Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, January 31, 1917, Image 10

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Morning Oregonian., January 31, 1917, Page 10, Image 10

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Newspaper Page Text10 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1917. FORTIAND, OREGOS. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postoffice &a second-class mail matter. 6ubscriptiou rates Invariably in advance: (By Mail.) Daily, Sunday included, one year .... ..$8.00 Daily, Sunday included, six months ..... 4.25 Daily, Sunday included, three month 2.25 Daily, Sunday Included, one month . . . . .75 Dally, without Sunday, one year ........ 6.00 Daily, without Sunday, three months ... 1.75 Dally, without Sunday, one month ..... .60 Weekly, one year ..'...........-... 1-50 Sunday, one year 2.50 Eunday and Weekly ....3.50 (By Carrier.) Dally. Sunday included, one year 9-00 Dally, Sunday included, one month - .75 How to Item it Send, postoffice money order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency re at sender's risk. Olive postofflce ad dress In full, including county and state. Postage Rates 12 to 16 pages, 1 cent! 18 to 32 pages. 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, cents; 50 to 60 pages, 4 cents; 62 to 7 pages, S cents; 78 to 82 pages, 6 cents. Foreign postage donble rates. Eastern Business Office Veree Conk lln. Brunswick building. New York: Verree A Conklin, Steger building, Chicago: Ban Francisco representative. It. J. Bldwell, 742 Market street. POBTLAM), WEDNESDAY, JAN. SI, 1917. ZEBO MUTCH. Another interesting conflict between ' science and popular opinion concerns J the influence of woman's vote in the r' recent Presidential election. Popular ! opinion holds that the women elected Mr. Wilson. Science says they did not. Science is here Introduced on the authority of Professor W. F. Ogburn, of Reed College. Professor Ogburn has produced in the Oregon Voter the results of . a cold, mathematical cal-'- culation. He has applied a coefficient of correlation to the problem, worked out partial coefficient correlations by , eliminating certain variables and dls " turbing elements. We trust the ex- j planation is clear. It certainly has a , scientific sound. Anyway, the result obtained is that there was not much difference between the votes of men and women of Portland, but the small difference that there was showed the women more in favor of Hughes. This problem In mathematics, it will be discovered, did not go deeply enough into the women's -ote to ln dicate its Influence on the great result. But it is remarkable In that its re sults coincide with those obtained by another mathematician who consid ered all states where women vote and adopted a computation not half so scientific. This figurer, J. S. Eichelberger, writes In the New York Times. He takes Illinois as a base line. There, incidentally, the voting system enables one to determine just how many wom en voted and how they voted. That is possible in no other state, but the fact did not bother Professor Ogburn a minute in figuring on Portland. Hav ing obtained the Illinois ratio, Mr. Eichelberger assumes that women voted the same way and in the same numbers in other states. His con clusion, supported by a long table of figures, is that woman suffrage is duplicate suffrage. That is, the women vote just about as the men do. Before expressing an opinion on the value of mathematical methods of set tling an absorbing question, we shall pass for purposes of illustration to the comment contained in one paragraph of the Times article. The paragraph follows: Glancing at the table wa find some Inter esting -facts. For instance, male-suffrage Delaware, with only tid.000 men, casts more votes than woman-suffrage Wyoming, with 67.000 men and 30,000 women! If the men of Wyoming vote as well as the men of Delaware, woman suffrage has become auto matically repealed In the oldest state that has it! It is marvelous logic. Wyoming ia forty-nine times the size of Delaware. One could put the little Eastern state in Laramie County alone and have difficulty in finding it. In Delaware the voter has only to go around the corner to vote. In Wyoming he or she may have to take a day's journey, Applying mathematics to this condi tion, we should say that the Wyoming voter travels forty-nine times as far as the Delaware voter in order to reach the polls. And Mr. Eichelberger considers equal suffrage practically re pealed In Wyoming because the people Ho not turn out on election day as well as they do in crowded Delaware! But we are on the side of popular opinion and opposed to science as con cerns this great problem. The reason - is simple enough. The effect of equal suffrage Is not told solely by the way women vote but by the way both men end women vote in suffrage states. With acquirement of new political ob ligations woman is taking a new and keener Interest in politics. She has made up her mind where once she did not have good reason for forming an . opinion. Woman's influence over man : when she has an opinion Is not to be denied.. In every household where the wife is the dominating member woman suffrage has an ultimate ef feet upon the votes of the males. ! We shall not now express an opinion ns to whether women quite generally rule the household. One should be sure of his ground and one is likely to have his ideas on such a subject warped by consciousness of subjuga tion or on the other hand by a feel- , Jng of dominance not conceded to one' ; fellows. At home we are of