8
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, JUNE 11, 1917,
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FOBTLAND, MONDAY, JUNK 11, 1917.
IBIS PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE TO RUSSIA
President' Wilson's message to Rus
sia on ' the war aims of the United
States tells in plain, forcible language
for what purposes the American peo
ple have embarked in the war. It
should sweep away all the misconcep
tions which prevail among: a certain
part of the Russian people as to the
meaning of the phrase: "No annexa
tion, no indemnities," which have no
doubt been studiously fostered by Ger
man propagandists. It should serve
,tvs a basis for close, hearty co-operation
of the American and Russian peo
ples with the other allies in removing
the Prussian menace. In rearranging
the frontiers of European states on
truly national lines and in binding; the
yiations together in a perpetual league
of peace.
The Russian , people so suddenly
emerged from subjection to a despot
Into the fullest liberty in-the midst of
"war that some confusion of thought as
to the way in which they should use
their newly won power in further
prosecution of the war was natural.
All their memories of war were asso
ciated with conquest and annexation.
The will of Peter the Great was be
lieved to have been the chart by which
the Czar's course had been steered.
That policy had brought them no
benefit: it had cost the lives of many
of their sons without improving their
lot or lightening the weight of tyranny.
It was In flat contradiction of the in
stinct for liberty which had prompted
thd revolution. Their first Impulse
was to repudiate It by declaring
against either annexation or indemnity.
German emissaries, whose masters
lived in dread of defeat, were not
Blow to twist this declaration to their
own purpose. They tried to commit
nussia to the principle that no terri
tory should be taken from the cen
tral empires and that no reparation
should be exacted for their manifold
crimes. They spread the Impression
that the Western allies were fighting
a war of conquest and that the pro
visional government intended to carry
out the Czar's plans of aggrandize
ment, both for Russia and her allies.
Hence came divided counsels and
confusion in Petrograd, fraternizing
with the Germans and desertion by the
Russian soldiers.
The President In a few trenchant
paragraphs ruthlessly exposes the
entire German fabric of falsehood.
Beginning witli reaffirmation of Amer
ica's freedom from selfish ends, he
shows that the ruling classes of Ger
many are using the oppressed classes
to restore the status quo ante that is,
the conditions existing before the war
and to preserve the chain of intrigue
by which Germany's allies are under
her domination, also to evade making
reparation to the nations whose lands
and shipping Germany has ravaged.
He declares that the war is the product
of the status quo ante and that this
must be so changed as to establish
"the liberty, the self-government and
the ' undictated development of all
peoples" in order "to prevent any such
hideous thing from ever happening
again." He opposes all Indemnities
"except those that constitute payment
lor manifest wrongs done." Then "the
brotherhood of mankind" must be
established by "some common cove
pant." The President may well say that
"for these things we can afford to
pour out blood and treasure." They
will be the making of a new world.
They form a great charter of liberty
for mankind. They lift the cause of
the allied democracies far above that
for which the crusaders fought. In
Buch a cause the youngest republic of
Europe should with alacrity take Its
place beside the oldest republic of
America to celebrate the dawn of its
freedom.
This call to the Russian people to
end their hesitation and remain our
brothers in arms comes most oppor
tunely within a few days of the ar
rival of Mr. Root's mission in Petro
grad. Mr. Root's clear reasoning and
the pleas of his associates should have
powerful Influence in foiling the
schemes of the internal trouble
makers and of the German agents and
In inducing the Russian people to
unite all their energies with those of
the United. States and the other allies
In driving autocracy from its last
refuges in Europe. That event will
open the golden age of peace firmly
founded on freedom and right.
SALESMEN AS PATRIOTS.
Real service is being done in every
part of the country by the bond sales
men who have put aside all other
duties for the purpose of selling lib
erty bonds. The work of these men
has been performed without the ac
companiment of band music or the
blowing of trumpets, but in the ag
gregate it has been very large. They
. are quite generally men accustomed
to count their incomes in good-sized
figures, but they have been working
for Uncle Sam without pay. All ef
forts to urge the sale of other formi
of securities have been suspended.
It is only In recent years that "sales
manship" has been regarded as a fac
tor in the marketing of a bond of the
Government. It has been the common
practice to view this form of Invest
ment as so desirable, when absolute
safety was considered, that it would
sell itself. The fact that the issue now
pending Is by far the largest ever au
thorized, however, has created a spe
cial situation. The skill and experi
ence and knowledge of psychology
possessed by the trained salesman are
proving invaluable in a National emer-
. gency.
To all the old arguments the ap
peals to thrift, to cupidity and to as
eurance of unfailing return has been
added this time the added demand
Jipon the patriotism of the people. So
the salesman, with his ready adapabil-
ity, is becoming also an orator, without
waiting for the Fourth of July. At the
same time his practical knowledge of
the business and his highly-organized
facilities for ferreting out the "pros
pects" are accomplishing results. .
