Morning Oregonian., June 25, 1917, Page 6, Image 6

THE 3IORNING OEEGOMAN, 3IOXDAT, JUNE 25, 1917.
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PORTLAND, MONDAY, JUNE 25, 1917.
OREGON TO MAKE IRON. "
' The unheard of prices reached by
pig iron and steel have made it com
mercially possible to produce them on
the Pacific Coast, for the margin be
tween cost of production and selling
price has become so wide as to have
wiped out ail disadvantages arising
from higher cost of production.
Ore must be brought from a dis
tance, coke is made no nearer than
Chehalis, and lime deposits, -though
abundant in the Cascade Mountains,
are undeveloped. But the cost of
transportation on finished steel across
the continent offsets part of the extra
cost for the Pacific Coast, and in these
days of car shortage and strain on
the railroad system avoidance of delay
in delivery offsets another part.
True, ore must be imported from
Mexico and Chile, but some Eastern
mills import it from Cuba, as England
imports it from Spain. Ships bring
ing ore to Portland will be assured of
a return cargo of lumber, which is in
constant demand all along the west
coast, hence freight on ore will be low.
Construction of a steel mill in or
near Portland will naturally follow
the blowing-in of the Oswego furnace,
for pig iron is only" the first stage in
manufacture of the commodities for
which there is a broad home market.
. Steel plates and structural shapes for
ships, boilers and oil tanks are already
in large demand, and so will continue
for some years.
Portland has already begun build
ing auxiliary engines for ships, and
will naturally advance to building
great marine engines and motors,
which will furnish a further market
for steel. Manufacture of steel in
Portland will follow that of pig iron
as inevitably as milling of flour has
followed growing of wheat, or as
weaving of wool has followed raising
of sheep.
The prospect that the iron and steel
industry will be firmly established in
Oregon is contingent on so many un
known factors, which will be revealed
only by the events of the war and by
its sequel, that the future cannot be
forecast. So far as we can now fore
see, the war will continue for several
years, and with it will continue de
struction of ships, famine of tonnage
and high freights. These would as
sure continued activity in shipbuilding,
which will be the industry's best home
market.
The waste of tonnage is so great
that it cannot be made good for sev
eral years after the war. The longer
war continues, the greater will be the
devastation, for repair of which the
United States must supply most of the
material. Hence demand for ships
during the first few years of peace
may easily equal that which war itself
caused. It may prove that the condi
tions which have opened the way to
establishment of this new industry
may continue for ten years.
During that period new conditions
may arise which will render it per
manent. Such close and profitable re
lations may be established with the
sources of ore supply that freight may
become negligible as an element of
cost. New iron deposits may be found
near the plant. Iron is found in asso
ciation with other metals throughout
the West, and means may be "discov
ered of making this available. Flux
ing materials may be found adjacent
to the furnace. Waterpower may be
developed to the point where the elec
trolytic process can be used more
cheaply than the old processes that
are followed in sections where water
power is less abundant. Markets may
be developed where the Pacific Coast
will have an advantage over other
steel-producing areas. Given a lee
way of ten years within which to
work, the industry may learn to live
under normal competitive conditions.
The strongest ground for hope that
this will be the outcome is Mr. Pig
gotfs motto that "the cities of the
Pacific Coast have the men and the
money to do things by themselves, and
that it is time to forget the idea that
we must wait for Easterners to come
out west and develop the Pacific
Coast." That is the sentiment ex
pressed by the old Oregon motto "She
flies with her own wings." It is the
spirit which builds up strong and pros
perous, because self-reliant, -communities.
It is the spirit which seeks out
every hidden resource with which this
Western country is favored. It at
tracts outside aid in the work of de
velopment by its attitude of indepen
dence of such aid, and it secures for
the Oregon country the reward earned
by its development.
TRArNING THE flSTOMER.
Ida M. Tarbell, who has been inves
tigating the bread situation, finds that
about four per cent of the bread that
is baked is returned by the retailers
as "stale," because of the bakers' pol
icy of keeping the retailer oversupplied
with their product, fearing that .if he
runs out of it he will sell the loaves
of their competitors. Some of this is
consumed in other ways, but of the four
per cent returned, more than a third
is fed to chickens and pigs. There
are bakers in some of the larger cities
who turn out half a: million loaves a
day. This would mean at least 7500
loaves a day that do not enter Into
human consumption. The number in
the entire country is almost beyond
calculation.
It has been found as the result of
inquiry among bakers that at least
eighty per cent of them are in favor
of abolishing the return privilege and
requiring retailers to limit their pur
chases to the -amounts that they can
sell. This plan is already in effect
in Washington, D. C, and in Portland.
Miss Tarbell says that if the women of
the Nation will help the same result
can be accomplished everywhere..
Part of the scheme is to persuade
tousewives to order their supplies of
bread as far ahead as possible, instead
of for one or two meals at a time.