course I the boss, but as for other married men i we have heard disquieting rumors that their coefficient is about zero minus. ; The mathematical process for de termining woman's influence is there fore not complete until the coefficients and correlations and variables of this phase of the matter are worked out by elaborate process. DRY CANADA. Tt is not realized by the average ob server of the trend of events that th prohibition wave in British North America in the past'year has swept over almost the entire country. The most important acquisition of all to the dry columns is the entire island of New Foundland, which excluded liquor from the beginning of the present year. New Foundland always had been regarded as the stronghold o tne conservative element in legislation: Now it is among the most arid regions ln North America. With both Canada 1 and New Foundland on the water wagon, the dry map of our continent is an. imposing affair. For areas are immense north of the line and the map shows broad expanses of liquor less territory extending almost to tbe North Pole. Even in Quebec a modified form of prohibition has been adopted. Sas katchewan had led the way by abol ishing tho barroom and had turned the, wholesale liquor business over to the government, but last year the people voted these dispensaries out of business overwhelmingly. Mani toba was strongly positive, when it came to a vote, that it could get along without liquor, and it is worthy of note that having so resolved the people did not long temporize with the Demon Rum. They voted ln March and liquor went out of business the J them France and Great Britain pro- I reasonable number of church, denoml following June. Little time was given I vide $7,000,000 a month and those Bel- I nations. " It to "put Its house In order.- The result of the vote in British Columbia, our nearest neighbor, is more or less well known to the people of the Pa- j cific Coast. The province went dry by what seemed to be a safe majority last Fall, but the soldiers in the trenches were permitted to vote, and while that vote was uncounted there txraa o :lio-i rfnnM o o n 4V m,tnnrn I This doubt has lately been resolved In 1 Uv,uu I favor of prohibition. The majority in the trenches was also against the I liquor traffic. Of even greater import is the plan to supplement local with Federal leg islation. It is seriously proposed to prohibit importation of liquor in any form, and to forbid its transmission from one province to another. As in the case of the Webto-Kenyon law in the United States, this will have the effect of greatly strengthening local measures. If this is adopted it will be enforced as a war measifre and I mere pronaDly will be a referendum on the subject of its continuance after peace comes. So, also, there will be referendum in Ontario on the sub- ject of reintroducing the traffic in 919. But the dry forces are clearly I encouraged by recent events and pre-1 diet no setDacks as a result of future I elections. I fVW TOTE aim wmmr AGAIN If the Pershing expedition was not I to go ahead, the only sane policy to auopt was 10 come oacK rrom Mexico. The soldiers were doing no good there. uecauBe tney were not permitted to do anytnmg. They were to go south until tney were resisted; then, after more impotent and fruitless watchful I waiting, they were ordered to come north. wuuiu. do a reai service to a I viii. uij u ueea oi consolation tor i VZ ' "T .,, ,muuu' lu learn that the military invasion of AleXlCO has T-ll 1 1 o,l in cmotliinw somehow beneficial. But they do not even defend watchful waiting any more; merely practice It, and let the American people foot the bills. we aid not get Villa. We did not piacate carranza. We did not revive American prestige in Mexico. We did I not restore order. We did not avenge I Carrizal and Santa Tsabel. We mere- iy tftui, iou,uuu,uuu or good Amen- I can money, sent the army on a wild- I goose cnase and withdrew more than j.uu,uuu American citizens as Uuards- men irom their regular and lucrative employments for seven months In futile fooling with a great problem. THE SQUEALER. The great project of the Portland Journal to show that all the newspa pers of Oregon are grafters has found partial response in the action of the State Senate in passing the bill which suspends newspaper publication of de linquent taxes In Multnomah County and substitutes postcards. xne journal may enloy Its own despicable role of informer, for It has been a beneficiary of the so-called graft In Multnomah County since 1911. when the practice of employing four daily newspapers was, as we recall, Inaugurated. But the public will esti- mate at Its own value the professions I "."J,0 .ndlvldu.al. ,or newspaper whlch turns state's evidence. The squealer usually "peaches" merely to save himself; in this case the Journal has acted chiefly out of spltefulness for others. The question should be considered on its merits. The law requires the a. jist in wuraoma to oe primea in newspapers naving greater tnan 10.- 000 circulation. The County Commis- - uu" """ auviuB, 'b- ble newspapers. Thus four daily -pa- pers were necessarily named. Cer- "y . j.c y.. uicu. wo.o rrairamion ror tne selection or tne tnree others. " a" "Sea 113 "g- 11Iqi m m a fft vol a fT si n n n a sv j-"a Duivouicui. . . ""- is a falsehood. But unquestionably the plan to ad vertise in four papers is needless waste. The law should be changed. The policy of newspaper publication should by all means be retained. It is the right method Publicity of tex- list delinquencies is desirable from the public's standpoint and is a protection to the owner. T Ma .1.. I -v ti .njr a.