Morning Oregonian., June 18, 1917, Page 6, Image 6

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THE MORNING OREGOXIAX, MONDAY, JUNE 15, 1917.
(Brmonxm
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rOBTXAND, MONDAY, il"SE 18, 1911.
OBSTBl'CXrN'G FOOD CONTROL.
Again a "little knot of wilful men"
In the Senate obstructs legislation
necessary to defense of the Nation.
When every hand and brain in Con
press should be employed on the sin
gle task of forging weapons to place
in the hands of President Wilson
wherewith to fight our enemies, a few
men are filibustering to prevent ac
tion on the food control bill. They
should be openly branded as what they
are men who give aid and comfort to
the enemy. However ostensibly in
nocent may be their motive, the effect
of their conduct is anti-American and
pro-German. They give rise to sus
picion that their motive is pro-German.
Food is as essential a munition in
this war as gunpowder. The United
Btates must supply the allies with the
main part of the quantity by which
their own production will fall short
of their needs. Only by the most com
plete organiaztion under absolute con
trol can we insure that the supply in
prospect shall suffice for both our own
and our allies' needs. That it shall be
adequate requires a perfect distribu
tion system and prevention of waste.
Only a directing genius such as Mr.
Hoover can accomplish this, and lie
can succeed only with broad powers.
By directing distribution he can also
prevent prices from reaching unrea
sonable figures.
It speaks ill for the statesmanship
and patriotism of Congress that, when
this is the military situation and when
harvest is close at hand, it should per
mit any member even to make an un
necessary speech, much less to filibus
ter, for by losing time for us he gains
time for the Germans. Congress has
been in session nearly two and one
half months since the declaration of
war, but always it has lagged behind
the executive branch of the Govern
ment, which was none too ready at the
start. The progress of the draft bill
and of every other bill relating to the
war has been blocked with words and
with objections from men who failed
to realize that arguments which would
be quite sound in time of peace must
be swept aside in the emergency of
war, or from men who regard some
obstructive private interest more than
they regard the supreme National in
terest, or even from men who, through
secret sympathy with the enemy,
would prefer that we make war
weakly.
Congress would have done well to
pattern after the Canadian Parliament.
Its war session lasted just five days,
and during that period it granted the
government all the power necessary to
Its part in the war. At the present
pace. Congress will not have done as
much in five months. Canada's Par
liament saw that war changes condi
tions fundamentally, and without
hesitation it made a revolutionary
extension of the government's power
in all directions. Congress, its mem
bers wrapped up in private schemes or
In serving special interests in their
districts, shrinks with terror from the
suggestion of granting broad powers to
an executive officer, lest perchance he
abuse them. To the mind of the aver
age Congressman the very self-devotion,
singleness of purpose, organizing
genius, efficiency and unshakable in
tegrity which Mr. Hoover has dis
played are the best reasons for not
giving him such power. They pic
ture him riding roughshod over care
fully nourished schemes worked by
their political friends. They view with
horror a vast amount of work to be
done by volunteers for the duration of
the war only, which might have been
the basis for much fat patronage to be
continued long after the war ends. In
their estimation this volunteer service
spoils the whole political game; it is
unprofessional and is not to be toler
ated.
These Congressmen foster the idea
that the purpose of the President
and Mr. Hoover in urging passage
of the food control bill is to revo
lutionize the entire existing machi
nery for the distribution and mar
keting of food, to throw every mid
dleman out of a job and to close
the exchanges. The purpose seems to
be, on the contrary, to co-ordinate and
use all of the existing machinery which
serves a useful purpose and to cut out
only that part, probably a small one,
which is superfluous or mischievous.
Only those middlemen would be elim
inated who do nothing but clip a little
off of every dollar's worth of goods on
the Journey from producer to con
sumer, enhancing prices accordingly.
Speculative or competitive buying and
selling based on incorrect knowledge
" of available supplies, which artificial
ly raises prices, would be eliminated.
for exact knowledge would be obtained
and the supply of each commodity
would bo apportioned among domestic
consumers and allied nations according
to their legitimate needs. The experi
ence of Canada in this matter, as re
lated by Mary Franklin Bgan in the
Saturday Evening Post, shows that no
legitimate trade has anything to fear
and that food control would hit only
the relative few who need regulation.
She sums up her discussion of the Ca
nadian High Cost of Living Commis
sion by saying:
After four months of experience, ranging
through the processes of opposition, mis
understanding, doubt, surprise, pleasure and
gratitude, practically the whole business
Interests of Canada are now in complete ac
cord with the government in this under
taking. So it should, and probably will, be In
this country when the machinery of
control to be constructed by Mr. Hoo
. ver is in full operation and when its
working is understood. Those who are
destined to be affected by It would do
well to forget that Individualism
which holds every man's business to
be strictly his own business and to
realize that In war every man's busi
ness is the Nation's business, then to
help the cause along by urging the
laggard Congress to act promptly and
to put more power in Hoover's elbow.
