6
THE 3IORXIXG OREGONIAN, TITTTRS1AY. APRIL 5, 1917.
U.S.SENATE ADOPTS
WAR RESOLUTION
Declaration Made That State
of War Exists With Ger
many by 82 to 6.
LANE AGAIN VOTES "NO"
House 'W1H Act Today Capitol
, Silent "hen Momentous Ques
tion Is Carried Stirring
Debate Lasts All Day.
(Continued From First Page.)
of German interests in this country,
had been present.
Secretary McAdoo was on the floor
during the last few hours of the de
bate. Applause Is Lacking.
As the last name was called and
the clerk answered the vote, 82 to
6, there was hardly a murmur of ap
plause. -.
The great crowd was awed by the
solemnity of the occasion and sobered
by the speeches they had heard.
After the vote was announced the
Senate remained in session only a few
minutes. The galleries began to
empty at once, and the Senators
themselves, tired out by the long day,
left quickly. The Senate adjourned
until noon Friday to await action by
the House.
Sir Opponents All of "noirn."
All six of the Senators who voted
against the resolution were members
of the group of 12 which defeated the
armed neutrality bill at the last ses
sion. There was no attempt to filibus
ter this time, however, and most of the
18 hours of debate was consumed by
champions of the resolution.
Of the other six opponents of armed
neutrality. Senators Cummins, Klenyon
and Klrby voted for the resolution to
night. Senators O'Oorman. Clapp and
Works, the remaining: three, retired to
private life at the end of the last ses
sion. 83 Loynl Ones Listed.
The vote follows:
For the resolution (Democrats)
Ashurst, Beckham. Broussard, Cham
berlain, Culberson, Fletcher, Gerry,
Hardwick, Hitchcock, Hughes, Husting,
James, Johnson of South Dakota, Jones
of New Mexico, Kendrick, King, Kirby,
Lewis, McKeller, Martin. Myers, Over
man, Owen, Phelan, Plttman, Pomer
ene, Ramsdell, Reed. Robinson, Sauls
bury, Shafroth. Sheppard. Shields, Sim
mons, Smith of Arizona, Smith of
Georgia, Smith of South Carolina,
Swanson, Thompson, Trammell, Under
wood, Walsh. Williams. Total, 43.
Republicans Borah, Brady, Brando
gee, Calder. Colt, Cummins. Curtis, Dil
lingham, Fall, Fernald, France, Fre
llnghuysen, Galllnger, Hale, Harding,
Johnson of California, Jones of Wash
ington, Kellogg, Kenyon, Knox, Dodge.
McCumber, McLean, Nelson, New, Page,
Penrose, Poindexter, Sherman, Smith
of Michigan, Smoot, Sterling, Suther
land, Townsend, Wadsworth, Warren,
Watson, Weeks, Wolcott. Total, 39.
Total for the resolution, 82.
Six Fnll to Uphold Flae.
Against the resolution (Democrats)
Lane, Stone, Vardaman. Total, 3.
Republicans Gronna, La Follette,
Norris. Total. 3.
Total against the resolution, 6.
Absent or paired Bankhead. Goff,
Gore, Hollis. Newlands, Smith of Mary
land, Thomas, Tillman. 8.
Of those absent It was announced by
various Senators that all except Sena
tor Gore of Oklahoma, would have
voted for the resolution If present. As
to Senator Gore, Senator Reed an
nounced merely that he was absent be
cause of Illness.
House Accepts Senate Bill,
In offering the Senate resolution as
a. substitute for Its own, the House for
eign affairs committee today submit
ted a long report reviewing the history
of submarine warfare and America's
futile protests against It, German In
trigues and bomb plots In this coun
try, the effort to ally Japan and Mex
ico against the United States and the
mistreatment of American officials
and citizens In Germany.
"It Is with the deepest sense of re
sponsibility of the momentous results
which will follow the passage of this
resolution," said the report, "'that your
committee reports it to the House, with
the recommendation that It be passed
German Conduct Assailed. -
"The conduct of the imperial Ger
man government toward this Govern-?
merit, its citizens and its Interests, has
been so discourteous, unjust, cruel,
barbarous and so lacking In honesty
that It has constituted a violation of
the course of -conduct which should ob
tain between friendly nations.
