Morning Oregonian., May 18, 1917, Page 3, Image 3

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THE MORXIXG OREGOXIAX, .FRIDAY HAT 18, 1917.
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GERMANY ABLE TO
CONTINUE FIGHTING
Strength May Not Be Broken
Until 1919; Finances Are
, Not Considered.
CONFISCATION IS POSSIBLE
Only Hope for Early Peace Is Over
whelming Victory by Allied Pow-
ers Crisis Is' Forecast After '
Hostilities Cease.
.'Copyright. 191T, the Tribune Association.
Registered according to the copyright act,
Canada. 1917, by the Tribune Association.
Published by arrangement with New York
Tribune.)
BT CARL "W. ACKERMAK.
NEW. YORK. May 17. Of the hun
dreds of questions which people -have
asked about Germany since this series
of articles has been appearing in the
Tribune, one of the. most interesting
and most difficult is:
"How long will the war last?"
It is impossible to say with any de
cree of certainty whether the war will
last more than this year or not. There
sre and there will be great military
operations in Europe this Summer and
Kail and until some of these are com
pleted no one will know what the re
sults will be. But to observers in
Germany one thing is certain: Germany
can conduct an aggressive warfare this
year. She can continue an offensive
war in 1918 and perhaps even in 1919,
unless the United States and the allies
are overwhelmingly successful in their
military operations.
Financiers Not Questioned.
In this, the last of this series of
articles on Germany, I want to answer
briefly some of the questions I have
been asked by people from Holyoke,
Mas. to Richmond, Ind., and Chicago.
"Will Germany be forced to atop
-fighting because of a lack of money?"
asked a business man In Richmond.
Answer It is very doubtful whether
Germany will permit her finances to
decide the war. When the ruthless sub
marine war was decided upon finan
ciers were not even questioned about
the effects it would have upon ' Ger
many's financial standing. German
financial methods are about as follows:
The government floats a war loan. The
banks, people and manufacturers sub
scribe. The government spends this
money in Germany for war supplies,
war materials and for salaries. The
workers are receiving high wages;
they save considerable money deposit
It in the banks.
Factory Profits Go to Banks.
Profits of the manufacturers go to
the banks, too. Then when the gov
ernment wants more money it an
nounces another war loan, and the
money which the government previous
ly spent is returned by the people in
subscriptions. No one is permitted to
take 1000 marks or more out of Ger
many without written permission, so
that every possible cent is kept in the
country. This method of war finance
is successful in Germany during the
war and I doubt whether a continua
tion of it will affect military opera
tions. The crisis will come after , the war,
when the city governments, which
have been borrowing and spending lav
ishly for relief purposes, have to pay
their debts and obligations.
"Is the government considering the
confiscation of wealth?"
Answer Dr. Gustav Stressemann. a
National Liberal member of the Reichs
tag, has Introduced a bill providing for
the confiscation of all great fortunes,
and with the growth of socialism in
Germany this plan may be adopted,
but probably not until after the war.
"What is the government going to
do with its debts after the war?" asks
a man in Indianapolis.
Answer No one knows, but it has
been suggested in Berlin and other
German cities that the government
repudiate all debts after the war.
Kaiser Often In Berlin.
"Do the people ever see the Kaiser?"
asked a woman in Scranton.
Answer The Kaiser comes to Ber
lin frequently and when he is there he
rides through the city in his military
automobile. I saw him in Berlin three
times last Kail and Winter. At all these
times he wan coming from or going into
the Chancellor's palace on Wilhelm
ctrasse, opposite the former American
Embassy.
"ilas Germany called out her last re
serves?" asks a lawyer in Holyoke.
Answer It has 'been reported many
times that Germany has called out the
"last reserves." but I noticed during
my stay in Berlin that by "last re
serves" the Germans usually meant
men who were excused at former calls
because of sickness. Germany has. it
is estimated, about 400,000 new recruits
every year as the boys become of mili
tary age.
"Will the German people revolt as
the Russians did?" questions a business
man in Chicago.
Answer The German people will not
revolt as long as they are convinced
that the Kaiser and military party are
winning the war. .'Only a decisive mil
itary defeat will shake the confidence
of the people in the present govern
ment. The overthrow of the Hohenzol
lerns would accomplish Tiottitng unless
Von Hindenburg and all ..he German
government officials were overthrown,
too. If the German people discarded
the Kaiser today they would select Von
Hindenburg to succeed him, because the
Field Marshal is the most popular man
in Germany. This would gain the al
lies and the United States absolutely
nothing. Uncle Sam and the allies must
fight until the faith of the German peo
ple in their army leadership is shat
tered. When this Is done there will be
an opportunity for the democratic
movement in Germany to succeed.
"Can you tell us anything about the
The Army Boys
are calling for
STERNO
Canned Heat
for Instant cooking and heating.
Gives hot dlsbea In a Jiffy.
USE IT YOCBSELF
in the home, camp, on motor trips,
trains anywhere. Smokeless,
odorless, non-exploslvo and non-
apillable.
,10 per can
i
Belgian .atrocities?" asks a Hoosler
business man.