This will permit the retailer to regu
late his own orders closely and guard
him against loss. Every loaf so saved
will eventually find its way into the
hands of someone who otherwise
would do without. It is admitted that
there is going: to be a world short
age of wheat, and the housewives of
America will be the ones to decide
whether the actual supply will be
made to do its full duty or not.
DRY DAYS.
The confirmed tippler will find an
ominous note in the food bill as it has
passed the House. A provision has
been added making use of food, food
material or feed for manufacture of
alcoholic beverages unlawful during
the period of the war.
It is practically National prohibi
tion, for it is hard to conceive
of any intoxicating beverage into
the manufacture of which food or
food material does not enter in con
siderable quantities. Final adoption
of the provision by Congress would
mean stoppage of brewing and dis
tilling. Perhaps stocks on hand would come
to the rescue of persons of means,
but for those individuals the only
hope would be for mild wines and
malt liquors while they lasted. The
Government is also authorized to take
over spirituous liquors for redistilla
tion to obtain alcohol for war pur
poses. We shall welcome a trial of prohi
bition under existing circumstances.
The materials used in manufacture of
liquor are needed for food at least
it is the better part of precaution to
preserve them for that purpose in
face of an almost certain shortage.
But apart from the economic fea
ture there is the moral Issue as it
affects the new armies to be raised
by conscription. One may argue him
self into all sorts of positions concern
ing the safeguards that might be had,
but heretofore the best safeguard has
been the prohibition. It is a hard fact
that is selection of new army can
tonments places not so desirable as
others from numerous standpoints
have been chosen because of the im
portant reason that they were in dry
states. It is not a happy spectacle,
that of a great Government driven
from one place to another by the
Demon Rum.
On the whole a period of abstinence
will do the country good.
WE LEARN "WHO'S WHO.
The President needed authority to
give priority of shipment to war ma
terial, food and other things necessary
to prosecution of the war, and once
more such stalwart Democrats as
Senators Hoke Smith and Reed and
such a Progressive as Senator Norris
moved all sorts of restrictive amend
ments, while Senator Knox stood for
giving the President the full authority
which the occasion requires.
In support of the bill the Pennsyl
vania Senator quoted Alexander Ham
ilton as saying:
Of all the cares or concerns of Govern
ment the direction of war most peculiarly
demands those qualities which distinguish
the exercise of power by a single hand. The
direction of war implies the direction of
common ' strength, and the power of di
recting and employing the common strength
forms a usual and c-ssential part in the defi
nition of the executive authority.
Men of Mr. Knox's caliber and ex
perience in public affairs can take a
broad, National view of the exigen
cies of war and are ready to trust the
Executive to exercise war powers
rightly, while men of provincial minds
are worried by fears that he will
abuse his powers, and they wish to
tie him up with restrictions.
War reveals who are statesmen and
who have minds too narrow to pass
the bounds of their own petty baili
wicks. MEDICAL WEEK.
This Is "Medical week" in Portland,
made so by the gathering here of the
alumni of the University school of
medicine and the members of the State
medical association. It is probable
that never in the history of the alumni
or of the association has either met
under circumstances in which the pro
fession had greater opportunity for
service to the Nation and to the cause
of humanity. Such opportunities as
are now presented to the doctors do
not come to a profession in every gen
eration. The immediate problem of providing
doctors for an Army and Navy of a
million men is a serious one in itself,
but it is not the only one. It is no
secret in official circles that our allies
are badly in need of help In the medi
cal branches of their service. Both
France and England made the early
mistake of permitting a great number
of physicians to enlist in the fighting
arms. The consequences have been al
most irreparable. The doctors who
were killed then would conceivably be
able to save a far greater number of
lives if they had been spared for the
larger duty. Russia never has had
military surgeons to meet its require
ments and is suffering as a result.
Serbia is almost without medical aid
of its own. That country would have
been depopulated by typhus two years
ago if it had not been for the timely
assistance given by American physi
cians, at the sacrifice of the lives of
some of them.
Surgeon General Blue told the Amer
ican Medical Association recently that
at least 12,000 doctors would be need
ed by the United States military forces
because of the war, 'and that there
were then 1300 vacancies to be filled.
The pending execution of the selective
conscription law will entail an enor
mous labor, for every man not- found
to be exempt by reason of the nature
of his occupation will require the most
painstaking physical examination.
England has found that at least three
men have to be examined for every
one accepted.
It requires no stretching of the im
agination to visualize the task, there
fore, that will attend the examina
tion of citizens enough to obtain the
Army we are about to put into the
field.
The Navy alone will want 2000 doc
tors. There are now fewer than 400
in the regular naval medical corps.
The ultimate need of the Red Cross
has been plaoed at 25,000, and a naval
surgeon has estimated that one phy
sician out of every six in the country
will be required for war service within
two years. When it is considered that
a considerable number of physicians
are disqualified by age and other phys
ical considerations, and that a not in
considerable proportion will be unable
to pass the professional examinations,
it is seen how pressing is the demand
upon those who are fit.
