Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, July 06, 1917, Image 10

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Morning Oregonian., July 06, 1917, Page 10, Image 10

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Newspaper Page Text' 10 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY JTJXY 6, 1917. POETIiSD, OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon). Postofflce aa second-class mall matter. Subscription ratea Invariably In advance: (By Mall) . Ielly, Sunday Included, on year .......$3.00 Dally, Sunday Included, six months ..... 4.25 Daily, Eunday included, threa months.. 2.25 Iaily, Sunday included, ono month.. ... .. Dally, without Sunday, ooe year 6-00 Daily, without Sunday, three months.. ... 1.7o Daily, without Sunday, one month- ...... .60 Weekly, one year 1-30 Eunday, one year 2.50 Sunday and weekly 3.50 (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year ........ B.oo Dally, Sunday included, one month " Daily, without Sunday, one year ........ S.OO Daily, without Sunday, three months ... 1.75 Daily, without Sunday, one month ..... ."0 "Weekly, one year ...................... 2.50 punday, one year ...................... 2.50 Sunday and weekly 3.50 (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year S- Dally. Sunday included, one month ..... .75 How to Remit Send postofflce money or. fler, express order or personal check on your local bank, stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give postofflce address In full. Including county and state. Postage Rates 12 to 16 pages, 1 cent: 18 to 82 pages, 2 cents; 84 to 48 pages, 3 cents; SO to 64 pages, 4 cents: 62 to 76 pages. S cents; 78 to 82 pages, 6 cents. Foreign post age double ratea. Eastern Business Office Verree A Conklln, Brunswick building, New York; Verree Conklln, Steger building, Chicago; San Fran cisco representative, R. J. Bidwell, 742 Mar ket street. PORTLAND, FRIDAY, JULY , 1917. A 8TMX MAN FOB A WOODEN SHIP. There is at least ono steel manu facturer of the first rank who sees the force of the argument for building the largest possible number of wooden ships. The Manufacturers" Record of Baltimore published an editorial ap pealing to the steel manufacturers to "remove from the minds of the peo ple of this country any thought of selfishness by coming out strongly and squarely for the building of woodfcn ships." The article drew from Will iam E. Corey, president of the Midvale Steel & Ordnance Company and ex president of the United States Steel Corporation, the following telegram: I am In entire accord with your recom mendation to bnlld wooden ahlps. for ocean transportation is the alt-Important matter. Kvery ship that can be built of wood should be in the water at the earliest possible mo ment. Build ships of steel as well, but give preference to wooden vessels, aa all the steel the world can produce Is urgently required for purposes that will allow no substitution. There is an actual scarcity of steel-making materials and equipment, whereas there la an unlimited supply of wood That last sentence states the case. Steel is scarce and is needed for many other uses for which wood cannot be used. Timber is abundant, and there is great unused capacity for converting it into ships. Steel must be used in making shells, guns, warships, rails, locomotives and cars, and there is lit tle to spare from these uses. The American Railroad Commission in Russia, for example, reports that that country needs a loan of $145,000, 000 to be expended chiefly in locomo tives and cars to be built in this coun try. By building ships of steel which could have been built of wood, the Government would divert steel from uses to which no other material Is adapted. No business would be di verted from the steel mills by relying chiefly on wooden ships for transport, for the mills would still be worked to their full capacity. Hence the steel men have not even a selfish motive for opposing wooden ships. In view of these facts, the outcry In Congress and some other quarters in favor of steel and against wooden ships la Incomprehensible. FARMERS IN CONTROL. One can readily sympathize with the cause of the farmers of North Dakota. Something over two years ago 83 per cent of the voters of that state marked ballots in favor of a state terminal warehouse. It had been demonstrated by agricultural college experts that the farmers lost $65,000,000 annually through export of by-products of grain to other states and through unfair grading of grain. But under the North Dakota, sys tem it was necessary for the Legisla ture to act before the terminal ware house approved by the voters could be established. The Legislature was controlled by the politicians. They told the farmers to "go home and feed the pigs." The farmers went home. They not only fed the pigs but they organized. Today they control state politics. They liave a farmer in every office from Governor down. It is now proposed to extend the North Dakota idea to other states. It is being talked in Oregon. Here the reason for it is not exactly clear. The Legislature has been quite generous in giving the farmers laws the legisla tive committees of the Grange and Farmers' Union asked. Several un used statutes on the books bear evi dence of that. True enough, the Legislature has passed some laws these legislative committees opposed. Notably, there was the $6,000,000 road-bonding meas ure. But the voters of the state in dorsed the Legislature when it came to a test. The farmers of Oregon have been frranted a rural credit measure under the terms of which $18,000,000 in bonds may be issued. That was done by vote of the people. They now have a