10
TIIE MORNING OREG ONIAN, FRIDAY MARCH 16, 1917.
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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, MARCH IS, 1017.
THE RCSSIAJf BEVOLCHOX
Revolution In Russia Is the result
Of a combination of forces; indeed,
without such a union it could not
have been so quickly successful. The
one sentiment regarding national pol
icy which deeply pervades the entire
nation, rich and poor, noble and peas
ant, reactionary and liberal, is pan
rJIavism. It is so strong that even
the autocratic Czar yields to it. That
sentiment burst lnt- flame when Aus
tria sent the ultimatum to Serbia, and
the Czar expressed the popular will
when he declared war in defense of
Serbia.
The corrupt, incompetent bureau
cracy, which includes some Germans
and many pro-German Russians, fell
in with this policy from a variety of
motives. Liberal sentiment had been
steadily gaining since the revolution
of 1905, and a foreign war seemed to
offer a diversion, with opportunities
to increase arbitrary power and to
line the pockets of the officials. Un
able to resist the war sentiment of
the conservative nobles, the pro-Ger
mans outwardly yielded, but secretly
aided Germany. It was hoped to give
popular enthusiasm an outlet, Harm-
less to the government, in voluntary
work auxiliary to the army.
But the bureaucrats over-reached
themselves. The disasters of the
campaigns of 1914 and 1915 were
largely the result of their corruption,
treacnery ana incompetence. &up-
pnes designed ror the army never
reacnea it. in tne great retreat irom
l-"olana vast quantities or artillery ana
ammunition were needlessly sacrificed.
and tralnloads of food were reported
to have been shipped to Roumania
for sale to Germany and Austria.
Military secrets were betrayed to the
enemy. Men were sent to the front
unarmed or armed only with iron
bars. Many who had rifles had no
cartridges. The Duma and the volun-
tary associations, whose aid had been
welcomed by the government, turned
upon it as critics. It became neces-
sary to enlist th. aid of the Duma
and the manufacturers in producing I
munitions, and a committee of their and towns few and far between; and
leaders was formed. This committee, he was a steamboat owner and op
while aiding much in prosecution of erator when the Upper Columbia
the war, added strength to the Duma River was the only highway except
ana tne populace. Tne demand that I
Russia be transformed into a consti
tutional monarchy had grown steadily
and was supported by a new argu
ment drawn from the failure of the
bureaucrats. The Duma constantly
gained more power over conduct of
the war, and used it to gain more con-
trol over the government in general
and to Dring forward internal re-
forms. I
Sturmer was made Premier in the
hope that he would hold the Liberals capital, and it became and long re
in check, but he only brought matters mained a hospitable center for the so-
to a head. After the series of victories
wmcn marked the campaign of last
Summer, the Russian armies in Galicia
and "Volhynla were brought to a halt,
ana tne aid upon which Roumania re-
lied when entering the war was so
slow In coming and so insufficient
that it failed to save that country
from being overwhelmed. Then the
secret that Sturmer had hwn Heo.retlv
negotiating with Germanv for a seoa.
rate peace leaked out, and not only
the Duma but the Conservative Coun-
cil of the empirecorresponding to
the British House of Lords, and tha
Congress of Nobles turned upon him man or series of gentlemen responst
in fairy. All demanded full co-ouera- hie for the blood-curdling adventures
tion of the government with the
Duma, which the latter held to be sieutn. j, or reasons tnat are not ail
possible only by Installing a Cabinet ficult to understand, there has been
responsible to Its majority. Sturmer no widespread claiming of the specious
was driven out and Trepoff became honors involved. Even the most dar
Premler last November. He won the lnS and resourceful of our explorers
support of the Duma by rejecting all of cryptograms have made no effort
thought of a separate peace, by an- to saddle the Carter offense on either
nouncing that the allies had promised Mr- Shakespeare or Mr. Bacon. Some
Constantinople to Russia, by inviting time ago a lunatio died in the Califor
nia Duma's aid and by appointing two hia asylum who was accredited with
men of known Liberal opinions to the
Cabinet.
The Liberals demanded that Proto-
popoff. the reactionary Minister of the
Interior, be removed, but through
Rasputin, the impostor who had hyp-
notized the Czar, that official induced
the sovereign to resist. Rasputin was
murdered and Trepoff incurred the
displeasure of the Czar by allowing
publication of his dissolute record and
by making no effort to cantura tv.
murderers. The reactionary court
party seized the opportunity to brine
about Trepoffs dismissal and the an-
polntment of Prince Golitzin. one of
Its creatures, as Premier.
The difficulties with which the new
Premier had to contend were, how-
ever, aggravated by scarcity of food
In the great cities and in entire sec-
Hons which drew their supply from
otber parts of the empire. Russia
produces a superabundance, but Its
transportation system is uneaual to
the task of distribution. esneciallv
when taxed with the movement of
troops and military sunnlies. A con-
dition approaching famine in the great
cities angered the peoDle and inclined
them to support any movement aimed
at the government. The nation was
ripe for revolution.
