the aioRxrxG oregoxian, Wednesday, jtjxy 4, 1917.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JULY 4, 1917.
REDUCING THE GERMAN SUPPLY.
Despite restrictions, it is now . re
vealed that neighboring neutrals have
made enormous shipments to Germany
of essential foods, such as butter, lard,
sausages and pork products, that
would not have been possible if they
had not been replaced by shipments
from America. It is probably true
that in this way American products
alone have made it possible to supply
deficiencies in the Teutonic ration, and
to give the soldiers of our enemy the
full fare which they have boasted they
have always been able to obtain.
While we were out of the war, our
position as a neutral required that we
should Insist on the right to trade
with other neutrals. Now that we are
belligerent, we shall see to it that no
aid, direct or indirect, reaches the
enemy. Neutrals will be permitted to
receive no more food from us than
they would need to make up the
difference between tneir requirements
and their own production plus what
they would be able to receive from all
other sources. Thus they will be com
pelled either to keep their food at
home or go without it on their own
tables.
This pressure may quite conceivably
be as much a factor in determining
the outcome as the military aid we are
able to give. Evidence multiplies that
the German food situation is really
acute. An account published in a
newspaper at The Hague, telling of
the recent experiences of a Hollander
who was forced to leave Munich be
cause of famine conditions, confirms
this view. He says that sugar is sel
dom obtainable, and that the butter
card allowance of three and a half
ounces a week to each person is a
ghastly Joke, because few are able to
obtain that, much, with or without
cards. Potatoes no longer are obtain
able to the full amount of the per
mitted ration. The straits to which
the country is reduced are further in
dicated by this extract from the Hol
lander's story:
Once a relative In Holland sent me a few
potatoes and a little butter. It took the
goods a fortnight to reach me. Then I re
ceived a notice that for the rest of the cur
rent distribution period of twelve months
I would not get the customary butter mark,
as the amount 1 had received was equiva
lent to the allowance. Once I got a nice
present of bacon, with the result that my
meat card was suspended for nine months,
although it la quite Impossible to keep meat
longer than a few days.
This applies, of course, to the civil
ian population. The usual sacrifices
are being made to keep the army in
good condition. But if it is true that
we have, in effect, been feeding that
army, then a change is due. And
while we prepare for a long war, it
is the duty of our Government to
omit no economic measure that might
shorten it. Rigid regulation of our
trade is therefore second in impor
tance only to actual military opera
tions in the conduct of the war.
"WITH THE JACKET ON."
Science having come to the support
of the potato cooked "with the jacket
on," it remains only for some arbiter
elegantiarum to decree it a fashion
to make the complete tuber the piece
de resistance of the American table.
Preliminary crop reports indicate that
production in the country at large
will be greatly speeded up this year,
but it is not commonly appreciated
by consumers that they waste not only
much actual bulk but many valuable
food elements by the manner of cook
ing and serving now commonly in
vogue.
W. H. Hudson, who writes in the
National Review, tells of the. horror
he felt when, on a visit to England,
he was served with a "sodden mass
of flavorless starch and water" that
went by the name of potato there.
It was no wonder that the people re
belled at being expected to subsist on
so uninvitjng a dish. Tet there are
other considerations beside esthetic
ones, as the writer proceeds to point
out, that make it advisable to cook
the potato properly and with the skin
on.
In peeling, valuable elements that
are concentrated near the surface are
sacrificed. And those who scrape
their potatoes, thinking to prevent
waste in that way, are only providing
a way for the water to enter and dis
solve the salts that are so important
to a well-balanced diet. These are
lost, it is not necessary to add,' when
the water in which the vegetable is
cooked is thrown away.
Many a useful food has thus ac
quired a bad name through the fault
of the cook. It is true of rice, too,
which we are likely to be compelled
to eat in increasing quantities as a
substitute for other grains, and which
is delicious when cooked fast but
only sticky when allowed to simmer
for hours. So it is important that
our cooks shall be brought up to the
minute and taught to co-operate in
our efforts to adjust ourselves to the
new food situation. The potato offers
a splendid opportunity for practice,
because the recipe is so simple. It is
merely to cook it before peeling,
and in the case of the baked potato
no harm will be done to the most deli
cate .digestion if it is eaten skin
and all.
If the documentary evidence un
earthed by the police in the room of
Fireman Sontag is borne out, it will
reveal Sontag as a remarkable char
acter in more ways than one. It seems
that he kept a diary, complete over
a period of years. This in itself
distinguishes him from the common
run. How many men have begun a
diary, filled with high resolve, and
how many have been able to keep
it up beyond, say, the ides of March,
or, in extreme cases, to the Fourth of
July? Since the days of Samuel Pepys,
men who could start a daily record of
their downsittings and uprisings and
stick to it have been as scarce as
proverbial hens' teeth, while failures
have been as numerous as autumnal
leaves that strow the brooks in Val
lombrosa. It is one of those trifling
duties that it seems almost impossible
to perform, like exercising with a
health-lift, while in theory it ought
to be as easy as winding the clock.