EXEMPTIONS FROM THE DRAFT.
Formal announcement from Wash
ington that the first draft for the Army
under the selective conscription law
will not bo made, or the regulations
governing exemptions promulgated,
until after all the states have report
ed to the Provost-Marshal-General
will serve as a reply to a large number
of inquiries received recently as to
details of the draft and the exemp
tions under it. The details have not
yet been worked out, although It is
expected that they will be completed
in a few days.
There are hopeful signs that the
final arrangements will make the
whole system as impersonal as possi
ble. The nature of the employment
and other circumstances surrounding
the case, and not "pull" or magnetism,
must govern, if the draft is not to be
attended by some heartburnings and
recriminations. This will be accom
plished by leaving to the central au
thorities the large question of what in
dustries are exempt, while the local
boards are intrusted with ascertaining
facts as to dependent relatives and the
truth as to asserted physical disabili
ties. Full publicity in all cases will
contribute to the cause of Justice and
help to put slackers in the class where
they belong.
The precise method of selecting the
Federal tribunals is not so Important
as that they should be as far removed
as possible from all local influences
and considerations. It is not that any
large proportion of our young men
are likely to seek to influence these
bodies unduly, but that in the Interest
of absolute confidence there should be
neither opportunity for nor appear
ance of such influence.
The Federal draft boards, like Cae
sar's wife, should be above suspicion.
HOME CANNING.
' There ought to be some word in the
English language to express the act of
putting up edibles in glass jars and
why will not the word "glassing" do?
If canning expresses the act of put
ting fruits, vegetables and other edi
bles in sealed cans, then why is not
glassing a suitable word when glass
jars are used in place of cans?
6ut call the process what we may,
use what sort of container we may,
there is not a bit of doubt about this
primal fact the housewives of the
country do not pay enough attention to
putting up fruits, vegetables and other
commodities for home use. The in
structors from the Oregon Agricultural
College have done of late years all that
could be expected of them, and more,
to advance this branch of housekeep
ing; but in spite of that and in spite
of all that the newspapers and maga
zines have printed the average house
wife is remiss in what should be one
of her chief duties If she expects In the
slightest degree to reduce the high cost
of living and at the same time have
her table throughout the year supplied
with many of those tasteful and whole
some foods that can be put up in glass
ja-rs, and put up in such a manner
that they will be just as good at the
end of a year or twenty years as the
day after they are prepared.
This season above all seasons the
housewife of Oregon should see that
she has as many jars of fruit in her
cellar as there are days in the fruitless
months of the year; and if she is wise
she wTIl have as many or more jars of
vegetables.
It T true glass Jars are dear this
seaso. but chances are they will be no
cheaper for several years to come. But
the first cost is not alone for this year's
products alone but will cover many
years to come, deducting only a rela
tively slight loss from breakage. Sugar
Is also high and fruits and vegetables
will also be high during the season,
but money invested in a few jars of
vegetables bought when such vegeta
bles are In season will save five or six
times that amount next Winter and
the same is true of fruits.
CHANCED SITUATION OF SEUTBAU.
As a belligerent the United States
is no longer bound in international
law or National honor or comity to
continue to trade with neutrals in any
respect in which It may seem against
our own interests. This fact will have
an important bearing upon the situa
tion of all the neutral countries now
having communication with Germany.
It makes possible, and even probable,
the strict regulation henceforth of all
exports to Holland and Scandinavia,
and probably will operate seriously to
the disadvantage of those countries.
There is no doubt that Germany has
been procuring supplies in large quan
tities from her neutral neighbors, de
spite all British precautions to prevent
this. Where a country like Holland
or Denmark has entered into an un
dertaking not to permit certain ship
ments to reach the Germans, it has
nevertheless been able to export other
goods of its own, replacing them with
those obtained in America. The effect
was precisely the same as if we had
shipped direct to Germany. The Brit
ish early In the war endeavored to as
certain the amount of each commodity
that was absolutely necessary to each
neutral, and to limit receipts to that
amount. But the decree was difficult
of enforcement and was evaded in so
many instances as to have become al
most a Joke. Denmark imported
grain, fed it to cattle and shipped
beef and dairy products to Germany.
Holland did the same. Norway and
Sweden traded openly in everything
they had or could get from America
that Germany wanted.
In the present situation It will be
different. We are free to restrict all
exports from our shores that are likely
either to reach German territory or to
replace other products for the same
purpose. One of the important things
we must learai Is how far the neu
trals with whom we are trading are
helping to provision and munition our
enemy. We shall be compelled to
keep the Dutch and the Scandinavians
rather close to the famine line, for
our own protection, if Individuals
among them persist in trading across
the border. It looks like a hard meas
ure, but it is for us a war necessity.