The fact that wound surgery consti
tutes relatively the smallest part of
the work these doctors will be called
upon to do will bear -epetition for the
benefit of those who are not informed
upon the subject. Sanitation and dis
ease prevention are even more import
ant, and there will te an even more
important work the repair of the
ravages of disease resulting indirectly
from the war. Tuberculosis is one
of these. It is already causing havoc
in France, and it is one of the afflic
tions in which early treatment is of
the highest importance. This offers
opportunity not only for the army
physicians themselves but for those
who are compelled to stay at home.
Its ravages can be held to the mini
mum if action is prompt enough; and
this requires not only medical atten
tion but the awakening of the public
conscience everywhere a work for
which the physician is peculiarly fit
ted and in doing which he will be as
much a patriot as the 6ne who goes
to France.
OFTENER; THAT'S ALL.
There need be no expectation that
the Bay State will abandon its tradi
tional conservatism, yet its constitu
tional convention is productive of the
usual run of what staid New England
is pleased to term crank schemes and
radical ideas. That is they are pre
sented for consideration. They have
not been adopted; not yet. Still one
might infer from the impassioned ut
terances of the Pittsburgh Gazette
Times that ruin was already upon
Massachusetts and that Pennsylvania
expected to be next.
The progressives in the convention,
remarks that newspaper, are carrying
comedy a bit too far; they are making
a farce of a serious proceeding and it
ought not to be tolerated. All in the
world that calls for this rebuke is the
following list of amendments:
Initiative and referendum: recall of Judges:
short ballot: old-age pensions: single tax;
abolition of veto power of the Governor;
abolition of the power of Judges to declare
laws unconstitutional; recall of Judicial de
cisions; Government ownership of railroads,
street railways, coal mines and gas plants;
accountabillay of the judiciary to the peo
ple; recall of all public officers, cabinet gov
ernment; state ownership of cold -storage
plants; exemption from taxation of home
steads of less than 2ow in towns of l-ss
than 2."V00 population; local option In taxa
tion: challenging of Judges; relieving the
mllltla from strike duty; power of tne state
to regulate wages, prices, dividends and
hours; referendum on all franchise grants
The Oregon voter will readily rec
ognize in the list several close and
constant friends, some passing ac
quaintances and a few utter stran
gers. But the list is not comparable
with that of the measures Oregon has
voted up or down in the last decade
or so.
Mostly we have been voting things
down, just as the Massachusetts con
vention doubtless will vote down most
if not all the amendments listed. There
are political eccentrics loose in every
community awaiting only a favorable
opportunity to present their notions.
The rare constitutional convention
rives, them that opportunity in New
York and Massachusetts; the contin
uous constitutional convention of all
the people gives them the opportunity
in Oregon every election. That is the
chief difference between Eastern con
servatism and Western radicalism.
The Bay State, through its consti
tutional convention, will sternly vote
down the radical schemes and thereby
maintain its reputation for conserv
atism. And Oregon, we suppose, al
though it just as consistently votes
down the same things, will retain its
reputation as a radical community.
GERMAN AGGRESSION IX AMERICA.
One of the most pctent influences
in awakening the American people to
the true purposes of Germany and to
the great stake of the United States in
the result of the war was the Zimmer
man note to Mexico. Until that note
was published our dispute with Ger
many was considered to relate only to
the freedom of the seas and to the
barbarous methods by which Germany
sought to enforce her maritime decrees
against us. By its offer of three
southwestern states to Mexico and of
all the Pacific states to Japan as the
reward of military aid ajralnst us, Ger
many was revealed as planning a di
rect attack on the integrity of the
United States. Then the American
people resolved to destroy the power
of Prussian militarism ever to attempt
dismemberment of the Union.
Yet that plan was only the logical
working out of the policy which has
been pursued by Prussia for two cen
turies and which has its latest and
broadest manifestation in the propo
sals of the six great economic organi
zations of Germany for re-organization
of Europe under German dicta
tion after the present war. The forci
ble annexations of neighboring terri
tory, all subsequent annexations by
Prussia and Germany and the extrava
gant schemes proposed during this
war, while Germany's star seemed to
be in the ascendant, have been the
consistent working out of that policy.
It displays a cynical contempt of the
rights of nations in the presence of
which no nation is safe. It has used
each gain as the source of power with
which to gain more. Before the war
it had reached beyond the bounds of
Europe to seize Kiau-Chau in China.
Since the war began it has brought
not only Austria-Hungary and Bul
garia in Europe, but Turkey in Asia
under the mailed fist of the Kaiser.
The history of every such power is that
its appetite grows with that upon
which it feeds.