Former popular outbreaks hnvit
been mercilessly surjoressed bv th
army, but this time the army is with
the people. Revolutionary rronairanr1
had made great inroads on the loyalty
Of the troops in 1905 and there were
several mutinies, but the officers
stood by the government and could
always find loyal troops to suppress
mutiny. But Russia has practically
a new army since the war becan. Th
old aristocratic officers and their
tamely obedient troops were almost
wined out by the camrjaiims of 1914
15. In order to officer th new levies
It was necessary to draw upon the
students of the universities nr. iv.
ceums and upon the educated middle
class, which is strongly Liberal and
anti-German. Instead of holding
aloof, like a distinct caste, as did the
old officers, these new men fraternized
with their soldiers like comrades and
rolssed no opportunity of spreading
Liberal propaganda. Many of the
nobles, too, though conservative, are
moved by patriotism to support any
movement aimed to drive out the dis
loyal, pro-German officials whom they
hold responsible for Russia's defeats.
Hence it was that the Duma had the
support of the garrison of Petrograd
in overturning the government, seizing
the reins t-nd forcing th a Czar to abdi
cate. The readiness with which the
Czar has yielded implies that he had
no hope of support from the rest of
the army. All alike seem to be of
one mind with the populace that vic
tory can be won by no other means
than sweeping away the eld system
and substituting a new one, founded
on public confidence and drawing its
mandate from the people.
The one sure consequence of the
revolution will be that' Russia will
listen to no more overtures for a sepa
rate peace and will fight the Teuton
alliance to the finish. As to other con
sequences, there is room for infinite
speculation, for no two revolutions
follow the same course. The proc
lamation of the boy Czarevitch, Alexis,
as Czar, with his uncle, Grand Duke
Michael, as regent, shows that there
is no disposition to found a republic
on the ruins of the monarchy. Other
1 Czars have been deposed or forced
to abdicate, but as the result of court
intrigues. This revolution is unique
in Russia through being led by a pop
ular, representative body. But there
are strong radical and republican ele
ments in the empire, and in former
revolutions in other lands these ele
ments have either gained power or
made a bid for power and been
crushed. France began in 178 9 by
attempting a limited monarchy, but
the party led by Mirabeau and Lafay
ette was soon supplanted by the
Girondists, who deposed the King and
founded the republic, .only to be sup
planted by the Jicobins, who inaugu
rated the reign of terror. If Russia
should follow .the French precedent,
the revolution has only begun.
This may prove to be only the first
of a series of revolutions growing out
of the great war. Under the leader
ship of Lloyd George, democracy is
more than ever supreme in Great Brit
ain, and far-reaching changes are in
prospect there. High officials of Ger
many admit that the government must
be liberalized as a result of the les
sons of the war. It may be that the
war wm sweep away the last rem-
nants of absolutism in Europe, and
that this absolutism will survive only
among barbarous and semi-barbarous
peoples. That would be a fit rebuke
for those champions of militarism who
inferred from Germany's earlv tri-
umphs that one-man power alone was
capable of efficient government and
that democracy was a synonym for
inefficiency and decadence.
ZEXAS FERRY MOODY.
A fine citizen and a worthy pioneer
of Oregon was Zenas F. Moody, who
died at Salem Wednesday night. The
story of his life epitomizes wonder-
fully the history of Oregon for nearly
sixty-six years from the primitive
days of its early .settlement to the
comfortable civilization of today. He
was surveyor when the wilderness and
the sagebrush were pretty much all
of Oregon: he was a trader and a
merchant, when distances were great
the poor roads of those times.
Then he was Governor of Oregon,
when political feeling ran high and
partisanship was the spirit and meth
od of public administration. But ha
escaned. bv his sturdy independence
and straightforward character, the
taint of faction and the spite of petty
intrigue; and he went his own way.
an honest and desirable way.
When Mr. Moodv became Governor.
ha established a fine home at the
cial and political life of the state.
There he lived happily for more than
thirty years, until the death of his
splendid helpmate, two years ago; and
since that time his health rapidly de
clined, until he passed peacefully on.
leaving behind the fragrant memory
of a true citizen
CLAIMING NICK CARTER.
f aI1 tne mysteries surrounding the
advent of. the Justly celebrated Nich
olas Carter none has been more pro
found than the identity of the gentle
and exploits of the swash-buckling
autnorsnip oi jnick carter aaventures,
a.nd that story naturally held a wide
appeal. It was easy to believe that
a brain from which exploits of Nick
Carter sprang eventually would carry
its Possessor Into a padded cell to rave
away nis uecnning years
But a new and formidable claimant
to the Nick Carter title has presented
himself and his proofs of authorship
aro outlined in tne new lorn iriDune,
to which he has presented his case.
I Tne series was begun as a novel, or
novelette, or si.uuo words, ana in re-
sponse to demand was succeeded by
yellow-backed novel after novel, each
with a wordage of 33.000. Eventually
a weekly adventure was produced in
I response to the demand of misguided
youths and elders possessed of per
vertea literary tastes. These install
ments called for SO, 00.0 words a week,
ana alr- JL-,er aamits mat mis was do
ynd the scope of his pen and imagi
nation. A staff of literary blood
curdlers was hired and all earned
their bread rescuing heroes and pro
Jecting villains until the total word
I ase reached close to the forty-million
Point. Translations have since been
made into many tongues a comfort
inS reflection, indicating that America
I is not the only seat of literary de
pravity.