-. collections and it prevents loss in large number of instances to the in dividual. The postcard in hundreds of cases is no notice at all, for obvious reasons. It is a mistake, and we believe it is unconstitutional, to provide one meth od of tax collection for delinquencies in Multnomah and another in the state at large. The law should be uniform. It must be uniform, if the strict re- quirement of the state constitution Is to De ODserved. Meanwhile, it may be assumed that tne next idiotic stunt or the Portland Journal, in its rapid descent from par tial to complete lunacy, will be to ad vise the advertising public that the columns of a newspaper are a poor mWi,m n .-oe.!, I o,- K,. that the only true way is by circulars and nostr-arHs Ihrnnph th moils .... sae this BtmiAs cHUjiBEs. In Belgium there are 1, 250,000 children who are dependent on the oouniy oi tne world ior tne iooa i magn, visitea oy xne utaaaian I a n needed to keep them alive. The Relief gers. The plan of the Pope for further Commission is able to provide only enough to keep body and soul to- gether in an adult, which Is not enough for a growing child. It is less food than is provided either for Brit- ish prisoners in Germany or for Ger- man prisoners in Britain, and is about two-thirds of the ration supplied ln British poorhouses. It consists of a bunk of bread and a bowl of- broth each day. For the children It means slow starvation. The Relief Commission desires to give each child an extra ration of a biscuit made with lard or rat and a cup of cocoa each day. This will suf fice to arrest degeneration and to check tuberculosis, rickets and other diseases which are developing rapidly in consequence of under-nourishment. For $1 a month this ration can be pro- vided for one child for a year. The appeal to America to furnish this mnnv rnmda ffrtm T-TThi-f 1 1 T f nM-r ,-t.o f tj lief in Belgium: from the Pone and . from American physicians who have examined the children. This appeal is made on behalf of the most distressed nation on earth to the wealthiest Nation on earth. Though much has been said of the generosity of America In relieving Bel- gium. this country in two and a half years has contributed less than 19, - 000,000 of a total of over $200,000,000. The Commission is composed almost entirely of Americans, its work is done under the American flag and the Amer- lean flag and the American Nation are given the credit by the Belgians, but in fact the great bulk of the fund comes from Belgium a allies. Between grians who have means are doing their I utmost. The war has heaped abun- I dance on the American people, while I it nas reduced .Belgium to tne verge I of starvation. I It is up to the American people to give out of their abundance for the preservation of the Belgian people, They should earn the right to have I n-t. i i. following from a boy of 10. which is " iu lucui duvu icucia aa urn I a sample of hundreds of thousands which the Commission has received I from Belgian children: Dear Americans It is war here. TVs have known hunger and need. We have I been fugitives. But. thank Ood. Amer-1 ica has helped us out of need by sending us clothing, beans, bacon and bread. Ws thank America and ths Americans also' and every day wa pray our Father for brave America. , ALFONs JANBSEN3. The Rocky Mountain Club of New I York has shown what the rich can do by postponing the erection of a new clubhouse and devoting its funds I to tseiglan relief. The Literary uigest affords everybody an opportunity to help by receiving contributions And sending them to the Commission. It will receive any sum, and will ac-1 knowledge all sums of $12 or more In 1 its columns. No - deduction will be I maae lor expenses; every cent win go to feed the Belgian children. The Di gest has started -by giving $6000 "'""Si i vo o uinureu. ah lia-y dressed : IUCU la &UUUIU US lUiAU O t. 1 1 LI 1 L LL'I M LU- Belglan Children's Fund, Literary Digest. 354-360 Fourth ave- Lnue, JNew xork. The Belgian children must be saved, wnat will you do 7 I I Tm. VFW nnnnRATinv munv 11 a11 tho- Senators and Representa- tives who voted for the immigration I diii snouia vote to override tne r-resi- i dent's veto, it will surely become law. None are likely to have changed their ti I vecso themselves or absent themselves from the rollcall in order to curry favor with the President, but the mar- gin on passage of the bill was wide enoucrh to makn their action of no effect- The literacy test to which the Presl- dent oblects is so easv that anv person I of very limited education and intelli- I gence could pass it. It is. not tapply to refugees from political or religious persecution, therefore would exclude only the extremely ignorant among those who come to this country solelv to improve their lot. Opposition to it is due only to the fact that it is "the first step in selection of immigrants from the world at large. We have al- ready applied that principle by exclud- ing coolies who come from China and other parts of the Orient. The bill aims to apply it to illiterate people I from other countries. I Tho present controversy is between I the principle of the open door, which I the United States has hitherto prac- ticed, and the principle of selection. wnicii is practiced far more rigidly by Canada. The door has been left open because we had vast unoccupied areas to settle and because, until the last quarter of a century, immigrants came almost entirely from those coun tries of Northern and Western Europe v.ix, j a high