If success were to crown German
effort in this war, Germany would be
practically one great monarchy
stretching clear across Central Europe
and Western Asia from the North Sea
to the Mediterranean Sea and the Per
sian Gulf. The nations of Eastern and
Western Europe would be so weakened
by loss of their most valuable terri
tory and of their strategic frontiers
and would be so completely cut off
from one another that successful co
operation in resistance to further Ger
man aggression would be hopeless.
Only by drilling their entire male pop
ulation and by maintaing "huge navies
and supplies of military equipment, by
being ever ready to divert all their in
dustries to military use and by form
ing a close alliance, could the Ameri
can republics hope to make headway
against such a power.
If the Zimmerman note had not fur
nished concrete evidence of German
designs against the territory of the
United States we should till have had
ample reason to fight that the execu
tion of Such designs in the future might
be forever impossible. We have a
great accumulation of evidence that
Germany has been preparing for ag
gression in this hemisphere when the
time should be ripe. That country has
not ODly refused to recognize the Mon
roe doctrine but has attempted to vio
late it. An attempt was made to seize
Margarita Island, off the coast of Ven
ezuela, as a German naval base in the
Caribbean Sea, but was thwarted by
the prompt action of President Roose
velt. Intervention in Santo Domingo
and Haiti was attempted, and was pre
vented by American protectorates over
those republics. The German settle
ment in Southern Brazil is nothing but
a German outpost in America. Ger
man intrigue was the chief influence
in causing Colombia to refuse the Pan- j
ama Canal concession to the Unlted
States. Expansion of German com
merce in America has had a po
litical purpose, as is proved by the
large number of German merchants
who have obtained appointment as
consuls for other nations. All these
moves were part of a general plan to
prepare the way for a German career
of conquest in America.
The -Monroe doctrine was pro
claimed for defense of America against
the Holy Alliance, which was com
posed o several despotic monarchs,
having nearly equal power and having
many conflicting interests. It is now
attacked by a power which, if success
ful in this war, would have greater
military and economic resources at the
command of a single monarch work
ing for a single purpose than had all
the combined monarchs of the Holy
Alliance. No combination of the other
European nations would be able to
stand against it. The Monroe doc
trine aimed to make America safe for
democracy. It is now complemented
by the Wilson doctrine, which aims
to make the world safe for democracy
by destroying Prussianism in its cita
del. The American people fight for the
doctrine that Prussianism may not de
stroy democracy in detail and may not
use success in Europe as the vantage
point for starting its destruction in
America, We see now. that the only
way to establish peace founded on
freedom and Justice is to destroy the
root-cause from which most wars
spring.
Importance of standardizing meth
ods of production of a staple commod
ity like beet sugar is shown by the re
port of the Federal trade commission,
which points out that although com
panies producing 99 per cent of the
beet sugar of the United States during
the five years ending with the fiscal
year 1913-4 earned an average of 11
per cent profits, there were some con
cerns that actually lost money, while
others made as high as 45 per cent
The same condition was generally true
as to the cost of growlngand market
ing beets, which ranged from $35 to
$55 an acre. The prices at which beets
were sold pveraged from J60 to $75
an acre. Profits of growers were high
est in California,' Colorado and Utah,
where the best cultural methods are
employed, and lowest In Michigan,
which still lags at the rear of the pro
cession, although it was one of the
first states to enter upon the industry.
Lack of efficient methods of cost-accounting
is believed to be at the bot
tom of the farmers' troubles in this
regard.
The surprising disclosure is made in
the report of the Presbyterian board
of foreign missions that results from
its work have been more marked in
the past year than in peace times. All
missionaries in Africa, Syria and Per
sia have been maintained at their
posts, notwithstanding the disturbed
conditions of those countries, and
funds for their support have been
quite generously forthcoming, al
though the demands for money for
exceptional occasions have been more
pressing than ever before in history.
The missionaries have enlarged the
scope of their activities' and have kept
many thousands of people from star
ving, while they have also expended
considerable sums for ransoms for
girls who had been abducted by rov
ing bands of outlaws. There has, how
ever, been a compensating improve
ment in the spirit in which the work
of the missionaries has been received,
which it is believed will be fruitful of
largo results in years to come.
According to Senator Curtis, Uncle
Sam is a most negligent guardian of
his Indian wards. In favor of a res
olution authorizing investment of In
dian funds in Liberty loan bonds, he
said there was $11,000,000 of these
funds in the treasury which was draw
ing no interest, and that one tribe had
$600,000 of that sum, though some of
its members were "really starving."
Fortunately for the Indians, Uncle
Sam wants to borrow the money
himself, so they will soon eat.
The Germans are charging that
prisoners have been importing cigar
ettes containing disease germs for kill
ing their cattle. But they should not
worry. It will be impossible to get
the cattle to smoke the pesky things.
It may surprise Portland to learn
that as many as twenty men find reg
ular employment in making the mag
nificent cone that holds Oregon ice
cream. Judging from the reports on the
shipping situation emanating from
Paris, even wooden vessels would be
acceptable to the people of that coun
try. Heat is burning up the crops in
Germany, while rains are saving the
grain in Oregon. It looks as if the
elements were on our side, at last.
