be more of the real
article than there- were of "Colonels"
in the decade following the Civil War.
"Dried" luncheons this year offer
greater variety than in the old days
of dried apples.
The only man who can balance the
high cost is the carver in the cafe
teria. If hogs go much higher, only the
"quality" and salaried men will eat
ham this Winter.
Why not start the schools a month
later and trim the little vacations?
Oregon can help the war by simply
sprucing up a bit,
Keeping America Asleep.
By Charles J. Rosebault, of the
Vigilantes.
THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE of
the city of New York informed the
representatives of the press on July 19
that the only safeguard against the
U-boat was the building of ships which
could, for at least 24 hours that is,
while in the danger lone achieve a
speed of 16 knots per hour. The in
formation upon which this warning
was based had been obtained through
confidential sources and is undoubted
ly correct. That is, even though the
United States and the allies arrived at
the maximum output of new shipping
deemed possible, which is about six
million tons per year for the United
States, England, France and Italy com
bined, the U-boats would still achieve
their end within the next year and a
half at the most, unless the new boats
were fast enough to cut down the pres
ent percentage of destruction.
The Chamber of Commerce had held
a previous meeting a day earlier. At
this there were present some shipping
experts and the managing editor of the
Vigilantes. At this smaller meeting a
chart was shown which indicated at a
glance the entire argument for speed.
It showed ho. the U-boats were, wiping
out the existing tonnage of the com
bined allies, the period within which
England, France and Itcly would, at
the present rate, reach the point of
starvation and how soon this point
Wjuld be reached even though we and
they were able to do our utmost in pro
viding nsw shipping. Beyond that was
a line indicating the happier result if
we built ships capable of a speed of 16
knots, which would render them prac
tically immune.
A discussion arose as to whether this
chart should be given out for publica
tion and the managing editor of the
Vigilantes was appealed to for his
Judgment.
"Why not publish It?" he asked.
"Some of us," was the reply, "think
it would be unwise to scare the Ameri
can public."
"Which Js the one thing, retorted
the editor, "that is really needed to
wake up a lot of them."
In the end the timid ones prevailed
and the chart was not published.
We have heard a great deal from
different sources, including some
valiant members of Congress, about the
importance of not scaring our people.
yet every military man, every naval
man, and every psychological expert
knows that we will never get real
speed in this country until the utmost
sense of danger is realized by the
great majority.
There can be no question about the
importance of the point raised by the
Chamber of Commerce. To build the
slow-moving wooden ships urged by
the opponents of General Goethals was
shown by all the experts to be not only
waste of time and money but certain
destruction of life. A Dutch sea cap
tain, who was present and who had
had experience with wooden ships, de
clared dramatically that he considered
it nothing short of murder to send men
out in the hastlly-thrown-together
wooden cargo boats contemplated in
the Hough programme and he had
just come from inspecting such a ves
sel, which had taken 30 days to cover
a normal six-days' voyage.
Now, -at the risk of causing sleep
less nlght3 all over this country, I want
to impress on the readers of this article
the fact that we not only abandon
every chance of winning the war if we
neglect this warning, but that we are
almost certain of sacrificing the lives
of the soldiers we send abroad. Every
parent who has a eon in the trenches,
or a son likely to go there, every wife
and sister and sweetheart of the
soldiers abroad should bring pressurd
to bear upon those responsible to force
the only rational programme. Get. after
the President, Congress, the half-awake
American people. Lives are at stake-
thousands, perhaps millions.
There are too many people In author
ity who are considering what kind of
a mercantile fleet is going to remain
to us after the war. That question
must be absolutely secondary at this
moment. The only problem that we
have a right to think of is how we can
get our men across safely and how we
can Insure their being fed and armed
after we get them there. That duty
does not even consider our obligation
to provide food, munitions and other
supplies to our allies. After the war!
And we are faced at this moment with
the strongest probabilities against our
winning the war unless we put our
utmost energy into solving our great
est problem. Have we sent thousands
of our boys to France and are we going
to send perhaps millions more and not
take every precaution that human fore
sight and energy can provide to keep
the lines of communication open?
Rather that the hundred millions of
this country should not sleep a wink
for months, than that even a thousand
of our soldiers be sacrificed.
Title by Adverse Possession.
SALEM, Or., Aug. 13. (To the Ed
itor.) To settle a question which is
bothering my wife I would like to have
the following information, viz.:
We own a small ranch in Oregon-on
which we have not resided for the past
few years. To keep the place in repair
we are permitting a family to live on
the place "rent free," except that the
family pay the taxes. My wife con
tends that after they have paid the
taxes a certain number of years they
can claim and receive a deed to the
ranch. Is there any such law?
ANXIOUS.
As long as tenancy is admitted by the
person on your farm your title cannot
be disturbed. Title through adverse
possession could be obtained only
through continuous open' and notorious
possession under claim of ownership
for 10 years, and If such claim was
known to you.