Answer I was in Belgium several
times, but I never came across direct
evidence of atrocities. War is not only
the most inhumane thing in the world,
but it makes men inhuman. Intoxicated
men will do almost anything when they
are free from all moral and legal re
straints, as they are during active mil
itary operations.
"What are conditions in prison
camps?" asks a New York woman.
Answer Whenever I visited prison
camps I was escorted by a German of
ficer and the camps were always put in
good condition beforehand. I would rely
absolutely upon the statements and tes
timony of Ambassador. Gerard. He told
me that one time he found 11 English
men Jiving In a box stall at Ruhleben,
where his riding horse was kept in
peace time, but this was remedied af
ter the Ambassador complained to the
government and published his exposure
of conditions in the American and al
lied newspapers. Prison camp condi
tions, were much better when diplo
matic relations were broken last De
cember than they have been at any time
during the war. Because Mr. Gerard
took snch personal interest in the
ramps he received the' title of the
"American Warden" in Germany. Be
fore I left Germany the English-bom
wife of a German army officer was being
supplied by her brother, who was in
terned at Ruhleben. with butter, cake
and tea. which he obtained from Eng
land. Many men are becoming Insane
at Ruhleben because of the detention
there. Ambassador Gerard has made
this clear in his reports. -
"Can Germany be defeated?"
Answer Germany not only can but
must be defeated, even- if it takes two
or three more years to do it. There will
not be peace in Europe unless the pres
ent governmentof Germany is radically
changed so that the war and peace do
not rest with one man. The sooner the
United States gets into the war with
Its full power the quicker the war will
end. The sooner the American people
learn not to be wasteful the quicker
Germany will be defeated. Everything
now depends upon the United States.
"What do the German people think of
President Wilson?"
Answer They regard him as the
most dangerous leader of the allies.
Next to Premier Lloyd George jthere is
not a man the German government
fears more. The Kaiser fears Lloyd
George and the government fears Ir.
Wilson, because it knows that if these
two men are successful in carrying
through their policies the jgovern-ment-will
lose the grip it has over the
German people.
SOCIALISTS IN TOUGH
DANISH IfcADER HAS REACHED
GERMANS WITH PROPOSAL.
Kim. tan Conference Works on Assump
tion Programme Will Be Favored
In Other Countries.;
WASHINGTON. Mav 17 Th. n.i.h
Socialist Leader Borgbjerg. who has
. cu. i.eu iu mpennagen Irom Petro
grad. is quoted in the newspaper
Politken of May 13 as saying that
upon his own initiative he had suc
ceeded in establishing a connection be
tween the Workm An'n and SaUI...'
delegates at Petrograd and the ma-
me socialists in Germany.
A summary of the interview cabled
to the State Department says that
prior to his visit to Petrograd. Borgb
jerg talked with the German Socialists
Scheldemann. Khcrt nnd T3o,,.-
were in a position to give an exact
statement for the majority of Socialist
and labor iinlnnn 1m :..- .... n. ,
submitted to hinra programme of ques-
"""" wmuii mey suggested could be
discussed at a possible peace confer
ence. . At Petrograd Borgfcjerg was invited
to attend a conference on the subject
With Socialists, anri wnplim.n Ti
suit of the conference was that the
council aeciaea to discuss the question
of attending an international peace
conference at Stockholm. Out of regard,
however, for the position of French
and English Socialists, the council
thought it advisable to talre th.
in their own hands.
LONDON. May 17. The Nationalist
Socialist party of England will take
no part in the international Socialist
conference at Stockholm. The execu
tive committee announced today that
the party disassociated itself entirely
from the conference, adding:
"Such a conference is of no real Im
portance and can only bring ridicule
on the Socialist cause.".
KING ALBERT IS VISITOR
FOUR DATS DEVOTED TO INSPEC
TION ON BRITISH FRONT.
Scenes of Recent Battles Viewed In
Sonune Region and Allien
Strength Is Noted.
(From a Staff Correspondent of the Asso
ciated Press.)
BRITISH HEADQUARTERS IN
FRANCE, May 17. After a four days'
visit to the British front King Albert
of the Belgians returned to his quar
ters today. He distributed numerous
decorations while here. . The King
seemed greatly impressed by the tre
mendous strengthening of the British
forces since his previous visit.
Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig
greeted King Albert on his arrival
Monday. Tuesday and Wednesday were
spent in visiting the scenes of the
British victories on the Somme. in
cluding Posieies. Thlepval and Com
bles. The party penetrated as far- as
Peronne and vicinity, where great in
terest was displayed in the devastation
wrought by the Germans before their
Vimy Rge. A a'S Pald t0
ROUSING TALKS ARE GIVEN
Pacific Graduates Urge Students to
Work for Bigger Enrollment.
PACIFIC UNIVERSITY. Forest
Grove. Or, May 17. (Speclal.)John
' 71 Kraduated in the class of
1881, and who has been practicing law
In Portland the last 12 years, and
Barnett Roe, who graduated in the
class of 1882, gave addresses before the
students of the college this morning.
Their talks were full of their old-time
college spirit and enthusiasm and they
urged that the students work hard to
increase the attendance for the coming
year.