"In addition to this, the German gov
ernment is actually making war upon
the people ana commerce of this coun-
try, and leaves no course open to this
Government but to accept its gage of
battle and declare that a state of war
exists."
Two Oppose Report.
Only two members of the foreign af
fairs committee voted against the re
port Representatives Shackelford, of
Missouri, Democrat, and Cooper, of
Wisconsin, Republican.
Representative Briten, of Illinois,
Republican, gave notice during the day
that he would oppose the resolution In
the House and would offer an amend
ment to prohibit the use of American
troops abroad unless directed by Con
gress. Representative London, of New
York, Socialist, is ihe only member
who has flatly stated his intention to
vote against the resolution. Repre
sentative Shackelford issued a. state
ment, saying: "It Is no dishonor for
an Individual or for a government to
overlook Injuries which It has re
ceived." No Joy, Only Duty, Seen.
In a brief opening statement. Senator
Hitchcock, in charge of the resolution,
said the present was a time for "action,
not discussion."'
. "The time for discussion has passed,
he said. "The President has already
stated more clearly, effectively, more
conclJsively the reasons which make
this grave step necessary. The resolu
tion provides for war against the Im
perial government. It is framed on
the lines of other war resolutions. It
3laces responsibility for the war
equarely on the shoulders of the Ger
man government, charged with re
peated acts of war against the United
States. it is also unquestionably a
declaration of war.
"I ami Impressed with the 10160111117
of the ocaslon. Some may be filled with
Joy at the prospect of war. To me It
Is depressing and dreadful. The enor
mous cost which the people must
pay, the great Increase In the cost of
living, the enormous burden of taxes
the people must bear and the still
greater heritage of death, stagger my
mind. The awful sacrifice of lives that
must follow sickens my heart. I am
sure many other Senators feel as I do.
"We want no more territory," said
Senator Hitchcock. "We will demand
no indemnity. We have no historic
grudge to settle nor racial antipathy.
In this respect we differ from the other
countries already involved in this
awful struggle. There is pan-Slavism
against pan-Germanism. Italy wants
back the Trentino; Franc) her lost
provinces. Great Britain has German
commerce and German colonies almost
in her grasp: Russia wants Constanti
nople, and Germany, besides her place
In the sun, wants to dominate Europe.
"We, of all nations, will spend our
treasure and our blood and sacrifice
our lives without the thought or pos
sibility of gain. We are going to war
to vindicate our honor and independ
ence as a great nation, and In defense
of humanity. Such quarrel as we have
with Germany is not of our choosing.
It was forced upon us, and we did
much to avoid it. For nearly three
years the President, Congress and the
American people have hoped to avoid
It. But one desperate act by the Im
perial German government has fol
lowed another. I do not mean to say
Germany has desired war with us. I
do not believe that. But the imperial
German government has been desperate
and has taken desperate chances."
American neutrality, the Senator
said, had first been shocked by the
invasion of Belgium, then the sink
ing of the Lusitania almost caused
war. He said, however, he did not
consider that Germany had violated any
pledges she gave after the sinking of
the Lusitania because she had express
ly reserved the right to revoke that
pledge.
During Senator Hitchcock's speech.
Senator La Follette was absent most of
the time, conferring with Senator Gron
na and others who are expected to op
pose the resolution.
Senator Hitchcock said he had hoped
armed l eutrality would avert war.
"Unfortunately the opposition of the
filibuster against that bill resulted in
word roing out to trie world that the
official branches --f the Government
were at loggerheads," he said. "The re
sult has been that our rights have been
more Imposed upon than ever, more
American ships have been sunk, lives
of American citizens have been lost.
Armed neutrality had passed as an ex
pedient against war.
President Hud Information.
"I have been bitterly opposed to war.
I have used my Influence to that end.
Even when I knew the people were
calling for war and a majority of Con
gress overwhelmingly was for it, I
sought out the President and begged
him to remain longer. If possible, un
der the policy of armed neutrality as
an expedient for peace. But the Presi
dent had Information In his possession
which made it impossible.
"The country Is ready and Congress
Is ready. While the vote has not been
recorded, the decision has been made.
It Is war.
"I cannot vote against war," Sena
tor Hitchcock concluded, "without do
ing a vain and foolish thing. It would
only serve to weaken my country in
the face of the enemy and the world
when war Is Inevitable. I am ready
now to take my place with those who
will back up the President for the hon
or and protection of the Nation."
