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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 6, 1917)
' " ' THE MORNING OREGO NT AX, FRIDAY APRIL, C, 1917. FINAL RESOLUTION ADOPTED 111 HOUSE tower Body, by Big Vote, Con firms Action of Senate in v Decision to Enter War. VOTE FOR WAR 373 TO 50 Momentous Stand to . Take Part in European Conflict Taken After All-Day Debate, in "Wliicri Pacifists Air Views. - , (Continues From 'First Page.) be delayed only so that everyone might be heard. Administration leaders until today had paid little attention to reports that Representative Kitchin would oppose the resolution. Eather look ing to him as the man who would have to lead the fight for revenue, they talked with him freely of the financial phase of the situation. Kitchin Deaf to Pleas.. Aroused by reports of his attitude, Democratic leaders hastened to his of fice today to find that he had pre pared in part a speech opposing the resolution. Fellow members of the House and Senators pleaded vainly with iiim to abandon his plan. Possible loss of the House leadership and his forced exile from public life, as well as the de mands of patriotism, were pointed out to him. Finally, shortly before 3 o'clock, after almost continuous conferences for six hours, Representative Kitchin announced publicly that he would speak against the resolution. His en trance into the chamber shortly after ward caused a quickening of lagging interest. Representative Hensley, of Mis souri, who on Tuesday said he would vote for the resolution, hastily an nounced he had decided it was his duty to oppose it. Others who had deserted the pacifist camp said they were think ing seriously and probably would vote in the negative. Ob'iously wearied by the- day's events, Mr. Kitchin spoke without his usual fire. "In view of the many assumptions of loyalty and patriotism," he said, "on the part of some of those who favor the resolution and insinuations by them of cowardice and disloyalty on the part of those who oppose it, off-shoots doubtless, of the passionate moment, let me at once remind the House that it takes neither moral nor physical cour age to declare a war for others to fight. It is evidence of neither disloyalty nor patriotism for one to urge others to pet into war when he knows that he himself is going to keep out. "The depth of my horror, the In tensity of my distress in contemplating the measureless steps proposed, God only knows. Too grave is the respon sibility for anyone to permit another to stand sponsor for my conscience. My conscience and judgment, after mature thought and fervent prayer for rightful guidance, have pointed out clearly the path of my duty, and I have made up my mind to walk in it if I go bare footed and alone." Mr. Kitchin was heartily applauded from all sides as he concluded. Galleries were only half filled when debate began and less than half the members were present when the ses sion opened. Under tne unanimous con cent rule, by which the resolution was being considered. Representative Flood could move the previous question at any time after one hour and if sus tained bring the measure to a, vote. He was disposed, however, to give mem bers every opportunity to speak throughout the day. The debate began without any limitation. "War is being made upon our coun try and its people," Representative Flood said in opening. "Our ships are being sunk. Our non-combatant citi zens, including men, women and chil dren, are being murdered, our merchant men are being denied the freedom of the seas. There is no choice as to our course. We are compelled by the acts of the German government to enter into this most colossal war. "We should take our stand by the aide of the allied nations who have been fighting humanity's battles for two and one-half years, determined that our power shall be so employed that complete victory shall crown their efforts and that Prussian militarism phall be crushed and the world shall in THE KIDDIES' Easter Clothes ARE AT The Juvenile Everything necessary for the correct apparelling of girl or boy from head to foot is here in large assortment and at moderate prices. Quick, courteous, personal service. Open Saturday Night. Outfit teraLft- Children. 143 Sixth, Opp. Meier & Frank mm be delivered from the threat and dan ger of the Hohenzollern dynasty." Political Threat Disregarded. Representative Siegel, of New York, Republican, favoring the resolution, said he could not disregard the fact that "though we cry peace Germany answers ty warring against us. "During this week," ha said, "inti mations have come to me that political expediency required me to cast my vote against this resolution and that con trary action on my part would mean a general effort from now on to end my Congressional career. I would be un worthy of American citizenship were I to be deterred from acting by such warnings. 