Eilher Holland and the others must
stop feeding Germans or we shall re
fuse to feed them. It matters not
whether it is done directly or indi
rectly no act of ours must be permit
ted to give aid or comfort to the foe.
There is one condition upon which
the present neutrals might become
free to trade with us unrestrictedly.
That would be through their entry
Into the war on our side. They then
would be able to get all the food we
could spare them. Uncle Sam holds
a winning hand, but he will use his
advantage justly, though sternly. It
Is in his power to force the neutrals
to become belligerents or starve. He
will not do this, but he 'Will insist on
an exceedingly strict embargo. And
the situation is made still more dif
ficult by the possibility that Germany
will threaten reprisals on the innocent j
neutrals if they shut down on trade.
It is the way of war. The position of
every nation not actually at war
hourly becomes more intolerable. The
Summer Is quite likely to see still fur
ther additions to the side of the en
tente. MORE BUCKWHEAT.
Every year the people of Oregon
consume hundreds of tons of buck
wheat, and aside from that consumed
here the cereal mills of the state grind
a still larger amount which is shipped
to other states. Yet only a small por
tion of It is grown in Oregon.
Why? We can grow as good buck
wheat here as in any other part, of
the country, can get as good a yield
per acre, can make it pay as well as
any other cereal. Yet it is a crop
practically overlooked by our farmers.
It would be unwise for the land owner
to make If a rule to sow buckwheat
as a staple crop in place of wheat,
barley or oats. There are few sections
of the country where that Is done. But
as a by-product buckwheat should
hold a place on every farm for the
reason that it is a grain that can be
sown very late in the season, say up
to July 1, and give a mature crop in
90 days. No other cereal, therefore,
has such a place in the list of crops
to be raised on land where the Spring
or Fall-planted grain has failed to
make a good stand.
Buckwheat can be sown right now,
or during the next two weeks, and
with anything like favorable weather
conditions will make a profitable crop
before Fall. It Is a well-known fact
that there are thousands of acres of
land sown last Fall or last Spring
where the stand is so poor as to make
no promise of a crop worth harvest
ing this year. Why not put this land
in good condition and sow it to buck
wheat? Anyhow, why not try a few acres?
Chances are that the land owner who
does this will in the future find him
self making more money than the ones
who do not utilize their land where
the Fall or Spring-sown grains have
failed.
THE 8 OUT, OF GERMANY.
It is natural in times like the pres
ent to speculate upon how the world
came to be as it is, . and especially by
what process was developed the spirit
that possesses our enemies. For the
student of history knows that the sur
face indications, taken by themselves.
may be misleading, and that so deep-
rooted a trait as the ruthlessness of
official Prussia, for example, cannot
be explained as spontaneous or acci
dental. Nietzsche, with his immoral
defense of the lordly egoist and his
daring idealization of the inhumane
victor in the struggle for existence.
does not by himself account for the
atrocities in Belgium. The fact that
his doctrine found a receptive audi
ence remains to puzzle us. World
domination, the superman, upholding
of untruth as valid if it accomplishes
"high purpose," go deep into the
root of the matter. Not only history
as It Is written in the official records,
but every available fact that throws
light on the manners and customs of
a people in the past, must be studied
if we are to comprehend the processes
by which the Present has been made
what it is, and if we are to avoid the
same pitfalls ourselves In the years
to come.
An Englishman, Thomas A. F.
Smith, Ph. D., who has written a book
on "The Soul of Germany," believes
that much may be explained by the
spirit in which teaching is approached
in the schools of Germany, particu
larly in Prussia. We in America have
so long been accustomed to having
emphasis placed on the development
of character as the Drlme reauisite of
the course of study that we are in
clined to take it for granted that It is
so everywhere. But Mr. Smith, who
was English lecturer In the University
of Erlangen and a teacher in other
German schools for twelve years, as
serts that under the German system
extreme- weight is attached to pure
knowledge and mental training. "It
is," he said, "no part of the German
school system to form character."
Questions relating to character are
matters for the nursery and home.
But that Americans have their own
views as to that will be seen from the
opposite policy they not only have
tolerated but Insisted upon in our
schools. The author has told Ger
man teachers. In lecturing to them,
that they gave too much importance
to the verb 'to know," and too little
to the verb "to be." What he says
in this connection is interesting. For
instance:
A century ago the Germans emerged from
serfdom and for that unripe human material
Germany has bnllt up a great system of
institutions, which Impart knowledge. Irre
spective of the individual's capability of re
ceiving and assimilating it. It would be
unwise to graft an Kton and Oxford educa
tion on every street wair or son or tne
fields. That is exactly what Germany for
nearly a century has been doing en masse.
The superstructure is too splendid and
heavy for its foundations, with this result
Germans. Individually ana collectively are
suffering from too much knowledge without
the necessary character to balance It.