ratio of literacy &nd Institutions so closely akin to our own that their people were quickly I Americanized. That was . proved by the large numbers of citizens of Ger-1 man, Irish, English, Scotch and Scan- dinavlan birth who fought for the Union In the Civil War. The door was I left onen also for sentimental reasons, that the United States might be a haven of refuge for the oppressed aftd the poor of all nations. in the last quarter or a century the cnaracter oi immigration nas cnanged. Few people come from the former sources, and the ereat maioritv come from Southern and Eastern Europe &nd Western Asia. They are mainly illiterate, nave a low standard or living and are so alien to us in race and in- . I stitutions tuat tnev oo not assimilate, i tor mere is no aesire mat tney uo so, on their part or on that cf the existing population. They have had little or no, experience of democratic institu tions, and they quickly adopt extreme views to which the mass of Americans are opposed Their sympathies are With the national ambitions of their mother countries, many are enrolled in the armies of those countries, and . . . ... auriner tne oresent series oi wara nun- . tnsnnnd. of them hv re- turned to fight ln causes which do not concern the United States. The effect of the literacy test wouici oe to exciuae tne iiiot unde sirable of these undesirable elements. The door would remain open to those people from Southern Europe and Western Asia who have the rudiments of education, to those who fled from persecution even though they were 11 literate, and to the educated, democra- tlol nennln of Northwestern Furon. It is a small beginning at the process of selection.- GOOD OUT OF EVIL. Recent events in the world have liaA 9 tonHancv to rnnfiirn thn nrnnhpts who predicted that absolutely nothing I v.. .i i ,o- I 11 L. C U V. UU'U k- J U-.VJ M. V " . - . , .. , , Dl uie uiaai rcveub ui uiic uu.yiisiiiii&a has been the friendly mingling of the green and the orange colors in those I Irish cities, such as Belfast and Ar- promotion for church unity, while not an outgrowth of war conditions in themselves, doubtless owes much to the present situation for the cordial I reception that has been accorded to it. During, and in spite of. the contin- I uance of the conflict, numerous other I movements for consolidation of sects have gained much headway. A good many other barriers are being swept away. It would not be surprising if the clerical issue in France and per haps the agrarian question in Russia were settled as part of the general scheme of "after-war reform'. Great Britain may never return to the old system that permitted the existence of I empty lands and overcrowded slums 1 within a few miles of one another, 1 Optimists look forward confidently to I reforms ln the direction' of social Jus- tice directly traceable if not to the I physical effects of war at least to the Ict-jt. r f mind r-ro-i n i .- it nrtt f i , r h.mr. Lnts but amone neutrals as well. 1 Tt is not promised, nor is it desirable I or necessary, that the whole world shall now or hereafter be united into la single religious denomination. It is I more Important that people should I cease to be divided by trivialities of I polity, the minutiae of administration or the hair-splittings of academic the- lology. These issues aside, which ought 1 never to divide a Christian, nor even I a pagan, people, there would be few, 1 if any, obstacles to complete friend ship and co-operation between the ex- is ting sects. Worthy emulation is not I a thing to be discouraged. It has its 1 place In the scheme of the universe. 1 There la mora good than harm In The essential Improvement to be striven for is not so much in their ad- mlnistrative amalgamation as In their attitude, one toward tne otnerv so i that, whether or not there ever shall be an actual union of the Roman and the so-called Greek Catholic churches. it is important that there has been recognized in advance the desirability I i. . .AMtoninl, I ui "iii5 at uuuc, oi.o I as will avoid the evils of religious In- tolerance. The same is true of the proposal to reopen the question of the relationship between the Roman Cath olic and the Anglican churches. With the technical problems involved, a large proportion of the religiously neu tral world will not be persuaded to concern Itself deeply, but the fact that the Issues have been raised is of mo mentous Interest. It Is a hopeful sign. for examnle. that the official organ of the orthodox- church In Russia has urged the hierarchy of that church to co-operate in -the plan for a world conference, and that the general Idea in other countries, including the United States, has received a sym. pathetic welcome, it has not always been so. Human nature has been perverse. Commonly the great crises that should have bound people . more closely together have sundered the ties that previously I bound them. Widespread famines de velop wolfishness, rather han the spirit of co-operation that would tide them over: "hard times" have ever been tho snP-ial occasions for the spread of know-nothing movements and their equivalents. But the present war has by Its very, vastness over turned one precedent after- another. It would not be altogether surprising, therefore, if after neace la restored t ,. Bll..1(1 fea -enuine revival of , i(t r hrnthcrhnrwi tiimnrtmit I th wnriri i it is natural, when one studies tne situation, that the farmers of the country should now be buying, half the automobiles that are on the mar ket. Aside from the fact that the farmer has had a year of exceptional