1 say to my colleagues who are now hesitating that the people will know whether they are for this great land of freedom and religious liberty or whether they are going to be guided simply by the selfish question whether they will obtain more votes In 1918 by standing on the side of our foe. Let us give evidence to the world that we are united." Representative Harrison, Democrat of Mississippi, assailed pro-German sympathizers and pacifists. "I would suggest to them," he said, "that they now employ their talents and eloquence, not in attempting to TEXT OF WAR nESOLCTIOS ADOPTED BY COXGRESJ. Whereas, The Imperial Ger man government has committed repeated acts of war against the Government r and the people of the United States of America; therefore be it Resolved fey the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Con gress assembled. That the state of war between the United States and the Imperial German gov ernment which has thus been thrust upon the United States is hereby formally declared; and that the President be and he is hereby authorized and directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the United States and the resources of the Government to carry on war against the Imperial German government; and to bring the conflict to a successful termina tion, all of the resources of the country are hereby pledged by "the Congress of the United States. t cause dissension among the American people but in addressing Kaiser Wil helm. Bethmann-Holl weg, the Reichs tag and the author of that remarkable sample of diplomatic 'kulture,' the Zim- mermann note." Applause Greets Defense j First expressions of the opposition to the resolution came from Represents- j tives Cooper and Stafford of Wisconsin and Representative Britten of Illinois, while Mr. Flood was recounting Ger man violations of American rights. "Would the English mines in the North sea destroy American lives?" Representative Cooper asked. "To date Lngland never has sunk one of our ships or destroyed an American life, Mr. Flood said. Loud applause greeted the reply. He said 16 members had asked for time in which to speak against the resolu tion. Representative Cooper launched into defense of pacifists generally and himself in particular. "I nave been called a pacifist, he said. "I voted for all of these pre paredness bills. This campaign of slan der has no regard for the truth." Cooper also defended his vote for the McLemore resolution. "I was right then," he said "and so were the 144 other members who voted for it. It should have passed. Canada does not permit its women to travel on armed ships and neither should we. Lvery pacifist in the country knows I am not a pacifist in the sense in which that word is used. Does it mean be cause I do not want to go to war with, a nation 4000 miles away, because Eng land and Germany have violated our rights, I am not an American?" Mr. Cooper declared that the German government never had promised un qualifiedly to abandon its submarine warfare. Representative Flood made loud demands to be heard, but Cooper would not yield. Unity In War Avowed. Mr. Cooper closed with the declara tion that while all would stand united when war comes, he would not be one to vote to plunge the country into war. Representative Britten, Illinois, Re publican, declared he was not a pacif ist in any sense, but was opposed to the resolution. Some Democrats, he said, had told him they were opposed to the resolution, but would vote for it. Representative Harrison, of Mississippi, and Representative Helflin, of Ala bama, Democrats, called fornames of such Democrats, and Britten replied by declaring 75 per cent of the Democratic members were really personally not in favor of it and that 90 per cent of the people of the country were against going to war. Britten had read an amendment he said he would later offer, providing that no part of the military forces of the United States should be ordered to do land duty in Europe until so di rected by Congress. This aroused ap plause from a small number on both the Republican and Democratic sides. Interest in the debate waned and by 1:30 o'clock less than 75 members were on the floor. The diplomatic and exec utive galleries were empty and there were many unoccupied seats in the public galleries. Representative Igoe, Democrat, of Missouri, announced that he would vote against declaring war because he thought his people desired that he should. "With the passage of this resolution, however," he said, "my opposition will cease. I will vote for every measure to help carry on the war." Kitchin Against Mtararr. Word that Democratic Leader Kitchin would speak and vote against the reso lution