farmer and livestock expert in the Governor's chair. North Dakota is an agricultural state, and nothing else. All its citi zens are farmers or men who do business solely with farmers. Nothing could be more proper than that the farmers should there completely con trol the governmental machinery. Ore pon has diversified industries, in which farming is one of -.the most important. Farmers here are entitled to a voice in proportion to their strength and in terests. But there is no more real rea son why they alone should run the elate than there Is why the fishermen. or the ship carpenters, or the lumber mill workers, or the loggers should do It. In so nearly a pure democracy as Oregon there is no cause, for class or ganization that seeks to place itself in the saddle. Anything legitimate that is within reason can be obtained through the initiative. Anything plain ly injurious to established industry can be prevented by the referendum. Just now the North Dakota movement in Oregon appears to be fostered prln cipally by farmers who are profession el organizers more than they are farm era and by labor leaders who are pro fessional agitators more than they are laborers. Notwithstanding the Inroads of the automobile and the farm tractor, the demand for good horses has been shown to be greater than the supply. Horsemen point to this fact as evi dence that the people were short sighted when they frowned on the sport of racing without at the same time supplying an incentive for the breeding of fine animals. It is well known, of course, that the sport of racing was punished because it over indulged in gambling, from which, in fact, it seemed inseparable; but there is no denying that racing was per haps the greatest single influence in the improvement of the horse. Since the production of a fine strain is a matter of years and a ctly enter prise at best, it is being iirged that the Government adopt some system of subsidies to take the place of the prof its of the turf, without which it is feared that the horse-racing industry will langiiish and die. Extreme short age of good animals is emphasized by recent efforts to supply the Army for service in Europe. NAGGERS. A contributor today endeavors to star in a heroic cast the suffragettes who are picketing the White House and displaying disloyal banners in the alleged cause of equal suffrage. In the common comprehension they are naggers plain, persistent, irrecon cilable naggers. Probably everything they ever got in the past that they wanted they obtained by nagging hus band, mother, brother, sister or whom soever it was that had in his power to give it. They know no -other tac tics, so they nag and nag and nag. The militant suffragists of Great Britain, when their country was thrown into war, patriotically and with good grace abandoned their practices and joined wholeheartedly in the com mon cause of a hard-sought victory. There is work to be done in Amer ica by every woman who can give the time work that will promote their own chance to live in contlnuedS-llb-erty, peace and security. The naggers in front of the White House are doing nothing for their country nor the cause they pretend to espouse. They are en gaged solely in annoying President and statesmen who have had incalculable burdens and responsibilities placed upon them. They are making no headway with men nor do they have the sympathy and support of the wholesome womanhood of the coun try. A HEROINE OF THE GARDEN. One of the contestants In a back yard garden contest in an Ohio town is a woman 76 years old, who has gone into the affair with all the vigor of youth and a good deal more than the hopefulness of the average youngster. She says, indeed, that she is certain to win a prize; and why? Because she has had the kind of experience that counts. At the time of the Civil War every male member of her family enlisted in the Army and she was left at home to do all the work of the farm. She was successful; those who returned to the place after peace was declared found the farm in apple-pie order and free of debt. Those were trying times, as the older generation still remembers, but too many of the younger ones are prOne to forget. It is well that we have left from Civil War days some who can serve us in so practical a way as turn ing their experiences to account, and also furnishing us with new inspira tion. Who is there with a heart for slacking," in the kitchen garden or anywhere else, while this grandmoth erly old lady is bravely laboring in her garden with her hoe? Not many. It is safe to say. It is not that younger Americans are not as patriotic as their fathers and mothers not at all. They are not so deeply Impressed with the necessity of the things that are being done. It is to be hoped they may never be com pelled to learn the lesson by grim ex perience, but while they are waiting they would do well to take a leaf from the old veterans' books. MODERNIZING SHAKESPEARE. Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree will be associated, in any serious estimates of him as a player, not only with amaz ing versatility and sincere devotion to his art, but with quite the most spec tacular effort in a generation to "mod ernize" Shakespeare for the audience of the present day. Ellen Terry in her reminiscences tells of the efforts of Sir Herbert to invent new "busi ness," as stagefolk call It, for Intro duction into "The Merry Wives of Windsor," and the realism of his pro duction of "The Tempest" was a nine days wonder in the mimic world. Naturally there was a storm of criti cism. Realism and literalism thun dered back and forth. The Victorians and the moderns, the strict and the liberal interpreters of the playwright, filled the air with protest and defense, and encomium and lamentation. Shakespeare was content with the simplest of stage settings, it is true. but eminent critics agree that he was. after all, a master craftsman, and that he wrote plays for the stage and not primarily for reading in the library. Was the limited paraphernalia he em ployed the result of the poverty of in vention and the primitive methods of his day, or a studied effort to cultivate the imaginatory powers of hi3 audi ences? Would Shakespeare, if he lived today, scorn to employ the mechanical resources of the stage carpenter and the scene painter, or would he. ask the theatergoer to picture to himself the little details, while he hung with all the more rapt attention upon the act ors' words? Those who believe that Shakespeare was the most modern of men, in his time, will agree with Sir Herbert that he would have scorned no artifice to intensify the impression upon the theatergoer; but there will always re main a large body of those to whom all change is sacrilege, and every ef fort to make modern the work of a master is a tampering with the sacred books. "One cannot change the cate chism" is still a fundamental in the creed of many a hero-worshiper. It would be an interesting expert ment, if it could be made to pay, to "put on" some of the Shakespearean masterpieces precisely as he produced them. This sort of thing has been done, at rare intervals and in the in terests of minute historical accuracy, but it cannot be said to have given promise of becoming an established custom. It may be true that the stage is groping toward the spirit, and would like to leave out the minor mummeries, but it is a question whether any man ager could follow the spirit policy to its logical conclusion and keep out of the bankruptcy courts. We do not visualize as readily as our forefathers did; at least, it seems so. We have too many helps; too many things are put into our minds and our hands and before our eyes. The motion pictures. leaving absolutely nothing to the im agination, have completed the work. We are as far as possible from the day when a table and a few chairs could be made to represent anything, from a mountain to a battlefield. Still, it is a question whether, as a whole people, we are losing our power of visualization. Now, virtually every man, woman and child is a theater goer; the stage no longer cafcr to more or less select class. The modern ists will contend that this has come about because the play, with its trap pings, has been brought within the reach of everyone. It may be that our intellectual classes" still can put the playwright's work above the gorgeous scenery and all, but the box office is concerned with the multitude, and events show that it has judged the crowd well. Art may be art, but it has to be made to pay. This question, raised by the English actor who has just died, loses none of its interest from the fact that it never will have a final answer. The right and wrong of it will continue to de pend upon the point of view. It is noteworthy that Sir Herbert aban doned the attempt to make "Hamlet" gorgeous, and found that he could get more suggestive effects from simple curtains, but this only shows his adaptability, and does not prove that he was mistaken in other respects. He had the courage or the temerity to attempt seventeen of Shakes peare's roles, and it is a tribute to him that he is chiefly remembered as a Shakespearean actor, although he had done many other things. In "Jim the Penman," "Trilby," "Darling of the Gods," "The Musketeers," in Maeter linck and Ibsen, and even in Oscar Wilde's "A Woman of No Importance," he made a mark, always realistically. No doubt his stage methods swelled his audiences. And if the actor does, as a matter of fact, have a message to convey, is it not better that he should carry it to as numerous a following as possible? LETTERS TO THE FRONT. It is a broadly humanitarian move- meat that proposes that citizens who are not likely to be called to the colors prepare to contribute something to the wellbelng of the soldiers by arranging to exchange letters with them after they reach the front. For the large number of soldiers who have home ties, this will not be called for; but there are many others to whom the letter from home" will be a positive godsend in many a lonely hour. There is nothing that so conveys the per sonal touch, nothing that so holds the sense of nearness, and nothing that makes news as interesting as a letter. Even the home newspaper cannot compete with It. This is a work that can well be un dertaken by the foster fathers and the foster brothers of the home guard. They will do well to lay the founda tion now. The letter from the stranger obviously does not quite take the place of the letter from an acquaintance. Several church organizations have taken up the matter, by way of call- ng attention to its importance, but the Individual citizen need not wait on any formal organization. He can begin to make acquaintances now, and choose his correspondents as time and occasion serve. He will do well not to attempt too much; not to try to do more than he can do conscientious ly and weU. The benefits, spiritual and other wise, will be mutual. It will be an inspiration to the man at home to be thus "in touch" by actual contact with the individual, with big personal sacri fices that are being made for him abroad. It will help the stay-at-home to break out of his complacent shell of self-satisfaction and security. He will not only be doing something, in his own way, but he will be absorbing the fine spirit of the whole adventure. He will even be