I 11 appears rather unusual that Mr.
Dey should have made his admission
at ' tnis late aate. isrougni out at
revival meeting by some stirring ex-
noner, one couic. unaersiana sucu
confession as a rejection of past sin
ana a token of true repentance. Sure-
y- though, Nick Carter has had no
more wholesome effect upon the youth
of the land than has the cigarette.
Who would care to claim immortality
I on the grounds of first having con
- ltrived the cigarette? But we need
not concern ourselves over Nick Car
ter Bny lonser. The books continue to
I appear at rare intervals, although
with 6maU demand, since times have
changed and the movie thriller now
holds the adventure-loving youth Be-
CUI" "
I Contrary to normal expectation, the
J Increasing gpst of print a per has not
resulted In diminution of the output
of books .n the United States. '. Some
publishers may have met the ' prob-
lem by using Inferior grades, but un
the whole the craft has not suffered,
The output of the country in 1915 was
8734 volumes, and 2538 came from I
abroad, while in 1916 the total num
ber Increased to 10,445, but the num
ber of those from abroad decreased
to 1633. Of the nations of Europe,
France suffered the greatest reduc
tion, from 11,460 to 4275, while Eng
land's total was reduced from 10,655
to 9249. The proportion of books
dealing with war topics, or referring
to them indirectly, is large but has
been on the decrease, not, perhaps.
because of flagging public interest but
for the reason that the hastier writ
ers rushed into print at the beginning
of the conflict, while those now writ
ing are of the class that takes more
time to consider. Not many war books
have scored marked success, however.
and the general run .of fiction has
been rather below the average.
E. O. D. PATRIOTISM.
The Oregonian mildly disclaims
credit or responsibility for the loud
demand from the people of Oregon, or
a large and indignant part of them, I
for Senator Lane to resign. He will
not resign. Not all the outraged peo-
pie of Oregon, rising en masse In pro-
test agalns. his amazing abandonment
of his duty to the President and to
his country, would procure from him
public admission that he is wrong,
With his twisted vision. Lane has
never been in any kind of doubt about
himself. He will persist to the end
foollsh and at times mischievous
defiance of the recognized conven-
tions, which call upon, him and upon
everv nubile official to do the obvious
thing at the right time. He rarely
does. He is the one lone Juror who
denlores the perversitv of the 6tub-
born eleven. I
The Oregonian would fain remind T
tho traitorous Oregon Deutsche Zel- I
tung, whose Americanism is so rervia
in this critical hour that it finds its
best and most frequent expression in
foreign language, and the Portland
Journal, the E. O. D. (every other I
day) patriot, that the most vociferous
and effective criticism of Senator Lane
from the Democratlo newspapers
of Oregon. -'
The Dallas Itemizer, Salem Jour- I
naL Medford Mall-Tribune. Pendleton
East Oregonian, Scio Tribune, Eugene
Guard and Baker Democrat find Sen-
ator- Lane's conduct inexcusable. I
The Portland Journal contrives to
be for the President on Mondays and I
Wednesdays, for Harry Lane on I
Thursdays, for the hyphenates on
Tuesdays and Fridays, and for the
Socialists and pacifists on Saturdays,
Senator Lane has destroyed him
self politically. He will never be
elected again to the Kenatorship or
any other political otnee. aji tne
Kaiser's kept horses of journalism and
all the Journal s men of a douDtJui
loyalty cannot put together again the
shattered pieces of his political career I
not all of them together. The Ore-
gonian hasn't done it. Lane has done
it. We are not even sorry for him.
FOR AMBASSADOR TO JAPAX.
If the National Administration can
be persuaded to nominate as Am
bassador to Japan an American citizen
of the distinguished qualities of Mr,
W. D. Wheelwright, of Portland, it
will have made a distinct accession I
to the diplomatic service
The Oregonian does not urge Mr
Wheelwright for any provincial or
political reason. Mr. Wheelwright Is,
we believe, an independent In politics.
We do not know whom he supported
for President last November, and we
do not care. But v.'e know that he
has an intimate knowledge of Oriental
problems, a close relationship to
trans-Pacific commerce, a clear un- I
derstandlng of our International af- 1
fairs, and a special aptitude for
diplomacy. He would be peculiarly
acceptable to the Japanese govern- I
ment, because -of his sympathetic atti
tude toward the Japanese people, and
he would do more than any other
to promote and cement a friendly un
derstandlng toward us from them and
toward them from us.
Withal, Mr. Wheelwright is a fine
American citizen, ana ne wouia De an
Ideal representative of the best Amer
ican cmzensnip among tne ja.pa.neBo.
Now. here is a chance for the Con-
gresslonal delegation at Washington
V Vu xr. Z.
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, .i . .6" - v....,n,.s
Is not at all a question of rewarding
a political favorite with an appoint
ment. It is a matter of high concern
to the state and the Nation
FOR EFFICIENCY TS FUBIJO SERVICE.