Some Binet test should be applied to
Sontag right away. If he has really
kept a diary without a miss he is a
man in a million one in a couple of
hundred thousand, anyway.
A NEW1 FOURTH OF JULY. .
Freedom is not shrieking today and
the Eagle has the soft pedal on the'
scream. The man who reads the Dec
laration of Independence tt the gath
ering thinks to himself that George
the Third was not such a bad old scout
at all and wishes it had proper allu
sion to Kaiser Wllhelm. Even the
orator who scrapes a handful of foam
from the clouds and looks at it easily
can imagine it is a handful of powder.
From Passamaquoddy to Puget,
from the northernmost township of
North Dakota to the waves of the
Gulf, this Nation celebrates its first
real grimjFourth of July. There have
been others of intensity, but they had
rays of hope soon to illume the dark
ness of despair. Then we were at war
for freedom of the few.. Now it-i3
for the freedom of the world.
It Is a sane and saving Fourth.
Nobody will miss the nfltse of cannon
nor the sputter of fireworks. We are
saving our powder for effective work
and we are saving the price of "frivol
ities for the solace of the stricken.
We are a new kind of Americans
today. With the sword of righteous
ness in one hand and comfort for the
wounded in the other, we are seeking
the goal of liberty. We will win we
cannot help win, as our progenitors of
1776 won and as their descendants of
1861 won. In this spirit today the
United States of America sends the
message to the world that we are no
longer the Nation of the dollar, but
a solidly welded people whose great
and only aim is justice to all.
Today, July 4, 1917, we affirm our
allegiance to the principles enunciated
141 years ago with the assurance of
a body grown wise with years.
HUNT DOWN THE REAL INSTIGATORS.
Not without a sense of shame can
the American people read of the out
break of mob murder and incendiar
ism at East St. Louis, or of the failure
to deal sternly with the rioters. Race
prejudice, combined with opposition
by white men to employment of ne
groes, has reduced this Illinois city to
a state of anarchy, in which deeds of
barbarism are committed which match
those of the Germans in Belgium and
other conquered countries. We must
not, however, lose sight of the fact
that the brutal treatment of the Bel
gians is the result of orders given by
the German government, while the
murders, outrages and fires in East
St. Louis are the work of mobs which
defy the Government. All the more is
it the duty of the Illinois authorities,
and, if they fail, of the National Gov
ernment, to take stern measures for
restoration of peace and order and for
punishment of the mob leaders. Only
militia with orders to shoot, even shoot
to kill, can deal effectively with a
frenzied mob.
It may be more than coincidence
that these riots break out simultane
ously with strikes at the copper mines
of Butte and Arizona and in the lum
ber region of Northern Idaho which
are accompanied by violence at the in
stigation of the Industrial Workers of
the World and with threats of a strike
in New York shipyards. The I. W. W.
is frankly lawless, hostile'to the Gov
ernment and openly opposed to con
scription for the war; in fact, to the
war itself. It is a tool ready to the
hand of agents working secretly in the
interest of the National enemy, for it
has astute, unscrupulous leaders who
might not be loath to receiving for
eign pay for blocking the production
of such necessary war materials as
copper, lumber and ships. Its mem
bers in the main are ignorant, recent
immigrants who have not formed any
attachment to this country and who
may be deeply interested in the suc
cess of our enemies.
It would be folly for the Govern
ment not to act upon the knowledge
that the declaration of war has not
ended German activity in this country,
but has only driven it underground
while rendering it more vicious. The
persons of German birth who fight the
United States while living under its
protection are doubtless a very small
proportion of the whole number in
American territory, but by working
under cover in the disguise of pacifists,
anti-conscriptionlsts. Socialists and la
bor leaders they can do much mis
chief. Out of consideration for those
Germans who are either loyal to this
country or who do not extend their
sympathy with Germany to open sym
pathy or overt acts, no move has been
made to deprive alien enemies of lib
erty. The Government -is content to
pursue those who are active enemies,
but the danger that these mas Include
some who are only ostensibly peaceful
should prompt it to the greatest dili
gence and severity. The real insti
gators of the riots at East St. Louis
should be hunted down and severely
punished, and there is ample cause
for treating the I. W. W. as a treason
able conspiracy.
PATRIOTISM AND THRIFT.
Facts coming to light concerning
the subscriptions to the liberty loan.
as well as the gifts to the Red Cross,
present some inspiring examples of
thrift, as well as patriotism of an
other sort. For thrift by Itself is a
form of patriotism these days.