SWEETENING PHOFITS ON SUGAR.
It is quite possible that the Gov
ernment will be called upon to do a
little "regulating" of the domestic su
gar situation, if the claims of brokers
in investment securities abe borne out
by the facta. A recent circular issued
by a Chicago firm says that "beet
sugar companies should make from
three to four cents a pound profit this
year, as compared with three-fourths
of a cent a pound in normal times.".
Allowance must be made for the
over-sanguine statements of the se
curity salesman, but it probably is not
far from the truth that largely in
creased profits on sugar ire being
counted on with confidence, despite
the widespread agitation for control
of food speculation. Elimination of
the food speculator has almost been
accomplished in Europe, and it is one
of the lessons that America will be
called upon to apply now that it has
entered the war.
It is a noteworthy fact that an in
adequate proportion of the increased
price of sugar has found its way into
the pockets of the farmers who grew
the beets.
TOO BRASH.
In 1912 the people of Oregon voted
on an anti-boycott, anti-picket law
and defeated it decisively. In Portland
the majority against the bill was about
2500. Last week the Portland elec
torate approved a more drastic law by
a small majority.
In the four and one-half years that
have elapsed since the earlier vote on
the same issue, there has probably not
been a great deal more picketing and
boycotting than occurred in the years
immediately preceding 1912. Strikes
have been called only with ' the usual
frequency, if memory is noj at fault.
There must be some other reason for
the change of sentiment.
If the term "to have dealings with"
includes within its scope the relation
ship of employer and employe, then
the ordinance attempts to put a legal
ban upon strikes called by formal
agreement. Plainly it inhibits the boy
cott and any bannering or picketing or
loitering in furtherance of strike or
boycott- One of the union's weapons
to gain its ends, .legitimate or other
wise, has been forcibly taken away.
One certain reason for change of
sentiment on boycotting and picketing
in .Portland is the quality and political
activity of union labor leadership. La-
Dor organization, as a result of indif
ference on the part of the rank and
file, is in .control of radicals. They
pretend to speak for labor as a class.
Seemingly they have recourse to la
bor's funds for furtherance of the po
litical ideas of the small group that
bears the official titles.
This group has fostered single tax.
and has run with lawgivers and ex
perimenters whose repeated presenta
tion of revolutionary doctrines in the
face of consistent defeats have ob
structed, the progress of the commu
nity. On the other hand, the same
group has obstructed to the best of
Its ability those progressive measures
which are essential to the progress of
every commonwealth.
This group, too, has been responsi
ble foror has countenanced unjusti
fied labor disturbances. It has ap
peared in the legislative halls, not as
adviser or counsellor or as a fair
worker for the real needs of labor.
but as would-be boss in matters of
general legislation.
That there should finally be an ex
pressed resentment is not surprising.
ir the principle of union labor has suf
fered through adoption of the anti-
conspiracy ordinance, it is chiefly be
cause the men who profess to speak
and act for union labor have been too
brash.-
They are not representative. It is
the old story over again of the stay-at-homes
taking punishment for their
own apathy. The labor organizations
now, as never before, need their real
representatives in the posts of leader
ship. They need to supplant their
Stacks and their Eugene Smiths and
put constructive, forward-looking men
in charge of labor's problems.
At the .same time the farmers' or
ganizations which have, through their
radical leaders, formed a coalition
with the radical labor element, will
perform a service for themselves and
perhaps avoid a similar crupper if
they retire their Spences and their
Browns. Oregon is neither radical nor
obstructive. They are out of place in
the state's march of progress.
AMERICA TO REPLACE RUSSIA.
Every day's events in Russia add
gravity to the task before the Ameri
can Army and Navy. Scarcely an ef
fective blow has been struck by the
Russians since the turmoil of the revo
lution began early in March. Although
the inactivity of the Russians enabled
the Germans to transfer large rein
forcements to the west until they had
154 divisions averaging 13,000 men
each, or over 2,000,000 men, on that
front, the French and British were
able to deal such smashing blows at
them in April, May and June as to
inflict a loss estimated all the way
from 2o0,000 to 470.000 men, includ
ing over 60,000 prisoners, besides 400
guns and 800 machine guns. The Ger
mans found ninety-nine of their divi
sions so badly cut up that they had
to withdraw them to the rear for re
organization, a process which takes six
weeks. But Russian inaction has en
abled them to make their eastern line
still thinner and to gather forces ' for
a series of desperate counter-attacks
in the west.
Defection of Russia has enabled
Von Hkndenburg to bring up a prac
tically fresh army while the first goes
to the rear to recuperate. Apparently
the drain on the supply of ammunition
has been so heavy that none is to
spare for any other quarter, and the
forces In Macedonia, x Palestine and
Mesopotamia are unable to make a di
version. Italy 4ias dealt some power
ful blows at Austria in the toilsome
struggle to reach Trieste, thus prevent
ing that country from occupying any
more of the Russian front, but that is
all the relief that has been forthcom
ing for the allies in France.