moved to other efforts, to personal sacrifices of which he does not now know himself to be capable. WHOSE FREEDOM IS IN DANGER T The Lever food-control bill Is so furiously denounced by Senator Reed and his fellow-obstructionists that, in order to learn the merits of their criti cism, it is necessary to ascertain the character and the practices of the men whom they defend against what Mr. Reed calls "a power such" as no Caesar ever employed over a conquered prov ince In the bloodiest days of Rome's bloody despotism." He posed "as the champion of a free people against des potism. He likened the proposed con troller of food to George III and the Kaiser. He assumed the heroic atti tude of Patrick Henry exclaiming: Give me liberty or give me death." Whose freedom to do what things was Mr. Reed championing? This ap pears in the speeches made in the House in support of the bill. Concrete examples were there given of the sort of practices which the President, through Mr. Hoover, would be given power to stop. Representative Till man, of Arkansas, read a statement from an Arkansas farmer, supported by a mass of documentary evidence. to prove charges in regard to several shipments of peaches to a Chicago commission firm that he "'found fifty two separate and distinct frauds com mitted." As to one shipment to a St. Louis firm, he showed that it was reconslgned to another firm, that both firms charged commission and that in the account the "amount sold for, amount of freight paid and commis sion are both false and fraudulent." As to. the practice of charging double commission, though the original con slgnee does no service, this farmer said: Three reputable commission merchants of St. Lula made the statement that this was common practice in St. Iouls. and that It Is now beting done regularly. Under this system of business it Is possible to recon- lgn the shippers goods clear out of ex istence. He "got no assistance from any member of the Western Fruit Job bers' Association or the National League of Commission Merchants and some of them flatly refused to tell me the price they paid for these goods." He says: Tn some fruit-growing sections of Ar kansas the growers have been cheated out of thetr fruit year after year, and many or chards have been abandoned, 'especially peach orchards, and unless some legislative protection is given them, peach-growing will decline to a point of home consumption. - Mr. Tillman cited another example of 1050 watermelons for which the farmer received 5 cents each, or a total of $52.50, while the con sumer paid 60 cents each, or a total of $630. A shipment of forty-one baskets of peaches was reported three baskets short and the other thirty eight sold for $17.75, but the charges amounted to $13.59, leaving only $4.16 for the producer. Representative Young, of North Da kota, told how the Northwestern grain grower is in the power of a monopoly formed by the Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce. Though that body has nominally 6 50 seats, many are held by retired or inactive members, large commission or milling firms hold two to twenty seats each, and the Chamber Is controlled by less than 100 firms. Many of the smaller firms are sub sidiaries of the larger ones, so that In the end the Chamber "is a monop oly controlled by seven powerful firms or corporations," whose "voice Is heard in bank directorates" and whose "rep resentatives are found in all lines of business throughout the Northwest," How does this monopoly work? Notes of farmers" elevators are not accepted for rediscount by the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, and the discrimination has been so scandalous that "United States Treasurer Burke went even to the extent of declaring that, if conditions were not remedied, he would use his influence toward abolishing the Minneapolis reserve bank and transferring its business to another." The submissive dealers "have no trouble in financing their purchases of the farmers' grain." They buy the grain soon after threshing, when shipments are heavy and the farmers' price is low, hold the grain until the price rises and get the bene fit. Many local banks help to finance the farmers' elevators, but the reserve bank does not, and the farmers are not strong enough to finance and hold their grain in the country elevators. According to Mr. Toung, this is what happens: As soon as they ship It to the market it passes out of farmers hands, for there is no real public terminal elevator In Ihn Northwest, excepting the one-half million- bushel elevator of the .Equity Co-operative Exchange, at St. Paul. There are so-called public elevators, but let a farmer present a carload of grain or a tralnload of grain, for mat matter, xor storage la one or. these al leged public elevators, and he is invariably informed that the elevator is full; or if he chances to know of empty bins he is told that they are out of order and must be re paired, and that, therefore, his grain can not be taken in. If he goes to the great flour mills to sell his wheat direct to the millers, he is told that the milla confine their purchases to the "regular channels," namely, the Cham ber of Commerce. The Individual farmer can neither get storage nor a valid sale for any grain In the greatest grain market of the world. He la at thetnercy of the Cham ber or. commerce. When Mr. Reed poses as th'e cham pion of freedom, he does not defend the freedom of the whole people. He defends the freedom of dishonest com mission men and of grain monopolies. These combinations use their freedom to discourage production of food. Suc cess of the United States In war re quires that food production be In