We find a sharp contrast between
the German discipline and that of the
English and those who have read
"Tom Brown's School Days" will ap
preciate it all the more in reading
Mr. Smith's chapter on education. He
says that in the German school if
there Is a quarrel between boys, the
aggrieved one must report it to the
master or the rector. If he should
take the law Into his own hands, he is
treated as if he had been the aggres
sor and receives the punishment him
self. This custom of reporting all
grievances is called "denunzlatlon,"
and It is a "disease by no means re
stricted to the boys and their mas
ters." Naturally, as a habit acquired
In youth, it has roots that spread
throughout the nation. The author
does not deal with the political spy
system, but he permits- the inference
that the perfection and the disadvan
tages of the one may be influenced
by the same factors in the other. It
is called "tattling" and "talebearing"
In our own schools, and is neither
viewed with favor by the pupils nor
encouraged by most teachers. For we
have rather grown to admire the lad
who manages to settle his small griev
ances in his own way, and we encour
age the spirit In the higher institu
tions in which matters of routine dis
cipline are intrusted to the student
bodies themselves. Our trend in this
respect Is in a direction opposite to
that described by Mr. Smith in his
review of the German method.
It all Is efficient enough from the
viewpoint of discipline and authority,
but It does not require a straining of
the imagination to catch a glimpse of
the ultimate effect. Mr. Smith as
serts that "denunziation." which. It
may be added, becomes altogether un
lovely If It is called "spying," extends
to many departments. We should be
unlikely to tolerate it here at home,
in any event. Allowance may be made
for the fact that the author writes as
an Englishman in entire sympathy
with his own country, but he is dis
passionate in relating his facts. hat
he says may serve to explain a good
many things that Americans have not
understood. And above all, the dis
parity between "knowing" and "be
ing," so aptly pointed out by the
writer, does shed much light on some
of the momentous events of the re
cent past.
The cry "Raise rabbits and be inde
pendent of the food situation" has
been raised in the East as a natural
outgrowth of the general food cam
paign. The extreme fecundity of the
rabbit is being emphasized as an ar
gument in its favor, together with the
fact that it thrives on food that is easy
to raise and would otherwise in many
instances be wasted. In this connec
tion the Interesting statement Is made
that France is now eating 100.000,000
rabbits a year; that England in peace
times imported rabbits from Ostend
of the value of $10,000 a day, show
ing that prejudice against the rabbit
as food is really unjustified. It is also
declared that the Belgian hare is
really a rabbit, while the common
jackrabbit is a hare. The propaganda
is being directed . to stimulating
interest in the animal as an economic
factor and not as a fad, and warning
Is given against the payment of ridic
ulous prices for fancy stock, as was
done at the height of the craze a few
years ago.
A valuable suggestion to aid discov
ery of means to combat the submarine
Is made by the Washington Post. It
is that the Government publish broad
cast everything it can learn concerning
the structure and equipment of Ger
man submarines, their methods of op
eration and attack and the character
of their weapons. This Information
would cause every inventive genius to
set his wits to work at devising means
of combating the submarine, and out
of the mass might come the one sov
ereign remedy, while much that Is
useful would surely result. If the
brains of the United States should be
fairly pitted against those of Germany,
they ought to win.
It is too late to set hens and the
roosters should be killed or sent to
market. Infertile eggs are the only
kind for the warm months. The fer
tilized egg, on the other hand, deterior
ates from the start. From now until
December the rooster Is a nuisance in
the yards, and if the old hen could
talk, or write, very likely she would
express herself as did the wife who
wrote to Adjutant-General White
about drafting her husband.
Germans who filed their applications
for citizenship before war was declared
have been held by a San Francisco
judge to be entitled to naturalization,
but there Is nothing to prevent those
who desire to become citizens but are
prevented by a technicality from act
ing like Americans while they are
waiting.
Germany will not undertake an or
fensive against Russia so long as an
arrangement seems possible, says a
Berlin official, and there are other rea.
sons, not unconnected with the allies'
operation in the west, why the big
drive in the east will be postponed.
News that a Japanese warship was
torpedoed while seeking submarines in
the Mediterranean is a further Indi
cation that Japan Is in the war with
all her resources, which is a comfort
ing thought while the situation in Rus
sia is as uncertain as it is.
Now the Kaiser says again that the
American forces are nothing to be
afraid of. That's nothing. He spoke
once of Britain's "contemptible little
army," but he has had occasion to
change his mind.
The river is at twenty-two feet and
Is due to go three feet higher. It is
certainly a magnificent body of water.
but every foot additional multiplies
somebody's troubles.
It costs a 200-pound man $25 to
strike a Boy Scout, and it will be a
term in jail for a second offense, if we
are right in our estimate of Judge
Stevenson. '
A good deal will be forgiven the
weather of the past, now- that it has
turned off Just right to kill oft the
cutworms that menaced the wheat
crop.