Collection of Personal Loans.
BEND, Or., Aug. 13. (To the Edi
tor.) A owes B J100. incurred by small
personal loans in years 1911 and 1912.
(1) If B holds no note, and never has,
how can be proceed to collect any or
all of this? (2) Can B garnishee A's
wages now for same debt? (3) This
occurred in Washington state. A is
now resident of Oregon. Must proceed
ings co e under Oregon or Washing
ton laws? B is still resident of Wash
ington. (4) Is this debt outlawed by
time under rules of either state.
M. D. B.
(1)
(2)
tions.
(3)
(4)
Sue him.
Yes, subject to statutory eiemp-
Preferably Oregon.
The loans made longer ago than
six years are outlawed.
When Alimony Is Not Paid.
SILVERTON, Or., Aug. 14. (To tho
Editor.) (1) Can a man be taken
from the state of Oregon to another
state if he fails to pay alimony? (2)
If so, whopays his expenses?
(1) It depends on the law of the
state in which the court ordered ali
mony paid. For example, when ali
mony is ordered paid for family neces
sities and payment Is neglected or re
fused, it is in some states defined as
criminal non-support. It is then ground
for rendition of the divorced husband.
Rendition cannot be had on a civil
charge.
(2) The state which requests his return.
SEEING OREGON, THE BEAUTIFUL
Many Delightful Localities Are Within
I'lnny Access to Portland.
CHERRY VILLK. Or., August 10.
(To the Editor.) See Oregon, the beau
tiful! There are many delightfully
restful and picturesque localities In the
Cascade Range within a few hours or
a day's ride from Portland, about which
the majority of persons know little or
nothing at all. They are all the more
attractive and interesting because they
are hot too readily accessible. Some
are, reached by rough, poorly main
tained roads that cause the city dweller
who is accustomed to ease and soft
muscles to condemn; others are reached
only by pack trail. But this difficulty
in reaching them is the very thing: that
keeps them from being overrun ty the
curious and careless. I believe in some
good scenic highwavs, such as that
along the Columbia River, for the bene
fit of outside tourists as well as the
pleasure of our own people, but I do
not care to see the automobile invade
every wild, quiet spot in Oregon.
Among these beauty spots are the
upper McKenzie River, with Lookout
and Horse Pasture Mountains and the
region of the Three Sisters, the middle
fork of the Willamette. Big Fall Creek,
east of Lowell, on the Nation cutoff,
the north f ork " of the Santiam River
from Mill City to Mount Jefferson, and
the south fork, east of Lebanon. I
want to mention the latter onlv.
W. F. Woodward's letter in The Ore
gonian of August 8 interested me, as I
spent an outing in the countrv he de
scribed last season, and his description
revived pleasant memories of it. Cas
cadia is a splendid pllace to get a real
rest. It is 32 miles east of Lebanon
on the banks of the Santiam, and may
be reached either from Lebanon or
Brownsville. If one goes bv rail and
stage, he will leave the main line at
Albany and run out about 12 miles
through a nice farming section, arriv
ing at Lebanon in the evening, perhaps,
where he will find a clean, thriving
country town of 1500 or 2000 Inhabi
tants, with the Santiam flowing
through one edge. It is a broad; quiet
stream here. In the morning he will
take an auto stage, passing through
the old towns of Sodaville and Water
loo, Sweet Home and Foster, and reach
ing Cascadia in the early evening. The
road is fairly good below Foster; be
yond that point it has several bad
grades and Ion, soft stretches that
do not dry sufficientlv for an auto for
many weeks after the Spring rains
cease. But in, a dry season like this
they should be excellent and made quite
easily by any auto. Beyond Cascadia
it is not good for auto travel.
The last few miles before reaching
Caseadia wind through beautiful, shady
forest with frequent views of tile San
tiam many feet below, which has now
become a foaming mountain torrent
A number of little tributaries are
crossed and finally the stage draws up
to a large rambling frame house with
broad, restful Verandas, set in the
midst of a parklike grove of magnifi
cent trees, with soft grass underneath.
The river sings along its course a few
rods away and Soda Creek rushes into
it through a fern and flower-filled
gulch a few yards to the west. Several
springs of beneficial and pleasant-tasting
water bubble up along Soda Creek
and the water has been piped to a
bathhouse.
Many interesting side trips can be
made from here. From the hurricane
deck, three or four miles by trail, there
is a splendid view of the neighboring
E?;"8'?- .Two fine mountain streams,
filled with trput, flow into the Santiam
from two to three miles above Cas
caaia; they are Canyon and Elk Creeks.
There are other nice little creeks not
far away. Fishing should be excep
tionally good now, because the streams
are clear and the water low. This has
been an ideal Summer for outings in
the mountains. There have been no
large fires; the air is clear of smoke
and the woods are full of fragrance
from the dry ferns, herbs and conifers.