This situation gives the measure of
the long and arduous labor before the
American people. Instead of- adding
our forces to those of the allies, in
cluding Russia, we must use them to
replace the Russians. As regards
available men and guns, the allies are
in little better position relatively to
the enemy than they were a year ago.
Since then the Teutons have lost enor
mously in men and guns as well as in
ground east, west and south, and have
gained only in Roumania,' but these
losses are more than outweighed by
the failure of Russia to move. Ger
many and Austria have been weakened
by the lowering of the physical
stamina of their people due to the
blockade, a loss which is probably
greater than that of ships and cargoes
to the allies through -submarine war,
but they are still strong.
When this Is the situation, the
American people dare not waste a day
or spare a dollar or an ounce of energy
to get into action.
SEMPER FIDELIS.
The "big drive" in recruiting for the
United States Marine Corps this week,
which will be made in all parts of
the country simultaneously, serves to
remind us that this is a branch of
the National service that' ought to
convey its special appeal to all fit
men who want to see real service and
plenty of it. Its requirements are ex
ceedingly rigid, as to the moral and
physical qualifications of the appli
cant, but these in themselves consti
tute a certificate of honor for the ac
cepted. It is said of the American
Marines that they are the finest body
of sea-soldiers in the world. No other
country has a higher standard; in none
other has the spirit of the corps been
developed more Intensely; in none has
the motto, "Semper fidelis," a clearer
meaning.
The song that is being sung this
week In the theaters and music halls,
even the cabarets, of the land, ex
presses the underlying thought. It is
not poetry of the highest sort, but it
is inspiring nevertheless. This stanza
is a fair specimen:
From the halls of Montezuma
To the shores of Tripoli,
Wafight our country's battles
On the land and on the sea.
First to fight for right and freedom
And to keep our honor clean.
We are proud -to claim the title
Of United States marine.
Honor is) a good thing to be proud
of. and courage and efficiency are
others, all entering into the spirit that
permeates the Marine Corps of our
country. We have lately had ample
evidence in the West Indies and in
Central America that the Marines can
be depended upon to do their duty,
as they have done on other noteworthy
occasions in even more remote lands.
Romance and adventure and a clean,
high standard have been character
istic of this body of men ever since
their establishment was authorized
prior to the organization of the Navy
in Revolutionary times. They grew out
of the employment of soldiers to do
actual fighting on board warships, and
they have been busy fighting, on sea
and land, -always with credit to them
selves, ever since.
x "Tell it to the Marines" probably
did not originate, as some dictionaries
have supposed, as an expression of
the disfavor of the bluejacket. There
is good ground for the belief that it
was first employed to denote that the
Marines were a widely-traveled and
gifted body of men and that unless
they were willing to verify a seemingly
improbable story it probably was not
true. At any-rate. this Is the version
one would rather believe, and it more
nearly conforms to the facts of today.
roe Corps ought to get without much
difficulty the men it is seeking during
the present week.
PAMPERING THE CONVICT.
The recent outbreak in the Joliet
Penitentiary, in- which buildings were
set afire, firemen stoned when they at
tempted to save the property and
authority was openly defied, may well
serve as a warning to those warm
hearted but soft-headed reformers who
persist In putting the wrong-doer on
a pedestal and in showering the crim
inal with favors which they deny to
the lawabiding. It is not a new so
cial disease, but signs multiply that it
is growing more virulent. We may
well ask ourselves where it will end
unless corrective measures of some
sort are adopted in time.
The unpleasant truth of the mat
ter is." the acting-warden of the Illi
nois prison has explained, "that the
penitentiary has been overrun with
women. Their persistence has been
difficult to curb." Another Interesting
fact in connection with the situation
is that the trouble had Its origin in
the activities of a library league.
formed for uplift and endowed with
abundance of . good intentions. Its
chief object, it seems, was to supply
women correspondents for lonely
prisoners. To the fact that it suc
ceeded even beyond its expectations
the subsequent reign of lawlessness is
attributed.
We have long been familiar with
the sickly sentimentalism that mani
fests itself in the sending of flowers
and chicken dinners to prisoners ac
cused of revolting crimes. The more
horrible the crime, the keener is the
interest these persons show in the "un
fortunate'! behind the bars. In lesser
degree we sometimes have a manifes
tation of this spirit in - the provision
made for supplying turkeys dinners to
vagabonds while the deserving poor !
are left without the common neces
sities of life. But the criminal seems
to be secure in possession of his halo. ,
That he should take undue advantage
of the situation is no more than might
be reasonably expected.