prosperity and that the distances he travels make some vehicle an eco nomic necessity, he is in a better posi tion to keep an auto at a minimum ex- rinnan tlinn 1 thn r-itv man. In the first place, he is likely to be something I of a machinist and will do a good deal of his own repair work, being forced by his distance from town to rely on his own resources. Then he is likelv to have a barn or a shed alreadv built, and will be nut to no expense for the building or rent of a garage. Almost every time he goes anywhere he saves time that is an asset in his business. If he is wise, possession of the auto enables him to reduce the number of. his horses sufficiently to pay for the gasoline he consumes. The city man has no such offsets, and unless he uses the auto in his business he must figure on a clear added expense. The Chicago revelations of con splracy between manufacturers and labor, union officials give a hint of the consequences, if labor unions had been exempt from prosecution under the anti-trust laws. Grafting officials would have been free to destroy the unions, or at least to defeat their pur- pose, by perverting them to vicious ends. All hope of reconciliation between Americans and Mexicans died when the quarantine officers tried to com- nAi M.,n,n -nrnman -r tulra n HntVi a th,. int.n. i-v f other nations' feelings. The only thing f0r the United States to do In order to conciliate our touchy neighbors is to get off the earth. Proposed appropriations for Army, Navy and coast defense aggregate more than $762,000,000. or more than three times the annual expenditures on National defense before the war. iw& are certainlv soendins: enough to k ,.-h .f.n r ,nt i. tiDg the worth of our money. Costa Rica is entitled to some re ward from the Nobel peace fund for putting a revolution through without hlnnrished. Those Costa Ricans who deUgnt ln a Bhindy will bemoan the ios8eof a flno opportunity 1 nany inn" ij j T-r rr-1 n nl J I . . -, . v. i .Df Ior.e "T """" pxri-,ripnt.e and was clad to trtve him back to Pennsylvania, but must H lt ,. Railroading on the old "main line' was always strenuous work ln cold weather, and it developed a high class of men who have gone to other lines competent to handle any situation. Neighborhood clubs may consider themselves educational and subject to exemption from taxation, but If the Assessor holds them primarily to be i social he will not be far off. Poultney Bigelow considers Ameri- I Can Consular Service a joke and When oun 'um" " """"" , , Z I "Ienta I JUK-O ia u-SJl'o.ioi.1.. . state Falr Board realizes that oree-on is a woman state and did well m nutting Mrs. Braden in charge of a larjre section of the next show. The "famine" ln Russia' probably is the usual destitution in the big cities incidental to Winter. Russia grows al most everything and plenty of it- News of illness of Rodin, the French I sculptor, was wrong. He was getting married, which at his age of 76 is merely a symptom. All convicts are not able physically to do the Work of What about them? left in idleness? Are they to be -Iowa, which has fooled with prohi bition for a generation, will have op portunity to vote on the real thing. Rou mania has moved Its capital into Russia and after the war she may find herself belonging there. I Frankfurters of horse meat are sell MnS in New York and Protoabiy are ) J , , . . , n trrrA a a tha r.u aMiila I 1 - " " Jawson's romance has certainly caused deep perturbation among deal- era in fact. Anything In Chicago that baa not the smell of graft is unworthy of note, The German raider would be appro- priately named the Chameleon. Never mind this weather. The day of the groundhog approaches, I . Carving new counties ln Idaho a! as easy as cutting up a, hen, How to Keep Well. Br Dr. W. A. Kvmaa. Questions Txirttnent te hvrlene. sanitation and prevention of disease, if matters of gen eral interest, will L,t answered in mis col umn. Where space will not permit or the subject is not suitable letters will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions and where stamped addressed envelope is inclosed. Dr. Evans win not make diagnosis or prescribe for individual diseases. k- quests for such services cannot be answered (CoDriht. 11 bv TM- W. A Evans. Published by arrangement with the Chicago J18T A COLD. Every cold is the result of an acute infection of the air passages. The bac teria may be In the nose or some cav ity opening Into the nose, in the throat, in the chest or In the blood, aa well as In the air passages. Whenever there is fever some of the bacteria are In the blood stream. This Is one group of reason why colds are not a trifling matter. There are several bacteria any one of which may be the cause of the cold. Art important one of these Is the pneumo coccus, the bacterium which causes pneumonia. When this organism gets into the blood It may cause pneumonia. rheumatism or any one of several other diseases. There is nothing new about this Information except the scientific basis for it That heavy colds some times "ran into" pneumonia, rheuma tisra and other diseases has long been commonly known. And then there is a thlrd reason why colda are not a simple matter. In Irv lng Fisher's study of the cost of pre ventable illness it was shown that colds are a sources of economics loss running Into many millions of dollars. This morning there Is not an office but is . j.j . ..