Political bosses of the country will
view wim alarm a new organization
perrecieo m new xor tor nation-
wide application in a Society for the
Promotion of Training for Public
Service. It is the product of a grow
ing belief that there is too little effi
ciency in the public service and that the
genius of a man as glad-smile artist
and handshaker, or as political manip
ulator, does not imply that ha is fit
for Important public work requiring
considerable technical knowledee and
skill. President Lowell, of Harvard,
sums the matter up In this wise:
We no longer believe In America today
that a man who has shown himself fairly
clever at something else, is thereby quali
fied to manage a railroad, a factory, or
a bank. Are we better Justified in
suming that an election by popular vote.
or an appointment by a chief magistrate.
confers, without apprenticeship, an
mediata capacity to constrvct the roads
and bridges, direct the education, manage
tne finances, purity tne water supply,
dispose of the sewage of a large city
and this when it is almost certain that the
person selected will not remain in office
long enough to learn thoroughly a business
of which he knows little or nothing at the
outset? In industrial enterprise, in business
concerns,, the use of experts of all kinds is.
indeed, constantly increasing. They have
revolutionised some industries, and are in
dispensable in many more. Nor do
merely seek for men who have gained ex
perience in practice. In one profession after
another we have learned to train them
carefully In the theory of their work, taking,
them young and educating them for It as a
distinct career. Sixty years ago, for ex
ample, there was scarcely a school of ap
plied science in the country, but now they
are everywhere, and they can hardly turn
out students fast enough to supply the de
mand. They are ever adding new depart
ments, while our universities are creating
new specialized schools, and thus adding to
the number of professions. We are train
ing men today for all services but that of
the public.
Eventually we must take this de
linquency in hand and rectify it If
our institutions are to progress and
to stand on sound foundations. Im
portant technical posts must be given
as a result of efficiency, training, fit
ness and special adantabllitv rather
than as a reward for ward-heeline
and vote-canvassing. As the matter
now stands, political expediency Is the
deciding factor in determining the oc
cupancy of minor posts. Of course, in
offices largely administrative, where
public policies are to be carried into
execution according to the wishes of
an electorate, larger considerations
than, more teckhisa. ftualiXlcatloil must
be weighed, but with that exception
purely political designations should be
relegated to the ultimate boneyard of
misguided American practices. Or-
ganized insistence on fitness for pub-
iio place will hasten that happy and
profitable day.
ncnos ix tub forties.
Magazine' editors have been active
in recent years In the ranks of those
complaining about the high cost of
living. It is their plaint that anyone
who can write anything that any pub
lisher could possibly publish wants a
kings ransom for the creatures of his
brain, while if a scribbler has a run
of saleable stories and ensnares public
fancy he Immediately demands more
money for running his typewriter than
an emperor requires for running a
monarchy-sized army. Which being
the case, hard-driven publishers must
sigh for olden days when they glance
over the collected letters of Sarah
Josepha Hale, who conducted a popu
lar magazine back in the '40s.
Among these letters is one from
Edgar Allan Poe. Not from Foe, the
literary tyro, but from Poe, the author
of "The Goldbug," "The Black Cat"
and other immortal tales. Poe. It ap
pears from the letter, had been ad.
vised that ten pages in the "Opal,"
Mrs. Hale's publication, were unfilled
She offered him 60 cents a page to fill
that space hia copy to be subject to
rejection, of course. And Poe hastened
to accept, saying that he would for
wara the manuscript in three or four
days. Furthermore, Poe submitted
that he would draft his tale to suit
the fancies, peculiarities and particu-
lar tastes and policies of the "Opal.1
Another letter from Poe reveals him
1 the light of an urgent applicant for
tne rare privilege of contributing fur-
ther, presumably at the same rate. He
uaa written "The Oblong Box" and
asked that Influence for Its accept-
anc be exerted, aa he was In need
of a little money" a common con-
dition with Poe. That there were some
literary ngnts who held out Tor a
higher rate than 50 cents a page is
indicated by a letter from James Rus-
sell .Lowell, who Bald the product of
his pen demanded a higher financial
J - ating; but that Is the only demand
for higher pay,
Inasmuch as a page wKl contain
anywhere from 800 to 600 words, the
amount of labor required of Poe in
the earning of $10 will be appreciated
It need hardly bo said that today Poe
would be asking 50 cents a word.
while Lowell might be protesting
against any such flimsy rate. But
looking at the matter from another
angle, perhaps thjj yield from a page
in tne -4us at tne "opal" rate had al
most as high a purchasing price as
tne rate from a page in the best sellers
of these modern days of exorbitant
cost of living.
Marriage of General Sarrail to
nurse is a hint to women of what they
may expect in the matrimonial com
petition of the future. Men will be
scarce and women abundant after the
war, and the woman who wants to
land a husband will have to go after
him, even to the front as a nurse, as
did Madame Sarrail. The proverb
will need revision to read, "Faint heart
ne er won brave husband."
Death is strictly non-partisan In the
House tie. He no sooner takes
member from one party than he evens
things up by taking one from the
other. This distressful state of things
is a warning to the voters to have all
would-be nominees medically exam
ined to decide that they are sound
physically before permitting their
names to go on the ballot.