Senator Hitchcock spoke only about
20 minutes, and was followed by Sen
ator Swanson, of Virginia, who said the
German government "has repeatedly
and grossly violated Its treaty obliga
tions to us and wantonly broken sol
emn assurances."
"The Issue is not peace or war," de
clared Senator Swanson. "War has al
ready been declared upon us. The Is
sue is whether we shall accept war or
abject and cowardly submission."
. "Teach Lesson" Is Plea.
Reciting the sinking of American
ships, German plots and outrages In
this country. Senator Swanson said the
Zlmmermann plot to Incite Mexico
against this country "reaches the low
est depths of National turpitude."
"We have long suspected a disposi
tion by Germany to dispute the Monroe
Doctrine. Now is the time to teach
this mischief-making German govern
ment that our territorial sovereignty
cannot be made a subject of war bar
gaining. "The advocates of peace now would
place upon this Nation the slume at a
still greater submission. They would
endure still greater affronts and suffer
still greater submission."
Reciting the warnings given to Ger
many against ruthless submarine war.
Senator Swanson asked if they "were
mere empty boasts and bluff or the
solemn voice of a resolute people?"
"No," he answered. "Congress will
not by cowardly action declare that
diplomatically we rear and then, re
buffed, strike with the gentle hand of
a woman."
He recited the sinking of various
American vessels and Germany's
barred-zone decrees as "tyranny and
arrogance."
"We have almost forgotten the
wrongs of the past In the outrages of
the present," he continued, asserting
that unless American rights are upheld
'Old Glory will be sunk to low depths
of shame and humiliation."
"What else can Germany do to wage
war against us?" he demanded. "Armed
neutrality would now be a cowardly
makeshift. We cannot avoid war.
When the war-mad autocracy that
rules Germany has been chastened or
overrun, ties of friendship now severed
will be reunited. The clock of Na
tional patriotism now strikes for each
of us in our hour of work and respon
sibility." Time Not One for Debate.
Senator - Lodge, ranking Republican
of the foreign relations committee,
spoke after Senator Swanson.
"No one is more conscious than I that
this is a moment for action and not for
debate," said Senator Lodge. "But I
wish briefly to state why I support It
with the greatest earnestness of which
I am capable.
"The most momentous power en
trusted to Congress by the Constitution
is the authority to declare war and
never has Congress been called to a
more solemn exercise of this great
power than at this moment. We have
submitted to wrongs and outrages
from the central powers of Europe with
a long patience. We have borne and
foreborne to the very limit of endur
ance. Now the Inevitable end Is here
and we are about to declare war
against Germany.
"Speaking for myself, and, I hope,
for my associates generally on this
side of the chamber, I desire to say
that In this crisis and with the coun
try at war, party lines will disappear
and this disappearance of the party
line will, I am confident, not be con
fined to the minority. Both Democrats
and Republicans must forget party In
the presence of a common danger.
"We have only a very small Army
and we must proceed at once as rap
idly as possible to build up a large
one fit to defend the country In any
emergency.
"Our Navy Is strong In certain
branches and very weak In others.
It must be our business to supply the
deficiencies as rapidly as possible. For
tunately these deficiencle are of the
kind which can be most quickly sup
plied.
"The President has said that war
'will Involve the most practicable co
operation In council and action with
the governments now at war with
Germany' and as" incident to that the
extension to those governments of the
most liberal financial credits, in or
der that our resources may so far as
possible be added to theirs.
"I am not only In agreement with
LEADER OF PRO-GERMAN FORCES IN SENATE AND SENATOR WHO
TORE HIS ARGUMENT TO PIECES.
- i - " . 7 - 1 ' , I, 1 1 -i TusWh r?-ttt- IHir
it "-'4"" -
- 9-8 S
this policy advised by the President,
but It seems to me that nothing Is
more important than to follow it out.
"I am a thorough believer in the gen
eral policy laid down by Washington
when he advised the people of the
United States not to enter into per
manent alliances; but the man who won
the American Revolution through the
alliance with France would have been
the last to lay down a hard and fast
rule that under no circumstances and
for no purposes were we ever to ally
ourselves with other nations. It would
be madness for us to attempt to make
war alone upon Germany and find our
selves, perhaps, at the end left isolated
at war with that power, when all the
nations had made peace, because we
had not associated ourselves with them.