Now Is a good time to visit the San
tiam; there could not be a better time.
Beyond Cascadia, in the upper Soda
Springs, Fish Lake, Clear Lake, Mount
Washington. Three Fingered Jack and
the lava-covered summit of the range.
An old road crosses the pass, but it
is almost impassable, excent for pack
trains or light wagons. Many fisher
men visit the lakes and make large
catches. They are too remote to be
fished out. The whole region is in
cluded in the Santiam National Forrst
and there is a ranger station three
miles from Cascadia. One mav become
acquainted with the rangers and their
work, as they are glad to give infor
mation. This short article can only touch on
the attractions of the country around
Cascadia. It is hoped that some read
ers will go and see it for themselves.
Also it is hoped that the state will im
prove the road so that the hotel and
the ranchers may do better. But do
not refrain from going at the present
time n account of the road, because It
should be quite dry and hard and go
with the purpose to know more of the
beautiful scenery in vour own Oregon.
HENRY F. BLOOD.
HOW TO RAISE BUMPER CROPS
Irrigation Kvrn in. Willamette Valley
Ilenrded as Profitable Practice.
HOOD RIVER, Or., Aug. 13. (To the
Editor.) The Willamette Valley cry
for rain is heard through the press. It
is an annual cry. It need not occur.
The growers of Willamette should
visit some of the Irrigated districts
and learn how to have a bumper crop
every year.
All crops are good In the Hood River
Valley, and are every year. We do
not need rain. We have a great reser
voir that supplies moisture all the sea
son. Years ago farmers organised and
secured funds and brought Hood River
to every Inch of soil. They grow two
heavy crops of clover, and wheat and
oat hay is as abundant as ever grown
in the Willamette.
But the Willamette growers have a
much better opportunity than Hood
River growers. (1) They have better
soil. There is no better soil under the
sun than that in Willamette Valley.
(2) They have the finest flow of water.
The Clackamas, Molalla. Butte, Silver
Creek, Pudding River, Callapooya, San
tiam, McKensie, East, Middle and Coast
forks of Willamette on the east side
of Willamette River. On the west side
are the Siuslaw, Long Tom, Marys
River, Lukiemute, Yamhill and other
streams.
If the growers along these large
Btreams. all as large or larger than
Hood River, would organize irrigation
companies they could grow two or three
times the crops they now do. We can
sow clover seed here in the Spring and
get hay the first year, and next year
two heavy crops. Just across the road
from me, as- I write, a man is cutting
clover from last Spring's sowing.
J. B. LISTER.
Steamers Sunk Off Coast.
ASTORIA. Aug. 14. (To the Editor.)
(1) Please give the date thfS steamer
Rio Janeiro sank in San Francisco:
also the captain's name. (2) Also the
sinking of the Walla Walla and (3) the
steamer Columbia. SUBSCRIBER.
(1) The City of Rio de Janeiro struck
a rock off the entrance to San Fran
cisco Bay in 1901; Captain William
Ward was master; 100 lives were lost.
(2) The stea niep AValla "Walla was
sunk In collision with the French bark
Max off Cape Mendocino at 4 A. M.,
January 2. 1902. All aboard were lost.
(3) The steamer Columbia rank off
Shelter Cove July 21, 1907, after being
in collision with the steamer San Pedro,
and 88 lives were lost.
When Lent Begins.
PORTLAND, Aug. 14. (To the Bd
itor.) Will you explain what rule or
method is used to determine the date
of the first day in Lent? I understand
that the first day of Lent comes 40
days before Easter, but this informa
tion does not show what Is used an a
basis for calculating the beginning of
Lent each year. F. a. B.
Easter is always the first Sunday
following the Paschal full moon; that
is, the full moon which falls upon or
next after March 21. and If the full
moon falls on a Sunday, Easter day Is
the Sunday thereafter. To ascertain
the beginning of Lent count back 40
days, exclusive of Sundays.
In Other Days.
Twenty-Five Years Ago.
From The OreBonian, August 18, 3.S92.
Buffalo, N. Y. The Erie officials es
timate the damage already done by th
strikers is $30,000. The militia has
been called out as the company is un
able to protect property.
Washington In restoring Max
Pracht, of Ashland, Or., to his position
in the Treasury Department, the offi
cials have done justice to a man they
now acknowledge they previously
wronged.
William Collier, the comedian and
actor, made quite a hit last nigdit In
"Hoss and Hose" at the Maixjuam
Grand.
The residence of R. T. Chllders, near
Summerville, was recently destroyed
by fire.
Miss Tillte Steffen. daughter of F'ira
Commissioner Steffen, who was taken
ill at Long Branch, has been brought
home.