A Chicago Judge finds there Is morn
real discord In families with one child
than in those that have a dozen
Naturally; the- fighting is scattered
and bitterness cannot become Intense,
as it must in the small domestic cir-
cle. Hostages to fortune are blessings
sometimes In disguise, but blessingn
just the same.
A municipality near Berlin, to
stimulate the work of repopulatlon,
I offers $12.60 for the first born and
$2.50 each for subsequents. This is
a wrong scale. The later ones ought
to receive the bigger bonus.
rrr, nastoi- of th. -h.,T--r. f n
t1 imi.riran t.hh.,
t. , -v-Mr
the Flag. All manner of unworthy
people get into the garb of the cleric.
I but not for long.
What's the use In putting into de
tentlon to make them worse lad;
under 12 who rob houses? The fear
of a second good home punishmen
might deter them from committing a
second offense.
j la a revolution am Inst Gorma n
intrigue, and the Grand Duke Michael
intense Russian, comes Into power.
The killing of Rasputin a few weeks
ago was the first step.
Thanks to Representative W. Al
Jones, dogs In some parts of the state
are subject to double -tax. . It is th
best dSs that get caught and their
owners uo m nowimg.
An educated, native-born Chinese
at La Grande is the latest victim
the tong war. Blood Is stronger than
breeding with tha Oriental as well
as tha Occidental.
The French Minister of War is too
thin-skinned for the day. He should
study the newspapers of America,
where officials fatten and thriva ou
criticism.
The A-B-C of the campajgn for
City Commissioner Is limited
Adams, Barbur and Caldwell, but wait
for tha X-T-Z's to get in.
Some of the best fellows in th
world have names that sound like
Central Europe. So, too, have somo
of the worst.
Was there ever a "better-living
menu meal that eld not leave a man
hungry a long time before the next
was served.
Warships should be sent to bring
home Americana in Europe who can
not travel because of lack of regular
boats. '
Tacoma men of 45 have different
Ideas of efficiency. They want to
form a home guard.
There have been prophets innu
merable who said the little Czarevitch
would not reign,
Canadian loyalty decrees that all
surplus wheat shall go to the home
I country.
Give Downing street credit for the
1 victory l.PetrogTAda
How to Keep Well.
By Dr. W. A. Etuu.
..rtit..nt hvrlene. sanitation
and prevention of disease, If matters of gen-
rai interest, win ha answereu in w,-
umn. where apace win not permit .
subject Is not suitable letters will be per-
nnnllv -n-.vj.T- .iihi.ff tn nrODOr HmltSfc-
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
Is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for Individual diseases. re
quests for suoh services cannot be answered.
teopyrignt. jkjb, oy jjr. w . .-
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
FINICKY BABIES MOTHERS' FAULT.
Mrs. E. H. writes: "(1) How may
constipation be overcome tn a 20-
months-old baby girl, who dislikes fruit
ulces. scraped apple, etc, ana who
from her first taking of solid food has
been particular in what she eats and
thus Is hard to feed?
"(2) It was necessary that she be
bottle fed. Although she drinks water
and broth from a cup. she refuses milk
from a cup. Should milk be discontin
ued until she will drink it or is there a
etter plan?"
The above letter has been replied to.
It is used here as a text for an article
on notional children. Here Is a child
20 months old who will not drink milk
out of a cup. who is particular about
what she eats, is hard to feed, dislikes
fruit Juices and scraped apple.
A child 0 months old Is old enough
to train in fact already Is trained in
certain measure and In a certain
sense. Barker, in his pamphlet on
children predisposed to nervousness,
says:
'Many parents make the mistake of
allowing the caprice of the child to In
fluence its diet. We now know the
foods that are suitable for children,
and, knowing these, the 'children should
be provided with them in suitable
amounts and should be required to eat
them largely Independent of choice.
"The child that learns to eat and di
gest all wholesome foods and who is
not permitted to cultivate little food
antipathies makes a good start and
avoids one of the worst pitfalls of life
with which medical men are familiar,
namely, a finical anxiety concerning
the effects of various foods, too likely
to develop into a hypochondriacal
state.'
It has been proved that the seat of
appetite lies above the neck. Hunger
Is caused by contractions of the atom
ach. Appetite is dependent on taste,
smell, memory and mental state. There
fore every Impulse concerned with ap
petite lies in the brain or gets there
quickly, and a finicky appetite is mere
ly one manifestation of a finicky mind.
When this particular manifestation of
finicklness goes uncontrolled it means
that other manifestations will develop,
If control is not exerted at this point
it will have to be manifested at some
later and more trying point, or else the
child grows up notional and self
willed.
It Is bad to be hypochondriacal, with
an introspection based on food, but to
be generally notional and self-willed is
even worse. If the mother starts at
the beginning, control is easier. But
even when the habit has been neglect
ed until it beaomes a source of annoy
ance and lnconveniece, it still Is con
trollable.
We receive a great many letters from
mothers telling us of children, even
babies, with capricious appetites. The
fault Is with the mother. The cure,
likewise, is with the mother.