Stripped of superficialities, the aver
age convict is an unromantic char
acter. The fact that at Joliet the
prisoners made great sport of ex
changing the mushy and near-erotic,
letters they received from their un
known admirers shows the kind of
clay they are made of. Of course they
were not gentlemen, even in the rudi
mentary sense of the word. One will
not be inclined to waste much sym
pathy on the women whose confidence
was thus betrayed, or to entertain
more than a . fugitive hope that they
will profit by the lesson. They seem
to have been quite lost to the pro
prieties and devoid of all sense of pro
portion.
Excesses permitted in the name of
"liberty" naturally produced a condi
tion in which restoration of discipline
meant an uprising. An inch having
been given him, the subject of the
uplift quite naturally demanded his
ell. It is often that way. It is easy
enough to give the average lawbreaker
an entirely wrong impression of his
obligation to society. If he becomes
imbued with the notion that he is a
hero. It is quite impossible to reform
him. No penitence, no idea of resti
tution, no spiritual reconstruction can
follow while this persists. Well-meaning
or not, such reformers are enemies
of progress. Society upon the whole'
is right in its method of penalizing
crime and in exacting discipline of the
offender. We are growing more merci
ful in our practice of the enlightened
humanities, but it is unfortunate that
at the same time a vast amount of
misguided sentimentalism is creep
ing in. , .
Just now there are many other
worthy causes to occupy the atten
tion of the charitably-minded. The
Red Cross, the Y. M. C. A. and the
various established organizations for
the relief of suffering inflicted upon
people who are not to blame for their
conditions ought to serve as a suffi
cient outlet for all the benevolent
emotions. If one must write letters,
there are plenty of lonely soldiers and
sailors to receive them. If gifts must
be lavished Belgium, and Northern
France, and Armenia, and Syria and a
vast number of other places are filled
with people who both need and de
serve them. It is a pretty good time
to give the criminal classes a rest, be
cause there are sp many other ways
In which to eipend our energy.
For those who may be irked by
unromantic Justice and the plain
pabulum of the average jail or peni
tentiary, the course is open. Let them
so conduct themselves as to keep out
of prison and they will not 'have this
grievance to worry over.
SOCIALISTS FALSE TO PRINCIPLE.
Once more the Socialist party has
been branded by one of its own mem
bers' as a pro-German and therefore
anti-American organization. John
Spargo, one of Its ablest lecturers and
writers, has announced his withdrawal
In a letter which exposes the pro-German
inspiration of all Its recent acts.
Reaffirming his Socialism, to which
he has been faithful for a quarter of
a century, he says that the party "has
in actual practice been committed to
a programme essentially unneutral,
un-American and pro-German."
He proves this by reference to all
its utterances and by its silence about
the invasion of Belgium. He accuses
it of betraying "the accepted princi
ples of international Socialism" by
saying that the war is "no concern
of the workers." He thus defines those
principles:
Internationalism Is not antlnatlonallam.
Internationalism presupposes nationalism. It
Is the Inter-relation of nations. The main
tenance of national Integrity and Inde
pendence is an essential condition of Inter
nationalism. '
Tet It is in professed defense of
this principle that the pro-German So
cialist peace conference has been
called at Stockholm. . How far Prus
sianism is from carrying out interna
tionalism as defined by Mr. Spargo is
shown by the action of Prussia in Ger
manizing the Danes of Schleswig
Holstein, the Poles of West Prussia
and Posen and the French of Alsace
Lorraine and by the programme of
expansion which the most influential
organizations in Germany have laid
down. They would Germanize Austria,
Hungary, Lithuania, the- Baltic prov
inces of Russia, Belgium and Northern
France. They would transform all
nations into Germans and would make
the world a German world.
The Socialist party as now directed
is an antUAmerican party, for its aims
are in direct conflict with those for
which the United States is at war as
defined by President Wilson in his
addresses to Congress and in his mes
sage to Russia. It is the organized
copperheadism of this war.
If the forces of autocracy can divide us
they will overcome us; if we stand together,
victory Is certain and the liberty which
victory will secure. We can afford then to
be generous, but we cannot afford then or
now to be weak, or omit any single guar
antee of Justice and security.
These concluding words of the Pres
ident's communication to the new gov
ernment of Russia ought to make the
issue clear, even to a moujlk or a
Kronstadt munitions worker. This is
no time for discussion of "peace with
out victory," but a time for pulling to
gether in the fight on the forces of
autocracy. The enemy would be wast
ing no time in such talk if fortune
were going his way.
A member of a tong acquitted of
the charge of murder no doubt would
feel safer if found guilty and given
protection of law. The old truism
that good Indians are dead Indians
may in time apply to the Celestial.
If all the indictments are true. Cap
tain Thierichens is several kinds of
a criminal. If Pennsylvania had been
a prohibition state he would probably
have added bootlegging to his other
accomplishments.
When the grass begins to be good
the reservation Indian is restless. This
explains the disorder among the Utes
in Colorado. Pretty much all the rest
of the Northern Indians are now tame.