The case of a laborer in an indus
trial establishment in Bayonne, N. J.,
who receives a wage of $2.88 a day.
who has a wife and eight children,
and who bought $1000 worth of war
bonds, is mentioned by the New York
Herald. What is more, the man paid
cash. What is still more, he is not
the only thrifty patriot in Bayonne,
for two others, also working for $2. S3
a day, but having only four children
in each of their families, also bought
$1000 worth of bonds each.
The sacrifice represented in each
Instance, measured by the earning ca
pacity of the subscriber, will be ap
preciated by those who stop to give
the subject a moment's thought. The
rate of interest paid by the Govern
ment does not represent the most that
a careful investor such a prudent
man, for example, as could accumu
late $1000 on $2.88 a day might rea
sonably expect to obtain. The differ
ence between what he could have ob
tained for his money by the purchase
of a small mortgage or a municipal
bond is a clear gift, to the) Govern
ment for the purpose "of the war. The
difference represents the earnings of
several days of hard work. - '
One need not know all about these
Bayonne patriots to make it safe to
surmise that they are not loud
mouthed declaimers against the social
order, or frowsy members of the I.
W. W.
MEN, NOT BOYS, TO BE DRAFTED.
The American Army which is to
fight this war will be composed in the
main of much older men than those
who fought to preserve the Union in
the Civil War. Of the 2,778.304 men
who 'were enlisted in the latter war,
2,159,789 were 21 years old and un
der, while 618,511 were "22 and over,
and of the latter number only 46,62 6
were over 25. The Civil War was
fought by boys.
The only forces to which persons
under 21 will be admitted in the pres
ent war are the volunteer forces the
regular Army and Navy, the marines
and the National Guard approxi
mately 750,000 men. Recruiting week
attracted only about 20,000 men to the
regular Army, and It is still about 50,
000 short of war strength. The Na
tional Guard is short about 100,000
men. This is after the country has
been at war for about three months.
The ranks must be filled and kept full
by draft of men over 21, though vol
unteers between 18 and 21 will still
be accepted.
There has been much loose talk
about taking "our boys" to fight, as
in 1861, as though the soldiers' under
21 had been compelled to serve. The
fact is that almost all the soldiers of
the Civil War were volunteers, for
only eighty-odd thousand nren were
obtained by draft. When the Union
was attacked, the "boys" of the North
rushed to its defense at a word from
Lincoln, and it was they who saved
it. That war was fought at home as
the climax of fierce domestic contro
versy, and it stirred the people as is
impossible with a war which is being
fought 3000 miles from home. Hence
"our boys" have been slow to rally
to the cause, not because the fighting
spirit of the Nation is dead but be
cause the need does not come home
to them as it did in 18 61 and because
the campaign for preparedness had
educated the people to belief in com
pulsory service as the only Just and
efficient method of making war.
There should be an end to mushy
talk about sending our boys. Relative
ly few boys will fight, and they will
do so by choice. Only mature men
will be sent, in the sense of being com
pelled to serv e.
CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS.
The Army exemption boards are not
to have an agreeable task. They will
be subject to pressure from many
quarters to find some way to excuse
his or that unwilling person from
military service. President Wilson
had in mind the heavy responsibilities
imposed upon the local boards, and a
keen insight into the awkward per
sonal predicaments' in which some of,
them will be placed, when he admon
ished them to "a fearless and Impar
tial performance of the delicate and
difficult duties entrusted to them."
There are to be no class exemp
tions, it-is said. But exception is made
in the law for members of "any well
recognized religious sect existing May
18, 1917, whose creed forbids par
ticipation in war and whose religious
convictions accord with the creed."
The law Is the law, and the only
way through now Is to recognize that
there are bound to be certain inequal
ities in its operation. But it is a
strange contradiction in fact that the
law should thus exempt an entire
class " conscientious objectors"
while there should be solemn pro
tests that there Is no such discrimi
nation. But of course the "conscientious ob
jector" must belong to a religious de
nomination. It may be that the citi
zen hates war, and always has hated
it, and that he has fundamental moral
scruples against any appeal to arms.
National or individual, as a means of
settling any controversy: yet he mjst
have subscribed to that conviction
through some certain religious creed
on or before May 18, 1917, or he will
be subject to draft.
The essence of universal military
service is that it imposes on all alike
the burden of patriotic duty all alike.
But the conscientious objector objects
to war. There are other conscientious
objectors who object to patriotism and
its expression in terms of service to
society and Government. In this
emergency they are not free from
characterization as slackers.
THE ORIENTAL WAY.
One does not often find amusement
In an imperial edict, unless it issues
from a comic-opera potentate or a
Chinese ruler. The first edict from
the restored Emperor of China would
do credit to an American librettist:
Lt Yuan Hung memorializes us to take
over the government, stating that he was
forced by the troops during the first revo
lution to become the nation's head. He
bemoans his defects as bead of the re
public and asks us to punish him. We
recognize his mistakes and also his merits.