First day Mr. Beals took hold he
ran it up to 11T in the shade down at
Needles. Mr. Beals learned here to
give folks seasonable weather.
The presentation by Ambassador
Francis of the Root commission to the
Russian Ministers was informal. The
Hon. Dave knows the stuff.
New potatoes are crowding the old
stuff and there has been no sign of
famine. Oregon does not know yet
what the word means.
Even If there is a liberty loan sur
plus to be turned back to the subscrib
ers, plenty of use will be found for it
later on.
The Mayor of Chicago refuses to
buy a liberty bond. What a swatting
he will get when he comes up for re
election.
The schoolboy who has rustled a
vacation job will be one of the men
running this city before many years. .
The man who cut his clover yester
day will be forgiven sooner than the
man who waits and lets it spoil.
Heave a magazine out of the car
window when you pass a Third Ore
gon man on guard.
Taking the pay out of payday Is evi
dently not a popular achievement at
the Presidio.
Portland will have three Mayors
during two weeks, and that is a record.
A day's pay to the Red Cross will
touch lightly on many pocket-books.
The hypopituitarian can qualify for
an anchor in the balloon service.
Not many British slackers will be
found in this country.
Seventeen days to the Fourth. Tret's
go to Vancouver.
Take a trip to the beach and see the
ocean fill up.
They were all "used" cars yesterday.
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. JLm Evaaa,
Questions pertinent to ferglene, sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral Interest, will be answered in this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable letters W1U be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addrvteed envelope
is inclosed. Dr. Evans wilt not make diagnosis
or prescribe for Individual diseases. Re
quests for such services cannot be answered.
Copyright. 1916. by lr. W. A, Kvans.
Published by arrmngement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
8MELL.
TH E organ of smell Is the nose, or,
to speak more accurately, a limited
area of the nose. The cells for smelling
are located In the upper part of the
nose back of the cartilage portion, on
the septum, the roof, and a portion of
the superior turbinated. In these areas
there are nerve cells which come to the
surface between epithelial cells and
which end In a tuft of fine, hairlike
processes. From the other end of the
smell cell a nerve fiber rum through
the thin layer of bone which separates
the roof of the nose from the base of
the brain. Having: pierced the bone, it
enters a nerve offshoot called the olfac
tory bulb and runs thence to the olfac
tory center in the brain.
Odors are fine gases, liquids, and
powders which are diffused by air cur
rents. When they enter the nose and
strike the hairlike fibers of the olfac
tory cells they stimulate them to send
a nerve impulse to the brain. The brain
registers this as an odor. Solid sub
stances do not produce odors until they
have been put in solution by the fluids
of the nose, or other fluids, or have
been volatilized.
The process by which the odoriferous
substances Irritate the olfactory cells is
a chemical one very similar to that by
which light stimulates the sight cells of
the eye. Air can pass along the direct
route from the front of the nose
through the lower nose passages to the
lungs, without stimulating the 'smell
organs. To do this the gas must get up
into the loft of the nose. Therefore.
when one smells of a something he does
not inhale softly and deeply; he sniffs.
The sniffing process draws air into the
top stories of the nose.
It is to be remembered that the nose
Is open both front end back. The odor
from food in the mouth rises through
the back passage and enters the nose
from the rear. A good many qualities
which we call taste are, in reality,
odors. Many fruits and wines will lose
much of their taste if one will hold his
nose wheh eating or drinking them.
hen a person has a baa cold his food
does not taste right simply because it
does not smell right. When aromatic
foods are swallowed the odor rises from
the throat Into the nose. It -is for this
reason that such foods and drinks are
supposed to taste more Just after they
have been swallowed.
The sense of smell is one of the most
delicate of all the senses. The odor of
camphor is detected when diluted 1 to
400.000; that of musk in dilutions of 1 to
8,000,000. At least one substance can
be recognized by its odor when It has
been diluted 1 part to 23 trillion. A
drop of perfume will perfume the air In
a large room.
The sense of smell Is one of the low
est of all senses. It Is one of the
factors which enters Into appetite. It
aids digestion. But It is best developed
In the lower animals. It is said that
man is losing his sense of smell, and
maybe he Is the gainer from the loss.
Howell says: "Among the so-called
special senses that of smell is. perhaps.
the one most closely connected with the
bodily appetites, and over-gratification
or over-indulgences of this sense, ac
cording to historical evidence, has at
least been associated with periods of
marked decadence of virtue among civ
ilized nations."
Tabercalar Turkey.
K. D. writes: "What would be the
result of eating of a roast turkey,
which was afterwards found to be tu
berculous, the meat looking clear and
white and firm, but the liver spotted, so
thrown away without cooking? Would
the cooking kill the germs, or is there
danger for those who ate of It?"
REPLT,
The probability la that you are all right.