Women in trousers are wiping
Northern Pacific engines near Spo
kane and it goes without saying the
choo-choos are as slick as whistles.
The report from Oakland of a car
that righted itself after a somersault
fails to name the make of machine,
but it is guessable.
With the big credit for enlistments
applied on .Oregon's quota, only those
afraid to go may be the fellows
drafted.
Prince von Buelow hopes for peace
with indemnity, but that is just what
our Liberty loan was designed to pre
vent. .
Judging by the personnel of the
boards, the conscript who gets past
on exemption will not be fit to shoot
at.
Who's on the weather Job just now?
If it's the new man he's excusable. If
It isn't, "coises on him!"
The sharpshooter scores on the
bullseye. but the Navy gunner rings
the bell on a periscope.
Hood River's strawberry crop is not
as large as expected, but the berries
are full size.
Why does a man save empty whis
key bottles? They are not good ex
hibits. Cherries will not be as plentiful, but
do not begrudge the birds the few they
get.
Nobody need await the solicitor.
Ring him up.
Listen to the river drop.
- Hov to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Etua
Questions pertinent to erglene. sanitation
and prevention of disease. If matters of gen
eral Interest, will be answered In this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for Individual diseases. Re
quests for such services cannot be suveres.
Copright, 1916, by Dr. W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
BAX.O AS GOOD FOR VS.
MOST fruits are eaten because
somehow we sense that they
are good for us. When we compare
their cost on the basis of ''od values
we find that we pay rather high
prices for them.
Bananas are both wholesome and nu
tritious. Furthermore, we do not pay
overly much for food values when we
buy them in the shape of bananas.
There are two objections to them.
First, they are soft, do not require
much chewing, and the temptation to
gulp them unchewed la very strong.
Asji rule foods which njed much chew
tr are hard and must be chewed to be
swallowed easily. Bananas do not car
ry this self-regulating quality. They
can be swallowed easily when unchew
ed and they need chewing.
Second, they look good and they taste
good when they are too green to be
eaten to advantage. In this they do
not resemble persimmons. Bananas
are most nutritious, most digestible,
and most palatablo when the peeling is
largely light brown. Most people re
gard them as too ripe at the time. At
this stage the raw starch is nearly all
gone and they are nearly one-fifth
sugar. Ttfe sugar lc mostly sucrose, a
very wholesome form. When bananas
are the creamy yellow that appeals
most to the eye and have the banana
flavor well developed they are not
quite ripe.
According to Sherman," a pound of
banana meat contains 447 calories.
-- npare this with: Grapes. 437; pears.
288; apples, 2S5; peaches, 213; straw
berries. J69; watermelon, 136; potatoes,
378, and sweet potatoes, 55S.
The ash of bananas is very similar to
that of potatoes. Therefore, when eat
en with meat banana- make an alkali
ash to offset the acid ash of meat, just
as is the case with potatoes. However,
a person eating bananas will do well
to eat wheat, bran, or some other food
as an additional ash.
Mrs. Mayer and Rose .studied the
utilization of the nutriment material In
bananas in a series of persons having
such disorders as rheumatism, Brishfs
disease, and tuberculosis. They found
that the system absorbed the nutritious
elements from bananas very well and
made very good use of them. They
found them excellent food, especially in
Bright's disease. For instance, they
made use of the following diet to ad
vantage. Seven ounces cream soup.
Three ounces bread, butter,, and sug
ar as needed.
Seven ounces of milk In the morning
and ten ounces in the evening.
Ten ounces of mashed ripe bananas
at each of the piree meals.
Another good point of bananas Is
that they are eaten raw. This has an
economic aS.antage in thrt the cost of
cooklrsr is something of an item. It is
of some health advantage In that some
ferments necessary for continued good
health do not stand cooking tempera
tures. We need a certain small amount of
raw food. It is safe to eat raw banan
as because the thick peel protects the
meat Trora pollution In handling. If
bananas are not thoroughly ripe the
raw starch can be converted by cook
ing. DOIBTIESS 1V1IOOPIXG COUGH.
' Mrs. A & writes: "I have two little
girls, aged 7 and 6, with a cough which
I recognize In the one as whooping
cough in the other it sounds more like
a croupy cough, but on account of it
continuing in severity for three weeks
I am of the opinion it must be the
whooping cough, too. I had her to a
doctor and received medicine which,
after taking for a week. has not
changed it any. What I would like to
know can it be whooping cough
without the characteristic whoop and
do they have fever with it? She awakes
in the morning normal and by noon she
has 100 4-5, at which point it remains
all day. Can this be anything else, or
can you tell me what to do?"
REPLY.