- i. . - v., v.. 1. occupied for the same reason. The ag- gre grate of this loss is greater than the aggregate loss from floods. What can be done to prevent infee tions? Colds are caught. They are caught from persona I have In mind a nearby office through which colds have walked from end to end. Starting with an empHoye. the affection has slo-vCly gone through the office force, employ ers and employes alike. Keep away from persons with colda Careful research has shown that chilling the body makes infection with colda possible. There is a bacillus which is a frequent cause of colds in rabbita Into the noses of one set of rabbits this bacillus was thrown without much ef feet. When another set of rabbits was wet and chilled and the , bacilli, were thrown Into their noses many of them developed colda ' Warm dry sooks prevent colds. But as much of a cause of colds as are chilling and wetting, they are not to be compared with overheating. To prevent colds keep out of badly ven tilated rooms. Rather than stand In badly ventilated room get out on the porch. Dusty air causes colds. Avoid It. Overeating is a fruitful source of colds. Drinking whisky is another. part of - a katzen Jammer is a cold usually mild, sometimes severe, occa sionally attaining the form bf pneumo nia. . Colds can be prevented by a dally cold bath. A cold neck and shoulder bath is fairly effective. Keep the body warm and dry. Keep out of hot places. Keep out of foul air. Live temperately. Avoid persons who have colds. Probably Not Consumption. Consumptive writes: "I want to ask yon If you can't say something for the poor consumptives to keep people from being so afraid of them. I am one o them and feel deeply the way person avoid me and never come to see me. have had consumption 12 years and have fever and cough every morning. don't cough at all at night. I have been examined several times, but no germs were found ln my eputum. I am growing weaker. Xo one uses any thing in my room and I burn all the sputum." REPLY. There is no danger In visiting a careful consumptive 'provided the visitor Is reason- ably careful. 4here Is danger in close con tact wtth a careless consumptive. I am rea sonably certain that yon are not a consump tive provided you have been correctly In formed. You might have chronle bronchitis or bronchlectic cavities or specific disease in your lungs. It is not probable that a per son' would have consumption with fever, abundant cough, and abundant spatum for 12 years and not have bacilli in the sputum. Have an Examination. J. S. writes: "Is a sustained tempera ture of 98.8, which every day at 3 P. M. reaches 99.4, of any importance? A year and a half ago I had a bad hem orrhage from stomach ulcer. I recov ered apparently and gained 18 pounds and felt well, but for six weeks I have I hofl lh above tamuntun I am not especially ill now, but am not strong and am nervous. Could nerves cause this temperature?" REPL.T. Such a temperature range Is of some Im portance. You should have an examination. Treatments Will Care. U. B. writes: "Can , syphilis of 13 years' standing be cured? Iast Summer I bad a blood test with a positive re turn, but I have had two tests since which were negative. Can I be cured ln two or three years? I am treating with 606 and mercury. Are these treat ments injurious?" REPLY. If you continue your treatments for two or three years you can be reasonably certain that you will never have a relapsj 'ou are not infectious new and the probability la that you never will be again. Why worry? What Ia aa Epidemic t O. C. writes: "I have heard a health office quoted as saying that health offi cers have determined upon nine cases to each 1000 of population as tbe num ber which constitutes an epidemic. Is this a generally accepted figure or, if not, what is ordinarily accepted as con- stitutlng an epidemic?" I REPLi. t.- m i . .1 . ,Uf!nl,,.n f .nl . , ,,, Umb.r r n,. tl,ou.and population. In the nature of I things there must be variation according to such factors as season, age ef persona af- I fected. tendency to obey the law, conges- tion of population, hospital facilities, and contagiousness of the disease in question. The figure 0 per looo Is. of course, out ef the question. A neaun oincer wno wouia not consider smallpox epidemic In Chicago until there were 22,500 cases present should be bung. lu New York City last Eummer the health authorities too notice of the epidemic when the eases were In the pro portion of one case to about 600,000 population. SMALL. POLITICS IN COUNTY BOARD People Jfot "Represented" la L.oatloa f Sew Hospital. PORTLAND, Jan. SO. (To the Edi tor.) Judifing from published account of proceedings of the County Commis sioners, at which Dr. Kenneth A. J. Mackenzie appeared at the request of ne Commissioners to explain the ad vantage of locating the sew hospital on the site of the proposed medical center, it was a most turbulent one. The arcrument of Commissioner Muck: "The doctors are trying to build up an Institution for their own benefit. I am here as a representative of the people, nd I don't intend to tand for it." He may represent some of the people, but not all of its voters. .Mr. Muck received my vote, but ne cer tainly docs not represent me in this important matter. Mr. Muck does not know, or under stand, that the ratfng of Oregon's State Medical School, which Dr. Mac kenzie represents, equals that of the nest schools in the United states a fact which Oregonians should be proud of. Or to put it in another way: Dr. Mackenzie represents an institution which is the highest type of philan thropic effort. Can the County Com missioners (with apologies to Rufus Holman say aa much for themselves? The writer cannot understand wny the offer of a free site to the county should