The cooking temperature kills tubercle barMll
Tuberculosis usually leaves the muscles (or
meat) unaffected and locates In the oriaDi
liver, lungs, spleen, and Intestines.
Cut the Weeds.
M. F. R. writes: "My husband Is i
hay fever sufferer. His bedroom win
dow faces on a lot full of ragweed.
Would it be advisable to have the rag
weed removed? If so, how can It be ac
complished 7"
REPLT.
He should have the weeds cut as often as
necessary. Probably several varieties of
harmful weeds are to be found on this lot. It
would be better If all the weeds In the neigh
borhood were cut. Soma cities enforce weed
cutting ordinancea
Diet Not Important Factor.
Thank You writes: "Kindly prescribe
a diet for inflammatory rheumatism
caused by the poison from septic sore
throat.
REPLY.
Eat as your appetite and hunger dictate.
Do not underfeed. Eat as much meat as you
need. Drink plenty of water. Rheumatism
is not caused by or greatly influenced by
diet.
The Case Against Cat a.
H. W. writes: "Are cats a menace to
public health and should they be exter
minated?
REPLY.
To a minor extent. It has not been
proved that cats harbor the pathogenic bac
teria which cause ordinary forms of con
tagion. The quarantine rules promulgated
by health departments commonly specify
that cats shall not be allowed to enter quar
antined rooms. The rule is proper, though
there Is little scientific proof on which to
base It. It is possible that cat fleas can
spread plague, though In the first place
plague la an Infrequent disease, and In the
second the fleas from rats are the Import
ant spreading agent.
Canned by Infection.
I. O. IT. writes: "What causes Inflam
matory rheumatism What will prevent
future attacks?"
REPLY.
Inflammatory rheumatism results from In
fection. The Infection secures entrance In
most cases through either the tonsils, teeth.
nose, or genlto-urinary tract. To prevent
future attacks discover the point of entrance
of the Infection and have it attended to.
Bowling for Women.
Interested writes: "Is bowling harm
ful as a sport for womert, taking it for
granted that lightweight balls are used
and it is not overdone?"
REPLT.
No. It Is fine sport and makes for health.
English-Born Resident's Estate.
PORTLAND. June 16. (To the Ed
itor.) How would the estate of an
English-born resident of this country
be divided? Re leaves a wife, son and
daughter, and no will. Property con
sists of English estate or inheritance
converted into cash. SUBSCRIBER.
In general, inheritance of personal
property, such as cash, would follow
the law of the place where he died,
while inheritance of real property
would be governed by the place In
which the property Is situated. In the
case mentioned. If the cash is still In
England. Its disposition would be regu
lated by the law of the place of his
death, subject to the English law. If
In this country, it would be subject only
to the local law.
Song; of the Suburbanite
By J nae Barton Adatss.
OTIS Joy to haste away from the
, labors of the day In the never
ceasing racket of the town, from autos
caseous smell and the streetcar's warn
ing bell and the busy masses rushing
up and down, and to seek for quiet
where there is vigor in the sir under
neath a smokeless heaven's azure dome,
there to revel in the Joys that are never
marred by noise in the quiet of a nice
suburban home.
There la peace and soothing sweetness
in the quiet.
There Is life and Inspiration In the
air.
Out of hearing of the racket and the
riot
Of the busy city lying over there.
When the evening shadows fall and
the songbirds softly call to each other
that it's time to go to bed and the
flowers are asleep and the starry jewels
peep from their settings in the heav
ens overhead, when the passing
breezes sigh soft as mother's lullaby
and the placid moon lets down her nil-
very hair, what a sense of perfect rest
fills the toiler's grateful breast at the
glad release from labor's clinging care.
Every star that In the aiure heavens
twinkles
Seems as reaching downward through
the evening air
And endeavoring to smooth the gath
ered wrinkles
With its tender fingers from the
brow of care.
At the breaking of the day, when we
brush the sleep away from the eyes
that seem reluctant to awake, through
the lattice comes the song of a Joyous
feathered throng as the morning still
ness they so gaily break, and we rise
and greet the - dawn with a sweetly
lasy yawn, all our song-thoughts
breaking into low-hummed words as
we rapturously hear coming to the lis
tening ear such a glad "good morning"
from the happy birds.
O, the beauty of suburban day com
mences
When the cooling breath of morn is
in the breeze.
When the meadow larks are singing on
the fences
And the robins swell the music from
the trees.
VAU'E OF" SERUM IS QUESTIONED
Writer Says Diphtheria Prophylaxis
Haa 3iot Been Demonstrated.
PORTLAND, Or., June 17. (To the
Editor.) In an editorial In The Ore
gonlan entitled "Mastery of Diph
theria," you pay high tribute to Von
Behrlng, recently deceased, who was
the discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin,
made from horse serum. You speak
of his "epochal discovery" as being re
garded by many scientists as "the
crowning medical achievement of the
19th century" and of the debt the
world owes him." You credit him with
having "deprived diphtheria of Its ter
rors by greatly reducing the death
rate from It.