quickly filled the Chamber. He began his unexpected onslaughtron the war resolution soon after 3 o'clock. After saying that he would not criti cise those who would vote for it, he declared he thought he should vote his convictions regardless of consequences. "I know my vote will be criticised from one end of the country to the other," said Kitchin. "I cannot leave to my children land and riches, nor fame, but I can leave to them a name that regardless of consequences I never hesitated to vote my convictions." Kitchin spoke slowly and with great emphasis. His voice showed the efr fects of the strain under which he labored. "Prayerfully Impressed with the gravity of the situation and appreciat ing the penalties that war will Im pose," said he, "my conscience and judgment have shown the path of my duty and I must tread It it I tread It barefooted and alone. I have prayed for guidance. I have reached the con clusion that I must vote against this resolution." The pacifist group, who were ready two days ago to vote for the resolu tion, cheered up noticeably over Kitch en's attitude. Representative Hensley, of Missouri, announced that he now would vote against the resolution. Other wavering pacifists, he said, would Join with him. Senator La Follette Smiles. A broad smile possessed the face of Senator La Follette, who sat in the rear of the chamber. He opposed the resolution In the Senate. Kitchin said he was not surt that the United States put In SftHl situ ation that Germanr Is In with re spect to Its Lurepean enemies might not resort to the same violations of neutrality that Germany has been guilty of. "Are we quite sure." he asked, "If we were In war with Ger many and Japan, with our spies help less, with our commerce swept off the seas, with our food scarce, with our arms and ammunition for our soldiers denied us, that we would not In our last struggle strike at our enemy with the only weapon we could, even though it be a violation of neutrality? "In this case no invasion is threat ened. No foot of our territory Is in danger. No vital right Is contested. The acts of Germany are not directed directly at us. We are a-sked to make common cause, with Great .ritain and France to support a cause, right or wrong. Every feeling ' of humanity combines to keep us out of war. "When Congress has passed such a resolution as is pending, and then only, will it be the duty of the Nation to make the voice of. the Government Its voice. Until then each persbn should have the inherent right to voice and vote Ills convictlcr.." Kitchin referred to the British clos ing of the North Sea, and said no lives were lost there, as Americans stayed out of that zone. German Acts Defended. "We did not i to war over that," he said. "We know that the acts of Germany are not aimed at us, but are aimed at crippling her enemy. Are we quite sure that the real reason for war is the destruction of American lives rather than, destruction of American property? We did not wage war on Mexico. We were willing to forego our rights, with Great Britain and with Mexico rather than plunge Into war while the whole world was in con flagration. I approved that course then and do so now." Mr. Kitchin closed with admission that the resolution would pass. There was a scattering of applause, and then Representative Rogers, of Massachu setts, begcr. to speak. He recited a long list of cases in which Germany had Invaded the rights of the United States. The lst compiled by the State De partment showed that In the last two years and two months 226 American lives have been lost as a result of Il legal attacks on vessels by German s jbmarines. Representative Flood Interrupted the debate to announce to the house the sinking of the unarmed American ship Missourlan, without warning and prob ably with the loss of American lives. Representative London, New York, So cialist, violently opposed the resol-ion. He said the President's plan was for conscription, while President McKlnley, In the war with Spain, called only for volunteers, showed that the President realizes the people. are against the war with Germany He said that war is indefensible. Representative Sherwood, of Ohio, said he was opposed to the resolution In the form which permits sending troops abroad. t-'nele Joe" for Bill. Former Speaker Cannon, supporting the war resolution, said this was no time for partisan discussion, that the United States is not ready tor war now but must prepare at once. Remarking that he had heard it suggested that the President . be Impeached for arming ships, Mr. Cannon said: "We wouia not make much headway there." 