Neutral countries contiguous to Ger
many are placing heavy orders for
grain for future delivery, but this
Government will be able to stop ex
ports that are suspicious.
Senator La Follette's plan to levy
a percentage tax on publishers' net
incomes will arouse hilarity in the
country press, where it seldom am am,
but mostly isn't am.
It must be amusing to staff and
force to be arrested for getting out a
paper on Sunday, as was done at Wa
terloo. Iowa is not getting better; it
simply is changing.
No politician will ever again dare
to score bloated bondholders, for
everybody except the tightwads is one.
They will rather angle for the bond
holder vote.
If they obey Secretary Daniels, Navy
Department officials will not tell of
ficial secrets even to their wives. How
can they help it and- keep peace in
the family?
A hen that lays 111 eggs In 111
consecutive days must belong to a
man who knows how. Just as a record
milker always has a record owner.
If Weather Forecaster Thlessen
wants to make himself solid at the
start, he will serve out a good article
for Rose Festival week.
Even at a distance of two thousand
miles, it is hard to be calm In read
ing of the murder of the Keets baby
by kidnapers.
A Lebanon man found a $2.50 gold
piece while working in his garden and
there may be other gardens just aa
fruitful.
Outwitting the submarines is by all
odds the best outdoor sport of the
present day.
This is the week of real politics in
choosing members of the School
Board.
The British are spending their last
potato in hospitality to General Per
shing. It is the duty of the man getting
J 100 a month to bny a liberty bond.
Why force food on a slacker? He
knows he is not fit to live.
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Eva
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject Is not suitable letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for individual diseases. Re
quests for such f-ervlces cannot be answered.
(Coprlght. 116. by Or. W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
FACTS ABOUT HEARING.
The special senses are sight, hear
ing, smell, taste, . touch, .muscle
sense, temperate sense, and a group
that is called organic sense. Of these
sight and hearing are called the high
er senses in that not only do they serve
the body but they serve the spirit as
well. They are the senses through
which we share things in common with
our fellows.
The artistic sides of sight and hear
ing have been developed to the full.
Music and painting engage publio
attention. On them we spend vast
amounts of money. They occupy much
space in the public press and in pub
lio thought. Do we give enough thought
to' the utilitarian side of sight and
hearing? Are we careful enough In the
protection of our hearing organs? Do
we know as much about fundamental
facts of hearing and the organs of
hearing as we do about tones, notes,
scales, and other qualities having to
do with the artistic side of hearing?
Let us devote a little space here and
now to some fundamental facts about
hearing. Sound results from waves. A
bell starts certain waves, let us say.
They travel to the human ear. At a
certain point in the ear these waves are
changed to nerve impulses. These nerve
impulses are carried by the nerves to
the brain and there registered as
sounds. What is known as the external
ear is merely a sounding board ar
rangement so made as to catch these
waves, direct them into the external
canal and indicate In a crude way the
direction from which the sound has
come. These appendages are a some
what helpful but a by no means neces
sary part of the hearing apparatus.
The sound waves travel down the
canal until they strike the ear drum,
located deep enough in for protection.
The ear drum Is, as ills name implies, a
drumhead which separates the external
ear from the middle ear. The sound im
pulse which strikes the drum is trans
mitted across the middle ear to the In
ternal ear In two ways. The middle ear
is filled with air. The impulse is trans
mitted by the drum to the air in the
middle ear just as it is in the case of
the basssairum with which we are -familiar.
On the other side of the mid
dle ear is a round window closed by
airother drumhead. The Impulse trans
mitted to the air In the middle ear is
transmitted by it to the drumhead in
the round window. On the other side
of this is the Internal ear. A fluid
called lymph fills the Internal ear cav
ity and presses against the drum In
this round window. The Impulse is
Imparted to this fluid and by it trans
mitted to the organs in the internal ear
called the cochlea. . -
Now let us go back a little. There
are two other ways by which sound
waves reaches, the cochlea. The more
Important are the bones of the middle
ear, three In number, the mallet, the
anvil, and the stirrup. When the ear
drum Is set in vibration the vibration
is imparted to the mal'let, which trans
mits them to the anvil; thenoe they
travel to the stirrup, which delivers
them to the lymph in the Internal ear.
A third and less important route by
which sound waves may travel from
the outside o the internal ear and
there be changed from mechanical
waves to sound nerve impulses is
through the bones of the head.
The cochlea Is shaped 'like a snail's
shell. In it Is the lymph which is set
In vibration by sound waves. Strung
across its Interior are delicate nerve
endingi with special arrangements.
These act like the wires on a harp.
They are tuned to catch sound waves
in the lymph and convert them Into
nerve waves. One picks out a wave of
a given length, another a wave of an
other length. Theso nerve waves trav
el over nerves to brain -centers. Here
they stimulate mental processes which
are called sounds.
Tonsils and Ithenmatlsra.