The allies of the entente, as they are
called, are fighting a common foe, and
tneir foe is now ours. We cannot send
an army across the ocean, for we have
no army to send. Yet I should be glad
for one If we could send 10,000 men of
our regular troops, so that the flag of
the United States might at least be un
furled In the fields of France. I be
lieve that the mere sight of that flag
In that region made so desolate by war
would stimulate the courage and help
the success of those who have the same
aim that we have and who seek the
same victory. We can also help the
allies, as the President recommends,
with large credits and with those sup
plies we can furnish and which they
lack. We cannot do more in any di
rection to bring this war to a speedy
end than to give the credits and fur
nish those supplies."
Moot. Germans Thought Loyal.
Senator Lodge, referring to the Pres
ident's statement concerning German
spies In this country, said he believed
"the overwhelming mass of our citizens
of German descent are Just as loyal to
the United States as any citizens could i
be," but that German agents mast be
dealt with, to quote the President's
address, "with a firm hand."
Senator Lodge said one of the first
acts of the United States should be to
seize the German ships now in the
United States and put that tonnage In
the world's service.
"We never have been a military na
tion." Mr. Lodge continued. "We are
not prepared for war in the modern
sense, but our resources are vast and
we have unbounded energies and the
day when war is declared we should
devote ourselves to calling out these
resources and organizing these energies
bo that they can be used with the most
effect In hastening the complete vic
tory. "The worst of all wars Is a feeble
war. War Is too awful to be entered
upon half-heartedly. If we fight at all
we must fight for all we are worth. It
must be no weak, hesitating war. The
most merciful war is that which is most
vigorously waged and which comes
most quickly to an end.
"But there are, in my opinion, some
things worse for a nation than war.
National degeneracy is worse; national
cowardice is worse. The division of
our people Into race groups, striving
to direct the course of the United
States in the Interests of some other
country when we should have but one
alliance, one hope and one tradition
all these dangers have been gathering
about us and darkening the horizon
during the last three years. Whatever
suffering and misery war may bring.
It will at least sweep these foul thJngs
away. It will unify us into oneVs'a-
tlon.
War Is for Human Freedom.
"But there Is still a higher purpose
here as I look upon It. The President
has said with great Justice that Ger
many Is making war on all nations.
We do not enter upon this war to se
cure victory for one nation against
another. Wo enter this war to unite
with those who are fighting the com
mon foe in order to preserve human
freedom, democracy and modern civi
lization. They are all in grievous peril,
they are all threatened. This war is a
war, as I see it, against barbarism
panoplied In all the devices for de
struction of human life which science,
beneficent science, can bring forth.
We are resisting an effort to thrust
mankind back to forms of government,
to political creeds and methods of con
quest which we had hoped had disap
peared forever from the world."
Senator Vardaman, of Mississippi,
said he wished he could vote with the
majority of his colleagues, but that
he "must follow the path of duty" as
he sees It.
Some spectators got up and left the
gallaries as Vardaman spoke, and he
Interjected he did not care whether they
remained or not.
"The atmosphere enveloping this
Capitol for the past year." Vardaman
continued, "has been surcharged with
the spirit of prejudice, hate and love,
all good; and bad passions, until men
have lost their bearings and their
poise.
"If the Issue of war or peace should
be submitted to the people who must
fight the war," he said, "the voice of
the people would be heard thunder
ous tones directing the President to
find some other way than war.
"I am not going, to vote for this
resolution," said Vardaman. "But I am
not going to delay or interfere with
its passage."
Once in the war, he said, he would
support the President.
Another vigorous speech In opposi
tion to the war resolution was by Sen
ator Norris, of Nebraska, who charged
that "Wall street" and others of wealth
were Interested In profits and also that
J newspapers and news agencies have
2
if" ' ' - I
Top Senator John Sharp Williams, of
Mississippi. Below Sena tor La Fol
lette, of Wisconsin.
been In a propaganda to foster war
sentiment.
"I am most emphatically and sin
cerely opposed to taking any step that
will force this country into the useless
and senseless war," said Senator Nor
ris. "But I shall not permit my feelings
to Interfere with bringing success and
victory to American arms."
Norris cited loans to the allies as a
huge American Interest in the war's
outcome.