We also receive many letters from
mothers who complain of another form
of caprice in babies. They will not
sleep at night. They want to sleep at
inconvenient hburB. This form of ca
price is torn from tha same cloth. The
sleeping Instinct is a baby's strongest
instinct, even outranking its Instinct
to eat. It knowi nothing of insomnia
from mental unrest or mental worry or
mental disturbance. Training the baby
to sleep at the proper hours, without
Joggling or rocking, is a matter tha
lies with the mother.
Avoid Irritations. d
E. V. J. writes: "I am a man 24 years
old. My father has had cancer of the
prostate gland. He has had It removed
but I fear it has gone too far for the
operation to be successful. His mother
also had cancer and his sister has it.
(1) Is there danger of my inheriting
It? (2) If X marry Is there danger o
my children having It? My mother i
pure blooded. I know of no othe
cancer in the family."
Reply.
1. I think you ra aomewnat more llabl
to cancer than a person with a better family
hlatory. Avoid studiously all persisting:
chronic Irritations. If a tooth cuta your lip
nave It polished or drawn. Do not smoke,
specially do not smoke a pipe. Do not
neglect any persistent stomach trouble or
persistent inflammation In any part of your
body. Do not drink hot eoffea or soup. Do
not eat hot fooda.
2. I think ao, but Miss filye has shown tha
the tendency to Inherit carcinoma Is easily
lost. If your wife has no such family ten
dency the probability la that your children
will not have aucn tendency.
Not Cause for Worry.
r. G. -P. writes: "(1) What would
epithelium, found In urine. Indicate
(2) I have had a small tender spot on
one of the lumbar vertebrae (that 1
painful when pressure Is applied, not
otherwise) ,for four or five months. (8
Is it liable to grow worse? (4) Is
dangerous?
Reply.
1. Nothing. It Is as natural for the urinary
tract to abed its wornout cells as It Is for
the skin to do so.
2, 8, 4. If the tenderness Is slight and no
other symptoms are present, disregard It.
Food for Baby.
Mrs. J. C A. writes: "What should a
baby be fed on taken from the breast
at four months old and how often?
Kept?
Ton do not rive the weight of your baby;
therefore the following figures can be only
approximately right. Assuming that the
baby weighs IS pounds milk, ZL ounces;
water, ft ounces; malt food or malt sugar,
1 ounce. Mix to make a day's supply. Feed
at Intervals of three and one-half hours dur
ing the day and until bedtime. In addition
give some fruit Juloe and warm water. Tha
above routine U to be reached after two
weeks of progress. Begin weaning the baby
by giving one milk feeding a day, using
the breast as the main food supply. Then
give two bottle feedings. A few days later
make it three. When you begin tha bottle
tart with a formula oae-half aa rich as the
above. Increase the strength day by day
until the above formula la reached at the
end of two weeks. Do not wean the baby
unless you are certain it la necessary.
Pegging Run In Crlbbage.
PORTLAND, March 14. (To the Ed
itor.) In pegging hand of crlbbage, R
plays 3. M , R 8. M 7. R 4, M S. Here
M claims a run of three. Continuing,
R plays 6 and claims run of six.' Which
is correct? - F. E. R.
R. has run of six. M. has no run.
Pjfci Pf. ft completes, the chain.
The
VETERAN IS PHOI D OF COMRADES
Patrtotio Stand ef Grand Array Posts
Warmly Commended.
SAN FRANCISCO, March 12. (To the
Editor.) Having been a member of
Lincoln-Garfield Post. No. 3. of your
city, I was greatly pleased to read. In
The Oregonian of March 8. the patriotic
stand taken by the eight G. A. R. posts
of Portland, as well as several others
in the outlying towns. This is only as
it should be, and the spirit that Im
pelled the "old boys" to go to the front
during 1861-65 blazes out again in this
period of our common country's dan
ger. It evidences the fact that "the boys
in blue" are patriots Instead of par
tisans and. too. this is only meet and
Just. Inasmuch as the loyal Democrats
rallied around our revered Republican
xresiaent during our Civil War ordeal,
should not loyal Republicans help to
old up our Democratic President's
nanas in nis etlorts to maintain our
lvil and commercial rights and safe
guard the lives and properties of our
citizens, and besides crush an auto
cratic militaristic power that threatens
to dominate the entire world and rob
the bulk of its people of their personal
privileges and rights, assured to them
Dy tne Magna Charta, the several bills
r rights and all democratic constltu
tions?
We loyal people of California are
ustly proud of the fearless and noble
tand that The Oregonian has taken.
in Is is no time for cavillinar and car
rylng water on both shoulders: it is.
on the contrary, the time to "nail our
colors to the mast" and show the world
that Americans are not to be trodden
upon and spurned with impunity.
S. T. ADAMS.
TOGA DOES NOT MAKE STATESMAN
President IUarht In Seefclns; Consul
From Competent Legal Advisers.
VANCOUVER, Wash.. March 12. (To
the Editor.) in an attempt to defend
nimseir, our Mr. Jones, alluding to
the President, makes the following
statement: "I think he has made mis
takes in the past that he would not
have made if he had counselled fully
With the" Senate or with the Senators
of his own party."