When E. D. McKee entered his office
in the Newmarket block, yesterday he
discovered that a burglar had been
there before him.
E. A. Hackett, the popular and ener
getic freight agent here for the Burl
ington and Mrs. Hackett. accompanied
by Mrs. L. C. Young, have gone to San
Francisco.
Half a Century Ago,
From The Oresonian, August 18. 1S6T.
E. N. Cooke, Esq., writes an interest
ing account of the Journeying of the
Oregon party through the highlands of
Scotland which is published this morn
ing. "Somnambula" is the grand opera
bill at Oro Fino Hall for tomorrow
night. Donizetti's grand comic,
"Mamma Agatha," will conclude the
performance.
The War of the Roses The excite
ment about the marshalship ran very
high In the city yesterday. The even
ing before, though the Council while
ill session, required Sir. Hoyt to go
outside the bar, thus refusing to rec
ognize him as marshal, he immediately
upon adjournment returned and took
possession of the books, papers and
other property, Mr. Rosenheim and his
deputy retiring. There were several
innings between Mr. Hoyt and Mr.
Rosenheim yesterday and the battle
promises to continue this morning.
Mr. Shepherd who arrived here yes
terday reports that the'Indians in the
vicinity of La Grande are doing con
siderable damage.
Our friend Biles has returned from
Yaquina, where he and his friends
Charley Church and Charley Pope went
for clams and etceteras. They got 'em
both. They liked the clams, but not so
the etceteras.
The Shelby (Ind.) Courier says that
of late organs In churches have become
very popular.
Man and Fashions.
Washington, D. C, Star.
Mrs. Will Irwin said at a Washington
Square tea:
"The more Immodest fashions would
disappear if men would resolutely op
pose them.
"I know a woman whose dressmaker
sent home the other day a skirt that
was, really, too short altogether. The
woman put it on.. It was becoming
enough, dear knows, but it made her
feel ashamed. She entered the library,
and her husband looked up from his
work with a dark frown.
" 'I wonder," she said, with an em
barrassed laugh, 'if these ultra-short
skirts will ever go out
" "They'll never go out with me,' ha
answered in decided tones."
Answer to Peace Proposal.
PORTLAND, Aug. 15. (To the Ed
itor.) What shall the reply of the
United States and her allies be to the
Pope's peace proposals? What better
reply than "no peace with Germany un
til the German people get rid of their
kaiser and the whole junker party in
Germany?" Then If the German peo
ple love their kaiser better than peace,
let them fight on. and victory to the
side that will guarantee a lasting peace
in the world. ' If, on the other hand,
the German people want peace more
than they want their kaiser, let them
say so and they will find a big party
here and abroad that will join hands
with them in the demands for peace.
STANLEY CHARETTE.
And the Jokesmlth Dodged,
Indianapolis News.
They were discussing that joke about
getting down off an elephant.
"How do you get down?" asked the
jokesmith for the fourth time.
"You climb down."
"Wrong!"
"You grease his sides and slide
down."
"Wrong!"
"You take a ladder and get down."
"Wrong!"
"Well, you take the trunk lino
down."
"No. not quite. Tou don't get down
off an elephant; you get it off a
goose.'
Danger of Infection.
PORTLAND, Aug. 13. (To the Edi
tor.) One of my neighbors Is Irrigat
ing his garden with the overflow from
a cesspool. Will the vegetables be
healthy and fit for food?
THOMAS REO.
There Is danger of contaminating
vegetables so irrigated where the over
flow water comes in direct contact
with them. Typhoid fever and other
epidemics have been traced to such a
source.
American Government Best.
ALBANY. Or.. Aug 13. (To the Edi
cial.i Everyone should know that the
American republican form of govern
ment is surely the best government
that has ever been organized, provided,
that all the citizens are loyal and
honest. I am of foreign birth, but I
can truly say to all the worjd, as every
other citizen of this country should
say, I thank thee. America, for the gift
so rare in making freedom possible for
me to share. W. C. T.
Art-Lovers Miss an Opportunity
To the Editor: Termlt the writer to
call attention to the fact that the art
lovers of Portland are overlooking a
marvelous painting that is being ex
hibited at the Meier & Frank audi
torium. The beautiful example of the
work of one of the world's greatest
artists is well worthy of much greater
effort than is necessary to view it.
C. H. L12ADBETTEH.
Could He Do It Sonf
Philadelphia Ledger.
"Ah. yen," said Senator Smugg, "X
got my start in life by clerking in a
humble grocery store at a salary of tl
per week, and I managed to save money
on that."
"But." said the astute reporter, "that,
of course, was before cash registers
were Invented."
Arms Abont Her.
Detroit (Mich.) Saturday Night.
"As soon as I get to camp I am going"
to send my girl a rifle and bayonet
and a sword." "Is she collecting sou
venirs?" "No, but she enjoys having
arms about her."