We hereby appoint him a Duke of the
first class.
Self-abasement, blandly insincere, is
an Oriental trait. Yuan Shi Kal
promulgated a famous document as
President of the Chinese republic, in
which he told at length what a poor
stick of a ruler he was and prayed his
people to have patience with his short
comings. But it is said that when
the citizen approached him that in
dividual was supposed to humble him
self as much as though the President
had boldly acknowledged himself to
be a little bit better than anybody else
on earth.
The Oriental bringing gifts must, in
obedience to etiquette, deplore the In
adequacy of the presents for one of
so exalted a station: and the recipient
must promptly condemn himself as
wholly unworthy to receive anything
so magnificent. If human nature is
the' same the world over, underneath
the surface and we guess it is it is
likely that the giver often thinks to
himself that he has been too generous
by far to such a mut and the other
reflects that he has been all but in
sulted by an unappreciative tightwad.
So we shalL not be surprised, if it
shall happen that the Emperor really
gets the whip hand, to hear some day
that a certain Duke of the first class
has strangely disappeared.
By learning that the American mar
ket wants usable rather than decora
tive goods, the Japanese are begin
ning to take over an important part
of the trade formerly held by Ger
many and Austria, this comprising
small wares chiefly for the present,
but giving promise of expanding as
the efficiency of the Japanese work
man is improved. Change In the
Oriental attitude toward work is not
the least important of the alterations
now taking place in the Industrial
system. The necessity for promptness
in filling orders is becoming widely
realized and will have a. marked ef
fect on the future business of that
country. Goods that are now being
sent out to new markets are not al
together the kind the Japanese would
make if left to their own devices,
but represent an attempt to study the
wants of prospective customers. In
this respect they are not far behind
the United States, which until re
cently showed a similar reluctance to
adapt itself to the manners of peo
ple with whom it sought to ido business.
BANANA FLOUR.
The London Lancet's statement,
which is quoted by the Trinidad
growers, that "banana flour con
tains more nltrogenotts matter than
wheat flour." . will be received with
surprise by our own scientists. The
United States Government experts
esfcnate the protein content of the
green banana at 0.8 per cent, which,
allowing for a reduction of three
fourths In weight by drying, would
make the percentage not more than
3.2 in the flour itself, while wheat
flour Is credited with 11 per cent of
protein.
The chief value of the banana for
food purposes is due to its carbohy
drates about 14 per cent In the green
product, which would be equivalent to
some 56 per cent in the dried. In fat,
it is not much richer than the apple.
Its digestibility, however, is high, and
It Is likely to become an important
addition to our diet, provided growers
are able to make the flour with labor-
saving machinery. Banana flour costs
threo cents a pound under present
conditions, and would not be a dan
gerous competitor of wheat flour" at
$8 a barrel, food units considered. If
wheat flour should go below that fig
ure, the banana would need to look
to its laurels and its market.
There are some scientists who
hold that in ages to come the
great equatorial belt will feed man-
Kind, and the temperate zones will be
reserved as pleasant dwelling places
and for manufacturing. Certainly,
tropical lands are places where things
grow. But there is a vast deal of
work to do to reclaim them. Their
diseases must be conquered and their
jungles tamed, which will be the work
of many lifetimes. Meanwhile, we
shall do weir to go on raising all the
wheat and corn we can grow at home.
The banana is r.ot coming to our res
cue, in an Important commercial
sense, for a long while.
The City Democracy, swearing loy
alty to President Wilson, has entered
the New York municipal campaign to
supplant Tammany as the Democratic
organization of the city. The coming
election may decide whether Tam
many can come back. Deprived of
both city and state patronage, it has
had rather thin picking for the last
few years, and It has had none too
much from the Federal crib. The
Tiger may be able to survive in the
wilderness through one Mayor's term,
but a second four years in exile might
mean dissolution, for the boys must
eat-
This Is no holiday for the- woman
who has to put up the lunch, look out
for the children all day and bear all
the blame at night. Poor mother!
Why not let her have a day off "all
by her lonely" later In the month,
with nothing to worry her but fear
that the children will get killed while
she is absent?
The man with the scheme to put all
the submarines out of business is
strangely quiet these days, but he has
a fine running mate in the chap who
would end the war in a week by bom
barding Germany with 100,000 aero
planes mere details being of no mo
ment to the street-corner war col
legian. A man who stole a car is being
brought back from Idaho and all that
trouble will necessitate punishment.
He went too far. If he had but left
the car within a few miles, his offense
would have been a mere joke.
Local statistics show we are 20 per
cent crazier than customary. It is
said to be due to war worries. If the
field of war was nearer home, most
of these cases would not attract at
tention.