This thought would be apt were
Senators chosen because of special fit
ness for office. They are not so
chosen. They are chosen because of
being popular figures in their respec
tive states.
This being the case, tha President
would gain as valuable advice regard
ing international entanglements by
consulting any dozen average citizens
as by consulting the Immortal dozen.
A toga does not constitute a states
man any more than buttons and belts
do a soldier.
In this matter it is safe to believe
that the President is advised by legal
authorities fully as illustrious as Jones
of Washington, or Lane of Oregon. If
these gentlemen are possessed of the
degree of transcendent knowingneas
which they so modestly ascribe to
themselves then they are but "wasting
their fragrance on the desert air.
Men of such caliber should not be ex
pected to sacrifice their talents in lieu
of such inconsiderable compensation as
United States Benators receive.
J. HAROLD.
HYSTERT.
Will you for a moment ponder, as do J,
That when we die.
In the damrj. cold earth we find a
trrave.
Or in the ocean's depths a wave-washed
cave: '
Or if some monster of the deep
Should drag us to his den, what then?
Maybe that in ashes on waves we're
cast.
Or blown by winds through spaces
vast.
Hast not the spirit been called forth
To dwell in Paradise?
It is a mystery I cannot understand;
'Tis said of man, "Dust thou art
And unto dust thou shalt return."
Why, then, the gathering of this dust of
timer
Will it enhance the glory of that heav
enly clime?
Find me an answer of satisfying worth
To that which says "the graves shall
be onened
And the dead come forth."
For I would gladly put these thoughts
Far, far away, that so disturb
And live and labor at my very nest
For the master day by day.
MRS. N. S. KEASET.
Where Belgian Relief Cornea From.
ILWACO, Wash., March IS. (To the
Editor.) I thought America was the
country helping the Belgian relief
fund most, and was surprised to see
a report In The Oregonian that we
suDDlied only 4 per cent. Can you
tell me where they get tne remaining
96 per cent? DISTANT READER.
The British and French -governments
are the principal contributors. In ad
dition. there have been large subsorip
tions by private citizens in both coun
tries, and the people of the British
overseas dominions have contributed
generously. Many formerly wealthy
Belgians, including women and men
too old to fight, who have taken refuge
in England and France, have added to
the sum. Some of these are said to
have impoverished themselves for the
relief of their unfortunate countrymen.
Range-Finding by Submarines.
PORTLAND. Or., March 14. (To the
Editor.) An article has appeared in
the newspapers with reference to an
instrument used on submarines to de
tect the location of vessels by sound.
Kindly advise whether such an in
strument is being used successfully to
the extent of determining the location
course and speed of a vessel with such
a degree .of accuracy that the vessel
could be fired on ana sunk oy
torpedo discharged by a submarine, the
men on board of the submarine not
having visible range. J. W. ROUNDS.
If any such device has been perfected
it remains a war secret. It is generally
supposed that a submarine must em
ploy its periscope to take accurate aim.
although it is possible for it to dls
charge a torpedo at random without
rising to the surface.
Rights of Ships Armed for Defense,
CAR ROLLS, Wash., March 13. (To
the Editor.) R contends that, accord
ing to international law, British or
French merchant ahlps armed for the
purpose of their own defense are not
permitted to enter United States or
other neutral ports except under the
same restrictions as a belligerent war
vessel and must leave port within a
limited length of time. N contends
that International law permits mer
chant vessels to mount guns for defense
and may enter and depart neutral ports
under the Eame conditions as unarmed
merchant ships. Which is right?
S. N.
Ships armed "for defense only" are
permitted to enter and leave neutral
ports under the same conditions as un
armed merchant ships.
Location of Street Number.
TIGARD, Or., March 12. (To the Ed
itor) Is there such a number as 6211
East Forty-second street Southeast?
It so, how best to reach it? What valu
ation is placed on corner lot 100x100 at
that street number?
OLD SUBSCRIBER.
Tes; take Mount Scott car, get off at
Fifty-second street Southeast, walk
five blocks south. See assessment rolls
at County Courthouse or consult sec
retary cf Portland Realty Board,
In Other Days.
BLalf m Century Ago.
From The Oregonian. March 18, 183T.
Washington Williams of Oregon In
troduced a Joint resolution to cancel
the postoffice contract for carrying the
mails from Portland, Or., to Lincoln.
Cal., held by Senator Corbett. He ex
plained that Corbett took the contract
before his election and now desired to
relinquish it. under the law prohibit
ing Senators from holding contracts.
The resolution was adopted.
The Aztec children, who were ex-
hiblted in New Tork a few years ago.
were married in London recently under
the direction of their 'manager Mr,
Morris.
At the store of Mr. Shanahan, on
First street, a day or two ago, wo
noticed . a specimen of worsted em
broidery worked by Miss Kate Hayes,
of this city, which for finish and beauty
quite eclipses any of the prize pieces
we remember to have seen at the state
fairs.
The watch stolen from Jerry Drlscoll.
on board the Alert, was found last
night where the thief had probably
placed it. The chain was missing.
Jacob Koenlg. while running with Nov
IS engine to the scene of the second fire
alarm Saturday, fell and was run over
by the engine, sustaining a broken
right arm and severe body bruises.