creased by assuring a fair price to the producer and by cutting down the ex orbitant profits of the middleman so that the consumer shall pay less. Only the parasites of business have anything to fear, and Mr. Reed is their cham pion. Already the United States is begin ning to realize the benefits of sov ereignty over the Virgin Islands. Ex ports from the group to New York in May were valued at $106,985 as com pared with $28,374 in May, 1916. So trade does follow the flag sometimes. Evidence multiplies that the I. W. W., from its role of common nuisance. Is rising to the importance of a Na tional enemy. A few more disclosures like those at Scranton, Pa., and Globe, Ariz., will be a severe tax on the tol erance of the American people. Aeroplane trips across the Atlantic at a cost of $1 a mile are confidently predicted by an aircraft maker, and it is just as safe to predict that there will be a big demand for rate regula tion within a year after the new serv ice is established. There used to be an ordinance, and may still be, declaring that woodpiles must be removed from the curblines within a specified time. If existing, there ought to be declared some kind of municipal "moratorium" in the premises. Now and then something occurs to Increase popular respect of the Su preme Court, as, for example, when the fines imposed on rowdy defend ants in a lower court are increased by the higher tribunal. The five troops of regulars will han dle the armed strikers at Globe, never fear. The striker nowadays will like wise show respect for the National Guard anywhere but in East St. Louis. In all the recruiting figures, it is pleasing to note that Oregon contin ues well toward the top in compari sons of quotas with numbers of vol unteers. The new censorship is bound to be trying on the nerves, but the people can be patient if it is shown that American lives are really saved there by. It would be comforting if the steam ship commanders who believe they sink U-boats could produce a bit of the wreck to set all doubts at rest. Germans who did not surrender vol untarily will get the iron cross when they return and those who did so sur render will not dare go home. It is evident the assistant cashier at St. Anthony, Idaho, alleged to have embezzled $170,000, has not taken a vacation in ten years. From a military viewpoint, the Ger man air raids on England would seem to fall far short of being worth what they are costing. If slabs are not food, they are needed to prepare the food and Mr. Hoover ought to be able to remedy the trouble. Poland is pinning more hope on the prospect of Russian than of German victory in making its plans for future government. The 18,000 Teutons who surrendered In two days must have done it through sheer amazement at the fighting Rus sians. It will take one whole ship to hold the Christmas boxes that will go to the Oregon boys in France. The per capita of money in this country is $45.86 and if you haven't got it, whose is the fault? You can tell an Eastern school ma'am on sight, but that's about all you can tell her. The sacrifice In a sane Fourth Is well repaid in the small list of casual ties. The Boy Scouts could mobilize for cherry picking and find it great fun. The French call our boys "Sammies' and "Teddies." Which will stick? A small increase in pay of a' tele phone girl makes a big difference. Join the ranks of the berry pickers and call it a vacation. The good provider is known by the size of his slab pile. How to Keep WelL By Dr. W. A. Evans. Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation and prevention of disease, if matters of gen eral interest, will be answered in this col umn. "Where space will not permit or the subject is not suitable, letters will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions and where stamped addressed envelope is inclosed. Ir. Etui win not make diagno sis or prescribe for individual diseases. He quests for such services cannot be answered. (Copyright, 11(18, by Dr. W. A. Evana Published by arrangement with the Chicago Tribune.) A TYPHOID LESSON, TUB: California Board of Health re ports an Interesting: epidemic of water-borne typhoid fever from which several lessons useful in everyday life can be drawn In the Fall and Winter of 191 840 men were employed in building the San Pablo dam in Contra, Costa County. A temporary camp was established In September. This camp was without toilet facilities. In October the perma nent camp was built half a mile below the dam and temporary camp was opened. This temporary camp was equipped with water-flushed toilets, shower baths, washstands. and an ex cellent water supply derived from un polluted springs. This unusual provision for the wel fare of workers in a construction camp went for naught because of lack of wisdom in one essential feature. An accessory water supply taken from the creek was used theoretically only for watering stock and washing. The break resulted in an epidemic of ty phoid, in which there . were 52 cases. The state referee awarded compensa tion for damages in favor of the em ployes and against the company. The kitchen and dining-rooms were supplied with spring water only. None of the kitchen or dining-room help got ty phoid. On Nov. t water drawn from San Pablo creek was turned into the mains In the lower part of the camp, mixing with such water as could reach these mains from the spring supply. While the camp was well equipped, with toilet facilities, the men at work on the dam had no alternative except to pollute the eolL Their excreta washed into the creek. The epidemic began the latter part of November. New cases stopped developing when the water was chlorinated on December 