It la reasonably certain that both children
have whoopirg cough. There is fever with
whooping cough In the earlier stages. Chil
dren with whooping cough may or may not
whoop. It is rather late now for vaccine to
be of service. Watch over her closely until
the fever stage has passed. 6ho will need
little or no medicine.
APOPLEXY.
E. II. M. writes: "A lady 73 years of
age had a stroke of apoplexy one year
ago, which paralyzed her left side. She
has never recovered her health and
cannot walk without the aid of a cane,
and then with difficulty. Is there any
thing she can take to give her strength,
and is she likely to have another
stroke?"
REPLY.
Have ber exercise as much as her muscles
will stand without undue fatigue. tihe is
likely to have another stroke.
MODIFY THE DIET.
M. D. B. writes: "Kindly advise best
treatment for my baby 2 months old.
After the first thre. weeks I have had
to rlve her castor oil, castoria, Mc
Gregory's powder, or some purge, and
often after giving the two latter I
have to relieve her with ..n enema,
am healthy, have enough milk, and eat
much bran bread. What remedy will I
pursue t- help her?"
. REPLY. s
' Modify your diet. Eat r- re fruit and
vegetabua. You can give your baby a little
thoroughly strained orange Juice. If these
measures do not suffice use a soap stick.
Blow up on castor oil and other purgatives.
ARMY AND NAVY REQUIREMENTS.
Constant writes: "Will you be kind
enough to advise me the minimum
weight required for a man 6 feet 7
Inches high to be taken in the army?
Also what chest measurements are nec
essary at minimum for this height?"
REPLY.
A navy circular gives 5 feet seven Inches.
134 pounds, and S4 inches chest measure as
the standard. A variation of 10 pounds in
weight and two inches in chest measure
ment is allowed if the applicant is active,
has firm muscles, and is evidently vigorous
and healthy. The Army requirements do
not differ radically from the Hhove.
His Financial Status.
Philadelphia Bulletin.
Belle He said he was a millionaire's
son. and I find he is working for $10
a i(ja That looks suspicious. A mil
lionaire's son couldn't get over $5.
IT IS SMALL THING ASKED OF YS
Merely That We Open Parses, to Aid
Those Who Offer Much More for Is.
AIRLIE. Or.. June 23. (To the Edi
tor.) We are rocked In the cradle of
fancied security from any foe. Partly
because we are strong, partly because
of the suDDOsed protecting rx-ean and
partly because the soothing Inrush of
gold has stilled our sense of reason.
Quietly we have-watched the sicken
ing: struggle., Proudly wo have called
ourselves the allies of those whose days
are ending on the side of liberty.
Foolishly we have postponed prepara
tion for the days that are bound to
come.
And now. with the flames of Kaiser
ism on the verge of overcoming our
weakening champions of liberty, Amer
ica stands like a sphynx awaiting- her
turn. Even today we hear men ob
jecting to liberty bonds and Red Cross
donations, calling it a poor investment,
a waste of wealth and a chance for
graft.
Think of any man enjoying the
fruits of llbtrty. won by those who
have gone before, protesting lest ie
endure the excruciating pain. the
heart-rending agony of opening his
purse in public opening his purse to
buy a bandage for our brothers' sons
who are holding the fort today, and
for our own sons who must hold that
fort tomorrow.
We can do nothing less than sub
scribe to the relief of our wounded
without exposing the callous that cov
ers our hearts, and the selfishness that
submerges our souls. Do we refuse to
subscribe to the Red Cross fund be
cause we cannot spare the money?
Are we not asking other men to sur
render what none of us care to spare,
and that Is lire or limb?
Much can be said of America, but
let no one say that we are too selfish
to give our all to those who lay down
their lives for our liberty. We should
not subscribe to the Red Cross grudg
ingly because we cannot spare the
money, but willingly because it is a
duty demanded of those who claim the
rights of American citizenship.
E. B. BIRKEXBEUEL.
WHY MERELY "REGULATE" PIRACY f
Suppression la Proper Thin a; to Apply
. to Food Speculation.
PORTLAND. June 24. (To the Edi
tor.) While Samuel Gompers has been,
and Is, very radical in many of his
utterances on public questions, his
characterization of the food speculators
at this time as "pirates" will meet-the
approbation of every lover of the Con
stitution of the United States and the
principles for which it stands. Just
now there is no greater enemy of our
country than the man who buys food
or even other necessaries of iife for
the purpose of advancing prices. It is
a mercenary "outrage that should be
prevented by the intervention of the
strong arm of the Government
Smith, the wheat raiser, produces it
for the market which is afforded by
Jones, the'eonsumer. and the latter is
willing to allow Smith a reasonable
profit on his Investment and labor, but
Brown, or an association of Browns,
having available money, steps in and
gets control of the wheat and says to
Jones, "Pay me an advance on what
Smith got for his wheat or iro hunirrv .'
But the question Is. Why should Jones
be subjected to this sort of a hold-up?