Mrs. M. H. writes: "1. I have been
a sufferer from rheumatism for over a
year, and as I have sore throat quite
often several people have told me that
my rheumatism Is caused from affected
tonsils. If such is the case would you
advise me having them removed?
"2. I have a little girl 5 years old.
Should I have her vaccinated?"
REPLY.
1. There Is at least suspicion enough that
your trouble Is through your tonsils to war
rant you In having tbem examined. If your
physician advises removal act on the advice.
2. Yes.
High Blood Pressure.
W. H. R. writes: "My wife's age is
38, weight 180, and she has a blood
pressure of 165. She has been exam
ined by a local physician and her kid
neys are all right. She is nervous and
has the management of a business, and
doss not get out much during the day.
Otherwise she is very healthy and
looks tyne. 1. Does high blood pressure
Indicate a weak heart? 2- What would
be the best way to reduce thi3 high
blood pressure? 3. Would walking an
hour every day help?' 4. What effect
does excitement or exertion have?"
REPLY.
- 1. No.
3. Diet, attention to the bowels, regula
tion of the habits generally.
8. If It is dons rightly, yes.
4. Raises the pressure.
Cnderwear Fabric
W. Q. E. writes: "Which is the most
sanitary underwear and hosiery wool,
cotton, linen, or silk? Do professional
pedestrians wear wool or cotton hose
in their long walks?"
REPLY.
Speaking generally, cotton In warm weath
er and wool In cold weather. Borne who
wear wool wear a light cotton garment
under the wool. Men who work la atmos
pheres where the temperature Is over 100
often wear wool. The non-conduction which
keeps the body warm when the air Is cold
keeps It relatively cool when the air Is very
hot. Much depends on the weave and also
uson the amount of exertion the wearer Is
making. Neither linen nor silk has any ad
vantage, speaking generally, ever cotton or
wool. Mr. woodruff Informs me that Dan
O'Leary, the veteran pedestrian, wears
tamos wool nnoerwear and tsrobi wool
boss close fitting like a glove.
Ztm'a I.aat Hope.
Puck.
Speaking of "lost provinces," there
are of course New Hampshire, Ohio and
California. Perhaps Herr Zlmmermann
will make a proposition to the Repub
lican National Commutes
Just Neighbor
By Edith Bernard Delans
f the "Vigilantes
"Oenrire." said old Mrs. Wellman at
the breakfast table, "this is a rainy day
and you can't use the horses for
nlowln'. I want you should Harness up
and take me over to Hartfield."
The Dleasant-faced wile or Airs, w ell-
man's farmer son looked up. "Why,
mother." she said. I wouldn't go to
Hartfield today if I were you. Tou
know what the rain does to your
rheumatism, and "
"Elizabeth," said the old lady, "thirty-
some years ago. when you were trying
to make your way into this world, and
your father came rushing over for me
on a Monday in hayln' time, I left a
note on the kitchen table telling the
men folks thei was dinner boiling on
the stove, and I left my washing settlh'
In the tubs, and I went right along
with your father; I was needed, too!
When my husband was taken with a
shock, and I sent Georgia off for help.
your mother was the first one to come
running, and she hadn't stopped to take
off her gingham apron nor to roll
down her sleeves. That's the way we
always have done in this neighborhood.
and I don't Intend to insult my chil
dren nor the neighbors by doubtin' It
will always be that way."
The farmer and his wife to say
nothing of the children looked slightly
puzzled and a good deal amused. "I
know, mother dear," said Elizabeth.
"But there's no one sick in Hartfield
that we know, is there?"
The old lady tossed her head. "Isn't
there, indeed? And no one calling for
help? And no one asking all the neigh
bore to stand by till the trouble's over?
Well, I see it different! I read In the
paper last night that old Uncle Sam was
calling on everyone of us for help; and
I been reading for months past that
our neighbors yes. our own kin as
they be! across the water were in
need of all we could do for them!"
"Oh, now mother," said farmer
George, "if I were you I wouldn't
worry about all that. You Just reave
that to the folks that are really called
on to help"
"And what if I'd left Elizabeth's
mother to the folks that were really
called on to help? And If why George,
I'm ashamed of you! There hasn't been
a day In more'n 50 ye.- rs that I've
shirked what was set before me to do.
You go harness up that team, and take
me over to Hartfield! I've got $50 Jim
Whitman paid on that mortgage last
week, and I'm going to buy one of
those liberty bonds Uncle Sam is ask
ing me to buy. Uncle Sam has stood
by me quite some time, son, and I guess
I'll stand br him yet awhile. And Eng
land and France and Belgium if they
ain't neighbors I never met one o' the
tribe! They're askin' for my help, son,
and I'm going to give It!"
"Bully for you. grandma!" George
Junior cried: there was a light in the
lad's eyes that would be hard to ex
tinguish. The farmer and his wife were looking
at each other; then the farmer spoke.