Some of the most distinguished phy
sicians belonging to the drugless
schools of healing call attention to the
fact that from scarlet fever, for which
no antitoxin, serum or vaccine has
been discovered, and which is quite as
formidable a disease, the decrease in
the mortality has been as gr-eat as or
greater than is claimed for diph
theria; that, in general, those two dis
eases keep pace with each other.
You also credit the Von Behrlng nos
trum wilh preventive properties and
declare that "those who have been ex
posed to Infection and who a quarter
of a century ago would have been in
serious danger are now practically al
ways saved by preventive treatment."
The Encyclopedia Brittanica says on
this point: "Prophylactic properties
are also claimed for the serum, but
protection Is necessarily more difficult
to demonstrate than cure, and, though
there is some evidence to support the
claim, it has not been fully made out
. . Prevention has failed."
Occasionally the dally press chron
icles instances of people to whom diph
theria antitoxin was given to make
them Immune who died within half an
hour or so after the dose was admin
istered. But such disastrous results
as serious illness or death following
Its use are not the fault of the rem
edy, we are assured by defenders of
Inoculation. It Is their own fault; they
are oaames or nature, rreaks!"
HELEN" a GRAY.
TRUE ALSATIAXS PREFER FRANCE
People Do Not Associate With Ger
mans, Except Vnder Compulsion.
PORTLAND, June 15. (To the Edi
tor.) A dispatch from Amsterdam
June 5, stating that Alsace is loyal to
Germany is not true. Anyone not i
German who has associated with th
Alsatians (not German emigrants)
knows that the Alsatians prefer to be
long to France. They have their own
clubs, societies and restaurants, and do
not mix or associate with Germans or
have anything to do with them, unless
obliged to. They all speak French ex
cept when they are obliged to speak
German.
Of course the country has filled up
with Germans since the Franco-Ger
man war and these may be in the ma
jority, but the real Alsatian has no use
for Germany. They are all awaiting
anxiously the decisive result of the war
and hope that It Is now only a short
time until all Alsace and Lorraine will
be French again.
The day the French flag flies from
the four corners of the spire of the
Strasbourg cathedral, that day will be
celebrated in a fitting manner. The
way the Germans are treating the old
Alsatians Is shameful. Many families
nave been exiled to Northern Germany
The entry of the United States into the
war has had a profound effect on Alsa
tians. GEORGE WAUIN.
Canning X'nder Steam Preasjnre.
VADER. Wash., June 15. (To the Ed
itor.) I have been told that there is
some kind of an apparatus on the mar
ket used for canning fruit and vege
tables by which the fruit, etc.. Is cooked
under steam pressure. Where can
write for further information?
R. TOWXSEND,
There are two pressure cookers on
the market. One is the Denver Pres
sure Cooker and the other is the Hen-
ninger Pressure Cooker. For Informa
tion as to the success of either com
municate with Helen Cowgill, Exten
sion Department, Oregon Agricultural
College, Corvallls, Or.
Height and Weight of Soldier.
ASTORIA. June 13. (To the Edi
tor.) What Is the minimum require
ment as to height and welpht in the
United States Army? SUBSCRIBER.
Height, 5 feet, 4 Inches;
pounds.
weight, 123
Life of Demand Note.
PORTLAND. June 16. (To the Ed
ltor.) For how long is a note good
which Is payable on demand and on
which Interest has been paid rearularly?
SUBSCRIBER.
Six years.
Want the Other Girl Thinks.
Life.
"Why. Helen. I think 11 proposals in
one weeK IS positively liiunuaeau
In Other Days.
Twenty-Are Years Ago. .
From The Oregonlan. June, 18. 1892. f"""
rom Parrott. once the It i of evei i
seball crank in Portland . made h J
Toi
nasi
nrst appearance in Portlat. . 'as a s: . i
attie pitcner yesterday and was d
featcd. S to .
4
Mrs. .Kate Kowtll, of Sheridan, e
racted a grarin of wheat from her eat .
few days ago that had been encyst
herein for more than 10 years and u
uceessf ully operated on by sevet
physicians.
William Lloyd Garrison preached t' i
other day In Boston and denounced '
Chinese exclusion act In no uncena
terms.
Ira F. Powers for Police Com mi 1
sloner and R. B. Knapp for Fire Co:
missioner appear on the Republic
ticket.
J. L. Robinson, assistant city edftr
of the San Francisco Chronicle, is '
the city, accompanied by his wife.
The Portland & Mount Scott Rallw:
was formally opened yesterday.
Half a Century Ago.
From The Oregonian, June IS. 1S87.
New York. The Pacific Mall steam
er Henry Chauncey has sailed for As
plnwall and among the Oregonian pas
sengers Is Professor Marsh, who takes
out 3:5,000 as an additional endowmen
to the Pacific University of Forest
Grove, of which he is president.