What has Brown to do with the raising
of the wheat? Why should he be a
tactor in the transaction further than
a means of effecting .the interchange?
And even for that purpose he is not a
commercial necessity. This imposition
on the consumer of products in areneral
has been the inspiration of all the
trust-busting legislation during the
past L'Q years ail without any result
whatever and it is to be hoped that
notwithstanding th' endless gabfest
" " euiiift uii in v.uugreas on tne mat
ter the time is near when the "pirates,"
long endured, will be eliminated alto
gether. Even Senator Borah, generally level
headed and sane, is opposing the food
regulation bill, and said the other day
in debate that he would admit that
"speculation in foods should be regu
lated." But why regulated? Why
should the speculator be permitted at
all? What legitimate Interest in the
progress of the race does he foster?
Why should the consumer of foodstuffs
be compelled to pay an added price for
the necessaries of life that the pro
ducer of them never sees?
Senator Borah had much better have
said the speculator in foods should be
altogether suppressed than that any
sort of pirate should be merelv regu
lated. T. T. GEEK.
Coos Cows Do Better.
MYRTLE POIXT, Or., June 22. ,To
the Editor.) In The Oregonian June 19
I notice an article headed "Cows Show
Good Profit." Coos County cows can
go them one better.
As shown by the testing records, the
highest producing herd In the Coquille
Myrtle Point Cow Testing Association
averaged 48.7 pounds of butterfat per
cow. The cost of producing a pound
of butterfat was 9 cents and the selling
price 59 cents, making a profit of 924.35
per cow for a period of 30 days ended
May 31.
The best cow of this herd was credit
ed with 71.4 pounds of butterfat. Ninety-eight
of the 709 cows tested during
the month produced over -60 pounds of
butterfat. C. H. BRYANT.
How Bodies Float.
PORTLAND, June 24. (To the Edi
tor.) In what position does the body
of a drowned man usually float, face
up, or will a body float on its back?
And will the limbs remain firm and
straight for a period of 30 days or
more if not held by some object other
than the clothes on them?
A SUBSCRIBER.
The body of a drowned woman will
always float face up, while the body
of a drowned man always floats face
down. There Is no known cause for
this. The limbs of a drowned person
will not remain rigid for that period.
Women Injure Own Cause.
ILWACO. Wash., June 23. (To the
Edttor.) When I read of the women
suffragists' grandstand pT at Wash
ington, when they unfurled their trea
sonable banner for the Russian mis
sion to gaze upon, asking for Nations',
enfranchisement, I bowed my head in
shame to think that at this critical
time which our Nation is facing the
entire female species should be iishon
ored by, an act of a radical, frenzied
mob of women.
National enfranchisement will ne er
come through such methods, and in
such acts as these Kipling's "Female
of the Species" hits us.
MRS. EDGA-1 HAWKINS.
Pronunciation of New Words.
TILLAMOOK. Or., June 23. (To the
Editor.) (1) Please give the accepted
pronunciation of the coined words,
"pacifist." "pacificist" and "pacifism."
(2) Is there any authority for the Word,
"pacificist," which is accredited to Presi
dent Wilson In the report of one of his
addresses?
JOHN LELAND HENDERSON.
(1) Pacifist pass l-fist; pacificist
pa-clf-l-sist; pacifism pass-i-f ism.
42) It Is given in the Century Dic
tionary. Marrlsge and Trance.
Judge.
He Here's a woman suing for divorce
on the ground that she was in a trance
when she got married.
His Better Half Well, if marriage
won't brlnf " of It, divorce
won't
In Other Days.
Half a Century Aio.
From The Oregonian. June 23. 1867.
H. M-' Hodfra, late Democratic can
didate for Sheriff In "Walla Walla
County, contests the returns of the
election of A. Seitel on the ground of
alleged fraud. Seitel was the inde
pendent candidate, and the aetums
gave him a majority of seven.
As Mr. Ireland, of the Enterprise.
and Mr. Elijah Bennett, of this city,
were passing down Front street, near
Harrison, yesterday morning a buzzing
was heard overhead, and, on looking
up, they, discovered a swarm of lees.
Mr. Bennett happened to be carrying
two empty cans; he dropped one and
commenced pounding on the other, and
dirt was thrown among the swarm.
In a few minutes they were very
snugly hived. Quick work.
Dr. Cool has gone to Victoria and
towns on the Sound on a professional
visit and will return in about six
weeks.
Thomas H. Reynolds, formerly an
attache of The Oregonian office, now
Deputy Sheriff of Marion County, paid
our city a flying visit on official busi
ness.
Arrived Bark Live Yankee, Wlggin.
master, Saturday evening, 23 days from
San Francisco to Astoria.
Twenty-five Years Abo.
From The Oregonian, June 25, 1S92.