"Son," he said to junior, "you go out to
the barn and hitch up. Your grand
mother has reminded us of the tradi
tions of the family, and I guess I can
buy a couple of those liberty bonds
myself. Just so's not to shame my
bringing up."
"I read In the paper that the banks
would make it so you could pay part at
a time," said Elizabeth. ' Will you do
what you can with my butter and eggs
money, mother? I'll pay the rest as it
comes in."
"There!" said the old lady, as she
rose to put on her bonnet, "a thought
It wouldn't be children of mine that
would forget what it means to be
neighbors."
WAYS THAT AMERICA WILL AID
Scotch Newspaper's Views of Benefits
of Oar Participation In War.
Aberdeen (Scotland) Free Press.
America, now that she has joined the
alliance that is lighting, as President
Wilson has said, to make the world
"safe for democracy." is assuredly not
allowing the grass to grow under her
feet. She is getting to business with
a quietness, a thoroughness and an
earnestness that are ominous. The suc
cess of the liberty loan, the military
and naval preparations which are bring
swiftly carried forward, the measures
that are being devised to further trans
port and to insure adequate food sup
plies for the allies show how stren
uously the great American Republic is
addressing itself to the stern task In
hand. The very best brains In Amer
ica are being put at the disposal of the
allied cause. Whatever there may be
in the claim that an effective method
of overcoming the U-boat campaign
has been discovered Mr. Saunders,
chairman of the Navar Consulting
Board, is certainly emphatic on the
subject there can be no doubt that
the co-operation of America in this
matter will be invaluable. It is In
shipbuilding and naval construction
that American war measures are likely
to materialize most quickly. The rais
ing and training of a large army to
assist the allies will take time; our
own experience proves that very con
clusively. Yet American soldiers are soon to be
sent to Europe. There is another di
rection. In which America will power
fully reinforce the entente powers. She
will be in a position to "talk" to those
smaller European nations, which, not
withstanding all their protestations of
strict neutrality, have not in reality
been "playing the game." Of course
these small powers have been bullied
by Germany; they have been afraid
that if they offended her they would
be her next victims. They have in
considerable degree nullified the allied
blockade of Germany and have thus
dona vital harm to the allied cause.
They have revictualed Germany. M.
Jean Herbette has contributed to the
Echo de Paris statistics on this point
which show how enormously the ex
ports .to Germany from Switzerland,
Sweden, Denmark and Holland have In
creased. This means that supplies
reaching these countries from America
and other parts of the world have in
great degree been passed on to Ger
many. America is resolved that this
system shall cease and determine, and
that the small neutral nations must
henceforth s their own ships in com
merce instead of tying them up in their
ports as they have been doing.
By the co-operation of America with
the allies pressure can now be exercised
upon the neutrals In a way. that has
not hitherto been possible and it will
also no doubt be brought home to the
neutrals that their passivity with re
gard to German violations of their neu
trality which has placed the allies at a
disadvantage can no longer be tol
erated. German Reventlows may sneer
at America as a "money-bag democ
racy" a gibe which comes with a bad
grace from those whose whole policy
aims at stealing the money bags of
other nations but America Is never
theless beginning to dominate the stage
In a manner which bodes 111 for the
power that has plumed itself on being
able to overawe and tyrannize the
whole world. The gospel of force is
meeting its Nemesis.
Farmers and Conscription.
PORTLAND. June 10 (To the Ed
itor.) (1) I am a young man. 24 years
of age, and run a large farm, but have
no dependents. Would I likely be draft
ed among the first?
(3) If so, would the Government
make any arrangements for the care
of my personal property?
BACHELOR.
(1) There is no fixed rule for exemp
tion of farmers. Your case would be
decided on Its merits.
(2) No.
Dig Up Your Coin
By JamVs Hart on Adams.
"Dig up! Dig up! and buy a bond!"
we hear the ringing plea. "Get in the
game and take a hand in cause of Lib
erty!" If you possess the wherewithal
to give the cause a boost and knock
the fighting Kaiser cock off his Im
perial roost, and see the flag of Lib
erty and lasting peace unfurled, and
sweet prosperity hold sway o'er all the
peopled world, now Is the time to
cough up coin In patriotic way and
strengthen hands of Uncle Sam in his
stupendous play. This is no time to
hem and haw and hesitate to act; our
fighting forces now must be most
plentifully backed, and every dollar
you invest will prove a telling shot In
wiping from the troubled earth the
hideous war blot. Dig down into your
hoarded gold, ye halting millionaires,
and help to lighten up the load our
Uncle Sam now bears, and ye of lesser
means chip in, and when the victory's
won you'll feel you've done your bit
as well as man behind the gun.
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian. June 11. 1S02.
Chicago A suit for breach of prom
ise of marriage and $950,000 damages
has been instituted by. Mrs. Jessie Hall,
an actress whose stage name was
Dorothea Lewis, against James W.