The returning Siberian exiles as
well as other liberated Russian con
victs are showing by their behavior
that not all of them were victims of
injustice when they were sent away.
Will Portland please wake up and
cheer as the troops march by today?
Just remember how the American sol
diers are being cheered in France and
do not let the Frenchmen beat us.
If the American soldiers were em
barrassed when French girls broke
through the lines and kissed them,
they have become somewhat "uppity"
with ocean travel.
The chauffeur who ran down and
killed a woman a Tew weeks ago has
been held for manslaughter, but hold
ing and punishing are very much dif
ferent. A dispatch from Coos Bay says there
is a marked shortage of liquor and
a large crowd to celebrate. In that
case, the Bay will have a sane Fourth.
Milliners seem to have entirely over
looked the decorative possibilities of
the potato blossom, as well as the
patriotic significance, this season.
On this anniversary of the greatest
and most glorious day in- the history
of this Nation, those who work all day
will feel the best at nightfall.
The Russian army has the chance
of its life, if it only knew It, to earn
the lasting gratitude of the people of
the world.
If you want to see something
which you will feel proud, take
slant" at the Auditorium.
of
One thing may be said for the
Fourth of July: Only nations get
divorced that day.
An Irishman Is the champion talker
in Parliament, of course, and he says
something.
If you must go away for the Fourth,
try Vancouver, but you well need to
go early.
The man who sleeps late misses the
best part of this holiday.
Oping somewhere today?
How to Keep WelL
By Dr. W. A. Kn. ,
Question pertinent to hvriene. sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered In this col
umn. When space will not permit or the
subject hi not suitable, letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagno
sis or prescribe for Individual diseases. Re
quests for such aer-rlces cannot be answered.
(Copyright. 116. by Dr. W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
SAVING THE COST OP TBE'COCGH.
THE Medical Critic and Guide quotes
a German statistician aa calculat
ing that a man who coughs four times
an hour for ten hours uses up as much
nourishment in doing so as la furnished
by three eggs and two glasses of milk.
In these war times the Germans cannot
waste. 6ven eggs and five glasses of
milk a day on coughs for one man. Of
course a person with a violent cough
would use even mrre. Now multiply
this by the milliona of peonle having
consumption, pneumonia. whooping
cough and common colds and we can
understand why they have stripped
Roumanla bare and are paying out
their scanty goldo Holland for food..
Australia ia at work on a programme
to save Its milk and eggs now fed to
consumptives. They plan to eliminate
the disease by 1920. In 1887 Victoria
had a consumption rate of 153. That is
about the rate prevailing in American
cities. In 1915 the Journal of Outdoor
Life aaya they had m rate of 72 in the
commonwealth and 78 In Victoria. The
decline in ten years was 28 per cent.
The rate is declining somewhat faster
than is that of this country. They have
much less consumption than we do.
And this is what they are doing:
They pay $2 a case for each case re
ported. This plan Is only working fair
ly well. According to the estimate this
method only finds about one-fifth of
the cases. They will find a better
method to add to this one.
All dangerously infective cases of the
disease are removed to sanitariums and
detained there forcibly until they are
no longer dangerous.
Early cases are systematically and re
peatedly visited In their homea by tu
berculosis nurses and physicians. Where
necessary the families of consumptives
are pensioned.. The number pensioned
at the time of the report was 3632.
The conditions for the control of the
disease In Australia are unusually good.
The average wages are high. It is an
agricultural country In the main and
there Is no bad overcrowding such as
prevails in most of our industrial cities.
Their housing problem ,1s very much
simpler than ours. I do not think their
native population ia aa nonreslstant to
consumpton as our negroes are. They
have an unusually well developed social
conscience. They can carry out meas
ures for the control of careleaa con
sumptives with the aupport of public
opinion.
Dr. Dublin shows that Victoria has
not gotten rid of consumption, as Dr.
Hetser reported that they had done. He
does not think they will be wholly rid
of the disease in 1925, as they hope,
but I am sure he thinks that by that
year they will be advanced to the point
where they can see their way out-
Ne Especial Precantlona.
Mrs. W. E. C writes: "Two grown
persons have to make a business visit
to their farm, near where measles are
prevalent. What precautions should
they take there and returning? Both
have had measles In childhood."
REPLY.
No special precautions are required. Let
them keep out of houses where there are
cases. That Is al lthey need do.
Try.
G. S. writes: "Would you kindly ad
vise me about getting Into Government
service. Navy preferred? I am 17 and
am sound, as far as I know, only when
a small child I had Infantile paralysis
and my right foot is about an inch
shorter than my left. One would not
notice it unless I pointed it out to them.
It Is not noticeable and gives me no
bother.
"If I cannot get into the Navy, is
there any branch of service I can get
Into?"
REPLY.