"Through these Instrumentalities and
of others who expected to make mil
lions more if our country can be drawn
In, a large number of the great news
papers and news agencies of the coun
try have been controlled and enlisted
in the greatest propaganda that the
world has ever known to manufacture
sentiment Into war.
"The enormous profits of munitions
manufacturers, stock brokers and bond
dealers must still be further Increased.
Congress, urged by the President and
backed by artificial sentiment. Is about
to engulf our country In the greatest
holocaust the world has ever known.
Dollar Sign on Flag Is Charged.
"We are going Into war upon com
mand of gold." Norris continued. "We
are about to do the bidding of wealth's
terrible mandate, make millions of our
countrymen suffer, untold generations
bear burdens and shed their llfeblood
and all because we want to preserve
our commercial rights to deliver muni
tions to the belligerents. I feel we are
about to put the dollar sign on the
American flag."
Senator Norris concluded by predict
ing that the conflict would take Amer
ica Into entanglements that will not
end with this war.
Senator Reed, Democrat of Missouri,
replied to Senator Norris by declaring
that his charge that the war resolution
was placing the dollar sign on the Am
erican flag was "almost treason."
His assertion that the nation was go
ing to war on the demand of gold was
"an Indictment of the President of the
United States, an Indictment of Con
gress, of the American people and of
the truth."
Senator Norris, Reed declared, was
a man so blinded by his obsessions
"that all that Is necessary to get him
to take a false vision Is to suggest that
some wealth or Interest, however re
mote or contingent, is concerned in
something or will make profits from
something."
The President Is not calling America
to arms for the sake of a few paltry
dollars. Senator Reed continued, but
for the life, honor and Integrity of this
country to say that neutral nations
shall not be crushed under the iron
heel of that military despotism that
threatens the life and civilization of
free countries and. In fact, the world.
Hisses Brine Warnings.
Senator James, Williams and Pome
rene Joined In a sharp tilt with the
Nebraska Senator at which spectators
laughed and applauded. Some hissed
statements by Senator Norris and were
warned against demonstrations.
When Senator Reed said the Nebraska
Senator owed It to the country to make
clear his "dollar mark" statement. Sen
ator Norris replied he could not help
wrong constructions being placed upon
his words and disclaimed any reflection
upon the President or Congress.
Senator Pomerene, of Ohio, Inter
rupted by saying about 300 Americans,
including women and children, had
been killed by submarine warfare. -
"How many more does the Senator
want to see killed before he Is ready to
defend our citizens and their rights?"
demanded the Ohio Senator.
"If any government were seeking out
Americans with intent to kill them be
cause they were Americans." said Sen
ator Norris, "I would go to war when
the first one was killed. That has not
been the case here either with those
killed by British mines or German sub
marines. In Mexico more than 300 have
been killed because they 'were Ameri
cans and that was all right?"
"I think," replied Mr. Pomerene,
"Senators will distinguish between the
actions of a responsible government
and one that Is Irresponsible."
Stone Opposition Continued.
Senator Stone, in opposing the reso
lution, said:
"I fear that involving the United
States in this European war will com
mit the greatest National blunder of
history. I shall vote against commit
ting this mistake to prevent which I
would gladly lay down my life.
"But If the constituted powers ''of
my Government shall decide- for war
and we go into the war, then I shall
cast all doubts and foreboding to the
winds and my eyes will be blind to
everything .but the flag of my country
and my ears will be deaf to every call
except the call of my country In Its
hour of periL"
Senator McCumber, Republican, pro
posed to postpone recognition of a
state of war by a resolution to declare
the future sinking of any American
ship without warning or failure to take
care of American passengers or other
violations of international law an act
of war and authorize the President to
use the military forces of the country
to carry the war to a successful termi
nation. I
Senator McCumber said "a very con
siderable portion of the people" do not
favor war.
"If this last effort of mine." he con
cluded, "shall fall. I shall acquiesce in
the Judgment of the majority and sup
port my Government In Its every war
need, and shall never vote to sheath the
sword until peace, honorable and just
shall be restored."
Senator Myers, of Montana, said:
"We can maintain peace no longer
and maintain our honor and our rights.
There is one of two courses submit or
fight. The question Is, shall we take
orders from the German government?
If we do not accept Germany's defiant
challenge, then the men who fought at
Bunker Hill will have died in vain to
establish a Nation too degenerate or
too cowardly to survive."