'He defended the loyalty of American cltizers of German birth. Amid enthusiastic applause, the former Speaker announced his intention of voting for war. Representative Dill, of Washington, saying he had spent sleepless nights considering the war question, declared he finally had decided to vote apainst the resolution, because ho believed It the highest duty of the United States to keep out of the European conflict. Once in. he added, the Government would receive his entire support. Representative Sloan, of Nebraska, Republican, declared the sober second thought of the American people, in cluding Congress, is being felt and. that ten days' delay of the vote would de feat the resolution in its present shape. Representative Lenroot. of Wiscon sin, Republican, Said he would support the resolution, because not to do so would mean "that we will submit to Germany warring on us without using force to prevent it." He denied that England, in planting mines in the North Sea and creating a military zone there, had violated international law. Flood Asks for Prompt Action. Toward 7 o'clock Chairman Flood, In charge of the resolution, sought an agreement to have the committee of the whole rise at 8 and report the reso lution in the House with a vjew to early action. . There was Immediate opposition. Speaker Clark said everybody ought to have a right to speak and the House should stay In session until early hours of the morning or all night if necessary. Mr. Flood then withdrew his request and speeches were resumed. Shortly before 9 o'clock Representa tive Mann, the Republican leader, took the floor to support the resolution. He praised the courage of those opposing, but said there was nothing for Con gress to do but stand by the President. "For two and one-half years I have done all in my power by voice and vote to keep this country out of the Euro pean war. "Now the situation Is changed the President of the United States, who has the responsibility of dealing with for eign countries and who is the spokes man of the people with the nations of the world, has asked us to declare war. "The only thing left for us to do Is to stand by the President elected by the people. We cannot say to the world that our goal is gold, that our only desire is wealth. We must, when the question is presented to us, declare we will maintain the rights of Americans abroad as well as at home." At 9 o'clock general debate closed and discussion under the five-minute rule began. - Chairman Flood's suggestion that all debate close at 11:45 o'clock brought a storm of "noes." Some members expressed a desire to reach a vote -before midnight because tomorrow is "Good Friday." Representative Gardner, Republican, of Massachusetts, said the United States is not going to war for 200 murdered Americans, but for the rights of man. Representative Decker, of Missouri, said. he believed In National honqr, but did not think "we would sacrifice it if we did not go to war." Calls for "Vote" Blade. As the night wore on there were loud calls for "vote" from members anxious to get away. . Representative Hulburt tried ineffectually to secure agreement that if a vote were not had by midnight, which would encroach, he said, on "Good Friday," tne House ad journ over unty Saturday. Representative Rainey, of Illinois, told the House. "We war not against the people, we war against the Hohen zollerns." Representative .Moore (Pennsylva nia), Small (North Carolina) and. others urged a united front for defense of American rights. Representative Sims, of Tennessee, angrily protested that time was being frittered away in speches and wanted Immediate action. Republican Leader Mann counseled patience. "We'll gain nothing more." he said, "by a vote at midnight than by a vote at 6 o'clock tomorrow, and It's too im portant a matter not to have debate." 15,000 Electrical Experts Ready. WASHINGTON. April 6. The Na tional Electric Light Association, with a membership of 15.000 trained elec trical experts, offered Its services to day in mobilizing for Government serv ice the country's vast electrical resources. OREGON UtlEHS OF HOUSE LOYAL Representatives McArthur, Hawley and Sinnott All for War Bill. EACH EXPLAINS POSITION Dill and La Follette, of Washing ton, Oppose Measure, Latter Rising: to Defense of "Wilful Men" In TJ. S. Senate. OREGOKTAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash ington, April 6. There are no pacifists In the Oregon delegation In the House of Representatives. All three. Repre sentatives McArthur, Hawley and Sin nott, lined up today for the war reso lution, though none spoke upon it to day. , The pacifists developed In the Wash ington delegation. Representative La Follette. Republican, and Representa tive Dill, Democrat, both of whom aired their views in brief speeches In oppo sition to the war resolution. The Idaho members stood with the President. Mr. Hawley Supports DHL Representative Hawley spoke today for the first time