Chicago. June 23. Aldal E. Stevenson
was today nominated for " the Vice
Presidency on the Democratic ticket
Illinois state, with Its 48 votes, at a
critical stage, turned the tide In favor
of the nomination of Grover Cleveland
for President,
The ever-popular slde-wheel steamer
Ocean Wave will make her Initial
beach trip for the season to Ilwaco
today, leaving the Taylor-street wharf
at 9 A. M.
Portland yesterday beat Tacoma 21
to 17, but had to use .1 three pitrhers
to do it. Captain White was fined
twice by Umpire Knight, once for re
marking familiarly on one of Knight's
decisions, "That's right, Lon, old boy."
and again for arguing.
Thomas B. McDevitt filed his bond
as Justice of the Peace of the North
Portland district yesterday.
The graduating exercises of the class
of June, "92, will take place at the
high school Monday evening, Juno 27.
Rv Roland D. Grant will deliver the
address to the class.
NATION MIGHTY IN ITS WEALTH
Brains, as Well as Money, Are Asset of
Country Struggle.
PORTLAND. June 23.--(To the Ed
itor.) Subscriptions to the liberty loan
and the Red Cross funds " monstrated
that the real wealth of thlf. country Is
greater than ever before, f nd that the
war wiir not be permitted to interrupt
prosperity. Ne-er before have th
farmers received so much money for
the food their lands have given them,
while their herds of cattle, sheep and
hogs In no less degreo aid in swelling
the bank account. ,
Our population is steadily increasing,
which means greater envelopment of
resources. It means more people to
grow grain and cereals, discover more
mines, to raise more hrds and to
manufacture more of our raw materials
Into useful and valuable products. Al
most every man produces more than
he consumes, so the growth of popula
tion in a country whose resources are
limitless, means a rapid addition to its
prosperity.
The educational system of the United
States, also. Is making the majority of
our citizens far more useful to them
selves and of more benefit to their
fellowman. This Is a land. too. where
almost any wapreworker who is thrifty
can have and enjoy a home of his own,
and many things that a few years ago
were luxuries to be enjoyed only by the
rich are now within the reach of the
man who makes his own living and the
livelihood of others.
With the steady progress the world
is making, new discoveries in every
line and profession are making life far
safer and more enjoyable. A discovery
has practically stopped the ravages of
smallpox, the terrors of diphtheria have
vastly been lessened, and, no doubt,
there will soon be discovered the cause
and cure for the deadly cancer. While
other maladies defy all medical science,
let us hope that a means of successful
treatment will yet be found.
And, although this country is Just
entering a most powerful world war.
we believe, with our material progress,
our remarkable mental and financial
growth, there need be,no fear of prices
or periods of great depression. We
have got real wealth In our soil, in our
mountains and In the brains of our citi
zens. Then, while our state and Na
tion are prosperous, let us be united In
not allowing -anything to prevent - It
from continuing prosperous. .
M W. WAITE.
He Saw Her There,
N. Y. Sun.
He Haven't I seen you somewhere
sometime?
She Quite likely. I was there.
Boyhood Days.
By James Barton Adams
The poet twangs his tuneful lyre and
dives into the thema of boyhood long
ago when life was as a golden dream;
the sparks of Inspiration shoot from
out his dreamy eyes as spreads he o'er
the paper his imaginative lies. He
prates about the outdoor sports, the
merry romping plays, the freedom from
all trouble in our bread and butter
days, but overlooks the childish pains
we had to grin and bear while yet In
knickerbockers and infrequently combed
hair, in the "happy" days of boyhood
long ago.
At first a siege of cheeky mumps
our souls would aggravate, and after
that swell time the measly measles
played a date, and after they'd tattooed
our pelts our mothers used to float
our inward movables with dope, 'twould
queer an alley goat. The chicken-pox
and nettle rash contributed their share,
with other somewhat lesser Ills to
which boyhood was heir in proving that
the poets lie when they so glibly sing of
what a heaven on earth it was when
life was In its Spring, in the "Joyous"
days of boyhood long ago.
We'd limp around with toes tied up in
dirty muslin rags where we had sorely
stubbed them against bally rocks and
snags, and when a smallpox scare arose
a hundred miles away, our vaccinated
arm were sore, preventing us from
play. When tempted by the devil we'd
play hookey from the school and sneak
away to slosh 'round In the old town
swimmin' hole, till our sun-blistered,
backs was sore, then we would home
ward plod to have the soreness added
to by dad's corrective rod, in the "hal
cyon" days of boyhood long ago.
We'd have to wash our unchaste feet
and go to bed at dark, and on the Sab
bath day we had to toe the pious mark
and go to church both day and night
and hear the parson prea-jh on subjects
tiresome to us. for they were beyond
our reach. Not one duy of the seven
but the pleasures that we knew by Ills
were overbalanced from a boyhood
point of view; not pleasing is the pic
ture as we cast a backward glance to
days when we were kiddles in our dad's
made over pants, in the "glorious" days
of boyhood long ago.
i