12. Of the men who developed typhoid four drank water from the creek direct, 11 used the water from the mixed sup ply for brushing their teeth and wash lng their hands, but they did not drink any of it; 37 drank water from the mains In the lower part of the camp. The first lesson is one that has been repeated scores of times, but somehow we never seem to learn it. It is that it is unsafe to have a double water supply one pure and one polluted. The second lesson is that typhoid fever can be contracted by using pol luted water with which to brush the teeth and wash the hands. The third relates to the incubation period of typhoid fever. One man after a drunk lasting several days came to work in the camp. He had a next-day thirst and drank excessively of the polluted water. On the third day he had symptoms of typhoid. Another case had an incubation period of three days two had periods of four days; two had Incubation periods of 14 days. It would seem that the incubation period, while generally seven to 10 days, may range from one to 14 days, according to the size of the dose of typhoid bacteria swallowed. Another lesson is that treating a bad ly polluted water with chlorine will make it safe. " And the final lesson is that the prec edent has been again established for holding employers responsible for ty phoid fever due to a bad water supply in an Industrial establishment. Diabetes. Worried writes: "A man 35 years old la, found to have diabetes. His doctor says, there is quite a bit of sugar in urine. "1. What are his chances for recov- ery? "2. What are symptoms for the worse? "3. How long could a man of his age carry the disease before It proves fatal V REPLY. 1. The chances are good, provided the man will regulate his life and particularly his eating. 2. Increase In the percentage of sugar. tendency to bolls, persisting cough, changes in weight not accounted for by change In diet, albuminuria, acidosis. 3. I have known men with diabetes to live 23 years after the disease develops. Your man might reach 70. Endocarditis. L. B. S. writes: "What is the cause of endocarditis of the heart? Is It brought on by some other illness and is it curable?" BEPLT. Endocarditis Is inflammation of the lining membrane of the heart. It Is especially ap plied to inflammation of the valvea. Bac teria in the blood stream cause endocarditis. The bacteria of rheumatism are the most frequent cause. Among others It la caused by the bacteria of scarlet fever and other forms of contagion. The outlook of cases of endocarditis varies. Borne canes are neces sarily and rapidly, fatal. Some get well. Some develop chronto conditions. Some are latent for many years. .Eligible. Farmer Boy writes: "I have noticed information about physical require ments for enlistment printed in the "How to Keep Well" space. I am 22 years old. 6 feet 2 Inches tall, and weigh 165 pound. Have had appendix removed a few years ago. A tube was inserted for drainage and wound healed with an ugly depression where tube was. Would any of these points keep me from being accepted?" REPLY. ' No. Horse Laugh In Literature. PORTLAND, July 5. (To the Edi tor.) What Is meant by giving anyone "the horse laugh" and what is the earliest example In history or litera ture? . MRS. R. G. A. A "horse laugh" Is a loud, coarse, boisterous laugh such as we may Imag ine a horse would utter if it were a laughing animal. In latter usage the "horse laugh" Is derisive as well as boisterous. The term Is found In Pope's "Epilogue to Satires (1738)" "A horse laugh. If you please, at honesty"; also in Goldsmith's "Good-Natured Man" "On my conscience, I believe she could spread a horse laugh through the pews of a tabernacle." It is also found in Samuel Richardson's "Clarissa Har lowe," of about the same period, and Dickens used It later. PATRIOTISM MEASURED IN COIN These Who Subscribe te That Deetrlme Likely te Leara mistake. AIRLIE. Or, July 4. (To the Ed itor.) We are told that 21 out of the 32 new Army camp sitea were given to the Southern states on account of the favorable climate. In these days it may be our patriotic duty to swallow every excuse of an Administration which was dragged into the war for freedom against Its will. If It Is true that military camps are bing placed in states that favored the Administration et the polls, and states that did their duty in responding to the Hth-hour call for preparedness are be ing alighted in the business way. it confirms the suspicion of many. It tella us plainly that while Republicans must become Americans, it is perfectly pa triotic for Democrats to remain loyal Democrats. But Democrata of Oregon, and other states, too, might well re member that this war Is going to mean much more to us than a mere chance to make money. It means the assump tion of a duty that we had shirked prior to the last election. It la to be hoped when the Government's call for men and money reaches us time after time that Oregon will forget the nar rowness of the controlling policy and subscribe freely to the cause which we hold dear. Near me lives a rancher who had planned to build a new barn In 1917. He had saved for It and looked for ward to it. On his gate post a little flag flutters to the breeze. From this one might suspect he was a patriotic American. And he has decldedJo post pone building his barn. Why? Be cause he claims that this is the time to make money, not spend It. Need I tell you that he voted to keep us out or war? We boast that we are not going to war to win freedom for ourselves alone. but for the whole world, and we loaned money to our allies upon the condition that It tn to be spent in the United States. We want to be sure whatever