Paige, of Hartford. Conn.
Creede, Colo. Bob Ford, the slayer
of Jesse James, was shot and killed by
Deputy Sheriff Kelly, in Ford's dance
hall. The Portland High School has elected
Walter H. Dodd, president; Miss Sallie
Nice, vice-president; Mrs. T. G. Greene,
secretary, and MIbs May Wallace, treas
urer. Minneapolis. The Republican con
vention chose Harrison for the Presi
dential nomination on the first ballot
and Whitelaw Reid for Vice-President
by acclamation. There 'was an effort
to stampede the convention and nomi
nate McKlnley.
Those who graduated from Bishop
Scott Academy yesterday are: Mark
Brooke, Harry S. Sladen. Portland; Ortis
Hamilton, .Colfax. Wash.; Frank S.
Grant. Hope, Idaho; George W. Wilson,
George H. Sampson and E. Neele John
ston, of Portland.
Half a Century Ago.
From The Oregonian of June 11, 167.
Among the various properties adver
tised for sale is the estate of San
Martido in the Isle of Elba, once the
residence of the great Napoleon dur
ing his exile in 1S14-15.
The Rockport (Conn.) Journal, In re
lating the wedding of Captain Robert
F. Fluke, editor of the Helena (Mont.)
Herald, to Miss Lizzie Chester, of Rock
port. 'says the romance began with an
"album quilt" which Miss Chester
helped to make and which found its
way to an Army hospital and to a bed
where Captain Fiske lay wounded.
The quilt bore the name and address
of each of the girls and women who
helped to make It. Captain f'lske sent
a letter and photo to each one and the
romance thus began.
Judge Shattuck was injured Saturday
while at work on his farm. He fell and
a surgeon was needed to dress one of
his legs.
Galveston Queretaro letters say that
Maximilian has probably escaped to the
United States.
At the union ward meeting last night
the following candidates for Council
men were put In nomination: William
Dierdorff, R. B. Knapp, W. H. Watkins.
M. F. Mulkey. L. Besjer and C. D.
Burch. J. W. Cook. C. Bills and D. J.
Malarkey were elected committeemen
in the First Ward.
Second Officer' Training Camp.
OCEAN PARK, Wash., June 9 (To
the Editor.) To whom should one
make application for the second series
of officers' training camps? When
should the application be sent in? What
are the requirements for an applicant
for a Second Lieutenancy who has had
no previous military training?
WILLIAM F. 6IGURDSON.
Western Department United States
Army, at San Francisco, but applica
tions now made will not be considered
until after June 15. It would be better
to wait until that time, when the cities
in the Northwest will be designated to
receive and examine applicants. Under
the published requirements for the new
training camps previous military expe
rience is required, unless the case Is
very exceptional. Men 31 years and up
to 44 are especially desired, although
men from 21 to 44 are eligible to apply.
Hospital and Medical Service.
VADER,' Wash.. June 9. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) I have heard the assertion
made that the United States Govern
ment does not provide either means or
money for the care of sick or wounded
on the field of battle. Is this true or
not?
(2) Is the Red Cross Society a Gov
ernment Institution? H. A. OLDS.
(1) The United States maintains an
Army medical department the ordinary
enlisted strength of which Is approxi
mately equal to 5 per cent of the total
enlisted strength of the Army, The.
Secretary of War is authorized to in
crease the number in time of hostilities.
The Army medical department does not
have the immunities on the field of
battle - that the Red Cross does.
(2) It is not. It is maintained by pri
vate subscription. An article on the
Red Cross appeared on this page Fri
day, June 8.
Income Taxes Uncertain. .
PORTLAND. June 10. (To the Edi
tor.) "A" has money loaned which
brings an income of ? 1000 per year in in
terest. This, together with a home is all
his means of living. His wife also has
an Income of a less amount from mon
ey loaned. Will either or both of them
be subject to taxation under the rul
ing regarding income taxes? J. L.
The new war revenue law has not yet
been passed by the Senate. but as
passed by the House Incomes below
12000 a year are not subject to taxation
If a man is married. If. combined In
comes of husband and wife do not ex
ceed $2000 a year they cannot be taxed.
However, the bill may be changed In
this particular before it la finally
passed.
Sanger Books In Mall.
PORTLAND, June 10. (To the Edi
tor.) Please inform me on this point:
Is the use of the malls permitted to
Margaret Sanger's publications In the
state of Oregon? R. a. S.
The original pamphlets published by
Margaret Sanger, relating to birth
control, are barred from the malls. In
later editions, it is said, much of the
objectionable matter has been expur
gated. There is no specific order relat
ing to the Sanger books, their status
being determined by the postal regula
tions. These postal regulations apply
to all states alike.
It la Wet.
PORTLAND, June 10, (To the Edi
tor.) Please tell me if Texas Is one
of the dry a tat bens dry? K, A,