be so flippantly rejected by its so-called representatives (?). The action of our representatives (7) at this turbulent and "small politics" meeting is but another reason for con solidation of our city and county of fices. "Small polities' will doubtless continue to be staged before an ad miring constituency, but tbe number of office holders will be materially decreased and hence a reduced county and city budget. Tne writer has personally known Dr. Mackenzie for many years. He is a man of high. Ideals and sterling qual ifications and la an eminent physician and surireon. His excellent profes slonal reputation Is known far beyond the confines of his native state. Quibbling politicians will pass into oblivion; but future generations will acknowledge their debt of gratitude to Dr. K.enneth A. J. Mackenzie for bis unselfish Interest in behalf of auffer- ing humanity. ROBERT II. BLOSdOM. IT WAS PEACE WTniOCT VICTORY Caral Contest Ia X.'sed to Illustrate President's Phrase. BOISE, Idaho. Jan. 2S. (To the Edl tor.) -An editorial ln The Oregonian asks. "What does peace without victory mean 7" Here it Is: A few years ago an old soldier who prided himself on bis ability to bea the world playing cribbage. and. who was also an "authority" on lioyle. en gaged me in a series of cribbage games at II per game. The rules were that no money should pass until one of us had annexed 20 games, and then the loser must settle. These games see' sawed back and forth over a period of three months, until, by rare good luck, I succeeded in annexing 17 pames to my credit- Matters were becoming ex ceedingly warm for the old soldier. He didn't t"ure for the money loss of 20, but it was the stigma of being de feated that caused him to blow so hard. Finally, luck favored his. cards, and slowly but surely he wiped the slat clean. Then "Old Ab" sat back ln hi big arm chair, heaved a gladsome breath of profound relief, and said "Now let's quit this damn foolishness. That is "peace without victory." But, Is uermany ln tbe seventeen holer C S. E. Homesteads and Sage Hens. BEND, Or.. Jan. 28. (To the Kditor. (1) I have used my homestead rigb on 80 acres, and proved up on it prio to 1907. I now own 160 acres ln Des chutes County. Can I take advantage of the enlarged homestead act and tak a 640-acre track for grazing land, o how much land can T take? (2) There are many sage hens ou here. Kindly tell me if they are fit to eat. If so, what process do you put them through to cook them? OLD SUBSCRIBER. (1) No entry blanks or definite in structlons for the taking of 640-acre grazing homesteads have thus far bee received at the local land office. Th inference Is. however, that a person having taken an SO-acre homestead un der the old law, and being, therefore, entitled to enter another 80, has th privilege of entering 320 acres unde the new 640-acre law. (2) There are probably several way of making an edible bird cf the sage hen, for many of them are eaten. One way is to skin the bird and then soak it several hours in salt water. Th removal of the skin takes away the most of the disagreeable Base taste. Retirement Pay In Amy. SANDY. Or.. Jan: 29. (To the Edl tor.) Does an enlisted soldier in th United States Army in time of peace receive a pension after having served a certain length of time? If so. ho lone must he serve before receiving- pension? Does an enlisted soldier in the United States Army serving In the Philippines for a certain length of time and receiving no wound, receive a pen sion after having served a certain length of time? If so how long must he have served? What would be the amount of pension received in both Instances? SUBSCRIBER. Enlisted men may bo retired after 80 years' service with three-fourths of the pay of their grade and 115.75 per month additional. Grades-are Increased with length of service and expertness ln certain functiona Twenty per cent Increase la also allowed for service ln the Philippines. Retirement pay ap plies whether service Is ln Philippines or at home. How Is It Dosct PORTLAND. Jan. 0. (To the Ed itor.) A few days ago you mentioned the Mazamas ln connection with squir rels. I've learned why they're not afraid. In the "Maxama" for December, page 76, one writer says: "By climbing yourself, however, you may sometimes get a closer view. One doesn t need a tree or fence, but how do you do it? UEORGB T. COLLINS. 415 Yamhill Street. Author of Play. , - WOODBURN. Or., Jan. 29. (To the Editor.) Kindly print ln The Orego nian the name of the author ef the book, "The Great Divide." JESSE SIMS. " The name of the author of the play "The Great Divide" is William Vaughan Moody. We know of no book of that name. - m People Rule. PORTLAND, Jan. 30. (To the Edi tor.) Kjndly tell me if "Kodak" is i copyrighted word and if so why is it ln the dictionary? S. E. U. The name is a registered trade mark. It is given ln the dictionary because people apply it indiscriminately to small cameras. Equal Suffrage In Colorado. SILVEUTON. Or.. Jan. 2!. (To th Editor.) How lone have women had th rteht of voting in Colorado on Presidential elections? MAY E. KENNEDY. Since 1893. In Other Days Twenty-five Years ago. From The Oregonian of, January 81. 1S92. New Tork. Jan. 10. The condition of Cyrus W. Field was worse yesterday than at any time since his long illness. ur. j- uiier says his patient is likely to die at any moment. Berlin, Jan. 80. Mark Twain hu been confined to his bed for a weels with a bad cold, but is now recovering. Peter E. Btudebaker. ef tha Rmri. baker Brothers' Manufacturing Com pany, has been in Portland for some days looking far an opening for his firm here. San Francisco. Jan. SO. Jim rhim. ski says he la willinir tn rrtfft r-v,.