They both said that with the trustees
alumni and faculty backing the insti
tution as never before, the campaign
for new students could not but be a
success if the student body gave it
their united support.
Mr. Lane In San Francisco.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. May 17. Word was received
here today that Senator Lane and
family have arrived in San Francisco,
where he expects to remain indefi
nitely. Phone your want ads to The Orego
nlan. Main 7070. A 6095.
STATE LABOR HEEDS
CONFERENCE THEME
Resolution Is Before Eugene
Meeting Asking Congress
to Regulate Prices. .
LABOR BUREAU HAS PLAN
Portland Postmaster and Public
Employment Director Among
Speakers at Annual Com
monwealth Session.
UNIVERSITT OF OREGON. Eugene.
May 17. (Special.) The ninth annual
Commonwealth Conference opened to
night at 8 o'clock on the general topic
of labor mobilization. The papers read
culminated In the general resolution
introduced by O. P. iloff. State Labor
Commissioner, declaring that, whereas
the prices of staple necessaries of life
have advanced to figures far beyond
the limits of conscience and whereas
there is proof of utter lack of humane
consideration on the part , of those re
sponsible and such business is un
patriotic and equivalent to treason and
since Congress has undisputed author
ity over every resource of the Nation
in the present crisis, therefore, be it
resolved by the ninth annual Common
wealth Conference, that Congress be
urged to take immediate and effective
action to relieve this cost-menacing
situation.
The resolution will come up for gen
eral discussion at the meeting tomor
row. Mr. Hoff urged strongly that
it be pressed through. He said:
Mr. Hoff Offers Plan.
"The flagrant abuses 'by the food
speculators are pursued from palpable
motives of a greedy disregard of the
great emergency that Is upon us and
go unchecked except by ineffective and
dilatory discussion."
The resolution of Mr. Hoffs came at
the conclusion of his paper on the
"Plans of the Oregon State Labor Bu
reau." "Congressmen should love to hear
their voices less and love their duty
more." declared. Mr Hoff.
"I have been afraid of a crop short
age based on the natural condition of
seasonal employment in the state; that
farm work is unattractive and because
of war conditions. To eliminate the
shortage I have formulated a plan.
This is to co-operate with the farmers
and through their different local or
ganizations reach the smaller locali
ties by correspondence and establish a
state clearance center in the labor bu
reau. The Federal Government may
partially solve the problem by draft
ing men to the field, as well as to
the front.
Portland Postmaster Speaks.
"Since the Government could demand
the" very life blood of the citizens in
its defense, it should protect him from
the merciless exploitation by ' food
speculators."
The conference was opened by Frank
S. Myers, postmaster of Portland, who
read a paper on the "Problems During
and After the War."
"In, order to relieve as much as pos
sible the acute shortage of labor, it
is absolute necessary to withdraw la
bor from catering to the whims and
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pastimes of the Idle poor as well as
the idle rich. We should curtail our
public improvements, which can wait
until after the war."
Boys Greatest Help.
Nelson F. Johnson, director o'f the
Portland Public Employment Bureau,
discussed the labor problem in the
state from his point of view, declar
ing there was an acute shortage of la
bor in all lines except the building
trade.
The evening's programme was closed
by a paper read by It. P. Bonham, in
spector of the United States immigra
tion offices.
"The greatest help to this Nation In
Its labor shortage now is from the
2,000,000 boys between the ages of
15 and. 19. Besides these we propose
to register the men who are disquali
fied for military service. Labor and
capital must ameliorate their differ
ences. It Is time for getting together
and consecrating ourselves to serious
service."
WIDOW GIVES AMBULANCE
Donation to Soldiers Is Memorial to
Lusltania Victim.
LOS ANGELES, May 17. (Special.)
Among the ambulances that will be
sent to France from Los Angeles will
be the Albert C. Bilicke Memorial Am
bulance, given to the Los Angeles Am
bulance Corps by Mrs. Blllcke in mem
ory of her husband, who perished in
the Lusitanla tragedy.
This announcement was made today
by L. N. Brunswig, president of the
French Relief Societies, who Is re
ceiving donations for the proposed Los
Angeles Ambulance Corps. It is hoped
by those working for this cause SO
ambulances will be given In this city.
NAVAL OFFICIALS EXPLAIN
Heavier Clothing Being Sent to Men
in Atlantic Service.
WASHINGTON. May 17. Naval offi
cials resent the report from Queens
town that the American destroyer craws
were not properly outfitted for cold
weather duty. They did not have some
of the extra heavy clothing, officials
say, because of their hurried departure,
but they did -have sufficient clothing
for this time of year.
More supplies are going with other
destroyers being sent, and these are
supplemented by heavy clothing given
by women of the Navy, League.
RESERVE CORPS CALLED
Ten Days Given Each Quartermaster
to Close fp Business.
SAN FRANCISCO. May 17. Orders
for the immediate mobilization of 2000
members of the quartermaster depart
ment of the reserve corps were re
ceived by Mnjor-General Hunter Lig
gett, commanding the Western Department,-
today.
Each man will be given 10 days after
notification of mobilization In which to
close up his present business connec
tion and report for active service.
Cable to Cuba Restored.
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