Letter From Woman Read.
Senator LaFollette began his speech
by reading a letter to Representative
Helgesen. of North Dakota, from a
North Dakota woman, protesting in be
half of her son against the slaughter
of war. The Wisconsin Senator was
given close attention.
"I had supposed until recently," said
the Senator, as he concluded the let
ter, "that It was the duty of Senators
and representatives to vote and act
their convictions on questions coming
before them. Quite another doctrine
has been proposed by the newspapers
of the country. It Is doctrine of stand
ing behind the President without In
quiry as to whether he Is right or
wrong.
"I have never subscr'bed to that doc
trine and I never shall. I have stood
behind him when I believed him right
and I shall continue to oppose him
when I believe him wrong.
"If It Is Important for us to speak on
matters of domestio policy, though we
may unfortunately be in disagreement,
it Is infinitely more Important to speak
and vote our conviction when the ques
tion Is one of peace or war. Involving
certainly the lives and fortunes of our
people, and it may be the destinies of
all of them and even of the civilized
world as welL"
The Wisconsin Senator referred to
the President's speech to Congress and
when he severed relations with Ger
many the one asking for armed neu
trality. He said conditions between
this country and Germany have not
changed greatly since the diplomatic
break.
Chsrse "Wilful" Resented.
Declaring he became convinced that
arming of merchantmen would be futile
and a "lure to their destruction," Sen
ator LaFollette spoke of how he had
been criticised by the Executive for op
posing the armed-ship bill. The Presi
dent's daughter. Mrs. McAdoo, listened
from the gallery.
"Representatives of the President
saw fit. by methods I do not care to
characterize, to prevent my speaking,"
the Senator said. "The President Is
sued a statement In which he saw fit to
characterize 'willful' the conduct of
Senators who. In obedience to their con
victions and oaths of office, opposed
the bill. I know of no graver charge."
Senator La Follette read a sheaf of
telegrams reporting "straw vote," post
card and other polls In various com
munities opposing war. He declared out
of 15,000 or 20,000 letters and telegrams
he had received regarding his vote on
the armed ship bill, from 80 to 90 per
cent had approved his stand. The Sen
ators who opposed the armed neutrality
bill had been attacked and "scurrllous
ly libeled" in the newspapers, he de
clared, contrary to the spirit of fairness
which once pervaded the Nation.
Asserting that a minority frequently
Is able to shape the National policy.
Senator La Follette digressed from his
prepared speech to make a plea that
the people make themselves heard.
"The poor, who are called to rot in
the trenches," he declared dramatically,
"have now no organized mouthpiece.
They have no press, but some time they
will be heard. I hope. In an orderly and
peaceful way and before long, when If
we take this step prices of necessaries
will multiply and they will come to be
taxed double again and again. The peo
ple will be heard; they will have their
say."
Charge of Unfairness Made.
The Wisconsin Senator referred to
the President's statement that Ger
many had violated her submarine
pledges and continued:
"Her promise, so-called, was condi
tional upon England being brought to
obedience of international law. Was It
quite fair to lay before the country the
statement that Germany made an un
conditional promise and had deliberate
ly violated It?
"It was England not Germany who
refused to obey the Declaration of
London, containing the most humane
Ideas of naval warfare which could be
framed by the civilised world up to
that time. Keep that In mind.
"If this Is war upon all mankind,
la It not peoullar that the United States
Is the only Nation of all neutrals
which regards It necessary to declare
war upon Germany? All have refused
to join In a combination against Ger
many. Some may have a clearer view
than we. This suspicion of a desire
for war profits does not attach to
them."
Senator La Follette said the United
States has not the confidence of the
other American republics because of its
war policies. He predicteed that en
trance of the United States would not
shorten the conflict, ."but will vastly
extend it by drawing in other nations."
It is idle, he declared, to talk of a war
on the German government and not
on the German people.
"We are leagued," he continued, "or
about to be, according to the Presi
dent's speech, with the hereditary ene
mies of the German people. Words are
not strong enough to protest against
a combination with the entente allies
which would have us indorse the viola
tions of International law by Great
Britain and her purpose to wreak ven
geance on the German people. We
did not know what was In the minds of
those who made the compacts In which
we are to share."