If I understand you correctly the muscles
of your leg and foot are strong. You can
walk all right, but your right foot Is smaller
then your left. If this is correct the re
cruiting surgeon would probably accept you.
Get your parents' consent and try. When the
Naval recruiting surgeon passes you you are
In the service. When the Army recruiting
surgeon passes you you still have to pass
an Army mustering-ln surgeon.
Grits Teeth In Sleep.
J. A. K. writes: "Our boy, aged 6
years, grits or grates his teeth every
night while sleeping. A neighbor said
it might be worms and advised to give
him some worm remedy. (1) Is gritting
teeth a sign of having worms? (2) If
not, does it signify any dangerous con
dition? (3) Are there any harmless
worm remedies?" '
REPLY.
1. No. There may be exceptions.
2. No.
8. The ordinary worm medicines sold in
the drugstores axe harmless.
Better Off as Yon Are. i
W. V. writes: "I am 18 years of age
and weigh 117 pounds stripped; am 5
Jeet 4 inches. I am a member of a
gymnasium and visit there twice week
ly. I use the chest machines and box
for about half an hour. I would like to
Increase my weight, but I understand
gym work keeps your weight down. I
am in perfect health and am muscular
enough. What could I do to Increase
my weight?"
REPLY.
Eat a bowl of milk and sugared rtca twice
a day in addition to three good meals.
Why do yon want to put on f You are
better off aa you .are.
Statement Not True.
Bentonsport writes: "I have read In
an advertisement that a physician at
tributed an epidemic of diphtheria In a
family to decaying vegetable matter
found adhering to the side of the gar
bage can. Is this statement correct T'
REPLY.
No. Had the physician cultered the
throats of the well persons In the household
he would have found that some carrier had
Infected the children.
As He Saw It.
Tit-Bits.
"John, dear. wrote a lady from the
capital, "I enclose the hotel bill."
"Dear Jane, I enclose a check," wrote
John in reply; "but- please don't buy
any more hotels at this price-7-they are
robbing you."
Practical.
Pitt Panther.
Po Your roommate says that he is
a practical socialist.
Dunk He must be. He wears my
shirts, smokes my tobacco and writes to
my girls.
German Intrigue in Russia.
HOW German Intrigue began and
grew In Russia Is strikingly set
forth in a bulletin issued by the Na
tional Geographic Society based on a
communication to the society from
Stanley Washburn, the war correspond
ent,. who is at the present time con
nected with the American Commission
to Russia, headed by Eiihu Root. The
bulletin says:
"To understand the almost unsur
mountable handicaps under which the
Russians have been laboring it Is
necessary to appreciate the nature and
importance of the German influence in
Russia, which for the last few decades
has become such a vital menace to the
independence of the Russian people.
"After the Franco-Prussian war,
when the new economic and Industrial
era began to develop in the Teuton
empire, it was but natural that the
Germans should look - to Russia for
their most important market-' .At first
this outlet for their trade was a lux
ury to their economic' development, but
as, to a greater and greater extent,
their trade became committed to this
vast territory it became more and
more of an economic necessity that
they retain and increase their grip on
Russia.
"The northern, or Baltic, provinces
of Russia are very largely populated
by persons of German blood who have
for many generations been Russian
subjects. It is natural that these peo
ple, in a measure, should feel and un
derstand German Inspirations and aid
'and abet in their plans where possible.
'By this I do not mean to assert that
all Baltio, Russians are pro-German,
for some of the ablest and most. loyal
men and devoted troops have icome
from this part of Russia: but it is true
that many of the worst influences have
also been of Baltic province extrac
tion. For 10 years before the war we
can trace the German influence
through every specious channel of in
trigue and malevolent activity to gain
ascendency in the internal policies of
the' Russian government.
"There is little reason to doubt that
the German influence has aimed in
every way to check the growth of lib
eralism in Russia. There are many
who believe that but for the German
Influence there would have come the
abolition of vodka five years before
the war. The elimination bf this curse
would have meant education, and with
education inevitably must have come
the demand for more liberal govern
ment and a ministry responsible to the
Duma.
"Alone the Germans could not have
hoped to exert this influence: but we
find In Russia another group, common
ly known as bureaucracy, who had a
community of interests with the Teu
tons. The bureaucracy represents the
officeholders and officials appointed
by the throne, who have for genera
tions, and one might almost say for
centuries, preyed upon the resources"
of the Russian empire.
"There has been during and before
the war a co-operation between these
two parties, the enduring prestige of
which depended on German victory
and Russian defeat. It is clear that if
Germany had been overwhelmingly
defeated, both the pro-German and the
bureaucrats would have lost the Lold
they had on the Russian empire.
"It Is probably true that none of
these dark forces had any great appre
hension at the beginning of the war
that Germany could lose; for, being
well aware of Russia's unpreparedness.