-riv Mitchell, either In a six-round contest or a bout to a finish, or he will meet Slavin when he visits this city in a six-round go at any of the clubs. An engine lr the TTnion Pnwar "v,m- pany house broke a valve last nlrhl and no cars will be run ca the Wash ington-street line today. Half a Oratory Aco. From The Oregonian of January 80. 1887. JNew lort. Jar)-. 24 Thera I n.n or, Wall street and failure are ru mored. Washington. Jan. 25. The w. TV.. partment Is sending troops to protect the overland route and sanctions the proposition of AVeils-Fariro A Co ta protect themselves and appropriations win he voted for this purpose. The failure of the m IT nr.TY. at Oregon City on Tuesday was owing io tne impossibility of crossing rfa Pudding River with the stage The banks were overflowed and the malls had to be carried in a skiff for nearly . mile. Hon. Rufus Mallorv. Con from Oregon, arrived down from Salem last evening and will take passage on tho Pacific for San Francisco, and thonce to Washington to take his seat t the first session of the Fortieth Congress. - Mr. O'Connor, of the ivTi.t r-k. House, will relinauish the churn r.r that hotel this evening and the late purchasers, Messrs. Lyons & Co.. will assume the future management. Thia approaching change was made the oc casion ror a very pleasant little party last evening in honor of the outgoing and incoming landlords. WAR BOOK CRITIC ASSTOBEU Benachrldt Told, aa Anpi,. Take Fuir Yievr. SEATTLE, Wish, Jan. 29. (To tha Editor.) I note an article in The Ore gonian by A. Bcnscheidt crltJclslnsr books of war in v Our library an riAlni anti-Oerman. I am not anawerlni this criticism with a desire to stir up a hornets nest, but in this country we must be fair and square and no matter what our sympathies are. we must be willing to have the truth prevail. In parasrranh two of thia KtatA re jection, he says "that Mr. Powell, in his oook relates what precipitated "tho night of horror iu Aershot" and he goes into detail about "the wronging of the beautiful 15-year-old daughter of the burgomaster." It is unfortunate, but a known fact. that no matter how civilized a nation may be. in time of war one or more of armies, especially on the attacking side become more or less brutal and savage. j. oo not make a practice of answer ing newspaper articles, but as Mr. Ben scheidt appeals to the high standard of citizenship of Americans of German extraction to stand aa sponsor of the humactarlan Ideas of their kindred in tbe fatherland. I for one of these, must put truth above the same and must answer, and that Is why those books have been purchased at the general ex pense of tbe taxpayer who is sup posed to hold a strictly neutral senti ment on the European conflict. Ve must be absolutely neutral in these try ing times and bo willing to hear all sides thereof. 1. for one. acting In, behalf of the relief of Belgium and general good for the unfortunate war torn countries, must ask Mr. Ben scheldt to go into more detail before he has a right to ask that these books do not appear upon the shelves of any liberal-minded community. RAILWAY GATE IS INVEXTED Capital Sonant to Put Appliance on Market. PORTLAND. Jan. 30. (To the Edi tor.) I saw Jn The Oregonian where Representative Barber is trying to put a bill through to make the railroads put a flagman at all highway crossings. I do not know whether you will print this or not. but I am going to tell you what I have invented and had for nearly a year. I have Invented it. but have no money to get it patented or push it. 1 have an automatic crossing gate (electrical) that when a train is certain distance from a highway crossing the sate drops across tne roadway and also rings a gong. II you know of any person or persons that would like to take a sure chance. I can show them, and it is a simple and sure device and does not Interfere with any thing, but will do the work. It holds the gate until the train passes. I'. A. WALTON, 4S0 Columbia St. Indians and Literature. FOREST GROVE. Or, Jan. 29. (To the Editor.) Kindly suggest some Indian names suitable for a high school girls' literary society. INTERESTED. - The North American Indians had no written language and therefore no lit erature or any words pertaining to lit erature. One exception was a Chero kee alphabet devised by a half-blood Cherokee. It gained limited use among members ef that tribe. If tbe society has some purpose be sides study of literature it might be possible to suggest an appropriate Indian name. $is Francisco Still Ahead. 1IEBO. Or.. Jan. 2S. (To the Edi tor.) The letter in The Oregonian by Tom Rl-.-hardbon I find rather amus ing, as I am familiar with Los Angeles, also San Francisco. San Francisco lost In 1906 1459,000,- 000 worth of property after it had been assessed, and as to savings, one bank ln San Francisco has more than halt as much savings as all the banks of Los Angeles. Frisco has greater bank clearings than ail the rest of the i-itlcs of the Pacific Coast combined. A. O. WALTER. Jobs on Railroad. PORTLAND. Jan. 30. (To the Edi tor.) Kindly inform me to 'vhom I would write to secure a position with the southern Pacific or O.-W. R. & N. Com sny. WILL OWEN.S. Apply to the chief clerk tn the de partment in which you wish employ ment. I rnlrr of Iopnla l"U. THE DALLES. Or.. Jan. Z'J. (To the Editor.) What is the center of popula tion uf tin' United Stiiles? A SUBSCRIBER. In the city of Ploomiiistoii. Ind., aci cording to l'JIO census.