Twenty-live Years Ago.
From The Oregonian March 10. 1893.
Paris President Carnot has signed,
the commercial reciprocity convention
with the United States. In return for
minimum duties on certain fruits, tim
ber and wood products, the United,
States will place hides, sugar and mo
lasses Imported from France and her
colonies on the free list.
Monte Carlo During a quarrel In the
gambling saloon here recently Lady
Randolph Churchill lost a large sum of
money, when her pockets were picked
during the excitement,
Lawrence Sullivan and Miss Mabel
Hours were married Monday by A. F.
Toussalnt. The ceremony took place at
the Columbia Hotel.
Mrs. L. B. Logan and Mrs. S. B. Crow,
of Astoria, are at the St. Charles.
Stuart Robson will appear at the
Marquam Grand soon in "Is Marriage
a Failure?" or, as its modern title is,
"Married Life." Thirty' years ago Mr.
Robson appeared in the same play
with E. L. Davenport, father of the
famous Fanny Davenport: W. R. Blake,
Lawrence Barrett, J. K. Mortimer, John
McCullough, Mrs. Charles Mathews.
Mrs. Vernon and Matilda Heron. Mr.
Robson is the only one now living of
the famous cast.
Probably there never met in Portland
a choir as strong as that which, Mr.
Greenwood conducts nightly at the
tabernacle where Evangelist B. Fay,
Mills is preaching.
Andrew Carnegie, the Pennsylvania
Iron king, and his party spent a few
hours in Portland yesterday on their
return from a trip to Puget Sound.
PRECEDENT SET l'OH DISLOYALTY
Old-Timer Recalls Stand of Senator
Lnne'a Grandfather Long Ago.
WAITSBURG, Wash.. March 14. (To
the Editor.) I surely do indorse your
stand on the side of loyalty and pre
paredness. I note in particular an ar
ticle by "Reader" on "Lane's Disloyalty
Inherited." Yes, I remember, when but
boy. when this man's grandfather
was In Congress, that on the floor of
Congress he said, "Uive me SOO stand
of arms and I will see that Oregon
goes in as a slave state,' and later on
his statement that Lincoln and tne
black Republicans would walk over his
dead body before they should keep
the states in the Union against their
will. He came home to hia farm near
Roseburg. That was only about six
mlies from my old home. I know that
at that time it only needed a match
to light the fires of civil war In that
sparsely settled country. I recall the
threats of his followers to lynch promi
nent Union men. but none of his gang
had the grit to show up.
The patriotic people of Old Oregon
surely will let him know that he la
down and out, politically, after the
stand he has taken, by tying the hands
of the President at the time when every
true American - should give him sup
port. I am a Republican, but at such
time as this I am for backing Wilson
to the last. We have a man from
Washington of the same caliber. I
hope the awakening of the loyal peo
ple of our country will serve as a boy
cott to all such who are not worthy of
being sent as representatives of a
loyal people, such as are susceptible of
being impressed by those loud-mouthed
pacifists and Socialists, with their dis
loyal views. Every one should back
the President In his efforts to defend
our rights to travel on the high seas as
we please.
American people almost to a unit are
standing back of the President. A ma
jority of the men in Congress were
with htm, but a few blocked their ef
forts, all on account of an old rule of
the Senate that gave one man a right
to talk as long as he chose.
. I am proud of the action of the old
Grand Army men of Oregon In backing
Wilson as they did Lincoln. There are
thousands of others Just as ready. As
one Civil War veteran said a few days
ago, we can't go on scouting trips, on
hard marches, as long ago, but we can
guard bridges and tunnels and such
wqrk while the younger men are doing
the rough work. H. V. GRUBBB.
Censoring Diplomat Letters.
BAKER. Or., March 14. (To the Edi
tor.) Would it not be possible to
enact such laws as would render it
practicably impossible for any foreign
Minister or Ambassador, representing
his country at Washington or any
where in the United States from re
ceiving mall matter, cablegrams, etc.,
without having them passed on by a
United States censor? Such an ar
rangement, it seems to the writer,
would eliminate similar circumstances
to the Zlmmermann note to the Ger
man Ambassador. W. C. STRONG.
An Invariable rule of diplomatic re
lations is that the correspondence of
an Ambassador shall be free from
censorship. If the United States were
to attempt to censor It, the country
concerned would break off diplomatic
relations and might regard the act aa
cause for war.
The Zlmmermann note was not ad
dressed to the German Ambassador to
the United States, but to the German
Ambassador to Mexico, although it
may have been sent to Count von Bern
storff to be forwarded to Mexico.
Preamble to Declaration.
UMATILLA. Or., March 13. (To the
Editor.) What and where is the pre
amble of the Declaration of Independ
ence? This was a question given on an
eighth-grade examination.
IDA POWELL.
A preamble Is, generally speaking, an
introductory explanation. The preamble
of the Declaration of Independence is
that portion setting forth the reason
for Its making. It begins, "When in
the course of human events," etc.. enu
merates the grievances of the colonies
at length, aud leads up to the Declaraya
Uoa It elf.
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