The coal discovered by Mr. Terwil-
liger on the Nehalem Kiver has been
pronounced excellent for certain uses
by Messrs. Knapp and Grant.
T. J. Holmes was elected Mayor of
Portland over J. P. O. Lownsdale yes
terday by a majority of 0. J. J. Hoff
man was elected Recorder over Joseph
Jeffers by 203 majority; C. P. Ferry,
Treasurer, over B. F. Goodwin by 54.
and H. H. Johnson Assessor over Wil
liam H. WetselL
Editors Ireland, of the Enterprise.
and Upton, of the Lafayette Courier,
were in town yesterday.
About 9 o'clock last nipht a pistol
shot was fired at W. R. Hill by some
person as yet to the police unknown.
La rare ears among1 the ladies are now
concealed under the hair and rubber
ears of flesh color of more desirable
proportions are substituted, says the
Court Journal.
ONE TIIIXG THAT PORTLAND KEEDS
Industries Employlnar Hlh-Class Work
men Should Be Encouraged.
PORTLAND, June 17. (To the Edi
tor.) What does Portland need? Many,
very many, are her needs. One in par
ticular is more manufacturing: Institu
tions that will give steady employment
to laborers. Men who earn day wages
help materially In keeping up a city.
By this I mean a pood clans of work
men those with good families and of
good habits (as all good workmen
should have).
There is no more Independent clans
of people in the world today than the
American workman, and there is no
class of people who have more of the
possibilities of a happy, life than they.
The only working-man for whom we
ever feel sorry is the one who is able
to work, who wants work and who can
not find it. Fortuy tely. there is no
such class of peoi in this country
now. There is a Job for every man who
wants one at fair pay. Our workmen
are now getting better wages than
were ever paid in the world before, and
with fewer hours for a day's work in
the bargain.
Portland is most favorably situated
for all kinds of wholesale and retail
manufacturing, has unequaled shipping
facilities, with every social, educational
and religious advantage desired; so
permit the writer to suggest that spe
cial Inducements be held out to reli
able parties who will establish manu
facturing industries in our midst that
must have labor.
Having stated that Portland need?
more laboring men. let me add that it
particularly needs a class who own o
are willing to pay for homes, the sor
that are self-supporting, self-educated
and. If you please, self-made; the klm
America only has produced.
I do not say that Portland does no-
need more capital. It does: but mone;
alone is not all that is necessary, for S
is not what one has. but what one Is
that makes a good citizen. There is
point where the power of money ceases,
and where its degrading influence be
gins. The accumulation of wealth Is
sometimes carried to such extremes as
seemingly to overpower and strangle
all the finer feelings, and one occasion
ally sees a human hog unfit morally
and Intellectually to be recognized by
the average laboring niai. One of Port
land's greatest needs is a class of citi
zens representing the highest type of
true manhood. M. W. WA1TE.
AXTS DO AO H1R1I TO BEES
Presence IVot Desirable, but Xcltfcer
Swarm Nor Honey Suffers Damage
IXDEPESDEXCE, Or., June 13. (To
the Editor.) I have a nice swarm of
bees that the ants are working In.
They appear to be in considerable num
bers. 1 have been told they would do
no harm to the bees or the honey.
Will some of " your readers tell me
something about it? M. II.
Entomologist Lovett of Oregon Agri
cultural College, says that your Infor
mation, In regard to the fact that ants
do not harm the bees or the honey. Is
so far as observations show, correct
While present In the colony, and no'
a thing to be desired, they probably do
no Injury of any kind there. If the
colony Is outside the house proper, and
If you are able to locate it. simply
treat It with a tablespoonful of carbon
blsulfid. Inverting a email tub or simi
lar vessel over the colony after treat
ment and allowing the gas to act for a
period of about six hours.
Correcting- Military I'nf Itaesn.
PORTLAND, June 17. (To the Ed
itor.) Please tell me whether a man
having a hernia or other trouble which
would require an operation, who Is
drafted, can refuse to have such an
operation performed. If the trouble Is
of long standing, would his refusal be
countenanced and he be put in some
other branch of the service? Is there
a law covering mayhem which would
uphold him. and would he be exempted
from service? TROUBLED.
The rules governing exemptions have
not been announced. However, It Is
quite probable that If a minor operation
would make a man physically fit for
military service. It would be expected.
Allen OwtxersalB of Land.
BEAVERTOS. Or.. June IS. (To the
Editor.) Please tell me whether an
alien can hold land In the state of
Washington. OLD SUBSCRIBER.
He can.
Xaval Enlistments for Four Tears.
OREGON" CITT. Or, June 13. (To
the Editor.) Are the present enlist
ments in the Navy (or the term of four
rcara or the domtton of the war?
THEODORE D. CASE.
For four years.
'A