Referring to the President's asser
tion that the German people were'
thrown Into the war without an oppor
tunity to say- anything about It, the
Senator asked:
"Will the supporters of this war bill
have a vote on it before it goes into
effect? Unless they do that It 111 be
comes us to speak of Germany. . Sub
mit this question to the people. By a
vote of 10 to 1 they would register
their declaration against war."
The German people, he declared, have
been more solidly behind their govern
ment than the people of the United
States will be behind the President In
waging a war on Germany.
"The espionage bill and the military
bill that have been drawn by the war
machine In this country," he said, "are
complete proof that those responsible
know that it has not popular support.
The armies necessary to be raised to
aid the entente allies cannot be raised
by voluntary enlistment.''
Praising the character and services
ef German-Americans In this country.
Senator La Follette said they now are
being "dogged by secret service men."
He denied that any one government is
responsible for the war, saying it was
caused by European secret diplomacy,
and citing the Anglo-Morocco secret
treaty as "the most reprehensible, dis
honest and perjured of records."
"England first began the ruthless
naval warfare," he charged, "by re
pudiating the declaration of London."
Senator Knox, of Pennsylvania, in
terrupted to suggest that England did
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G
to
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. M.
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not ratify the declaration. Senator La
Follette replied that British represen
tatives signed It. and Senator Stone
said England had not actually reject
ed it.
"It has pleased those who have been
conducting this campaign through the
press (for war) to make a Jumble of
issues'contlnued Senator La Follette,
"until now It Is impossible to get an
Intelligent answer regarding the real
issues. They say Americans -are being
killed by German submarines. Wo have
not a leg to stand on In support of
this war declaration."
"That the United States did not pro
test more vigorously against the Brit
ish mine field blockade was the Ad
ministration's great mistake." the Sen
ator said, "and the real and primary
cause-of an American war declaration.'
"We have wallowed in the mire at
the feet of Great Britain and submit
ted in silence to her dictation." he
continued. "Because we acquiesce, wo
have a legal and moral responsibility
to Germany. . Thus we have been
actively aiding her enemy in starving
German women, children and old men.
Germany waits three long months for
this Government to protest. In prin
ciple, therefore, Germany had the right
blindly to destroy ships by submarines
and mines In her own blockade zone.
Germany Is doing only what England
is doing.
Germany Called Patient.
"Germany has been patient with us,
standing strictly on her rights to be
accorded the same treatment as Eng
land by us."
When Senator La Follette concluded
he had been speaking, mora than three
hours. Senator Williams, of Mississip
pi, arose Immediately to reply.
"The speech of the Wisconsin Sen
ator would better have become Herr
von Bethmann-Hollweg than an Ameri
can Senator," said Senator Williams.
"In fact, he had gone further than Herr
von Bethmann-Hollweg would ever
have gone. Bethmann-Hollweg said
the use of the submarine could be
justified only on the ground of neces
sity, the Senator from Wisconsin puts
it on the same footing as Great . Brit
ain's interference with our commerce.
"I fully expected the Senator from
Wisconsin, before he took his seat, to
defend the invasion of Belgium, the
most barbarous act ever committed. I
heard from him a speech that was pro
German. pro-Goth, pro-Vandal, and
which was anti-President, anti-Congress
and anti-American.
"While pronouncing an eulogy on
the German people he might have eulo
gized a very much greater, better and
more Intelligent people the Amerioan.
His speech was exactly what might
have been delivered In the German
Reichstag by Bethmann-Hollweg. If
Bethmann-Hollweg had the audacity.
But Bethmann-Hollweg had too much
sense, to much knowledge to make
that speech."
La Follette Leaves Chamber.
At this point Senator La Follette left
the Chamber, but remained in the
cloakroom awhile, within hearing dis
tance. Continuing. Senator Williams aald
he heard in Imagination the groans of
men, women and children sent to wa
tery graves by German submarines.
-"But the Senator from Wisconsin
hears none of them," said the Missis
sippi Senator. "I have loved the Wis
consin Senator In a way. until recent
ly, but I have no patience with any
man who stands up in the Senate at
this time applauding the common ene
my who also Is the enemy of the hu
man race, and has rot one word in
praise of the American President or
the American people.
"If the American people can't be
aroused now in patriotic fervor they
are degenerate sons of noble sires. We
are involved in this war now. but not
by Congress; Involved by the German
Kaiser. I Join the President in ex
pressing no hostility against the Ger
man people themselves.. I have lived
among them two years.