It seemed incredible that she could
triumph over her enemy efficient and
ready for the war."
GERMANS DESERVE NO QUARTER
Mr. Gallasher Recommends Shooting of
Prisoners of "War.
PORTLAND. July 3. (To the Edi
tor.) Robert Muir, lately from Scot
land and therefore cognizant of the
facts, states that the Irish rebels were
Justly executed. Being on the ground,
he undoubtedly knows that the only
equitable solution of the Irish question
Is by the sate and sane methods adopt
ed by John Redmond. When civiliza
tion hangs In the balance, Ireland must
wait, and no harm was done by the
summary execution of a few rebels.
As a matter of fact, the German pris
oners of war should be similarly dealt
with. With the submarine menacing
England's food supply, the feeding of
German prisoners is an unnecessary
burden. After destroying Belgium and
shooting Kdith Cavell, and dropping
bombs on innocent women and children
in London. the Germans have made
themselves an outlaw nation, and their
prisoners should be dealt with on that
basis.
From the standpoint .of justice, the
Irish rebels should not reeeive more
severe treatment than the German pris
oners, for during the Irish rebellion in
Dublin more than 500 English prisoners
were kept and the rebels treated them
with exceptional kindness. Except for
the Irish being in rebellion against
their King, this fact should bespeak
some leniency In their behalf. How
ever, in times of war the safety of the
empire Is the first consideration. Be
sides, if we look at the execution of
prisoners from the standpoint of prece
dent, we find it very common to kill')
prisoners;
In the good old days of English his
tory after Crecy, Agincourt and Poic
ters all prisoners of war taken by the
English were either hanged or shot,
and even Joan of Arc, a girl of 19,
was burned alive. And after Culloden,
even the Scotch, who have since be
come so faithful to the empire, were
similarly executed by Cumberland.
With this history behind us and civ
ilization at stake and England on the
verge of starvation, why should we
now feed these German prisoners of
war? It certainly is entirely illogical
to shoot Irish prisoners and to feed
German prisoners with the fat of the
land. The purpose of war ia to destroy
and to crush. Germany "must be dis
membered and destroyed in order that
civilization may live, and how can this
be better accomplished than by exe
cuting all German prisoners by firing
squad, as the Irish prisoners were exe
cuted? JOHN GALLAGHER.
The foregoing is published in the
assumption that It is intended as sar
casm. If sfneere, he would have
thought of reprisal.
A Night at the Clab.
Detroit Free Press.
"Mulliger." whispered Mrs. Tawney
I hear something moving in the next
room. It must be a burglar."
"Heh?" said Mulliger Tawney. sleep
lly. "Nonsense! There's nothing in
this house to attract a burglar."
"I know that as well as you do, you
shiftless wretch, but the burglar don't
know it!" hissed Mrs. Tawney. "Oh,
there's a man with a dark lantern!"
"Let me at him!" cried Mulliger Taw
ney. And in one bound he had the
masked Intruder by the throat.
"I surrender!" gurgled the house
breaker.
"Take htm outto a policeman!" cried
Mrs. Tawney from under the bed
clothes. And after holding the bur
glar by the power of his eye as he
hastily dressed. Mulliger led him from
the room.
Once outside, the burglar tore off his
mask and laughed great, round laughs
"Oh! Oh!iOh!" Then he and Mulliger
repaired, arm-in-arm, to the club and
draw poker. It was the first night's
vacation that poor Mulliger Tawney
had had In two months.
Fiprrt
Life.
Manager Yes, we have a vacancy In
our financial department. Have you
had -any experience in flnancei
"I'm supporting a $10,000 wife on
$5000 a year."
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonlan of July 4. 1S92.
Omaha. Amid a boom of cannon, a
waving of flags, and under the inspira
tion of patriotic orations, the National
People's Convention will celebrate the
natal day of the republic tomorrow by
nominating an independent candidate
for President of the United States.
Through the efforts of Colonel Fred
J. Englehardt. Portland at last has an
athletic park that comparea favorably
with the best athletic grounds in this
country. The park Is located on the
grounds of the Exposition building and
Is known as Columbia Park.
The Coronershlp contest between Ed
ward Holman and Joseph Hughes is
still a long ways from the end, and, in
fact, the contest is assuming- a mora
complicated aspect, and it may be sev
eral weeks yet before It is known who
the next Coroner of Multnomah County
really is.
No disaster of weather nor hard
times seems to dampen the ardor or
enterprise of the Portland Speed As
sociation, for it is out again in a mag
nificent programme for a Fall meet
ing at City View Park, seven days, be
ginning September 3. Purses amount
to $14,900.
Now that the Summer Is fairly here,
the season of Sunday afternoon con
certs is fully upon us. There were two
yesterday, one on Portland Heights and
the other at Uambrinus Gardens.