we do that we don't miss our money. What would people say if Oregon made ner donation upon the terms that it be spent in Oregon? Sooner or later we will awaken to the fact that there Is more at stake than the dripping dollars. Our srob lem just now is to overcome the handi cap of two years' postponed prepared ness imposed upon us by the Adminls tratlon in whom we are asked to place our confidence, iet us forest the dol lars that are going from Oregon and remember our sacred obligation to the grandest nag this world has ever flown. E. B. BIRKENBEUEL. Sailor 1-a.d a Waust Correspondents. NEWPORT. R, L. June 28. (To the iiditor.) The writer has taken it upon himself to enlist you in endeavoring to securs for us some nice girU to write to. We all are products of the West and Northwest and several have been in Portland. Practically all of us are from three to four thousand miles away from home and would very much like to corre spond with some of your clty'B fair ones who would enjoy writing to us sailor laddies. We have all come from refined fam Hies and are well educated and have shown our patriotism by enlisting: without being compelled to. We are now training to become yeomen in the .Navy. Should you be so kind as to favor us, kindly make our address known. Please find below the names of the boys who would like to correspond with some young women: Charles E. Downey. James P. Arbuth not, Gordon E. Trewbltt. Ivan H. Loer. Howard T. Faulk. Barracks A Tent A. rsavai 1 raining station, Newport. R. I. renonaiir. i can refer you to the Rev. Dr. Leas, of the West Park-street Lutheran Church. CHARLES E. DOWNEY. Conscription of Actors. PORTLAND. July B. (To the Edl tor.) (1) Mrs. A's husband Is an actor. rtegistratlon was made here. He Is now in the East. If selected for draft would the Government pay his fare uac-K to Portland? (2) Could the Government compel him to support her and baby, or would they give him dishonorable dischare-e from the Army if he failed to do so? C said they would. Is he right? MRS. PAYBTON. (1) No. Men registered are required to keep track of draft in order to learn If their names have been drawn. These names will be published. If absent from their precinct of registration they must return, when drafted, at their own expense. (2) At present It Is not the intention to call men who have dependents to support. Should men with dependents be called later, undoubtedly provision would be made for a separation allow ance, partly payable by the Govern ment, partly from wages of the man. Modern Conception of Lrica. PORTLAND, July 6. (To the Edi tor.) Permit me to say a word to Mr. Charles Logle Richardson: uoa gives women their legs and men vulgarize them: try to get God's point of view. You grew up in a generation of men that regarded a woman's low er extremities as a sex symbol: to day's ybung men regard them as a sym bol of elasticity and usefulness. If Peter is a nice, modern chap he isn't at all conscious or a girl's legs, ex cept that they carry her most effi ciently along country roads on Jolly tramps and beat bim out often in ten nis and other sports demanding agility and staying power. The sex consciousness of your gen eration is one of the nightmares of the past, gone along with dirt-trailing skirts and fainting fits. Wake up, and don't worry about Peter, who, I have no doubt, is a nice, clean-minded young chap, rather ashamed of his old fogy uncle a point or view. A. s. MONROE. Good Polities Poor Business. PORTLAND, July 5. (To the Edi tor.) I have noticed the articles about fuel shortage and the statement that the city might go Into the wood busi ness to relieve the situation. We remember the fiasco known as the "municipal woodyard." Result, the loss of looo cords of wood. Now. 1000 cords of wood will make a pile eight feet high and 15 V blocks long. Including the cross streets. Imag lne this wood piled in the middle of Washington street a pile eight feet high reaching from Front street to Fifteenth street Such a bulky and conspicuous "stock" lost to the city should stand as a mon ument to the business capacity (?) of the man who handled the deal. The remark of a shrewd fellow de pendent upon the City Hall for a liv ing seems to fit the case: "Cracking good politics, but damn poor business.' TAXPAYER. Colors In Army. EUGENE, Or., July 4. (To the Edi tor.) Please publish what the differ ently colored cords worn around the hats of our soldiers signify. What color Is worn by the infantry, the cav airy, the artillery, the medical corps, the signal corps, the engineers, etc? INTEREST lit" SUhUUliBUI, Infantry, light blue: cavalry, yellow; artillery, scarlet; medical corps, ma roon; signal corps, orange piped with white; engineers, scarlet piped with white; ordnance department, black piped with scarlet; quartermaster de partment, buff: officers' hat cords, gold bouillon and black silk intermixed; en gineer reserve officers, red, white and blue hat cords. In Other Days. Twenty-five Years Ace. From The Oregonlaa of July . 