"The Senator from Wisconsin la
bored to establish an identity of pur
pose and action In the violations of our
neutral rights of Great Britain and
Germany. He proved he did not know
the difference between a prize court
and a torpedo. Great Britain has
drowned none of our citizens.
Need of Alliance Cited.
"I am a little tired of utterances
like that of the Senator from Wiscon
sin denouncing the entente allies. He
endeavors to twist the British lion's
talL Demagogues have been doing that
ever since the revolution, but it Is a
matter of history that most of the
people of England were against the
war on the colonies.
"Which would you rather do, fight
Germany now, with France and Great
Britain and Russia, or fight her alone
later? You've got to do one or the
other. I tell you if Germany does win
that fight on the continent of Europe
she will begin building and getting
ready to whip us unless the English
fleet prevents It."
Referring to the Wisconsin Senator's
statement that the United States has
nothing to lose, no mater which wins
the war. Senator Williams sad:
"Let's see. Have we no honor, no
regard for the future sovereignty of
our country, no regard to pur flag? Is
sentiment rot, is patriotism rot. is there
nothng preeous except money?
i "I'm getting tired of this talk that
luray s
and Quality
GRAY
IUM.'JIH!SJI,1
this Is a Wall street war. That's a lie.
Wall street did not sink the Lusitania.
the Arabic, the Sussex, and those other
ships. I'm tired of lies like that, and
I think it Is the duty of the American
Congress and people to brand them as
lies." ,
Turkish Rule Asuailed.
Senator Williams said the resolution
did not propose that the United States
enter the war, but that it go into an
American war to protect American
rights, and for the sake of honor. Jus
tice, safety, liberty and equality. Once
at war, he declared, the United States
should stay until it became assured
that the houses of Hohenzollern and
Hamburg would no longer reign In
Germany and Austria, and that the
Turk would be forced back Into Asia.
Senator Husting, Senator La Fol
lette's Wisconsin colleague, said that
while every Senator had a mind of his
own and spoke on his own convictions
in times of this kind, the conduct of in
ternational atfairs must be in the hand
of one man. He said that he believed
that if the question of "peace or war"
were submitted" to the people it would
be voted down.
"That," he added, "Is not the ques
tion. The question is. shall the people
of the United States support the Presi
dent and Congress of the United States
in whatever course they deem wisett
and safest? I want to say that if the
question were submitted to the people
they would sustain the President and
Congress overwhelmingly.
"I would not ko on record as saying
the people of my state would be dis
loyal and they would be disloyal if
(Concluded on Paee l. Column 1.)
CAN'T FIND DANDRUFF
Every bit of dandruff disappears after
one or two ap - .cations of Oanderine
rubbed well into the scalp with the fin
ger tips. Get a 25-cent bottle of Dan
derlne at any. drug store and save your
hair. After a few applications you can't
find a particle of dandruff or any fall
ing hair, and the scalp will never Itch.
CHILD IS BILIOUS
OR CONSTIPATED
Look, Mother! See if Tongue Is
Coated, Breath Hot or
Stomach Sour.
"California Syrup of Figs" Can't
Harm Tender Stomach,
Liver, Bowels.
Every mother realizes, after giving
her children "California Syrup of Figs,"
that this Is their Ideal laxative.-because
they love its pleasant taste and It thor
oughly cleanses the tender little stom
ach, liver and bowels without griping.
When cross, irritable, feverish, or
breath is bad. stomach sour, look at the
tongue, mother! If coated, give a tea
spoonful of this harmless "fruit laxa
tive," and in a few hours all the foul,
constipated, waste, sour bile and undi
gested, food passes out of the bowels,
and you have a well, playful child again.
When the little system Is full of cold,
throat sore, has stomach-ache, diar
rhoea. Indigestion, colic remember, a
good "inside jcleanslngr" should always
be the first treatment given.
Millions of mothers keep "California.
Syrup of Figs" bandy; they know a tea.
spoonful today eaves a sick child to
morrow. Ask your druggist for a 60
cent bottle of "California -Syrup of
Figs." which bas directions for babies,
children of all ages and. crown-ups
printed on the bottle. Beware of coun
terfeits sold here, so don't be fooled.
Get the genuine, made .by "California
Fiji Syrup Company,':
CROSS
FEVERISH