Half n Century Asro.
Prom The Oregonlan of July 4, 1S67.
A college la soon to be established at
Philomath under the control of the
Church of United Brethren.
We have been enabled by thorough
and persistent inquiry to lay before our
readers further particulars relating to
the destruction of the Oregon Iron
Foundry yesterday morning. The loss
is about $SO,000, with insurance amount
ing to $10,000.
Last night the Common Council met
pursuant to adjournment, and. there
being no quorum present, the Council
adjourned.
We have hearsay evidence sufficient
for stating for a fact that two men
were drowned yesterday in the Colum
bia. We traced the rumor to Mr. Ed
gar, former express i . ssenger, but
could not find him, so tr unable to lay
the particulars before our readers.
Dr Pitts writes that a Mr. Knox, of
Linn County, 25 miles from Salem, on
the Eugene road, is 79 years of age and
is cutting his teeth again.
Experienced miners are about to go
on a prospecting tour of the mountains
between the Coast fork of the Willam
ette and the North Umpqua River. Some
discoveries have hitherto been made on
each of these streams.
A Vacation Jungle.
By James Barton Adams.
Soon go on vacation to the sea-beat
shore, seek for recreation where the
breakers roar. Got some sawed off
bath duds short of every limb waller
in the sea suds in extremist trim.
Goin' on vacation, bid so-long to care;
feel exhilaration underneath the hair.
Glad old heart a-thumpin. joy In
every flop, every nerve a-jumpln.
sayin' "Hurry up!" Goin' on vaca
tion by the restless main, fond antici
pation fingerin' the brain. For the
weary toil breast seek a soothin' balm
curled up in a sand nest, brother to
the clam. Goin' on vacation down
where pleasure reigns; glad emancipa
tion from the labor chains. Goin' to
be made over 'most as good as new
while a lazy rover by the ocean blue.
Goin' on vacation, soul with gladness
fraught, but this sweet elation bears a
cruel thought. Got to hit the home
track, quit the heavenly boon got to
be a come-back too darned pretty soon.
MOKK ACTIVITY AXD LESS TALK
Way to End War Quickly Is to Employ
All Our Energies at Once.
PORTLAND, July 3. (To the Edi
tor.) The English, 'rench, Russian,
Italian and Belgian commissioners have
come and spoken. They did not speak
from theory, but out of the fullness
of an experience. They did not come
to dictate nor alone to counsel, but to
Impart to us valuable information and
put us wise to the mistakes of their
respective governments during the war
that these mistakes might be our
school teachers hence war legislation
should have been comparatively easy.
but there is no one so blind as the
one who will not see. If you were to
ask Congressmen if they would like
the war to end quickly, they would
answer "Yes." Then common sense
teaches that the sooner we get Into
the war with both feet the sooner will
it end. It would be a matter of
economy in men and money to get
down to business at once.
We are not in this war for glory or
for dollars and cents, not even to
avenge the murder of American citi
zens on the high seas. What America
stands for and ha3 advocated has
plunged us into this war. I refer to
our freedom and the love of it. Amer
ica was born in the cradle of liberty
and we have enjoyed it and preached
it more than any other nation. It
has been and is to us the "pearl of
great price." In 1776 America pro
pounded a mighty and a blessed
doctrine, namely, that "ill men are
born equaL" This doctrine has become
incorporated In the very breath of the
Nation. This country could not have
tolerated slavery: It would have been
inconsistent: It would have made us a
laughing stock and held us up to
ridicule before the whole world hence,
we had to strike. In 1898 this country
was not invaded by Spain, but we went
to war. What drove us to it? The
great principle which was launched at
the very birth of the country human
rights and human liberty.
"Am I my brother's keeper?" said
Cain. The Lord said: "Thy brother's
blood crieth out 'o me from the
ground." Does the blood of our broth
ers who perish on the seas cry out to
usj. Does the blood of our brothers In
Belgium cry 'out to us? Does the blood
of our brothers In Serbia? Yes. If we
still believe in the American principle
of. human rights, all men are born
equaL
"No man llveth unto himself." This is
true of a nation as well as an individ
ual.' This country has lived to itself
more or less lnce its birth, but now
it has arisen and is clothing itself with
strength and is going forth to battle
for the great doctrine of the "Father
hood of God" and the "Brotherhood
of Man." l- p-
Flag Etiquette.
TROTJTDALE. Or., July S. (To the
Editor.) Kindly Inform me relative
to the law governing the display of
our flag. Is there any objection to
draping the stage with an American
flag and having one draped in front of
a folding table which might be (the
table and draping) carried in front of
the curtain later? ED S. ALLEN.
There Is no law on the subject. Flag
etiquette, however, rules that the flag
should never be festooned or draped.
It should be 'hung flat and It should
never be placed below a person sitting.