since the war Issue arose, and set forth his views In the following authorized statement: "Ever since the war In Europe be gan I have earnestly hoped we could avoid becoming Involved in It. and that we should observe a strict and impar tial neutrality. I have been for the United Stitea and against no other country. "But the progress of events Indicates that we cannot avoid war in any event, under the circumstances. War Is now being waged upon the United States and her people by the imperial German government. The acts of which we complain have been Increasing in grav ity. It is the declared purpose to con tinue them. No great nation could or would refuse to resist them. Mr. McArthur Is Loyal. "I shall vote for the resolution under a solemn sense of public duty, pro foundly regretting the necessity, be lieving that no other honorable and pa triotic course is open to me under the circumstances. I believe all our citi zens, irrespective of descent, will loy ally support our common country." Representative McArthur. who spoke previously and supported the President from the tlmo he addressed Congress Monday night, made this statement: "I voted for the resolution and have no apologies to offer for my action. We have 'endured the insults and out rages of Prussionlsm long enough. The time has come for drastic action. I shall vote for the necessary authority and appropriations to carry on the war to successful termination, for I feel that the permanency and security of democracy, not only here in America, but throughout the world, are at stake. Those who attempt to Justify Ger many's submarine policy because of Great Britain's interference with our commerce failed to take into considera tion the fact that the damage Inflicted by Great Britain can be adjusted in an Admiralty Court, -while the lives of defenseless women and children on the ships that have been torpedoed without warning and of American sailors who have been ruthlessly slaughtered can not be restored by any human power. Dill Opposes War. "Now that war has been decided upon, there should be no hesitation or vacillation until the llohenzollerns have been completely crushed. The country is facing, its severest crisis since the days of the Civil War, and It Is the duty of every patriotic citizen to uphold the hande of the Administration and the Congress." Representative Dill, of Washington, in a 10-mlnute speech, said In part: "The real reason for going Into this war is for the purpose of trading with the aHies. For my part I am unwilling to vote to send the boys to war because we cannot trade with the countries now at war. "The resolution declares that a state of war exists. That Is a legal fiction by which we propose to try to Justify to the world our entering into this war. If we get into this war we begin It. "I object to going Into the war. I do not know what the future holds for me, and do not care. I refuse to do that which I believe to be the great est crime ever perpetrated upon our people, namely, to drag them into the war on the side of the allies. "But when this resolution passes my opposition Is over. I am an American and. I shall vote for every measure for the purpose of winning this war." LaFollette Backs Senator. Representative La Follette, of Wash ington, after a two-hour conference with Senator Robert La Follette, of Wisconsin, tonight spoke against the war resolution. Earlier he said Sen ator La Follette In his speech yeeterday had correctly voiced his own views. The Senator's speech, he said, was "un answerable." In his speech Represen tative La Follette criticised the Presi dent for denunciation of the 12 willful Senators, saying such denunciation was an attempt at coerc'on. He added: "The President on April 2 said the European war was brought on by Germany's rul ers without the sanction of the people. For God's sake, what are we doing now? Does the President feel that the will of the American people is being consulted in regard to this declaration of war? The people of Germany surely had as much consideration as be had given the people of the United States. He has heard the cry of the Shylocks calling for 'their pound of flesh.' " La Follette suggested that no young men should enlist for war until all newspaper editors advocating war, am munition makers and rich men who have. floated war loans have offered themselves and their eligible sons on the altar of their country. At midnight Representative Johnson, of Washington, addressed the House, pledging the loyalty of every citizen of Washington. He said the Washing ton Legislature, foreseeing war was in evitable, had voted half a million dol lars to get the Washington troops in readiness. Pierce County Is donating American Lake camp site to the Gov ernment for military use. Having re