1SS3. Washington. W. J. rmnhll re cently-named chairman of the Repub lican National Committee, has declined the honor because of a itrAH nf Htiai. less. Prominently mentioned now mrm Commissioner Carter. J. H Uanley. of oiaine, samuei r essenden. of New Hampshire and Mr. Hobart, of New Salem July 5. While Ka-ritimr a. firecracker last evening Maud Dawson. aged 7. waa badly burned. She lighted a match which fell to the ground and she unconsciously sat down so that the name caught her dress. Mrs. Harrison, of Salem, was stric'ten 'ith namlvaia whll. .l-ii 1 , J . "U'lia ftu U tric car Thursday. Frank Rummelin has returned from trip to Alaska. He found things in State Of disorder on ar-onunt e ,- capture of so many sealers. Numerous friends of General Wllllim Kapus are congratulating him on his appointment as Consul to Sydney, New fuuia naiea. Miss Taliaferro and Miss Elaar. of San Francisco, are visiting Mrs. I. C. arrar. P. F. Morey has returned from a hurried business trip to the East. R. C. Smith's handsome naeer. Sorrel Frank, last night dropped dead after a runaway on the White House road In wnicn air. fcmlth was badly hurt- It is supposed the spirited animal hunt a blood vessel or died from heart fail ure after the excitement. Half a Cemtnry Agio. From The Oregonlan of July 6, 1887. LOUlSVllle. Mav SO. An tmmmm - ,, dience gathered here at the unveiling of the statue to Henry Clay today. Joel nan was me artist. There belnsr no nrevloua rr,nrm.ni for the usual celebration of the Fourth of July in Portland, many who re mained within the limits of the city "went it alone" and eneaared themselves as best they might. Very little of In terest, however, transpired until lata in the day, when the ancient and honor- aDie society of "Honoris" made a very sudden appearance upon our streets. Of the procession of members, we can not give a very fair description. Our patriotism swallowed our curiosity as a reporter, so we were Induced to Join this inharmonious crowd of iubi.antu and render our inefficient services 1j assisting the celebrators of the glorious oia-iasnioned fourth of July in glo rious oia-iasnionea manner. The Oregon City woolen mills hava ceased operation for a couple of months. The Pioneer hjiRdhall plnh n Tx-4 i - defeated the Clackamas club of Oregon -ny, o o to . on xnursday. July 4. On the Pioneer team were: Quacken bush, Buchtel. Wadhams, Wltherell, G. Steel, Minor, r. Baughman. DeHuff and V. Cook. On the Clackamas team were: Barclay, Pope. Fellows. Bridges. Randall, Zigler, Harding, Shepherd and Chapman. WOMEN HEROES AND MARTYRS Pickets la Wn.hinalo. Said to Be Furthering Clime of Equal Suffrage. PORTLAND, July G. (To the Edi tor.) That the tactics of the woman's party in its struggle for justice and freedom for all women has met with such adverse criticism through the columns of The Oregonian is due to a superficial survey of the situation, I am sure, ana not any intention of retarding the progress of the Federal amendment, which Is so Imminent now, and due to the very activities which you have condemned. The tactics of the party In picketing the White House and Congress are In pursuit of a well-considered plan, and that it is meeting with desired re sults is evidenced by the press com ments all over the world. The object lesson of women silently bearing their colors, presenting their banners witn their plea for liberty and their rightful place in the world democracy for which our Nation is at war, ofttimes clothed in the words of America's central figure of today, has been a very strong factor In changing the status of the suffrage situation in this country from an issue of no poli tical importance, receiving no recogni tion from (Jongress at the infrequent peripatetic instances it was brought forward, to the live issue it Is today, a war measure demanding immediate consideration. The Democratic National Committee at their National headquarters In the Woodward building, Washington, D. C, voted last week to urge the President to call the two houses of Congress to gether and recommend the immediate passage of the Susan B. Anthony suf frage amendment to the Constitution of the United States, and I venture to say a record of the mental processes through which this Important action was brought about would show silent, patient women bearing standards of purple, white and gold smiling, patient wor..en making historic the words of democratic idealism proces sions of marching sentinels bearing their banners through rain and storm serious, determined pickets at their breakfast of prison ia. e. FLORENCE SHARP MAN ION. MANY FAIL TO THINK NATURALLY Misdirected Thought Mara Some of Brightest Intellect a. VANCOUVER. Wash., July 4. (To the Editor.) You publish a letter under the heading "Hunt for Big Men Still On." In It there Is much material for reflection. Yes! Jeremiah was capable of thought- He realized that a given occasion called . for a man capable of sensing existing conditions In a natural manner. Diogenes hoped to discover those who could sense nature. Mr. Wilson did not hope to teach the Princeton class to think;' rather. - he hoped to teach them how to think, that is, to think naturally, to see nature as It really is, rather than contemplate a mirage. All mankind can think, but many, even those of marked brilliancy of thought, think wrongly. Let us not imagine that the astrolo ger, alchemist and metaphysician of old did not think vividly. Many of those were Intellectual phenomenons, yet to us of today their best thought is ridiculous. During the 17th and 18th centuries theology attracted some of the bright est minds within Christendom, yet to day their writings are turned over to the junk man. Any who have read the works of Rev. Cotton Mather will be convinced that his was an intellect of unusual power, but through unnatural thought became intensely vicious and malevolent. Probably the greatest recent proof of our misconception, or unnatural thought, is found in our national effort to abate the European strife through prayer (November 4. 1914). And again through a pilgrimage accompanied by a pet squirrel, a tame pigeon and a lot of ol hens. We think, but our Ignorance pre cludes the possibility of thinking naturally. Ignorance is the one and only sin, first last and all the time and a sin which nature never falls to punish. AMOS.