cently been home, Johnson said he knew there was no divlston of sentiment in his district and state, that Washington will loyally support the President. Representative Miller, of Seattle, made his maiden speech In the early morning hours, declaring his support of the war resolution and his Intention to stand by the President. Professor Leigh to Lecture. Professor Robert D. Leith Will lec ture at Sellwood Community House. East Fifteenth street And Spokane ave nue, tonight at 8:15 o'clock on "Political Problems of Permanent Peace." Mrs. Boyersmlth. to Read. Mrs. Katherine Boyersmlth will read "The Terrible JfteeV tonight In the i1 i 5 E Ijjj. Y:- J mi - r 1 Gifts for IXGERSOLL It WA1 CH, can be CKOSS" SAKKTV pigskin leather price is SI. , a; special at. . Rubber Goods Two - quart Combination Water AQ Bottle and Fountain Syringe. O J. J Two-quart Wood-Lark Fountain 0O ff Syringe, two-year guarantee. BtObiUU One-year guarantee S1JW. Rubber Gloves on sale now priced O C at only.......... fcOC IP. -if tz Morse Seeds Keally Lrrow and. more yet, they're tested and true to name. 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Alnswortli and Mr. Olmstcad Say Vote Agalnstf War Docs Xot Sliow Feelings of Any Num ber of People of State. SAX FRANCISCO. April 5. (Special.) Indignant at the action of United States Senator Harry Lane, of Oregon. In voting as one of the six "wilful men" against the war resolution at Washington last night, a group of Ore gon bankers, who are here to plead for a branch of the Federal Reserve Bank at Portland, prepared tonight to take action to repudiate. If not recall Sen ator Lane. Headed by Emery Olmstead, vice president of the Northwestern National Bank, of Portland, and J. C. Alnsworth, president of the United States National Kank, of the Bame city, the Oregonians held an indignation meeting at the Palace Hotel "We want It made plain that Senator Lane does not by his vote represent any part of his constituency," said Mr. Olm stead. "We are absolutely disgusted with him and will resent his disgraceful ac tion with considerable force. If the legal machinery makes it feasible, you can be assured that Lane will be speedily recalled." Mr. Alnsworth added his protest to that of Mr. Olmstead. Both men are directors of the Port land Chamber of Commerce. "Lane's vote represents his personal whim," said Mr. Alnsworth. "It repre sents no part of the public sentiment In Oregon, and we will leave no stone unturned to vindicate our loyalty and patriotism before the country." Salute Defeated by Riddle Hoard. RIDDLE. Or.. April 6. (Special.) At a recent school meeting here two of the school directors overruled a sug gestion by the third to instruct the teachers in the Riddle school to have their pupils salute the flag every morning. The people of Riddle, and especially the school, are highly in censed. The two opposing members, W. L. Kaiser and W. T. Langlols. ruled that It might make trouble in school. Antl-Conserlptlon Posters Appear. QUEBEC. April 5. Posters denounc ing conscription in Canads. printed In Prevents Infection, Heals Stubborn Old Sores, Cuts, Burns, Wounds. Why don't old sores heal? Simply because they ate Infected in other words, they are alive with germs. Get a bottle of Benetol. Follow directions in booklet. Bathe those sores, boils, carbuncles or eczema patches with a solution of Benetol and kill every germ. Surprising results are Imme diate. Don't fail to try Benetol If you are afflicted. For Sale at All Druggists in Original R I-1 r C" '. I "--7. .... , Trade Winners! SERVICE-PRICES-STAMPS-If You Are Not a Patron, Let Us Convince You the Soldiers A D I O I. I X K WHIST tf read in the dark, l'rtce HA7.0K. in compact case. 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The moving picture benefit an nounced for tonight at a moving pic ture theater in Rosa City Park will not . be held, it was announred last night by officers of the Girls' National Honor Guard. The announcement of the benefit was a mistake, as only pre limlnary plans for a benefit had been ALDtK STEET AT WEST FBK MAE5HALL 7PO-MOMK A 6171 J Your New Spring Suit should be selected with care. Courteous salesmen men who are really interested in properly fitting you are always a help. Strong daylight is of great as sistance in selecting a new suit. The entire second floor of our new building is devoted to men's clothing, and you will here find courteous and interested clerks and plenty of daylight. This season we show a very large assortment of young men's clothes, including many novelties not to be found elsewhere. The well-known Alfred Benjamin clothes can be bought in Port land only of us. NEW SPRING SUITS $17 to $45 May we have the pleasure of showing you? 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